WO2020054816A1 - 中空重合体粒子及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
中空重合体粒子及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020054816A1 WO2020054816A1 PCT/JP2019/035960 JP2019035960W WO2020054816A1 WO 2020054816 A1 WO2020054816 A1 WO 2020054816A1 JP 2019035960 W JP2019035960 W JP 2019035960W WO 2020054816 A1 WO2020054816 A1 WO 2020054816A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C08L101/02—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/18—Suspension polymerisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F212/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
- C08F212/06—Hydrocarbons
- C08F212/08—Styrene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/10—Esters
- C08F222/1006—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols
- C08F222/103—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols of trialcohols, e.g. trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F230/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal
- C08F230/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing phosphorus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D143/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, or a metal; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D143/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing phosphorus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C09D201/02—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/326—Magnesium phosphate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to hollow polymer particles and a method for producing the same.
- Polymer particles having voids inside are being developed as functional members such as light diffusing agents, matting agents, heat insulating agents, and lightening agents, utilizing the voids.
- Patent Document 1 describes an invention relating to a hollow porous resin particle having a mesoporous structure and an outer shell formed on the surface thereof. It is described that the hollow porous resin particles can be obtained by simultaneously reacting an oil-soluble polymerization initiator and a water-soluble polymerization initiator when a polymerizable monomer is subjected to suspension polymerization in an aqueous system.
- the hollow porous resin particles have an extremely thin and brittle surface layer, there is a high risk that the particles will be broken when an external force is applied and the inside will be exposed.
- Patent Document 2 describes porous resin particles made of a methacrylic resin and having a porous inside and a non-porous surface layer provided on the surface. It is said that the porous resin particles are obtained by swelling finely-crosslinked (0.15%) particles with an alcohol solvent, and then dropping them into an aqueous system to precipitate and remove the alcohol.
- porous resin particles also do not have a sufficient cross-linking structure and lack the strength of the particles, so that the particles may be deformed by an external force and the internal pores may be crushed.
- the solvent resistance is insufficient, and it is difficult to use it with a medium other than the aqueous medium.
- the conventional hollow porous particles have insufficient mechanical strength, and are liable to be deformed and broken when an external force is applied, and it is difficult to maintain the shape in a state where an external force is applied. Even when such hollow porous particles having insufficient mechanical strength are used as a light diffusing agent or a matting agent to produce an optical film and a paint, a coating film formed by the obtained optical film and the paint is obtained. Is easily damaged.
- an object of the present invention is to provide hollow polymer particles having high mechanical strength.
- the inventor of the present invention has conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, a hollow particle having a predetermined volume average particle diameter, which is made of a polymer containing a predetermined monomer unit, has high mechanical strength. It has been found that hollow particles can be provided. The present inventors have further studied based on such findings, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention provides the following hollow polymer particles.
- Item 1 Hollow polymer particles comprising a polymer containing a vinyl monomer unit and a phosphate ester monomer unit, and having a volume average particle size of 0.5 to 1000 ⁇ m.
- Item 2. The hollow polymer particles according to Item 1, wherein the phosphate ester monomer unit has an ethylenically unsaturated group.
- Item 3. Item 3. The hollow polymer particles according to item 1 or 2, wherein the phosphate ester monomer unit is represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 is a (meth) acrylic group or an allyl group
- R 2 is a linear or branched alkylene group
- m is an integer of 1 to 30
- n is 0 or 1
- v is an integer of 1 to 10.
- X is 1 or 2.
- Item 4. Consisting of a polymer containing a vinyl monomer unit, The phosphorus element content is 2 to 200 mg / kg, the alkaline earth metal element content is 1 to 100 mg / kg, and the phosphorus element content is larger than the alkaline earth metal element content; Hollow polymer particles having a volume average particle size of 0.5 to 1000 ⁇ m.
- Item 6. Item 5. The hollow polymer particles according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the inside of the particles has a porous structure.
- Item 7. Item 5. The hollow polymer particle according to any one of Items 1 to 4, having only one hole inside the particle.
- Item 8. A resin composition comprising the hollow polymer particles according to any one of Items 1 to 7. Item 9. Item 8. A coating composition comprising the hollow polymer particles according to any one of Items 1 to 7. Item 10. Item 8. A cosmetic comprising the hollow polymer particles according to any one of Items 1 to 7. Item 11. Item 8. A light diffusion film comprising the hollow polymer particles according to any one of Items 1 to 7. Item 12.
- a method for producing hollow polymer particles Characterized in that a monomer mixture containing from 0.01 to 1 part by mass of a phosphoric acid ester-based monomer unit to 100 parts by mass of a vinyl-based monomer unit is subjected to suspension polymerization in the presence of a non-polymerizable organic compound and a dispersant, A method for producing polymer particles.
- Item 13 Item 13. The method for producing hollow polymer particles according to Item 12, wherein the dispersant is a phosphate of an alkaline earth metal.
- the hollow polymer particles of the present invention have high mechanical strength.
- the hollow polymer particles of the present invention are composed of a polymer containing a vinyl monomer unit and a phosphate ester monomer unit, and have a volume average particle diameter of 0.5 to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the hollow polymer particles of the present invention may have a form having one hollow structure inside the particles, or may have a porous structure inside the particles.
- the shape of the particles is preferably spherical in consideration of the mechanical strength of the particles.
- the volume average particle diameter of the hollow polymer particles is 0.5 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 2 ⁇ m or more.
- the volume average particle diameter of the hollow polymer particles is 1000 ⁇ m or less, preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the volume average particle diameter of the hollow polymer particles exceeds 1000 ⁇ m, the hollow polymer particles fall off from the coating film.
- the volume average particle diameter of the hollow polymer particles can be obtained by the Coulter method.
- the volume average particle diameter of the hollow polymer particles is measured using Coulter Multisizer TM 3 (a measuring device manufactured by Beckman Coulter, Inc.). More specifically, the measurement is performed using an aperture calibrated in accordance with the Multisizer TM 3 User's Manual issued by Beckman Coulter, Inc.
- the aperture used for the measurement is appropriately selected depending on the size of the hollow polymer particles to be measured.
- Current (aperture current) and Gain (gain) are appropriately set according to the size of the selected aperture. For example, when an aperture having a size of 50 ⁇ m is selected, the current (aperture current) is set to ⁇ 800 and the gain is set to 4.
- 0.1 g of the hollow polymer particles was put into a 0.1% by weight nonionic surfactant aqueous solution 10 ml in a touch mixer (manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd., “TOUCHMIXER MT-31”) and an ultrasonic cleaner ( Dispersion was performed using "ULTRASONIC CLEANER VS-150" manufactured by Vervocreer Co., Ltd. to obtain a dispersion.
- the inside of the beaker is gently stirred so that no air bubbles enter, and the measurement is terminated when 100,000 hollow polymer particles have been measured.
- the volume average particle diameter of the hollow polymer particles is an arithmetic average in a volume-based particle size distribution of 100,000 particles.
- the surface of the hollow polymer particles preferably has a non-porous shape. More specifically, the specific surface area of the hollow polymer particles is preferably 1 m 2 / g or more, more preferably 1.5 m 2 / g or more. By employing such a configuration, high light diffusivity can be obtained. On the other hand, the specific surface area of the hollow polymer particles is preferably 30 m 2 / g or less, more preferably 25 m 2 / g or less, for the reason that the particle surface has little shrinkage and cracking. In this specification, the specific surface area of the hollow polymer particles is defined as a value measured by a BET method (nitrogen adsorption method) described in ISO 9277 1st edition JIS Z 8830: 2001.
- the bulk specific gravity of the hollow polymer particles is preferably 0.1 g / cm 3 or more, more preferably 0.15 g / cm 3 or more, because the strength is high.
- the bulk specific gravity of the hollow polymer particles is preferably 0.4 g / cm 3 or less, and more preferably 0.35 g / cm 3 or less, because light diffusivity can be obtained by adding a small amount of the hollow polymer particles. More preferred.
- the bulk specific gravity of the hollow polymer particles is measured in accordance with JIS K5101-12-1 (Pigment Test Method-Part 12: Apparent Density or Apparent Specific Volume-Section 1: Standing Method). Is defined as
- the hollow polymer particles are composed of a polymer containing a vinyl monomer unit and a phosphate ester monomer unit.
- vinyl monomer unit to be used known units can be widely used, and there is no particular limitation.
- monofunctional vinyl monomer units having one ethylenically unsaturated group include (meth) acrylic acid, alkyl (meth) acrylate monomer units, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and 2-methoxy methacrylate.
- Examples include ethyl, glycidyl methacrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate, heptadecafluorodecyl methacrylate, a styrene monomer unit, and vinyl acetate.
- the alkyl group contained in the alkyl (meth) acrylate-based monomer unit may be linear or branched.
- alkyl (meth) acrylate-based monomer examples include alkyl acrylates such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate; n-butyl methacrylate And alkyl methacrylate of 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, and isobornyl methacrylate.
- the alkyl group contained in the alkyl (meth) acrylate-based monomer is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the carbon number of the alkyl group contained in the alkyl (meth) acrylate-based monomer is in the range of 1 to 8, the stability of the dispersion during suspension polymerization is excellent, and as a result, high mechanical strength is obtained. Hollow polymer particles are easily obtained.
- Examples of the styrene-based monomer include styrene, p-methylstyrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene and the like.
- Examples of the polyfunctional vinyl monomer unit having two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups include a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate monomer unit and an aromatic divinyl monomer unit.
- polyfunctional (meth) acrylate monomer examples include ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, and tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate.
- aromatic divinyl monomer examples include divinylbenzene, divinylnaphthalene, and derivatives thereof.
- the above-mentioned vinyl monomer unit provides hollow polymer particles having excellent solvent resistance in addition to high mechanical strength. For this reason, it is preferable to include a polyfunctional vinyl monomer unit such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, and divinylbenzene.
- a polyfunctional vinyl monomer unit such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, and divinylbenzene.
- the content of the polyfunctional vinyl monomer unit is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, in 100% by mass of the entire vinyl monomer unit.
- the content of the polyfunctional vinyl-based monomer unit is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 40% by mass or less based on 100% by mass of the entire vinyl-based monomer unit.
- the content of the polyfunctional vinyl monomer unit is 50% by mass or less, the surface of the obtained hollow polymer particles has a small shrinkage and a high strength.
- Phosphate ester monomer units are acidic phosphate ester monomer units because they are easily oriented on the droplet surface during suspension polymerization and act with inorganic dispersants to increase the hardness near the particle surface. Is preferred.
- the acidic phosphate ester monomer unit is an acidic phosphate ester monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group because the particle hardness can be increased by copolymerizing with the vinyl monomer near the droplet surface during suspension polymerization. Is preferred.
- examples of the acidic phosphoric acid ester monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group include those having a structural formula represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 is a (meth) acrylic group or an allyl group
- R 2 is a linear or branched alkylene group
- m is an integer of 1 to 30
- n is 0 or 1
- v is an integer of 1 to 10.
- X is 1 or 2.
- caprolactone EO-modified dimethacrylate phosphate represented by the following formula (2) (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., product name: KAYAMER @ PM-21) and poly-polyamide represented by the following formula (3)
- Oxypropylene allyl ether phosphate (Adeka Corporation, product name: Adecaria Soap @ PP-70) and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl acid phosphate can be exemplified.
- the content of the phosphate ester monomer unit is preferably at least 0.01 part by mass, more preferably at least 0.05 part by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the vinyl monomer unit.
- a monomer unit having a phosphate ester moiety as a main skeleton is contained in an amount of 0.01 part by mass or more based on 100 parts by mass of a vinyl monomer unit, there is an advantage that a hollow structure can be formed.
- the content of the phosphoric acid ester-based monomer unit is preferably 1 part by mass or less, more preferably 0.8 part by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the vinyl-based monomer unit.
- the amount of the phosphoric ester-based monomer unit is 1 part by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the vinyl-based monomer unit, there is an advantage that the obtained hollow polymer particles can easily maintain a substantially spherical shape. It is preferable that the phosphate ester monomer unit is copolymerized with the vinyl monomer unit because a hollow polymer particle having high strength can be obtained.
- the hollow polymer particles may optionally contain one or more kinds of various components such as pigments, antioxidants, fragrances, UV protection agents, surfactants, preservatives, and medicinal components, as necessary.
- the present invention also provides a polymer comprising a vinyl monomer unit, wherein the content of a phosphorus element is 2 to 200 mg / kg, the content of an alkaline earth metal element is 1 to 100 mg / kg, and Is greater than the content of the alkaline earth metal element, and the invention relates to hollow polymer particles having a volume average particle size of 0.5 to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the size and shape of the hollow polymer particles of the second invention are the same as those of the first invention. Further, the vinyl monomer unit is the same as that described above in the first invention.
- the content of the phosphorus element content in the hollow polymer particles of the second invention is larger than the content of the alkaline earth metal.
- the content of these elements can be measured by any elemental analysis, and for example, can be measured by high frequency inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP emission spectroscopy).
- the content of the phosphorus element in the hollow polymer particles is 2 mg / kg or more, preferably 5 mg / kg or more. When the content of the phosphorus element is less than 2 mg / kg, it is difficult to form a hollow structure in the hollow polymer particles. On the other hand, the content of the phosphorus element in the hollow polymer particles is 200 mg / kg or less, and preferably 100 mg / kg or less. If the content of the phosphorus element exceeds 200 mg / kg, the mechanical strength of the hollow polymer particles becomes insufficient.
- the content of the alkaline earth metal element in the hollow polymer particles is 1 mg / kg or more, and preferably 3 mg / kg or more.
- the phosphorus element and the alkaline earth metal element form a dense film on the surface layer of the hollow polymer particles due to the interaction between the two, and remarkably improve the mechanical strength of the hollow polymer particles. Therefore, when the content of the alkaline earth metal element in the hollow polymer particles is less than 1 mg / kg, the above-mentioned coating is not formed sufficiently, and the mechanical strength of the hollow polymer particles becomes insufficient.
- the content of the alkaline earth metal element in the hollow polymer particles is 100 mg / kg or less, and preferably 80 mg / kg or less.
- the content of the alkaline earth metal element exceeds 100 mg / kg, the dispersion stability of the hollow polymer particles in the coating film at the time of forming the coating film becomes poor, or when the film is formed, Or the scratch resistance may deteriorate.
- the kind of alkaline earth metal element contained in the hollow polymer particles is not particularly limited. However, magnesium or calcium is preferred.
- the hollow polymer particles may contain phosphate ester monomer units.
- the hollow polymer particles are made of a polymer containing the above-mentioned vinyl monomer unit and phosphate ester monomer unit.
- the phosphate ester monomer unit include the same units as those in the first invention.
- the specific surface area and bulk specific gravity of the hollow polymer particles are the same as in the first invention.
- the hollow polymer particles may optionally contain one or more kinds of various components such as a pigment, an antioxidant, a fragrance, an ultraviolet ray protective agent, a surfactant, a preservative, and a medicinal component.
- the hollow polymer particles of the first and second inventions have excellent mechanical strength and can be suitably used for resin compositions, coating compositions, cosmetics, light diffusion films, and the like.
- the resin formed from the resin composition obtained by using the hollow polymer particles of the present invention, the coating film formed from the coating composition, and the light diffusion film have a remarkable effect of being excellent in scratch resistance.
- the present invention also includes an invention relating to a method for producing hollow polymer particles.
- the method for producing hollow polymer particles of the present invention includes a step of suspension-polymerizing a mixture of a non-polymerizable organic compound and a polymerizable monomer, wherein the polymerizable monomer is phosphorous based on 100 parts by mass of a vinyl monomer unit. It is characterized by containing 0.01 to 1 part by mass of a polymerizable monomer unit having an acid ester site.
- the same monomer units as described above can be used.
- a mixture of a vinyl monomer unit and a polymerizable monomer unit having a phosphate ester site undergoes suspension polymerization in the presence of a non-polymerizable organic compound.
- the non-polymerizable organic compound functions as a so-called solvent, and also contributes to the formation of a hollow structure or a porous structure inside the hollow polymer particles.
- an organic solvent having a boiling point of 30 ° C. or more and 200 ° C. or less because it exists as a liquid in a temperature range where the polymerization step is performed. More specifically, saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-pentane, isopentane, n-hexane, cyclohexane, and n-heptane; aromatic compounds such as toluene and benzene; and acetate compounds such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate. And one or more selected from the group consisting of fluorine compounds such as hydrofluoroethers and hydrofluorocarbons.
- saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-pentane, isopentane, n-hexane, cyclohexane, and n-heptane
- aromatic compounds such as toluene and benzene
- acetate compounds such as ethyl acetate and butyl a
- the use amount of the non-polymerizable organic compound is preferably 10 to 250 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the mixture of the above-mentioned vinyl monomer unit and the polymerizable monomer unit having a phosphate ester site.
- the amount of the non-polymerizable organic compound is 10 parts by mass or more, the hollow structure or the porous structure inside the hollow polymer particles can be more reliably formed.
- the amount of the non-polymerizable organic compound is 250 parts by mass or less, sufficient strength of the obtained hollow polymer particles can be ensured.
- radical polymerization initiators it is also preferable to use a radical polymerization initiator in order to accelerate the polymerization reaction of the monomer unit used.
- Known radical polymerization initiators can be widely used, and are not particularly limited.
- examples of the radical polymerization initiator include oil-soluble azo compounds such as 2,2′-azobis 2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile and 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide, and benzoyl peroxide.
- examples include oil-soluble peroxides such as lauroyl oxide, octanoyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, propyl peroxydicarbonate, cumene hydroperoxide, and t-butyl hydroperoxide.
- polymerization initiators can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the polymerization initiator to be added is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable monomer, since the polymerization of the polymerizable monomer can be smoothly started. It is more preferred to be parts by mass.
- a dispersant a dispersing aid, a surfactant, a pH adjuster, a water-soluble polymerization inhibitor, and an antioxidant may be added to the suspension, if necessary. Is also preferred.
- dispersant known dispersants can be widely used, and there is no particular limitation. However, it is preferable to use an inorganic dispersant because a hollow polymer particle having high strength can be obtained. More specifically, water-insoluble salts such as magnesium pyrophosphate, calcium carbonate, tribasic calcium phosphate, barium carbonate, etc., inorganic dispersants such as silica and zirconium oxide, talc, bentonite, silicic acid, diatomaceous earth, viscosity, etc. And the like can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- water-insoluble salts such as magnesium pyrophosphate, calcium carbonate, tribasic calcium phosphate, barium carbonate, etc.
- inorganic dispersants such as silica and zirconium oxide, talc, bentonite, silicic acid, diatomaceous earth, viscosity, etc. And the like can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the metal ion interacts with the phosphate portion of the phosphate monomer to form a dense coating on the surface.
- hollow polymer particles having high strength can be obtained.
- magnesium or calcium can be suitably used as the alkaline earth metal.
- the amount of the dispersant to be added is preferably 0.1 to 100% by mass of the total amount of the polymerizable monomer, because the stability of the oil droplets of the polymerizable monomer solution is secured and hollow polymer particles having a uniform particle diameter are obtained.
- the content is preferably 1 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 3% by mass.
- a high-pressure dispersing machine using a collision force between droplets or a collision force against a machine wall, such as a microfluidizer or a nanomizer, is used.
- the suspension polymerization may be performed by dispersing droplets.
- the polymerization temperature is preferably in the range of 30 to 105 ° C.
- the time for maintaining the polymerization temperature is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 20 hours.
- a suspension containing the hollow polymer particles containing the non-polymerizable organic compound in the particles is obtained.
- the suspension is distilled to remove non-polymerizable organic compounds.
- the hollow polymer particles are separated by filtration to remove the aqueous medium, washed with water or a solvent, and then dried to form a hollow.
- the polymer particles are isolated.
- the hollow polymer particles may be isolated by distilling the suspension, removing the dispersion stabilizer, washing, and then removing the non-polymerizable organic compound by drying. I can do it.
- the thus obtained hollow polymer particles of the present invention have a high mechanical strength, so that optical films and optical sheets, light diffusing agents such as lighting covers, paints, matting agents such as inks, paints, sheets, etc. It can be suitably used as a particle for a lightening agent such as a heat insulating agent, a resin or a molded product.
- the present invention is not limited to such an example, and it is needless to say that the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the gist of the present invention.
- the measurement of the hollow polymer particles was performed by the Coulter method as follows.
- the volume average particle diameter of the hollow polymer particles is measured using Coulter Multisizer TM 3 (a measuring device manufactured by Beckman Coulter, Inc.).
- the measurement shall be performed using an aperture calibrated in accordance with the Multisizer TM 3 User's Manual issued by Beckman Coulter, Inc.
- the aperture used for the measurement is appropriately selected depending on the size of the hollow polymer particles to be measured.
- Current (aperture current) and Gain (gain) are appropriately set according to the size of the selected aperture.
- the current is set to ⁇ 800 and the gain is set to 4.
- 0.1 g of the hollow polymer particles was put into a 0.1% by weight nonionic surfactant aqueous solution 10 ml in a touch mixer (manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd., “TOUCHMIXER MT-31”) and an ultrasonic cleaner ( Dispersion was performed using "ULTRASONIC CLEANER VS-150" manufactured by Vervocreer Co., Ltd. to obtain a dispersion.
- the volume average particle diameter of the hollow polymer particles is an arithmetic average in a volume-based particle size distribution of 100,000 particles.
- the specific surface area of the hollow polymer particles was measured by the BET method (nitrogen adsorption method) described in ISO 9277 1st edition JIS Z 8830: 2001.
- the BET nitrogen adsorption isotherm was measured using an automatic specific surface area / pore distribution measuring device Tristar II manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, and the ratio was determined from the nitrogen adsorption amount using the BET multipoint method. The surface area was calculated.
- the said pre-processing specifically, while heating the container containing resin particles at 65 degreeC, performing nitrogen purge for 20 minutes, allowing it to cool to room temperature, and then heating the container at 65 degreeC, This was performed by performing vacuum degassing until the pressure in the container became 0.05 mmHg or less.
- the bulk specific gravity of the hollow polymer particles was measured according to JIS K5101-12-1 (Pigment Test Method-Part 12: Apparent Density or Apparent Specific Volume-Section 1: Standing Method).
- Example 1 105 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate, 45 parts by mass of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 0.3 parts by mass of “KAYAMER (registered trademark) PM-21” (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) as a polymerizable monomer having an acidic phosphate group.
- An oil phase was prepared by mixing 0.45 parts by mass of AVN (manufactured by Nippon Finechem) as a polymerization initiator and 75 parts by mass of ethyl acetate and 75 parts by mass of cyclohexane as non-polymerizable organic compounds.
- AVN manufactured by Nippon Finechem
- An aqueous phase was prepared by mixing 900 parts by mass of deionized water as an aqueous medium and 23 parts by mass of magnesium pyrophosphate produced by a double decomposition method as a dispersant.
- the oil phase was dispersed in the aqueous phase at 8000 rpm for 5 minutes using a TK-homomixer (manufactured by Primix) to obtain a dispersion of about 8 ⁇ m. Thereafter, the dispersion was put into a polymerization vessel equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, the internal temperature of the polymerization vessel was raised to 55 ° C., and the suspension was stirred for 5 hours. Was heated to 70 ° C.
- the suspension was stirred at 70 ° C. for 2 hours to complete the suspension polymerization reaction.
- the dispersant magnesium pyrophosphate contained in the suspension was decomposed with hydrochloric acid.
- the suspension was dehydrated by filtration to separate a solid content, and the solid content was washed with sufficient water.
- vacuum drying was performed at 70 ° C. for 24 hours to remove non-polymerizable organic compounds, thereby obtaining spherical polymer particles.
- the average particle size of the obtained polymer particles was 8.0 ⁇ m. According to SEM observation, the obtained polymer particles had a porous shape inside. Where bulk density was measured specific surface area before and after 0.33 g / ml, also obtained particles were treated at a pressure of 0.4MPa at a jet mill, at 8.2m 2 /g,23.2m 2 / g there were.
- Example 2 Polymer particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that styrene was 54 parts by mass, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate 36 parts by mass, cyclohexane 105 parts by mass, and ethyl acetate 105 parts by mass.
- Example 3 Polymer particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 135 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate and 15 parts by mass of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate were used.
- Example 4 Polymer particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 105 parts by mass of isobutyl methacrylate and 45 parts by mass of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate were used.
- Example 5 Except that 105 parts by mass of styrene, 45 parts by mass of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, and 0.8 parts by mass of “Adecaria Soap PP-70” (manufactured by ADEKA) as a polymerizable monomer having an acidic phosphate group were used. Polymer particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 6 Polymer particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the non-polymerizable organic compound was changed to 150 parts by mass of cyclohexane. The obtained particles had only one pore therein.
- Example 7 In Example 1, when the adjusted oil phase was dispersed in the aqueous phase, the rotation speed of the TK-homomixer was changed to 2500 rpm to obtain a dispersion of about 35 ⁇ m. After the subsequent polymerization step, polymer particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 8 65 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate, 85 parts by mass of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 0.3 parts by mass of polymerizable monomer “KAYAMER (registered trademark) PM-21” having an acidic phosphate ester group, and AVN 0.75 as a polymerization initiator
- the oil phase was prepared by mixing 75 parts by mass of ethyl acetate and 75 parts by mass of cyclohexane as the non-polymerizable organic compound. Further, 900 parts by mass of deionized water as an aqueous medium and 90 parts by mass of tribasic calcium phosphate as a dispersant were mixed to prepare an aqueous phase.
- polymer particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the average particle size of the obtained polymer particles was 8.0 ⁇ m.
- the obtained polymer particles had a porous shape inside.
- bulk density was measured specific surface area before and after 0.32 g / ml, also obtained particles were treated at a pressure of 0.4MPa at a jet mill, at 7.2m 2 /g,10.2m 2 / g there were.
- Example 1 Polymer particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that KAYMER PM-21 was not used as a polymerizable monomer having an acidic phosphate group. The obtained particles were porous particles.
- aqueous phase was adjusted by mixing.
- the oil phase was dispersed in the aqueous phase at 8000 rpm for 5 minutes using a TK-homomixer (manufactured by Primix) to obtain a dispersion of about 8 ⁇ m.
- the dispersion liquid was put into a polymerization vessel equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, the internal temperature of the polymerization vessel was raised to 60 ° C., and the stirring of the suspension was continued for 5 hours.
- the suspension was dehydrated by filtration to separate the solid content, and the solid content was washed with sufficient water.
- vacuum drying was performed at 70 ° C. for 24 hours to remove non-polymerizable organic compounds, thereby obtaining polymer particles.
- the average particle size of the obtained polymer particles was 8.0 ⁇ m. According to SEM observation, the obtained polymer particles had a porous shape inside.
- the phosphorus element content and the alkaline earth metal element content were measured using a multi-type ICP emission spectrometer (“ICPE-9000” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). Approximately 1.0 g of the hollow polymer particles were precisely weighed, and the precisely weighed hollow polymer particles were heated at 450 ° C. for 3 hours using an electric furnace (muffle furnace STR-15K manufactured by Isuzu Co., Ltd.). It was made. The ashed hollow polymer particles were dissolved in 2 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid, and the volume was made up to 50 ml with distilled water to obtain a measurement sample.
- ICPE-9000 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation
- the measurement sample was measured by the above-mentioned multi-type ICP emission spectrometer under the following measurement conditions, and the peak intensity at the wavelength of each element (Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cr, P) was obtained.
- each element (in the measurement sample) was determined based on the calibration curve for quantification created by the following calibration curve creation method.
- the concentration ( ⁇ g / ml) of Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cr, P) was calculated.
- the calculated concentration Tc ( ⁇ g / ml) of each element (Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cr, P) and the weight W (g) of the precisely weighed hollow polymer particles are expressed by the following equation. By substituting, the amounts of the respective elements in the hollow polymer particles were calculated.
- Element amount (Tc ( ⁇ g / ml) / W (g)) ⁇ 50 (ml) ⁇ Measurement conditions> Measurement wavelength: Na (589.592 nm), Ca (317.933 nm), Mg (285.213 nm), Fe (238.204 nm), Cr (205.552 nm), P (177.499 nm) Observation direction: axial direction High frequency output: 1.20 kW Carrier flow rate: 0.7 L / min Plasma flow rate: 10.0 L / min Auxiliary flow rate: 0.6 L / min Exposure time: 30 seconds ⁇ Calibration curve creation method> A standard solution for a calibration curve (“XSTC-13 (general-purpose mixed standard solution), SPEX, USA, 31 element mixture (base 5% HNO 3) —about 10 mg / l each) is diluted and prepared stepwise with distilled water.
- XSTC-13 general-purpose mixed standard solution
- SPEX USA, 31 element mixture (base 5% HNO
- 0 ppm (blank), 0.2 ppm, 1 ppm, 2.5 ppm, and 5 ppm were prepared.
- the standard solution of each concentration was measured by the above-mentioned multi-type ICP emission spectrometer under the above-mentioned measurement conditions, and the peak intensity at the wavelength of each element (Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cr) was obtained.
- the concentration and peak intensity are plotted, an approximate line (linear or quadratic curve) is obtained by the least squares method, and the obtained approximate line is used as a calibration curve for quantification. did.
- the hollow polymer particles of each comparative example were subjected to jet mill treatment, whereby the particles were collapsed and the internal porous structure was exposed, and the specific surface area was remarkable as compared with before the jet mill treatment. Increased. In contrast, it was confirmed that the hollow polymer particles of each example tended to suppress an increase in the specific surface area after the jet mill treatment.
- Example 9 7.5 parts by weight of the hollow polymer particles obtained in Example 2, 30 parts by weight of an acrylic resin (manufactured by DIC, product name Acridic A811), and 10 parts by weight of a crosslinking agent (manufactured by DIC, product name VM-D) And 50 parts by mass of butyl acetate as a solvent were mixed for 3 minutes using a stirring and defoaming apparatus, and defoamed for 1 minute to obtain a light diffusing resin composition.
- the obtained light-diffusing resin composition was applied on a 125- ⁇ m-thick PET film using a coating device equipped with a blade with a clearance of 50 ⁇ m, and then dried at 70 ° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a light-diffusing film A.
- the total light transmittance of the light diffusion film was measured according to JIS K7361-1, and the haze (haze) was measured according to JIS K7136. Specifically, the total light transmittance and haze of the light diffusion film were measured using a haze meter (NDH2000) commercially available from Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.
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Abstract
Description
項1.
ビニル系モノマー単位及びリン酸エステル系モノマー単位を含む重合体からなり、体積平均粒子径が0.5~1000μmであることを特徴とする、中空重合体粒子。
項2.
前記リン酸エステル系モノマー単位がエチレン性不飽和基を有する、項1に記載の中空重合体粒子。
項3.
前記リン酸エステル系モノマー単位は、下記式(1)により表される、項1又は2に記載の中空重合体粒子。
項4.
ビニル系モノマー単位を含む重合体からなり、
リン元素の含有量が2~200mg/kg、アルカリ土類金属元素の含有量が1~100mg/kgであり、且つ、リン元素の含有量がアルカリ土類金属元素の含有量よりも多く、
体積平均粒子径が0.5~1000μmである、中空重合体粒子。
項5.
比表面積が1~30m2/gであり、且つ、嵩比重が0.1~0.4g/cm3である、項1~4の何れかに記載の中空重合体粒子。
項6.
粒子内部が多孔質構造である、項1~4の何れかに記載の中空重合体粒子。
項7.
粒子内部に孔を1つのみ有する、項1~4の何れかに記載の中空重合体粒子。
項1~7の何れかに記載の中空重合体粒子を含む、樹脂組成物。
項9.
項1~7の何れかに記載の中空重合体粒子を含む、塗料組成物。
項10.
項1~7の何れかに記載の中空重合体粒子を含む、化粧料。
項11.
項1~7の何れかに記載の中空重合体粒子を含む、光拡散フィルム。
項12.
中空重合体粒子の製造方法であって、
リン酸エステル系モノマー単位をビニル系モノマー単位100質量部に対し0.01~1質量部含むモノマー混合物を非重合性有機化合物及び分散剤の存在下で懸濁重合することを特徴とする、中空重合体粒子の製造方法。
項13.
前記分散剤はアルカリ土類金属のリン酸塩である、項12に記載の中空重合体粒子の製造方法。
本発明の中空重合体粒子は、ビニル系モノマー単位及びリン酸エステル系モノマー単位を含む重合体からなり、体積平均粒子径が0.5~1000μmである。
また、本発明は、ビニル系モノマー単位を含む重合体からなり、リン元素の含有量が2~200mg/kg、アルカリ土類金属元素の含有量が1~100mg/kgであり、且つ、リン元素の含有量がアルカリ土類金属元素の含有量よりも多く、体積平均粒子径が0.5~1000μmである中空重合体粒子に関する発明を包含する。
また、本発明は、中空重合体粒子の製造方法に関する発明を包含する。本発明の中空重合体粒子の製造方法は、非重合性有機化合物と重合性モノマーの混合物を懸濁重合する工程を有し、前記重合性モノマーは、ビニル系モノマー単位100質量部に対し、リン酸エステル部位を有する重合性モノマー単位を0.01~1質量部含むことを特徴とする。
中空重合体粒子の測定は、以下のようにしてコールター法により行った。
中空重合体粒子の体積平均粒子径は、コールターMultisizerTM 3(ベックマン・コールター株式会社製測定装置)により測定する。測定は、ベックマン・コールター株式会社発行のMultisizerTM 3ユーザーズマニュアルに従って校正されたアパチャーを用いて実施するものとする。
なお、測定に用いるアパチャーは、測定する中空重合体粒子の大きさによって、適宜選択する。Current(アパチャー電流)及びGain(ゲイン)は、選択したアパチャーのサイズによって、適宜設定する。例えば、50μmのサイズを有するアパチャーを選択した場合、Current(アパチャー電流)は-800、Gain(ゲイン)は4と設定する。測定用試料としては、中空重合体粒子0.1gを0.1重量%ノニオン性界面活性剤水溶液10m1中にタッチミキサー(ヤマト科学株式会社製、「TOUCHMIXER MT-31」)及び超音波洗浄器(株式会社ヴェルヴォクリーア製、「ULTRASONIC CLEANER VS-150」)を用いて分散させ、分散液としたものを使用する。測定中はビーカー内を気泡が入らない程度に緩く攪拌しておき、中空重合体粒子を10万個測定した時点で測定を終了する。中空重合体粒子の体積平均粒子径は、10万個の粒子の体積基準の粒度分布における算術平均である。
中空重合体粒子の比表面積は、ISO 9277第1版 JIS Z 8830:2001記載のBET法(窒素吸着法)により測定した。対象となる中空重合体粒子について、株式会社島津製作所社製の自動比表面積/細孔分布測定装置TristarIIを用いてBET窒素吸着等温線を測定し、窒素吸着量からBET多点法を用いて比表面積を算出した。
中空重合体粒子の嵩比重は、JISK5101-12-1(顔料試験方法-第12部:見掛け密度又は見掛け比容-第1節:静置法)に準拠して測定した。
メチルメタクリレート105質量部、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート45質量部、酸性リン酸エステル基を有する重合性モノマーとしての「KAYAMER(登録商標)PM-21」(日本化薬社製)0.3質量部と、重合開始剤としてのAVN(日本ファインケム社製)0.45質量部、非重合性有機化合物として酢酸エチル75質量部とシクロヘキサン75質量部とを混合して油相を調整した。また、水性媒体としての脱イオン水900質量部と、分散剤としての、複分解法により生成させたピロリン酸マグネシウム23質量部とを混合して、水相を調整した。
次に、上記油相を上記水相中にTK-ホモミキサー(プライミクス社製)を用い、8000rpmにて5分間分散させておよそ8μmの分散液を得た。その後、撹拌機及び温度計を備えた重合器にこの分散液を入れ、重合器の内部温度を55℃に昇温して上記懸濁液の撹拌を5時間続けた後、重合器の内部温度を70℃に昇温(二次昇温)し、上記懸濁液を70℃で2時間撹拌することによって、懸濁重合反応を完了させた。
上記懸濁液を冷却した後、この懸濁液に含まれている分散剤(ピロリン酸マグネシウム)を塩酸によって分解した。その後、懸濁液を濾過により脱水して固形分を分離し、十分な水により固形分を洗浄した。その後、70℃で24時間真空乾燥することで非重合性有機化合物を除去し、球状の重合体粒子を得た。得られた重合体粒子の平均粒子径は8.0μmであった。得られた重合体粒子はSEM観察によると、内部が多孔質状の形状であった。嵩比重は0.33g/ml、また得られた粒子をジェットミルにて0.4MPaの圧力で処理した前後の比表面積を測定したところ、8.2m2/g、23.2m2/gであった。
スチレン54質量部、エチレングリコールジメタクリレート36質量部、シクロヘキサン105質量部、酢酸エチル105質量部としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合体粒子を得た。
メチルメタクリレート135質量部、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート15質量部としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合体粒子を得た。
イソブチルメタクリレート105質量部、エチレングリコールジメタクリレート45質量部としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合体粒子を得た。
スチレン105質量部、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート45質量部、酸性リン酸エステル基を有する重合性モノマーとしての「アデカリアソープPP-70」(ADEKA社製)0.8質量部としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合体粒子を得た。
非重合性有機化合物をシクロヘキサン150質量部としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合体粒子を得た。得られた粒子は内部に孔が1つだけの存在する粒子であった。
実施例1において、調整した油相を、水相に分散させる際にTK-ホモミキサーの回転数を2500rpmに変更し、およそ35μmの分散液を得た。その後の重合工程以降は、実施例1と同様にして重合体粒子を得た。
メチルメタクリレート65質量部、エチレングリコールジメタクリレート85質量部、酸性リン酸エステル基を有する重合性モノマー「KAYAMER(登録商標)PM-21」0.3質量部と、重合開始剤としてのAVN 0.75質量部、非重合性有機化合物として酢酸エチル75質量部とシクロヘキサン75質量部とを混合して油相を調整した。また、水性媒体としての脱イオン水900質量部と、分散剤としての、第三リン酸カルシウム90質量部とを混合して、水相を調整した。
上記以外は実施例1と同様にして重合体粒子を得た。得られた重合体粒子の平均粒子径は8.0μmであった。得られた重合体粒子はSEM観察によると、内部が多孔質状の形状であった。嵩比重は0.32g/ml、また得られた粒子をジェットミルにて0.4MPaの圧力で処理した前後の比表面積を測定したところ、7.2m2/g、10.2m2/gであった。
酸性リン酸エステル基を有する重合性モノマーとしてのKAYMER PM-21を用いなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、重合体粒子を得た。得られた粒子は、多孔質状の粒子であった。
スチレン105質量部、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート45質量部、油溶性重合開始剤としてのAVN(日本ファインケム社製)1.5質量部、非重合性有機化合物としてシクロヘキサン150質量部とを混合して油相を調整した。また、水性媒体としての脱イオン水900質量部と、界面活性剤としての、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム1質量部、水溶性重合開始剤としてのVA-057(和光純薬社製)2.3質量部を混合して水相を調整した。
次に、上記油相を上記水相中にTK-ホモミキサー(プライミクス社製)を用い、8000rpmにて5分間分散させておよそ8μmの分散液を得た。その後、撹拌機及び温度計を備えた重合器にこの分散液を入れ、重合器の内部温度を60℃に昇温して上記懸濁液の撹拌を5時間続けた後、重合器の内部温度を70℃に昇温(二次昇温)し、上記懸濁液を70℃で2時間撹拌することによって、懸濁重合反応を完了させた。
上記懸濁液を冷却した後、懸濁液を濾過により脱水して固形分を分離し、十分な水により固形分を洗浄した。その後、70℃で24時間真空乾燥することで非重合性有機化合物を除去し、重合体粒子を得た。得られた重合体粒子の平均粒子径は8.0μmであった。得られた重合体粒子はSEM観察によると、内部が多孔質状の形状であった。
得られた各実施例及び比較例の中空重合体粒子を、ジェットミル(カレントジェットCJ-10 日清エンジニアリング社製)で圧力0.4MPa、供給量5g/minで通過させた。
リン元素含有量、アルカリ土類金属元素含有量はマルチタイプICP発光分光分析装置(株式会社島津製作所製、「ICPE-9000」)を用いて、測定した。中空重合体粒子約1.0gを精秤し、精秤した中空重合体粒子を、電気炉(株式会社いすず製のマッフル炉STR-15K)を用いて450℃で3時間加熱することにより、灰化させた。灰化した中空重合体粒子を濃塩酸2mlに溶解させ、蒸留水にて50mlにメスアップして測定試料とした。その後、測定試料について、下記測定条件にて、上記マルチタイプICP発光分光分析装置による測定を実施し、各元素(Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cr、P)の波長のピーク強度を得た。次いで、得られた各元素(Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cr、P)の波長のピーク強度から、下記検量線作成方法により作成した定量用の検量線に基づき、測定試料中の各元素(Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cr、P)の濃度(μg/ml)を算出した。そして、算出した各元素(Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cr、P)の濃度Tc(μg/ml)と、上記の精秤した中空重合体粒子の重量W(g)とを以下の式に代入し、中空重合体粒子中の各元素量を算出した。
元素量=(Tc(μg/ml)/W(g))×50(ml)
<測定条件>
測定波長:Na(589.592nm)、Ca(317.933nm)、Mg(285.213nm)、Fe(238.204nm)、Cr(205.552nm)、P(177.499nm)
観測方向:軸方向
高周波出力:1.20kW
キャリアー流量:0.7L/min
プラズマ流量:10.0L/min
補助流量:0.6L/min
露光時間:30秒
<検量線作成方法>
検量線用標準液(米国SPEX社製、「XSTC-13(汎用混合標準溶液)」、31元素混合(ベース5%HNO3)-各約10mg/l)を蒸留水で段階的に希釈調製して、0ppm(ブランク)、0.2ppm、1ppm、2.5ppm、及び5ppmの濃度の標準液をそれそれ調製した。各濃度の標準液について、上記測定条件にて上記マルチタイプICP発光分光分析装置による測定を実施し、各元素(Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cr)の波長のピーク強度を得た。各元素(Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cr)について、濃度とピーク強度をプロットし、最小二乗法による近似線(直線あるいは二次曲線)を求め、求めた近似線を定量用の検量線とした。
実施例2で得られた中空重合体粒子7.5質量部と、アクリル樹脂(DIC社製、製品名アクリディックA811)30質量部、架橋剤(DIC社製、製品名VM-D)10質量部、溶剤として酢酸ブチル50質量部とを攪拌脱泡装置を用いて、3分間混合し、1分間脱泡することによって、光拡散性樹脂組成物を得た。
得られた光拡散性樹脂組成物を、クリアランス50μmのブレードをセットした塗工装置を用いて、厚さ125μmのPETフィルム上に塗布した後、70℃で10分乾燥することによって光拡散フィルムAを得た。
比較例2得られた中空重合体粒子を用いたこと以外は、実施例9と同様にして、光拡散フィルムBを得た。
得られた光拡散フィルムの塗工面を、摩擦堅牢度試験機を用いて布で20回往復研磨し、研磨後の光拡散フィルムの傷付き具合を目視で観察した。線傷、及び塗膜の剥れがないものを○、線傷、塗膜の剥れが確認された場合は×とした。
光拡散フィルムの全光線透過率は、JISK7361-1にしたがって測定し、ヘイズ(ヘーズ)は、JISK7136にしたがって測定した。具体的には、光拡散フィルムの全光線透過率及びヘイズは、日本電色工業株式会社から市販されているヘイズメーター(NDH2000)を用いて測定した。
Claims (13)
- ビニル系モノマー単位及びリン酸エステル系モノマー単位を含む重合体からなり、体積平均粒子径が0.5~1000μmである、中空重合体粒子。
- 前記リン酸エステル系モノマー単位がエチレン性不飽和基を有する、請求項1に記載の中空重合体粒子。
- ビニル系モノマー単位を含む重合体からなり、
リン元素の含有量が2~200mg/kg、アルカリ土類金属元素の含有量が1~100mg/kgであり、且つ、リン元素の含有量がアルカリ土類金属元素の含有量よりも多く、
体積平均粒子径が0.5~1000μmである、中空重合体粒子。 - 比表面積が1~30m2/gであり、且つ、嵩比重が0.1~0.4g/cm3である、請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の中空重合体粒子。
- 粒子内部が多孔質構造である、請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の中空重合体粒子。
- 粒子内部に孔を1つのみ有する、請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の中空重合体粒子。
- 請求項1~7の何れか1項に記載の中空重合体粒子を含む、樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~7の何れか1項に記載の中空重合体粒子を含む、塗料組成物。
- 請求項1~7の何れか1項に記載の中空重合体粒子を含む、化粧料。
- 請求項1~7の何れか1項に記載の中空重合体粒子を含む、光拡散フィルム。
- リン酸エステル系モノマー単位をビニル系モノマー単位100質量部に対し0.01~1質量部含むモノマー混合物を非重合性有機化合物及び分散剤の存在下で懸濁重合することを特徴とする、中空重合体粒子の製造方法。
- 前記分散剤はアルカリ土類金属のリン酸塩である、請求項12に記載の中空重合体粒子の製造方法。
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| WO2023157597A1 (ja) * | 2022-02-18 | 2023-08-24 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | 中空樹脂粒子、その製造方法、およびその用途 |
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| EP3851464A4 (en) | 2022-06-15 |
| KR20210052522A (ko) | 2021-05-10 |
| EP3851464A1 (en) | 2021-07-21 |
| KR102540465B1 (ko) | 2023-06-05 |
| US20220041775A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 |
| CN112703212B (zh) | 2023-07-14 |
| JP7135095B2 (ja) | 2022-09-12 |
| CN112703212A (zh) | 2021-04-23 |
| JP7358586B2 (ja) | 2023-10-10 |
| JPWO2020054816A1 (ja) | 2021-08-30 |
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| JP2022169699A (ja) | 2022-11-09 |
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