WO2014069046A1 - 電動車両 - Google Patents
電動車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014069046A1 WO2014069046A1 PCT/JP2013/067975 JP2013067975W WO2014069046A1 WO 2014069046 A1 WO2014069046 A1 WO 2014069046A1 JP 2013067975 W JP2013067975 W JP 2013067975W WO 2014069046 A1 WO2014069046 A1 WO 2014069046A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- motor
- electric vehicle
- battery unit
- vehicle
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
- B60L7/14—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by ac motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
- B62D21/11—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted with resilient means for suspension, e.g. of wheels or engine; sub-frames for mounting engine or suspensions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
- B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
- B60K2001/0416—Arrangement in the rear part of the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric vehicle including a battery unit and a motor.
- JP 09-309343 A a collective battery 20 is disposed below the driver's seat 6 (FIG. 2).
- a first battery pack 1900 that is a 12-volt lead storage battery and a second that is a lithium ion battery.
- Battery pack 2000 ([0032], [0033]).
- the first battery pack 1900 is placed in the engine compartment ([0033]).
- Second battery pack 2000 is provided below the passenger seat 1120 of vehicle 1000 ([0034]).
- JPJ08-002405 A In an electric vehicle disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-002405 (hereinafter referred to as “JPJ08-002405 A”), a lead battery 25 is disposed above the fuel tank 24 and a sodium sulfur battery 28 is disposed behind the partition wall 27. (FIG. 4, FIG. 5, [0011], [0012]).
- US 2007/0089442 A1 a rear air conditioning unit 2000 and a battery pack 3000 are provided on the floor panel 4000 and below the upper back panel 5000 (see FIG. FIG. 1, [0052]).
- the battery pack 3000 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape (FIGS. 1 and 2).
- US 2011/0132676 A1 the front side of the battery 12 that supplies power to the motor 11 is disposed in front of the dash panel 18.
- the rear side of the battery 12 is provided in the tunnel portion 22 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (summary, FIGS. 1 and 2).
- the second battery pack 2000 is provided below the seat of the passenger seat 1120 of the vehicle 1000 (FIG. 2, FIG. 3, [0034]). For this reason, restrictions or restrictions similar to those of JP 09-309343 A may occur.
- the lead battery 25 and the sodium-sulfur battery 28 are disposed at the positions shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
- the lead battery 25 and the sodium-sulfur battery 28 are relatively different from the seating position of the passenger. In a high position. For this reason, it becomes difficult to lower the center of gravity of the vehicle as a whole during driving, and the improvement in traveling performance can be limited due to the influence of the roll shaft moment or the like.
- a rectangular parallelepiped battery pack 3000 is provided on the floor panel 4000 below the upper back panel 5000 and the rear air conditioning unit 2000 (FIG. 1).
- the front side (the left side in FIG. 1) of the upper back panel 5000 is inclined along the rear seat back 1010.
- the battery pack 3000 is arranged without being inclined. For this reason, a dead space is generated between the battery pack 3000 and the upper back 5000 on the front side (left side in FIG. 1).
- the front side of the battery 12 is disposed in front of the dash panel 18 and the rear side of the battery 12 is disposed in the tunnel portion 22 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (summary, FIGS. 1 and 2). ). For this reason, the battery 12 may impair the comfortability or hinder downsizing.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object thereof is to provide an electric vehicle capable of at least one of improvement in running performance, compactness, and improvement in comfort.
- An electric vehicle is a two-seater electric vehicle including a battery unit, a motor that drives a rear wheel, and a motor mount that is provided behind the battery unit and fixes the motor.
- the vehicle further includes a rear partition that partitions the passenger compartment behind the back of the passenger seat, and the rear partition includes an inclined portion that is inclined so as to be positioned behind the electric vehicle as it goes upward.
- at least a part of the battery unit is provided along the inclined portion of the rear partition wall, and the lower end of the battery unit is disposed below the hip point of the occupant, and when viewed in the vehicle width direction, the battery unit
- the motor mount is disposed such that an upper portion of the motor mount and a part of the motor mount overlap in the vertical direction of the electric vehicle.
- the center of gravity of the electric vehicle can be lowered as compared with the case where the lower end of the battery unit is arranged above the hip point. For this reason, it becomes possible to bring the center of gravity of the electric vehicle closer to the hip point in the vertical direction of the electric vehicle. Accordingly, it is possible to give the occupant a sense of unity with the electric vehicle during driving and a light operational feeling. Further, if the hip point can be lowered, the vehicle height can be lowered, and as a result, the air resistance can be reduced and the consumption of electric power or fuel can be suppressed.
- the rear partition wall includes an inclined portion that is inclined so as to be positioned behind the electric vehicle as it goes upward, and at least a part of the battery unit is provided along the inclined portion. .
- the upper part of the battery unit and a part of the motor mount overlap in the vertical direction of the electric vehicle (for example, the upper part of the battery unit and a part of the motor mount overlap in plan view). So that the motor mount is arranged.
- the motor mount and the motor fixed to the motor mount can be brought closer to the passenger seat in the front-rear direction of the electric vehicle.
- the dead space behind the rear partition can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size of the electric vehicle or to increase the comfort by increasing the cabin for the dead space.
- the battery unit may be disposed outside the passenger compartment, and a part of the battery unit may be fixed to the rear partition. This makes it possible to improve the rigidity of the rear partition (and the vehicle body) by utilizing the rigidity of the battery unit itself.
- the battery unit may supply power to the motor, and the battery unit, the motor, and an inverter that controls power supply from the battery unit to the motor may be arranged in the same space.
- the battery unit, the motor, and the inverter are usually high-voltage devices, but it is possible to improve power efficiency by arranging these high-voltage devices close to each other.
- the inverter may be provided behind the battery unit and above the motor. Thereby, a battery unit, a motor, and an inverter can be stored compactly.
- the battery unit may be configured integrally with the inverter. Thereby, it is possible to eliminate the need for a power cable connecting the battery unit and the inverter.
- the mounting direction of the battery unit cover may be the same as the mounting direction of the inverter. As a result, it is possible to facilitate the installation of the inverter and the wire connection work.
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing an electrically powered vehicle 10 (hereinafter also referred to as “vehicle 10”) according to an embodiment of the present invention with a part thereof omitted.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the electric vehicle 10 with a part thereof omitted.
- FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the electric vehicle 10 with a part thereof omitted.
- FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing the electric vehicle 10 with a part thereof omitted.
- FIG. 5 is a rear view of the electric vehicle 10 with a part thereof omitted.
- the vehicle 10 is a battery car in a narrow sense and includes a motor 12 and a power system 14 having a battery box 16 (battery unit). As will be described later, the vehicle 10 may be an electric vehicle other than an electric vehicle as long as it has a motor 12.
- the vehicle 10 is a two-seater in which a driver seat 20 and a passenger seat 22 as passenger seats are adjacent in the vehicle width direction (Y1, Y2 direction in FIG. 2 and the like). As will be described later, the vehicle 10 may be of a type (the number of seats) other than the 2-seater.
- the vehicle 10 is a right-hand drive vehicle, but may be a left-hand drive vehicle.
- the motor 12 is a drive source for generating the driving force F of the vehicle 10, and drives the rear wheel 24r in this embodiment.
- the motor 12 is a three-phase AC brushless type, and generates the driving force F of the vehicle 10 based on the electric power supplied from the battery box 16. Further, the motor 12 charges the battery box 16 by outputting electric power (regenerative power Preg) [W] generated by performing regeneration to the battery box 16.
- the regenerative power Preg may be output to a 12 volt system or an auxiliary machine (not shown).
- the motor 12 is integrated with the gear box and is disposed coaxially with the shaft 26 for the rear wheel 24r.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the motor 12 and its surroundings.
- FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged plan view showing electrically powered vehicle 10 with a part thereof (including battery box 16) omitted. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the motor 12 is fixed to the subframe 32 via motor mounts 30a to 30c (hereinafter collectively referred to as “motor mount 30”).
- the motor mounts 30a to 30c of the present embodiment include three, a left front mount 30a, a right front mount 30b, and a rear mount 30c.
- the motor mounts 30a to 30c are not limited to this as long as they can support the motor 12.
- the left front mount 30a and the right front mount 30b overlap a part of the battery box 16 in a plan view (Z1 and Z2 directions).
- the power system 14 supplies power to the motor 12 and charges regenerative power Preg from the motor 12.
- the electric power system 14 includes a motor control unit 40 and a battery control unit 42 in addition to the battery box 16.
- FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged side view showing the electric vehicle 10 with a part thereof omitted.
- the battery box 16 includes a plurality of battery modules 50, a battery tray 52, a first battery cover 54, and a second battery cover 56.
- the battery box 16 is based on a rectangular parallelepiped shape, as shown in FIG. 4 etc., the site
- positioned is notched.
- the battery box 16 is disposed in the same space as the motor 12 and the motor control unit 40 (including an inverter 90 described later).
- the battery box 16 is comprised integrally with the motor control part 40 (FIG. 4 etc.).
- the battery module 50 as a battery unit is a power storage device (energy storage) including a plurality of battery cells.
- a lithium ion secondary battery, a nickel hydride secondary battery, or a capacitor can be used.
- a lithium ion secondary battery is used.
- the battery module 50 of the present embodiment has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- a DC / DC converter (not shown) may be provided between the battery module 50 and the motor control unit 40 (inverter 90), and the output voltage of the battery module 50 or the output voltage of the motor 12 may be boosted or lowered.
- the battery tray 52 is a metal or resin-made and plate-like support member that supports the battery module 50. As shown in FIG. 8, each battery module 50 is fixed to the battery tray 52 by bolts 58.
- the first battery cover 54 and the second battery cover 56 are resin or metal members that cover the battery module 50 and the battery tray 52.
- the first battery cover 54 is fixed to the battery tray 52 in the X2 direction on the front side of the battery tray 52
- the second battery cover 56 is fixed to the battery tray 52 in the X1 direction on the rear side of the battery tray 52.
- the first battery cover 54 and the second battery cover 56 are fixed to the battery tray 52 with, for example, bolts (not shown).
- FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged plan view for explaining a structure for supporting the battery box 16.
- the lower end E1 of the battery box 16 is arrange
- the hip point P1 is the center (design value) of the buttock of the occupant (including the driver 60).
- the lower end E1 of the battery box 16 is arrange
- the battery box 16 has a rear partition wall 72 in the metal main frame 70 of the vehicle 10 such that the upper portion thereof is located behind the lower portion (right side in FIG. 1). It is inclined and arranged.
- the rear partition wall 72 is a partition wall (so-called bulkhead) that partitions the passenger compartment 74 on the rear side behind the driver seat 20 and the passenger seat 22. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the rear partition wall 72 includes an inclined portion 76 that is inclined so as to be positioned rearward as it goes upward.
- the battery box 16 is fixed to the rear partition wall 72 along the inclined portion 76 via the left side bracket 80a and the right side bracket 80b. Accordingly, the battery box 16 is disposed outside the vehicle compartment 74.
- the battery box 16 of the rear partition wall 72 is fixed to the reinforcing portions 78a and 78b whose rigidity is increased by being configured to have a substantially rectangular cross section.
- the lower reinforcing portion 78 a is formed on the inclined portion 76, but the upper reinforcing portion 78 b is not formed on the inclined portion 76.
- the reinforcing portion 78 b may be formed on the inclined portion 76.
- the term “along the inclined portion 76” here does not necessarily mean that the front surface of the battery box 16 is parallel to the inclined portion 76, and the front surface of the battery box 16 is vertical. Compared to the above, it means a shape that is easy to enter the front side below the inclined portion 76.
- the battery box 16 is fixed via a left upper bracket 82a, a right upper bracket 82b, and a rigid bracket 84. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, the upper left bracket 82a and the upper right bracket 82b have a bent shape, and are fixed to the front portion (around the center pillar 87) of the upper back panel 86 at one end thereof. The other end is fixed to the suspension damper housing 88 and the center thereof is fixed to the battery tray 52.
- the rigid bracket 84 is linear, and one end thereof is fixed to the upper left bracket 82a and the other end is fixed to the upper right bracket 82b.
- the rigidity between the suspension, the damper, and the housing 88 is reinforced by the rigid bracket 84, and as a result, the battery box 16 can be prevented from shaking.
- the battery box 16 can be attached from below the main frame 70. For this reason, an opening 89 for allowing the battery box 16 to pass therethrough is formed on the bottom surface side of the main frame 70. Further, an under cover (not shown) is disposed below the battery box 16 to protect the battery box 16 and the like from mud and water splashing from the road surface.
- the upper left bracket 82a, the upper right bracket 82b, and the rigid bracket 84 are shown only in FIG. 9, and are omitted in other drawings.
- the motor control unit 40 controls electric power exchanged between the motor 12 and the battery box 16, and includes an inverter 90 (FIG. 5) and an electronic control unit (not shown).
- a power cable (not shown) (so-called three-phase cable) (not shown) is disposed between the motor 12 and the motor control unit 40.
- FIGS. 2 and 4 the motor control unit 40 (inverter 90) is fixed to the left side of the second battery cover 56 behind the second battery cover 56. Thereby, the motor control part 40 (inverter 90) is comprised integrally with the battery box 16 (FIG. 4 etc.).
- the motor controller 40 is fixed to the second battery cover 56 by, for example, a bolt (not shown).
- the motor control part 40 (inverter 90) is arrange
- the battery control unit 42 controls electric power exchanged between the battery box 16 and an external power source (not shown), and includes a charger (not shown) and an electronic control device (not shown).
- the battery control unit 42 is fixed to the right side of the second battery cover 56 behind the second battery cover 56. Thereby, the battery control unit 42 is configured integrally with the battery box 16 and is disposed adjacent to the motor control unit 40 (FIG. 4 and the like).
- the battery controller 42 is fixed to the second battery cover 56 by, for example, a bolt (not shown).
- the battery control part 42 is arrange
- the lower end E1 of the battery box 16 (battery unit or cell assembly) is disposed below the hip point P1, so that the lower end E1 of the battery box 16 is
- the center of gravity of the electric vehicle 10 can be lowered as compared with the case where the electric vehicle 10 is disposed above the hip point P1. For this reason, it becomes possible to bring the center of gravity of the vehicle 10 closer to the hip point P1 in the vertical direction of the vehicle 10. Accordingly, it is possible to give the occupant a sense of unity with the vehicle 10 and a light operational feeling during travel. Further, if the hip point P1 can be lowered, the vehicle height can be lowered, and as a result, the air resistance can be reduced and the power consumption can be suppressed.
- the rear partition wall 72 includes the inclined portion 76 that is inclined so as to be positioned rearward of the vehicle 10 as it goes upward, and the battery box 16 is provided along the inclined portion 76. .
- the battery box 16 can be brought close to the driver's seat 20 and the passenger seat 22 (passenger seat) in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 10.
- the upper portion of the battery box 16 and the motor mounts 30a and 30b overlap in the vertical direction of the vehicle 10 (more specifically, the upper portion of the battery box 16 and the motor in plan view).
- the motor mounts 30a, 30b are arranged so that parts of the mounts 30a, 30b overlap.
- the motor mounts 30a, 30b and the motor 12 supported by the motor mounts 30a, 30b can be brought closer to the driver seat 20 and the passenger seat 22 (passenger seat).
- the dead space behind the rear partition 72 can be reduced. Therefore, the vehicle 10 can be made compact, or the cabin 74 can be enlarged by the amount of dead space to improve the comfort.
- the battery box 16 is disposed outside the passenger compartment 74, and a part of the battery box 16 is fixed to the rear partition wall 72 (FIGS. 4 and 9, etc.).
- the rigidity of the rear partition 72 (and the vehicle body) can be improved by utilizing the rigidity of the battery box 16 itself.
- the battery box 16 supplies electric power to the motor 12, and the motor 12, the battery box 16, and the inverter 90 are arranged in the same space (FIG. 4 and the like).
- the motor 12, the battery box 16, and the inverter 90 are usually all high-voltage devices, but it is possible to improve power efficiency by arranging these high-voltage devices close to each other.
- the inverter 90 is provided behind the battery box 16 and above the motor 12 (FIGS. 2, 4 and the like). Thereby, the motor 12, the battery box 16, and the inverter 90 can be accommodated in a compact manner.
- the battery box 16 is configured integrally with the motor control unit 40 (inverter 90) (FIG. 4 and the like). Thereby, it becomes possible to eliminate the need for the power cable connecting the battery box 16 and the inverter 90.
- the mounting direction of the second battery cover 56 is the same as the mounting direction of the motor control unit 40 (inverter 90) (see FIG. 4 and the like). As a result, it is possible to facilitate the installation of the inverter 90 and the wire connection work (not shown).
- the vehicle 10 is a two-seater type. However, if attention is paid to the positional relationship between the motor 12 (motor mounts 30a to 30c) and the battery box 16, or the positional relationship between the rear partition wall 72 and the battery box 16, Other types (the number of seats) of the vehicle 10 may be used.
- the vehicle 10 may be a 1-seater, a 3-seater, a 4-seater, or the like. In other words, the number of seats of the vehicle 10 may be 1 or 3 or more.
- the battery box 16 (battery unit) is mounted on the electric vehicle 10 which is an electric vehicle in a narrow sense.
- the present invention may be applied to another electric vehicle 10 (for example, a hybrid vehicle or a fuel cell vehicle using an engine (not shown) as a drive source in addition to the motor 12).
- motor 12 was a thing of a three-phase alternating current system, it is not restricted to this.
- the motor 12 is a brushless type, but may be a brush type.
- the motor 12 is used for driving the rear wheel 24r.
- the motor 12 is used from the viewpoint of inclining the battery box 16 (battery unit) and disposing any of the motor mounts 30a to 30c in the space below it.
- the motor 12 may be used for driving the front wheels 24f.
- the motor 12 does not necessarily have to be used for driving wheels, and may be a motor used in other devices (for example, an air compressor or an air conditioner mounted on the vehicle 10).
- the motor 12 can also be used for equipment such as industrial machines (for example, manufacturing apparatuses, machine tools, elevators), and home appliances (for example, washing machines, vacuum cleaners, air conditioners, refrigerators).
- Motor mount 30 In the above embodiment, the motor 12 is supported by the three motor mounts 30a to 30c. However, from the viewpoint of supporting the motor 12, the number of the motor mounts 30 is not limited to this.
- the front motor mounts 30a and 30b overlap with the upper part of the battery box 16 in plan view (FIGS. 1, 2 and 7, etc.).
- the battery box 16 (battery If the motor mounts 30a, 30b are arranged so that the upper part of the unit) and the motor mounts 30a, 30b overlap in the vertical direction (Z1, Z2 direction) of the vehicle 10, the front motor mounts 30a, 30b in plan view
- the upper part of the battery box 16 may not overlap.
- the front motor mounts 30a and 30b can be positioned beside the battery box 16 (in the vehicle width direction) in plan view.
- Power system 14 [4-1. Battery box 16 (battery unit, cell assembly)]
- the battery box 16 is used as a battery unit or a cell aggregate.
- other battery units can be used.
- a fuel cell stack can be used as the battery unit.
- the fuel cell stack can also be disposed at an inclination.
- the lower end E1 of the battery box 16 is disposed below the hip point P1 and the lower end E2 of the hip part.
- the lower end E1 of the battery box 16 is You may arrange
- the battery box 16 is disposed outside the rear partition wall 72 (FIGS. 1 and 4 and the like), but the battery box 16 (battery unit or cell aggregate) is disposed along the inclined portion 76 of the rear partition wall 72. From this point of view, as shown in FIG. 10, the battery box 16 may be disposed inside the rear partition wall 72a.
- the battery box 16 has the battery modules 50 arranged on both sides (the front side and the rear side of the vehicle 10) of the main surface of the battery tray 52 (FIG. 8 and the like). From the viewpoint of arrangement along the inclined portion 76 of the partition wall 72, the present invention is not limited to this.
- FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged side view showing a battery box 16a as a first modification of the battery box 16 (battery unit or cell assembly) of the above embodiment.
- a battery box 16a a plurality of battery modules 50 are stacked in a plurality of layers and are inclined. Since the battery box 16a is also disposed along the rear partition wall 72, the dead space behind the rear partition wall 72 can be reduced.
- the battery box 16 based on a rectangular parallelepiped shape is arranged to be inclined (FIG. 1 and the like), but from the viewpoint of arranging the battery unit along the inclined portion 76 of the rear partition wall 72. If so, it is not limited to such a configuration.
- a plurality of battery modules 50 may be stacked in a plurality of layers, and the front end portion may be shifted rearward as it goes to the upper layer.
- FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged side view showing a battery assembly 130 as a second modification of the battery box 16 (battery unit or cell assembly) of the embodiment.
- a battery assembly 130 a plurality of battery modules 50 are arranged in a staircase pattern. Since the battery assembly 130 is also arranged along the rear partition wall 72, the dead space behind the rear partition wall 72 can be reduced.
- each battery module 50 has shifted in steps, you may shift only a part.
- the lower two battery modules 50 in FIG. 12 may have the same position in the front-rear direction (X1, X2 direction).
- the battery box 16 is supported from above and from the side. That is, the battery box 16 was supported using the left side bracket 80a, the right side bracket 80b, the upper left bracket 82a, the upper right bracket 82b, and the rigid bracket 84 (FIGS. 4, 9, etc.).
- the battery box 16 can be supported only from above or from the side.
- support from other directions for example, downward can be added to the above directions or used instead of the above directions.
- the battery box 16 supplies power to the motor 12. However, if attention is paid to the positional relationship between the motor 12 (motor mounts 30a and 30b) and the battery box 16, the battery 12 is supplied to the motor 12. In addition, power may be supplied to components other than the motor 12. Alternatively, the battery box 16 may supply power only to components other than the motor 12 without supplying power to the motor 12.
- the motor control unit 40 and the battery control unit 42 including the inverter 90 are arranged outside the second battery cover 56.
- the motor control unit 40 and the battery control unit The arrangement of the part 42 is not limited to this.
- the battery control unit 42 (and the motor control unit 40) can be arranged on the upper side of the battery box 16a.
- the inverter 90 is provided behind the battery box 16 and above the motor 12 (FIGS. 2, 4, etc.), but the positional relationship between the motor 12 (motor mounts 30 a, 30 b) and the battery box 16. If attention is paid to the above, such a configuration is not necessarily required.
- the inverter 90 can be arranged above the battery box 16a.
- the motor control unit 40 (inverter 90) is configured integrally with the battery box 16 (battery unit) (that is, without a cable interposed therebetween), but the motor 12 (motor mount 30a). , 30b) and the battery box 16, the cable may be provided.
- the battery control unit 42 is configured integrally with the battery box 16 (battery unit) (that is, without a cable interposed therebetween). Also good.
- the motor 12, the battery box 16 (battery unit), the motor control unit 40 (inverter 90), and the battery control unit 42 are arranged in the same space (FIG. 4 etc.), but the motor 12 (motor mount 30a, If attention is paid to the positional relationship between the battery box 16 and 30b), such a configuration is not necessarily required.
- the motor control unit 40 (inverter 90) and the battery control unit 42 may be arranged in a space different from the motor 12 and the battery box 16 (battery unit).
- the mounting direction of the second battery cover 56 is the same as the mounting direction of the motor control unit 40 (inverter 90) and the battery control unit 42.
- the motor 12 (motor mounts 30a, 30b) and the battery box 16 are the same. If it pays attention to the positional relationship etc., such a configuration is not necessarily required.
- the battery box 16 is disposed along the inclined portion 76 of the rear partition wall 72, and the motor mounts 30 a and 30 b are disposed in a space generated behind the battery box 16.
- the motor 12 for driving the rear wheel 24r was supported by motor mounts 30a to 30c.
- the rear partition wall 72 is a part of the main frame 70, but may be configured separately from the main frame 70 from the viewpoint of the partition wall that partitions the vehicle compartment 74.
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Abstract
Description
1.全体的な構成の説明
[1-1.全体構成]
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る電動車両10(以下「車両10」ともいう。)を、その一部を省略して示す側面図である。図2は、電動車両10を、その一部を省略して示す平面図である。図3は、電動車両10を、その一部を省略して示す底面図である。図4は、電動車両10を、その一部を省略して示す部分拡大斜視図である。図5は、電動車両10を、その一部を省略して示す背面図である。車両10は、狭義の電気自動車(battery car)であり、モータ12と、バッテリボックス16(電池ユニット)を有する電力系14とを有する。後述するように、車両10は、モータ12を有するものであれば、電気自動車以外の電動車両であってもよい。
(1-2-1.モータ12の概要)
モータ12は、車両10の駆動力Fを生成するため駆動源であり、本実施形態では、後輪24rを駆動する。モータ12は、3相交流ブラシレス式であり、バッテリボックス16から供給される電力に基づいて車両10の駆動力Fを生成する。また、モータ12は、回生を行うことで生成した電力(回生電力Preg)[W]をバッテリボックス16に出力することでバッテリボックス16を充電する。回生電力Pregは、図示しない12ボルト系又は補機に対して出力してもよい。モータ12は、ギアボックスと一体化され、後輪24r用のシャフト26と同軸に配置されている。
図6は、モータ12及びその周辺を示す斜視図である。図7は、電動車両10を、その一部(バッテリボックス16を含む。)を省略して示す部分拡大平面図である。図1~図7に示すように、モータ12は、モータマウント30a~30c(以下「モータマウント30」と総称する。)を介してサブフレーム32に固定される。
(1-3-1.電力系14の概要)
電力系14は、モータ12に対して電力を供給すると共に、モータ12からの回生電力Pregを充電する。電力系14は、バッテリボックス16に加え、モータ制御部40と、バッテリ制御部42とを有する。
(1-3-1―1―1.バッテリボックス16の概要)
図8は、電動車両10を、その一部を省略して示す部分拡大側面図である。バッテリボックス16は、複数のバッテリモジュール50と、バッテリトレイ52と、第1バッテリカバー54と、第2バッテリカバー56とを有する。バッテリボックス16は、直方体状を基調としているが、図4等に示すように、モータ制御部40が配置される部位は、切り欠いてある。バッテリボックス16は、モータ12及びモータ制御部40(後述するインバータ90を含む。)と同一空間内に配置される。また、バッテリボックス16は、モータ制御部40と一体的に構成される(図4等)。
電池ユニットとしてのバッテリモジュール50は、複数のバッテリセルを含む蓄電装置(エネルギストレージ)であり、例えば、リチウムイオン2次電池、ニッケル水素2次電池又はキャパシタ等を利用することができる。本実施形態ではリチウムイオン2次電池を利用している。本実施形態のバッテリモジュール50は、略直方体状をしている。なお、バッテリモジュール50とモータ制御部40(インバータ90)との間に図示しないDC/DCコンバータを設け、バッテリモジュール50の出力電圧又はモータ12の出力電圧を昇圧又は降圧してもよい。
バッテリトレイ52は、バッテリモジュール50を支持する金属製又は樹脂製且つ板状の支持部材である。図8に示すように、各バッテリモジュール50は、ボルト58によりバッテリトレイ52に固定される。
第1バッテリカバー54及び第2バッテリカバー56は、バッテリモジュール50及びバッテリトレイ52を覆う樹脂製又は金属製の部材である。第1バッテリカバー54は、バッテリトレイ52の前側においてX2方向に向かってバッテリトレイ52に固定され、第2バッテリカバー56は、バッテリトレイ52の後ろ側においてX1方向に向かってバッテリトレイ52に固定される。バッテリトレイ52に対する第1バッテリカバー54及び第2バッテリカバー56の固定は、例えば、図示しないボルトで行われる。
図9は、バッテリボックス16を支持する構造を説明するための部分拡大平面図である。図1等に示すように、バッテリボックス16の下端E1は、乗員としての運転者60のヒップポイントP1よりも低い位置に配置される。ヒップポイントP1とは、乗員(運転者60を含む。)の臀部の中心(設計値)である。
(1-3-1-2-1.モータ制御部40の概要)
モータ制御部40は、モータ12とバッテリボックス16との間でやり取りされる電力を制御するものであり、インバータ90(図5)と図示しない電子制御装置を含む。モータ12とモータ制御部40との間には、図示しない電力ケーブル(いわゆる3相ケーブル)が配置される。
図2、図4等に示すように、モータ制御部40(インバータ90)は、第2バッテリカバー56の後方において第2バッテリカバー56の左側に固定されている。これにより、モータ制御部40(インバータ90)は、バッテリボックス16と一体的に構成される(図4等)。第2バッテリカバー56に対するモータ制御部40の固定は、例えば、図示しないボルト等により行う。また、図4等に示すように、モータ制御部40(インバータ90)は、モータ12及びバッテリボックス16と同一空間内に配置される。
(1-3-1-3-1.バッテリ制御部42の概要)
バッテリ制御部42は、バッテリボックス16と図示しない外部電源との間でやり取りされる電力を制御するものであり、図示しないチャージャと図示しない電子制御装置を含む。
図2、図4等に示すように、バッテリ制御部42は、第2バッテリカバー56の後方において第2バッテリカバー56の右側に固定されている。これにより、バッテリ制御部42は、バッテリボックス16と一体的に構成されると共に、モータ制御部40と隣り合って配置される(図4等)。第2バッテリカバー56に対するバッテリ制御部42の固定は、例えば、図示しないボルト等により行う。また、図4等に示すように、バッテリ制御部42は、モータ12、バッテリボックス16及びモータ制御部40(インバータ90)と同一空間内に配置される。
以上のように、本実施形態によれば、バッテリボックス16(電池ユニット又はセル集合体)の下端E1をヒップポイントP1より下方に配置することで、バッテリボックス16の下端E1をヒップポイントP1より上方に配置する場合と比較して、電動車両10の重心を下げることができる。このため、車両10の上下方向において車両10の重心をヒップポイントP1に近付けることが可能となる。従って、走行時における車両10との一体感及び軽快な操作感を乗員に与えることが可能となる。また、ヒップポイントP1を低くできれば、車高を下げることも可能となり、その結果、空気抵抗を減少させて、電力消費を抑制することが可能となる。
なお、本発明は、上記実施形態に限らず、この明細書の記載内容に基づき、種々の構成を採り得ることはもちろんである。例えば、以下の構成を採用することができる。
上記実施形態では、車両10は、2シータータイプであったが、モータ12(モータマウント30a~30c)とバッテリボックス16の位置関係又は後方隔壁72とバッテリボックス16の位置関係に着目すれば、それ以外のタイプ(座席数)の車両10であってもよい。例えば、車両10は、1シーター、3シーター、4シーター等であってもよい。換言すると、車両10の座席数は、1又は3以上であってもよい。
上記実施形態では、モータ12は3相交流方式のものであったが、これに限らない。上記実施形態では、モータ12をブラシレス式としたが、ブラシ式としてもよい。
上記実施形態では、3つのモータマウント30a~30cによってモータ12を支持したが、モータ12を支持する観点からすれば、モータマウント30の数は、これに限らない。
[4-1.バッテリボックス16(電池ユニット、セル集合体)]
上記実施形態では、電池ユニット又はセル集合体としてバッテリボックス16を用いたが、電力供給源として機能する観点からすれば、その他の電池ユニットを用いることもできる。例えば、電池ユニットとして、燃料電池スタックを用いることもできる。この場合、バッテリボックス16のように、燃料電池スタックを傾斜させて配置することもできる。
上記実施形態では、インバータ90を含むモータ制御部40及びバッテリ制御部42を、第2バッテリカバー56の外側に配置したが、バッテリボックス16の配置等に着目すれば、モータ制御部40及びバッテリ制御部42の配置はこれに限らない。例えば、図11のように、バッテリ制御部42(及びモータ制御部40)をバッテリボックス16aの上側に配置することもできる。
上記実施形態では、後方隔壁72の傾斜部76に沿ってバッテリボックス16を配置し、バッテリボックス16の後方に生じたスペースにモータマウント30a、30bを配置した。そして、後輪24rを駆動するモータ12をモータマウント30a~30cにより支持した。しかしながら、バッテリボックス16(電池ユニット)を傾斜させてその下のスペースにモータマウント30a~30cのいずれかを配置する観点からすれば、車両10の前側において同様の構成を用いることも可能である。
Claims (6)
- 電池ユニット(16)と、後輪(24r)を駆動するモータ(12)と、前記電池ユニット(16)の後方に設けられ、前記モータ(12)を固定するモータマウント(30a~30c)とを備える2シーターの電動車両(10)であって、
前記電動車両(10)は、さらに、乗員席(20、22)の背面より後ろ側において車室(74)を区画する後方隔壁(72)を備え、
前記後方隔壁(72)は、上方に行くに連れて前記電動車両(10)の後方に位置するように傾斜した傾斜部(76)を備え、
前記電池ユニット(16)の少なくとも一部は、前記後方隔壁(72)の傾斜部(76)に沿って設けられ、
前記電池ユニット(16)の下端は、乗員(60)のヒップポイントより下方に配置され、
車幅方向に見たとき、前記電池ユニット(16)の上部と前記モータマウント(30a~30c)の一部とが前記電動車両(10)の上下方向において重なるように前記モータマウント(30a~30c)が配置される
ことを特徴とする電動車両(10)。 - 請求項1記載の電動車両(10)において、
前記電池ユニット(16)は前記車室(74)外に配置され、
前記電池ユニット(16)の一部は、前記後方隔壁(72)に固定されている
ことを特徴とする電動車両(10)。 - 請求項1又は2記載の電動車両(10)において、
前記電池ユニット(16)は、前記モータ(12)に電力を供給し、
前記電池ユニット(16)と、前記モータ(12)と、前記電池ユニット(16)から前記モータ(12)への電力供給を制御するインバータ(90)とを同一空間内に配置する
ことを特徴とする電動車両(10)。 - 請求項3記載の電動車両(10)において、
前記インバータ(90)は、前記電池ユニット(16)の後方且つ前記モータ(12)の上方に設けられる
ことを特徴とする電動車両(10)。 - 請求項3又は4記載の電動車両(10)において、
前記電池ユニット(16)は、前記インバータ(90)と一体的に構成される
ことを特徴とする電動車両(10)。 - 請求項5記載の電動車両(10)において、
前記電池ユニット(16)のカバーの取付け方向は、前記インバータ(90)の取付け方向と同じである
ことを特徴とする電動車両(10)。
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CN201380055914.1A CN104755296B (zh) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-07-01 | 电动车辆 |
JP2014544345A JP5819009B2 (ja) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-07-01 | 電動車両 |
DE112013005203.2T DE112013005203T5 (de) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-07-01 | Elektrisches Fahrzeug |
US14/439,135 US9174520B2 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-07-01 | Electric vehicle |
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JP (1) | JP5819009B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104755296B (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2014069046A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN104755296B (zh) | 2017-04-05 |
US20150246606A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
US9174520B2 (en) | 2015-11-03 |
DE112013005203T5 (de) | 2015-08-27 |
JPWO2014069046A1 (ja) | 2016-09-08 |
CN104755296A (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
JP5819009B2 (ja) | 2015-11-18 |
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