CN104964496A - 用于监测压缩机过热的系统和方法 - Google Patents

用于监测压缩机过热的系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN104964496A
CN104964496A CN201510382548.1A CN201510382548A CN104964496A CN 104964496 A CN104964496 A CN 104964496A CN 201510382548 A CN201510382548 A CN 201510382548A CN 104964496 A CN104964496 A CN 104964496A
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compressor
temperature
control module
discharge
superheat
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CN104964496B (zh
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丹尼尔·L·麦克斯威尼
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Copeland LP
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/19—Calculation of parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/17—Speeds
    • F25B2700/171—Speeds of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21151—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the suction side of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21174—Temperatures of an evaporator of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21175—Temperatures of an evaporator of the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Abstract

提供了用于监测压缩机的过热状态的系统和方法。压缩机连接于蒸发器。吸入传感器输出吸入信号，该吸入信号对应于进入压缩机的制冷剂的温度。控制模块连接于吸入传感器。该控制模块基于压缩机的速度来确定蒸发器饱和温度，基于所述蒸发器饱和温度和所述吸入温度来计算吸入过热度温度，通过将所述吸入过热度温度与预定阈值进行比较来监测所述压缩机的回液状态，并在所述吸入过热度温度小于等于所述预定阈值时增大所述压缩机的速度或减小与所述压缩机相关联的膨胀阀的开度。

Description

用于监测压缩机过热的系统和方法
本申请是申请日为2008年10月8日、申请号为200880110616.7(PCT/US2008/011576)、发明名称为“用于监测压缩机过热的系统和方法”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
相关申请的交叉参引
本申请要求2008年10月7日提交的美国发明申请No.12/470,033以及2007年10月8日提交的美国临时申请No.60/978,312的权益。本申请还要求2007年10月8日提交的美国临时申请No.60/978,258的权益。以上各申请的全部公开内容通过参引结合在本文中。
技术领域
本公开涉及压缩机，并且更具体地，涉及用于监测压缩机的过热状态的系统和方法。
背景技术
本节中的陈述仅提供涉及本公开的背景信息，可能并不构成现有技术。
压缩机可用在各种各样的工业应用和住宅应用中，用于使制冷剂在冰箱、热泵、供暖通风与空调或制冷机系统(通常称为“制冷系统”)中循环以提供期望的加热或冷却效果。在前述任一应用中，压缩机应当提供一致而有效的操作来确保具体应用(即，冰箱、热泵、采暖通风与空调或制冷机系统)正常运行。可使用变速压缩机以根据制冷系统的负载来改变压缩机容量。保护、控制和诊断系统可利用压缩机和制冷系统的操作参数来确保压缩机和制冷系统部件的最适宜的操作。例如，可利用蒸发器温度和/或冷凝器温度来诊断、保护和控制压缩机和其它制冷系统部件。
发明内容
提供了一种系统，包括：压缩机，其连接于蒸发器；吸入传感器，其输出吸入信号，所述吸入信号对应于进入所述压缩机的制冷剂的温度；以及控制模块，其连接于所述蒸发器的传感器和所述吸入传感器，所述控制模块确定蒸发器温度，基于所述蒸发器温度和所述吸入信号来计算吸入过热度的温度，通过将所述吸入过热度与预定的吸入过热度阈值进行比较来监测所述压缩机的过热状态，并基于所述监测而调节所述压缩机的速度和与所述压缩机相关联的膨胀阀中的至少一个。
在其它特征中，当所述吸入过热度大于所述预定的吸入过热度阈值时，所述控制模块停止所述压缩机。
在其它特征中，所述预定的吸入过热度阈值是五十华氏度。
在其它特征中，所述控制模块判断所述吸入过热度是否在预定的吸入过热度范围内，所述预定的吸入过热度范围的上限对应于所述预定的吸入过热度阈值。
在其它特征中，所述预定的吸入过热度范围介于三十华氏度与五十华氏度之间，并且其中，所述预定的吸入过热度阈值是五十华氏度。
在其它特征中，在预定的时间段内，当所述控制模块判定所述吸入过热度在所述预定的吸入过热度范围内时，所述控制模块调节所述压缩机的速度。
提供了一种方法，包括：判定连接于压缩机的蒸发器的蒸发器温度；接收吸入信号，所述吸入信号对应于进入所述压缩机的制冷剂的温度；基于所述蒸发器温度和所述吸入信号来计算吸入过热度的温度；通过将所述吸入过热度与预定的吸入过热度阈值进行比较来监测所述压缩机的过热状态；以及基于所述监测来调节所述压缩机的速度和与所述压缩机相关联的膨胀阀中的至少一个。
在其它特征中，所述方法包括：当所述吸入过热度大于所述预定的吸入过热度阈值时，停止所述压缩机。
在其它特征中，所述预定的吸入过热度阈值是五十华氏度。
在其它特征中，所述方法包括：判断所述吸入过热度是否在预定的吸入过热度范围内，所述预定的吸入过热度范围的上限对应于所述预定的吸入过热度阈值。
在其它特征中，所述预定的吸入过热度范围介于三十华氏度与五十华氏度之间，并且，所述预定的吸入过热度阈值是五十华氏度。
在其它特征中，所述方法包括：在预定的时间段内，当所述吸入过热度在所述预定的吸入过热度范围内时，调节所述压缩机的速度。
从本文提供的描述，其它应用领域将变得显而易见。应当理解，这些描述及具体示例仅出于说明的目的而非意在限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
此处所描述的附图仅出于图示的目的，而并非意在以任何方式限制本公开的范围。
图1是制冷系统的示意图。
图2是压缩机的剖面图。
图3是示出用于根据本教示的算法的步骤的流程图。
图4是示出与吸入过热度和室外温度相关的排出过热度的图表。
图5是示出与蒸发器温度和冷凝器温度相关的排出管路温度的图表。
图6是示出压缩机的工作包线的图表。
具体实施方式
以下描述本质上仅是示例性的，而并非意图限制本公开、应用或用途。应当理解，附图中自始至终相应的附图标记指代相同或相应的部件和特征。
如本文所使用的，术语“模块”、“控制模块”以及“控制器”指的是以下各项中的一个或多个：专用集成电路(ASIC)、电子电路、执行一个或多个软件程序或固件程序的处理器(共享的、专用的、或群机的)和存储器、组合逻辑电路、或提供所述功能的其它适合的部件。如本文所使用的，计算机可读介质指的是能够存储计算机用数据的任何介质。计算机可读介质包括但不限于：内存、RAM、ROM、PROM、EPROM、EEPROM、闪存、CD-ROM、软盘、磁带、其它磁性介质、光学介质、或者能够存储计算机用数据的任何其它设备或介质。
参见图1，示例性制冷系统5包括压缩制冷剂蒸气的压缩机10。尽管图1中示出特定制冷系统，但是本教示可应用于任何制冷系统，包括热泵、采暖通风与空调(HVAC)和制冷机系统。来自压缩机10的制冷剂蒸气被输送至冷凝器12，在此制冷剂蒸气在高压下液化，从而将热量排放到外部空气。离开冷凝器12的液态制冷剂经膨胀阀14输送到蒸发器16。膨胀阀14可为用于控制制冷剂过热度的机械或电子阀。制冷剂通过膨胀阀14，在此压力下降使高压液态制冷剂成为低压液体和蒸气混合物。当热空气穿过蒸发器16时，低压液体变成气体，由此从蒸发器16带走热量。低压气体再被输送到压缩机10，在此被压缩成高压气体并被输送到冷凝器12，从而再次开始制冷循环。
压缩机10可由控制模块25监测和控制。控制模块25包括用于存储数据的计算机可读介质，所述数据包括由处理器执行的、用于监测和控制压缩机10并用于实现本教示的算法的软件。
如在题为“VARIABLE SPEED COMPRESSOR PROTECTIONSYSTEM AND METHOF(变速压缩机保护系统及方法)”的美国申请系列号No.60/978,258的公开文本——通过参引将其结合入本文——中描述的，可利用吸气过热度(SSH)来监测或预测压缩机10的过热状态。如本文所述，过热状态是不合期望的，并且可能对压缩机10、压缩机部件或制冷系统部件造成损害。
压缩机回液或过热状态是不合期望的并且可能对压缩机10或其它制冷系统部件造成损害。吸入过热度(SSH)和/或排出过热度(DSH)可能与压缩机10的回液或过热状态相关并且可以进行监测以检测和/或预测压缩机10的回液或过热状态。DSH是离开压缩机的制冷剂蒸气的温度(称为排出管路温度(DLT))与冷凝器饱和温度(Tcond)之间的温差。吸入过热度(SSH)是进入压缩机的制冷剂蒸气的温度(称为吸入管路温度(SLT))与蒸发器饱和温度(Tevap)之间的温差。
如图4所示，SSH和DSH可以是相关的。对于涡旋式压缩机而言，DSH和SSH之间的相关关系可特别精确，而外部环境温度仅为次要影响。如图4所示，示出了对于室外温度(ODT)为一百一十五华氏度、九十五华氏度、七十五华氏度以及五十五华氏度的DSH和SSH之间的相关关系。图4中所示的相关关系仅是示例性的，并且特定压缩机的特定相关关系会因压缩机类型、型号以及容量等而变化。
当SSH接近零华氏度或当DSH接近二十至四十华氏度时，可能出现回液状态。关于过热，当SSH介于三十华氏度和五十华氏度之间时，可能开始出现过热状态。当SSH大于五十华氏度或当DSH大于一百华氏度时，可能出现严重的过热状态。
在图4中，示出了针对示例性制冷剂充料程度的典型SSH温度。例如，随着制冷系统5中的制冷剂充料百分比减少，SSH通常增大。
参见图1，蒸发器16可包括能够感测蒸发器温度的蒸发器温度传感器40。可替代地，可使用蒸发器压力传感器。控制模块25接收来自蒸发器温度传感器40的蒸发温度(Tevap)。
吸入传感器34监测进入压缩机10的制冷剂的温度(即SLT)。可替代地，可使用吸入温度/压力传感器的组合。在这种情况下，由于可基于吸入压力而推导出或测出Tevap，所以控制模块25可从传感器的温度部分接收SLT和从传感器的压力部分接收Tevap。此外，如在题为“VARIABLE SPEED COMPRESSOR PROTECTION SYSTEM ANDMETHOD(变速压缩机保护系统及方法)”的美国申请序列号No.60/978,258的公开——通过参引将其结合入本文——中描述的，可从其它系统参数推导出Tevap。
例如，Tevap可作为Tcond和DLT的函数而推导出，如在共同受让的美国申请No.11/059,646、美国公开No.2005/0235660中描述的。对于变速压缩机，该相关关系还能够反映出压缩机速度。通过这种方式，Tevap可作为Tcond、DLT以及压缩机速度的函数而推导出。
如图5所示，示出了对于不同的Tcond水平，与DLT相关的Tevap。为此，可使用针对不同速度的压缩机特性线图(compressor map)数据。
可基于简单的推导而计算出Tcond和Tevap。
此外，可基于以下方程进行迭代计算：
方程1：Tcond＝f(压缩机功率，压缩机速度，Tevap)
方程2：Tevap＝f(Tcond，DLT，压缩机速度)
可对这些方程进行多次迭代以实现收敛。例如，三次迭代可提供较理想的收敛。如上所述，可使用较多次或较少次迭代，或者不迭代。
还可利用针对不同速度的压缩机特性线图数据并基于DLT和压缩机功率而基于以下方程来确定Tevap和Tcond：
方程3：Tevap＝f(压缩机功率，压缩机速度，DLT)
方程4：Tcond＝f(压缩机功率，压缩机速度，DLT)
控制模块25可计算Tevap或从传感器34的压力部分接收Tevap数据。然后，控制模块25可计算作为SLT和Tevap之差的SSH。
如图1所示，吸入传感器34位于压缩机10外部并且当制冷剂进入压缩机10的吸入口时监测制冷剂的温度。可替代地，可使用位于压缩机内部的吸入传感器。如图2所示，吸入传感器32可设置在压缩机10的机壳内。在这种情况下，SLT可经由接线盒24通过电连接而通信至控制模块25。
控制模块25可通过将SSH与预定的过热度阈值进行比较而监测压缩机10的过热状态。如图3所示，在步骤302，控制模块25接收SLT数据。在步骤304，控制模块25从蒸发器温度传感器40接收Tevap。在步骤306，控制模块25基于SLT和Tevap计算SSH。可替代地，可基于其它感测的参数来估测或推导Tevap，如在上文和题为“VARIABLE SPEED COMPRESSOR PROTECTION SYSTEM ANDMETHOD(变速压缩机保护系统及方法)”的美国申请序列号No.60/978,258的公开——通过参引将其结合入本文——中描述的。
在步骤308，控制模块将SSH与预定阈值进行比较以判断是否存在过热状态。
当SSH介于零华氏度与三十华氏度之间时，控制模块25可判定压缩机10在正常温度范围内运行。当SSH介于三十华氏度与五十华氏度之间时，控制模块25可检测出过热状态并采取响应措施。高于五十华氏度的SSH温度可表明包括压缩机涡旋体、轴承等在内的压缩机部件有被损坏的风险。
控制模块25还可在预定的时间段内判断SSH是否大于预定阈值。例如，控制模块25可在预定的时间段内判断何时SSH介于三十华氏度与五十华氏度之间或何时高于五十华氏度。例如，该预定时间段可以是几分钟(如一分钟、两分钟、五分钟等)。第一预定时间段(如五分钟)可用于监测SSH何时介于三十华氏度与五十华氏度之间。短于第一预定时间段的第二预定时间段(如一分钟或两分钟)可用于监测SSH何时大于五十华氏度。应当理解，任何时间段都可用来作为合适的时间段。
如在题为“VARIABLE SPEED COMPRESSOR PROTECTIONSYSTEM AND METHOD(变速压缩机保护系统及方法)”的美国申请序列号No.60/978,258的公开——通过参引将其结合入本文——中所述的，控制模块25可响应于过热状态而调节压缩机运行和/或调节膨胀阀14。在严重过热状态下，控制模块25可停止压缩机10的运行。控制模块25还可产生存在过热状态的警报或通知。
如图6所示，压缩机工作包线可提供最大回液和最大SSH限值。此外，在涡旋压缩机的情况下，可提供最大涡旋体温度限值(Tscroll)。此外，可提供最大马达温度(Tmotor)。如图6所示，可基于SSH而调节压缩机速度和膨胀阀14以确保压缩机运行处于压缩机工作包线以内。通过这种方式，可将SSH保持在如图6所示的可接受范围内。
例如，在SSH介于三十华氏度与五十华氏度之间时，控制模块25可降低压缩机速度或使膨胀阀14打开。当SSH大于五十华氏度时，控制模块25可停止压缩机25的运行。

Claims (38)

1.一种系统，包括：
压缩机，其连接于蒸发器；
吸入传感器，其输出吸入温度信号，所述吸入温度信号对应于进入所述压缩机的制冷剂的吸入温度；以及
控制模块，其连接于所述吸入传感器，所述控制模块基于所述压缩机的速度来确定蒸发器饱和温度，基于所述蒸发器饱和温度和所述吸入温度来计算吸入过热度温度，通过将所述吸入过热度温度与预定阈值进行比较来监测所述压缩机的回液状态，并在所述吸入过热度温度小于等于所述预定阈值时增大所述压缩机的速度或减小与所述压缩机相关联的膨胀阀的开度。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述预定阈值为零华氏度。
3.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述控制模块在所述吸入过热度温度小于等于所述预定阈值时增大所述压缩机的速度。
4.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述控制模块在所述吸入过热度温度小于等于所述预定阈值时减小所述膨胀阀的开度。
5.如权利要求1所述的系统，还包括连接于所述压缩机和所述蒸发器的冷凝器，其中，所述控制模块确定与离开所述压缩机的制冷剂的温度对应的排出管路温度，确定冷凝器饱和温度，并根据所述冷凝器饱和温度、所述排出管路温度和所述压缩机的速度来确定所述蒸发器饱和温度。
6.如权利要求5所述的系统，其中，所述控制模块接收压缩机功率数据，并根据所述压缩机功率数据、所述压缩机的速度和所述蒸发器饱和温度来确定所述冷凝器饱和温度。
7.如权利要求6所述的系统，其中，所述控制模块进行确定所述冷凝器饱和温度和所述蒸发器饱和温度的多次迭代以实现收敛。
8.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述控制模块确定与离开所述压缩机的制冷剂的温度对应的排出管路温度，接收压缩机功率数据，并根据所述压缩机功率数据、所述压缩机的速度和所述排出管路温度来确定所述蒸发器饱和温度。
9.如权利要求1所述的系统，还包括连接于所述压缩机和所述蒸发器的冷凝器，其中，所述控制模块确定冷凝器饱和温度，确定所述压缩机的质量流量，并根据所述压缩机的速度、所述冷凝器饱和温度和所述质量流量来确定所述蒸发器饱和温度。
10.一种方法，包括：
利用控制模块基于与蒸发器连接的压缩机的速度来确定所述蒸发器的蒸发器饱和温度；
利用所述控制模块来接收吸入温度信号，其中，所述吸入温度信号对应于进入所述压缩机的制冷剂的吸入温度；
利用所述控制模块基于所述蒸发器饱和温度和所述吸入温度来计算吸入过热度温度；
利用所述控制模块通过将所述吸入过热度与预定阈值进行比较来监测所述压缩机的回液状态；以及
当所述吸入过热度温度小于等于所述预定阈值时，利用所述控制模块来增大所述压缩机的速度或减小膨胀阀的开度。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述预定阈值为零华氏度。
12.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述控制模块在所述吸入过热度温度小于等于所述预定阈值时增大所述压缩机的速度。
13.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述控制模块在所述吸入过热度温度小于等于所述预定阈值时减小所述膨胀阀的开度。
14.如权利要求10所述的方法，还包括：利用所述控制模块来确定与离开所述压缩机的制冷剂的温度对应的排出管路温度，确定连接于所述蒸发器和所述压缩机的冷凝器的冷凝器饱和温度，并根据所述冷凝器饱和温度、所述排出管路温度和所述压缩机的速度来确定所述蒸发器饱和温度。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法，还包括：利用所述控制模块来接收压缩机功率数据，并根据所述压缩机功率数据、所述压缩机的速度和所述蒸发器饱和温度来确定所述冷凝器饱和温度。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法，还包括：进行确定所述冷凝器饱和温度和确定所述蒸发器饱和温度的多次迭代以实现收敛。
17.如权利要求10所述的方法，还包括：利用所述控制模块来确定与离开所述压缩机的制冷剂的温度对应的排出管路温度，接收压缩机功率数据，并根据所述压缩机功率数据、所述压缩机的速度和所述排出管路温度来确定所述蒸发器饱和温度。
18.如权利要求10所述的方法，还包括：利用所述控制模块来确定连接于所述蒸发器和所述压缩机的冷凝器的冷凝器饱和温度，确定所述压缩机的质量流量，并根据所述压缩机的速度、所述冷凝器饱和温度和所述质量流量来确定所述蒸发器饱和温度。
19.一种系统，包括：
压缩机，其连接于冷凝器；
排出传感器，其输出排出温度信号，所述排出温度信号对应于从所述压缩机排出的制冷剂的排出温度；以及
控制模块，其连接于所述排出传感器，所述控制模块接收压缩机功率数据和压缩机电流数据中的至少一者，基于所述压缩机功率数据和所述压缩机电流数据中的至少一者来确定饱和冷凝温度，基于所述饱和冷凝温度和所述排出温度来计算排出过热度温度，通过将所述排出过热度温度与阈值进行比较来监测所述压缩机的回液状态，并在所述排出过热度温度小于等于所述阈值时增大所述压缩机的速度或减小与所述压缩机相关联的膨胀阀的开度。
20.如权利要求19所述的系统，其中，所述控制模块另外基于所述压缩机的速度来确定所述饱和冷凝温度。
21.如权利要求19所述的系统，其中，所述控制模块基于所述压缩机功率数据来确定所述饱和冷凝温度。
22.如权利要求19所述的系统，其中，所述控制模块基于所述压缩机电流数据来确定所述饱和冷凝温度。
23.如权利要求19所述的系统，其中，所述排出传感器在所述压缩机的外部。
24.如权利要求23所述的系统，其中，所述排出传感器安装在所述压缩机的排放出口上。
25.如权利要求19所述的系统，其中，所述排出传感器在所述压缩机的内部。
26.如权利要求25所述的系统，其中，所述压缩机为具有互相啮合的涡旋体的涡旋压缩机，并且，所述排出传感器感测离开所述互相啮合的涡旋体的制冷剂的温度。
27.如权利要求26所述的系统，其中，所述排出传感器位于所述涡旋压缩机的上部定涡旋体中。
28.如权利要求19所述的系统，其中，所述控制模块在所述排出过热度温度小于等于所述阈值时限制所述压缩机的速度范围。
29.一种方法，包括：
利用控制模块来接收连接于冷凝器的压缩机的压缩机功率数据和压缩机电流数据中的至少一者；
利用排出传感器来输出排出温度信号，其中，所述排出温度信号对应于从所述压缩机排出的制冷剂的排出温度；
利用所述控制模块来接收来自所述排出传感器的所述排出温度信号；
利用所述控制模块基于所述压缩机功率数据和所述压缩机电流数据中的至少一者来确定饱和冷凝温度；
利用所述控制模块基于所述饱和冷凝温度和所述排出温度来计算排出过热度温度；
利用所述控制模块通过将所述排出过热度温度与阈值进行比较来监测所述压缩机的回液状态；以及
当所述排出过热度温度小于等于所述阈值时，利用所述控制模块来增大所述压缩机的速度或减小膨胀阀的开度。
30.如权利要求29所述的方法，其中，确定所述饱和冷凝温度还包括基于所述压缩机的速度来确定所述饱和冷凝温度。
31.如权利要求29所述的方法，其中，确定所述饱和冷凝温度包括基于所述压缩机功率数据来确定所述饱和冷凝温度。
32.如权利要求29所述的方法，其中，确定所述饱和冷凝温度包括基于所述压缩机电流数据来确定所述饱和冷凝温度。
33.如权利要求29所述的方法，其中，所述排出传感器在所述压缩机的外部。
34.如权利要求33所述的方法，其中，所述排出传感器安装在所述压缩机的排放出口上。
35.如权利要求29所述的方法，其中，所述排出传感器在所述压缩机的内部。
36.如权利要求35所述的方法，其中，所述压缩机为具有互相啮合的涡旋体的涡旋压缩机，并且，所述排出传感器感测离开所述互相啮合的涡旋体的制冷剂的温度。
37.如权利要求36所述的方法，其中，所述排出传感器位于所述涡旋压缩机的上部定涡旋体中。
38.如权利要求29所述的方法，还包括：当所述排出过热度温度小于等于所述阈值时，利用所述控制模块来限制所述压缩机的速度范围。
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