CN102999745A - 具有焦点控制的成像终端 - Google Patents
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Abstract
在此处提出一种成像终端,具有图像传感器阵列和用于将图像聚焦到图像传感器阵列上的可变透镜组件。在一个实施例中,成像终端可包括一个或多个聚焦配置,其选自于包含全集聚焦配置、删减集聚焦配置和固定聚焦配置的组。当全集聚焦配置激活时,且在所述成像终端响应于触发信号激活而确定所述终端的焦点设置时,候选焦点设置全集可以处于激活状态。当删减集聚焦配置激活时,且在所述成像终端响应于触发信号激活而确定所述终端的焦点设置时,候选焦点设置的删减范围可以处于激活状态。当固定聚焦配置激活时,且在触发信号处于激活状态时,所述成像透镜组件的焦点设置可被固定以使预定透镜组件的焦点设置处于激活状态。
Description
相关申请的交义引用
本申请要求申请号为13/009,323,于2011年1月19日申请,名称为“具有焦点控制的成像终端”的美国专利申请的优先权。声明该上述申请的优先权并通过引用将其全部内容合并于此。
技术领域
本发明大体上涉及基于光学的寄存器,以及特别涉及基于图像传感器的成像终端。
背景技术
即使成像技术电子领域的巨大进步,具有图像捕获功能的成像终端仍然会受困于折磨这种终端的用户的图像输出时间过慢问题。事实上在一些情形中可以观察到成像技术的进步增加了而不是减少了观察到的成像图像输出时间。一个例子是增加的像素分辨率。图像传感器被制成使得像素分辨率不断增加。百万级的像素现在已经很常见了。但是,高像素数经常会导致更长的读出延时及更长的用于处理对应于图像传感器像素阵列的像素的图像数据的处理延时。成像光学技术也在改进。成像透镜组件可具有可变焦点设置,以允许透镜组件的最佳焦点位置的平面在近、中、及远焦点位置之间调整。这种成像透镜组件具有允许以终端到目标距离范围内各种终端到目标距离捕获高质量锐聚焦图像的能力。但是,类似具有增加的像素分辨率的终端,有可变焦点位置透镜组件的终端已观察到展示相当多的图像输出时间。
发明内容
在此处提出一种成像终端,具有图像传感器阵列和用于将图像聚焦到图像传感器阵列上的可变透镜组件。在一个实施例中,成像终端可包括一个或多个聚焦配置,其选自于包含全集聚焦配置、删减集聚焦配置和固定聚焦配置的组。当全集聚焦配置激活时,在所述成像终端响应于触发信号激活而确定所述终端的焦点设置时,候选焦点设置全集可以处于激活状态。当删减集聚焦配置激活时,在所述成像终端响应于触发信号激活而确定所述终端的焦点设置时,候选焦点设置的删减范围可以处于激活状态。当固定聚焦配置激活时,在触发信号处于激活状态时,所述成像透镜组件的焦点设置可被固定以使预定透镜组件的焦点设置处于激活状态。
附图说明
在此描述的特征可参照下述附图而更好地理解。附图没必要按比例,而是通常强调阐释本发明的原理。在附图中,相似的数字用于指示贯穿不同示图中相似的部件。
图1是具有成像子系统的成像终端的框图;
图2是具有多个成像子系统的成像终端的框图;
图3-5是用于成像子系统的可变透镜组件的各个实施例框图;
图6是成像终端的外形透视图;
图7是阐述成像终端的操作的时序图;
图8是具有多个操作者可选配置的成像终端的透视图;
图9是包含成像终端的系统的外形透视图.
具体实施方式
在此处提出一种成像终端,它具有图像传感器阵列和用于将图像聚焦到图像传感器阵列的可变透镜组件。在一个实施例中,成像终端可包括一个或多个聚焦配置,其选自于包含全集聚焦配置、删减集聚焦配置和固定聚焦配置的组。当全集聚焦配置激活时,在该成像终端响应于触发信号的激活而确定该终端的焦点设置时,侯选焦点设置的全集处于激活状态。当删减集聚焦配置激活时,在该成像终端响应于触发信号的激活而确定该终端的焦点设置时,侯选焦点设置的删减范围处于激活状态。当固定聚焦配置激活时,在触发信号激活时,该成像透镜组件的焦点设置可被固定以使预定透镜组件的焦点设置处于激活状态。
参照图1示出和描述用于支持这里参照基于图像传感器的标记读取终端描述的操作的示例硬件平台。
标记读取终端1000可包括图像传感器1432,该图像传感器包括具有以行像素和列像素排列的像素的多像素图像传感器阵列1430、相关联的列电路1034和行电路1435。与该图像传感器1432相关联的可以是放大电路1436(放大器)以及模数转换器1437,模数转换器1437将从图像传感器阵列1430读出的模拟信号形式的图像信息转换为数字信号形式的图像信息。图像传感器1432也可以具有相关联的时序及控制电路1438以用于控制例如图像传感器1432的曝光周期、用于放大器1436的增益。该经标注的电路元件1432、1436、1437及1438可封装于同一图像传感器集成电路1440中。图像传感器集成电路1440可并有少于所标注数量的元件。在一个示例中,图像传感器集成电路1440可由例如可从美光科技公司(Micron Technology,Inc.)得到的MT9V022(752×480像素阵列)或MT9V023(752×480像素阵列)图像传感器集成电路提供。在一个示例中,图像传感器集成电路1440可以并有拜耳(Bayer)模式滤波器,从而在该图像传感器阵列限定位于红色像素位置的红色像素,位于绿色像素位置的绿色像素,以及位于蓝色像素位置的蓝色像素。采用并有拜耳模式的这种图像传感器阵列提供的帧可以包括红色像素位置的红色像素值,绿色像素位置的绿色像素值和蓝色像素位置的蓝色像素值。在并有拜耳模式图像传感器阵列的一实施例中,在对帧进行进一步处理之前,CPU 1060可以利用绿色像素值在绿色像素位置中间的帧像素位置插值像素值,用于生成图像数据的单色帧。备选地,在对帧进行进一步处理之前,CPU 1060可以利用红色像素值在红色像素位置中间插值像素值,用于生成图像数据的单色帧。在对帧进行进一步处理之前,CPU1060备选地可以利用蓝色像素值在蓝色像素位置中间插值像素值。
在终端1000的操作过程中,图像信号可以从图像传感器1432读出、转换、并且存储于例如RAM 1080的系统存储器中。终端1000的存储器1085可包含RAM 1080,诸如EPROM 1082的非易失性存储器及例如由闪存存储器或硬驱动存储器提供的存储器设备1084。在一实施例中,终端1000可包含CPU 1060,该CPU可适于读出存储于存储器1080中的图像数据并且使该图像数据经受各种图像处理算法。终端1000可以包含直接存储器存取单元(DMA)1070以路由从图像传感器1432读出并经过转换的图像信息到RAM 1080。在另一个实施例中,终端1000可以使用提供总线仲裁机制的系统总线(例如,PCI总线)因而减少对中央DMA控制器的需求。本领域技术人员能够理解在图像传感器1432和RAM 1080之间提供有效数据传输的直接存储器存取元件和/或系统总线架构的其他实施例均在本发明的范围内并且体现本发明的精神。
参照终端1000的更多方面,透镜组件1402适于将位于基板T上的视场1440内的物品15的图像聚焦在图像传感器阵列1430上。终端1000的视场1440图纸空间的尺寸可使用多种备选方式改变。例如通过改变终端到目标距离,改变成像透镜组件的焦点设定,改变要被读出的图像传感器阵列1430的像素数目,视场1440的目标空间的尺寸可被改变。成像光线可以沿成像轴25透射。透镜组件1402适于实现多焦距(focal length)及多光学焦点平面(最优焦点距离(bestfocus distance))。
终端1000也可包括多个外围设备,包括触发器1110,该触发器可用于激活触发信号以激活帧读出和/或特定解码过程。除了具有触发器1110,成像终端1000还可以有显示器1120、指针装置1130、以及键盘1140。设备1110、1120、1130、1140可耦合到系统总线1040以与CPU 1060通信。
进一步关注触发器1110,终端1000可适于使触发器1110的激励(actuation)激活触发信号并启动输出图像数据的一个或多个帧。具体的,终端1000可操作使得,响应于触发信号的激活,连续帧可以从图像传感器阵列1430读出图像数据(通常以模拟信号的形式)并在转换后存储图像信息到存储器1080(其可在给定时间缓存连续帧中的一个或多个)中。帧可以以称作帧速率的速率从图像传感器阵列1430读出。帧时间指的是读取帧所用的时间,它的值可用以下公式给出:帧时间=1/(帧速率)。CPU 1060可操作使得,响应于触发信号的激活,CPU 1060输出连续帧中的一个或多个用于视频显示处理,例如实时处理到显示器1120的输出,处理包括将图像数据格式化为图像帧格式以在长期存储设备例如存储器1084中存储帧和/或用于格式化以传送给外部计算机的处理。CPU 1060可操作使得连续输出帧中的一个或多个经受解码尝试。
为尝试解码条形码符号,例如一维条形码符号,CPU 1060可处理对应于一排像素位置(例如行、列、或像素位置的对角集)的帧的图像数据来确定暗和亮单元的空间图案,并且通过表查找将确定了的每个亮和暗单元图案转换为字符或字符串。当可解码的标记表示是2D条形码符号体系时,解码尝试包含以下步骤:使用特征检测算法定位探测图案(finder pattern),依据与探测图案的预定关系定位与该探测图案相交叉的矩阵线,沿该矩阵线确定暗和亮单元的图案,和通过表查找将每个亮图案转换为字符或字符串。
图6中所示的是一个实施例中终端1000的外形图。如图6中所示,触发器1110、显示器1120、指针装置1130以及键盘1140可设置于手持外壳1014的同一侧。可将显示器1120及指针装置1130结合作为终端1000的用户接口。在一个实施例中显示器1120可并有用于导航和虚拟致动器(actuator)选择的触摸面板,在这种情况下,可由显示器1120提供终端1000的用户接口。也可以通过将终端1000配置成可操作来通过解码编程条形码符号被再编程,提供终端1000的用户接口。在另一个实施例中,终端1000的手持外壳1014可以没有显示器并且可以呈枪式形式要素。成像子系统1500,它包括图像传感器阵列1430及成像透镜组件1402,可并入手持外壳1014中。
在一个实施例中,成像终端1000包括单一成像子系统1500。但是,图2中展示了具有多个成像子系统的成像终端1000的框图,所述多个成像子系统包含具有成像轴25的成像子系统1500以及具有成像轴26的成像子系统1505。在图6中描述了具有多个成像子系统1500、1505的成像终端的外形图,成像子系统1500的成像轴26基本上垂直于显示器1120延伸所在的平面延伸,成像子系统1505的成像轴26沿着基本上平行于显示器1120延伸所在的平面的方向延伸。
关于成像子系统1505,在一个实施例中,除了子系统1505的图像传感器阵列1430可不同于成像子系统1500的图像传感器阵列1430之外,成像子系统1505可具有如图1虚线框1500中所示的元件。
在一个实施例中,成像子系统1500的图像传感器阵列1430可以由彩色图像传感器阵列提供,其中彩色滤波器设置于该图像传感器阵列1430的多个像素上,例如,将拜耳模式滤波器设置于图像传感器阵列1430上。另一方面在一个实施例中的成像子系统1505的图像传感器阵列1430可包含单色像素阵列,所述单色像素阵列包括像素阵列而没有彩色滤波器元件。在一个实施例中,成像子系统1505的图像传感器1430的每个像素都没有波长选择彩色滤波器。在成像终端1000的开发中可以确定,对于一些应用,会倾向于使用彩色图像传感器阵列1430,而对于其他应用,则会倾向于使用单色图像传感器阵列。例如,对于所捕获的帧可以输出用于随后观看显示器的图像归档应用,可以注意到在一些情况下,彩色图像提供更容易辨识的细节和所描述物品的更真实的表示。但是,对于例如条形码解码的标记解码应用来说,因为单色图像传感器的高信噪比,使用单色图像传感器允许有更快的解码时间。然而,对于使用终端1000,单色图像传感器阵列可用于图像归档,而彩色图像传感器阵列可用于可解码标记的解码。
终端1000可包括照明组件1240用于目标T的照明以及照明图案1260的投影。在所示实施例中,照明图案1260可以被投影到接近但是大于由视场1240所限定的区域,也可被投影到比由视场1240所限定的区域小的区域中。照明组件1240可以包括具有一个或多个光源库的光源库1242。在一个实施例中,照明组件1240也可包括照明透镜组件1244。除了或替代照明透镜组件1244,照明组件1240可包括备选的光成形光学器件,例如一个或多个散射体(diffuser)、镜子或棱镜。在使用中,终端1000以照明图案1260被投影到物品15上的方式被操作者相对承载目标的物品15定向。一个或多个成像子系统1500及成像组件1505可以没有照明子系统1240。
关于终端1000的更多方面,透镜组件1402可以使用电功率输入单元1410来控制,该电功率输入单元提供能量以改变透镜组件1402的最佳焦点平面。在一个实施例中,电功率输入单元1410可以作为受控电压源操作,在另一个实施例中,则可以作为受控电流源操作。电功率输入单元1410可应用信号以改变透镜组件1402的光学特性,例如,改变透镜组件1402的(最佳焦点平面的)焦距和/或最优焦点距离。光源控制电路1220可发送信号到照明图案光源库1242,例如,以改变由照明图案光源库1242输出的照明级别。
现在描述用作透镜组件1402的透镜组件的各个实施例。在图3的实施例中,透镜组件1402,1244包括流体透镜1404。流体透镜1404在一个实施例中可以是包含多个不混溶(immiscible)光学流体的电润湿流体透镜。在一个实施例中流体透镜1404由可从法国里昂VARIOPTIC S.A.公司得到的类型的ARCTIC314或ARCTIC 316流体透镜提供。流体透镜1404也可备选地是具有可变形表面类型的流体透镜,并且与耦合到功率输入单元1410的机械致动器组件(未示出)相关联地提供。
参照图4,透镜组件1402可包括与流体透镜1404串联的一个或多个透镜。在图4的实施例中,透镜1405可以是例如玻璃、聚碳酸酯透镜、或流体透镜。在图5的实施例中,透镜组件1402包含机械可移动式透镜1406。透镜1406,在一个实施例中,可以由固体透光材料,如玻璃或聚碳酸酯来提供,并可以使用电机M提供的电机力移动,所述电机M耦合到功率输入单元1410。在一个实施例中,电机M,可以由中空步进电机提供,透镜1406可被设置于这样的中空步进电机内,以使透镜1406如双向箭头1407所指示的,沿轴25在各个立置间移动。如图5中所示的透镜组件1402还可包括附加的透镜,例如与透镜1406串联设置的透镜1405。关于图3、4、5,成像透镜组件1402,在一个实施例中,可配置为正透镜,照明透镜组件1244,在一个实施例中,可配置为负透镜。子系统1500和子系统1505的透镜组件1402可以有类似的配置或不同的配置;例如成像子系统1500、1505之一的透镜组件1402可依据图3、4、5的第一配置而配置,并且其他子系统1500、1505的透镜组件1402可依据图3、4、5的第二配置而配置。
参照图7的时序图,来描述在确定透镜组件1402的焦点设置时成像终端1000的操作。参照图7的时序图,信号5504表示触发信号。触发信号5504可通过触发器1110的激励来激活。响应于触发信号5504的激活,成像终端1000可捕获图像数据的多个帧并且可以选择特定帧用于输出,例如,以便进一步处理以格式化为图像文件格式和/或存储到存储装置和/或输出到显示器上。进一步参照图7的时序图,信号5508表示透镜组件1402的能量水平信号。当透镜组件1402是可变透镜组件时,加在透镜组件1402上的能量水平可随时间改变。每一个信号水平表示透镜组件1402的不同的焦点设置。
参照信号5510,信号5510表示成像终端1000的曝光周期(period),其中信号5510的逻辑高周期表示曝光开周期,逻辑高周期之间的周期表示曝光关周期。在备选实施例中,图像传感器阵列1430可在卷帘式快门配置时,经受连续的曝光。
在图7的时序图中,周期5320、5322、5324表示图像传感器阵列1430的曝光周期。成像终端1000可操作来通过读出图像数据的帧使该帧的图像数据被转换并将所述帧存入存储器1080,来捕获图像数据帧。当捕获连续帧时,帧的存储可以包括将帧缓冲至缓冲存储单元。在图像传感器阵列1430曝光之后,在阵列1430的像素积累的电荷可被读出,转换为数字格式,并存储于工作中的易失性存储器,其中相应的帧经受CPU 1060的处理。
进一步参照图7的时序图,信号5512表示具有读出周期5420、5422、5424的读出信号,其中可读出在图像传感器阵列1430的像素积累的电荷,以转换并存储于非易失性存储器1080。进一步参照图7的时序图,周期5520、5522、5524表示CPU 1060的处理周期。在处理周期5520、5522、5524中,CPU 1060可使所捕获的图像数据的帧经受处理以确定一个或多个成像参数,例如曝光参数。在处理周期5520、5522、5524中,CPU 1060可进一步使所捕获的图像数据的帧经受处理,以确定透镜组件1402的焦点设置,以捕获图像数据的帧以输出来可视显示。
参照图7中的时序图来描述简化的焦点确定过程。在曝光周期5320中,透镜组件1402可被设定为第一焦点设置,其对应于信号5508的第一能量水平。在曝光周期5322中,透镜组件1402可被设定为第二焦点设置,其由信号5508的第二能量水平指示,在随后的曝光周期5324中,透镜组件1402可被设定为第三焦点设置,其由信号5508的第三能量水平指示。在之后的每一个帧的处理周期,即5520、5522、5524中,CPU 1060可为每一个随后所捕获的图像数据的帧计算焦点得分。焦点得分,在一示例中,可通过选择排(line)的样本(例如图像数据的行和/或列的样本)来计算,并且将像素值的样本代入以下自相关公式中。
S路径=∑(In-In-1)2 公式1
其中In是在路径的特定像素位置n的像素值,In-1是邻近第n像素位置的像素位置的像素值。为了减少执行公式1的计算所需要的时钟周期,公式1结果的近以可以通过执行以下计算而实施:
S路径=∑|In-In-1 | 公式2
通过公式1或2的应用可看出,具有更鲜明对比特征的图像数据的帧通常赋予更高的焦点得分。依据简化的焦点确定过程,终端1000可简单地选择多个连续捕获的帧中具有最高焦点得分的所捕获的帧作为要输出的帧。在透镜组件1402只有有限个候选焦点设置时,这种焦点确定的执行没有明显的延迟。
在图7所示的示例中,在焦点设置确定期间(其中第一、第二、和第三帧作为“测试”帧被处理),透镜组件1402只有三个聚焦设置是激活的。因此,确定产生该最高焦点得分的焦点设置基本上消耗三帧的时间。但是,市场上可得到的可变透镜组件通常有大量的候选焦点设置,例如五个、十个、一百个、三百个候选焦点设置。此外,一些市场上可得到的可变透镜组件不具有在图像传感器阵列的最快帧时间内在最近的和最远的焦点设置之间移动的能力。
进一步参照图7中示出的时序图,可以看到在透镜组件1402包含一百个焦点设置的情况下,如果应用所述的焦点确定过程,所述焦点确定过程(其中焦点确定主要是通过计算每一个候选位置的焦点得分并选择最优得分)将会基本上消耗一百个帧时间。
为了减少焦点确定的时间,可应用各种插值方法。例如,在一个实施例中可捕获并处理有限数量的测试帧,例如可对一到三个帧进行评分并基于所述有限数量中的数据确定最佳帧焦点设置(其中焦点设置可以是被用于捕获有限数量的测试帧的焦点设置之外的焦点设置)。响应于最佳焦点设置的确定,透镜组件1402的焦点设置可变为确定的该确定的最佳设置,并且可用处于最佳焦点设置的焦点设置来捕获新的帧,该新的帧被输出以进行进一步的处理。但是,可以看到即使应用这种减少时间的方法,多个候选焦点设置的存在仍会极大地延迟对输出以进一步处理的帧的捕获。例如,在确定最佳焦点设置的时间及设立透镜组件实际焦点设置处于最佳焦点设置的时间之间有相当大的延迟。此外,依据有效的焦点确定方法,可舍弃在最佳焦点设置下由透镜组件捕获的新帧,例如,在诸如成像终端1000相对于目标设置明显移动的情况下,其具有低焦点得分。如果依据所用的过程舍弃新的帧,再次开始焦点确定过程则导致了进一步的延迟。据此,可见多个可用候选焦点设置的存在可在用于进一步处理的所捕获的帧的输出中导致明显的延迟。
在成像终端1000的开发中,已经确定了可以通过对成像终端1000进行有效配置(其中(a)从候选焦点设置的全集中减去候选焦点设置集,和/或(b)将焦点设置固定),来减少成像终端1000输出帧进行可视显示处理的图像输出时间。参照图8所示来描述成像终端1000的更进一步的方面,图8阐述了利用显示器1222的一个示例性的用户接口,其可以使操作者可以使用多个用户可选焦点配置。
参照图8的解释,成像终端1000可具有多个聚焦配置。当全集聚焦配置激活时,成像终端1000可操作使得透镜组件的候选焦点设置的全集是激活的。成像终端1000可响应于触发信号的激活确定焦点设置。
透镜组件1402的候选焦点设置的全集被认为是设置的分辨率和最大范围,其由部署终端1000的实体采用该实体可用的一个或更多个软件开发工具包(SDK)的全集限定。焦点设置的最大范围可以(不是必须)设为符合透镜组件1402的最近和最远焦点设置(其由透镜组件1402的硬件限制确定)。
进一步参照图8,当成像终端1000的删减集聚焦配置激活时,在成像终端1000响应于触发信号的激活确定焦点设置时,终端1000可操作使得侯选焦点设置删减集激活。
可预期,相对于在全集聚焦配置处于激活状态的情况下成像终端1000的聚焦延迟,成像终端1000在删减集聚焦配置处于激活状态的情况下的聚焦延迟会减少。例如,依靠该焦点确定方法以及该删减集,可以有更少的测试帧经受用于焦点设置确定的检查。透镜组件1402的焦点设置全集可以包括最近焦点设置及最远焦点设置,以及对应于可用焦点设置的最大分辨率的中间设置。透镜组件1402的焦点设置可具有对应的能量水平,其指定要施加给透镜组件1402以实现各种焦点设置的施加能量。在一个实施例中,可配置终端1000以使标度(number scale)的数据点被用于限定焦点设置全集。在一个实施例中,标度,如从0到99,可用于限定100个不同的离散焦点设置。在一个示例中,候选焦点设置的全集可包含指定最近焦点设置的设置0,指定最远焦点设置的设置99,在最近和最远焦点设置之间的98个附加离散焦点设置值。
当删减集聚焦配置激活时,可将最近焦点设置增加到更高值、和/或将最远焦点设置减小、和/或改变在最小值和最大值之间的多个可用离散焦点设置值。继续描述候选焦点设置删减集的示例,包括,例如包括95个离散设置的范围0-94,也包括95个离散设置的5-99,包括六个离散设置的25-30,包括二十一个离散设置的50-70,0-99,分辨率降低因此仅存在三个可能的离散设置;0、50和99,以及40-59,仅有三个分辨率降低的侯选设置,即40、50和59。在所描述的示例中,通过所描述的各种焦点配置,描述每个焦点设置的整数值可对应于透镜组件1402的与之相同的焦点设置。删减集聚焦配置的激活可限制透镜组件1402的焦点设置的焦点侯选集为排除了在删减集聚焦配置激活时透镜组件1402当前的焦点设置的焦点设置集。终端1000可操作使得终端1000响应于删减集聚焦配置的激活设立透镜组件1402的设置处于设置侯选集中的设置,以使该设置在触发信号激活时已经处于有效设置。
关于成像终端1000的固定聚焦配置,终端1000可操作使得当固定聚焦配置激活时,设立透镜组件的焦点设置处于固定焦点设置,并被限制而不会响应于触发信号的激活而改变离开固定设置值。在固定聚焦配置的一个实施例中,使透镜组件1402的焦点设置响应触发信号的激活而移动到固定设置值。在固定聚焦配置的另一个示例中,响应于配置的激活,透镜组件被设为固定焦点设置,以使得在触发信号激活时间之前,透镜组件的焦点设置已经处于固定焦点设置值,并且因此,避免了允许透镜组件1402物理转换的延迟时间。在任何情况下,成像终端1000可被限制而不会响应于触发信号的激活执行焦点确定过程,在激活触发信号的时间之前,先前就已经通过配置的激活设立该焦点设置。
关于删减集聚焦配置(候选焦点设置删减集激活)及固定聚焦配置(固定焦点设置激活),可激活操作的多个不同聚焦模式以用于激活聚焦配置。在特别描述的实施例中,全集聚焦配置具有特定相关联的用户所选的聚焦操作模式(该聚焦操作模式通过激活按钮2102而激活)。参照与删减集聚焦配置一致的聚焦操作模式,可以确定,期望被图像捕获的特定物品不会以特定标准的尺寸得到但是会以不明显变化的尺寸范围得到。
能够以相当一致的尺寸而不是特定尺寸得到的物品的例子是报纸和门票。终端1000可操作使得,当选择按钮2112时,在成像终端1000响应于触发信号的激活进行焦点确定时,适合于捕获报纸的捕获图像的焦点设置侯选集可被激活。当选择按钮2116时,在终端1000响应于触发信号的激活进行焦点确定时,适合于捕获门票的聚焦图像的焦点设置侯选集可被激活。
参照区域2106及2108,操作者可输入操作者指定的焦点设置值。当已利用区域2106及2108输入焦点设置值时,成像终端1000依据删减集聚焦配置可操作使得,当成像终端1000响应于触发信号的激活确定焦点设置时,在区域2106中指定的和由区域2106及2108中输入的值指定的候选焦点设置的删减集处于激活状态。关于区域2110,图8的用户接口可具有区域2110,用于指定焦点设置侯选集的分辨率,默认值是100%。如果使用区域2110降低分辨率,焦点设置集的分辨率也会降低,即,如果使用区域2110选择100(0-99)个全集设置以及11%的分辨率,限定的位置集合(使用所选择的全部分辨率得到的设置的数目的11%)可以是由焦点设置值(0,9,19,29,39,49,59,69,79,89,99)限定的焦点设置。
成像终端1000的进一步开发,已经确定,期望被图像捕获的通常被图像捕获的特定物品能够以特定的尺寸得到。这样的物品包括能够以74×52mm的尺寸得到的A8名片,以85.6×53.98mm的尺寸得到的信用卡及借记卡,A4纸质文献,及81/2×11英寸文献(通常可以81/2×11英寸的尺寸得到)。
成像终端1000的又一方面,成像终端1000可操作使得,在选择按钮2124时,成像终端1000依据所描述的固定聚焦配置设立透镜组件1402的焦点设置处于适合于捕获代表A8名片的聚焦图像的焦点设置。
成像终端1000的又一方面,成像终端1000可操作使得,当选择按钮2128时,成像终端1000依据所描述的固定聚焦配置设立透镜组件1402的焦点设置处于适合于捕获代表借记卡/信用卡的聚焦图像的焦点设置。
成像终端1000的又一方面,成像终端1000可操作使得,当选择按钮2136时,成像终端1000依据所描述的固定聚焦配置设立透镜组件1402的焦点设置处于适合于捕获代表A4纸质文献的聚焦图像的焦点设置。
成像终端1000的又一方面,成像终端1000可操作使得,当选择按钮2140时,成像终端1000依据所描述的固定聚焦配置设立透镜组件1402的焦点设置处于适合于捕获代表81/2×11英寸文献的聚焦图像的焦点设置。
成像终端1000可进一步操作使得当在区域2144中输入指定值时,成像终端1000依据所描述的固定聚焦配置设立透镜组件1402的焦点设置处于对应于使用区域2144输入的指定焦点设置值的固定焦点设置。
参照图8中描述的用户接口,可以看到,可通过表示已知物品的通用(友好的)名指定的按钮的选择来访问多个操作模式。从而,操作者只需要通过选择代表参引已知物品的提示的按钮就能选择所期望的操作模式,而不必为期望被图像输出的物品计算或者指定焦点设置值或范围。
在此已经提出,对应于具有非标准但预期范围的物品的操作模式被归类为在删减集聚焦配置下的操作模式,而对应于具有离散特定尺寸的物品的操作模式被归类为在固定聚焦配置下的操作模式。可以理解使用对应于标准尺寸物品的操作模式激活删减集聚焦配置以及使用对应于预期范围物品的操作模式激活固定聚焦配置,也可在减少的图像输出时间的情况下提供合适的图像。
在成像终端1000的开发中,可以确定,为改善成像终端1000的使用中的帧的清晰度及一致性(其中将透镜组件1402的焦点设置设为固定焦点设置或焦点设置删减集),在被输出以进一步处理的图像的捕获过程中,成像终端1000可被大体定位于特定终端到目标距离。为了改善成像终端1000的操作,成像终端1000可提供为系统(可以理解为工具包)的一部分,除了成像终端1000外其还包括说明手册(instruction manual)2602。说明手册2602可至少包括指示给操作者的说明:在捕获图像以输出选定帧来可视显示处理的过程中,成像终端1000及被图像捕获的物品2604之间应存在相对间隔距离,以使如图9中所示的物品的表示2604R扩展到显示器1222的指定边界(即“填充”该边界)。这样的指定边界通常指定为显示器1222的边界;但是,也可以采用小于显示器1222边界的所显示的边界。
参照图9,操作来输出图像数据的帧的成像终端1000可操作使得对应于被图像捕获的物品2604的表示2604R在图像捕获过程中实时显示于显示器1222上。可见通过提示操作者调整被图像捕获的物品和终端1000的相对距离,以使物品表示2604填充指定边界,其结果是被图像捕获的有类似尺寸的物品以一致的清晰度和分辨率被捕获。在此描述的包含固定的焦点设置和范围的焦点设置能够被设立以使得良好聚焦的图像数据的帧能以物品表示输出,例如,填充显示器1222的指定边界的表示2604R。
在图9的实施例中,所示的说明手册2602由纸质说明手册提供。但是,在另一个实施例中,说明手册2602可以是电子化显示的说明手册。例如,说明手册2602可提供在HTML网页上,其可以由包括终端1000在内的具有HTML能力的计算机来访问。在一个实施例中,可在图像捕获的过程中在显示器1222上实时显示提示操作者调整终端1000及物品2604之间的相对间隔的说明,同时成像终端1000显示物品表示2604R。在所描述的示例中,在显示该物品表示2604R时,成像终端1000显示提示消息“填充屏幕”,提示操作者调整终端1000和物品2604的相对位置,以使物品2604的表示2604R在如图10所示的水平或垂直方向至少之一的方向上填充屏幕1222。成像终端1000可操作使得,如依据对应于所选操作模式的物品,成像终端1000调整提示消息的方位。终端1000可操作使得提示消息2610以特定方位显示,其鼓励操作者利用终端1000输出正在被捕获物品的较佳分辨率的图像。
参考图9所描述的用例,成像终端1000包括垂直延伸的显示器1222,图像传感器阵列1430也垂直延伸。但是,物品2604有水平延伸的主轴通道。终端1000可操作使得对于此类用例,如图所示可以垂直地显示提示消息2610。但是,对于物品2604有垂直延伸的主轴(如A4或81/2×11英寸的标准文献中)这样的用例,终端1000可操作使得提示消息2610水平地显示于显示器屏幕1222上。
在图9的用例中,成像子系统1500被描述为执行图像捕获。然而,可以理解的是,终端1000可配置为利用成像子系统1500和成像子系统1505两者或两者之一依照这里的图1-9描述的方法执行图像捕获、处理和输出。
如下是描述的系统方法及装置的小例子:
A1、一种成像终端,包括:
图像传感器阵列和成像透镜组件,所述成像透镜组件用于聚焦目标图像到该图像传感器阵列上,所述图像传感器阵列具有多个像素,所述成像透镜组件是能够被设成多个不同焦点设置的可变成像透镜组件;
手持外壳,并有所述图像传感器阵列;
其中所述成像终端能够以全集聚焦配置、删减集聚焦配置、以及固定聚焦配置操作,所述全集聚焦配置、删减集聚焦配置,以及固定聚焦配置是用户可选的;
其中所述成像终端可操作使得当全集可选的聚焦配置激活时,在成像终端响应于触发信号激活而为所述成像透镜组件确定焦点设置时,候选焦点设置的全集处于激活状态;
其中所述成像终端可进一步操作使得当所述聚焦配置删减集激活时,在所述成像终端响应于触发信号激活而为所述成像透镜组件确定焦点设置时,候选焦点设置的删减集处于激活状态;
其中所述成像终端可进一步操作使得当所述固定聚焦配置激活时,在触发信号被激活时,预定焦点设置处于激活状态。
A2、如A1所述的成像终端,其中响应于所述固定聚焦配置激活,所述成像终端将成像透镜组件的焦点设置改变为预定的焦点设置,以便使得所述成像透镜组件的焦点设置在所述触发信号的激活时间之前被设立处于预定的焦点设置。
A3、如A1所述的成像终端,其中候选焦点设置的所述删减集包括比与候选焦点设置的全集相关联的焦点设置范围更小的范围。
A4、如A1所述的成像终端,其中候选焦点设置的所述删减集包括比候选焦点设置的全集的分辨率更低的分辨率。
B1、一种成像终端,包括:
图像传感器阵列和成像透镜组件,所述成像透镜组件用于聚焦目标图像到该图像传感器阵列上,所述图像传感器阵列具有多个像素,所述成像透镜组件是能够被设成多个不同焦点设置的可变成像透镜组件;
手持外壳,并有所述图像传感器阵列;
其中所述成像终端能够以第一、第二及第三用户可选的聚焦操作模式操作;
其中所述成像终端可操作使得当所述第一用户可选的聚焦操作模式激活时,在所述成像终端响应于触发信号激活而为所述成像透镜组件确定焦点设置时,第一候选焦点设置集处于激活状态;
其中所述成像终端可操作使得当所述第二用户可选的聚焦操作模式激活时,在所述成像终端响应于触发信号激活而为所述成像透镜组件确定焦点设置时,第二候选焦点设置集处于激活状态;
其中所述成像终端可进一步操作使得当所述第三用户可选的聚焦操作模式激活时,在触发信号激活时,预定焦点设置处于激活状态。
B2、如B1所述的成像终端,其中所述成像终端可操作使得利用用户输入的范围信息限定第一焦点设置侯选集,并且其中所述成像终端可进一步操作使得通过选择提示限定第二焦点设置侯选集,所述提示由所述成像终端参引特定物品类型的通用名来呈现。
B3、如B 1所述的成像终端,其中所述成像终端包括显示器并且所述成像终端可操作使得在图像捕获过程中显示被图像捕获的物品的表示;其中所述成像终端包括于系统中,所述系统具有说明手册,其包括在所述物品被图像捕获时提示操作者改变物品和所述成像终端的相对位置的说明,使得使用所述物品的表示填充所述显示器的指定边界。
C1、一种成像终端,包括:
图像传感器阵列和成像透镜组件,所述成像透镜组件用于聚焦目标图像到该图像传感器阵列上,所述图像传感器阵列具有多个像素,所述成像透镜组件是能够被设成多个不同焦点设置的可变成像透镜组件;
手持外壳,并有所述图像传感器阵列;
其中所述成像终端能够以第一和第二用户可选的聚焦配置操作;
其中所述成像终端可操作使得当所述第一用户可选的聚焦配置激活时,在所述成像终端响应于触发信号激活而为所述成像透镜组件确定焦点设置时,候选焦点设置集处于激活状态;
其中所述成像终端可进一步操作使得当所述第二用户可选的聚焦配置激活时,在触发信号激活时,预定焦点设置处于激活状态。
C2、如C1所述的成像终端,其中所述成像终端可操作呈现提示以提示操作者选择所述第二用户可选的聚焦配置,所述提示参引特定物品类型的通用名。
C3、如C1所述的成像终端,其中所述成像终端可操作使得当所述第一用户可选聚焦配置激活时,在触发信号激活时,候选聚焦设置全集处于激活状态,所述第一聚焦配置是全集聚焦配置。
C4、如C1所述的成像终端,其中该成像终端可操作使得当该第一用户可选聚焦配置激活时,在触发信号激活时,候选焦点设置的删减集处于激活状态,所述第一聚焦配置是删减集聚焦配置。
C5、如C1所述的成像终端,其中所述成像终端包括显示器,其中所述成像终端可操作以在所述显示器上显示对应于正在被图像捕获的物品的物品表示,其中所述成像终端可操作以在所述显示器上显示提示,提示用户改变所述物品和所述成像终端的相对位置,以使所述物品表示填充所述显示器的指定边界。
D1、一种系统,包括:
成像终端,具有图像传感器阵列以及成像透镜组件,所述成像透镜组件用于聚焦目标图像到该图像传感器阵列上,所述图像传感器阵列具有多个像素,所述成像终端进一步包括手持外壳,手持外壳并有所述图像传感器阵列,所述成像终端进一步包括显示器并且可操作以在所述显示器上显示正在被图象捕获的物品的物品表示;
说明手册,用来提示所述成像终端的用户改变所述成像终端和所述物品之间的相对位置,以使所述物品表示填充所述显示器的指定边界。
D2、如D1所述的系统,其中所述系统被配置为使所述说明手册电子地显示于所述显示器上。
D3、如D1所述的系统,其中所述成像透镜组件是能够被设成多个不同焦点设置的可变成像透镜组件,其中所述成像终端能够以对应于第一物品类型的第一用户可选的聚焦操作模式以及对应于第二物品类型的第二用户可选的聚焦操作模式操作,其中所述成像终端可操作使得,在第一用户可选的聚焦操作模式激活的情况下捕获物品表示的过程中,所述成像终端确定所述成像透镜组件的焦点设置处于第一焦点设置,并且其中所述成像终端可进一步操作使得,在第二用户可选的聚焦操作模式激活的情况下捕获物品表示的过程中,所述成像终端确定所述成像透镜组件的焦点设置处于第二焦点设置。
D4、如D1所述的系统,其中所述成像透镜组件是能够被设成多个不同焦点设置的可变成像透镜组件,其中所述成像终端能够以对应于第一物品类型的第一用户可选的聚焦操作模式以及对应于第二物品类型的第二用户可选的聚焦操作模式操作,其中所述成像终端可操作使得,在第一用户可选的聚焦操作模式激活的情况下捕获物品表示的过程中,所述成像终端确定所述成像透镜组件的焦点设置处于第一聚焦设置以及所述提示包括垂直显示于显示器上的消息,并且其中所述成像终端可进一步操作使得,在第二用户可选的聚焦操作模式激活的情况下捕获物品表示的过程中,所述成像终端确定所述成像透镜组件的焦点设置处于第二焦点设置以及所述提示包括水平显示于显示器上的消息。
尽管本发明已经参照多个特定实施例进行了描述,可以理解本发明的真正精神及范围应仅由可得到本发明说明书支持的权利要求书确定。进一步地,当描述于此的其中包含系统和装置和方法的众多案例具有特定数目的元件时,可以理解这样的系统,装置及方法可以少于或多于所提及的特定数目的元件实施。此外,当描述多个特定实施例时,可以理解参照每个特定实施例描述的特征及方面可以用于每个其余描述的特定实施例。
Claims (15)
1.一种成像终端,包括:
图像传感器阵列和成像透镜组件,所述成像透镜组件用于聚焦目标图像到该图像传感器阵列上,所述图像传感器阵列具有多个像素,所述成像透镜组件是能够被设成多个不同焦点设置的可变成像透镜组件;
手持外壳,并有所述图像传感器阵列;
其中所述成像终端能够以全集聚焦配置、删减集聚焦配置、以及固定聚焦配置操作,所述全集聚焦配置、删减集聚焦配置,以及固定聚焦配置是用户可选的;
其中所述成像终端可操作使得当全集可选的聚焦配置激活时,在成像终端响应于触发信号激活而为所述成像透镜组件确定焦点设置时,候选焦点设置的全集处于激活状态;
其中所述成像终端可进一步操作使得当所述聚焦配置删减集激活时,在所述成像终端响应于触发信号激活而为所述成像透镜组件确定焦点设置时,候选焦点设置的删减集处于激活状态;
其中所述成像终端可进一步操作使得当所述固定聚焦配置激活时,在触发信号被激活时,预定焦点设置处于激活状态。
2.如权利要求1所述的成像终端,其中响应于所述固定聚焦配置激活,所述成像终端将成像透镜组件的焦点设置改变为预定的焦点设置,以便使得所述成像透镜组件的焦点设置在所述触发信号的激活时间之前被设立处于预定的焦点设置。
3.如权利要求1所述的成像终端,其中候选焦点设置的删减集包括比与候选焦点设置的全集相关联的焦点设置范围更小的范围。
4.如权利要求1所述的成像终端,其中候选焦点设置的删减集包括比候选焦点设置的全集的分辨率更低的分辨率。
5.一种成像终端,包括:
图像传感器阵列和成像透镜组件,所述成像透镜组件用于聚焦目标图像到该图像传感器阵列上,所述图像传感器阵列具有多个像素,所述成像透镜组件是能够被设成多个不同焦点设置的可变成像透镜组件;
手持外壳,并有所述图像传感器阵列;
其中所述成像终端能够以第一、第二及第三用户可选的聚焦操作模式操作;
其中所述成像终端可操作使得当所述第一用户可选的聚焦操作模式激活时,在所述成像终端响应于触发信号激活而为所述成像透镜组件确定焦点设置时,第一候选焦点设置集处于激活状态;
其中所述成像终端可操作使得当所述第二用户可选的聚焦操作模式激活时,在所述成像终端响应于触发信号激活而为所述成像透镜组件确定焦点设置时,第二候选焦点设置集处于激活状态;
其中所述成像终端可进一步操作使得当所述第三用户可选的聚焦操作模式激活时,在触发信号激活时,预定焦点设置处于激活状态。
6.如权利要求5所述的成像终端,其中所述成像终端可操作使得利用用户输入的范围信息限定第一焦点设置侯选集,并且其中所述成像终端可进一步操作使得通过选择提示限定第二焦点设置侯选集,所述提示由所述成像终端参引特定物品类型的通用名来呈现。
7.如权利要求5所述的成像终端,其中所述成像终端包括显示器并且所述成像终端可操作使得在图像捕获过程中显示被图像捕获的物品的表示;其中所述成像终端包括于系统中,所述系统具有说明手册,其包括在所述物品被图像捕获时提示操作者改变物品和所述成像终端的相对位置的说明,使得使用所述物品的表示填充所述显示器的指定边界。
8.一种成像终端,包括:
图像传感器阵列和成像透镜组件,所述成像透镜组件用于聚焦目标图像到该图像传感器阵列上,所述图像传感器阵列具有多个像素,所述成像透镜组件是能够被设成多个不同焦点设置的可变成像透镜组件;
手持外壳,并有所述图像传感器阵列;
其中所述成像终端能够以第一和第二用户可选的聚焦配置操作;
其中所述成像终端可操作使得当所述第一用户可选的聚焦配置激活时,在所述成像终端响应于触发信号激活而为所述成像透镜组件确定焦点设置时,候选焦点设置集处于激活状态;
其中所述成像终端可进一步操作使得当所述第二用户可选的聚焦配置激活时,在触发信号激活时,预定焦点设置处于激活状态。
9.如权利要求8所述的成像终端,其中所述成像终端可操作呈现提示以提示操作者选择所述第二用户可选的聚焦配置,所述提示参引特定物品类型的通用名。
10.如权利要求8所述的成像终端,其中所述成像终端可操作使得当所述第一用户可选聚焦配置激活时,在触发信号激活时,候选聚焦设置全集处于激活状态,所述第一聚焦配置是全集聚焦配置。
11.如权利要求8所述的成像终端,其中所述成像终端包括显示器,其中所述成像终端可操作以在所述显示器上显示对应于正在被图像捕获的物品的物品表示,其中所述成像终端可操作以在所述显示器上显示提示,提示用户改变所述物品和所述成像终端的相对位置,以使所述物品表示填充所述显示器的指定边界。
12.一种系统,包括:
成像终端,具有图像传感器阵列以及成像透镜组件,所述成像透镜组件用于聚焦目标图像到该图像传感器阵列上,所述图像传感器阵列具有多个像素,所述成像终端进一步包括手持外壳,手持外壳并有所述图像传感器阵列,所述成像终端进一步包括显示器并且可操作以在所述显示器上显示正在被图像捕获的物品的物品表示;
说明手册,用来提示所述成像终端的用户改变所述成像终端和所述物品之间的相对位置,以使所述物品表示填充所述显示器的指定边界。
13.如权利要求12所述的系统,其中所述系统被配置为使所述说明手册电子地显示于所述显示器上。
14.如权利要求12所述的系统,其中所述成像透镜组件是能够被设成多个不同焦点设置的可变成像透镜组件,其中所述成像终端能够以对应于第一物品类型的第一用户可选的聚焦操作模式以及对应于第二物品类型的第二用户可选的聚焦操作模式操作,其中所述成像终端可操作使得,在第一用户可选的聚焦操作模式激活的情况下捕获物品表示的过程中,所述成像终端确定所述成像透镜组件的焦点设置处于第一焦点设置,并且其中所述成像终端可进一步操作使得,在第二用户可选的聚焦操作模式激活的情况下捕获物品表示的过程中,所述成像终端确定所述成像透镜组件的焦点设置处于第二焦点设置。
15.如权利要求12所述的系统,其中所述成像透镜组件是能够被设成多个不同焦点设置的可变成像透镜组件,其中所述成像终端能够以对应于第一物品类型的第一用户可选的聚焦操作模式以及对应于第二物品类型的第二用户可选的聚焦操作模式操作,其中所述成像终端可操作使得,在第一用户可选的聚焦操作模式激活的情况下捕获物品表示的过程中,所述成像终端确定所述成像透镜组件的焦点设置处于第一聚焦设置以及所述提示包括垂直显示于显示器上的消息,并且其中所述成像终端可进一步操作使得,在第二用户可选的聚焦操作模式激活的情况下捕获物品表示的过程中,所述成像终端确定所述成像透镜组件的焦点设置处于第二焦点设置以及所述提示包括水平显示于显示器上的消息。
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EP2479703B1 (en) | 2014-06-04 |
CN102999745B (zh) | 2016-10-05 |
US8692927B2 (en) | 2014-04-08 |
EP2479703A1 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
US20120182461A1 (en) | 2012-07-19 |
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