WO2017175668A1 - 硬化物パターンの形成方法、加工基板の製造方法、光学部品の製造方法、回路基板の製造方法、電子部品の製造方法、インプリントモールドの製造方法、およびインプリント前処理コート用材料 - Google Patents
硬化物パターンの形成方法、加工基板の製造方法、光学部品の製造方法、回路基板の製造方法、電子部品の製造方法、インプリントモールドの製造方法、およびインプリント前処理コート用材料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017175668A1 WO2017175668A1 PCT/JP2017/013501 JP2017013501W WO2017175668A1 WO 2017175668 A1 WO2017175668 A1 WO 2017175668A1 JP 2017013501 W JP2017013501 W JP 2017013501W WO 2017175668 A1 WO2017175668 A1 WO 2017175668A1
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- RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C[CH]C=CC3=CC2=C1 RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000005453 ketone based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M merocyanine Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1N(CCCC)C(=O)N(CCCC)C(=O)C1=C\C=C\C=C/1N(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2O\1 DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YDKNBNOOCSNPNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 1,3-benzoxazole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(C(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 YDKNBNOOCSNPNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XURVRZSODRHRNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-quinodimethane Chemical group C=C1C=CC=CC1=C XURVRZSODRHRNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- YNXCGLKMOXLBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolan-2-ylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1CCCO1 YNXCGLKMOXLBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxophosphane Chemical compound P=O AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBDSZLJBMIMQRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-Cumylphenol Chemical class C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 QBDSZLJBMIMQRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRNFFDZCBYOZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-quinodimethane Chemical group C=C1C=CC(=C)C=C1 NRNFFDZCBYOZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXTZRIBXKVRLOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N padimate a Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 LXTZRIBXKVRLOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010702 perfluoropolyether Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001484 phenothiazinyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- WVIICGIFSIBFOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrylium Chemical class C1=CC=[O+]C=C1 WVIICGIFSIBFOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004053 quinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001022 rhodamine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002335 surface treatment layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940066767 systemic antihistamines phenothiazine derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKYDCMQQLGECPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiopyrylium Chemical class C1=CC=[S+]C=C1 OKYDCMQQLGECPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium tungsten Chemical compound [Ti].[W] MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLGKSXCGHMXELQ-ZRDIBKRKSA-N trans-2-styrylquinoline Chemical compound C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=NC=1\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 RLGKSXCGHMXELQ-ZRDIBKRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylphosphine Chemical compound CCCCP(CCCC)CCCC TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011850 water-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001018 xanthene dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007964 xanthones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/0002—Lithographic processes using patterning methods other than those involving the exposure to radiation, e.g. by stamping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/16—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. infrared heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/002—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/007—Forming single grooves or ribs, e.g. tear lines, weak spots
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- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/028—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with photosensitivity-increasing substances, e.g. photoinitiators
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/16—Coating processes; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/161—Coating processes; Apparatus therefor using a previously coated surface, e.g. by stamping or by transfer lamination
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/16—Coating processes; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/168—Finishing the coated layer, e.g. drying, baking, soaking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/022—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being a laminate, i.e. composed of sublayers, e.g. stacks of alternating high-k metal oxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
- H01L21/0273—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
- H01L21/0273—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
- H01L21/0274—Photolithographic processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
- B29C2791/004—Shaping under special conditions
- B29C2791/005—Using a particular environment, e.g. sterile fluids other than air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
- B29K2033/12—Polymers of methacrylic acid esters, e.g. PMMA, i.e. polymethylmethacrylate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cured product pattern forming method, a processed substrate manufacturing method, an optical component manufacturing method, a circuit board manufacturing method, an electronic component manufacturing method, an imprint mold manufacturing method, and an imprint pretreatment coating material. About.
- the resist is cured in a state where a mold (mold) having a fine uneven pattern formed on the surface is pressed against a substrate (wafer) coated with a photocurable composition (resist).
- a mold mold having a fine uneven pattern formed on the surface is pressed against a substrate (wafer) coated with a photocurable composition (resist).
- corrugated pattern of a mold is transcribe
- a fine structure of the order of several nanometers can be formed on a substrate.
- a resist is applied to the pattern formation region on the substrate (placement process).
- this resist is formed using a mold in which a pattern is formed (a mold contact step).
- a resin pattern photocured product having a predetermined shape is formed on the substrate.
- a fine structure can be formed on the entire substrate.
- a liquid resist 102 is discretely dropped onto a pattern formation region on the substrate 101 by using an ink jet method (arrangement step (1), FIGS. 1A to 1C).
- the dropped droplet of the resist 102 spreads on the substrate 101 as indicated by an arrow 104 indicating the direction of spread of the droplet, and this phenomenon is called pre-spread (FIG. 1C).
- this resist 102 is molded using a mold (mold) 105 having a pattern formed and transparent to irradiation light 106 described later (mold contact step (2), FIG. 1 (d) and (da). )).
- the droplet of the resist 102 spreads over the entire gap between the substrate 101 and the mold 105 as indicated by an arrow 104 indicating the direction in which the droplet spreads by capillary action (FIGS. 1D and 1D). .
- This phenomenon is called spread.
- the resist 102 is also filled into the recesses on the mold 105 by capillarity as indicated by the arrows 104 indicating the direction in which the droplets spread (FIG. 1 (da)). This filling phenomenon is called fill. The time until the spread and fill are completed is called the filling time.
- the resist 102 is cured by irradiating the irradiation light 106 (light irradiation process (3), FIG. 1E), and then the mold 105 is separated from the substrate 101 (mold release process ( 4), FIG. 1 (f)).
- a pattern of the cured resist 102 photocured film 107, FIGS. 1 (f) and (fa)
- the remaining film 108 may remain in the concave portion of the resist pattern corresponding to the convex portion of the mold 105 (FIG. 1 (fa)).
- SST-NIL short spread time nanoimprint technology
- the droplets of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 that are dropped in a discrete manner are indicated by the arrows 204 that indicate the direction in which the droplets spread on the liquid film of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202. Therefore, the filling time is short and the throughput is high.
- the detailed mechanism of SST-NIL will be described later.
- the mixed layer formed by partially mixing the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) on the substrate is brought into contact with the mold to perform pattern transfer and molding. Therefore, the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) arranged on the substrate in the arranging step and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) given on the layer of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) in the applying step have a certain size or more. If foreign matter is present, the uneven pattern of the mold will be damaged or clogged.
- the present invention aims to improve the yield (throughput) of the SST-NIL process.
- the method for producing a cured product pattern according to the present invention includes: (1) a first step (arrangement step) of disposing a layer made of a liquid film of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) on the substrate; (2) The liquid of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) on the layer composed of the liquid film of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) as a component excluding the component (D) which is the solvent in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1).
- a second step of applying drops discretely (application step); (3) a third step (mold contact step) in which a mixed layer formed by partially mixing the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) is brought into contact with a mold having a pattern; (4) a fourth step (light irradiation step) of curing the mixed layer by irradiating light from the mold side; (5) a fifth step (mold releasing step) for separating the mold from the cured mixed layer;
- the surface tension is greater than It is characterized by that.
- the imprint pretreatment coating material of the present invention is an imprint pretreatment coating material comprising a curable composition ( ⁇ 1), and the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) is a pretreatment coat on a substrate.
- a curable composition ( ⁇ 1) is a pretreatment coat on a substrate.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) of the component ( ⁇ 1) excluding the component (D) which is a solvent has a surface tension larger than that of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2), and the curable composition.
- the number density of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more in the composition ( ⁇ 1) is less than 2021 / mL.
- the yield (throughput) of the imprint process can be improved.
- the imprint pretreatment coating material according to the present embodiment has a curable composition ( ⁇ 1).
- the imprint pretreatment coating material according to the present embodiment is made of a curable composition ( ⁇ 1).
- the imprint pretreatment coating material promotes the spread of droplet components in the substrate surface direction by forming a liquid film as a pretreatment coat on a substrate and applying droplets to the liquid film.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) has a number concentration of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more of less than 2021 / mL, and is applied to the applied droplet, that is, the curable composition disposed on the liquid film.
- the surface tension is larger than ( ⁇ 2).
- the “cured product” means a product obtained by polymerizing a polymerizable compound contained in a composition such as a curable composition and curing a part or all thereof.
- a composition such as a curable composition and curing a part or all thereof.
- the thickness of the cured product is extremely thin compared to the area, it may be described as “cured film”.
- the cured films are stacked in layers, they may be described as “cured layers”.
- the shapes of these “cured product”, “cured film”, and “cured layer” are not particularly limited, and the surface may have a pattern shape.
- each component according to the present embodiment will be described in detail.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ ) is a composition hardened
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) are compounds having at least a component (A) that is a polymerizable compound.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ ) may further contain a component (B) that is a photopolymerization initiator, a component (C) that is a non-polymerizable compound, and a component (D) that is a solvent.
- a curable composition ((alpha)) is a composition hardened
- curable composition ((alpha)) may contain the compound which has the reactive functional group which acts as a component (A) and a component (B) in the same molecule
- each component of the curable composition ( ⁇ ) will be described in detail.
- Component (A) is a polymerizable compound.
- the polymerizable compound is a component that reacts with a polymerization factor (radical or the like) generated from the component (B) that is a photopolymerization initiator and polymerizes by a chain reaction (polymerization reaction).
- a polymeric compound is a compound which forms the hardened
- it is preferable that all polymerizable compounds contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ ) are collectively used as the component (A). In this case, a configuration in which only one type of polymerizable compound is contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ ) and a configuration in which only a plurality of specific types of polymerizable compounds are included are included.
- Examples of such a polymerizable compound include a radical polymerizable compound.
- the polymerizable compound according to the present embodiment is more preferably a radical polymerizable compound.
- the radical polymerizable compound is preferably a compound having one or more acryloyl groups or methacryloyl groups, that is, a (meth) acrylic compound. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is preferable to contain a (meth) acrylic compound as the component (A) of the curable composition ( ⁇ ).
- the main component of a component (A) is a (meth) acryl compound, and also that all the polymeric compounds contained in curable composition ((alpha)) are (meth) acrylic compounds.
- the main component of component (A) is a (meth) acrylic compound” described here indicates that 90% by weight or more of component (A) is a (meth) acrylic compound.
- the radically polymerizable compound is composed of a plurality of types of (meth) acrylic compounds, it is preferable to include a monofunctional (meth) acrylic monomer and a polyfunctional (meth) acrylic monomer. This is because a cured product having high mechanical strength can be obtained by combining a monofunctional (meth) acrylic monomer and a polyfunctional (meth) acrylic monomer.
- Examples of monofunctional (meth) acrylic compounds having one acryloyl group or methacryloyl group include phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, phenoxy-2-methylethyl (meth) acrylate, phenoxyethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, and 3-phenoxy.
- polyfunctional (meth) acrylic compounds having two or more acryloyl groups or methacryloyl groups include trimethylolpropane di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, and EO-modified trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate.
- (meth) acrylate means acrylate or methacrylate having an alcohol residue equivalent thereto.
- the (meth) acryloyl group means an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group having an alcohol residue equivalent thereto.
- EO represents ethylene oxide
- EO-modified compound A refers to a compound in which the (meth) acrylic acid residue and alcohol residue of compound A are bonded via a block structure of an ethylene oxide group.
- PO represents propylene oxide
- PO-modified compound B refers to a compound in which the (meth) acrylic acid residue and alcohol residue of compound B are bonded via a block structure of a propylene oxide group.
- the blending ratio of the component (A) which is a polymerizable compound in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) is the total weight of the component (A), the component (B) and the component (C), that is, among the curable composition ( ⁇ 1). It is good in it being 50 to 100 weight% with respect to the total weight of the component of the curable composition ((alpha) 1 ') except the component (D) which is a solvent. Further, it is preferably 80% by weight or more and 100% by weight or less, and more preferably 90% by weight or more and 100% by weight or less.
- the obtained cured film has a certain mechanical strength. It can be set as the cured film which has.
- the blending ratio of the component (A) which is a polymerizable compound in the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) is the total weight of the component (A), the component (B) and the component (C), that is, of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2). It is good in it being 50 weight% or more and 99.9 weight% or less with respect to the total weight of the component of the curable composition ((alpha) 2 ') except the component (D) which is a solvent. Further, it is preferably 80% by weight or more and 99% by weight or less, and more preferably 90% by weight or more and 98% by weight or less.
- the obtained cured film has a certain mechanical strength. It can be set as the cured film which has.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) preferably contains the component (D), and the component (A) is a component of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) containing the component (D) which is a solvent. It is good that it is 0.01 weight% or more and 10 weight% or less with respect to the total weight.
- Component (B) is a photopolymerization initiator.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ ) according to the present embodiment is a component (B) that is a photopolymerization initiator, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired according to various purposes. ) May be contained.
- the component (B) may be composed of one type of polymerization initiator or may be composed of a plurality of types of polymerization initiators.
- the photopolymerization initiator is a compound that senses light of a predetermined wavelength and generates the polymerization factor (radical or the like).
- the photopolymerization initiator is a polymerization initiator (radical generator) that generates radicals by light (infrared rays, visible rays, ultraviolet rays, far ultraviolet rays, charged particle beams such as X-rays, electron beams, etc., radiation). It is.
- radical generator examples include 2- (o-chlorophenyl) -4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer, 2- (o-chlorophenyl) -4,5-di (methoxyphenyl) imidazole dimer, 2- May have a substituent such as (o-fluorophenyl) -4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer, 2- (o- or p-methoxyphenyl) -4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer, 4,5-triarylimidazole dimer; benzophenone, N, N′-tetramethyl-4,4′-diaminobenzophenone (Michler ketone), N, N′-tetraethyl-4,4′-diaminobenzophenone, 4-methoxy -4'-dimethylaminobenzophenone, 4-chlorobenzophenone, 4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, 4,4'-dia Benzoph
- benzoinmethy Benzoin ether derivatives such as ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin phenyl ether; benzoin derivatives such as benzoin, methyl benzoin, ethyl benzoin, propyl benzoin; benzyl derivatives such as benzyl dimethyl ketal; 9-phenylacridine, 1,7-bis (9 , 9′-acridinyl) heptane derivatives; N-phenylglycine derivatives such as N-phenylglycine; acetophenone, 3-methylacetophenone, acetophenone benzyl ketal, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2- Acetophenone derivatives such as phenylacetophenone; thiophenones such as thioxanthone, diethylthioxanthone, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, 2-
- the component (B) is preferably an acyl phosphine oxide polymerization initiator or an alkylphenone polymerization initiator.
- acylphosphine oxide polymerization initiators are 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phenylphosphine oxide, bis (2,6 -Dimethoxybenzoyl) -2,4,4-trimethylpentylphosphine oxide and other acyl phosphine oxide compounds.
- the alkylphenone polymerization initiator includes benzoin ether derivatives such as benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, and benzoin phenyl ether; benzoin derivatives such as benzoin, methyl benzoin, ethyl benzoin, and propyl benzoin; benzyldimethyl Benzyl derivatives such as ketals; acetophenone derivatives such as acetophenone, 3-methylacetophenone, acetophenone benzyl ketal, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone; 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- ⁇ -Amino aromatics such as (4-morpholinophenyl) -butanone-1,2-methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopropan-1-one A ketone derivatives.
- benzoin ether derivatives
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) preferably has substantially no photoreactivity.
- the compounding ratio in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) of the component (B) that is the photopolymerization initiator is the same as that of the component (C) that is the non-polymerizable compound described later.
- the total amount that is, less than 0.1% by weight with respect to the total weight of the components of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) excluding the component (D) as the solvent in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1).
- it is 0.01 weight% or less, More preferably, it is 0.001 weight% or less.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) has substantially no photoreactivity by setting the blending ratio of the component (B) to less than 0.1% by weight.
- leakage light may be generated when a certain shot is exposed, and a shot area that has not been subjected to the imprint process may be exposed adjacent to the shot. If the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) does not have photoreactivity, photocuring of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) due to the leakage light in the shot region where the imprint process has not been performed does not occur, and the shot A pattern with few unfilled defects can be obtained in the region and in a short filling time.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) preferably contains two or more kinds of photopolymerizable compounds (B). Thereby, the photocuring performance of the mixture of a curable composition ((alpha) 1) and a curable composition ((alpha) 2) can be improved.
- the blending ratio in the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) of the component (B) that is a photopolymerization initiator is the total weight of the component (A), the component (B), and the component (C) described later, that is, the curable composition ( It is 0% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less, preferably 0.1% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less based on the total weight of the components of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2 ′) excluding the component (D) which is the solvent in ⁇ 2).
- the curing rate of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) is adjusted such that the blending ratio of the component (B) is 0.1% by weight or more with respect to the total weight of the component (A), the component (B), and the component (C). Can be faster. As a result, the reaction efficiency can be improved. Further, by setting the blending ratio of the component (B) to 50% by weight or less with respect to the total weight of the component (A), the component (B), and the component (C), the obtained cured product has a certain mechanical strength. It can be set as the hardened
- the curable composition ( ⁇ ) according to the present embodiment is a non-polymerizable compound as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired in accordance with various purposes.
- the component (C) which is may be contained.
- Examples of such a component (C) include a sensitizer, a hydrogen donor, an internal release agent, a surfactant, an antioxidant, a polymer component, and other additives.
- a sensitizer is a compound added as appropriate for the purpose of promoting the polymerization reaction or improving the reaction conversion rate. Examples of the sensitizer include sensitizing dyes.
- the sensitizing dye is a compound that is excited by absorbing light of a specific wavelength and interacts with the photopolymerization initiator that is the component (B).
- the interaction described here refers to energy transfer, electron transfer, and the like from the sensitizing dye in the excited state to the photopolymerization initiator that is the component (B).
- sensitizing dyes include anthracene derivatives, anthraquinone derivatives, pyrene derivatives, perylene derivatives, carbazole derivatives, benzophenone derivatives, thioxanthone derivatives, xanthone derivatives, coumarin derivatives, phenothiazine derivatives, camphorquinone derivatives, acridine dyes, thiopyrylium salt series Dyes, merocyanine dyes, quinoline dyes, styrylquinoline dyes, ketocoumarin dyes, thioxanthene dyes, xanthene dyes, oxonol dyes, cyanine dyes, rhodamine dyes, pyrylium salt dyes, etc. These are not limited.
- a sensitizer may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in mixture of 2 or more types.
- the hydrogen donor is a compound that reacts with an initiation radical generated from the photopolymerization initiator as the component (B) or a radical at a polymerization growth terminal to generate a radical having higher reactivity.
- the hydrogen donor is preferably added when component (B) is a photoradical generator.
- hydrogen donors include n-butylamine, di-n-butylamine, tri-n-butylamine, allylthiourea, triethylamine, triethylenetetramine, 4,4′-bis (dialkylamino) benzophenone, N , N-dimethylaminobenzoic acid ethyl ester, N, N-dimethylaminobenzoic acid isoamyl ester, pentyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate, triethanolamine, amine compounds such as N-phenylglycine, 2-mercapto-N-phenylbenzo Examples include mercapto compounds such as imidazole and mercaptopropionic acid esters, sulfur compounds such as s-benzylisothuronium-p-toluenesulfinate, and phosphorus compounds such as tri-n-butylphosphine, but are not limited thereto. .
- a hydrogen donor may be used individually by 1 type
- an internally added release agent may be added to the curable composition ( ⁇ ).
- “internally added type” in this specification means that it is added to the curable composition ( ⁇ ) in advance before the arrangement or application step described later.
- the internal release agent include surfactants such as silicone surfactants, fluorine surfactants, and hydrocarbon surfactants.
- the internally added mold release agent has no polymerizability.
- Fluorosurfactants include polyalkylene oxide (polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, etc.) adducts of alcohols having a perfluoroalkyl group, polyalkylene oxide (polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, etc.) adducts of perfluoropolyether, etc. included.
- the fluorine-based surfactant may have a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkyl group, an amino group, a thiol group, or the like as part of the molecular structure (for example, a terminal group).
- fluorosurfactant A commercially available product may be used as the fluorosurfactant.
- fluorosurfactants include, for example, MegaFace F-444, TF-2066, TF-2067, TF-2068 (above, manufactured by DIC), Florad FC-430, FC-431 (above, Sumitomo 3M).
- the hydrocarbon-based surfactant examples include an alkyl alcohol polyalkylene oxide adduct obtained by adding an alkylene oxide having 2 to 4 carbon atoms to an alkyl alcohol having 1 to 50 carbon atoms.
- alkyl alcohol polyalkylene oxide adduct examples include methyl alcohol ethylene oxide adduct, decyl alcohol ethylene oxide adduct, lauryl alcohol ethylene oxide adduct, cetyl alcohol ethylene oxide adduct, stearyl alcohol ethylene oxide adduct, stearyl alcohol ethylene oxide adduct / Examples thereof include propylene oxide adducts.
- the terminal group of the alkyl alcohol polyalkylene oxide adduct is not limited to a hydroxyl group that can be produced by simply adding a polyalkylene oxide to an alkyl alcohol.
- This hydroxyl group may be converted to other substituents, for example, a polar functional group such as a carboxyl group, an amino group, a pyridyl group, a thiol group, or a silanol group, or a hydrophobic functional group such as an alkyl group or an alkoxy group.
- a polar functional group such as a carboxyl group, an amino group, a pyridyl group, a thiol group, or a silanol group
- a hydrophobic functional group such as an alkyl group or an alkoxy group.
- alkyl alcohol polyalkylene oxide adduct A commercial item may be used for the alkyl alcohol polyalkylene oxide adduct.
- Commercially available products of alkyl alcohol polyalkylene oxide adducts include, for example, polyoxyethylene methyl ether (methyl alcohol ethylene oxide adduct) (BLAUNON MP-400, MP-550, MP-1000) manufactured by Aoki Yushi Kogyo, Aoki Yushi Industrial polyoxyethylene decyl ether (decyl alcohol ethylene oxide adduct) (FINESURF D-1303, D-1305, D-1307, D-1310), polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (lauryl alcohol ethylene oxide) manufactured by Aoki Yushi Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- Adduct (BLAUNON EL-1505), polyoxyethylene cetyl ether (cetyl alcohol ethylene oxide adduct) (BLAUNON CH-305, CH-310) manufactured by Aoki Oil & Fats Industry, Polyoxyethylene stearyl ether (stearyl alcohol ethylene oxide adduct) (BLAUNON SR-705, SR-707, SR-715, SR-720, SR-730, SR-750) manufactured by Aoki Oil & Fat Industry, manufactured by Aoki Oil & Fat Industry Random polymerization type polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene stearyl ether (BLAUNON SA-50 / 50 1000R, SA-30 / 70 2000R), BASF polyoxyethylene methyl ether (Pluriol A760E), Kao polyoxyethylene alkyl ether ( Emulgen series) and the like, but is not limited thereto.
- the internally added mold release agent is preferably an alkyl alcohol polyalkylene oxide adduct, and
- One type of internally added mold release agent may be used alone, or two or more types may be mixed and used.
- At least one of a fluorine-based surfactant or a hydrocarbon-based surfactant may be added as the internally added mold release agent. preferable.
- the blending ratio in the curable composition ( ⁇ ) of the component (C) that is a non-polymerizable compound is the total weight of the component (A), the component (B), and the component (C), that is, the curable composition ( ⁇ ).
- the total weight of the components of the curable composition ( ⁇ ′) excluding the component (D) that is a solvent is 0% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less, preferably 0.1% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less. More preferably, it is 0.1% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less.
- the obtained cured product has a certain degree of mechanical strength. It can be a cured product.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ ) according to this embodiment may contain a component (D) that is a solvent.
- the component (D) is not particularly limited as long as it is a solvent in which the component (A), the component (B), and the component (C) are dissolved.
- a preferable solvent is a solvent having a boiling point of 80 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower at normal pressure. More preferably, it is a solvent having at least one of a hydroxyl group, an ether structure, an ester structure, and a ketone structure.
- component (D) examples include alcohol solvents such as propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, and butyl alcohol; ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, and ethylene glycol diethyl ether.
- alcohol solvents such as propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, and butyl alcohol
- ethylene glycol monomethyl ether ethylene glycol dimethyl ether
- ethylene glycol monoethyl ether ethylene glycol diethyl ether
- Ether solvents such as ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and propylene glycol monomethyl ether; ester solvents such as butyl acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate; methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, Cyclohexanone, 2-heptanone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, lactic acid Alone selected from ketone solvents, such as chill or a mixed solvent thereof, it is preferable.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) according to this embodiment preferably contains a component (D).
- a spin coating method is preferable as a method for applying the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) onto the substrate.
- a single solution selected from propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, cyclohexanone, 2-heptanone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, and ethyl lactate, or a mixed solution thereof is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of applicability.
- the blending ratio in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) of the component (D) is the viscosity and applicability of the component (A), the component (B) and the component (C), and the film thickness of the liquid film to be formed.
- 70 weight% or more is preferable with respect to the whole quantity of a curable composition ((alpha) 1). More preferably, it is 90 weight% or more, More preferably, it is 95 weight% or more.
- the component (D) increases, the thickness of the formed liquid film can be reduced.
- paintability may not be obtained when the mixture ratio in the curable composition ((alpha) 1) of a component (D) is 70 weight% or less.
- a solvent can be used for the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) according to this embodiment, but it is preferable that the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) does not substantially contain a solvent.
- “substantially does not contain a solvent” means that it does not contain a solvent other than a solvent that is unintentionally contained, such as impurities. That is, for example, the content of the solvent of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) according to this embodiment is preferably 3% by weight or less, and preferably 1% by weight or less with respect to the entire curable composition ( ⁇ 2). Is more preferable.
- the solvent said here refers to the solvent generally used with a curable composition or a photoresist. That is, the type of solvent is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves and uniformly disperses the compound used in the present invention and does not react with the compound.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ ) according to the present embodiment is preferably a curable composition for nanoimprint, more preferably a curable composition for optical nanoimprint, and the curable composition used in the above-described SST-NIL process. More preferably, the composition is a curable composition for SST-NIL.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ ) according to this embodiment or a cured product obtained by curing the curable composition is analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry, etc.
- the ratio of component (A), component (B), component (C), and component (D) in the composition ( ⁇ ) can be determined.
- each component is mixed and dissolved under predetermined temperature conditions. Specifically, it is performed in the range of 0 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower.
- the curable compositions ( ⁇ 1) and ( ⁇ 2) according to this embodiment are preferably liquids. This is because the spread and fill of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) and / or ( ⁇ 2) are completed quickly, that is, the filling time is short in the mold contact step described later.
- the viscosity is preferably 1 mPa ⁇ s or more and 1000 mPa ⁇ s or less. Moreover, it is more preferably 1 mPa ⁇ s or more and 500 mPa ⁇ s or less, and further preferably 1 mPa ⁇ s or more and 100 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- the viscosity is preferably 1 mPa ⁇ s or more and 100 mPa ⁇ s or less. Further, it is more preferably 1 mPa ⁇ s or more and 50 mPa ⁇ s or less, and further preferably 1 mPa ⁇ s or more and 12 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 2 ′) is brought into contact with the mold by setting the viscosity of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2 ′) excluding the component (D) as a solvent in the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) to 100 mPa ⁇ s or less. In doing so, the spread and fill are completed quickly (Non-Patent Document 1). That is, by using the curable composition ( ⁇ ) according to the present embodiment, the optical nanoimprint method can be carried out with a high yield (throughput). Also, pattern defects due to poor filling are less likely to occur. Moreover, when the viscosity is 1 mPa ⁇ s or more, uneven coating is less likely to occur when the curable composition ( ⁇ ) is applied onto the substrate. Furthermore, when the curable composition ( ⁇ ) is brought into contact with the mold, the curable composition ( ⁇ ) hardly flows out from the end of the mold.
- the surface tension of the curable composition ( ⁇ ) is 23 for the composition of the components of the curable composition ( ⁇ ′) excluding the component (D) which is a solvent in the curable composition ( ⁇ ). It is preferable that the surface tension at 5 ° C. is 5 mN / m or more and 70 mN / m or less. More preferably, it is 7 mN / m or more and 50 mN / m or less, More preferably, it is 10 mN / m or more and 40 mN / m or less.
- Non-Patent Document 1 when the surface tension is higher, for example, when the surface tension is 5 mN / m or more, the capillary force works more strongly, so when the curable composition ( ⁇ ′) is brought into contact with the mold, the curable composition ( ⁇ ′ ) Spread and fill are completed in a short time (Non-Patent Document 1). Moreover, the hardened
- the surface tension of the component of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) excluding the component (D) that is the solvent in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) is that of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2).
- the surface tension of the composition of the component of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2 ′) excluding the component (D) which is a solvent is preferably higher.
- the pre-spread of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) is accelerated by the Marangoni effect described later (the droplet spreads over a wide area), and the time required for the spread during the mold contact process described later is shortened. This is because the filling time is shortened.
- the Marangoni effect is a phenomenon of free surface movement caused by a local difference in the surface tension of the liquid (Non-Patent Document 2).
- the surface tension that is, the difference in surface energy, is used as a driving force to cause diffusion such that a liquid having a low surface tension covers a wider surface. That is, if a curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) having a high surface tension is applied to the entire surface of the substrate and a curable composition ( ⁇ 2) having a low surface tension is dropped, the pre-spread of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) is reduced. It is accelerated.
- the contact angles of the curable compositions ( ⁇ 1) and ( ⁇ 2) according to this embodiment are the curable compositions ( ⁇ 1 ′) and ( ⁇ 2) excluding the component (D) which is a solvent in the curable composition ( ⁇ ). It is preferable that it is 0 degree or more and 90 degrees or less with respect to both the board
- the contact angle is larger than 90 °, the capillary force acts in the negative direction (the direction in which the contact interface between the mold and the curable composition is contracted) in the mold pattern or in the gap between the substrate and the mold and is not filled. It is particularly preferable that the angle is 0 ° or more and 30 ° or less. Since the capillary force works stronger as the contact angle is lower, the filling speed is faster (Non-Patent Document 1).
- the curable composition ( ⁇ ) preferably contains no impurities as much as possible.
- the “impurities” described here refer to those other than those intentionally included in the curable composition ( ⁇ ). That is, the component (A), the component (B), the component (C), and the component (D) are indicated. Specific examples include particles, metal impurities, and organic impurities, but are not limited thereto.
- the particle refers to a minute foreign particle.
- a particle typically refers to a gel or solid particulate material having a particle size (diameter) of several nm to several ⁇ m, or a bubble such as a nanobubble or a microbubble (hereinafter simply referred to as “nanobubble”). .
- the mold may be damaged in the mold contact step (3) and the alignment step described later. is there.
- particles are clogged in the concave portions of the concave / convex pattern formed on the surface of the mold, or the concave portions are expanded by the particles, and as a result, the concave / convex pattern is destroyed.
- a defect such as a pattern defect occurs and a desired circuit cannot be formed.
- the curability of the curable composition ( ⁇ ) may be lowered. This is presumably because the polymerization reaction of the curable composition ( ⁇ ) is inhibited by oxygen or the like in the nanobubbles.
- nanobubbles are present in the curable composition ( ⁇ )
- a concavo-convex pattern in which the portion where the nanobubbles were present is formed, and a defect may occur in the formed cured product pattern.
- the number concentration (number / mL) of particles contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ ) is lower. Furthermore, it is preferable that the particle size of the particles contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ ) is small.
- the nanoimprint process may be affected.
- the nanoimprint process to be described later is repeated a plurality of times in different regions on the substrate, if the mold is damaged in the middle of the process, then all the transfer patterns will be defective. As a result, the yield is significantly reduced. Therefore, in order to suppress such a decrease in yield, the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) of the component excluding the component (D) which is a solvent in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) disposed on the substrate (wafer).
- the number of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more contained in the liquid film layer of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) may be less than one, that is, one substrate (wafer)
- the number of particles contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ ) having a volume necessary for the treatment may be less than one.
- a mold with a 28 nm line and space (L / S) pattern (width 26 mm ⁇ width) where the width S of the concave portion of the mold is 28 nm and the width L of the convex portion of the mold is 28 nm. It is assumed that a cured product having an average film thickness of 33 nm is produced by an SST-NIL process using a vertical 33 mm). At this time, among the steps (1) to (5) described later, the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) which is a component of the imprint pretreatment coating material having an average film thickness of 7 nm on the substrate in the placement step (1).
- the component of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) excluding the component (D) which is a solvent is added.
- droplets of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) corresponding to a film thickness of 30 nm are discretely dropped on a layer having an average film thickness of 3 nm of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) to produce a cured product having an average film thickness of 33 nm. To do.
- the number concentration (particles / mL) of particles contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) is preferably less than 2021 particles / mL.
- the component (D) as the solvent is volatilized from the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) by spin coating, it is contained in the layer of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) per 300 mm wafer.
- the number of particles can be reduced to less than one, and the yield of the SST-NIL process can be improved.
- the number concentration (particles / mL) of particles contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) is preferably less than 898 particles / mL.
- droplets of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) corresponding to a film thickness of 30 nm are discretely dropped on the entire surface of the 300 mm wafer on which the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) is laminated by a combination of full field shot and partial field shot.
- 2121 nL of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) needs to be dropped. Therefore, approximately 471.6 300 mm wafers can be processed per 1 mL of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2). Therefore, when the SST-NIL process is performed using a 300 mm wafer, the number concentration (particles / mL) of particles contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) is preferably less than 471 particles / mL.
- the number of particles per 300 mm wafer can be reduced to less than one, and the yield of the SST-NIL process can be improved.
- the number concentration (particles / mL) of particles contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) is preferably less than 209 particles / mL.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the mold schematically showing the uneven pattern formed on the surface of the mold.
- an L / S pattern having a mold pattern height H (nm), a mold recess width S (nm), and a mold protrusion width L (nm).
- the deformability of the mold differs depending on the mold material, the shape of the concavo-convex pattern, H, S, L, the aspect ratio of the concavo-convex pattern (H / L and H / S), etc., strictly D> 3S
- the mold does not break and has a certain tolerance. That is, even if the ratio of D to S (D / S) is 3 or less, the mold may be damaged. Therefore, in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) according to this embodiment, the number concentration of particles P having a particle diameter D of 2.5 S (nm) or more is preferably less than 2021 / mL.
- concentration of the particle P whose particle size D is 2.5S (nm) or more is less than 471 pieces / mL.
- the width S (nm) of the concave portion of the concave / convex pattern formed on the surface of the mold is preferably 4 nm or more and less than 30 nm, and more preferably 10 nm or more and less than 23.3 nm.
- the number concentration (particles / mL) of the particles P contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) is such that the particle diameter D is when the width of the concave portion of the concave-convex pattern of the mold is S (nm).
- the number concentration of particles P of 2.5 S (nm) or more is preferably less than 2021 / mL. Thereby, the yield of the SST-NIL process can be improved.
- the number concentration (particles / mL) of the particles P contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) is such that the particle size D is 2.5 S when the width of the concave portion of the concave-convex pattern of the mold is S (nm).
- the number concentration of the particles P equal to or greater than (nm) is preferably less than 471 / mL. Thereby, the yield of the SST-NIL process can be improved.
- the number concentration (particles / mL) of particles P having a particle diameter D of 0.07 ⁇ m or more contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) is less than 2021 particles / mL.
- the number concentration (number / mL) of particles P contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) is such that the number concentration (number / mL) of particles P having a particle diameter D of 0.07 ⁇ m or more is less than 898 / mL. More preferably it is.
- the yield of the SST-NIL process can be improved.
- the number concentration (particles / mL) of particles P having a particle size D of 0.07 ⁇ m or more contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) is less than 471 particles / mL.
- the number concentration (number / mL) of particles P contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) is such that the number concentration (number / mL) of particles P having a particle diameter D of 0.07 ⁇ m or more is less than 209 / mL. More preferably it is.
- the yield of the SST-NIL process can be improved.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ ) is applied by coating.
- the processed substrate is contaminated with metal impurities.
- the semiconductor characteristics of the resulting semiconductor device may be affected. That is, the yield of the SST-NIL process may decrease.
- the concentration of metal impurities in the curable composition ( ⁇ ) is low.
- the concentration of the metal impurities contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ ) is preferably 100 ppb (100 ng / g) or less for each element, and more preferably 1 ppb (1 ng / g) or less.
- the various elements here refer to metal elements, such as Na, Ca, Fe, K, Zn, Al, Mg, Ni, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, Li, Sn, Pd, Ba, Co, Sr, and the like. Point to.
- ⁇ Organic impurities> When manufacturing a semiconductor device using the curable composition ( ⁇ ) according to the present embodiment, if organic impurities are present in the curable composition ( ⁇ ), problems may occur. For example, when organic impurities are present in the curable composition ( ⁇ ), defects such as defective patterns after molding occur.
- the number concentration (particles / mL) and particle size distribution of the particles contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ ) are measured by a light scattering type liquid particle counter (light scattering type LPC) or a dynamic light scattering type particle size distribution measuring device ( It can be measured by a method such as DLS).
- light scattering LPC is preferably used for measuring the number concentration of particles in a curable composition ( ⁇ ) having a small particle concentration (particles / mL), that is, a high degree of cleanness.
- the light scattering LPC detects scattered light emitted from particles contained in a liquid when the liquid is irradiated with laser light. At this time, the intensity of the scattered light depends on the size of the particles.
- the light scattering LPC can be used to measure the particle diameter and the number concentration of particles in the liquid.
- the light scattering type LPC include a submerged particle sensor KS series (manufactured by Rion), a submerged particle counter UltraChem series, a SLS series, a HSLIS series (manufactured by Particle Measuring Systems), and the like.
- KS series manufactured by Rion
- UltraChem series a submerged particle counter UltraChem series
- SLS series submerged particle counter
- HSLIS series manufactured by Particle Measuring Systems
- the curable composition ( ⁇ ) having a low solvent (D) content particularly the curable composition ( ⁇ 2)
- the background noise due to the molecular scattered light is large, so the ratio of the detection signal to noise (S / N ratio). ) Is known to decrease. Therefore, it is difficult to measure the particle number concentration and the particle size distribution of the curable composition ( ⁇ ) according to the present embodiment, particularly the curable composition ( ⁇ 2), as compared with the water-based material. Therefore, in this embodiment, even when measuring the curable composition ( ⁇ ), it is preferable to use an apparatus capable of measuring the number concentration of particles even with a small particle size of, for example, 0.07 ⁇ m.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) according to this embodiment is characterized in that the number concentration of particles having a particle diameter of 0.07 ⁇ m or more is less than 2021 / mL.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) according to this embodiment is characterized in that the number concentration of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more is less than 471 particles / mL.
- the number concentration (particles / mL) of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ ) according to the present embodiment is, for example, in-liquid particle sensor KS-41B (corresponding to 0.07 ⁇ m).
- the controller KE-40B1 manufactured by Lion
- the syringe sampler KZ-30W1 manufactured by Lion
- the measurement of the number concentration of particles in the present specification is performed after calibrating with polystyrene latex (PSL) standard particles having a known particle diameter in which light scattering LPC is dispersed in pure water in advance.
- PSL polystyrene latex
- the ratio (s / n) of the light receiving element voltage value s of the scattered light of the 0.07 ⁇ m PSL particle aqueous solution to the light receiving element voltage value n of the scattered light of the measurement liquid is obtained, and the ratio is sufficiently higher than 1.3. It is preferable to confirm that it is large.
- curable composition for SST-NIL ( ⁇ ) [Method for producing curable composition for SST-NIL ( ⁇ )] Next, the manufacturing method of the curable composition ((alpha)) which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ ) according to the present embodiment is suitable for the SST-NIL process, and more suitable for the SST-NIL process for semiconductor manufacturing.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ ) according to this embodiment does not contain impurities such as particles and metal impurities as much as possible. Therefore, the curable composition ( ⁇ ) according to the present embodiment is preferably obtained through a purification process. Examples of such a purification process include a particle removal process, a metal impurity removal process, and an organic impurity removal process. Among these, in order to suppress breakage of the mold, it is preferable that the method for producing the curable composition ( ⁇ ) includes a particle removal step.
- filtration using a particle filter is preferable.
- filtration includes not only the commonly used meaning of “filtration” including a process of separating a solid from a fluid, but also “passing through a filter”. That is, it includes cases where gels and solids trapped by the film cannot be visually confirmed by passing through a film such as a filter.
- the pore size of the filter used in the particle removal step according to this embodiment is preferably 0.001 ⁇ m or more and 5.0 ⁇ m or less.
- a filter having a pore size of 50 nm or less is more preferable, and a filter having a pore size of 1 nm or more and 5 nm or less is particularly preferable.
- the required component in a curable composition ((alpha)) may be removed if it filters with a filter with a hole diameter of less than 1 nm, it is preferable that the hole diameter of a filter is 1 nm or more.
- the “pore diameter” of the filter is the average pore diameter of the pores of the filter.
- the curable composition for rough nanoimprint ( ⁇ ) (hereinafter referred to as “crude curable composition ( ⁇ )”) is passed through the filter at least once.
- a rough curable composition ((alpha)) points out the curable composition ((alpha)) before performing purification processes, such as filtration.
- the coarsely curable composition ( ⁇ ) is a component (A) and a component (B) that is a photopolymerization initiator, a component (C) that is a non-polymerizable compound, and a solvent, which are added as necessary. It is a mixed liquid obtained by mixing a certain component (D).
- a filter made of polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, fluororesin, nylon resin or the like can be used, but is not limited thereto.
- filters that can be used in the present embodiment include, for example, “Ultiples P-Nylon 66”, “Ulchipore N66”, “Penflon” (above, Nippon Pole), “Life Assure PSN Series”, “ “Life Assure EF Series”, “Photoshield”, “Electropore IIEF” (above, manufactured by Sumitomo 3M), “MicroGuard”, “Optimizer D”, “Impact Mini”, “Impact 2” (above, made by Nihon Entegris) ) Etc.
- One type of these filters may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- filtration using a filter is performed in multiple stages or repeated many times. At this time, you may perform the circulation filtration which filters the filtered liquid repeatedly. Further, a plurality of filters having different pore diameters may be used for filtration. Specific examples of the filtration method using a filter include, but are not limited to, atmospheric pressure filtration, pressure filtration, reduced pressure filtration, and circulation filtration. Among these, in order to reduce the number concentration (particles / mL) of particles by filtering the curable composition ( ⁇ ) at a flow rate within a certain range, it is preferable to perform pressure filtration, and further to reduce the number sufficiently. More preferably, circulation filtration is performed.
- the final stream which is a stream after the raw material (crude curable composition ( ⁇ )) before filtration becomes a predetermined amount or less.
- the raw material before the filtration becomes a predetermined amount or less, there is a high possibility that the surrounding air is entrained during the liquid feeding process and the liquid is fed, and as a result, a large amount of bubbles such as nanobubbles may be contained. Therefore, when pressure filtration is performed instead of circulation filtration, it is preferable to collect a stream other than the initial stream and the final stream in the collection container.
- FIG. 5 the figure which represents typically the structure of the refinement
- FIG. 5A shows the configuration of a purification system using circulation filtration
- FIG. 5B shows the configuration of a purification system using pressure filtration.
- the purification system by circulation filtration includes a purification means / liquid feeding means 11a, a particle number concentration measurement means (hereinafter referred to as "measurement means 12"), and a recovery. It has a container 13, a container 14, and a waste liquid container 15.
- the purification system by pressure filtration includes a purification unit 11b, a measurement unit 12, a recovery container 13, a container 14, a waste liquid container 15, a pressure chamber 16, and a pressure chamber.
- Pressure means liquid feeding means 17.
- the flow rate of the coarsely curable composition ( ⁇ ) in the particle removal step according to this embodiment is preferably less than 0.03 L / min. Moreover, it is more preferable that it is less than 0.02 L / min, and it is especially preferable that it is less than 0.01 L / min. In this way, when the flow rate of the coarsely curable composition ( ⁇ ) passing through the filter during filtration is less than 0.03 L / min, bubbles are generated when the coarsely curable composition ( ⁇ ) passes through the filter. Can be suppressed. By setting the flow rate at which the coarse curable composition ( ⁇ ) passes through the filter during filtration to less than 0.01 L / min, the possibility of ignition of the coarse curable composition ( ⁇ ) can be suppressed.
- the pore diameter of the filter that allows the coarsely curable composition ( ⁇ ) to pass is 50 nm or less. Thereby, the number concentration (particles / mL) of particles having a particle diameter of 0.07 ⁇ m or more can be efficiently reduced.
- examples of the member in contact with the (coarse) curable composition ( ⁇ ) include inner walls and lids of the collection container 13 and the container 14, piping (tube) ) Inner wall, nuts for connection with piping, pump (liquid feeding means 11a), filter, and the like.
- the material of these members is not particularly limited as long as the material has chemical resistance. However, it is preferable that the material and the cleanliness do not cause contamination such as particles, impurities such as metal impurities and organic impurities when coming into contact with the (coarse) curable composition ( ⁇ ).
- the recovery container 13 for recovering the curable composition ( ⁇ ) purified by the purification system according to the present embodiment needs to use a particularly clean one.
- the collection container 13 for example, a commercially available class 100 polypropylene bottle or the like can be used.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and after the inside is washed with an organic solvent or acid, a sufficiently dried bottle may be used, or it may be used after being washed with a curable composition ( ⁇ ).
- the collection container 13 for collecting the target flow (the curable composition ( ⁇ ) after purification) is disposed in-line in the line of the purification system. It is preferable. By doing in this way, generation
- Circulation filtration is performed by circulating a predetermined number of times or a predetermined amount to obtain a purified curable composition ( ⁇ ). Thereafter, the particle number concentration is measured using the measuring means 12 connected to the collection container 13. If the particle number concentration satisfies a predetermined value, the filtration may be terminated, and if not, the filtration may be continued.
- particle removal process the number of impurities such as particles mixed in the curable composition ( ⁇ ) can be reduced. Thereby, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the yield of the SST-NIL process caused by the particles.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ ) is used for manufacturing a semiconductor integrated circuit, in order not to hinder the operation of the product, metal atoms are contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ ). It is preferable to avoid contamination with impurities (metal impurities) containing as much as possible. Therefore, the curable composition ( ⁇ ) is preferably not brought into contact with a metal in the production process. That is, it is preferable not to use a metal weighing instrument, container, or the like when each material is weighed or mixed and stirred. Moreover, you may further perform the filtration using a metal impurity removal filter in the refinement
- metal impurity removal filter filters made of cellulose, diatomaceous earth, ion exchange resin, or the like can be used, but are not particularly limited.
- metal impurity removal filters include “Zeta Plus GN Grade”, “Electropore” (above, manufactured by Sumitomo 3M), “Posodyne”, “Ion Clean AN”, “Ion Clean SL” (above, manufactured by Nippon Pole). , “Protego” (manufactured by Nihon Entegris) and the like can be used.
- Each of these metal impurity removal filters may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- These metal impurity removal filters are preferably used after being washed. As a washing method, it is preferable to carry out in the order of co-washing with ultrapure water, alcohol, and curable composition ( ⁇ ).
- the hole diameter of the metal impurity removal filter for example, 0.001 ⁇ m to 5.0 ⁇ m is suitable, and preferably 0.003 ⁇ m to 0.01 ⁇ m.
- the pore diameter is larger than 5.0 ⁇ m, the adsorption ability of particles and metal impurities is low. If it is smaller than 0.001 ⁇ m, the constituent components of the curable composition ( ⁇ ) are trapped, and the composition of the curable composition ( ⁇ ) may be changed, or the filter may be clogged. There is.
- the concentration of the metal impurities contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ ) is preferably 10 ppm or less, and more preferably 100 ppb or less.
- a cured product is obtained by curing the curable composition ( ⁇ ) according to the present embodiment. At this time, it is preferable that a curable composition ( ⁇ ) is applied on a substrate to form a coating film and then cured to obtain a cured film.
- a method for forming a coating film and a method for forming a cured product and a cured film will be described later.
- the method for forming a cured product pattern is as follows: (1) a first step (arrangement step) of disposing the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 on the substrate 201; (2) The liquid of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 on the layer of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 excluding the component (D) which is a solvent. A second step of applying drops discretely (application step); (3) Of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202, the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′, which is a component excluding the component (D) as a solvent, and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 are partially mixed.
- a third step for bringing the mixed layer formed into contact with the mold 205 having a pattern; (4) a fourth step (light irradiation step) for curing a mixed layer formed by mixing the two kinds of curable compositions; (5) a fifth step (mold release step) for separating the mold 205 from the mixed layer formed by mixing the two types of curable compositions after curing;
- the method for forming a cured product pattern according to the present embodiment is a method for forming a cured product pattern using an optical nanoimprint method.
- the cured film obtained by the method for forming a cured product pattern according to this embodiment is preferably a cured product pattern having a pattern having a size of 1 nm or more and 10 mm or less. Moreover, it is more preferable that it is a cured
- a pattern forming technique for producing a film having a nano-size (1 nm or more and 100 nm or less) pattern (uneven structure) using light is called an optical nanoimprint method.
- the pattern forming method according to the present embodiment uses an optical nanoimprint method.
- each process is demonstrated using FIG. 2 and FIG.
- the droplets of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 that are discretely dropped are curable compositions ( ⁇ 1 ′) of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 excluding the component (D) that is a solvent. ) Since it expands quickly on the 202 ′ liquid film, an imprint process with a short filling time and high throughput can be provided.
- the substrate 201 to which the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 that is a component of the imprint pretreatment coating material is disposed is a substrate to be processed, and a silicon wafer is usually used.
- a layer to be processed may be formed over the substrate 201.
- Another layer may be formed between the substrate 201 and the layer to be processed.
- the substrate 201 is not limited to a silicon wafer.
- the substrate 201 can be arbitrarily selected from those known as semiconductor device substrates such as aluminum, titanium-tungsten alloy, aluminum-silicon alloy, aluminum-copper-silicon alloy, silicon oxide, and silicon nitride. . If a quartz substrate is used as the substrate 201, a replica of the quartz imprint mold (quartz mold replica) can be produced.
- an adhesive layer is formed on the upper surface of the substrate 201 (substrate to be processed) by surface treatment such as silane coupling treatment, silazane treatment, or organic thin film formation, so that the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 is formed.
- a substrate having improved adhesion to the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203, which are components other than the component (D) as a solvent, may be used.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 that is a component of the imprint pretreatment coating material on the substrate 201
- a method of disposing the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 that is a component of the imprint pretreatment coating material on the substrate 201 for example, an inkjet method, a dip coating method, an air knife coating method, a curtain A coating method, a wire bar coating method, a gravure coating method, an extrusion coating method, a spin coating method, a slit scanning method, or the like can be used.
- the spin coating method is particularly preferable.
- the solvent component (D) can be volatilized without performing the baking step.
- a baking process may be implemented and the solvent component (D) may be volatilized.
- the average film thickness of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 excluding the component (D), which is a solvent varies depending on the application to be used. .1 nm or more and 10,000 nm or less, preferably 1 nm or more and 20 nm or less, and particularly preferably 1 nm or more and 10 nm or less.
- ⁇ Granting process (2)> the curable composition in which droplets of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 are disposed on the substrate 201 as a pretreatment coat.
- ( ⁇ 1) 202 is preferably discretely applied onto the layer of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ that is a component excluding the component (D), which is a solvent.
- An ink jet method is particularly preferable as the application method.
- the droplets of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 are densely deposited on the substrate 201 facing the region where the concave portions are densely present on the mold 205, and on the substrate 201 facing the region where the concave portions are sparsely present. Sparsely arranged. This makes it possible to control the remaining film, which will be described later, to a uniform thickness regardless of the density of the pattern on the mold 205.
- the droplets of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 applied in this step are, as described above, Marangoni whose driving force is the difference in surface energy (surface tension).
- the effect spreads quickly (pre-spread) as shown by the arrow 204 indicating the direction in which the droplet spreads (FIG. 2D).
- a mold 205 having an original pattern for transferring the pattern shape is brought into contact with a liquid layer obtained by partially mixing the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 as components to be removed.
- a liquid obtained by partially mixing ( ⁇ 2) 203 is filled (filled) to form a liquid film filled (filled) into the fine pattern of the mold 205. If necessary, after completion of the previous step (applying step (2)) and before the start of this step, the mold 205 and / or the mold 205 and / or the positioning mark of the substrate 201 (substrate to be processed) are matched. The position of the substrate 201 (substrate to be processed) can be adjusted (alignment process).
- a mold 205 made of a light-transmitting material may be used in consideration of the next step (light irradiation step (4)).
- the material constituting the mold 205 include glass, quartz, PMMA, a light transparent resin such as polycarbonate resin, a transparent metal vapor-deposited film, a flexible film such as polydimethylsiloxane, a photocured film, and a metal film. Etc. are preferred.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 excluding the component (D) which is a solvent is a solvent.
- the material of the material constituting the mold 205 is particularly preferably quartz.
- the fine pattern that the mold 205 has on the surface preferably has a concave width S of the concavo-convex pattern of 4 nm or more and less than 30 nm, preferably a pattern height H of the mold 205 of 4 nm or more and 200 nm or less.
- the aspect ratio (H / L) of the pattern height H of the mold 205 to the width L of the convex portion of the mold 205 is preferably 1 or more and 10 or less.
- the mold 205 includes a curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ and a curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 which are components other than the solvent (D1) of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 and the surface of the mold 205.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 excluding the component (D) which is a solvent may be performed before this step, which is a mold contact step (3) between the mold 205 and the mold 205.
- the surface treatment method include a method of applying a release agent to the surface of the mold 205 to form a release agent layer.
- a mold release agent to be applied to the surface of the mold 205 a silicone mold release agent, a fluorine mold release agent, a hydrocarbon mold release agent, a polyethylene mold release agent, a polypropylene mold release agent, a paraffin mold release agent.
- a mold agent a montan release agent, and a carnauba release agent.
- a commercially available coating mold release agent such as OPTOOL DSX manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd. can also be suitably used.
- a mold release agent may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more types. Of these, fluorine-based and hydrocarbon-based release agents are particularly preferable.
- the curable composition of the component excluding the component (D), which is a solvent, of the mold 205 and the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 is brought into contact with each other, the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 excluding the component (D) which is a solvent.
- 202 ′ and the pressure applied to the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 are not particularly limited.
- the pressure is preferably 0 MPa or more and 100 MPa or less.
- the pressure is preferably 0 MPa or more and 50 MPa or less, more preferably 0 MPa or more and 30 MPa or less, and further preferably 0 MPa or more and 20 MPa or less.
- the spread of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 in this step is quick. To complete. In the boundary region between droplets of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203, the spread is finally completed, and the curable composition of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 except the component (D) which is a solvent. The concentration of ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ is high.
- the time for contacting 203 can be set short. That is, one of the effects of the present invention is that many pattern forming steps can be completed in a short time and high productivity can be obtained.
- the time for contact is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.1 seconds to 600 seconds.
- the time is preferably 0.1 second or more and 3 seconds or less, particularly preferably 0.1 second or more and 1 second or less.
- time is shorter than 0.1 second, spread and fill are insufficient, and defects called unfilled defects tend to occur frequently.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 which are components other than the component (D) that is the solvent, of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 when the spread and fill are completed.
- the average film thickness of the (shaped transfer layer) is, for example, from 0.001 ⁇ m to 100.0 ⁇ m, although it varies depending on the application used.
- the hardening whose number density
- the composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 damage to the mold 205 due to particles can be suppressed.
- cured material pattern obtained can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the yield of the SST-NIL process.
- the composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 damage to the mold 205 due to particles can be suppressed.
- cured material pattern obtained can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the yield of the SST-NIL process.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 whose number concentration (pieces / mL) is less than 471 pieces / mL it is possible to further suppress the damage of the mold 205 due to particles.
- cured material pattern obtained can further be suppressed. As a result, the yield reduction of the SST-NIL process can be further suppressed.
- this step can be performed under any conditions of air atmosphere, reduced pressure atmosphere, and inert gas atmosphere, it can prevent the influence of oxygen and moisture on the curing reaction.
- a gas atmosphere is preferable.
- Specific examples of the inert gas that can be used when this step is performed in an inert gas atmosphere include nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium, argon, various chlorofluorocarbons, and a mixed gas thereof.
- a preferable pressure is 0.0001 atm or more and 10 atm or less.
- the mold contact step may be performed under an atmosphere containing a condensable gas (hereinafter referred to as “condensable gas atmosphere”).
- the condensable gas means a component (D) which is a solvent in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 in the concave portion of the fine pattern formed on the mold 205 and the gap between the mold 205 and the substrate 201.
- the gas in the atmosphere is filled together with the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 of the components excluding the components of the gas that is condensed and liquefied by the capillary pressure generated during filling Refers to that.
- the condensable gas is a curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ and a curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 which are components other than the component (D) which is a solvent in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 in the mold contact step.
- a curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ and a curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 which are components other than the component (D) which is a solvent in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 in the mold contact step.
- the condensable gas dissolves in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ and / or the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 excluding the component (D) which is the solvent in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202. May be.
- the boiling point of the condensable gas is not limited as long as it is equal to or lower than the atmospheric temperature in the mold contact step, but is preferably ⁇ 10 ° C. to 23 ° C., more preferably 10 ° C. to 23 ° C. If it is this range, a filling property will be further excellent.
- the vapor pressure of the condensable gas at the ambient temperature in the mold contact process is set at the time of imprinting in the mold contact process.
- the atmospheric temperature in the mold contact step is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 ° C to 25 ° C.
- the condensable gas include chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) such as trichlorofluoromethane, fluorocarbon (FC), hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC), 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (CHF 2 CH 2 Fluorocarbons such as hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) such as CF 3 , HFC-245fa, PFP) and hydrofluoroether (HFE) such as pentafluoroethyl methyl ether (CF 3 CF 2 OCH 3 , HFE-245mc) .
- CFC chlorofluorocarbon
- FC trichlorofluoromethane
- FC fluorocarbon
- HCFC hydrochlorofluorocarbon
- CH 2 Fluorocarbons such as hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) such as CF 3 , HFC-245fa, PFP) and hydrofluoroether (HFE) such as pentafluoroethyl methyl
- 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane vapour pressure at 23 ° C., 0.14 MPa, from the viewpoint of excellent filling properties at an atmospheric temperature of 20 ° C. to 25 ° C. in the mold contact process.
- Preferred are boiling point 15 ° C.
- trichlorofluoromethane vapor pressure 0.1056 MPa at 23 ° C., boiling point 24 ° C.
- pentafluoroethyl methyl ether is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of excellent safety.
- Condensable gas may be used alone or in combination of two or more. These condensable gases may be used by mixing with non-condensable gases such as air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium, and argon.
- the non-condensable gas mixed with the condensable gas is preferably helium from the viewpoint of filling properties. Helium can pass through the mold 205.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 excluding the component (D) which is a solvent the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203, the condensable gas is liquefied and helium passes through the mold 205.
- the curable composition ((alpha) 1 ') 202' of the component except the component (D) which is a solvent among the curable composition ((alpha) 1) 202, and curable composition ( The mixed layer formed by partially mixing ⁇ 2) 203 is irradiated with irradiation light 206 through a mold 205. More specifically, the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ and / or the curable component of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 filled in the fine pattern of the mold 205, excluding the component (D) which is a solvent.
- the composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 is irradiated with irradiation light 206 through the mold 205.
- ( ⁇ 2) 203 is cured by the irradiated light 206 to be a cured film 207 having a pattern shape.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ which is a component excluding the component (D) as a solvent, of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 constituting the shape transfer layer filled in the fine pattern of the mold 205.
- the irradiation light 206 applied to the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 is a component of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 excluding the component (D), which is a solvent, and the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ and the curing.
- the irradiation light 206 for irradiating the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 which are components other than the component (D), which is the solvent, of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202.
- light sources that emit ultraviolet light include high pressure mercury lamps, ultrahigh pressure mercury lamps, low pressure mercury lamps, deep-UV lamps, carbon arc lamps, chemical lamps, metal halide lamps, xenon lamps, KrF excimer lasers, ArF excimer lasers, and F2 excimers. Although a laser etc.
- the number of light sources used may be one or plural.
- the shape-transferred layer filled in the fine pattern of the mold 205 (the curable composition (excluding the component (D) which is a solvent in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202) ( It may be performed on the entire surface of ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203), or may be performed only on a partial region.
- the light irradiation may be intermittently performed a plurality of times on the entire region on the substrate 201, or the entire region may be continuously irradiated. Furthermore, the partial area A may be irradiated in the first irradiation process, and the area B different from the area A may be irradiated in the second irradiation process.
- the mold 205 is separated from the cured film 207 having a pattern shape.
- release step (5) as shown in FIG. 2G, the mold 205 is separated from the cured film 207 having a pattern shape, so that the mold 205 in the step (4) (light irradiation step).
- a cured film 207 having a pattern shape to be a reverse pattern of the fine pattern formed thereon is obtained.
- this film be called the remaining film 303 (refer Fig.3 (a)).
- the pattern shape is determined when the cured film 207 having the pattern shape is separated from the mold 205 in the process (5) (mold release process).
- the condensable gas is vaporized as the pressure at the interface between the cured film 207 having a contact with the mold 205 decreases.
- the method of separating the cured film 207 having a pattern shape from the mold 205 is not particularly limited as long as a part of the cured film 207 having the pattern shape is not physically damaged when being separated, and various conditions are not particularly limited.
- the substrate 201 substrate to be processed
- the mold 205 may be fixed and the substrate 201 may be moved away from the mold 205 to be peeled off.
- both of them may be peeled by pulling in the opposite direction.
- a cured film 207 having a desired uneven pattern shape is formed at a desired position.
- the obtained cured film 207 having the pattern shape can be used, for example, as an optical member (including a case where it is used as one member of an optical member) such as a Fresnel lens and a diffraction grating, in addition to a semiconductor processing application described later. .
- an optical member having at least a substrate 201 and a cured film 207 having a pattern shape disposed on the substrate 201 can be obtained.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 is collectively disposed on a large part of the surface of the substrate 201 in the step (1), and the steps (2) to (5).
- a repeating unit (shot) consisting of can be repeated a plurality of times on the same substrate. Further, the steps (1) to (5) may be repeated a plurality of times on the same substrate.
- the repeating unit (shot) consisting of step (1) to step (5) or step (2) to step (5) a plurality of times, a plurality of desired irregularities are formed at a desired position on the substrate 201 (substrate to be processed).
- a cured film 207 having a pattern shape (a pattern shape due to the uneven shape of the mold 205) can be obtained.
- the cured film 207 having the pattern shape obtained by the mold release step (5) has a specific pattern shape, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), in a region other than the region where the pattern shape is formed, The remaining film 303 may remain.
- the cured film (residual film 303) in the region to be removed of the obtained cured film 302 having the pattern shape is etched gas A305 (FIG. b)).
- a cured film pattern 304 without the residual film 303 having a desired concavo-convex pattern shape pattern shape due to the concavo-convex shape of the mold 205 in FIG. 2) (exposing a desired portion of the surface of the substrate 301) can be obtained. it can.
- the cured film (residual film 303) which is a concave portion of the cured film 302 having the pattern shape is removed by a method such as etching, and the cured film 302 having the pattern shape has.
- the specific method is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method such as an etching gas A305 (FIG. 3) is used. Dry etching using (b)) can be used. A conventionally known dry etching apparatus can be used for the dry etching.
- the etching gas A305 is appropriately selected depending on the elemental composition of the cured film 302 is subjected to etching, CF 4, C 2 F 6 , C 3 F 8, CCl 2 F 2, CCl 4, CBrF 3, BCl 3 , halogen gases such as PCl 3 , SF 6 , Cl 2 , gases containing oxygen atoms such as O 2 , CO, CO 2 , inert gases such as He, N 2 , Ar, and gases such as H 2 , NH 3 Etc. can be used. In addition, these gases can also be mixed and used.
- the substrate 301 to be used has improved adhesion to the cured film 302 having a pattern shape by surface treatment such as silane coupling treatment, silazane treatment, and organic thin film formation.
- surface treatment such as silane coupling treatment, silazane treatment, and organic thin film formation.
- the surface treatment layer can also be removed by etching.
- a cured film pattern 304 without a residual film 303 having a desired uneven pattern shape pattern shape due to the uneven shape of the mold 205) at a desired position is obtained. And an article having a cured film pattern 304 can be obtained. Further, when the substrate 301 is processed using the cured film pattern 304 without the residual film 303 obtained, a processing step (7) of the substrate 301 described later is performed.
- the obtained cured film pattern 304 without the residual film 303 is used, for example, as an optical member (including a case where it is used as one member of an optical member) such as a diffraction grating or a polarizing plate, in addition to the semiconductor processing application described later.
- Optical components can also be obtained. In such a case, an optical component having at least the substrate 301 and the cured film pattern 304 without the residual film 303 disposed on the substrate 301 can be obtained.
- a conventionally known dry etching apparatus can be used for the dry etching.
- the etching gas B306 (FIG. 3C) is appropriately selected depending on the elemental composition of the cured film 302 to be etched and the elemental composition of the substrate 301.
- etching gas A305 (FIG. 3B) and the etching gas B306 (FIG. 3C) may be the same or different.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′ of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 excluding the component (D) which is a solvent there is a possibility that non-uniformity of the concentration of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203 occurs.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) 202 according to this embodiment the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) 202 ′, which is a component excluding the component (D) as a solvent, is equal to or more than the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) 203. It has dry etching resistance.
- the substrate 301 can be processed uniformly.
- a circuit structure based on a pattern shape due to the uneven shape of the mold 205 is formed on the substrate 301 by forming an electronic component. be able to.
- the circuit board utilized by a semiconductor element etc. can be manufactured.
- the semiconductor element here include LSI, system LSI, DRAM, SDRAM, RDRAM, D-RDRAM, and NAND flash.
- electronic devices such as a display, a camera, and a medical device can be formed.
- an optical component can be obtained by processing the substrate 301 by dry etching using the cured product pattern 304 without the residual film 303 as a resist film.
- a quartz substrate is used as the substrate 301, and the quartz is processed by dry etching using the cured product pattern 304 without the residual film 303 as a resist film, thereby producing a replica of the quartz imprint mold (quartz replica mold). You can also.
- the cured product pattern 304 without the remaining film 303 may be finally removed from the processed substrate 301.
- the cured product pattern 304 without the remaining film 303 may be finally removed from the processed substrate 301.
- a structure to be left as a member constituting the element Also good.
- curable composition ( ⁇ 1-1) Component (A), component (B), component (C), and component (D) shown below are blended, an ion filter, a 10 nm nylon filter, and a 5 nm HDPE filter. was used for circulation filtration. Circulating filtration was carried out over a time corresponding to about 8 passes (liquid feeding time corresponding to 8 times the liquid volume of the liquid to be filtered) to prepare the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-1) of Example 1.
- Component (A) 100 parts by weight in total ⁇ A-1> 1,12-dodecanediol diacrylate (manufactured by Wanda Science): 100 parts by weight (1-2)
- Component (B) 0 part by weight in total Component (B) was not added.
- Component (C) Total 0 parts by weight Component (C) was not added.
- Component (D) 33,000 parts by weight in total Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry, abbreviated as PGMEA): 33000 parts by weight
- the number concentration of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-1) was measured. An average value of the number concentration obtained by repeating this twice was determined, and the number concentration (average) of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more was obtained.
- the number concentration (average) of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-1) was 21.5 particles / mL.
- the ratio (s / n) of the light receiving element voltage value s of the scattered light of the 0.07 ⁇ m PSL particle aqueous solution to the light receiving element voltage value n of the scattered light of the measurement liquid is obtained, and the ratio is sufficiently higher than 1.3. I confirmed it was big.
- Example 2 Preparation of curable composition ( ⁇ 1-2) Component (A) was prepared by adding ⁇ A-1> 1,12-dodecanediol diacrylate (manufactured by Wanda Science): 30 parts by weight, ⁇ A-2> dimethylol. Tricyclodecane diacrylate (trade name: SR833s, manufactured by Sartomer): A curable composition ( ⁇ 1-2) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount was 70 parts by weight.
- Example 3 Preparation of curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) Component (A), component (B), component (C), and component (D) shown below are blended, an ion filter, a 10 nm nylon filter, and a 5 nm HDPE filter. Was used for circulation filtration. Circulating filtration was performed over a time period corresponding to about 8 passes to prepare a curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) of Example 3.
- Component (A) 94 parts by weight in total ⁇ A-1> Isobornyl acrylate (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: IB-XA): 9.0 parts by weight ⁇ A-2> Benzyl acrylate (Osaka) Product name: V # 160): 38.0 parts by weight ⁇ A-3> Neopentyl glycol diacrylate (product name: NP-A): 47.0 parts by weight (1-2) ) Component (B): Total 3 parts by weight ⁇ B-1> Lucirin TPO (manufactured by BASF): 3 parts by weight (1-3) Component (C): Total 2.1 parts by weight ⁇ C-1> SR-730 (Aoki (Oil and fat industry): 1.6 parts by weight ⁇ C-2> 4,4′-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry): 0.5 parts by weight (1-4) Component (D):
- the number concentration of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more in the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) was measured.
- An average value of the number concentration obtained by repeating this three times was determined to obtain the number concentration (average) of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more.
- the number concentration (average) of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more in the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) was 99.9 particles / mL.
- the number concentration (average) of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more before pressure filtration of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1 ⁇ ) is the maximum rated number of particles in the liquid particle sensor used. Since the concentration was 9600 particles / mL or more, the number concentration of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-1 ⁇ ) is considered to be 9600 particles / mL or more.
- Comparative Example 2 (1) Preparation of curable composition ( ⁇ 1-2 ⁇ ) The same components (A), (B), (C) and (D) as in Example 2 were blended, and the curable composition of Comparative Example 2 A product ( ⁇ 1-2 ⁇ ) was prepared. Circulation filtration as in Example 2 was not performed.
- the number concentration (average) of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more before pressure filtration of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1 ⁇ ) is the maximum rated number of particles in the liquid particle sensor used. Since the concentration was 9600 particles / mL or more, the number concentration of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-2 ⁇ ) is considered to be 9600 particles / mL or more.
- Comparative Example 3 (1) Preparation of curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1 ⁇ ) The same component (A), component (B), component (C) and component (D) as in Example 3 were blended, and a filter having a pore size of 5 nm (Optimizer D300). The curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1 ⁇ ) of Comparative Example 3 was prepared by performing pressure filtration using Nippon Entegris.
- a film of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1′-1) having a thickness of about 7 nm can be obtained by coating the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-1) on a silicon wafer having a diameter of 450 mm using a spin coater. .
- the solvent component (D) in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-1) evaporates, and the composition ( ⁇ 1′-1) of the components of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-1) excluding the solvent component (D) It becomes.
- 1 pL droplets of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) can be discretely arranged using an inkjet method.
- the amount of droplets is, for example, such that the average film thickness of the cured film when the liquid film of the mixture of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1′-1) and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) is photocured is about 37 nm. And At this time, since the surface tension of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1′-1) disposed in the lower layer is higher than the surface tension of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) dropped on the upper layer, the Marangoni effect is exhibited. However, the expansion (pre-spread) of the droplets of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) is rapid.
- the width S of the concave portion of the mold is 28 nm
- the width L of the convex portion of the mold is 28 nm.
- a quartz mold having a line and space (L / S) pattern having a height H of 60 nm and having no surface treatment is brought into contact therewith.
- the number concentration (average) of particles having a particle diameter of 0.07 ⁇ m or more in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-1) was 21.5 particles / mL, and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) contained in the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1).
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-1) and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) -derived silicon wafer Since the number concentration (average) of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more is 99.9 / mL, the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-1) and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) -derived silicon wafer The number of particles of the particle becomes less than 1, and the occurrence of damage to the mold due to the particles can be suppressed. Moreover, the pattern defect of the hardened
- Example 5 As in Example 4, the surface tension of the composition ( ⁇ 1′-2), which is a component of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-2) excluding the solvent component (D) disposed in the lower layer, was dropped on the upper layer. Since the surface tension of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) is higher than that of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1), the Marangoni effect is exhibited, and the expansion (pre-spread) of droplets of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) is rapid.
- the number concentration (average) of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-2) is 36.5 particles / mL
- the particles in the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) Since the number concentration (average) of particles having a diameter of 0.07 ⁇ m or more is 99.9 / mL, the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-2) and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1) derived on the silicon wafer Since the number of particles is less than 1, the occurrence of damage to the mold due to the particles can be suppressed. Moreover, the pattern defect of the hardened
- Example 4 As in Example 4, the surface tension of the composition ( ⁇ 1′-1 ⁇ ), which is a component of the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-1 ⁇ ) excluding the solvent component (D) arranged in the lower layer, was dropped onto the upper layer. Since the surface tension of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1 ⁇ ) is higher than that of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1 ⁇ ), the Marangoni effect is exhibited, and the expansion (pre-spread) of droplets of the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1 ⁇ ) is rapid.
- the number concentration (average) of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-1 ⁇ ) is> 9600 particles / mL
- the particle size in the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1 ⁇ ) is Since the number concentration (average) of particles of 0.07 ⁇ m or more is 616 particles / mL, particles of particles on the silicon wafer derived from the curable composition ( ⁇ 1-1 ⁇ ) and the curable composition ( ⁇ 2-1 ⁇ ) The number becomes one or more, and the breakage of the mold due to the particles is likely to occur as compared with the embodiment. Moreover, the pattern defect of the hardened
- the number concentration of particles in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) is effectively reduced by using a circulation filtration step.
- the number concentrations of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more in the curable compositions ( ⁇ 1-1 and ⁇ 1-2) were 21.5 / mL and 36.5 / mL, respectively. All were less than 2021 / mL.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) in which the number concentration of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more is less than 2021 / mL is used, it is considered that occurrence of damage to the mold due to particles can be suppressed. It is done. Moreover, it is thought that the pattern defect of the hardened
- grains in a curable composition ((alpha) 2) can be reduced effectively by using a circulation filtration process from the comparison with Example 3 and the comparative example 3.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 2) in which the number concentration of particles having a particle diameter of 0.07 ⁇ m or more is less than 471 particles / mL it is considered that occurrence of damage to the mold due to particles can be suppressed. It is done.
- the curable composition ( ⁇ 1 ′) as a component excluding the component (D) which is a solvent in the curable composition ( ⁇ 1) and the curable composition.
- both of the curable compositions ( ⁇ 2) having a number concentration of less than 471 / mL are used in combination, it is considered that the occurrence of damage to the mold due to particles can be further suppressed. Moreover, it is thought that the pattern defect of the hardened
- the particle diameter D (nm) of the particles is larger than 3S (nm) (D> 3S).
- the mold can be considered broken. That is, in the case of particles having a particle size of 0.07 ⁇ m or more, the mold pattern that is not damaged is considered to be a pattern having a space width of 1/3 or more of the particle size, that is, 23.3 nm or more. That is, it is considered that the curable composition of this example can suppress a decrease in yield particularly in the SST-NIL process using a mold having a pattern having a minimum space width of 23.3 nm or more.
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Abstract
Description
基板201上に、硬化性組成物(α1)202の液膜を配置する配置工程(1)、
前記硬化性組成物(α1)202の液膜からなる層上に、硬化性組成物(α2)203の液滴を離散的に付与する付与工程(2)、
前記硬化性組成物(α1)202と前記硬化性組成物(α2)203が部分的に混合してなる混合層をモールド205に接触させる型接触工程(3)、
前記2種の硬化性組成物が混合してなる混合層を照射光206で硬化させる光照射工程(4)、
前記モールド205を硬化後の混合層から引き離す離型工程(5)、
を有する。
SST-NILにおいて、付与工程(2)から離型工程(5)までの一連の工程単位を「ショット」と称し、モールド205が硬化性組成物(α1)202および硬化性組成物(α2)203と接触する領域、つまり、基板201上でパターンが形成される領域を「ショット領域」と称する。
(1)基板上に、硬化性組成物(α1)の液膜からなる層を配置する第1の工程(配置工程)と、
(2)前記硬化性組成物(α1)のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)の液膜からなる層上に、硬化性組成物(α2)の液滴を離散的に付与する第2の工程(付与工程)と、
(3)前記硬化性組成物(α1´)および前記硬化性組成物(α2)が部分的に混合してなる混合層をパターンを有するモールドに接触させる第3の工程(型接触工程)と、
(4)前記混合層を前記モールド側から光を照射することにより硬化させる第4の工程(光照射工程)と、
(5)前記モールドを硬化後の前記混合層から引き離す第5の工程(離型工程)と、
を有し、
前記硬化性組成物(α1)は、粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度が2021個/mL未満であり、且つ、前記硬化性組成物(α1´)が前記硬化性組成物(α2)よりも表面張力が大きい、
ことを特徴とする。
本実施形態に係るインプリント前処理コート用材料は、硬化性組成物(α1)を有している。好適には、本実施形態に係るインプリント前処理コート用材料は、硬化性組成物(α1)からなる。
硬化性組成物(α1)は、粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度が2021個/mL未満であり、付与される液滴、すなわち、その液膜上に配置される硬化性組成物(α2)よりも表面張力が大きい、ことを特徴とする。
以下、本実施形態に係る各成分について詳細に説明する。
本実施形態において、硬化性組成物(α)、すなわち硬化性組成物(α1)および硬化性組成物(α2)は、少なくとも重合性化合物である成分(A)を有する化合物である。本実施形態において、硬化性組成物(α)はさらに光重合開始剤である成分(B)、非重合性化合物である成分(C)、溶剤である成分(D)を含有してもよい。ただし、硬化性組成物(α)は、光を照射することによって硬化する組成物であれば、これに限定はされない。例えば、硬化性組成物(α)は、成分(A)および成分(B)として働く反応性官能基を、同一分子内に有する化合物を含んでもよい。
以下、硬化性組成物(α)の各成分について、詳細に説明する。
成分(A)は重合性化合物である。ここで、本実施形態において重合性化合物とは、光重合開始剤である成分(B)から発生した重合因子(ラジカル等)と反応し、連鎖反応(重合反応)によって重合する成分である。重合性化合物はこの連鎖反応によって、高分子化合物からなる硬化物を形成する化合物であることが好ましい。
なお本実施形態において、硬化性組成物(α)中に含まれる全ての重合性化合物をまとめて成分(A)とすることが好ましい。この場合、硬化性組成物(α)中に含まれる重合性化合物が一種類のみである構成、および特定の複数種類の重合性化合物のみである構成が含まれる。
ラジカル重合性化合物は、アクリロイル基またはメタクリロイル基を1つ以上有する化合物、すなわち、(メタ)アクリル化合物であることが好ましい。
したがって、本実施形態において、硬化性組成物(α)の成分(A)として、(メタ)アクリル化合物を含むことが好ましい。また、成分(A)の主成分が(メタ)アクリル化合物であることがより好ましく、さらには硬化性組成物(α)中に含まれる重合性化合物の全てが(メタ)アクリル化合物であることが最も好ましい。なお、ここで記載する「成分(A)の主成分が(メタ)アクリル化合物である」とは、成分(A)の90重量%以上が(メタ)アクリル化合物であることを示す。
ラジカル重合性化合物が、複数種類の(メタ)アクリル化合物で構成される場合には、単官能(メタ)アクリルモノマーと多官能(メタ)アクリルモノマーとを含むことが好ましい。これは、単官能(メタ)アクリルモノマーと多官能(メタ)アクリルモノマーとを組み合わせることで、機械的強度が強い硬化物が得られるからである。
アクリロイル基またはメタクリロイル基を2つ以上有する多官能(メタ)アクリル化合物としては、例えば、トリメチロールプロパンジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、EO変性トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、PO変性トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、EO,PO変性トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、ジメチロールトリシクロデカンジ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、フェニルエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,4-ブタンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,6-へキサンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,9-ノナンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,10-デカンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,12-ドデカンジオールジアクリレート、1,3-アダマンタンジメタノールジ(メタ)アクリレート、o-キシリレンジ(メタ)アクリレート、m-キシリレンジ(メタ)アクリレート、p-キシリレンジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)イソシアヌレートトリ(メタ)アクリレート、トリス(アクリロイルオキシ)イソシアヌレート、ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)トリシクロデカンジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールペンタ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ(メタ)アクリレート、EO変性2,2-ビス(4-((メタ)アクリロキシ)フェニル)プロパン、PO変性2,2-ビス(4-((メタ)アクリロキシ)フェニル)プロパン、EO,PO変性2,2-ビス(4-((メタ)アクリロキシ)フェニル)プロパン等が挙げられるが、これらに限定はされない。
重合性化合物である成分(A)の配合割合を、硬化性組成物(α1´)の成分の合計重量に対して50重量%以上とすることにより、得られる硬化膜をある程度の機械的強度を有する硬化膜とすることができる。
重合性化合物である成分(A)の配合割合を、硬化性組成物(α2´)の成分の合計重量に対して50重量%以上とすることにより、得られる硬化膜をある程度の機械的強度を有する硬化膜とすることができる。
成分(B)は、光重合開始剤である。本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α)は、前述した成分(A)の他に、種々の目的に応じ、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、さらに光重合開始剤である成分(B)を含有していてもよい。
成分(B)は、一種類の重合開始剤で構成されていてもよく、複数種類の重合開始剤で構成されていてもよい。
光重合開始剤は、所定の波長の光を感知して上記重合因子(ラジカル等)を発生させる化合物である。具体的には、光重合開始剤は、光(赤外線、可視光線、紫外線、遠紫外線、X線、電子線等の荷電粒子線等、放射線)によりラジカルを発生する重合開始剤(ラジカル発生剤)である。
これらの中でも、成分(B)は、アシルフォスフィンオキサイド系重合開始剤またはアルキルフェノン系重合開始剤であることが好ましい。上記の例のうち、アシルフォスフィンオキサイド系重合開始剤は、2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイルジフェニルフォスフィンオキサイド、ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)フェニルフォスフィンオキサイド、ビス(2,6-ジメトキシベンゾイル)-2,4,4-トリメチルペンチルフォスフィンオキサイドなどのアシルフォスフィンオキサイド化合物である。また、上記の例のうち、アルキルフェノン系重合開始剤は、ベンゾインメチルエーテル、ベンゾインエチルエーテル、ベンゾインフェニルエーテル等のベンゾインエーテル誘導体;ベンゾイン、メチルベンゾイン、エチルベンゾイン、プロピルベンゾイン等のベンゾイン誘導体;ベンジルジメチルケタール等のベンジル誘導体;アセトフェノン、3-メチルアセトフェノン、アセトフェノンベンジルケタール、1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン、2,2-ジメトキシ-2-フェニルアセトフェノン等のアセトフェノン誘導体;2-ベンジル-2-ジメチルアミノ-1-(4-モルフォリノフェニル)-ブタノン-1、2-メチル-1-[4-(メチルチオ)フェニル]-2-モルフォリノプロパン-1-オン等のα-アミノ芳香族ケトン誘導体である。
硬化性組成物(α1´)は、成分(B)の配合割合を0.1重量%未満とすることにより、硬化性組成物(α1)は実質的に光反応性を有さない。インプリント技術において、装置構成によっては、あるショットを露光する際に漏れ光が発生し、前記ショットに隣接するインプリント工程未実施のショット領域が露光される場合がある。硬化性組成物(α1)が光反応性を有さないのであれば、インプリント工程未実施の前記ショット領域における前記漏れ光による硬化性組成物(α1´)の光硬化が生じず、前記ショット領域においても短い充填時間でも未充填欠陥が少ないパターンが得られるのである。
光重合開始剤である成分(B)の硬化性組成物(α2)における配合割合は、成分(A)、成分(B)、および後述する成分(C)の合計重量、すなわち硬化性組成物(α2)のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く硬化性組成物(α2´)の成分の合計重量に対して、0重量%以上50重量%以下であり、好ましくは0.1重量%以上20重量%以下であり、さらに好ましくは1重量%以上20重量%以下である。
成分(B)の配合割合を、成分(A)、成分(B)、成分(C)の合計重量に対して0.1重量%以上とすることにより、硬化性組成物(α2)の硬化速度を速くすることができる。その結果、反応効率を良くすることができる。また、成分(B)の配合割合を成分(A)、成分(B)、成分(C)の合計重量に対して50重量%以下とすることにより、得られる硬化物をある程度の機械的強度を有する硬化物とすることができる。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α)は、前述した成分(A)、成分(B)の他に、種々の目的に応じ、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、さらに非重合性化合物である成分(C)を含有していてもよい。このような成分(C)としては、増感剤、水素供与体、内添型離型剤、界面活性剤、酸化防止剤、ポリマー成分、その他添加剤等が挙げられる。
増感剤は、重合反応促進や反応転化率の向上を目的として、適宜添加される化合物である。増感剤として、例えば、増感色素等が挙げられる。
増感色素の具体例としては、アントラセン誘導体、アントラキノン誘導体、ピレン誘導体、ペリレン誘導体、カルバゾール誘導体、ベンゾフェノン誘導体、チオキサントン誘導体、キサントン誘導体、クマリン誘導体、フェノチアジン誘導体、カンファキノン誘導体、アクリジン系色素、チオピリリウム塩系色素、メロシアニン系色素、キノリン系色素、スチリルキノリン系色素、ケトクマリン系色素、チオキサンテン系色素、キサンテン系色素、オキソノール系色素、シアニン系色素、ローダミン系色素、ピリリウム塩系色素等が挙げられるが、これらに限定はされない。
増感剤は、一種類を単独で用いてもよいし、二種類以上を混合して用いてもよい。
このような水素供与体の具体例としては、n-ブチルアミン、ジ-n-ブチルアミン、トリ-n-ブチルアミン、アリルチオ尿素、トリエチルアミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、4,4’-ビス(ジアルキルアミノ)ベンゾフェノン、N,N-ジメチルアミノ安息香酸エチルエステル、N,N-ジメチルアミノ安息香酸イソアミルエステル、ペンチル-4-ジメチルアミノベンゾエート、トリエタノールアミン、N-フェニルグリシン等のアミン化合物、2-メルカプト-N-フェニルベンゾイミダゾール、メルカプトプロピオン酸エステル等のメルカプト化合物、s-ベンジルイソチウロニウム-p-トルエンスルフィネート等の硫黄化合物、トリ-n-ブチルホスフィン等のリン化合物等が挙げられるが、これらに限定はされない。
水素供与体は、一種類を単独で用いてもよいし二種類以上を混合して用いてもよい。また、水素供与体は、増感剤としての機能を有してもよい。
内添型離型剤としては、シリコーン系界面活性剤、フッ素系界面活性剤および炭化水素系界面活性剤等の界面活性剤等を使用できる。本実施形態において、内添型離型剤は重合性を有さない。
炭化水素系界面活性剤としては、炭素数1以上50以下のアルキルアルコールに炭素数2以上4以下のアルキレンオキサイドを付加した、アルキルアルコールポリアルキレンオキサイド付加物等が含まれる。
これらの炭化水素系界面活性剤の中でも内添型離型剤としては、アルキルアルコールポリアルキレンオキサイド付加物であることが好ましく、長鎖アルキルアルコールポリアルキレンオキサイド付加物であることがより好ましい。
成分(C)の配合割合を、成分(A)、成分(B)、成分(C)の合計重量に対して50重量%以下とすることにより、得られる硬化物をある程度の機械的強度を有する硬化物とすることができる。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α)は、溶剤である成分(D)を含有していてもよい。成分(D)は、成分(A)、成分(B)、成分(C)が溶解する溶剤であれば、特に限定はされない。好ましい溶剤としては、常圧における沸点が80℃以上200℃以下の溶剤である。さらに好ましくは、水酸基、エーテル構造、エステル構造、ケトン構造のいずれかを少なくとも1つ有する溶剤である。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α)を調製する際には、各成分を所定の温度条件下で混合・溶解させる。具体的には、0℃以上100℃以下の範囲で行う。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α1)および(α2)は液体であることが好ましい。なぜならば、後述する型接触工程において、硬化性組成物(α1)および/または(α2)のスプレッドおよびフィルが速やかに完了する、つまり充填時間が短いからである。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α1)において、硬化性組成物(α1)のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く硬化性組成物(α1´)の成分の組成物の23℃での粘度は、1mPa・s以上1000mPa・s以下であることが好ましい。また、1mPa・s以上500mPa・s以下であることがより好ましく、1mPa・s以上100mPa・s以下であることがさらに好ましい。
硬化性組成物(α2)のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く硬化性組成物(α2´)の粘度を100mPa・s以下とすることにより、硬化性組成物(α2´)をモールドに接触する際に、スプレッドおよびフィルが速やかに完了する(非特許文献1)。
つまり、本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α)を用いることで、光ナノインプリント法を高い歩留まり(スループット)で実施することができる。また、充填不良によるパターン欠陥が生じにくい。
また、粘度を1mPa・s以上とすることにより、硬化性組成物(α)を基板上に塗布する際に塗りムラが生じにくくなる。さらに、硬化性組成物(α)をモールドに接触する際に、モールドの端部から硬化性組成物(α)が流出しにくくなる。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α)の表面張力は、硬化性組成物(α)のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く硬化性組成物(α´)の成分の組成物について23℃での表面張力が、5mN/m以上70mN/m以下であることが好ましい。また、より好ましくは、7mN/m以上50mN/m以下であり、さらに好ましくは、10mN/m以上40mN/m以下である。ここで、表面張力が高いほど、例えば表面張力が5mN/m以上であると、毛細管力が強く働くため、硬化性組成物(α´)をモールドに接触させる際に硬化性組成物(α´)のスプレッドおよびフィルが短時間で完了する(非特許文献1)。
また、表面張力を70mN/m以下とすることにより、硬化性組成物(α´)を硬化して得られる硬化物が表面平滑性を有する硬化物となる。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α1)および(α2)の接触角は、硬化性組成物(α)のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く硬化性組成物(α1´)および(α2´)の成分の組成物についてそれぞれ、基板表面およびモールド表面の双方に対して0°以上90°以下であることが好ましい。接触角が90°より大きいと、モールドパターンの内部や基板-モールドの間隙において毛細管力が負の方向(モールドと硬化性組成物間の接触界面を収縮させる方向)に働き、充填しない。0°以上30°以下であることが特に好ましい。接触角が低いほど毛細管力が強く働くため、充填速度が速い(非特許文献1)。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α)は、できる限り不純物を含まないことが好ましい。ここで記載する「不純物」とは、硬化性組成物(α)に意図して含有させたもの以外のものを指す。すなわち、成分(A)、成分(B)、成分(C)および成分(D)以外のものを指す。具体的には例えば、パーティクル、金属不純物、有機不純物等が挙げられるが、これらに限定はされない。
本実施形態においてパーティクルとは、微小な異物粒子のことを指す。パーティクルは典型的には数nm~数μmの粒径(直径)を有するゲル状ないし固形状の粒状物質、またはナノバブルやマイクロバブルなどの気泡(以下、単に「ナノバブル」と称する)のことを指す。
上述したように、ある値以上の粒径を有するパーティクルが硬化性組成物(α)に多く含有されていると、ナノインプリントプロセスに影響を及ぼす可能性がある。特に、後述するナノインプリントプロセスを基板上の異なる領域で複数回繰り返す場合、その途中でモールドが破損してしまうと、その後全ての転写パターンに不具合が生じてしまう。その結果、歩留まりが著しく低下してしまう。
そこでこのような歩留まりの低下を抑制するためには、基板(ウエハ)に配置された硬化性組成物(α1)のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)および/または硬化性組成物(α2)の液膜からなる層に含まれる、粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの粒子数が1個未満であればよい、すなわち、基板(ウエハ)1枚を処理するのに必要な体積の硬化性組成物(α)中に含有されるパーティクルの粒子数を1個未満とすればよい。
したがって、300mmウエハを用いてSST-NILプロセスを行う場合には、硬化性組成物(α1)が含有するパーティクルの個数濃度(個/mL)を2021個/mL未満とすることが好ましい。これにより、スピンコート法により硬化性組成物(α1)から溶剤である成分(D)を揮発させた後においても、300mmウエハ1枚あたりの硬化性組成物(α1´)の層中に含まれるパーティクルの数を1個未満にすることができ、SST-NILプロセスの歩留まりを向上させることができる。
同様に、450mmウエハを用いてSST-NILプロセスを行う場合には、硬化性組成物(α1)が含有するパーティクルの個数濃度(個/mL)を898個/mL未満とすることが好ましい。
したがって、300mmウエハを用いてSST-NILプロセスを行う場合には、硬化性組成物(α2)が含有するパーティクルの個数濃度(個/mL)を471個/mL未満とすることが好ましい。これにより、300mmウエハ1枚あたりのパーティクルの数を1個未満にすることができ、SST-NILプロセスの歩留まりを向上させることができる。
同様に、450mmウエハを用いてSST-NILプロセスを行う場合には、硬化性組成物(α2)が含有するパーティクルの個数濃度(個/mL)を209個/mL未満とすることが好ましい。
モールドの表面に形成された凹凸パターンに何らかの力が働き、凹凸パターンの凸部の先端が開くことで隣接する凸部と接触すると、モールドの破損が起こりやすい状態となる。ここで、硬化性組成物(α)が含有するパーティクルの影響を考える。
図4(b)に示すように、モールドの表面に形成された凸部が開き、それぞれ隣接する凸部に接触した場合、開いた凸部間の距離は3S(nm)となる。したがって近似的に、図4(b)に示すようにパーティクルPの粒径D(nm)が3S(nm)よりも大きいとき(D>3S)に、モールドが破損すると考えることができる。
したがって、例えば、粒径Dが0.07μm以上のパーティクルPがウエハ上に1つでもあると、S=23.3nm未満であるL/Sパターン付きモールドを用いた場合に、モールドの破損が起こりうることになる。
なお、モールドの表面に形成された凹凸パターンの凹部の幅S(nm)は、4nm以上30nm未満であることが好ましく、10nm以上23.3nm未満であることがより好ましい。これに加えて、特に、半導体製造用途の場合には、モールドの凸部の幅Lに対するモールドのパターン高さHのアスペクト比(H/L)が1以上10以下であるモールドを用いることが好ましい。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α)を用いて半導体デバイスを製造する場合、硬化性組成物(α)中に金属不純物が存在すると、硬化性組成物(α)を塗布することによって被加工基板が金属不純物により汚染されてしまう。その結果、得られる半導体デバイスの半導体特性に影響を与える可能性がある。すなわち、SST-NILプロセスの歩留まりが低下してしまう可能性がある。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α)を用いて半導体デバイスを製造する場合、硬化性組成物(α)中に有機不純物が存在すると、不具合が生じる可能性がある。例えば、硬化性組成物(α)中に有機不純物が存在すると、成形後のパターンの欠陥などの不具合を生じる。
硬化性組成物(α)が含有するパーティクルの個数濃度(個/mL)および粒径分布は、光散乱式液中パーティクルカウンタ(光散乱式LPC)や動的光散乱式粒子径分布測定装置(DLS)等の方法により測定することができる。本実施形態のように、パーティクルの粒子濃度(個/mL)が小さい、すなわちクリーン度の高い硬化性組成物(α)におけるパーティクルの個数濃度の測定には、光散乱式LPCを用いることが好ましい。
光散乱式LPCは、液体にレーザー光を照射したときに、液体に含まれるパーティクルから発せられる散乱光を検出する。このとき、この散乱光の強度は粒子の大きさに依存する。光散乱式LPCではこれを利用して、液体中のパーティクルの粒径と個数濃度を測定することができる。
次に、本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α)の製造方法について説明する。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α)は、SST-NILプロセスに好適であり、半導体製造用途のSST-NILプロセスにさらに好適である。
本実施形態に係るパーティクル除去工程において使用するフィルタの孔径は、0.001μm以上5.0μm以下であることが好ましい。また、粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度(個/mL)を低減するためには、孔径50nm以下のフィルタがより好ましく、孔径1nm以上5nm以下のフィルタが特に好ましい。なお、孔径1nm未満のフィルタでろ過すると、硬化性組成物(α)中の必要成分が除去されてしまう可能性があるため、フィルタの孔径は1nm以上であることが好ましい。なお、ここでいうフィルタの「孔径」はフィルタの有する細孔の平均孔径である。
なお、加圧ろ過を行う際には、ろ過前の原料(粗硬化性組成物(α))が所定量以下になってからの流分である最終流分は回収しないことが好ましい。ろ過前の原料が所定量以下になると、送液の過程で周囲の空気を巻き込んで送液される可能性が高くなり、その結果、ナノバブル等の気泡を多量に含む可能性がある。そのため、循環ろ過ではなく加圧ろ過を行う場合には、初流分および最終流分以外の流分を回収容器に回収することが好ましい。
本実施形態に係る循環ろ過による精製システムは、図5(a)に示すように、精製手段・送液手段11aと、パーティクル個数濃度計測手段(以下、「計測手段12」と称する)と、回収容器13と、容器14と、廃液容器15と、を有する。また、加圧ろ過による精製システムは、図5(b)に示すように、精製手段11bと、計測手段12と、回収容器13と、容器14と、廃液容器15と、圧力室16と、加圧手段(送液手段)17と、を有する。
また、本実施形態において粗硬化性組成物(α)を通過させるフィルタの孔径は50nm以下とする。これにより、粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度(個/mL)を効率よく低減することができる。
上記部材のうち、本実施形態に係る精製システムにおいて精製された硬化性組成物(α)が回収される回収容器13については、特に清浄度の高いものを使用する必要がある。回収容器13としては例えば、市販のクラス100のポリプロピレン製ボトル等を用いることができる。ただしこれに限定はされず、内部を有機溶剤や酸で洗浄した後、十分に乾燥したボトルを用いてもよいし、それを硬化性組成物(α)で共洗いして用いてもよい。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α)の精製システムにおいては、目的流分(精製後の硬化性組成物(α))を回収する回収容器13を精製システムのライン中にインラインで配置することが好ましい。このようにすることで、硬化性組成物(α)中におけるナノバブル等の新たな不純物の発生を抑制することができる。
このような精製工程(パーティクル除去工程)を経ることで、硬化性組成物(α)に混入したパーティクル等の不純物の数を減らすことができる。これにより、パーティクルによって生じるSST-NILプロセスの歩留まりの低下を抑制することができる。
したがって、硬化性組成物(α)は、その製造工程において、金属に接触させないことが好ましい。すなわち、各材料を秤量する際や配合して撹拌する際には、金属製の秤量器具、容器等を使用しないことが好ましい。また、前述した精製工程(パーティクル除去工程)において、金属不純物除去フィルタを用いたろ過をさらに行ってもよい。
これらの金属不純物除去フィルタは洗浄してから用いることが好ましい。洗浄方法としては、超純水、アルコール、硬化性組成物(α)による共洗いの順で実施することが好ましい。
このような場合、硬化性組成物(α)に含まれる金属不純物の濃度としては、10ppm以下が好ましく、100ppb以下にすることがさらに好ましい。
本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α)を硬化することで、硬化物が得られる。この際、硬化性組成物(α)を基材上に塗布して塗布膜を形成した上で硬化させ、硬化膜を得ることが好ましい。塗布膜の形成方法、硬化物や硬化膜の形成方法については後述する。
次に、本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α)を用いて硬化物パターンを形成する、硬化物パターンの形成方法について、図2の摸式断面図を用いて説明する。
(1)基板201上に、硬化性組成物(α1)202を配置する第1の工程(配置工程)と、
(2)前記硬化性組成物(α1)202のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)202´の層上に、硬化性組成物(α2)203の液滴を離散的に付与する第2の工程(付与工程)と、
(3)前記硬化性組成物(α1)202のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)202´と前記硬化性組成物(α2)203が部分的に混合してなる混合層をパターンを有するモールド205に接触させる第3の工程(型接触工程)と、
(4)前記2種の硬化性組成物が混合してなる混合層を硬化させる第4の工程(光照射工程)と、
(5)前記モールド205を硬化後の前記2種の硬化性組成物が混合してなる混合層から引き離す第5の工程(離型工程)と、
を有する。
以下、各工程について図2および図3を用いて説明する。
本工程(配置工程(1))では、図2(a)および(b)に示す通り、前述した本実施形態に係る硬化性組成物(α1)202を基板201上に配置(塗布)して前処理コートとなる塗布膜を形成する。基板201上に前処理コートとなる液膜が形成されることで、後述の付与工程(2)において硬化性組成物(α2)203の液滴が付与されると、液滴成分の基板面方向の広がりが促進される。広がりが促進される、とは直接基板201上に液滴を付与した場合の液滴の広がりの速度よりも前処理コート上に液滴を付与した場合の方が速く基板面方向に広がることを言う。この結果、離散的に滴下された硬化性組成物(α2)203の液滴が、硬化性組成物(α1)202のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)202´の液膜上において速やかに拡大するため、充填時間が短く、高スループットであるインプリントプロセスを提供することができる。
本実施形態において、基板201はシリコンウエハに限定されるものではない。基板201は、アルミニウム、チタン-タングステン合金、アルミニウム-ケイ素合金、アルミニウム-銅-ケイ素合金、酸化ケイ素、窒化ケイ素等の半導体デバイス用基板として知られているものの中からも任意に選択することができる。また、基板201として石英基板を用いれば、石英インプリントモールドのレプリカ(石英モールドレプリカ)を作製することができる。なお、使用される基板201(被加工基板)の上面には、シランカップリング処理、シラザン処理、有機薄膜の成膜、等の表面処理により密着層を形成し、硬化性組成物(α1)202のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)202´および硬化性組成物(α2)203との密着性を向上させた基板を用いてもよい。
スピンコート法を用いて硬化性組成物(α1)202を基板201あるいは被加工層上に配置する場合、ベーク工程を実施しなくとも溶剤成分(D)を揮発できることが好ましいが、必要に応じてベーク工程を実施し、溶剤成分(D)を揮発させても良い。
なお、硬化性組成物(α1)202のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)202´の平均膜厚は、使用する用途によっても異なるが、例えば、0.1nm以上10,000nm以下であり、好ましくは1nm以上20nm以下であり、特に好ましくは1nm以上10nm以下である。
本工程(付与工程(2))では、図2(c)に示す通り、硬化性組成物(α2)203の液滴を、前処理コートとして基板201上に配置されている前記硬化性組成物(α1)202のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)202´の層上に離散的に付与することが好ましい。付与方法としてはインクジェット法が特に好ましい。硬化性組成物(α2)203の液滴は、モールド205上に凹部が密に存在する領域に対向する基板201上には密に、凹部が疎に存在する領域に対向する基板201上には疎に配置される。このことにより、後述する残膜を、モールド205上のパターンの疎密によらずに均一な厚さに制御することができる。
次に、図2(e)に示すように、前工程(配置工程(1)および付与工程(2))で形成された硬化性組成物(α1)202のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)202´および硬化性組成物(α2)203が部分的に混合してなる液体の層にパターン形状を転写するための原型パターンを有するモールド205を接触させる。これにより、モールド205が表面に有する微細パターンの凹部に硬化性組成物(α1)202のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)202´および硬化性組成物(α2)203が部分的に混合してなる液体が充填(フィル)されて、モールド205の微細パターンに充填(フィル)された液膜となる。
必要に応じて、前工程(付与工程(2))終了後、本工程開始前に、モールド側位置決めマークと、基板201(被加工基板)の位置決めマークが一致するように、モールド205および/または基板201(被加工基板)の位置を調整することができる(位置合わせ工程)。
さらには、含有する粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度(個/mL)が2021個/mL未満である硬化性組成物(α1)202および含有する粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度(個/mL)が471個/mL未満である硬化性組成物(α2)203の両方を用いることで、パーティクルによるモールド205の破損をさらに抑制することができる。また、得られる硬化物パターンのパターン欠陥をさらに抑制することができる。この結果、SST-NILプロセスの歩留まりの低下をさらに抑制することができる。
凝縮性ガス雰囲気下で型接触工程を行うと、微細パターンの凹部に充填されたガスが液化することで気泡が消滅するため、充填性が優れる。凝縮性ガスは、硬化性組成物(α1)202のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)202´および/または硬化性組成物(α2)203に溶解してもよい。
これらのうち、型接触工程の雰囲気温度が20℃~25℃での充填性が優れるという観点から、1,1,1,3,3-ペンタフルオロプロパン(23℃での蒸気圧0.14MPa、沸点15℃)、トリクロロフルオロメタン(23℃での蒸気圧0.1056MPa、沸点24℃)、およびペンタフルオロエチルメチルエーテルが好ましい。さらに、安全性が優れるという観点から、1,1,1,3,3-ペンタフルオロプロパンが特に好ましい。
次に、図2(f)に示すように、硬化性組成物(α1)202のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)202´および硬化性組成物(α2)203が部分的に混合してなる混合層に対し、モールド205を介して照射光206を照射する。より詳細には、モールド205の微細パターンに充填された硬化性組成物(α1)202のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)202´および/または硬化性組成物(α2)203に、モールド205を介して照射光206を照射する。これにより、モールド205の微細パターンに充填された硬化性組成物(α1)202のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)202´および/または硬化性組成物(α2)203は、照射される照射光206によって硬化してパターン形状を有する硬化膜207となる。
これらの中でも、硬化性組成物(α1)202のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)202´および硬化性組成物(α2)203に照射する照射光206は、紫外光が特に好ましい。これは、硬化助剤(光重合開始剤)として市販されているものは、紫外光に感度を有する化合物が多いからである。ここで紫外光を発する光源としては、例えば、高圧水銀灯、超高圧水銀灯、低圧水銀灯、Deep-UVランプ、炭素アーク灯、ケミカルランプ、メタルハライドランプ、キセノンランプ、KrFエキシマレーザ、ArFエキシマレーザ、F2エキシマレーザ等が挙げられるが、超高圧水銀灯が特に好ましい。また使用する光源の数は1つでもよいしまたは複数であってもよい。また、光照射を行う際には、モールド205の微細パターンに充填された被形状転写層(硬化性組成物(α1)202のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)202´および硬化性組成物(α2)203)の全面に行ってもよく、一部領域にのみ行ってもよい。
次に、パターン形状を有する硬化膜207からモールド205を引き離す。
本工程(離型工程(5))では、図2(g)に示すように、パターン形状を有する硬化膜207からモールド205を引き離すことにより、工程(4)(光照射工程)において、モールド205上に形成された微細パターンの反転パターンとなるパターン形状を有する硬化膜207が得られる。なお、パターン形状を有する硬化膜207の凹凸パターンの凹部にも硬化膜が残存するが、この膜のことを残膜303と呼ぶこととする(図3(a)参照。)。
パターン形状を有する硬化膜207とモールド205とを引き離す方法としては、引き離す際にパターン形状を有する硬化膜207の一部が物理的に破損しなければ特に限定されず、各種条件等も特に限定されない。例えば、基板201(被加工基板)を固定してモールド205を基板201から遠ざかるように移動させて剥離してもよい。もしくは、モールド205を固定して基板201をモールド205から遠ざかるように移動させて剥離してもよい。あるいは、これらの両方を正反対の方向へ引っ張って剥離してもよい。
離型工程(5)により得られるパターン形状を有する硬化膜207は、特定のパターン形状を有するものの、このパターン形状が形成される領域以外の領域においても、図3(a)に示すように、残膜303が残る場合がある。そのような場合は、図3(b)に示すように、得られたパターン形状を有する硬化膜302のうちの除去すべき領域にある硬化膜(残膜303)をエッチングガスA305(図3(b))などにより除去する。これにより、所望の凹凸パターン形状(図2のモールド205の凹凸形状に因むパターン形状)を有する残膜303のない(基板301の表面の所望の部分が露出した)硬化膜パターン304を得ることができる。
残膜除去工程(6)後、残膜303のない硬化膜パターン304をレジスト膜として利用して、工程(6)において表面が露出した基板301の一部分に対してドライエッチングを行う。ドライエッチングには、従来公知のドライエッチング装置を用いることができる。そして、エッチングガスB306(図3(c))は、エッチングに供される硬化膜302の元素組成および基板301の元素組成によって適宜選択されるが、CF4、C2F6、C3F8、CCl2F2、CCl4、CBrF3、BCl3、PCl3、SF6、Cl2等のハロゲン系ガス、O2、CO、CO2等の酸素原子を含むガス、He、N2、Ar等の不活性ガス、H2、NH3のガス等を使用することができる。なお、これらのガスは混合して用いることもできる。エッチングガスA305(図3(b))およびエッチングガスB306(図3(c))は、同一であっても異なっていても良い。
する実施例に限定されるものではない。
(実施例1)
下記に示される成分(A)、成分(B)、成分(C)、成分(D)を配合し、イオンフィルタ、10nmナイロンフィルタ、5nmHDPEフィルタを用いて循環ろ過した。約8パス相当の時間(被ろ過液の液量の8倍量の液に相当する送液時間)をかけて循環ろ過し、実施例1の硬化性組成物(α1-1)を調製した。
(1-1)成分(A):合計100重量部
<A-1>1,12-ドデカンジオールジアクリレート(Wanda Science製):100重量部
(1-2)成分(B):合計0重量部
成分(B)は添加しなかった。
(1-3)成分(C):合計0重量部
成分(C)は添加しなかった。
(1-4)成分(D):合計33000重量部
プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(東京化成工業製、略称PGMEA):33000重量部
調製した硬化性組成物(α1-1)中のパーティクルの個数濃度の測定は、液中パーティクルセンサKS-18F(リオン製)を用いて行った。また、コントローラKE-40B1(リオン製)、シリンジサンプラKZ-30W1(リオン製)を併用した。シリンジサンプラを駆動することで、硬化性組成物(α1-1)を15mL送液し、液中パーティクルセンサの測定セル中を10mL/minの流速で通過させた。これにより、硬化性組成物(α1-1)中の粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度を測定した。これを2回繰り返して行って得られた個数濃度の平均値を求め、粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度(平均)とした。硬化性組成物(α1-1)中の粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度(平均)は、21.5個/mLであった。
(1)硬化性組成物(α1-2)の調製
成分(A)を、<A-1>1,12-ドデカンジオールジアクリレート(Wanda Science製):30重量部、<A-2>ジメチロールトリシクロデカンジアクリレート(Sartomer製、商品名:SR833s):70重量部としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして硬化性組成物(α1-2)を調製した。
実施例1と同様にしてパーティクルの個数濃度を測定した。硬化性組成物(α1-2)中の粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度(平均)は、36.5個/mLであった。
(1)硬化性組成物(α2-1)の調製
下記に示される成分(A)、成分(B)、成分(C)、成分(D)を配合し、イオンフィルタ、10nmナイロンフィルタ、5nmHDPEフィルタを用いて循環ろ過した。約8パス相当の時間をかけて循環ろ過し、実施例3の硬化性組成物(α2-1)を調製した。
(1-1)成分(A):合計94重量部
<A-1>イソボルニルアクリレート(共栄社化学製、商品名:IB-XA):9.0重量部
<A-2>ベンジルアクリレート(大阪有機化学工業製、商品名:V#160):38.0重量部
<A-3>ネオペンチルグリコールジアクリレート(共栄社化学製、商品名:NP-A):47.0重量部
(1-2)成分(B):合計3重量部
<B-1>LucirinTPO(BASF製):3重量部
(1-3)成分(C):合計2.1重量部
<C-1>SR-730(青木油脂工業製):1.6重量部
<C-2>4,4’-ビス(ジエチルアミノ)ベンゾフェノン(東京化成製):0.5重量部
(1-4)成分(D):合計0重量部
成分(D)は添加しなかった。
調製した硬化性組成物(α2-1)中のパーティクルの個数濃度の測定は、液中パーティクルセンサKS-41B(0.07μm対応オプション付き、リオン製)を用いて行った。また、コントローラKE-40B1(リオン製)、シリンジサンプラKZ-30W1(リオン製)を併用した。シリンジサンプラを駆動することで、硬化性組成物(α2-1)を10mL送液し、液中パーティクルセンサの測定セル中を5mL/minの流速で通過させた。これにより、硬化性組成物(α2-1)中の粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度を測定した。これを3回繰り返して行って得られた個数濃度の平均値を求め、粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度(平均)とした。硬化性組成物(α2-1)中の粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度(平均)は、99.9個/mLであった。
(1)硬化性組成物(α1-1β)の調製
実施例1と同様の成分(A)、成分(B)、成分(C)、成分(D)を配合し、比較例1の硬化性組成物(α1-1β)を調製した。実施例1のような循環ろ過は行わなかった。
本比較例における硬化性組成物(α1-1β)はろ過等の精製工程を行っていないため、パーティクルの個数濃度は非常に高いものと推測される。このような硬化性組成物(α1-1β)中のパーティクルの個数濃度の測定を行うと、パーティクルによって液中パーティクルセンサの測定セルや流路を著しく汚染してしまう可能性が高い。そのため、硬化性組成物(α1-1β)中のパーティクルの個数濃度の測定は実施しなかった。
(1)硬化性組成物(α1-2β)の調製
実施例2と同様の成分(A)、成分(B)、成分(C)、成分(D)を配合し、比較例2の硬化性組成物(α1-2β)を調製した。実施例2のような循環ろ過は行わなかった。
本比較例における硬化性組成物(α1-2β)はろ過等の精製工程を行っていないため、パーティクルの個数濃度は非常に高いものと推測される。このような硬化性組成物(α1-2β)中のパーティクルの個数濃度の測定を行うと、パーティクルによって液中パーティクルセンサの測定セルや流路を著しく汚染してしまう可能性が高い。そのため、硬化性組成物(α1-2β)中のパーティクルの個数濃度の測定は実施しなかった。
(1)硬化性組成物(α2-1β)の調製
実施例3と同様の成分(A)、成分(B)、成分(C)、成分(D)を配合し、孔径5nmのフィルタ(Optimizer D300、日本インテグリス製)を用いて加圧ろ過を行い、比較例3の硬化性組成物(α2-1β)を調製した。
実施例3と同様にしてパーティクルの個数濃度を測定したところ、硬化性組成物(α2-1β)中の粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度(平均)は、616個/mLであった。また、加圧ろ過前の粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度(平均)は、使用した液中パーティクルセンサの最大定格粒子個数濃度(9600個/mL)以上であった。
(実施例4)
スピンコーターを用いて硬化性組成物(α1-1)を直径450mmのシリコンウエハ上に塗布することで、7nm程度の厚さの硬化性組成物(α1´-1)の膜を得ることができる。この際、硬化性組成物(α1-1)中の溶媒成分(D)が蒸発し、溶媒成分(D)を除く硬化性組成物(α1-1)の成分の組成物(α1´-1)となる。
硬化性組成物(α1´-1)の膜の上に、インクジェット法を用いて硬化性組成物(α2-1)の1pLの液滴を離散的に配置することができる。液滴量は、例えば、硬化性組成物(α1´-1)と硬化性組成物(α2-1)の混合物の液膜を光硬化した際の硬化膜の平均膜厚が37nm程度になる量とする。このとき、下層に配置されている硬化性組成物(α1´-1)の表面張力は、その上層に滴下される硬化性組成物(α2-1)の表面張力より高いので、マランゴニ効果が発現し、硬化性組成物(α2-1)の液滴の拡大(プレスプレッド)は速やかである。なお、溶媒成分(D)を除く硬化性組成物(α1)の成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)および硬化性組成物(α2)の表面張力の測定は、以下に示すように行った。
実施例4と同様に、下層に配置されている溶媒成分(D)を除く硬化性組成物(α1-2)の成分の組成物(α1´-2)の表面張力は、その上層に滴下される硬化性組成物(α2-1)の表面張力より高いので、マランゴニ効果が発現し、硬化性組成物(α2-1)の液滴の拡大(プレスプレッド)は速やかである。
実施例4と同様に、下層に配置されている溶媒成分(D)を除く硬化性組成物(α1-1β)の成分の組成物(α1´-1β)の表面張力は、その上層に滴下される硬化性組成物(α2-1β)の表面張力より高いので、マランゴニ効果が発現し、硬化性組成物(α2-1β)の液滴の拡大(プレスプレッド)は速やかである。
溶媒成分(D)を除く硬化性組成物(α1)の成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)および硬化性組成物(α2)の表面張力の測定は、自動表面張力計DY-300(協和界面化学製)を用い、白金プレートを用いたプレート法により、25℃における表面張力を測定することにより行った。なお、測定は、測定回数5回、白金プレートのプリウェット浸漬距離0.35mmの条件で行った。1回目の測定値を除いて、2回目から5回目の測定値の平均値を表面張力とした。
このように、粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度が2021個/mL未満となる硬化性組成物(α1)を用いると、パーティクルによるモールドの破損の発生を抑制することができると考えられる。また、得られる硬化物パターンのパターン欠陥を抑制することができると考えられる。この結果、SST-NILプロセスの歩留まりの低下を抑制することができると考えられる。
このように、粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度が471個/mL未満となる硬化性組成物(α2)を用いると、パーティクルによるモールドの破損の発生を抑制することができると考えられる。また、得られる硬化物パターンのパターン欠陥を抑制することができると考えられる。この結果、SST-NILプロセスの歩留まりの低下を抑制することができると考えられる。
102 レジスト
104 液滴の広がる方向を示す矢印
105 モールド
106 照射光
107 光硬化膜
108 残膜
201 基板(被加工基板)
202 硬化性組成物(α1)
202´ 硬化性組成物(α1)のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)
203 硬化性組成物(α2)
204 液滴の広がる方向を示す矢印
205 モールド
206 照射光
207 パターン形状を有する硬化膜
301 基板(被加工基板)
302 パターン形状を有する硬化膜
303 残膜
304 硬化膜パターン
305 エッチングガスA
306 エッチングガスB
11a 精製手段・送液手段
11b 精製手段
12 計測手段
13 回収容器
14 容器
15 廃液容器
16 圧力室
17 加圧手段(送液手段)
H モールドのパターン高さ
L モールドの凸部の幅
S モールドの凹部の幅
D (パーティクルの)粒径
P パーティクル
Claims (24)
- (1)基板上に、硬化性組成物(α1)の液膜からなる層を配置する第1の工程(配置工程)と、
(2)前記硬化性組成物(α1)のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)の液膜からなる層上に、硬化性組成物(α2)の液滴を離散的に付与する第2の工程(付与工程)と、
(3)前記硬化性組成物(α1´)および前記硬化性組成物(α2)が部分的に混合してなる混合層をパターンを有するモールドに接触させる第3の工程(型接触工程)と、
(4)前記混合層を前記モールド側から光を照射することにより硬化させる第4の工程(光照射工程)と、
(5)前記モールドを硬化後の前記混合層から引き離す第5の工程(離型工程)と、
を有し、
前記硬化性組成物(α1)は、粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度が2021個/mL未満であり、且つ、前記硬化性組成物(α1´)が前記硬化性組成物(α2)よりも表面張力が大きい、
ことを特徴とする硬化物パターンの製造方法。 - 前記硬化性組成物(α2)中の粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度が471個/mL未満であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のインプリント前処理コート用材料。
- 前記基板の上面に、密着層が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の硬化物パターンの製造方法。
- 前記モールドが、表面に凹凸パターンが形成されたモールドであって、
前記凹凸パターンの凹部の幅が4nm以上30nm未満であり、
前記モールドの凸部の幅Lに対する前記モールドのパターン高さHのアスペクト比(H/L)が1以上10以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の硬化物パターンの製造方法。 - 前記第2の工程と前記第3の工程の間に、前記基板と前記モールドとの位置合わせを行う工程をさらに有することを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の硬化物パターンの製造方法。
- 前記第2の工程~前記第5の工程を、前記基板上の異なる領域で複数回繰り返すことを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の硬化物パターンの製造方法。
- 前記第3の工程が、凝縮性ガスを含む雰囲気下で行われることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の硬化物パターンの製造方法。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の硬化物パターンの製造方法により硬化物パターンを得る工程を有することを特徴とする光学部品の製造方法。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の硬化物パターンの製造方法により硬化物パターンを得る工程を有することを特徴とする回路基板の製造方法。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の硬化物パターンの製造方法により硬化物パターンを得る工程を有することを特徴とする石英モールドレプリカの製造方法。
- 硬化性組成物(α1)からなるインプリント前処理コート用材料であって、
基板上に前処理コートとなる前記硬化性組成物(α1)の液膜を形成し、該硬化性組成物(α1)のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)の液膜からなる層上に硬化性組成物(α2)からなる液滴を付与した際に、該液滴の成分の基板面方向の広がりが促進され、
前記硬化性組成物(α1´)は、前記硬化性組成物(α2)よりも大きい表面張力を有しており、且つ、前記硬化性組成物(α1)中の粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度が2021個/mL未満であることを特徴とするインプリント前処理コート用材料。 - 前記硬化性組成物(α1´)は、前記硬化性組成物(α2)よりも大きい表面張力を有しており、且つ、前記硬化性組成物(α1)中の粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度が898個/mL未満であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載のインプリント前処理コート用材料。
- 前記硬化性組成物(α1´)および前記硬化性組成物(α2)が部分的に混合してなる混合層に対し、表面に凹凸パターンが形成されたモールドを用いて、インプリントプロセスによって前記凹凸パターンを転写する場合、
前記モールドの有する前記凹凸パターンの凹部の幅がS(nm)であるとき、粒径が2.5S(nm)以上のパーティクルの個数濃度が2021個/mL未満であることを特徴とする請求項11または12に記載のインプリント前処理コート用材料。 - 前記凹部の幅(S)が4nm以上30nm未満であり、前記モールドの凸部の幅Lに対する前記モールドのパターン高さHのアスペクト比(H/L)が1以上10以下であることを特徴とする請求項13に記載のインプリント前処理コート用材料。
- 単官能(メタ)アクリル化合物および多官能(メタ)アクリル化合物のうち少なくとも一方を有することを特徴とする請求項11~14のいずれか一項に記載のインプリント前処理コート用材料。
- 光重合開始剤を有することを特徴とする請求項11~15のいずれか一項に記載のインプリント前処理コート用材料。
- フッ素系界面活性剤または炭化水素系界面活性剤を有することを特徴とする請求項11~16のいずれか一項に記載のインプリント前処理コート用材料。
- 前記硬化性組成物(α1´)の23℃での粘度が、1mPa・s以上1000mPa・s以下であることを特徴とする請求項11~17のいずれか一項に記載のインプリント前処理コート用材料。
- 前記硬化性組成物(α2)中の粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度が471個/mL未満であることを特徴とする請求項11~18のいずれか一項に記載のインプリント前処理コート用材料。
- 前記硬化性組成物(α2)中の粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの個数濃度が209個/mL未満であることを特徴とする請求項11~19のいずれか一項に記載のインプリント前処理コート用材料。
- 前記硬化性組成物(α2)のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α2´)の23℃での粘度が、1mPa・s以上12mPa・s以下であることを特徴とする請求項11~20のいずれか一項に記載のインプリント前処理コート用材料。
- 請求項11~21のいずれか一項に記載のインプリント前処理コート用材料を硬化して得られる硬化物。
- (1)基板上に、硬化性組成物(α1)の液膜からなる層を配置する第1の工程(配置工程)と、
(2)前記硬化性組成物(α1)のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)の液膜からなる層上に、硬化性組成物(α2)の液滴を離散的に付与する第2の工程(付与工程)と、
(3)前記硬化性組成物(α1´)および前記硬化性組成物(α2)が部分的に混合してなる混合層をパターンを有するモールドに接触させる第3の工程(型接触工程)と、
(4)前記混合層を前記モールド側から光を照射することにより硬化させる第4の工程(光照射工程)と、
(5)前記モールドを硬化後の前記混合層から引き離す第5の工程(離型工程)と、
を有し、
前記基板に配置された前記硬化性組成物(α1´)および前記硬化性組成物(α2)が部分的に混合してなる前記混合層の液膜に含まれる、粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの粒子数が1個未満であり、且つ、前記硬化性組成物(α1´)が前記硬化性組成物(α2)よりも表面張力が大きい、
ことを特徴とする硬化物パターンの製造方法。 - 硬化性組成物(α1)からなるインプリント前処理コート用材料であって、
基板上に前処理コートとなる前記硬化性組成物(α1)の液膜を形成し、該硬化性組成物(α1)のうち溶剤である成分(D)を除く成分の硬化性組成物(α1´)の液膜からなる層上に硬化性組成物(α2)からなる液滴を付与した際に、該液滴の成分の基板面方向の広がりが促進され、
前記硬化性組成物(α1´)は、前記硬化性組成物(α2)よりも大きい表面張力を有しており、且つ、前記基板に配置された前記硬化性組成物(α1´)および前記硬化性組成物(α2)が部分的に混合してなる混合層の液膜に含まれる、粒径が0.07μm以上のパーティクルの粒子数が1個未満であることを特徴とするインプリント前処理コート用材料。
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JP2018510571A JP6983760B2 (ja) | 2016-04-08 | 2017-03-31 | 硬化物パターンの形成方法、加工基板の製造方法、光学部品の製造方法、回路基板の製造方法、電子部品の製造方法、インプリントモールドの製造方法、およびインプリント前処理コート用材料 |
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US16/150,939 US11597137B2 (en) | 2016-04-08 | 2018-10-03 | Method of forming pattern of cured product as well as production methods for processed substrate, optical component, circuit board, electronic component, imprint mold and imprint pretreatment coating material |
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KR20180132776A (ko) | 2018-12-12 |
KR102216503B1 (ko) | 2021-02-17 |
KR102344647B1 (ko) | 2021-12-30 |
US11597137B2 (en) | 2023-03-07 |
TWI629154B (zh) | 2018-07-11 |
CN109075034A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
JPWO2017175668A1 (ja) | 2019-02-14 |
JP6983760B2 (ja) | 2021-12-17 |
US20190030785A1 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
KR20200138448A (ko) | 2020-12-09 |
TW201736076A (zh) | 2017-10-16 |
CN109075034B (zh) | 2023-05-16 |
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