CN100394423C - 数据同步接口 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种符合本发明的系统与方法提供了便于系统间通信的接口。源系统(310)将数据转化成XML格式,并将数据发送至同步器接口工具。同步器工具将数据储存在持久的中间存储器中,如队列(225),使得源系统可以脱机或执行其它任务,而同时把数据传输至目标系统。同步器工具启动数据向目标系统的传输。如果目标系统表明它接收到了数据,同步器工具向源系统发送肯定应答,表明数据已接收。如果目标系统没有接收到传输的数据,同步器工具就把数据保留在当前的中间存储器中,并重新启动数据向目标系统的传输。
Description
相关申请的参照
本申请要求于2001年8月15日提交的申请号为60/312,737的待批临时申请的权利,该临时申请通过引用整体结合在此。
发明背景
I.技术领域
本发明一般地涉及系统之间的通信,尤其涉及用于辅助系统和/或数据库之间数据和信息传输的通信接口。
II.相关技术
无线设备,如蜂窝电话、个人数字助理(“PDA”)、寻呼机、具有无线连接的笔记本电脑等等,通过无线网络传递包含语音和数字的信息包。这些无线设备在其本地计算机平台上装有应用编程接口(“API”),使得软件开发者可以创建运行于无线设备的软件应用程序。API连接着无线设备的系统软件和软件应用程序,使应用程序可以使用无线设备的功能,而软件开发者不需要拥有特定的无线设备系统源代码。
这些无线设备通常需要同其它系统以及其它系统中的数据库进行通信。令人遗憾的是,无线设备可能在通信过程中丢失信号,或者在向其它系统传输信息时无法使用。当信号丢失时,如果试图访问数据库将产生错误。当重新获得信号时,无线设备需要重新启动数据库访问并重新递交数据库请求。
将范围从无线设备扩大出去,有线系统经常需要相互通信,但却不共享相似的通信“语言”。例如,与无线设备相同,一个系统可能需要同另一系统中的数据库进行通信,来接收或插入数据。为了同数据库进行通信,系统必须能识别数据库语言、记录和域的结构以及格式,以便对数据库进行访问并储存信息。尽管当前技术为系统和数据库之间的接口所提供的能力包括数据库的语言、结构和格式,但当需要访问诸如可能需要多独特数据库语言的多数据库时,将会变得更加复杂。
此外,当数据发送至多系统,或者从多系统接收时,缺乏一个共用接口来整合多系统,从而简化数据传输。这对于同多个其它系统通信的系统来说是一个问题。
因此,本领域技术需要的是一种接口,用来简化一个或多个数据库之间的通信,并在多个系统之间提供可靠而安全的信息传输。
现有技术中的方法并未解决这一需求。如果需要访问多个数据库,数据库复制服务和自定义建立数据库接口将变得十分复杂和难以操纵。此外,所有需要访问自定义数据库的系统都必须具备该接口。同时,自定义建立的数据库必须保持联机以备出现交易。
电子数据交换(“EDI”)仅着眼于特定电子商务的预定义信息类型和内容的需求。EDI信息格式并未解决数据交换需求,因为它同无线服务、系统整合考虑和付帐特性相关。
发明概述
根据本发明的系统和方法通过允许应用程序基于一组同应用程序相关联的许可而访问设备的资源,从而克服了现有系统的缺点。
在一个实施例中,本发明提供了一种在接口中处理信息的方法,包括从源系统接收第一格式的信息、将数据存入持久的中间存储器、启动信息向目标系统的传送同时保留信息、接收向目标系统的信息传送不成功的指示以及重新启动信息向目标系统的传送。该方法还包括储存从同多个目标系统相关联的多个源系统收到的信息以及启动从多个源系统到相关的多个目标系统的数据传输。该方法还可包括接收源系统的肯定应答,表明目标系统的肯定应答已收到,并将数据从持久的中间存储器中删除。
阅读以下附图简要说明、发明的详细描述以及权利要求书,将更清楚本发明的其它目的、优点和特征。
附图简要说明
附图被并入说明书并组成说明书的一个部分,展示了本发明目前优选的实施例,附图连同上述概述及以下对优选实施例的详细描述一起解释本发明的原理。在附图中:
图1是无线网络以及能够在本发明的示例实施例中使用的计算机硬件和无线设备的示意图;
图2是无线网络硬件组件的框图,该无线网络提供了本发明示例实施例中不同无线设备、应用程序下载服务器和数据库之间的通信;
图3是描述本发明示例实施例中检测同步器工具接口结构的框图;以及
图4是描绘本发明示例实施例中同步器工具接口操作过程的流程图。
发明的详细描述
以下将详细参照附图所示的本发明当前的示例性优选实施例,在整个附图中,相同的标号标识相同或相应的部件。对本领域的技术人员而言,结合附图阅读以下详细描述,将更清楚本发明的特征、目的以及优点。
图1描绘了一种结构,其中本发明的一个实施例可以采用一个或多个无线设备来实现,如蜂窝电话12。无线设备通过无线网络14同至少一个网络服务器进行通信,如应用程序下载服务器16,服务器16通过无线通信入口或者其它到无线网络14的数据接入向无线设备选择性地下载或提供软件应用程序及其它数据的访问。如图所示,无线设备可以是具有图形显示屏13的蜂窝电话12、具有PDA屏幕19的个人数字助理18、具有图形显示屏21的寻呼机20,这里显示为双向文本寻呼机,甚至可以是具有无线通信入口和显示器23的独立计算机平台22,另外该计算机平台也可以具有到网络或因特网的有线连接24。系统10可以包括任何形式的具有无线通信入口的远程计算机模块,包括但不限于:无线调制解调器、PCMCIA卡、接入终端、个人计算机、接入终端、不带显示屏或键区的电话,或者以上的任何组合或子组合。
图中,应用程序下载服务器16位于本地服务器端网络26上,与其它计算机元件一起同无线网络14进行通信,如数据库28,其中存有应用程序、包含软件应用程序的数据以及无线设备12、18、20、22可访问并可下载的数据。
图2是本发明的示例实施例中提供不同无线设备、应用程序下载服务器和数据库之间的通信的无线网络硬件组件的框图。无线网络14仅作示例,可以包含任何系统,借助这类系统,诸如无线设备12、18、20、22远程模块在彼此间和/或在无线网络14的组件间进行空中通信,无线网络的组件包括但不限于无线网络运载和/或服务器。应用程序下载服务器(“ADS”)16和已存应用程序数据库28将设立在蜂窝数字网络上,同时还设立提供蜂窝电信服务所需的其它任何组件。服务器32还提供由一个或其它组件所使用的其它功能,如应用程序下载服务器的应用程序管理功能。服务器32和ADS使用同步器接口工具(未示出)用来在系统间传递数据。系统的服务器或其它组件可以同此处未示出的其它系统相接口来发送或接收数据。同步器工具也可以用来支持同这些其它系统的通信。
应用程序下载服务器16和/或其他服务器通过数据链路,如因特网、安全局域网、广域网或其它网络,与运载网络40进行通信。运载网络40控制被发送至信息服务控制器(“MSC”)42的信息(通常为数据包)。运载网络40通过网络、即因特网和/或POTS(“普通电话系统”)同MSC 42进行通信。通常来说,运载网络40和MSC 42之间的网络或因特网连接用来传输数据,POTS用来传输语音信息。MSC 42连接至多个基站(“BTS”)44。同运载网络类似,MSC 42通常同时通过网络和/或因特网以及POTS同BTS 44连接,其中网络和/或因特网用来传输数据,POTS传输用来语音信息。BTS 44最终通过短消息服务(“SMS”)或其它本领域已知的空中方式将消息无线地广播至无线设备,如蜂窝电话12。
无线设备,如蜂窝电话12,具有计算机通信平台50,它能够接收并执行软件应用程序,并显示从应用程序下载服务器16发送的数据。计算机平台50也使得无线设备能够同常驻于网络服务器上的数据和应用程序进行交互。计算机平台50包括显示驱动器52,用来驱动图形显示器13并根据计算机平台50处接收到的图形数据将图像重现在图形显示器13上。计算机平台50还包括专用集成电路(“ASIC”)54或其它处理器、微处理器、逻辑电路或其它数据处理设备。ASIC 54在无线设备生产时就已安装,通常不可升级。ASIC 54或其它处理器执行同无线设备内存58中任意常驻程序相接口的应用程序编程接口(“API”)层56。内存可以包括只读或随机存取存储器(RAM和ROM)、EPROM、EEPROM、闪存卡或计算机平台通用的任意存储器。计算机平台50还包括本地数据库60,存有未在内存58中积极使用的软件应用程序,如从应用程序下载服务器16下载的软件应用程序。本地数据库60通常由一个或多个闪存单元组成,但也可以是本领域中已知的任意二级或三级存储设备,如磁介质、EPROM、EEPROM、光介质、磁带或软/硬盘。
无线设备,如蜂窝电话12,能够访问并下载许多类型的应用程序,如游戏和股票监控、或仅仅诸如新闻和体育相关数据这样的数据。所下载的数据可以立即显示在显示器上,也可以在不使用时存入本地数据库60中。软件应用程序可以被视为常驻在无线设备12、18、20、22上的常规软件应用程序,无线设备的用户可以选择性地将所存储的常驻应用程序从本地数据库60上传到内存58,用来在API 56上执行。无线设备12、18、20、22的终端用户也可以选择性地从本地数据库60中删除软件应用程序。
图3是描绘本发明一个示例实施例中同步器工具接口结构的框图。在一个实施例中,同步器工具305使一个RDBMS系统中的表格能够通过标准XML接口与目标系统相同步。本领域的技术人员认识到,XML语言是一种实现选择,也可使用其它语言。此外,还认识到同步器工具可以用来在计算机系统或子系统间同步或传递其它信息,而不仅局限于来自RDBMS表的信息。另外,接口同目标和源系统之间的连接可以通过任意通信媒介来实现,如无线,包括RF、卫星和红外通信,以及有线的通信方法。在一个实施例中,通信媒介是基于IP的媒介。
从源系统310中的RDBMS 320接收到的数据被存储在同步器工具305的队列325中。该数据被转化为普通文件格式,如XML。通过像队列这样的存储机制,即使源系统310脱机的情况下,同步器工具也可以保留RDBMS 315的数据。当被发送至目标系统315的数据在RDBMS 315中重复时,还可以实现同步器工具305来向源系统310提供肯定应答(目标系统可以向同步器工具305提供肯定应答,表明发生了重复,确认已收到数据或确认执行其它处理)。
源系统310与同步工具305相连接。该连接可以通过任意通信机制实现,包括无线和/或有线连接(或两者的组合)。同步器工具305对源系统来说可以是本地的,也可以是远程的。源系统通过这一连接向同步器工具发送信息。该信息可以是用于复制到远程数据库的数据,也可以是指向另一系统的任意类型的信息,如消息请求、数据请求或其它数据传输。在一个实施例中,源系统310采用XML格式向同步器工具305发送该信息。
目标系统从同步器工具305接收信息,并可以以肯定应答向同步器工具305响应。或者,同步器工具也可以直接同目标系统300中的子系统(如RDBMS315)进行交互来完成任务,如数据复制。
必须注意到,目标系统300和源系统310的定义在某种程度上是任意的。在一个事件中一个系统可以是源系统,用来向目标系统发送数据,但在另一事件中该系统可以是目标系统,用来接收从另一系统发送来的数据。
图4是描述本发明的一个示例实施例中同步器工具接口操作过程的流程图。在该方法中,首先令源系统将数据转化为XML格式(步骤400)或其它普通格式。该数据的形式可以是目标系统的标量数据、对目标系统的信息的请求或者为目标系统的处理而被传递的其它信息。接着,该数据被发送至同步器工具并由其接收(步骤405)。
数据储存在持久中间存储器中(步骤405),如同步器工具内的队列。这使源系统和目标系统之间具有某种程度的独立性。源系统可以产生请求、将其储存至队列中,并且可以在请求被传送至目标系统并由其处理时脱机。另外,同步器工具也可以向源系统发送一个肯定应答,确认已收到数据。
然后数据以XML的格式从同步工具发送至目标系统(步骤415)。必须注意的是,“数据”可以是任意需发送至目标系统的信息。它可以是用来复制到目标系统RDBMS的数据。也可以是发送到目标系统的任意类型的命令或信息,使目标系统可以对其进行处理。另外,可能有多个目标系统接收数据。同步器工具可以对多个目的地的多个数据传输请求进行排队,这些请求包括多目标系统目的地请求。
接着,该方法继续到启动RDBMS上转化后的命令(步骤415)。当把命令转化为RDBMS适用的语言后,它可以通过对目标系统RDBMS的直接访问来或者通过发送命令至处理器,如目标系统中的处理器来启动该命令。
如果目标系统接收到了数据(步骤420),则执行“是”分支,并发送一个肯定应答至源系统(步骤425)。源系统将该肯定应答格式化为源系统可读的格式,如XML。如果源系统未联机,该肯定应答被排队,对源系统采取进一步的尝试以通知它数据已被发送至目标系统。同步器工具可以通过从目标系统接收肯定应答来确定目标系统是否已接收到数据。
如果如步骤420所确定的那样在目标系统处有接收到数据,譬如在目标系统或RDBMS脱机的情况下才能出现,则执行“否”分支,数据保留在队列中并重试(步骤430)以启动步骤415中所述的数据向目标系统的传输。有很多排队算法和时间参数可以用来确定何时启动向目标系统的另一次传输。较好的算法和时间是由处理容量、效率、可用资源(如可用的排队内存)以及其它本系统的实现因素所决定的。
上述对本发明的一种实现的描述是演示和说明性的。并非穷尽全部实现,也不是把本发明局限于所描述的具体形式。可通过对上述内容的学习及实践来对本发明进行修改和变化。例如,上述实施例是由软件实现的,然而本发明的一个实施例可以以软硬件结合或独立硬件的形式来实现。本发明可以同时以面向对象和非面向对象编程系统来实现。另外,尽管本发明的各方面对象是储存在内存中,对本领域的技术人员而言,这些对象也可储存在其它类型的计算机可读介质中,如二级存储设备,如硬盘、软盘或CD-ROM;来自因特网的运载或其它传播介质;或其它形式的RAM或ROM。
另外,需注意的是,根据后附权利要求及其等效权利要求所定义的,可以在不脱离本发明范围的情况下对本发明作出各种变化和修改。此外,尽管本发明的元件是以单个的形式描述或要求权利的,如果没有特别声明对单个形式的限制,也可以考虑多个形式。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于在同步接口对信息进行同步的方法,包括:
从源系统接收普通格式的信息,所述信息已经被源系统从初始格式转化为所述普通格式,所述初始格式是源系统可读的;
储存所述普通格式的信息;
将普通格式的信息转化为最终格式,所述最终格式是目标系统可读的;
将最终格式的信息传输给目标系统,同时保留信息;
接收普通格式的目标系统肯定应答,表明目标系统已接收到信息,该普通格式的目标系统肯定应答表明所述信息在源系统和目标系统之间同步;以及
在接收到目标系统肯定应答后向源系统发送肯定应答。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述普通格式是XML格式。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述目标系统包括数据库,所述信息包括用于在所述数据库中复制的数据。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述信息是指向目标系统的命令,指向源系统的所述普通格式的目标系统肯定应答指示所述命令已被处理。
5.一种用于在同步接口对信息进行同步的方法,包括:
从源系统接收普通格式的信息,所述信息已经被源系统从初始格式转化为所述普通格式,所述初始格式是源系统可读的;
将普通格式的信息储存在持久的中间存储器中;
将普通格式的信息转化为最终格式,所述最终格式是目标系统可读的;将最终格式的信息传输给目标系统,同时保留信息;
响应于接收到表明最终格式的信息向目标系统的传输不成功的指示,重新启动最终格式的信息向目标系统的传输;
接收普通格式的目标系统肯定应答,表明目标系统已接收到信息,所述目标系统肯定应答表明所述信息在源系统和目标系统之间同步;以及
如果接收到普通格式的目标系统肯定应答,则将信息从持久的中间存储器中删除。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括:
储存从同多个目标系统相关联的多个源系统接收到的信息;
将信息从多个源系统传输到相关的多个目标系统;
7.一种同步接口,其特征在于,它包括:
网络接口,可操作为与源系统和目标系统进行通信;
存储器,用于储存来自源系统的普通格式的信息;
处理器,耦连到所述网络接口和所述存储器;
其中所述处理器被配置成:
从源系统接收普通格式的信息,所述信息已经被源系统从初始格式转化为所述普通格式,所述初始格式是源系统可读的;
将普通格式的信息存入存储器;
将普通格式的信息转化为最终格式,所述最终格式是目标系统可读的;
将最终格式的信息传输给目标系统,同时保留信息;
接收普通格式的目标系统肯定应答,表明目标系统已接收到信息,所
述普通格式的目标系统肯定应答表明所述信息在源系统和目标系统之间同步;
响应于接收到目标系统肯定应答,向源系统发送肯定应答。
8.如权利要求7所述的同步接口,其特征在于,所述处理器还被配置成重新启动信息向目标系统的传输。
9.一种用于同步信息的同步接口,包括:
从源系统接收普通格式的信息的装置,所述信息已经被源系统从初始格式转化为所述普通格式,所述初始格式是源系统可读的;
储存所述普通格式的信息的装置;
将普通格式的信息转化为最终格式的装置,所述最终格式是目标系统可读的;
将最终格式的信息传输给目标系统同时保留信息的装置;
接收普通格式的目标系统肯定应答的装置,该目标系统肯定应答表明目标系统已接收到所述信息,该普通格式的目标系统肯定应答表明所述信息在源系统和目标系统之间同步;以及
当收到目标系统肯定应答后向源系统发送肯定应答的装置。
10.一种设备,当其耦合到计算机时控制该计算机在同步接口中对信息进行同步,所述设备包括:
当耦合到计算机时控制该计算机从源系统接收普通格式的信息的装置,所述信息已经被源系统从初始格式转化为所述普通格式,所述初始格式是源系统可读的;
当耦合到计算机时控制该计算机储存所述普通格式的信息的装置;
当耦合到计算机时控制该计算机将普通格式的信息转化为最终格式的装置,所述最终格式是目标系统可读的;
当耦合到计算机时控制该计算机将最终格式的信息传输给目标系统同时保留该信息的装置;
当耦合到计算机时控制该计算机接收普通格式的目标系统肯定应答的装置,该目标系统肯定应答表明目标系统已接收到信息,该普通格式的目标系统肯定应答表明所述信息在源系统和目标系统之间同步;以及
当耦合到计算机时控制该计算机在收到目标系统肯定应答后向源系统发送肯定应答的装置。
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