CN1035295A - 腺苷衍生物 - Google Patents
腺苷衍生物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1035295A CN1035295A CN88108757A CN88108757A CN1035295A CN 1035295 A CN1035295 A CN 1035295A CN 88108757 A CN88108757 A CN 88108757A CN 88108757 A CN88108757 A CN 88108757A CN 1035295 A CN1035295 A CN 1035295A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- salt
- hydroxyl
- cyclopentyl
- formula
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 150000003835 adenosine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N adenosine Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000002126 C01EB10 - Adenosine Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229960005305 adenosine Drugs 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 2-hydroxyl cyclopentyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GYWXTRVEUURNEW-TVDBPQCTSA-N (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-[6-[[(1S,2S)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl]amino]-9-purinyl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C2=NC=NC(N[C@@H]3[C@H](CCC3)O)=C2N=C1 GYWXTRVEUURNEW-TVDBPQCTSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- GYWXTRVEUURNEW-QDYOZFCWSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[(1r,2r)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C2=NC=NC(N[C@H]3[C@@H](CCC3)O)=C2N=C1 GYWXTRVEUURNEW-QDYOZFCWSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GYWXTRVEUURNEW-CYZRSLADSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[(1r,2s)-2-hydroxycyclopentyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C2=NC=NC(N[C@H]3[C@H](CCC3)O)=C2N=C1 GYWXTRVEUURNEW-CYZRSLADSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 64
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 60
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 44
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
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- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002342 ribonucleoside Substances 0.000 description 10
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XCIXKGXIYUWCLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanol Chemical compound OC1CCCC1 XCIXKGXIYUWCLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7H-purine Chemical compound N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- IUYHWZFSGMZEOG-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;propane;chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].C[CH-]C IUYHWZFSGMZEOG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000654 isopropylidene group Chemical group C(C)(C)=* 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
通式(I)化合物或其盐或溶剂化物,式中R代表由羟基取代的和由C1-6烷基选择性取代的环戊环。
该新化合物已发现有抗脂解活性。
同时也介绍了制备通式(I)化合物和含它们的组合物的方法。
Description
本发明涉及新的腺苷衍生物,其制备方法,含它们的组合物和它们的药物用途。本发明尤其涉及用作脂解抑制剂的化合物。
本发明提供了通式(Ⅰ)化合物和其生理适用盐和溶剂化物;
其中R代表由羟基取代和可任选由C1-6烷基取代的环戊基环。
可以理解,当R含一或多个不对称碳原子时,本发明包括所有由此产生的非对映异构体和它们的混合物。
举例来说,R有:2-羟基环戊基,2-羟基-2-甲基环戊基和3-羟基环戊基。
当R由C1-6烷基取代时,优选的取代基是C1-8烷基(如甲基)。
通式(Ⅰ)化合物的生理适用盐包括与无机酸和有机酸形成的盐,如硫酸盐、磷酸盐、苯甲酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐,对一甲苯磺酸盐,甲磺酸盐,氨基磺酸盐,抗坏血酸盐,酒石酸盐,柠檬酸盐,马来酸盐,水杨酸盐,富马酸盐,琥珀酸盐,乳酸盐,戊二酸盐,戊烯二酸盐,乙酸盐和丙三羧酸盐。溶剂化物例如有水合物。
R代表2-羟基环戊或2-羟基-2-甲基环戊基的通式(Ⅰ)化合物是特别优选的通式(Ⅰ)化合物。
本发明优选的化合物是:
N-〔(1S,反式)-2-羟基环戊基〕腺苷;
N-〔(1R,反式)-2-羟基环戊基〕腺苷;
和它们的混合物;
N-(顺式-2-羟基环戊基)腺苷;
N-(2β-羟基-2-甲基环戊基)腺苷;
和它们的生理适用盐和溶剂化物。
本发明特别优选的化合物是:
N-〔(1S,反式)-2-羟基环戊基)腺苷和N-〔(1R,反式)-2-羟基环戊基〕腺苷和它们的混合物,尤其是N-〔(1S,反式)-2-羟基环戊基)腺苷及它们的生理适用盐和溶剂化物。
动物试验表明本发明化合物是脂解抑制剂,即它们能降低血中游离脂肪酸浓度。因此,该化合物可用于治疗高脂血。另外,由于本发明化合物具有抗脂解活性,该化合物能降低升高的血糖和酮体水平,因此具有治疗糖尿病的价值。因为抗脂解剂有低脂血和血纤维蛋白过少活性,因此该化合物也可显示出抗动脉粥样硬化活性。
本发明化合物通过口服给禁食小鼠能降低其未酯化的脂肪酸浓度,这一点可说明其抗脂解活性。
本发明化合物除有抗脂解作用外,还能通过降低心率和传导独立地影响心脏功能。因此该化合物可用于治疗许多心血管疾病,如心律失常,尤其是其后的心肌梗塞形成,以及心胶痛。该化合物也可抑制血管紧张肽原酶释放,因此可用于治疗高血压和心力衰竭。该化合物也可用作CNS剂(如安眠药,镇静药,止痛药和/或抗惊厥药)。
因此,本发明提供的通式(Ⅰ)化合物或其生理适用盐或其溶剂化物可用于治疗人或动物所患下述疾病:对于这种疾病,降低血中游离脂肪酸浓度和/或降低心率和传导有利于其治疗。
本发明的另一方面是提供了治疗人或动物所患下述疾病的方法:对于这种疾病,降低血中游离酸浓度和/或降低心效和传导有利于其治疗,该方法包括:给患者服用有效量的通式(Ⅰ)化合物或其生理适用盐或其溶剂化物。
可以理解,所谓治疗包括预防以及缓解已有的症状。
本发明再一方面是提供了药物组合物,该组合物至少含有一种通式(Ⅰ)化合物或其生理适用盐或其溶剂化物作活性成分和药用载体或赋形剂。该组合物可按常规方法使用一或多种生理适用载体和/或赋形体配成。
本发明组合物可以制成用于口服、向颊、非肠道或肠道给药的形式或配制成适用于吸入或吹入法给药的形式。优选口服。
对人(体重约70Kg)给予本发明化合物的推荐剂量为每单位剂量2mg至2g活性成分,优选10mg至1g活性成分,每日服用例如1至4次。可以理解,根据患者的年龄和状况可能需要对给药剂量进行常规的调整。给药剂量也取决于给药的途径。
本发明还有一方面是用通式(Ⅰ)化合物或其生理适用盐或其溶剂化物来制备用于治疗人或动物所患下述疾病的药物:对于这种疾病降低血中游离脂肪酸浓度和/或降低心率和传导有利于其治疗。
通式(Ⅰ)化合物和其生理适用盐或其溶剂化物可通过下文所述方法制备,该方法构成了本发明又一方面。在下面的说明中,除非另有说明,R如通式(Ⅰ)化合物中所定义。
根据方法(A),通式(Ⅰ)化合物可如下制备:在碱性条件下,通式(Ⅱ)化合物或其保护起来的衍生物〔其中L代表离去基团,如卤原子(如氯原子),或三甲基甲硅烷氧基]与通式RNH2
化合物或其盐或其保护的衍生物反应,接着在需要时按例如方法(D)所述除去所有保护基。通式(Ⅱ)化合物和RNH2可按后面所述来保护。因此,通式(Ⅱ)化合物可保护成例如异丙亚基,三苯甲酰基或三乙酰基衍生物,通式RNH2化合物可保护成N-苄基衍生物。
该反应一般在下述条件下进行:不加溶剂或加溶剂、如醇(如低级烷醇,如丙-2-醇或叔丁醇),醚(如四氢呋喃或二噁烷),取代的酰胺(如二甲基甲酰胺),卤代烃(如氯仿)或乙腈,最好在较高温度(如达到溶剂的回流温度),有适宜的除酸剂存在,如无机碱,象碳酸钠或碳酸钾,或有机碱,如三乙胺,二异丙基乙胺或吡啶或烯释氧(如环氧乙烷或环氧丙烷)。
通式(Ⅱ)化合物和RNH2及它们的保护的衍生物是已知的或可通过后面所述的常规方法制备。
根据方法(B),通式(Ⅰ)化合物可通过重排通式(Ⅲ)化合物或其保护的衍生物制备,具体方法是:
在溶剂中,如醇水溶液(如乙醇),在碱存在下,如碱金属氢氧化物(如氢氧化钠)或碱金属碳酸盐(如碳酸钠),加热通式(Ⅲ)化合物,在需要时,随后脱去任何保护基。该反应一般在50-100℃温度范围内进行。
通式(Ⅲ)化合物和其保护的衍生物可如下制备:将通式(Ⅳ)化合物或其保护的衍生物与强碱如格氏试剂(如异丙基氯化镁)反应,随后与能引入所要的基团R的烷基化剂反应,
如合适的卤代醇或环氧化物。例如,当R是2-羟基环戊基时,该化合物可是环戊烯化氧(Cyclopentoneoxide)。
通式(Ⅳ)化合物和其保护的衍生物是已知化合物或可通过常规方法制备。
根据本发明方法(c),通式(Ⅰ)化合物可如下制备:首先氢化通式(Ⅴ)化合物或其保护的衍生物,
其中X代表氢原子,R′代表由羟基取代的和可任选由C1-6烷基取代的环戊基环;或X代表氯原子,R′代表示前述定义的R;如果需要,随后脱去任何保护基。当X代表氯原子时,氢化是在除酸剂如乙酸钠存在下进行的。
方法(c)中的氢化可按常规方法进行,如在贵金属催化剂(如钯,阮内镍,铂或铑)存在下加氢。催化剂可负载于活性炭或氧化铝上,另外也可采用均匀催化剂如氯化三(三苯基膦)铑。氢化一般在1至10大气压下,-20℃至+100℃范围内,在溶剂中,如醇(甲醇或乙醇),醚(如四氢呋喃或二噁烷),酯(如乙酸乙酯)或水,或溶剂混合物(如这些溶剂中两个或多个组成的混合物)中进行。
X代表氢原子的通式(Ⅴ)化合物和其保护的衍生物可采用方法(A)中的条件,通过将通式(Ⅱ)化合物或其保护的衍生物与R′如前述定义的通式R′NH2化合物或其盐反应来制备。
X代表氯原子的通式(Ⅴ)化合物可通过与方法(A)相似的方法制备,例如采用方法(A)中条件,将2,6-二氯嘌呤-β-D-核苷或其保护的衍生物与通式RNH2化合物或其盐或其保护的衍生物反应来制备通式(Ⅴ)化合物。
应当理解,在上述各反应中,可能需要或希望将所涉及的化合物中的敏感基团保护起来,以避免副反应发生。例如,可能有必要保护式Ⅱ-Ⅴ的化合物中的羟基,或保护式RNH2化合物的氮原子。
适宜的羟基保护基有:酰基(如烃基羰基,象乙酰基,苯甲酰基,新戊酰基和辛酰基);烷基(如甲基,叔丁基和甲氧甲基);芳烷基(如苄基,二苯甲基,三苯甲基和对一甲氧苯基二苯基甲基);以及甲硅烷基(如三烷基甲硅烷基,象叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)。另外,两个相邻的羟基可用亚烷基(如亚异丙基)或二硅氧烷基(如1,1,3,3-四异丙基二硅氧-1,3-二基)。通式(Ⅱ)、(Ⅲ)、(Ⅳ)和(Ⅴ)化合物的特别适宜的保护的衍生物是亚异丙基,三乙酰基,三苯甲酰基和三叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基衍生物。
用于通式RNH2化合物的适宜的N-保护基有:芳甲基(如苄基);酰基(如乙酰基);以及甲硅烷基(如三甲基甲硅烷基)。
根据方法(D),通式(Ⅰ)化合物可通过从通式(Ⅰ)化合物的保护的衍生物中脱去保护基来制备。脱保护可按常规方法进行,如见T.W.Greene的“有机合成中的保护基”一文(John Wileg和Scons,1981)。
例如,OH的酰基保护基可在碱(如碳酸钾,叔丁胺,或氨)存在下,用甲醇脱去,亚异丙基可通过酸催化水解(如用三氟乙酸或磺酸)脱去。叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基可通过碱水解(如,用在乙醇中的氢氧化钠)脱去。
N-苄基可按例如方法(C)中所述,在催化剂(如附着在活性炭上的钯)存在下,通过氢解脱去。N-酰基(如乙酰基)或三甲基甲硅烷基可在酸性或碱性条件下(如用稀盐酸或氢氧化钠)脱去。
通式(Ⅰ)化合物的单一非对映体可用常规方法获得,例如按照本文所述的任一种方法,采用合适的不对称原料进行合成,或者在适宜时,采用常规方法(如分级结晶法或色谱法)分离通式(Ⅰ)化合物的异构体混合物。
在上述的一般方法中,所得到的通式(Ⅰ)化合物可以盐形式制得,尤宜是生理适用盐的形式。但可以理解的是,有毒性的盐可用作制备通式(Ⅰ)化合物的生理适用盐的中间体。
式(Ⅰ)化合物的生理上适用的盐可以这样制得:使式(Ⅰ)化合物与适宜的酸或碱反应,反应在适宜溶剂中进行,这些溶剂有乙腈、丙酮、氯仿、乙酸乙酯或醇(例如甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇)。
还可以采用常用的方法,从式(Ⅰ)化合物的其它盐,包括其它生理上适宜的盐制得生理上适宜的盐。
下面用中间体实例及实施例进一步说明本发明。在这些实施例中,提到有机萃取液时,指的都是用无水硫酸钠干燥过的。薄层色谱分离(t.l.c)都是在硅胶上进行的。除另有说明的以外,柱色谱分离都是在硅胶(Morck 7734)上进行的;用来吸附反应混合物的硅胶也是Morck7734,另有说明的除外,闪式柱色谱分离(FCC)是在硅胶(Merck9385)上进行的。硅酸镁载体(Florisil)为60-100目(得BDH)。实例中使用以下缩写:系统A-二氯甲烷∶乙醇∶0.88氨溶液;系统B-乙酸乙酯∶甲醇∶DEA(N,N-二异丙基乙胺);THF-四氢呋喃。′H核磁共振谱数据是用样品的稀二甲亚砜溶液在250MHz下测得的。
中间体实例1
3-氮杂-2-氧杂双环〔2.2.1〕庚烷-3-羧酸苯甲酯。
在4℃将偶氮二酰胺(5.0g)与氢氧化钾(7.0g)的水(12ml)溶液一起搅拌。在冰浴中搅拌1小时后混合物用冰/水(30ml)稀释,并过滤溶液。溶液用冷(2℃)乙醇(100ml)稀释,滤去析出的固体,用乙醇、甲醇及乙醚洗,得偶氮二甲酸钾(6.9g)。再将此化合物与3-氮杂-2-氧杂双环〔2.2.1〕庚-5-烯-3-酸酸苯甲酯(0.82g)在无水吡啶中相混合,并在室温及搅拌下加入乙酸(2.02g)。1小时后,加入另一份冰乙酸(2.02g),反应混合物搅拌15.5小时,减压蒸发混合物至干,然后再次加入乙酸,除去剩余的黄色二酰胺前体。使剩余物在0.5M柠檬酸(75ml)和乙酸乙酯(75ml)间分配;分离出有机相,干燥,真空浓缩。残余物用FCC法纯化,洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯∶环己烷(1∶2),得油状标题化合物(0.69g)。
T.l.c.(环己烷∶乙酸乙酯,2∶1)Rf0.25
中间体实例2
N-(顺-3-羟环戊基)氨基甲酸苯甲酯
将3-氮杂-2-氧杂双环〔2.2.1〕庚烷-3-羧酸苯甲酯(0.5g)的冰乙酸(0.5ml)溶液加到搅拌下的锌粉(0.35g)在乙酸与水的混合物(1∶1,4ml)中的悬浮液内,混合物在60℃搅拌7.5小时。再加入一些锌粉(0.14g)和乙酸(1ml),继续搅拌16.5小时。将混合物冷至室温。过滤,过量的锌用2M盐酸(20ml)洗。合并的滤液和洗涤液用8%碳酸钠中和,用乙酸乙酯(3×30ml)萃取。有机萃取液合并后用盐水(30ml)洗,干燥,真空浓缩。用FCC法纯化,以乙酸乙酯∶环己烷(1∶1)洗脱,得一油状物(120mg),此油状物静置时固化,用环己烷对之进行重结晶,得标题化合物(70mg),熔点62-63℃。
中间体实例3
反-N-〔3-(甲酰氧基)环戊基〕氨基甲酸苯甲酯
在室温及氨气保护下,将偶氮二甲酸二乙酯(1.78g)滴加到搅拌下的N-(顺-3-羟环戊基)氨基甲酸苯甲酯(1.19g),三苯膦(2.68g)以及甲酸(0.47g)在THF(65ml)中的溶液内。所得溶液搅拌2小时,浓缩,得一残余物。在约-10℃及氮气保护下在乙醚(20ml)中搅拌此残余物1小时。混合物用环己烷(20ml)稀释;滤出固体,用乙醚∶环己烷(1∶1,3×约20ml)洗。滤液与洗涤液合并后予以浓缩,所得残余物用FCC法纯化(用乙酸乙酯∶环己烷(2∶3)洗脱,得标题化合物(1.18g),熔点45-48℃。
中间体实例4
反-3-氨基环戊醇盐酸盐
在室温下,将反N-〔3-(甲酰氧基)环戊基〕氨基甲酸苯甲酯(1.1g)在乙醇(40ml)中的溶液与碳酸钾(0.25g)一起搅拌1小时。过滤混合物,真空浓缩之。将所得半固体溶于乙酸乙酯(50ml),过滤,真空浓缩滤液,留下一固体状物。此固体在乙醇(50ml)中,以5%坡钯木炭(200mg)作催化剂在1大气压下氢化20小时。催化剂换以新鲜的5%坡钯木炭(200mg),继续氢化20小时。过滤反应混合物,真空浓缩滤液。残余物用FCC法(以系统A(40∶40∶1)洗脱),得一油状物(0.26g)。此油状物用乙醇(40ml)稀释,用3M氯化氢乙醇溶液酸化,真空浓缩,得标题化合物(0.34g)。
T.l.c(系统A,40∶10∶1)Rf0.1
中间体实例5
1,6-二氢-1-(反-2-羟环戊基)-6-亚氨基-9-〔〔2,3,5-三-O-(1,1-二甲基乙基)二甲基甲硅烷基〕-3-D-呋喃核糖基〕-9H-嘌呤
将异丙基氯化镁(2.0M THF溶液;1.23ml)加到冷却下的2′,3′,5′-三-O-〔(1,1-二甲基乙基)二甲基甲硅烷基〕腺苷在无水THF(20ml)中的溶液内。搅拌15分钟后,加入环戊烯化氧(cyelopenteneoxide)(0.206g)在无水THF(5ml)中的溶液,所得溶液加热回流3天。加入乙酸乙酯(50ml)及水(50ml),分离各相。有机相用水(50ml)洗,干燥,减压浓缩。残余物用柱色谱法(以系统A(800∶40∶1)洗脱),得泡沫状标题化合物(0.56g)。
T.l.c.(系统A,800∶40∶1)Rf0.54
中间体实例6
N-〔(1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕-2′,3′-O-〔1-甲基亚乙基〕腺苷
在氮气保护下,将6-氯-9-〔2′,3′-O-(1-甲基亚乙基)-3-D-呋喃核糖基〕嘌呤(12.64g)、DEA(29.67g)和氯仿(250ml)的混合物搅拌并加热回流20小时。将所得溶液冷至约20℃,用1M柠檬酸水溶液(2×150ml)洗。水层合并后用氯仿(2×100ml)反萃取,有机层合并后减压浓缩,得一泡沫体,向泡沫体中加入乙酸异丙酯(750ml),所得溶液减压浓缩到500ml,得一浆状物,将其冷至5℃。过滤分离出固体,用乙酸异丙酯(2×50ml)洗,在40℃真空干燥,得标题化合物(24.8g),熔点177-178℃。
中间体实例7
2′,3′,5′-三-O-乙酰-N-〔(1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷
将2′,3′,5′-三-O-乙酰-6-氯嘌呤-β-D-核糖核苷(1.06g),(1S,反)-2-氨基环戊醇盐酸盐(0.41g)与碳酸氢钠(0.50g)在异丙醇(12ml)中的混合物加热回流4小时。使混合物蒸发,残余物用柱色谱法〔用系统B(50∶1)洗脱〕,得标题化合物(0.71g),为玻璃体。
T.l.c.(系统B,50∶1)Rf0.21
中间体实例8
N-〔(1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕-N-(苯甲基)腺苷
在氮气保护下,将6-氯嘌呤-β-D-核糖核苷(688mg)、(1S,反)-2-〔(苯甲基)氨基〕环戊醇(516mg)及DEA(0.67g)在异丙醇中的混合物搅拌并加热回流7天。然后,混合物用硅胶吸附,并用柱色谱法〔以系统A(75∶8∶1)洗脱〕纯化,得一泡沫体(0.86g)。此泡沫体再次以柱色谱法〔用乙酸乙酯∶乙醇(4∶1)洗脱〕,得一油状物(700mg)。将油状物溶于乙酸乙酯(10ml)中,将所得溶液倒入环己烷(30ml),得标题化合物(597mg),为一固体。
T.l.c.(系统A,75∶8∶1)Rf0.21
中间体实例9
N-(顺-2-羟环戊-4-烯基)腺苷
将6-氯嘌呤-β-核糖核苷(2.01g)、顺-2-羟基环戊-4-烯基胺盐酸盐(1.42g)、DEA(3.19g)及异丙醇(100ml)的混合物加热回流22小时。所得溶液用硅胶吸附并用柱色谱法〔以系统B(5∶1)洗脱〕纯化,得标题化合物(1.7g),为泡沫体。
T.l.c.〔系统A,50∶8∶1〕Rf0.11
元素分析,C15H19N5O5·0.9H2O
理论:C,49.3;H,5.7;N,19.2
实测:C,49.5;H,5.6;N,18.9%
中间体实例10
2-氯-N-〔(1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷
在氮气保护下,将2,6-二氯-9-(2′,3′,5′-三-O-苯甲酰-β-D-呋喃核糖基)-9H-嘌呤(1.68g),(1S,反)-2-氨基环戊醇盐酸盐(380mg)及DEA(1.4ml)在异丙醇(25ml)中的混合物搅拌并加热回流5.5小时。真空浓缩混合物,残余物溶于甲醇(25ml)中,所得溶液用氨水(2ml)处理。所得混合物搅拌16小时,然后真空浓缩。残余物用柱色谱法〔以系统A(75∶8∶1)洗脱〕纯化,得一泡沫体(570mg)。将此泡沫体溶于乙酸乙酯(10ml)中,把所得溶液倒入环己烷(80ml)中,得一固体。此固体与结晶母液合并,真空浓缩,残余物溶于氨的甲醇溶液,(10ml)中。静置溶液4天,蒸气浓缩之,得一油状物(570mg)。此油状物用柱色谱法〔用系统A(50∶8∶1)洗脱〕纯化,得标题化合物(212mg)。
T.l.c.(系统A,50∶8∶1)Rf0.16
元素分析,C15H20ClN3O5·0.5C2H6O·0.6H2O
计算:C,45.85;H,5.7;N,16.7
实测:C,45.9;H,5.55;N,16.7%
实施例1
N-〔(1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷
将6-氯嘌呤-β-D-核糖核苷(2.87g)与(1S,反)-2-氨基环戊醇盐酸盐(1.38g)的混合物在含有DEA(3.87g)的100ml异丙醇(100ml)中加热回流18小时。溶液冷却后加入硅胶(20g),减压蒸发所得混悬液。把干燥了的载体加到硅胶(250g)柱中,用系统B(9∶1)洗脱。收集洗脱液的适宜部分,对之进行减压蒸发,得一白色粉末。自乙酸乙酯和甲醇结晶后,得标题化合物白色粉末(2.3g),熔点163-164℃。
T.l.c.(系统B,9∶1)Rf0.23
实施例2
N-〔(1R,反)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷
将6-氯嘌呤-β-D-核糖核苷(2.87g)与(1R,反)-2-氨基环戊醇盐酸盐(1.38g)的混合物在含有DEA(3.87g)的异丙醇(100ml)中加热回流18小时。冷却后,析出粉末,将其滤出,用丙-2-醇(50ml)洗,真空干燥,得标题化合物(2.35g),熔点235-236℃。
T.l.c.(系统B,9∶1)Rf0.23
实施例3
N-(2β-羟基-2-甲基环戊基)腺苷
将6-氯嘌呤-β-D-核糖核苷(1.0g)与反-2-氨基-1-甲基环戊醇盐酸盐(0.55g)的混合物在含有DEA(1.35g)的异丙醇(50ml)中加热回流24小时。混悬液用硅胶吸附,用柱色谱法(以系统B(9∶1)洗脱)纯化,得一粉末状物。自乙酸异丙酯和甲醇中结晶后,得到标题化合物(0.75g)。
T.l.C.(系统B,9∶1)Rf0.35
元素分析,C16H23N5O5·0.1C5H10O2·0.75H2O
计算:C,51.1;H,6.5;N,18.05;
实测:C,50.9;H,6.6;N,18.0%
实施例4
N-(顺-3-羟环戊基)腺苷
在异丙醇中回流搅拌6-氯嘌呤-β-D-核糖核苷(1.0g)、顺-3-氨基环戊醇(0.48g)和DEA(0.96g)30小时。让溶液冷至室温,真空浓缩之。以系统A(50∶10∶1)洗脱进行FCC法纯化,得标题化合物(0.9g)泡沫体。
T.l.c.(系统A,50∶10∶1)Rf0.4
元素分析,C15H21N5O5·0.5H2O·0.2C4H8O2
计算:C,50.1;H,6.2;N,19.0;
实测:C,50.3;H,6.3;N,18.9%
实施例5
N-(顺-2-羟环戊基)腺苷
将N-(顺-2-羟环戊-4-烯基)腺苷(1.6g)、5%披钯炭(0.3g)和乙醇(80ml)的混合物在氢存在下搅拌20小时。过滤所得混合物,蒸发滤液。残余物溶于甲醇(50ml),蒸发溶液,得标题化合物(1.2g)泡沫体。
T.l.c.(系统A,30∶8∶1)Rf0.30
元素分析,C15H21N5O5·0.3CH4O·0.5H2O
计算:C,49.6;H,6.3;N,18.9;
实测:C,49.6;H,6.15;N,19.1皆
实施例6
N-(反-2-羟环戊基)腺苷
将6-氯嘌呤-β-D-核糖核苷(1.15g)、反-2-氨基环戊醇(0.41g)、三乙胺(0.08g)和异丙醇(50ml)的混合物加热回流20小时。再加入一部分反-2-氨基环戊醇(0.08g)和三乙胺(0.08g),继续加热4小时。所得混合物用硅胶吸附以系统A(30∶8∶1)洗脱进行柱色谱分离纯化,得一固体(0.48g)。此固体再次以柱色谱法(用系统B(12∶1)洗脱)纯化得一泡沫体。此泡沫体用乙醚研磨,得标题化合物(0.31g),为两种非对映异构体的2∶1混合物。
T.l.c.(系统B,12∶1)Rf0.35
元素分析,C15H21N5O5·0.17(C2H5)2O·0.5H2O
计算:C,50.5;H,6.4;N,18.8;
实测:C,50.8;H,6.25;N,18.8%
实施例7
N-(反-3-羟环戊基)腺苷
在异丙醇(30ml)中回流搅拌6-氯嘌呤-β-D-核糖核苷(0.63g)、反-3-氨基环戊醇盐酸盐(0.3g)和DEA(0.63g)3.5天。让反应混合物冷至室温,析出沉淀,加甲醇将沉淀溶解。溶液用硅胶(Merck9385)吸附,用系统B(3∶1)洗脱进行FCC法纯化,得一粉状物。最后在硅胶(Merck7734)上进行柱色谱法纯化,以系统B(3∶1)洗脱,得标题化合物(44mg),熔点208-210℃,为两种非对映异构体的52∶48混合物。
实施例8
N-〔(1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷富马酸盐(1∶1)
把富马酸(1.2g)加到回流下的N-〔(1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷(7.03g)在异丙醇(105ml)中的溶液内。过滤所得热溶液,使滤液冷却、结晶。2小时后,在20℃过滤分离出结晶产物,用异丙醇(10ml)洗,在50℃真空干燥20小时,得标题化合物(6.5g),熔点179-180℃。此盐的色谱特性与相应游离碱的可靠样品一致。
实施例9
N-〔(1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷(1S)-(+)-10-樟脑磺酸盐
在氮气保护下,加热回流N-〔(1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷(3.51g和(1S)-(+)-10樟脑磺酸(2.44g)在异丙醇(35ml)中的混合物,直到得一清澈溶液为止。溶液用乙酸异丙酯(50ml)稀释,在搅拌下将混合物冷至约25℃。过滤分离出所得结晶固体,用异丙醇∶乙酸异丙酯(1∶2,2×15ml)洗,在40℃真空干燥,得5.31g标题化合物,熔点150-152℃。
元素分析,C25H31N5O9S
计算:C,51.4;H,6.4;N,12.0;S5.5;
实测:C,51.25;H,6.7;N,11.9;S,5.3%
实施例10
N-〔(1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷
在氮气保护下,将6-氯-9-〔2′,3′-O-(1-甲基亚乙基)-β-D-呋喃核糖基〕嘌呤(8.0g)、(1S,反)-2-氨基环戊醇盐酸盐(4.0g)、DEA(12.7ml)、氯仿(70ml)和异丙醇(10ml)的混合物在搅拌下加热回流18小时。将溶液冷至25℃,用1M柠檬酸(2×80ml)洗;各水层按序用氯仿(2×40ml)反萃取。合并的氯仿溶液用1M硫酸(50ml+25ml)萃取。酸萃取液按序用氯仿(40ml)洗。合并的硫酸溶液在20℃静置2小时。酸溶液中加入碳酸钾(50g),混合物用异丙醇(2×50ml)萃取。异丙醇萃取液合并后减压浓缩,所得油状物用甲醇(50ml)稀释,再次浓缩。残余物在回流下溶于甲醇中,加入乙酸乙酯(80ml)。溶液过滤后搅拌以引发结晶。4小时后过滤分离出结晶固体,用乙酸乙酯(20ml)洗,在40℃真空干燥,得标题化合物(4.81g),熔点162-163℃。其色谱特性与可靠样品的一致。
实施例11
N-〔(1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷
在氮气保护下,回流搅拌6-氯嘌呤-β-D-核糖核苷(30.0g)、(1S,反)-2-氨基环戊醇盐酸盐(15.0g)和无水碳酸钠(30.0g)在叔丁醇(300ml)中的混悬液21小时。让混悬液冷却到72℃,过滤,用热(75℃)叔丁醇(2×60ml)洗所收集到的固体。滤液与洗涤液合并后真空浓缩,得一泡沫体。
在回流下将此泡沫体溶于甲醇(55ml)中,再滴加乙酸乙酯(550ml),用时半小时,同时保持回流状态(约65℃)。在氮气保护下搅拌所得混悬液1.5小时冷至25℃;再于20-25℃放置1.5小时。滤出固体,用系统B(10∶1,2×60ml)洗,在50℃真空干燥,得标题化合物(31.50g),其色谱特性与可靠样品一致。
元素分析,C15H21N5O5
计算:C,51.3;H,6.0;N,19.9;
实测:C,51.2;H,6.0;N,19.8%
实施例12
N-〔反-2-羟环戊基)腺苷
加热回流1,6-二氢-1-(反-2-羟环戊基)-6-亚氨基-9-〔〔2,3,5-三-O-〔1,1-二甲基乙基)二甲基甲硅烷基〕-β-D-呋喃核糖基〕-9H-嘌呤(0.3g)在乙醇(20ml)中的溶液〔其中含2N NaOH(5ml)〕5小时。所得混悬液用硅胶吸附,并用柱色谱法(以系统B(9∶1)洗脱)纯化,得一粉状物。此物自乙酸乙酯-甲醇中结晶后,得标题化合物(0.11g),为1R∶1S非对映异构体的65∶35混合物。
T.l.c.(系统B,9∶1)Rf0.26
元素分析,C15H21N5O5·0.6H2O
计算:C,49.7;H,6.2;N,19.3;
实测:C,49.5;H,6.1;N,19.6%
高效液相色谱(Hplc):
柱:Spherisorb-C8 5μm(25Cm×4.6mm)
流动相:10%乙腈在三乙胺磷酸盐缓冲液(PH3.5)中的溶液
流速:1ml/分
保留时间:(1R,反)10.2分钟(65%)
(1S,反)8.4分钟(35%)
实施例13
(1S,反)-N-(2-羟环戊基)腺苷
将(1S,反)-2-氯-N-(2-羟环戊基)腺苷(102mg)和乙酸钠(108mg)在水(3.2ml)及乙醇(8.2ml)中的溶液在10%披钯炭(100mg含50%水)上氢化21小时。过滤混合物,滤液浓缩后得一固体,将固体溶于热甲醇(4ml)。过滤所得溶液,热溶液中加入乙酸乙酯(2ml)使标题化合物(64mg)析出。
T.l.c.(系统B,9∶1)Rf0.24
Hplc:柱:Spherisorb-C8 5μm(24Cm×4.6mm)
流动相:25%乙腈在三乙胺磷酸盐缓冲液(pH3.5)中的溶液
流速:1ml/分
保留时间:9.6分钟(与可靠样品相同)
实施例14
N-〔1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷
在约20℃,将N-〔(1S,反-2-羟环戊基〕-2′,3′-O-〔1-甲基亚乙基〕腺苷(24.0g)溶于三氟乙酸(14.2ml)与水(120ml)的混合液中,混合物在氮气保护下搅拌3.5小时。加入无水碳酸钾(28.0g),溶液用二氯甲烷(48ml)萃取。再加一部分碳酸钾(68g),水层用异丙醇(2×48ml)萃取。异丙醇萃取液合并后用碳酸钾饱和水溶液(24ml)洗,将两个水相按序用异丙醇(48ml)进一步萃取。异丙醇萃取液合并后减压浓缩,所得油状物中加入甲醇(120ml)。在减压下,然后在高真空下除去溶剂,得一半固体。此物溶于热乙酸乙酯(120ml)中,将热溶液滤清。滤液中加入晶种,在约20℃搅拌5小时。过滤分离出固体产物,用系统B(8∶1,50ml)洗,真空干燥,得标题化合物(17.3g),熔点159-162℃。其色谱特性与可靠样品一致。
实施例15
N-〔(1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷
在23℃静置2′,3′,5-三-O-乙酰-N-〔(1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷(0.34g)的甲醇(7ml)〔其中含叔丁胺(3ml)〕溶液16小时。将溶液蒸干,将残余叔丁胺与甲醇一起共沸除去,得一玻璃体。此玻璃体的样品(0.19g)自甲醇与乙酸乙酯的混合液(1∶20)中结晶,得标题化合物(0.15g),熔点160-163℃。其色谱特性与可靠样品一致。
实施例16
N-〔(1S,反)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷
在大气压下,使用10%披钯木炭(0.1g)作催化剂,对N-〔(1S,反-2-羟环戊基〕-N-(苯甲基)腺苷(0.2g)的乙醇(50ml)溶液在45℃进行氢化。18小时后,过滤混合物,蒸发滤液,残余物自乙酸乙酯与甲醇混合液中结晶,得标题化合物(0.075g),熔点162-163℃。其色谱性质与可靠样品一致。
Claims (10)
1、制备通式(Ⅰ)化合物和其盐及其溶剂化物的方法,式(Ⅰ)中R代表由羟基取代并可任选由C1-6烷基取代的环戊基环,该方法特征在于:
(a)在碱性条件下,将L为离去基团的通式(Ⅱ)化合物或其保护的衍生物与R如上定义的通式RNH2化合物或其盐或其保护的
衍生物反应,随后脱去保护基;
(b)在碱性条件下,通过加热重排R如上定义的通式(Ⅲ)化
合物或其保护的衍生物,随后脱去保护基;
(c)氢化通式(Ⅴ)化合物或其保护的衍生物,其中X代表
氢原子,R1代表由羟基取代并可任选由C1-6烷基取代的环戊基环;或X代表氯原子,R1代表如上定义的基团R;随后脱去保护基;或
(d)从通式(Ⅰ)化合物的保护的衍生物中脱去保护基;
在上述任何方法完成之后,如果需要,将开始得到的通式(Ⅰ)化合物转变成它的盐,或将通式(Ⅰ)化合物的盐转变成通式(Ⅰ)化合物或转变成它的其它盐;和
在上述任何方法完成之后,如果需要,拆分外消旋体以获得所要的对映体。
2、根据权利要求1(b)中要求的方法,其中通式(Ⅲ)化合物或其保护的衍生物可如下制备:将通式(Ⅳ)化合物或其保护的衍生
物与强碱反应,随后与待引入所要基团R的烷基化剂反应。
3、根据权利要求1或权项2要求的方法,其中R代表2-羟环戊基,2-羟-2-甲基环戊基或3-羟环戊基。
4、根据权利要求3中要求的方法,其中R代表2-羟环戊基或2-羟-2-甲基环戊基。
5、根据权利要求1中要求的方法,其中产物是:N-〔(1S,反式)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷或其生理适用盐或溶剂化物。
6、根据权利要求1要求的方法,其中产物是:
N-〔(1S,反式)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷;或N-〔(1R,反式)-2-羟环戊基〕腺苷;或它们的混合物;或其生理用盐或溶剂化物。
7、根据权利要求1要求的方法,其中产物是:
N-(顺式-2-羟环戊基)腺苷;或N-(2β-羟基-2-甲基环戊基)腺苷;或其生理适用盐或溶剂化物。
8、一种药物组合物,其中含至少一种权利要求1定义的通式(Ⅰ)化合物或其生理适用盐或溶剂化物作活性成份,及药物载体和/或赋形剂。
9、制备权利要求8要求的药物组合物方法,包括将至少一种通式(Ⅰ)化合物或其生理适用盐或溶剂化物与药物载体和/或赋形剂相混合。
10、权利要求1定义的通式(Ⅰ)化合物或其生理适用盐或溶剂化物用来制备用于治疗人或动物所患下述疾病的药物,对于这种疾病,降低血中游离脂肪酸浓度和/或降低心率和传导有利于其治疗。
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-
1987
- 1987-12-23 GB GB878729994A patent/GB8729994D0/en active Pending
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1988
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- 1988-12-22 EP EP88312231A patent/EP0322242B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1988-12-22 RU SU884613189A patent/RU1826971C/ru active
- 1988-12-22 IL IL88765A patent/IL88765A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-23 DE DE3843609A patent/DE3843609A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-12-23 YU YU02341/88A patent/YU234188A/xx unknown
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- 1988-12-23 JP JP63323836A patent/JP2736088B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-23 KR KR1019880017330A patent/KR890009967A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 1988-12-23 IT IT8848714A patent/IT1224840B/it active
- 1988-12-23 LU LU87414A patent/LU87414A1/fr unknown
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- 1988-12-23 FR FR888817132A patent/FR2629715B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1988-12-23 CN CN88108757A patent/CN1024198C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-12-23 AU AU27401/88A patent/AU612747B2/en not_active Expired
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1989
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1991
- 1991-10-16 AU AU85894/91A patent/AU8589491A/en not_active Abandoned
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1992
- 1992-02-24 RU SU925010893A patent/RU2060996C1/ru active
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1998
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