CN108884567A - 辊到辊原子层沉积设备和方法 - Google Patents
辊到辊原子层沉积设备和方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
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- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45544—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
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- C23C16/45544—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus
- C23C16/45548—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus having arrangements for gas injection at different locations of the reactor for each ALD half-reaction
- C23C16/45551—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus having arrangements for gas injection at different locations of the reactor for each ALD half-reaction for relative movement of the substrate and the gas injectors or half-reaction reactor compartments
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种方法。该方法可包括使基底的第一表面上的第一边缘区域与第一支撑辊接合;使基底的第一表面上的第二边缘区域与第二支撑辊接合;在第一支撑辊和第二支撑辊之上传送基底;重复下列步骤序列以在基底上形成薄膜:(a)使基底暴露于第一前体;(b)在将基底暴露于第一前体之后将反应性物质供应给基底;以及将蒸气沉积在薄膜上以在薄膜上形成涂层。
Description
背景技术
气体、液体和其它环境因素可导致各种商品(诸如食品、医疗用品、电子装置和药学产品)劣化。阻挡膜已经被包括在与敏感商品相关联的包装上或之内,以阻止或限制气体或液体(诸如氧气和水)在制造、储存或使用商品期间渗透穿过包装。例如,柔性的阻挡层涂覆的聚合物膜已被用于其部件对水蒸气和氧气的侵入敏感的电子装置。用于阻挡膜技术的市场应用包括例如柔性薄膜和有机光伏太阳能电池,用于显示器和固态照明中的有机发光二极管(OLED)和包括量子点的其它发光装置。先前已知为原子层外延(“ALE”)的原子层沉积(“ALD”)是薄膜沉积工艺,已知该薄膜沉积工艺用于制造电致发光的(EL)显示面板、用于半导体集成电路制造以及用于其它目的。阻挡膜提供优于玻璃的优点,因为该阻挡膜是柔性、重量轻、耐用的,并使得能够实现低成本的连续的辊到辊处理。虽然已知阻挡层的制备有效地抵抗空气和水分的渗透,但是需要更好的工艺和系统来制备阻挡膜。
发明内容
本公开涉及辊到辊ALD系统以及制备阻挡膜的方法。本公开的系统和方法可能够在多种基底上进行非常高速的沉积并且通过卷绕和后续的后处理来维持阻挡膜的性能。
在第一方面,提供一种方法。该方法可包括:使基底的第一表面上的第一边缘区域与第一支撑辊接合,其中第一支撑辊能够在轴的第一端部上旋转,并且其中幅材材料的长度基本上大于该幅材材料的宽度;使基底的第一表面上的第二边缘区域与第二支撑辊接合,其中第二支撑辊能够在轴的与其第一端部相反的第二端部上旋转,并且其中位于第一辊与第二辊之间并且构成基底宽度的至少约50%的中心区域不受辊支撑;在第一支撑辊和第二支撑辊之上传送基底;重复下列步骤序列多次以便足以在基底上形成薄膜:(a)使基底暴露于第一前体;(b)在将基底暴露于第一前体之后将反应性物质供应给基底以与第一前体反应;其中薄膜作为第一前体与反应性物质的反应产物形成;以及将蒸气沉积在薄膜上以在薄膜上形成涂层。
在另一方面,提供一种系统。该系统可包括第一区,第一前体被引入该第一区中;第二区,第二前体被引入该第二区中;第三区,该第三区位于第一区与第二区之间并且反应性物质在该第三区中生成;基底传送机构,该基底传送机构包括:接触基底的单一主表面的至少两个支撑辊,其中基底具有第一边缘和第二边缘,该支撑辊包括:第一支撑辊,该第一支撑辊接触基底的第一边缘区域,以及第二支撑辊,该第二支撑辊接触基底的第二边缘区域,其中基底包括位于第一支撑辊与第二支撑辊之间的未接触区域,该未接触区域构成基底的宽度的至少约50%;以及蒸气处理系统,该蒸气处理系统包括用于产生蒸气的蒸气源。
以上发明内容并非旨在描述本公开的每个公开的实施方案或每一种实施方式。以下附图和具体实施方式更具体地说明示例性实施例。
附图说明
在整个说明书中均参考附图,其中类似的附图标号表示类似的元件,并且其中:
图1示出一个实施方案的示意性剖视图,其示出用于辊对辊ALD的系统和方法;
图2示出基底传送机构的实施方案的示意性俯视图。
图未必按照比例绘制。图中使用的相似数字指代相似的部件。然而,应当理解,在给定图中使用数字指代部件不旨在限制另一图中用相同数字标记的部件。
具体实施方式
对于以下定义术语的术语表,除非在权利要求书或说明书中的别处提供不同的定义,否则整个申请应以这些定义为准。
术语表
在整个说明书和权利要求书中使用某些术语,虽然大部分为人们所熟知,但仍可需要作出一些解释。应当理解:
关于数值或形状的术语“约”或“大约”意指该数值或属性或特征的+/-5%,但明确地包括确切的数值。例如,“约”1帕-秒的粘度是指0.95至1.05帕-秒的粘度,但也明确地包括精确1帕-秒的粘度。
关于特性或特征的术语“基本上”意指该特性或特征表现出的程度大于该特性或特征的相反面表现出的程度。例如,“基本上”透明的基底是指与不透射(例如,吸收和反射)相比透射更多辐射(例如,可见光)的基底。因此,透射入射在其表面上的可见光多于50%的基底是基本上透明的,但透射入射在其表面上的可见光的50%或更少的基底不是基本上透明的。
如本说明书中所用的,通过端点表述的数值范围包括该范围内所包括的所有数值(例如,1至5包括1、1.5、2、2.75、3、3.8、4和5)。
图1是系统100的图,其示出了用于制备阻挡膜的过程。系统100可包含在惰性环境中,并且可包括用于从基底114的输入辊放出基底114的退绕机辊110和用于接收并移动提供移动幅材的激冷鼓112。基底预处理源116可向基底114的表面提供处理,例如向基底114供应等离子体。蒸气处理系统118包括当基底114经过激冷鼓112时,用于产生蒸气并且使蒸气沉积在基底114上的蒸气源。当基底114经过激冷鼓112时,蒸气可沉积在基底114上以在基底114的第一表面上形成涂层。激冷鼓112可设置有冷却系统,例如热传递流体循环,使得至少激冷鼓112的表面是温度受控的,从而促进蒸气在基底114上的冷凝、反应和/或其它形式的沉积。在一些实施方案中,系统100还可包括一个或多个固化源120。固化源120可引发从蒸气沉积到基底上的液体单体或液体低聚物的聚合。可用于本公开的系统中的固化源120包括例如以下中的一种或多种:热源、紫外线辐射源、电子束辐射源和等离子体辐射源。当激冷鼓112在由箭头122所示的方向上推进基底114时,沉积在基底114上的蒸气涂层可通过固化源120固化以在基底114上形成基础聚合物层。在一些实施方案中,系统100还可包括加热系统124以便在将薄膜ALD沉积到基底上之前加热基底114。可用于本公开的系统中的加热系统124包括例如以下中的一种或多种:红外线辐射加热源、加热鼓、导电加热源和感应加热器。在一些实施方案中,可将基底114加热至50℃至150℃的范围。在一些实施方案中,可将基底114加热至70℃至100℃的范围。在一些实施方案中,可将基底114加热至100℃。在一些实施方案中,可将基底114加热至80℃。
在加热基底114之后,将基底114推进到ALD涂覆系统126中,以用于将薄膜沉积到基底114上。参考图2,ALD涂覆系统126包括分别由其中生成反应性物质的第三区138隔开的第一前体区128和第二前体区130。当使用时,将反应性第一前体气体和第二前体气体(前体1和前体2)从第一前体递送系统132和第二前体递送系统134引入相应的第一前体区128和第二前体区130中。前体递送系统132、134可包括位于前体区128、130之外或之内的前体源容器(未示出)。另外或另选地,前体递送系统132、134可包括用于将前体气体供应到前体区128、130中的管道、泵、阀门、罐和其它相关联的设备。化合物递送系统136类似地被包括以用于将化合物注入到第三区138中以生成反应性物质。
在图1所示的实施方案中,前体区128、130和第三区138由外部反应室外壳或器皿140限定和界定,该外部反应室外壳或器皿140由第一分隔器142和第二分隔器144分隔。在其它实施方案中,ALD涂覆系统126可包括另外的区,例如,位于前体区128与区138之间的隔离区和位于前体区130与区138之间的隔离区。通过第一分隔器142的一系列第一通路146沿基底114的大体行进方向间隔开,并且提供通过第二分隔器144的对应的一系列第二通路148。通路146、148被布置和构造用于使基底114在第一前体区128与第二前体区130之间往复地从中穿过多次并且每次通过第三区138。对于幅材基底,通路146、148优选包括狭缝,该狭缝具有略微大于基底114的厚度的宽度(在图1中被夸大)以及延伸到图1的平面(即,与页面正交)中并且略微大于基底的宽度的长度(未示出)。第三区138因此优选由第一分隔器142与第一前体区128隔开(虽然不完全)并且由第二分隔器144与第二前体区130隔开。
一系列生成等离子体或其它自由基的发生器150可操作地与第三区138相关联,其中在150W至1500W下操作的自由基发生器150从化合物136生成反应性物质。自由基发生器150可包括射频(RF)等离子体发生器、微波等离子体发生器;直流(DC)等离子体发生器或UV光源,并且优选地通过例如等离子体在第三区138内原位连续地生成自由基物质的群体。在一些实施方案中,自由基发生器150定位在第三区138中,使得基底114的仅一个表面可接触反应性物质。反应性物质可包括但不限于活性氧、臭氧、水、活性氮、氨和活性氢。在一些实施方案中,反应性物质可通过向化学化合物136施加能量来生成,例如,对干燥的含氧化合物进行裂化以便生成活性氧物质。在这类实施方案中的一些中,等离子体发生器(例如,DC等离子体源、RF等离子体源或电感耦合的等离子体源)可激发并分解干燥的气体含氧化合物(例如,干燥的空气、O2、CO2、CO、NO、NO2或前述中的两种或更多种的混合物,具有或不具有添加的氮气(N2)和/或另一种合适的惰性载体气体)。在一些其它实施方案中,含氧化合物(例如过氧化氢、水或它们的混合物)可通过非等离子体活化(例如,热处理)来分解或裂化。在其它实施方案中,臭氧可(例如,通过电晕放电)远离或靠近基底或基底路径生成,使得将臭氧供应到基底表面。在一些实施方案中,反应性物质可通过将化学化合物引入等离子体中来生成。
在一些实施方案中,将第一前体供应到前体区128中。当基底114进入第一前体区128时,基底114的表面166暴露于第一前体132,使得第一前体132被化学吸附到基底表面,从而在与反应性物质反应的表面处留下化学吸附的物质。在使第一前体沉积在基底114上后,基底114然后进入第三区138,该第三区138在一些实施方案中被供应有在由化合物136形成的等离子体中生成的反应性物质。第二前体进入前体区130。基底114进入前体区130并且暴露于第二前体。基底114然后另外横穿第三区138和前体区128预定次数,之后薄膜形成于基底114上。在一些实施方案中,基底114然后另外横穿第三区138和前体区128介于2次或更多次之间以形成薄膜基底114。在一些实施方案中,基底114然后另外横穿第三区138和前体区128介于2次至5次之间以形成薄膜基底114。在一些实施方案中,薄膜可具有不超过100nm、不超过80nm、不超过60nm、不超过50nm、不超过30nm或不超过20nm的厚度。在一些实施方案中,薄膜可具有至少1nm、至少3nm、至少5nm或至少10nm的厚度。在一些实施方案中,薄膜可具有1nm至100nm、3nm至80nm、3nm至60nm、3nm至50nm、3nm至30nm或3nm至20nm的厚度。
系统100的基底传送机构151包括滑架,该滑架包括用于引导基底114的多个转向引导件,包括沿前体区128间隔开的一组第一支撑辊152和一组第二支撑辊152a(在图1中未示出)。基底传送机构150还可包括可用于在改变基底114的运动方向期间支撑基底的一组惰辊154。
系统100还可包括基底冷却系统156以便在基底114离开ALD涂覆系统126之后冷却基底。系统100还可包括用于接收并移动冷却的基底114的激冷鼓158。另外的蒸气处理系统160可被包括在系统100中,包括当基底114经过激冷鼓158时,用于产生蒸气并且使蒸气沉积到形成于基底114的表面166上的薄膜上的蒸气源。激冷鼓158可设置有基底冷却系统,例如热传递流体循环,使得至少激冷鼓158的表面是温度受控的,从而促进蒸气在基底114上的冷凝、反应和/或其它形式的沉积。在一些实施方案中,系统100还可包括一个或多个固化源162。固化源162可引发从蒸气沉积到薄膜上的液体单体或低聚物的聚合以形成涂层。系统100可包括卷绕辊164,该卷绕辊164用于接收涂覆的基底114并且将基底114盘绕到收卷辊中。
参考图2,基底传送机构210的示意性俯视图包括至少两个支撑辊212、214,该至少两个支撑辊212、214围绕它们相应的轴216、218旋转。在各种实施方案中,支撑辊212、214可在轴216、218上的辊轴承上转动,或可在轴216、218上被驱动。在一些实施方案中,辊可围绕单一轴220旋转。基底传送机构210中的支撑辊212、214中的至少一个相对于与轴216、218的纵向轴线y正交的方向x在平面x-y中以角度θ“外倾”或定位。在图2的实施方案中,相对于基底222的运动方向x,辊212以角度θ1成角度,并且辊214以角度θ2成角度。在各种实施方案中,不一定θ1=θ2并且θ1和θ2可独立地选自大于约0°至约6°、或大于约0至约2°、或大于约0°至约1°、或约0.2°至约0.8°。
长度l基本上长于其宽度w的基底222在箭头A的方向上沿其长度l移动,并且横穿支撑辊212、214。支撑辊212、214具有各自基本上小于基底222的宽度w的宽度w1、w2。在图2的实施方案中,支撑辊212、214接触基底222的第一表面223,但在其它实施方案中,可接触与基底222的第一表面223相反的第二表面225。在一些实施方案中,支撑辊212、214可接触基底222的两个侧面223、225。支撑辊212、214的接触基底222的表面211A、211B可独立地选自宽范围的材料,包括但不限于天然和合成橡胶、有机硅、聚合物材料、金属等。在一些实施方案中,支撑辊212、214的表面211A、211B可包括o形环或套管以改变与基底222的界面处的静摩擦系数。
支撑辊212、214接触基底222的第一表面223的相反边缘213、215的至少一部分。基底222的第一表面223的中心区域227并不接触支撑辊12、14并且保持不受任何辊支撑。在各种实施方案中,基底222的相反边缘213、215可独立地被选择成与支撑辊212、214具有基本上相同的宽度,并且取决于预期应用基本上可以更宽。在各种实施方案中,基底222的第一表面223的中心区域为基底222的宽度w的约50%至约98%、或宽度w的约70%至约95%、或约80%至约90%。不受任何理论的束缚,目前可得的证据表明,辊中的至少一个的外倾取向在与基底22的长度l正交的横向方向t上轻轻地拉动该基底,这使基底222保持张紧并且帮助在支撑辊212、214与相反边缘213、215之间维持足够的接合以传送基底222。
用于本文所述的系统和方法中的合适的基底114包括能够辊到辊处理的柔性材料,诸如纸、聚合物材料、金属箔、以及它们的组合。合适的聚合物基底包括各种聚烯烃例如聚丙烯、各种聚酯(例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、芴聚酯)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和其它聚合物诸如聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚醚砜、聚酯碳酸酯、聚醚酰亚胺、聚芳酯、聚酰亚胺、乙烯基、醋酸纤维素和含氟聚合物。
合适的第一前体132和第二前体134可包括在美国专利公布2014/0242736中描述的那些。第一前体132的非限制性示例可包括非羟基化含硅前体,其包括化合物诸如三(二甲基氨基)硅烷(SiH[N(CH3)2]3);四(二甲基氨基)硅烷(Si[N(CH3)2]4;双(叔-丁氨基)硅烷(SiH2[HNC(CH3)3]2);三甲硅烷基胺((SiH3)3N)(以商品名TSA购自液化空气集团(L'AirLiquide S.A.));硅烷二胺、N,N,N',N'-四乙基(SiH2[N(C2H5)2]2)(以商品名SAM.24TM购自液化空气集团(L'Air Liquide S.A.));以及六(乙基氨基)二硅烷(Si2(NHC2H5)6)(以商品名AHEADTM购自液化空气集团(L'Air Liquide S.A.)可得)。第二前体134的非限制示例可包括含金属前体,例如,金属卤化物化合物(例如,四氯化钛、四(二甲基氨基)锡(TDMASn)、叔丁氧化锆、四异丙醇钛或TiCl4)和金属有机化合物(例如,二乙基锌((DEZ)或Zn(C2H5)2)和三甲基铝(TMA))。
在一些实施方案中,蒸气处理系统118和160的蒸气源可被配置为能够蒸发液体的任何装置。合适的蒸气源可包括例如热浴槽、起泡器、喷雾器、旋风蒸发器、超声蒸发器、刮膜蒸发器、轧膜蒸发器、旋转盘式蒸发器、旋转蒸发器、多孔烧结蒸发器、管式蒸发器等。在各种实施方案中,蒸气源可包括全文以引用方式并入本文中的以下专利和公开中所描述的蒸气源中的一种或多种:美国公布2008/0108180(Charles等人);美国专利8,658,248(Anderson等人);美国专利7,300,538(Lemme等人);美国专利6,245,150(Lyons等人);美国专利4,954,371(Yializis等人);美国专利5,653,813(Benzing等人);美国专利5,595,603(Klinedinst等人);美国专利5,536,323(Kirlin等人);美国专利5,431,736(Boer等人);美国专利5,356,451(Cain等人);美国专利5,558,687(Cain等人);美国专利5,951,923(Horie等人);美国公布2008/0017110(Kim等人);美国公布2007/0120275(Liu等人);美国专利6,089,548(Plitzner等人);美国专利6,157,774(Komino等人);美国专利6,958,107(Clarke等人);美国专利6,409,839(Sun等人);以及美国专利6,488,985(Honda等人)。虽然关于单一蒸气源对本公开进行了描述,但应理解可利用任何数量的附加蒸气源。例如,多个蒸气源可用于其中需要蒸气混合物并且单一蒸气源中蒸气混合物的两种或更多种组分的蒸发较为困难或不能实行(例如由于变化的蒸气压曲线、液态组分的不可混容性或液态组分的不良反应)的实施方案中。
在示例性实施方案中,由蒸气源供给的蒸气可包括单体、低聚物、树脂、蜡、溶剂、有机化合物、有机金属化合物、金属化合物、生物活性材料、以及它们的组合。用于蒸发的其它合适材料包括但不限于环氧树脂、乙烯基醚、(甲基)丙烯酸酯、含氟聚合物、含苯乙烯聚合物、乙炔、聚酰胺、丙烯酰胺、聚对二甲苯、蜡、含氟聚醚、聚胺、二烯丙基二苯基硅烷、金属醇盐、烷基金属、硅氧烷、油、染料、蛋白质、肽、多肽、脂质、碳水化合物、酶、核酸、多核苷酸、药物、药物代谢物、以及它们的组合。
在各种实施方案中,由蒸气源供给的蒸气(和/或作为输入物供给至蒸气源的液体或固体)可包含一种或多种添加剂以影响蒸气的处理和/或由蒸气形成的冷凝或沉积材料的性质和性能,如本领域中所知。例如,可包含一种或多种添加剂以降低表面张力、降低粘度、抑制热诱导反应(诸如聚合反应)、抑制氧化反应、或它们的组合。为了在由蒸气源所供给的蒸气形成的冷凝或沉积材料中赋予所需性质,可包含一种或多种添加剂以吸收辐射(例如UV、可见波长、IR和微波能)和/或引发反应(例如光引发剂、热引发剂等)。其它添加剂可包括着色剂、交联剂或本领域中已知的其它材料。
以下为本公开的实施方案的列表。
1.一种方法,包括:
使基底的第一表面上的第一边缘区域与第一支撑辊接合,其中该第一支撑辊能够在轴的第一端部上旋转,并且其中该基底的长度基本上大于该基底的宽度;
使该基底的该第一表面上的第二边缘区域与第二支撑辊接合,其中该第二支撑辊能够在该轴的与其第一端部相反的第二端部上旋转,并且其中位于该第一辊与该第二辊之间并且构成该基底的宽度的至少约50%的中心区域不受辊支撑;
在该第一支撑辊和该第二支撑辊之上传送该基底;
重复下列步骤序列多次,以便足以在该基底上形成薄膜:
(a)使该基底暴露于第一前体;
(b)在将该基底暴露于第一前体之后将反应性物质供应给该基底以与该第一前体反应;其中该薄膜作为该第一前体与该反应性物质的反应产物形成;以及
将蒸气沉积在该薄膜上以在该薄膜上形成涂层。
2.根据实施方案1所述的方法,还包括在将该蒸气沉积在该薄膜上之前冷却该基底。
3.根据实施方案1至2中任一项所述的方法,包括在将该基底暴露于第一前体之前加热该基底。
4.根据实施方案1至3中任一项所述的方法,包括在将该基底暴露于第一前体之前将该基底加热至50℃至150℃的范围。
5.根据实施方案1至4中任一项所述的方法,包括在将该基底暴露于第一前体之前将该基底加热至70℃至100℃的范围。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,其中该基底的与其第一表面相反的第二表面基本上不接触该反应性物质。
7.根据实施方案1至6中任一项所述的方法,其中将该蒸气沉积在该薄膜上发生在该薄膜接触覆盖该基底的宽度的超过50%的固体表面之前。
8.根据实施方案1至7中任一项所述的方法,其中该薄膜具有1nm至100nm的厚度。
9.根据实施方案1至8中任一项所述的方法,其中该薄膜具有3nm至80nm的厚度。
10.根据实施方案1至9中任一项所述的方法,其中该薄膜具有3nm至20nm的厚度。
11.根据实施方案1至10中任一项所述的方法,其中重复步骤在步骤(b)之后还包括(c),使该基底暴露于第二前体,以及(d)在将该基底暴露于第二前体之后将反应性物质供应给该基底。
12.根据实施方案1至11中任一项所述的方法,还包括将该支撑辊中的至少一个相对于该基底的运动方向成角度取向。
13.根据实施方案1至12中任一项所述的方法,其中该反应性物质通过向化学化合物施加能量来生成。
14.根据实施方案1至13中任一项所述的方法,其中该反应性物质通过将化学化合物引入等离子体中来生成。
15.根据实施方案1至14中任一项所述的方法,其中该薄膜通过原子层沉积来沉积。
16.根据实施方案15所述的方法,还包括在沉积该薄膜之前将蒸气沉积在该基底上以在该基底的第一表面上形成涂层。
17.根据实施方案1至16中任一项所述的方法,还包括在将该蒸气沉积在该基底上之前通过供应等离子体来预处理该基底的第一表面。
18.根据实施方案1至17中任一项所述的方法,还包括使该涂层固化在该薄膜或该基底的该第一表面上。
19.根据实施方案11中任一项所述的方法,其中该第一前体和该第二前体相同。
20.根据实施方案11中任一项所述的方法,其中该第一前体和该第二前体不同。
21.一种系统,包括,
第一区,第一前体被引入该第一区中;
第二区,第二前体被引入该第二区中;
第三区,该第三区位于该第一区与该第二区之间并且反应性物质在该第三区中生成;
基底传送机构,该基底传送机构包括:接触该基底的单一主表面的至少两个支撑辊,其中该基底具有第一边缘和第二边缘,该支撑辊包括:
第一支撑辊,该第一支撑辊接触该基底的第一边缘区域,以及
第二支撑辊,该第二支撑辊接触该基底的第二边缘区域,
其中该基底包括位于该第一支撑辊与该第二支撑辊之间的未接触区域,该未接触区域构成该基底的宽度的至少约50%;以及
蒸气处理系统,该蒸气处理系统包括用于产生蒸气的蒸气源。
22.根据实施方案21所述的系统,还包括加热系统以加热该基底。
23.根据实施方案21至22中任一项所述的系统,还包括冷却系统以冷却该基底。
24.根据实施方案21至23中任一项所述的系统,还包括固化源,该固化源被配置用于引发从该蒸气沉积到该基底上的液体单体或液体低聚物的聚合。
25.根据实施方案21至24中任一项所述的系统,还包括自由基发生器,该自由基发生器用于将反应性物质供应给该第三区。
26.根据实施方案21至25中任一项所述的系统,还包括惰辊,该惰辊在改变该基底的运动方向期间支撑该基底。
27.根据实施方案21至26中任一项所述的系统,其中该第一支撑辊和该第二支撑辊中的至少一个相对于该基底的该运动方向成角度。
除非另外指明,否则说明书和权利要求中所使用的表达特征尺寸、量和物理特性的所有数字均应被理解为由术语“约”来修饰。因此,除非有相反的说明,否则在上述说明书和所附权利要求书中列出的数值参数均为近似值,这些近似值可根据本领域的技术人员利用本文所公开的教导内容来寻求获得的期望特性而变化。
本文中所引用的所有参考文献及出版物全文以引用方式明确地并入本公开中,但它们可能与本公开直接冲突的内容除外。虽然本文已经例示并描述了具体实施方案,但本领域的普通技术人员将会知道,在不脱离本公开范围的情况下,可用多种另选的和/或等同形式的具体实施来代替所示出和所描述的具体实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本文所讨论的具体实施方案的任何改型或变型。因此,本公开旨在仅受权利要求及其等同形式的限制。
Claims (20)
1.一种方法,包括:
使基底的第一表面上的第一边缘区域与第一支撑辊接合,其中所述第一支撑辊能够在轴的第一端部上旋转,并且其中所述基底的长度基本上大于所述基底的宽度;
使所述基底的所述第一表面上的第二边缘区域与第二支撑辊接合,其中所述第二支撑辊能够在所述轴的与其所述第一端部相反的第二端部上旋转,并且其中位于所述第一辊与所述第二辊之间并且构成所述基底的宽度的至少约50%的中心区域不受辊支撑;
在所述第一支撑辊和所述第二支撑辊之上传送所述基底;
重复下列步骤序列多次,以便足以在所述基底上形成薄膜:
(a)使所述基底暴露于第一前体;
(b)在将所述基底暴露于所述第一前体之后将反应性物质供应给所述基底以与所述第一前体反应;其中所述薄膜作为所述第一前体与所述反应性物质的反应产物形成;以及
将蒸气沉积在所述薄膜上以在所述薄膜上形成涂层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括在将所述蒸气沉积在所述薄膜上之前冷却所述基底。
3.根据权利要求1至2中任一项所述的方法,包括在将所述基底暴露于所述第一前体之前加热所述基底。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中所述基底的与其所述第一表面相反的第二表面基本上不接触所述反应性物质。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法,其中将所述蒸气沉积在所述薄膜上发生在所述薄膜接触覆盖所述基底的宽度的超过50%的固体表面之前。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,其中所述薄膜具有1nm至100nm的厚度。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法,其中重复步骤在步骤(b)之后还包括(c),使所述基底暴露于第二前体,以及(d)在将所述基底暴露于所述第二前体之后将反应性物质供应给所述基底。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法,还包括将所述支撑辊中的至少一个相对于所述基底的运动方向成角度取向。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法,其中所述反应性物质通过向化学化合物施加能量来生成。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法,其中所述反应性物质通过将化学化合物引入等离子体中来生成。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法,其中所述薄膜通过原子层沉积来沉积。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,还包括在沉积所述薄膜之前将蒸气沉积在所述基底上以在所述基底的所述第一表面上形成涂层。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的方法,还包括在将所述蒸气沉积在所述基底上之前通过供应等离子体来预处理所述基底的所述第一表面。
14.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的方法,还包括使所述涂层固化在所述薄膜或所述基底的所述第一表面上。
15.一种系统,包括
第一区,第一前体被引入所述第一区中;
第二区,第二前体被引入所述第二区中;
第三区,所述第三区位于所述第一区与所述第二区之间,并且反应性物质在所述第三区中生成;
基底传送机构,所述基底传送机构包括:接触所述基底的单一主表面的至少两个支撑辊,其中所述基底具有第一边缘和第二边缘,所述支撑辊包括:
第一支撑辊,所述第一支撑辊接触所述基底的第一边缘区域,以及
第二支撑辊,所述第二支撑辊接触所述基底的第二边缘区域,
其中所述基底包括位于所述第一支撑辊与所述第二支撑辊之间的构成所述基底的宽度的至少约50%的未接触区域;以及
蒸气处理系统,所述蒸气处理系统包括用于产生蒸气的蒸气源。
16.根据权利要求15所述的系统,还包括加热系统以加热所述基底。
17.根据权利要求15至16中任一项所述的系统,还包括冷却系统以冷却所述基底。
18.根据权利要求15至17中任一项所述的系统,还包括固化源,所述固化源被配置用于引发从所述蒸气沉积到所述基底上的液体单体或液体低聚物的聚合。
19.根据权利要求15至18中任一项所述的系统,还包括自由基发生器,所述自由基发生器用于将反应性物质供应给所述第三区。
20.根据权利要求15至19中任一项所述的系统,还包括惰辊,所述惰辊用于在改变所述基底的运动方向期间支撑所述基底。
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Also Published As
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EP3436620A1 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
US20190112711A1 (en) | 2019-04-18 |
KR20180130548A (ko) | 2018-12-07 |
JP2019513189A (ja) | 2019-05-23 |
WO2017172531A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
TW201802291A (zh) | 2018-01-16 |
SG11201808424UA (en) | 2018-10-30 |
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