CN111137191A - 车辆用座椅 - Google Patents

车辆用座椅 Download PDF

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CN111137191A
CN111137191A CN201910912207.9A CN201910912207A CN111137191A CN 111137191 A CN111137191 A CN 111137191A CN 201910912207 A CN201910912207 A CN 201910912207A CN 111137191 A CN111137191 A CN 111137191A
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vehicle
seat
hinge member
front side
base
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CN111137191B (zh
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森和也
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/30Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats
    • B60N2/3038Cushion movements
    • B60N2/3063Cushion movements by composed movement
    • B60N2/3065Cushion movements by composed movement in a longitudinal-vertical plane
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • B60N2/42727Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement
    • B60N2/42754Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement of the cushion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/30Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats
    • B60N2/3038Cushion movements
    • B60N2/304Cushion movements by rotation only
    • B60N2/3045Cushion movements by rotation only about transversal axis
    • B60N2/305Cushion movements by rotation only about transversal axis the cushion being hinged on the vehicle frame
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/30Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats
    • B60N2/3002Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats back-rest movements
    • B60N2/3004Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats back-rest movements by rotation only
    • B60N2/3009Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats back-rest movements by rotation only about transversal axis
    • B60N2/3011Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats back-rest movements by rotation only about transversal axis the back-rest being hinged on the cushion, e.g. "portefeuille movement"
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/30Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats
    • B60N2/3002Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats back-rest movements
    • B60N2/3004Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats back-rest movements by rotation only
    • B60N2/3009Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats back-rest movements by rotation only about transversal axis
    • B60N2/3013Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats back-rest movements by rotation only about transversal axis the back-rest being hinged on the vehicle frame
    • B60N2/3015Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats back-rest movements by rotation only about transversal axis the back-rest being hinged on the vehicle frame the axis being located at the top of the back-rest
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/30Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats
    • B60N2/3088Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats characterised by the mechanical link
    • B60N2/309Non-dismountable or dismountable seats storable in a non-use position, e.g. foldable spare seats characterised by the mechanical link rods
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/4207Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces
    • B60N2/4214Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces longitudinal
    • B60N2/4221Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats characterised by the direction of the g-forces longitudinal due to impact coming from the front
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • B60N2/42709Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving residual deformation or fracture of the structure

Abstract

在以朝向车辆后方侧的状态配置的车辆用座椅中,得到能够在车辆的正面碰撞时有效地保护乘员的车辆用座椅。车辆用座椅(10)具有:座椅主体(11),以朝向车辆后方侧的状态配置且构成为,座椅靠背(14)安装于车室前部的车身侧纵壁部并且座椅衬垫(12)的车辆后方侧的端部能够弹起;以及铰链构件(28),一端部固定于座椅衬垫(12)的车辆前方侧的端部,另一端部以能够转动的方式连结于车室地板部(24),并且该铰链构件具备在座椅主体(11)的展开状态下的车辆的正面碰撞时,塑性变形而容许座椅衬垫(12)向车辆前方侧的移动的弱体部(28B)。

Description

车辆用座椅
技术领域
本公开涉及车辆用座椅。
背景技术
在日本特开2017-149331号公报中公开了如下构造:在能够通过使前座朝向车辆后方侧而成为与后座面对面的状态的车辆中,在前座与后座之间设置有气囊。在日本特开2017-149351号公报及日本特开2008-052347号公报中,与日本特开2017-149331号公报同样地公开了如下构造:设置有在前座与后座面对面的状态下保护后座的乘员的气囊。
然而,上述文献公开的技术均涉及保护面对面座椅中的后座乘员的构造,关于在车辆的正面碰撞时有效地保护前座的乘员方面,存在改善的余地。
发明内容
本公开考虑到上述事实,其目的在于,在以朝向车辆后方侧的状态配置的车辆用座椅中,得到能够在车辆的正面碰撞时有效地保护乘员的车辆用座椅。
本公开的第一形态的车辆用座椅具有:座椅主体,以朝向车辆后方侧的状态配置且构成为,座椅靠背安装于车室前部的车身侧纵壁部并且座椅衬垫的车辆后方侧的端部能够弹起;以及铰链构件,一端部固定于所述座椅衬垫的车辆前方侧的端部,另一端部以能够转动的方式连结于车室地板部,并且该铰链构件在所述座椅主体的展开状态下的车辆的正面碰撞时,塑性变形而容许所述座椅衬垫向车辆前方侧的移动。
在本公开的第一形态的车辆用座椅中,座椅主体的座椅靠背安装于车室前部的车身侧纵壁部,座椅主体的座椅衬垫中的车辆后方侧的端部构成为能够弹起。另外,车辆用座椅具有铰链构件,该铰链构件的一端部固定于座椅衬垫的车辆前方侧的端部,另一端部以能够转动的方式连结于车室地板部。由此,通过抬起座椅衬垫的车辆后方侧的端部,铰链构件的另一端部相对于车室地板部转动,能够使座椅衬垫弹起。
在此,铰链构件构成为,在座椅主体的展开状态(座椅衬垫未弹起的状态)下,在车辆的正面碰撞时发生塑性变形而容许座椅衬垫向车辆前方侧的移动。由此,在乘员就座于车辆用座椅的状态下发生正面碰撞的情况下,铰链构件发生塑性变形,从而能够吸收碰撞载荷的至少一部分。另外,通过座椅衬垫向车辆前方侧移动,座椅靠背成为沿着车身侧纵壁部的立起状态,能够抑制乘员沿着座椅靠背向车辆上方侧上滑。
本公开的第二形态的车辆用座椅基于第一形态,其中,在所述铰链构件中的所述座椅衬垫侧的端部形成有比所述铰链构件的其他部位容易变形的弱体部。
在本公开的第二形态的车辆用座椅中,在车辆的正面碰撞时,在铰链构件的座椅衬垫侧的端部形成的弱体部发生塑性变形。由此,容许座椅衬垫向车辆前方侧的移动。
本公开的第三形态的车辆用座椅基于第二形态,其中,所述弱体部由在所述铰链构件的所述座椅衬垫侧的端部形成的切口部构成。
在本公开的第三形态的车辆用座椅中,通过在铰链构件中的座椅衬垫侧的端部形成切口部而构成弱体部。由此,在车辆的正面碰撞时,通过形成有切口部的铰链构件的座椅衬垫侧端部发生塑性变形,能够使座椅衬垫向车辆前方侧移动。
本公开的第四形态的车辆用座椅基于第二形态,其中,所述铰链构件在所述座椅主体的展开状态下的车辆的正面碰撞时,向车辆前方侧转动,并且在所述弱体部处塑性变形而容许所述座椅衬垫向车辆前方侧的移动。
本公开的第五形态的车辆用座椅基于第二形态,其中,还具备固定于所述车室地板部的基座部,所述铰链构件具有固定于所述座椅衬垫的衬垫侧安装部和经由所述基座部而以能够转动的方式与所述车室地板部连结的基座侧安装部。
本公开的第六形态的车辆用座椅基于第五形态,其中,所述基座侧安装部从所述基座部朝向所述座椅衬垫而向车辆上方侧且车辆后方侧倾斜地延伸,所述弱体部设置于所述基座侧安装部的上端部。
本公开的第七形态的车辆用座椅基于第六形态,其中,所述衬垫侧安装部具有:倾斜部,从所述基座侧安装部的车辆前方侧的端部沿车宽方向延伸并沿所述基座侧安装部的延伸方向延伸;以及直线部,从该倾斜部的上端部沿着所述座椅衬垫的下表面向车辆后方侧延伸。
本公开的第八形态的车辆用座椅基于第二形态,其中,所述弱体部是在所述铰链构件的所述上部设置的厚度较薄的部分。
本公开的第九形态的车辆用座椅基于第一形态,其中,在所述铰链构件中的所述座椅衬垫侧的端部形成有插通孔和长孔,该插通孔供用于将所述铰链构件紧固于所述座椅主体的紧固构件插通,该长孔从所述插通孔向车辆前方侧延伸且宽度比所述紧固构件窄,在车辆的正面碰撞时,向车辆前方侧移动的紧固构件使所述长孔扩开,从而所述铰链构件塑性变形,容许所述座椅衬垫向车辆前方侧的移动。
在本公开的第九形态的车辆用座椅中,在铰链构件中的座椅衬垫侧的端部形成有插通孔,通过在该插通孔插通紧固构件,从而将铰链构件紧固于座椅衬垫(座椅主体)。在此,形成有从铰链构件的插通孔朝向车辆前方侧且比紧固构件宽度窄的长孔。由此,在车辆的正面碰撞时,紧固构件一边使长孔塑性变形而扩开一边向车辆前方侧移动,能够使座椅衬垫相对于铰链构件向车辆前方侧移动。
如以上说明的那样,根据本公开的第一形态的车辆用座椅,在以朝向车辆后方侧的状态配置的车辆用座椅中,能够在车辆的正面碰撞时有效地保护乘员。
根据本公开的第二形态的车辆用座椅,在车辆的正面碰撞时,能够更可靠地使座椅衬垫向车辆前方侧移动。
根据本公开的第三形态的车辆用座椅,通过只是在铰链构件形成切口部的简单的构造,能够在车辆的正面碰撞时使座椅衬垫向车辆前方侧移动。
根据本公开的第九形态的车辆用座椅,通过只是在铰链构件形成长孔的简单的构造,能够在车辆的正面碰撞时使座椅衬垫向车辆前方侧移动。
附图说明
以下将参照附图来说明本发明的示例性实施方式的特征、优点、以及技术和工业重要性,其中同样的附图标记表示同样的部件,并且在附图中:
图1是示出第一实施方式的车辆用座椅的整体结构的侧视图。
图2是示出从图1的状态起车辆用座椅被翻起的状态的侧视图。
图3是将第一实施方式的车辆用座椅的主要部分放大而示出的放大侧视图。
图4是示出第一实施方式的车辆用座椅的铰链构件发生了塑性变形的状态的、与图3对应的放大侧视图。
图5是示出第一实施方式的车辆用座椅的铰链构件发生了塑性变形的状态的、与图1对应的侧视图。
图6A是示出第二实施方式的车辆用座椅的整体结构的图。
图6B是从车辆下方侧观察图6A所示的铰链构件的主要部分的主要部分放大图。
图7A是示出第二实施方式的车辆用座椅的铰链构件发生了塑性变形的状态下的车辆用座椅的整体结构的图。
图7B是从车辆下方侧观察图7A所示的铰链构件的主要部分的主要部分放大图。
具体实施方式
<第一实施方式>
参照附图对第一实施方式的车辆用座椅10进行说明。需要说明的是,在各图中适当记载的箭头FR以及箭头UP分别表示车辆前方向以及车辆上方向。以下,在仅使用前后、上下、左右的方向进行说明的情况下,只要没有特别说明,则表示车辆前后方向上的前后、车辆上下方向上的上下、朝向车辆前方向的情况下的左右。
如图1所示,本实施方式的车辆用座椅10以朝向车辆后方侧的状态配设在车室前部。需要说明的是,在以下的说明中,将就座于车辆用座椅10的乘员P所朝向的方向设为座椅前方侧,将沿着车辆宽度方向的方向设为座椅宽度方向来进行说明。另外,本实施方式的车辆为能够自动行驶的所谓自动驾驶车辆,构成为能够在乘员P通过手动进行驾驶的手动驾驶模式和自动行驶的自动驾驶模式之间进行切换。
车辆用座椅10具备座椅主体11,该座椅主体11包括座椅衬垫12、座椅靠背14及头枕16而构成。另外,车辆用座椅10为能够从图1所示的展开状态向图2所示的收纳状态转移的所谓翻起式座椅。
座椅衬垫12构成为在座椅主体11的展开状态下能够从座椅下方侧支承乘员P的臀部及大腿部。另外,在座椅衬垫12的座椅前方侧(车辆后方侧)的端部连结有前侧脚构件18,在座椅衬垫12的座椅后方侧(车辆前方侧)的端部连结有后侧脚构件20。关于前侧脚构件18及后侧脚构件20的详细内容将在后面叙述。
座椅靠背14以能够转动的方式与座椅衬垫12的座椅后方侧的端部连结。座椅靠背14在座椅主体11的展开状态下从座椅衬垫12向座椅上方侧延伸,构成为能够从座椅后方侧支承乘员P的背部。
在此,座椅靠背14的上部安装于车身侧。具体而言,在设置于车室前部的车身侧纵壁部22设置有未图示的安装托架,相对于该安装托架,座椅靠背14以能够在车辆前后方向上转动的方式安装。因此,如图2所示,若座椅衬垫12的座椅前方侧的端部弹起而使车辆用座椅10翻起,则座椅靠背14成为比展开状态立起的状态。需要说明的是,作为车身侧纵壁部22,例如有仪表板等。
如图1所示,在座椅靠背14的座椅上方侧的端部设置有头枕16,该头枕16构成为能够从座椅后方侧支承乘员的头部。
接着,对前侧脚构件18及后侧脚构件20进行说明。前侧脚构件18是将管状的构件折弯而形成的,形成为在座椅主体11的展开状态下从车辆前后方向观察时上侧开放的大致U字状。
另外,前侧脚构件18的两端部18A分别以能够转动的方式安装于在座椅衬垫12的下表面设置的安装部19。并且,在本实施方式中,前侧脚构件18构成为能够在图1所示的位置与图2所示的位置之间沿座椅前后方向相互转动。另外,前侧脚构件18通过未图示的锁定机构而将比图1所示的位置更向车辆前方侧的转动锁死。
如图3所示,后侧脚构件20包括基座部26和铰链构件28而构成。另外,在本实施方式中,在左右设置有一对后侧脚构件20,分别设置于座椅衬垫12的座椅宽度方向上的端部。
后侧脚构件20的基座部26在从车辆前后方向观察时形成为大致L字状,包括沿着作为车室地板部的地板24延伸的第一面部26A和从第一面部26A的座椅宽度方向内侧的端部向座椅上方侧延伸的第二面部26B而构成。第一面部26A以座椅上下方向作为板厚方向而在俯视观察时形成为大致矩形形状,通过未图示的紧固构件等固定于地板24。另外,在从车辆宽度方向观察时,第二面部26B形成为大致三角形状,铰链构件28以能够转动的方式轴支承于该第二面部26B。
铰链构件28的一端部固定于座椅衬垫12的座椅后方侧的端部,另一端部经由基座部26而以能够转动的方式与地板24连结。另外,铰链构件28包括基座侧安装部30和衬垫侧安装部32而构成。
基座侧安装部30以座椅宽度方向作为板厚方向,在座椅主体11的展开状态下,从基座部26朝向座椅衬垫12而向座椅上方侧且座椅前方侧倾斜地延伸。在此,在基座侧安装部30的下端部(基座部26侧的端部)形成有插通孔30A,通过在该插通孔30A插通未图示的旋转轴构件,从而铰链构件28以能够转动的方式轴支承于基座部26。
衬垫侧安装部32与基座侧安装部30形成为一体,具备在从车辆宽度方向观察时向座椅上方侧且座椅前方侧倾斜地延伸的倾斜部32A和从倾斜部32A的上端部向座椅前方侧延伸的直线部32B。
倾斜部32A从基座侧安装部30的座椅后方侧的端部向座椅宽度方向外侧延伸。另外,直线部32B沿着座椅衬垫12的下表面延伸,通过未图示的紧固构件紧固于座椅衬垫12。
在此,在铰链构件28的座椅衬垫12侧的端部形成有切口部30B。具体而言,在基座侧安装部30中的上端部形成有在从座椅宽度方向观察时呈大致三角形状切开的形状的切口部30B,通过该切口部30B,铰链构件28的上部构成为弱体部28A。因此,铰链构件28的上部的弱体部28A与铰链构件28的其他部位相比容易变形。
接着,对在座椅主体11的展开状态下发生了车辆的正面碰撞的情况进行说明。在图1所示的状态下发生了车辆的正面碰撞的情况下,对于座椅衬垫12向车辆前方侧输入碰撞载荷。由此,如图4所示,铰链构件28的上部的弱体部28A塑性变形并使铰链构件28向车辆前方侧转动。
通过使铰链构件28向车辆前方侧转动,从而容许座椅衬垫12向车辆前方侧的移动。其结果是,如图5所示,座椅衬垫12向车辆前方侧移动。另外,伴随着座椅衬垫12向车辆前方侧的移动,座椅靠背14成为与图1的状态相比沿着车身侧纵壁部22立起的状态。
(作用)
接着,对本实施方式的作用进行说明。
在本实施方式的车辆用座椅10中,如图1所示,铰链构件28的一端部固定于座椅衬垫12,铰链构件28的另一端部经由基座部26而以能够转动的方式连结于地板24。由此,通过抬起座椅衬垫12的车辆后方侧的端部,铰链构件28的另一端部相对于基座部26(地板24)转动,能够如图2所示那样使座椅衬垫12弹起。
另外,在本实施方式中,如图3所示,在铰链构件28的座椅衬垫12侧的端部形成有切口部30B,通过该切口部30B来划定比铰链构件28的其他部位更容易变形的弱体部28A的一部分。由此,当在座椅主体11的展开状态下发生正面碰撞时,如图4所示,铰链构件28的弱体部28A发生塑性变形而能够吸收碰撞载荷的至少一部分。
而且,通过铰链构件28塑性变形,如图5所示,座椅主体11向车辆前方侧移动。由此,座椅靠背14成为沿着车身侧纵壁部22的立起状态,能够抑制乘员P沿着座椅靠背14向车辆上方侧上滑。其结果是,在以朝向车辆后方侧的状态配置的车辆用座椅10中,能够在车辆的正面碰撞时有效地保护乘员P。
特别是,在本实施方式中,在铰链构件28中的座椅衬垫12侧的端部形成有弱体部28A。因此,在正面碰撞时,该弱体部28A塑性变形,由此,铰链构件28从座椅衬垫12侧的根部弯折,能够更可靠地使座椅衬垫12向车辆前方侧移动。即,通过只是在铰链构件28形成切口部30B的简单的构造,能够在正面碰撞时使座椅衬垫12向车辆前方侧移动而使座椅靠背14成为立起状态。
<第二实施方式>
接着,对第二实施方式的车辆用座椅50进行说明。需要说明的是,对与第一实施方式相同的构造标注相同的附图标记,并适当省略说明。
如图6A所示,在构成本实施方式的车辆用座椅50的座椅衬垫12的座椅后方侧的端部连结有后侧脚构件52。后侧脚构件52在左右设置有一对,分别包括基座部26和铰链构件54而构成。
与第一实施方式同样地,铰链构件54的一端部固定于座椅衬垫12的座椅后方侧的端部,另一端部经由基座部26而以能够转动的方式连结于地板24。另外,铰链构件54包括基座侧安装部56和衬垫侧安装部58而构成。
基座侧安装部56以座椅宽度方向作为板厚方向,在座椅主体11的展开状态下,从基座部26朝向座椅衬垫12而向座椅上方侧且座椅前方侧倾斜地延伸。另外,基座侧安装部56的下端部以能够转动的方式轴支承于基座部26。在此,在本实施方式中,在基座侧安装部56的上端部没有形成切口部这一点上与第一实施方式不同。
衬垫侧安装部58与基座侧安装部56形成为一体,具备向座椅上方侧且座椅前方侧倾斜地延伸的倾斜部58A和从倾斜部58A的上端部向座椅前方侧延伸的直线部58B。
倾斜部58A从基座侧安装部56的座椅后方侧的端部向座椅宽度方向外侧延伸。另外,直线部58B沿着座椅衬垫12的下表面延伸。
在此,如图6B所示,在衬垫侧安装部58的直线部58B形成有插通孔58C,作为紧固构件的螺栓60从车辆下方侧插通于该插通孔58C。螺栓60拧入构成座椅衬垫12的下表面的未图示的衬垫框架,利用该螺栓60将衬垫侧安装部58紧固于座椅衬垫12。
另外,在衬垫侧安装部58形成有长孔58D,该长孔58D从插通孔58C向座椅后方侧(车辆前方侧)延伸。并且,长孔58D的座椅前方侧的端部与插通孔58C连通。
在此,长孔58D的槽宽比插通孔58C宽度窄。即,长孔58D与螺栓60的插通于插通孔58C的轴体相比宽度更窄地形成,构成为在通常的座椅主体11的展开状态下螺栓60不会进入到长孔58D。
本实施方式的车辆用座椅50如以上那样构成,在座椅主体11的展开状态下发生了车辆的正面碰撞的情况下,对于座椅衬垫12向车辆前方侧输入碰撞载荷。由此,如图7B所示,螺栓60一边克服长孔58D的卡定力而扩开长孔58D一边向车辆前方侧移动。即,衬垫侧安装部58利用螺栓60的轴体而塑性变形。由此,容许座椅衬垫向车辆前方侧的移动。
如图7A所示,座椅衬垫12与螺栓60一起相对于铰链构件54向车辆前方侧移动,由此座椅靠背14成为与图6A的状态相比沿着车身侧纵壁部22立起的状态。
(作用)
接着,对本实施方式的作用进行说明。
在本实施方式的车辆用座椅50中,通过只是在铰链构件54的衬垫侧安装部58形成长孔58D的简单的构造,能够在车辆的正面碰撞时使座椅衬垫12向车辆前方侧移动。其他作用与第一实施方式相同。
以上,对第一实施方式及第二实施方式进行了说明,但当然能够在不脱离本公开的主旨的范围内以各种形态实施。例如,在第一实施方式中,如图3所示,由形成于铰链构件28的切口部30B构成弱体部28A,但并不限定于此,也可以通过其他构造构成弱体部。在图3中,也可以通过使铰链构件28的基座侧安装部30的一部分的厚度变薄来构成弱体部。另外,也可以通过将基座侧安装部30的一部分的材质变更为容易变形的材质来构成弱体部。
另外,形成切口部30B的位置也没有特别限定。例如,也可以在铰链构件28的基座侧安装部30中的一端部与另一端部之间的中间部分形成切口部30B。但是,从使铰链构件28稳定地塑性变形的观点出发,优选在铰链构件28的座椅衬垫12侧的端部形成有切口部30B的构造。

Claims (9)

1.一种车辆用座椅,具有:
座椅主体,以朝向车辆后方侧的状态配置,座椅靠背安装于车室前部的车身侧纵壁部,座椅衬垫的车辆后方侧的端部构成为能够弹起;以及
铰链构件,一端部固定于所述座椅衬垫的车辆前方侧的端部,另一端部以能够转动的方式连结于车室地板部,并且在所述座椅主体的展开状态下的车辆的正面碰撞时,该铰链构件塑性变形而容许所述座椅衬垫向车辆前方侧的移动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用座椅,其中,
在所述铰链构件的上部形成有比所述铰链构件的其他部位容易变形的弱体部。
3.根据权利要求2所述的车辆用座椅,其中,
所述弱体部由在所述铰链构件的所述上部形成的切口部局部地划定。
4.根据权利要求2所述的车辆用座椅,其中,
所述铰链构件在所述座椅主体的展开状态下的车辆的正面碰撞时,向车辆前方侧转动,并且在所述弱体部处塑性变形而容许所述座椅衬垫向车辆前方侧的移动。
5.根据权利要求2所述的车辆用座椅,其中,
还具备固定于所述车室地板部的基座部,
所述铰链构件具有固定于所述座椅衬垫的衬垫侧安装部和经由所述基座部而以能够转动的方式与所述车室地板部连结的基座侧安装部。
6.根据权利要求5所述的车辆用座椅,其中,
所述基座侧安装部从所述基座部朝向所述座椅衬垫而向车辆上方侧且车辆后方侧倾斜地延伸,
所述弱体部设置于所述基座侧安装部的上端部。
7.根据权利要求6所述的车辆用座椅,其中,
所述衬垫侧安装部具有:
倾斜部,从所述基座侧安装部的车辆前方侧的端部沿车宽方向延伸并沿所述基座侧安装部的延伸方向延伸;以及
直线部,从该倾斜部的上端部沿着所述座椅衬垫的下表面向车辆后方侧延伸。
8.根据权利要求2所述的车辆用座椅,其中,
所述弱体部是在所述铰链构件的所述上部设置的厚度较薄的部分。
9.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用座椅,其中,
在所述铰链构件中的所述座椅衬垫侧的所述一端部形成有插通孔和长孔,该插通孔供用于将所述铰链构件紧固于所述座椅主体的紧固构件插通,该长孔从所述插通孔向车辆前方侧延伸且宽度比所述紧固构件窄,
在车辆的正面碰撞时,向车辆前方侧移动的紧固构件使所述长孔扩开,从而所述铰链构件塑性变形,容许所述座椅衬垫向车辆前方侧的移动。
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