WO2013065812A1 - ガスバリアフィルム及びその製造方法、ガスバリアフィルム積層体、電子デバイス用部材、並びに電子デバイス - Google Patents
ガスバリアフィルム及びその製造方法、ガスバリアフィルム積層体、電子デバイス用部材、並びに電子デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013065812A1 WO2013065812A1 PCT/JP2012/078439 JP2012078439W WO2013065812A1 WO 2013065812 A1 WO2013065812 A1 WO 2013065812A1 JP 2012078439 W JP2012078439 W JP 2012078439W WO 2013065812 A1 WO2013065812 A1 WO 2013065812A1
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- Prior art keywords
- gas barrier
- barrier film
- layer
- cured resin
- resin layer
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Images
Classifications
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Definitions
- the present invention provides a gas barrier film preferably used as a member for electronic devices such as a liquid crystal display and an electroluminescence (EL) display, a production method thereof, a gas barrier film laminate formed by laminating two or more of the gas barrier films, and the gas barrier film
- the present invention relates to an electronic device member comprising a gas barrier film laminate and an electronic device provided with the electronic device member.
- a transparent plastic film in place of a glass plate in a display such as a liquid crystal display or an electroluminescence (EL) display in order to realize a reduction in thickness, weight, and flexibility.
- a plastic film generally transmits water vapor, oxygen, and the like as compared with a glass plate, there is a problem that when a transparent plastic film is used as a display substrate, elements inside the display are easily deteriorated.
- a film having the property of suppressing the permeation of water vapor and oxygen hereinafter, this property is referred to as “gas barrier property”, and the film having gas barrier property is referred to as “gas barrier film”) is used as a display substrate. It has been proposed to use.
- Patent Document 1 describes a flexible display substrate in which a transparent gas barrier layer made of a metal oxide is laminated on the surface of a transparent plastic film by vapor deposition, ion plating, sputtering, or the like.
- Patent Document 2 describes a gas barrier film having a gas barrier layer formed by subjecting a polysilazane film to plasma treatment on at least one surface of a substrate.
- gas barrier films used as electronic device members, etc. in addition to excellent gas barrier properties, are excellent in heat resistance, solvent resistance, interlayer adhesion, There are increasing demands for excellent properties such as low birefringence and excellent optical isotropy.
- the conventional gas barrier film is not excellent in all these characteristics. Therefore, a gas barrier film and a gas barrier film laminate excellent in all these properties are desired.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and is excellent in heat resistance, solvent resistance, interlayer adhesion, and gas barrier properties, and has a low birefringence and excellent optical isotropy, and its production It is an object to provide a method, a gas barrier film laminate formed by laminating two or more gas barrier films, an electronic device member comprising the gas barrier film or the gas barrier film laminate, and an electronic device including the electronic device member. To do.
- the present inventors have intensively studied a gas barrier film having a gas barrier layer, and as a result, used a cured resin layer made of a cured product of a curable resin composition having a specific composition.
- a gas barrier film in which a gas barrier layer is formed on at least one side is excellent in all of heat resistance, solvent resistance, interlayer adhesion, and gas barrier properties, and is a gas barrier film having a low birefringence and excellent optical isotropy. I found out.
- this gas barrier film uses a solution casting method to form a curable resin layer made of a curable resin composition on a process sheet, and then cure the curable resin layer to form a cured resin layer.
- the gas barrier film has high gas barrier properties, low heat resistance, solvent resistance, interlayer adhesion and birefringence, and excellent optical isotropy.
- the present inventors have found that a gas barrier film laminate can be obtained and have completed the present invention.
- the following gas barrier films (1) to (11) are provided.
- the cured resin layer is a layer made of a cured product of a curable resin composition containing a thermoplastic resin (A) having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 140 ° C. or higher, and a curable monomer (B),
- Tg glass transition temperature
- B curable monomer
- thermoplastic resin (A) has an aromatic ring structure or an alicyclic structure.
- thermoplastic resin (A) is a thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of a polysulfone resin, a polyarylate resin, a polycarbonate resin, and an alicyclic hydrocarbon resin, according to (1). Gas barrier film.
- thermoplastic resin (A) and the curable monomer (B) in the curable resin composition are a mass ratio of the thermoplastic resin (A) and the curable monomer (B).
- thermoplastic resin (A): the curable monomer (B) 30: 70 to 90:10.
- cured resin layer is a layer having a gel fraction of 90% or more.
- the gas barrier film according to (1), wherein the gas barrier layer is a layer formed by implanting ions into a layer containing a silicon-containing polymer compound.
- the gas barrier film according to (8), wherein the silicon-containing polymer compound is polysilazane.
- the gas barrier film according to (1), wherein the gas barrier layer is a layer made of an inorganic film.
- Step 1 A curable resin layer comprising a curable resin composition containing a thermoplastic resin (A) having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 140 ° C. or higher and a curable monomer (B) on a process sheet.
- Step 2 forming Step of curing the curable resin layer obtained in Step 1 to form a cured resin layer
- Step 3 Step of forming a gas barrier layer on the cured resin layer obtained in Step 2
- the gas barrier film laminate according to the following (13) or (14) is provided.
- (13) A gas barrier film laminate in which two or more gas barrier films according to any one of (1) to (11) are laminated via a bonding layer.
- (14) The gas barrier film laminate according to (13), wherein each of the two or more gas barrier films has a cured resin layer having a thickness of 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the following electronic device member (15) or (16) is provided.
- An electronic device member comprising the gas barrier film according to any one of (1) to (11).
- An electronic device member comprising the gas barrier film laminate according to (13) or (14).
- the following electronic device 17.
- An electronic device comprising the electronic device member according to (15) or (16).
- the gas barrier film of the present invention is a gas barrier film that is excellent in all of heat resistance, solvent resistance, interlayer adhesion, and gas barrier properties, and has low birefringence and excellent optical isotropy.
- the gas barrier film of the present invention can be suitably used as a member for electronic devices such as solar cells, touch panels, electronic paper, and displays. According to the method for producing a gas barrier film of the present invention, the gas barrier film of the present invention can be efficiently produced.
- the production method of the present invention is particularly suitable for producing a gas barrier film having a very thin thickness.
- the gas barrier film laminate of the present invention has high gas barrier properties, low heat resistance, solvent resistance, interlayer adhesion, and low birefringence and excellent optical isotropy.
- the electronic device member of the present invention comprises a gas barrier film or a gas barrier film laminate that is excellent in all of heat resistance, solvent resistance, interlayer adhesion, and gas barrier properties, and has a low birefringence and excellent optical isotropy. Therefore, it can be suitably used for touch panels, electronic paper, organic / inorganic EL flexible displays, electronic devices such as solar cells, and the like.
- the present invention will be described in detail by dividing it into 1) a gas barrier film, 2) a method for producing a gas barrier film, 3) a gas barrier film laminate, and 4) an electronic device member and an electronic device.
- Gas barrier film of the present invention is a gas barrier film having a cured resin layer and a gas barrier layer on at least one side of the cured resin layer, and the cured resin layer has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 140 ° C. or higher.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the cured resin layer of the gas barrier film of the present invention is composed of a thermoplastic resin (A) having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 140 ° C. or higher, and a curable monomer (B). It consists of the hardened
- the cured resin layer may be a single layer or a plurality of layers may be laminated.
- the thermoplastic resin (A) used in the present invention is a thermoplastic resin having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 140 ° C. or higher, preferably 150 ° C. or higher.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) is tan ⁇ (loss elastic modulus / storage elastic modulus) obtained by viscoelasticity measurement (frequency 11 Hz, temperature measurement rate 0 ° C to 250 ° C and tensile mode in the range of 0 ° C to 250 ° C). ) Is the maximum point temperature.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the thermoplastic resin (A) is usually 100,000 to 3,000,000, preferably 200,000 to 2,000,000, more preferably 500,000 to 2,000,000. 000 range.
- the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) is preferably in the range of 1.0 to 5.0, more preferably 2.0 to 4.5.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) are values in terms of polystyrene measured by a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method.
- thermoplastic resin (A) an amorphous thermoplastic resin is preferable.
- an amorphous thermoplastic resin By using an amorphous thermoplastic resin, it becomes easy to obtain a gas barrier film excellent in transparency.
- the amorphous thermoplastic resin is easily dissolved in an organic solvent, a cured resin layer can be efficiently formed using a solution casting method, as will be described later.
- the amorphous thermoplastic resin refers to a thermoplastic resin whose melting point is not observed in differential scanning calorimetry.
- the thermoplastic resin (A) is preferably a thermoplastic resin having a ring structure such as an aromatic ring structure or an alicyclic structure from the viewpoint of heat resistance, and more preferably a thermoplastic resin having an aromatic ring structure.
- thermoplastic resin (A) examples include polysulfone resins, polyarylate resins, polycarbonate resins, and alicyclic hydrocarbon resins. Among these, a polysulfone resin is preferable from the viewpoint of heat resistance.
- the polysulfone resin is a polymer having a sulfone group (—SO 2 —) in the main chain.
- the polysulfone resin is not particularly limited, and known ones can be used.
- Examples of the polysulfone resin include polyethersulfone resin, polysulfone resin, polyphenylsulfone resin, and the like.
- the polysulfone resin used in the present invention may be a modified polysulfone resin.
- Specific examples of the polysulfone resin include resins made of a polymer compound having a repeating unit represented by the following (a) to (h).
- polysulfone resin polyethersulfone resin or polysulfone resin is preferable.
- the polyarylate resin is a resin made of a polymer compound obtained by a reaction between an aromatic diol and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid or a chloride thereof.
- the polyarylate resin is not particularly limited, and known ones can be used.
- aromatic diol examples include bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane [bisphenol F], bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, 1,1-bis (4′-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 1, 1-bis (3′-methyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 2,2-bis (4′-hydroxyphenyl) propane [bisphenol A], 2,2-bis (3′-methyl-4′-hydroxy) Bis (hydroxyphenyl) alkanes such as phenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4′-hydroxyphenyl) butane, 2,2-bis (4′-hydroxyphenyl) octane; 1,1-bis (4′- Hydroxyphenyl) cyclopentane, 1,1-bis (4′-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane [bisphenol Z], 1,1-bi Bis (hydroxyphenyl) cycloalkanes such as (4′-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane; bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cycl
- Hydroxyphenyl) sulfides bis Bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfoxides such as 4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfoxide and bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfoxide; bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone [bisphenol S], bis (3-methyl-4- Bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfones such as hydroxyphenyl) sulfone; bis (9,9-bis (4′-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene, bis (9′-methyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene, etc. Hydroxyphenyl) fluorenes; and the like.
- aromatic dicarboxylic acid or its chloride examples include phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, Terephthalic acid, 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, diphenoxyethanedicarboxylic acid, Examples thereof include diphenyl ether 4,4′-dicarboxylic acid, 4,4′-diphenylsulfone dicarboxylic acid, 1,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and chlorides thereof.
- the polyarylate resin used may be a modified polyarylate resin. Among these, as the polyarylate resin, a resin made of a polymer compound obtained by reaction of 2,2-bis (4′-hydroxyphenyl) propane and isophthalic acid is preferable.
- the polycarbonate resin is a polymer having a carbonate group (—O—C ( ⁇ O) —O—) in the main chain.
- the polycarbonate resin is not particularly limited, and known resins can be used.
- Examples of the polycarbonate resin include aromatic polycarbonate resins and aliphatic polycarbonate resins. Of these, aromatic polycarbonate resins are preferred because of excellent heat resistance, mechanical strength, transparency, and the like.
- aromatic polycarbonate resin a method of reacting an aromatic diol and a carbonate precursor by an interfacial polycondensation method or a melt transesterification method, a method of polymerizing a carbonate prepolymer by a solid phase transesterification method, a cyclic carbonate compound It can be obtained by a method of polymerizing by ring-opening polymerization.
- Examples of the aromatic diol include those exemplified in polyarylate resins.
- Examples of the carbonate precursor include carbonyl halide, carbonate ester, and haloformate. Specific examples include phosgene, diphenyl carbonate, dihaloformate of dihydric phenol, and the like.
- the alicyclic hydrocarbon-based resin is a polymer having a cyclic hydrocarbon group in the main chain.
- the alicyclic hydrocarbon-based resin is not particularly limited, and known ones can be used.
- Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon resins include monocyclic olefin polymers, norbornene polymers, cyclic conjugated diene polymers, vinyl alicyclic hydrocarbon polymers, and hydrides thereof. .
- Specific examples thereof include Apel (an ethylene-cycloolefin copolymer manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals), Arton (a norbornene polymer manufactured by JSR), Zeonoa (a norbornene polymer manufactured by Nippon Zeon), and the like.
- a thermoplastic resin (A) can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the curable monomer (B) is a monomer having a polymerizable unsaturated bond, and can be involved in a polymerization reaction, or a polymerization reaction and a crosslinking reaction.
- “curing” means a broad concept including “monomer polymerization reaction” or “monomer polymerization reaction and subsequent polymer crosslinking reaction”.
- the molecular weight of the curable monomer (B) is usually 3000 or less, preferably 200 to 2000, more preferably 200 to 1000.
- the number of polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the curable monomer (B) is not particularly limited.
- the curable monomer (B) may be a monofunctional monomer having one polymerizable unsaturated bond, or a polyfunctional monomer having a plurality of bifunctional or trifunctional monomers. There may be.
- Examples of the monofunctional monomer include monofunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivatives.
- the monofunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivative is not particularly limited, and a known compound can be used. Examples thereof include monofunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivatives having a nitrogen atom, monofunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivatives having an alicyclic structure, and monofunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivatives having a polyether structure. .
- Examples of the monofunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivative having a nitrogen atom include compounds represented by the following formula.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms
- R 2 and R 3 may combine to form a ring structure
- R 4 represents a divalent organic group.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms represented by R 1 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group, and a methyl group is preferable.
- Examples of the organic group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms represented by R 2 and R 3 include an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group; a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and the like.
- R 2 and R 3 may be combined to form a ring, and the ring may further have a nitrogen atom or an oxygen atom in the skeleton.
- Examples of the divalent organic group represented by R 4 include groups represented by — (CH 2 ) m — and —NH— (CH 2 ) m —.
- m is an integer of 1 to 10.
- (meth) acryloylmorpholine represented by the following formula is preferable.
- a cured resin layer having better heat resistance can be formed.
- Examples of the monofunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivative having an alicyclic structure include compounds represented by the following formula.
- R 1 represents the same meaning as described above, and R 5 is a group having an alicyclic structure.
- R 5 is a group having an alicyclic structure. Examples of the group having an alicyclic structure represented by R 5 include a cyclohexyl group, an isobornyl group, a 1-adamantyl group, a 2-adamantyl group, and a tricyclodecanyl group.
- monofunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivatives having an alicyclic structure include isobornyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, 1-adamantyl (meth) acrylate, 2-adamantyl (meth) acrylate and the like. Can be mentioned.
- a cured resin layer having more excellent optical properties can be formed.
- Examples of the monofunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivative having a polyether structure include compounds represented by the following formula.
- R 1 represents the same meaning as described above, and R 6 represents an organic group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the organic group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms represented by R 6 include alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group; and those having 3 to 12 carbon atoms such as a cyclohexyl group.
- monofunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivative having a polyether structure examples include ethoxylated o-phenylphenol (meth) acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, phenoxypolyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, and the like. .
- a cured resin layer having excellent toughness can be formed.
- polyfunctional monomer examples include polyfunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivatives. It does not specifically limit as a polyfunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivative, A well-known compound can be used. For example, bifunctional to hexafunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivatives can be mentioned. Examples of the bifunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivative include compounds represented by the following formula.
- R 1 represents the same meaning as described above, and R 7 represents a divalent organic group.
- R 7 represents a divalent organic group. Examples of the divalent organic group represented by R 7 include groups represented by the following formula.
- bifunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivative represented by the above formula examples include tricyclodecane dimethanol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propoxylated ethoxylated bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate , Ethoxylated bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, 1,10-decanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, 9,9-bis [4- (2-acryloyloxyethoxy) Phenyl] fluorene and the like.
- the divalent organic group represented by R 7 in the above formula has a tricyclodecane skeleton, such as tricyclodecane dimethanol di (meth) acrylate, propoxy An ethoxylated bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, an ethoxylated bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, or the like, wherein the divalent organic group represented by R 7 has a bisphenol skeleton, 9,9-bis
- the divalent organic group represented by R 7 has a 9,9-bisphenylfluorene skeleton, such as [4- (2-acryloyloxyethoxy) phenyl] fluorene.
- bifunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivatives include neopentyl glycol adipate di (meth) acrylate, hydroxypivalate neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, caprolactone-modified dicyclopentenyl di (meth) acrylate, Examples include ethylene oxide-modified phosphoric acid di (meth) acrylate, di (acryloxyethyl) isocyanurate, and allylated cyclohexyl di (meth) acrylate.
- Trifunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivatives include trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, propionic acid modified dipentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, propylene oxide modified trimethylolpropane tri (meth) ) Acrylate, tris (acryloxyethyl) isocyanurate and the like.
- Examples of the tetrafunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivative include pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate.
- pentafunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivatives include propionic acid-modified dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate.
- hexafunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivative examples include dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate and caprolactone-modified dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate.
- a curable monomer (B) can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types. Among these, the curable monomer (B) is preferably a polyfunctional monomer because a cured resin layer that is more excellent in heat resistance and solvent resistance can be obtained.
- the polyfunctional monomer a bifunctional (meth) acrylic acid derivative is preferable from the viewpoint that it can be easily mixed with the thermoplastic resin (A), and the curling of the cured product can be suppressed due to the difficulty of curing shrinkage of the polymer.
- the curable monomer (B) contains a polyfunctional monomer, the content thereof is preferably 40% by mass or more, and 50 to 100% by mass in the total amount of the curable monomer (B). More preferred.
- the curable resin composition used in the present invention is a thermoplastic resin (A), a curable monomer (B), and, if desired, a polymerization initiator and other components described later are mixed and dissolved in an appropriate solvent. It can be prepared by dispersing.
- the content of the thermoplastic resin (A) and the curable monomer (B) in the curable resin composition is preferably a mass ratio of the thermoplastic resin (A) and the curable monomer (B).
- Thermoplastic resin (A): curable monomer (B) 30: 70 to 90:10, more preferably 35:65 to 80:20.
- curable monomer (B) in curable resin composition is the said range, when obtaining a cured resin layer by the solution cast method etc., a solvent can be removed efficiently, for example. Therefore, the problem of curling due to the prolonged drying process is solved.
- a polymerization initiator can be contained as desired.
- the polymerization initiator can be used without particular limitation as long as it initiates the curing reaction, and examples thereof include a thermal polymerization initiator and a photopolymerization initiator.
- thermal polymerization initiator examples include organic peroxides and azo compounds.
- organic peroxides include dialkyl peroxides such as di-t-butyl peroxide, t-butylcumyl peroxide, and dicumyl peroxide; diacyl peroxides such as acetyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, and benzoyl peroxide ; Ketone peroxides such as methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone peroxide, methylcyclohexanone peroxide; peroxyketals such as 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy) cyclohexane; T-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl hydroperoxide, p-menthane hydroperoxide, diisopropyl Hydroperoxides such as benz
- Photopolymerization initiators include 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-one, 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one 1- [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -phenyl] -2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propan-1-one, 2-hydroxy-1- [4- [4- (2-hydroxy-2 -Methyl-propionyl) -benzyl] phenyl] -2-methyl-propan-1-one, 2-methyl-1- (4-methylthiophenyl) -2-morpholinopropan-1-one, 2-benzyl-2-dimethyl Amino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butanone-1,2- (dimethylamino) -2-[(4-methylphenyl) methyl] -1- [4- (4-morpholin (L) Phenyl] -1-butanone and other alkylphenone photopolymer
- thermoplastic resin (A) is a thermoplastic resin having an aromatic ring
- the thermoplastic resin (A) may absorb ultraviolet rays, so that a curing reaction may hardly occur.
- thermoplastic resin (A) the curing reaction can be efficiently advanced using light having a wavelength that is not absorbed by the thermoplastic resin (A).
- a polymerization initiator can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the content of the polymerization initiator is preferably 0.05 to 15% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 10% by mass, and still more preferably 0.05 to 5% by mass with respect to the entire curable resin composition.
- the curable resin composition includes photopolymerization such as triisopropanolamine or 4,4′-diethylaminobenzophenone.
- An initiation aid may be included.
- the solvent used for the preparation of the curable resin composition is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as n-hexane and n-heptane; aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene; dichloromethane Halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as ethylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, monochlorobenzene; alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether; acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, 2 -Ketone solvents such as pentanone, isophorone and cyclohexanone; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; cellosolv solvents such as ethyl cellosolve; ether solvents such as 1,3-dioxolane;
- the content of the solvent in the curable resin composition is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.1 to 1000 g, preferably 1 to 100 g with respect to 1 g of the thermoplastic resin (A).
- the viscosity of the curable resin composition can be adjusted to an appropriate value.
- the curable resin composition may further contain known additives such as a plasticizer, an antioxidant, and an ultraviolet absorber within a range not impairing the object and effect of the present invention.
- the method for curing the curable resin composition can be appropriately determined according to the type of polymerization initiator and curable monomer used. Details will be described in the section of the method for producing a gas burr film of the present invention described later.
- the thickness of the cured resin layer of the gas barrier film of the present invention is not particularly limited and may be determined according to the purpose of the gas barrier film.
- the thickness of the cured resin layer is usually 0.5 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably 1 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 200 ⁇ m, still more preferably 3 to 100 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the cured resin layer has excellent heat resistance.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the cured resin layer is usually 140 ° C. or higher, preferably 150 ° C. or higher. When the glass transition temperature is 140 ° C. or higher, a gas barrier film having excellent heat resistance can be obtained.
- the cured resin layer is excellent in solvent resistance. Since it is excellent in solvent resistance, for example, even when an organic solvent is used when forming another layer on the surface of the cured resin layer, the surface of the cured resin layer is hardly dissolved. Therefore, for example, even when the gas barrier layer is formed on the surface of the cured resin layer using a resin solution containing an organic solvent, the components of the cured resin layer are not easily mixed into the gas barrier layer, so that the gas barrier property is not easily lowered. .
- the gel fraction of the cured resin layer is preferably 90% or more, and more preferably 94% or more. Since the cured resin layer having a gel fraction of 90% or more has excellent solvent resistance, the cured resin layer can be used even when an organic solvent is used to form another layer on the surface of the cured resin layer by coating. It is possible to obtain a gas barrier film in which the layer surface is hardly dissolved and the solvent resistance is excellent.
- the gel fraction means that a cured resin layer cut to 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm is wrapped with a 150 mm ⁇ 150 mm nylon mesh (# 120) whose mass has been measured in advance, immersed in toluene (100 mL) for 3 days, and taken out.
- the sample is dried at 120 ° C. for 1 hour, then left to stand for 3 hours under conditions of 23 ° C. and 50% relative humidity, and then the mass is measured, and the following formula is obtained.
- the cured resin layer of the gas barrier film of the present invention has excellent interlayer adhesion with the gas barrier layer. That is, a gas barrier layer can be formed without providing an anchor coat layer on the cured resin layer.
- the cured resin layer of the gas barrier film of the present invention is preferably colorless and transparent. Since the cured resin layer is colorless and transparent, the gas barrier film of the present invention can be preferably used for optical applications.
- the cured resin layer of the gas barrier film of the present invention has a low birefringence and excellent optical isotropy.
- the in-plane retardation of the cured resin layer is usually 20 nm or less, preferably 15 nm or less.
- the retardation in the thickness direction is usually ⁇ 500 nm or less, preferably ⁇ 450 nm or less.
- the value obtained by dividing the in-plane retardation by the thickness of the cured resin layer (birefringence) is usually 100 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 or less, preferably 20 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 or less.
- the in-plane retardation, thickness direction retardation, and birefringence of the cured resin layer are within the above ranges, a gas barrier film having a low birefringence and excellent optical isotropy can be obtained, and the gas barrier film of the present invention. Can be preferably used for optical applications.
- the curable resin layer of the gas barrier film of the present invention is excellent in heat resistance, solvent resistance, interlayer adhesion, and transparency, and has a low birefringence rate and excellent optical isotropy. Therefore, as will be described later, on the cured resin layer having such characteristics, for example, by forming a gas barrier layer by a solution casting method, it is excellent in heat resistance, solvent resistance, interlayer adhesion, and transparency. A gas barrier film having a low birefringence ratio and excellent optical isotropy can be obtained.
- gas barrier layer of the gas barrier film of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has gas barrier properties.
- examples thereof include a gas barrier layer made of an inorganic film, a gas barrier layer containing a gas barrier resin, and a gas barrier layer obtained by implanting ions into a layer containing a polymer compound.
- the gas barrier layer is preferably a gas barrier layer made of an inorganic film and a gas barrier layer obtained by implanting ions into a layer containing a polymer compound.
- the inorganic film is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an inorganic vapor deposition film.
- the inorganic vapor deposition film include vapor deposition films of inorganic compounds and metals.
- the raw material for the vapor deposition film of the inorganic compound include inorganic oxides such as silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide and tin oxide; inorganic nitrides such as silicon nitride, aluminum nitride and titanium nitride; inorganic carbides; Examples thereof include inorganic sulfides; inorganic oxynitrides such as silicon oxynitride; inorganic oxide carbides; inorganic nitride carbides; inorganic oxynitride carbides and the like.
- Examples of the raw material for the metal vapor deposition film include aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and tin. These can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- an inorganic vapor-deposited film using an inorganic oxide, inorganic nitride or metal as a raw material is preferable from the viewpoint of gas barrier properties, and further, an inorganic material using an inorganic oxide or inorganic nitride as a raw material from the viewpoint of transparency.
- a vapor deposition film is preferred.
- the inorganic vapor deposition film may be a single layer or a multilayer.
- the thickness of the inorganic vapor deposition film is preferably in the range of 10 to 2000 nm, more preferably 20 to 1000 nm, more preferably 30 to 500 nm, and still more preferably 40 to 200 nm, from the viewpoints of gas barrier properties and handling properties.
- a PVD (physical vapor deposition) method such as a vacuum vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, or an ion plating method, a thermal CVD (chemical vapor deposition) method, a plasma CVD method, a photo CVD method, etc.
- the CVD method is mentioned.
- the gas barrier resin used includes polyvinyl alcohol or a partially saponified product thereof, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, etc. Resins that are difficult to permeate oxygen and the like.
- the thickness of the gas barrier layer containing the gas barrier resin is preferably in the range of 10 to 2000 nm, more preferably 20 to 1000 nm, more preferably 30 to 500 nm, and still more preferably 40 to 200 nm from the viewpoint of gas barrier properties.
- Examples of a method for forming a gas barrier layer containing a gas barrier resin include a method in which a solution containing a gas barrier resin is applied onto a cured resin layer, and the obtained coating film is appropriately dried.
- the polymer compound used is a silicon-containing polymer compound, polyimide, polyamide, polyamideimide, examples include polyphenylene ether, polyether ketone, polyether ether ketone, polyolefin, polyester, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, acrylic resin, cycloolefin polymer, and aromatic polymer. These polymer compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polymer compound is preferably a silicon-containing polymer compound.
- the silicon-containing polymer compound include polysilazane compounds (Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 63-16325, 62-195024, 63-81122, 1-138108, 2-2-1). No. 84437, JP-A-2-175726, JP-A-4-63833, JP-A-5-238827, JP-A-5-345826, JP-A-2005-36089, JP-A-6-122852. JP, 299-118118, JP-A-6-306329, JP-A-9-31333, JP-A-10-245436, JP 2003-514822, International Publication WO 2011/107018, etc.
- a polysilazane compound is preferable from the viewpoint of forming a gas barrier layer having excellent gas barrier properties.
- the polysilazane compound include inorganic polysilazane and organic polysilazane.
- examples of the inorganic polysilazane include perhydropolysilazane, and examples of the organic polysilazane include compounds in which part or all of hydrogen in the perhydropolysilazane is substituted with an organic group such as an alkyl group.
- inorganic polysilazane is more preferable from the viewpoint of easy availability and the ability to form a gas barrier layer having excellent gas barrier properties.
- the polysilazane compound a commercially available product as a glass coating material or the like can be used as it is. Polysilazane compounds can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the polymer layer may contain other components in addition to the above-described polymer compound as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- other components include curing agents, other polymers, anti-aging agents, light stabilizers, and flame retardants.
- the content of the polymer compound in the polymer layer is preferably 50% by mass or more and more preferably 70% by mass or more from the viewpoint of forming a gas barrier layer having excellent gas barrier properties.
- a solution for forming a layer containing at least one polymer compound, optionally other components, a solvent, etc. is used as a cured resin layer or optionally a cured resin layer.
- coating on the primer layer formed on the top and forming the coating film obtained by drying suitably is mentioned.
- a known apparatus such as a spin coater, a knife coater, or a gravure coater can be used.
- the coating film In order to dry the obtained coating film or improve the gas barrier properties of the gas barrier film, it is preferable to heat the coating film.
- the heating and drying methods conventionally known drying methods such as hot air drying, hot roll drying, and infrared irradiation can be employed.
- the heating temperature is usually 80 to 150 ° C.
- the heating time is usually several tens of seconds to several tens of minutes.
- the thickness of the polymer layer is usually 20 to 1000 nm, preferably 30 to 500 nm, more preferably 40 to 200 nm. In the present invention, even if the thickness of the polymer layer is nano-order, a film having sufficient gas barrier performance can be obtained by implanting ions as will be described later.
- the amount of ions implanted into the polymer layer may be appropriately determined according to the purpose of use of the film to be formed (necessary gas barrier properties, transparency, etc.).
- ions to be implanted ions of rare gases such as argon, helium, neon, krypton, and xenon; ions such as fluorocarbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, chlorine, fluorine, and sulfur; Ions of alkane gases such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane and hexane; ions of alkene gases such as ethylene, propylene, butene and pentene; ions of alkadiene gases such as pentadiene and butadiene; acetylene, Ions of alkyne gases such as methylacetylene; ions of aromatic hydrocarbon gases such as benzene, toluene, xylene, indene, naphthalene and phenanthrene; ions of cycloalkane gases such as cyclopropane and cyclohexane; cyclopentene, Ions of cycloalkene gases
- organosilicon compound examples include tetraalkoxysilanes such as tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetra n-propoxysilane, tetraisopropoxysilane, tetra n-butoxysilane, and tetra t-butoxysilane;
- An alkylalkoxysilane having an unsubstituted or substituted group such as dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, diethyldimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) trimethoxysilane;
- Arylalkoxysilanes such as diphenyldimethoxysilane and phenyltriethoxysilane;
- Disiloxanes such as hexamethyldisiloxane (H
- One kind of ion is preferred.
- the method of implanting ions is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of irradiating ions accelerated by an electric field (ion beam), a method of implanting ions in plasma, and the like. Among them, in the present invention, the latter method of implanting plasma ions is preferable because a gas barrier film can be easily obtained.
- ( ⁇ ) a method in which ions existing in a plasma generated using an external electric field are injected into the polymer layer, or ( ⁇ ) an ion is applied to the layer without using an external electric field.
- a method of injecting ions present in plasma generated only by an electric field by a negative high voltage pulse into the polymer layer is preferable.
- the pressure during ion implantation (pressure during plasma ion implantation) is 0.01 to 1 Pa.
- the pressure during plasma ion implantation is in such a range, ions can be implanted easily and efficiently uniformly, and the target gas barrier layer can be efficiently formed.
- the processing operation is simple, and the processing time can be greatly shortened.
- the entire layer can be uniformly processed, and ions in plasma can be continuously injected into the polymer layer with high energy when a negative high voltage pulse is applied.
- RF radio frequency
- a high frequency power source such as a microwave
- the pulse width when applying a negative high voltage pulse is preferably 1 to 15 ⁇ sec.
- the pulse width is in such a range, ions can be implanted more easily and efficiently and uniformly.
- the applied voltage when generating plasma is preferably -1 to -50 kV, more preferably -1 to -30 kV, and particularly preferably -5 to -20 kV. If ion implantation is performed at an applied voltage greater than ⁇ 1 kV, the ion implantation amount (dose amount) becomes insufficient, and desired performance cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if ion implantation is performed at a value smaller than ⁇ 50 kV, the film is charged at the time of ion implantation, and problems such as coloring of the film occur, which is not preferable.
- Examples of the ion species to be plasma ion implanted include those exemplified as the ions to be implanted.
- a plasma ion implantation apparatus When ions in plasma are implanted into the polymer layer, a plasma ion implantation apparatus is used. Specifically, as a plasma ion implantation apparatus, (i) a high-frequency power is superimposed on a feedthrough that applies a negative high voltage pulse to a polymer layer (hereinafter, also referred to as an “ion implantation layer”). (Ii) An antenna is provided in the chamber, and a high-frequency power is provided by uniformly enclosing the periphery of the layer to be ion-implanted with plasma and attracting, injecting, colliding and depositing ions in the plasma (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-26887).
- a plasma ion implantation apparatus that generates plasma using an external electric field such as a high-frequency power source such as a microwave, and attracts and injects ions in the plasma by applying a high voltage pulse; And a plasma ion implantation apparatus that implants ions in plasma generated only by an electric field generated by applying a high voltage pulse without using an external electric field.
- an external electric field such as a high-frequency power source such as a microwave
- the plasma ion implantation apparatus of (iii) or (iv) because the processing operation is simple, the processing time can be greatly shortened, and it is suitable for continuous use.
- Examples of the method using the plasma ion implantation apparatus (iii) and (iv) include those described in International Publication No. WO2010 / 021326.
- the plasma generating means for generating plasma is also used by the high voltage pulse power supply, other special means such as a high frequency power source such as RF and microwave are used.
- the plasma is generated simply by applying a negative high voltage pulse, and ions in the plasma are continuously implanted into the polymer layer, and the surface portion has a portion modified by ion implantation.
- a gas barrier film having a molecular layer, that is, a gas barrier layer can be mass-produced.
- the thickness of the portion into which ions are implanted can be controlled by implantation conditions such as the type of ion, applied voltage, treatment time, etc., and may be determined according to the thickness of the polymer layer, the purpose of use of the gas barrier film, etc. Usually, it is 5 to 1000 nm.
- the ion implantation can be confirmed by performing an elemental analysis measurement in the vicinity of 10 nm from the surface of the polymer layer using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
- XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- the gas barrier layer has gas barrier properties since the water vapor permeability of the gas barrier layer is small.
- the water vapor permeability of the gas barrier layer in an atmosphere of 40 ° C. and 90% relative humidity is usually 1 g / m 2 / day or less, preferably 0.8 g / m 2 / day or less, more preferably 0.5 g. / M 2 / day or less, more preferably 0.1 g / m 2 / day or less.
- the water vapor transmission rate can be measured by a known method.
- the gas barrier film of the present invention has the cured resin layer and a gas barrier layer on at least one surface of the cured resin layer.
- the gas barrier film of the present invention may have one each of the cured resin layer and the gas barrier layer, or may have two or more of the cured resin layer and / or the gas barrier layer.
- a gas barrier film (10) shown in FIG. 1 (a) has a gas barrier layer (2) on one side of a cured resin layer (1).
- the gas barrier film (20) shown in FIG. 1 (b) has a gas barrier layer (2 ′) and a gas barrier layer (2 ′′) on both sides of the cured resin layer (1).
- the gas barrier film of the present invention is not limited to those shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and (b), and further contains one or more other layers within a range not impairing the object of the present invention. May be. Examples of other layers include a conductor layer, a shock absorbing layer, an adhesive layer, a bonding layer, and a process sheet. Moreover, the arrangement position of another layer is not specifically limited.
- Examples of the material constituting the conductor layer include metals, alloys, metal oxides, electrically conductive compounds, and mixtures thereof. Specifically, tin oxide doped with antimony (ATO); tin oxide doped with fluorine (FTO); zinc oxide doped with tin oxide and germanium (GZO), zinc oxide, indium oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO) , Semiconductive metal oxides such as zinc indium oxide (IZO); metals such as gold, silver, chromium and nickel; mixtures of these metals and conductive metal oxides; inorganic conductivity such as copper iodide and copper sulfide Substances: Organic conductive materials such as polyaniline, polythiophene, polypyrrole, etc.
- the method for forming the conductor layer There is no particular limitation on the method for forming the conductor layer.
- vapor deposition, sputtering, ion plating, thermal CVD, plasma CVD, and the like can be given.
- the thickness of a conductor layer is usually 10 nm to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 20 nm to 20 ⁇ m.
- the impact absorbing layer is for protecting the gas barrier layer when an impact is applied to the gas barrier layer.
- a raw material which forms a shock absorption layer For example, acrylic resin, urethane type resin, silicone type resin, olefin type resin, rubber-type material etc. are mentioned.
- the method for forming the shock absorbing layer is not particularly limited.
- a material for forming the shock absorbing layer and, if desired, a shock absorbing layer forming solution containing other components such as a solvent may be formed on the layer to be laminated.
- coating and drying the obtained coating film and forming by heating etc. as needed is mentioned.
- a shock absorbing layer may be separately formed on the release substrate, and the obtained film may be transferred and stacked on the layer to be stacked.
- the thickness of the shock absorbing layer is usually 1 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the adhesive layer is a layer used when the gas barrier film of the present invention is attached to an adherend.
- the material for forming the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and known adhesives or pressure-sensitive adhesives such as acrylic, silicone, and rubber, heat seal materials, and the like can also be used.
- the bonding layer is a layer used when a gas barrier film laminate is produced by laminating a plurality of gas barrier films of the present invention, as will be described later. Details of the bonding layer will be described in the section of the gas barrier film laminate.
- the process sheet has a role of protecting the cured resin layer, the gas barrier layer, and the other layers described above when the gas barrier film is stored and transported, and is peeled off in a predetermined process.
- the gas barrier film When the gas barrier film has a process sheet, the gas barrier film may have a process sheet on one side, or may have a process sheet on both sides. In the latter case, it is preferable to use two types of process sheets to make the process sheet to be peeled first easier to peel.
- the process sheet is preferably a sheet or film.
- the sheet form or the film form is not limited to a long one but also includes a short flat plate.
- paper base materials such as glassine paper, coated paper, high-quality paper; laminated paper obtained by laminating a thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene on these paper base materials; cellulose, starch, polyvinyl on the paper base material Examples thereof include those subjected to sealing treatment with alcohol, acrylic-styrene resin, etc .; or polyester films such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, etc .; plastic films such as polyolefin films such as polyethylene and polypropylene; and glass.
- the release layer can be formed using a conventionally known release agent such as a silicone release agent, a fluorine release agent, an alkyd release agent, or an olefin release agent.
- the thickness of the release agent layer is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.02 to 2.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.05 to 1.5 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the process sheet is preferably 1 to 500 ⁇ m and more preferably 5 to 300 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of ease of handling.
- the surface roughness Ra (arithmetic mean roughness) of the process sheet is preferably 10.0 nm or less, and more preferably 8.0 nm or less. Further, the surface roughness Rt (maximum cross-sectional height) is preferably 100 nm or less, and more preferably 50 nm or less. When the surface roughness Ra and Rt exceed 10.0 nm and 100 nm, respectively, the surface roughness of the layer in contact with the process sheet increases, and the gas barrier property of the gas barrier film may be deteriorated.
- the surface roughness Ra and Rt are values obtained by the optical interference method with a measurement area of 100 ⁇ m ⁇ 100 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the gas barrier film of the present invention can be appropriately determined depending on the intended use of the electronic device.
- the substantial thickness of the gas barrier film of the present invention is preferably 1 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 200 ⁇ m, and more preferably 3 to 100 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of handleability.
- the “substantial thickness” means the thickness in use. That is, the gas barrier film of the present invention may have a process sheet or the like, but the thickness of a portion (process sheet or the like) removed during use is not included in the “substantial thickness”.
- the gas barrier film of the present invention has the above-described cured resin layer and gas barrier layer, it is excellent in heat resistance, solvent resistance, interlayer adhesion and gas barrier properties, and has a low birefringence and excellent optical isotropy.
- the water vapor permeability of the gas barrier film of the present invention in an atmosphere of 40 ° C. and 90% relative humidity is usually 1 g / m 2 / day or less, preferably 0.8 g / m 2 / day or less, more preferably 0.8. 5 g / m 2 / day or less, more preferably 0.1 g / m 2 / day or less.
- Method for producing gas barrier film is not particularly limited. Among these, from the viewpoint of efficiently and easily producing a gas barrier film, a method of producing using a process sheet is preferred, and a method having the following steps 1 to 3 is more preferred.
- Step 1 A curable resin layer comprising a curable resin composition containing a thermoplastic resin (A) having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 140 ° C. or higher and a curable monomer (B) on a process sheet.
- Step 2 forming Step of curing the curable resin layer obtained in Step 1 to form a cured resin layer
- Step 3 Step of forming a gas barrier layer on the cured resin layer obtained in Step 2
- Examples of the process sheet and curable resin composition to be used include the same as those described above.
- the method for coating the curable resin composition on the process sheet is not particularly limited, and spin coating, spray coating, bar coating, knife coating, roll coating, blade coating, die coating, gravure coating A known coating method such as a method can be used.
- the method for drying the obtained coating film is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known drying method such as hot air drying, hot roll drying, infrared irradiation or the like can be used.
- the curable resin composition used in the present invention contains a thermoplastic resin (A) having a very high glass transition temperature (Tg), but contains a curable monomer (B).
- Tg glass transition temperature
- B curable monomer
- the drying temperature of the coating film is usually 30 to 150 ° C., preferably 50 to 100 ° C.
- the thickness of the dried coating film (curable resin layer) is not particularly limited, and is usually 0.5 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably 1 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the curable resin layer is usually 0.5 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably 2 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 300 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the curable resin layer obtained in step 1 is cured to form a cured resin layer.
- curing curable resin layer A well-known method is employable.
- the curable resin layer can be cured by heating the curable resin layer. .
- the heating temperature is usually 30 to 150 ° C, preferably 50 to 100 ° C.
- the curable resin layer is formed using a curable resin composition containing a photopolymerization initiator
- the curable resin layer is cured by irradiating the curable resin layer with active energy rays.
- the active energy ray can be irradiated using a high-pressure mercury lamp, an electrodeless lamp, a xenon lamp, or the like.
- the wavelength of the active energy ray is preferably 200 to 400 nm, and more preferably 350 to 400 nm.
- Irradiation dose is usually illuminance 50 ⁇ 1000mW / cm 2, light amount 50 ⁇ 5000mJ / cm 2, preferably in the range of 1000 ⁇ 5000mJ / cm 2.
- the irradiation time is usually 0.1 to 1000 seconds, preferably 1 to 500 seconds, and more preferably 10 to 100 seconds. In order to satisfy the above-mentioned light quantity in consideration of the heat load of the light irradiation process, irradiation may be performed a plurality of times.
- the active energy rays are cured through a filter that absorbs light having a wavelength unnecessary for the curing reaction.
- the photosensitive resin composition may be irradiated. According to this method, since the filter absorbs light having a wavelength that is unnecessary for the curing reaction and degrades the thermoplastic resin (A), the deterioration of the thermoplastic resin (A) is suppressed, and the colorless and transparent curing is achieved. A resin layer is easily obtained.
- a resin film such as a polyethylene terephthalate film can be used.
- a resin film When using a resin film, it is preferable to provide the process of laminating
- stacking resin films such as a polyethylene terephthalate film
- the resin film is usually peeled off after step 2.
- the curable resin layer can be cured by irradiating the curable resin layer with an electron beam.
- the curable resin layer can usually be cured without using a photopolymerization initiator.
- an electron beam accelerator etc. can be used.
- the irradiation dose is usually in the range of 10 to 1000 krad.
- the irradiation time is usually 0.1 to 1000 seconds, preferably 1 to 500 seconds, and more preferably 10 to 100 seconds.
- a gas barrier layer is formed on the cured resin layer obtained in step 2.
- the method described above can be appropriately employed.
- the gas barrier layer is a layer obtained by implanting ions into a layer containing a silicon-containing polymer compound, a step of forming a layer containing a silicon-containing polymer compound on the cured resin layer;
- a gas barrier layer can be formed by a step of implanting ions into the layer containing the molecular compound.
- a method for forming a layer containing a silicon-containing polymer compound or a method for implanting ions those described above can be employed.
- the long film in which a layer containing a silicon-containing polymer compound is formed on the cured resin layer obtained in Step 2 is conveyed in a certain direction while the silicon It is preferable to produce a gas barrier film by implanting ions into the layer containing the containing polymer compound. According to this manufacturing method, for example, a long gas barrier film can be continuously manufactured.
- the process sheet is usually peeled off in a predetermined process depending on the use of the gas barrier film.
- another layer or the like may be formed after step 3, and then the process sheet may be peeled off, or the process sheet may be peeled off after step 3. Further, the process sheet may be peeled between the process 2 and the process 3.
- the manufacturing method having the steps 1 to 3 uses a process sheet to form a curable resin layer.
- the gas barrier film obtained by this method may include a process sheet. It may be good or not. According to the method for producing a gas barrier film of the present invention, the gas barrier film of the present invention can be produced efficiently, continuously and easily.
- Gas barrier film laminate of the present invention is obtained by laminating two or more gas barrier films of the present invention via a bonding layer.
- the gas barrier film which comprises the gas barrier film laminated body of this invention will not be specifically limited if it is the gas barrier film of this invention.
- the thickness of the cured resin layer of the gas barrier film used for production of the gas barrier film laminate is preferably 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m, and more preferably 1 to 5 ⁇ m. When the thickness of the cured resin layer is within the above range, a gas barrier film laminate having excellent gas barrier properties and a small thickness can be obtained.
- the joining layer which comprises a gas barrier film laminated body is a layer for joining gas barrier films and maintaining the laminated structure of a gas barrier film laminated body.
- the bonding layer may be a single layer or a plurality of layers.
- As a joining layer what consists of a layer of the single layer structure formed using the adhesive agent and what formed the layer formed using the adhesive agent on both surfaces of a support layer are mentioned.
- the material used when forming the bonding layer is not particularly limited as long as the gas barrier films can be bonded to each other and the laminated structure of the gas barrier film laminate can be maintained, and a known adhesive can be used. From the point that the gas barrier films can be joined together, an adhesive is preferred.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive used for the bonding layer include acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives, urethane-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesives, and rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesives. Among these, acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives and urethane-based pressure-sensitive adhesives are preferable from the viewpoints of adhesive strength, transparency, and handleability. Moreover, the adhesive which can form the crosslinked structure which is mentioned later is preferable.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive may be in any form such as a solvent-type pressure-sensitive adhesive, an emulsion-type pressure-sensitive adhesive, or a hot-melt type pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is a pressure-sensitive adhesive mainly composed of an acrylic copolymer.
- the acrylic copolymer is a copolymer having a repeating unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid or (meth) acrylic acid ester.
- (meth) acryl means both acrylic and methacrylic.
- the acrylic copolymer may have a repeating unit other than the above.
- Acrylic copolymers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the acrylic copolymer includes an acrylic monomer having a functional group capable of forming a crosslinked structure (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “functional group”), an acrylic monomer having no functional group, And other monomers copolymerizable with these monomers are preferred.
- An acrylic monomer having a functional group contributes to the formation of a crosslinked structure, while an acrylic monomer having no functional group can contribute to an improvement in adhesiveness.
- the functional group of the acrylic monomer having a functional group include a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, and an amide group, depending on the type of the crosslinking agent used.
- the acrylic monomer having no functional group is preferably one having a hydrocarbon group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms because it can form a bonding layer having excellent adhesiveness.
- acrylic monomer having a functional group examples include acrylic monomers having a carboxyl group such as (meth) acrylic acid and 2-carboxyethyl (meth) acrylate; 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, ( Such as 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, etc. And acrylic monomers having a hydroxyl group. These monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- acrylic monomer having no functional group examples include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, pentyl (meth) acrylate, (meth ) Straight chain such as hexyl acrylate, octyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (meth) acrylate, dodecyl (meth) acrylate, myristyl (meth) acrylate, palmityl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate
- monomers having a carboxyl group such as crotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid; (meth) acrylamide, N-methyl (meth) acrylamide, N-methylol (meta )
- a monomer having an amide group such as acrylamide examples thereof include acrylonitrile; styrene; vinyl acetate; vinyl pyrrolidone.
- the method for producing the acrylic copolymer is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method such as a solution polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, or a bulk polymerization method can be used. Among these, solution polymerization is desirable because polymerization is easy.
- the polymerization initiator used in the polymerization reaction is not particularly limited, and peroxide initiators such as benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, azobiscyanovaleric acid, azobiscyanopentane. And azo-based initiators.
- the solvent used for the polymerization reaction is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include toluene, hexane, heptane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and methanol.
- Known conditions can be adopted as the reaction conditions such as the temperature of the polymerization reaction and the reaction time.
- the weight average molecular weight of the acrylic copolymer is usually 100,000 to 1,000,000, preferably 300,000 to 900,000.
- the said weight average molecular weight is the value of polystyrene conversion measured by the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method.
- a crosslinking agent can be added to the acrylic adhesive.
- the crosslinking agent is a compound that reacts with a functional group in the acrylic monomer having the functional group to form a crosslink.
- the cohesive force of the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive can be improved.
- An isocyanate type crosslinking agent, an epoxy-type crosslinking agent, etc. are mentioned.
- the isocyanate-based crosslinking agent is not particularly limited, and a compound having two or more isocyanate groups in the molecule is used.
- isocyanate-based crosslinking agents include aromatic polyisocyanates such as tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and xylylene diisocyanate; aliphatic polyisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate; isophorone diisocyanate.
- Cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates such as hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate; and their biuret, isocyanurate, and low molecular activities such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, castor oil, etc.
- epoxy-based crosslinking agent a compound having two or more epoxy groups in the molecule is used.
- sorbitol tetraglycidyl ether trimethylolpropane glycidyl ether, tetraglycidyl-1,3-bisaminomethylcyclohexane, tetraglycidyl -M-xylenediamine, triglycidyl-p-aminophenol and the like.
- a crosslinking agent can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the amount of the crosslinking agent used is usually 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the acrylic copolymer, although it depends on the type of the crosslinking agent.
- the urethane-based pressure-sensitive adhesive is a pressure-sensitive adhesive containing a urethane-based resin as a main component (including a case where the whole is composed only of the component).
- the urethane adhesive includes a urethane adhesive.
- the urethane-based pressure-sensitive adhesive to be used is not particularly limited as long as a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having desired properties can be formed, and conventionally known pressure-sensitive adhesives can be used.
- Examples of the urethane resin include polyether polyurethane and polyester polyurethane. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the urethane resin may have a three-dimensional crosslinked structure obtained by reacting a urethane prepolymer having an isocyanate group at a terminal with a crosslinking agent such as triol or diamine.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive used for the bonding layer may contain various additives as long as the pressure-sensitive adhesiveness and the like are not impaired.
- Additives include light stabilizers, antioxidants, tackifiers, plasticizers, UV absorbers, colorants, resin stabilizers, fillers, pigments, extenders, antistatic agents, silane coupling agents, etc. Can be mentioned. These additives can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the bonding layer As a method for forming the bonding layer, a known method can be adopted.
- the form of the pressure-sensitive adhesive used for the bonding layer is a solvent-type pressure-sensitive adhesive or an emulsion-type pressure-sensitive adhesive
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive is spin-coated, spray-coated, bar-coated, knife-coated, roll-coated
- the solvent After coating by a known coating method such as a blade coating method, a die coating method, or a gravure coating method, the solvent can be dried and removed from the obtained coating film, and a bonding layer can be formed by heating as desired. .
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive used is a hot-melt pressure-sensitive adhesive
- it is applied by a hot-melt method by utilizing the property of easily melting and having fluidity under heating.
- the bonding layer can be formed by applying a hot-melt-type pressure-sensitive adhesive in a molten state by a known application method such as T-die, fountain die, gear-in die, slot die, and cooling.
- the thickness of the bonding layer is not particularly limited and is appropriately selected, but is preferably 0.5 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 60 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 3 to 40 ⁇ m. If it is 0.5 ⁇ m or more, good adhesive force can be obtained, and if it is 100 ⁇ m or less, it is advantageous in terms of productivity.
- FIGS. 2 (a) to (c) Gas Barrier Film Laminate Examples of the gas barrier film laminate of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to (c), FIGS. 3 (a) to (b), FIGS. 4 (a) to (b), and FIG. Shown in a) to (c).
- the gas barrier film laminate of the present invention is not limited to those shown in FIGS.
- the following description is for demonstrating the layer structure of a gas barrier film laminated body, Comprising: The order (lamination order) of a manufacturing process is not limited.
- the gas barrier film laminate (30) shown in FIG. 2 (a) has two gas barrier films (10a) and (10b), a gas barrier layer (2a) of the gas barrier film (10a) and a gas barrier layer of the gas barrier film (10b). (2b) are laminated so as to face each other through the bonding layer (3) [cured resin layer (1a) / gas barrier layer (2a) / bonding layer (3) / gas barrier layer (2b) / Cured resin layer (1b)].
- the two gas barrier films (10a) and (10b) are cured of the cured resin layer (1a) of the gas barrier film (10a) and the gas barrier film (10b).
- Layer structure [gas barrier layer (2a) / cured resin layer (1a) / bonded layer (3) / cured resin layer (layered by being laminated so that the resin layer (1b) is opposed to the bonded layer (3)] 1b) / gas barrier layer (2b)].
- the gas barrier film laminate (50) shown in FIG. 2 (c) has two gas barrier films (10a) and (10b), a gas barrier layer (2a) of the gas barrier film (10a) and a cured resin of the gas barrier film (10b).
- gas barrier films (10a), (10b), and (10c) are composed of a gas barrier layer (2a) and a gas barrier film (10b) of the gas barrier film (10a).
- a cured resin layer (1b) are laminated so as to face each other through the bonding layer (3a), and another gas barrier film (10c) is formed as a gas barrier layer (2b) of the gas barrier film (10b).
- gas barrier layer (3b) of the gas barrier film (10c) are laminated so as to face each other with the bonding layer (3b) interposed therebetween [cured resin layer (1a) / gas barrier layer (2a) / bonding layer ( 3a) / cured resin layer (1b) / gas barrier layer (2b) / bonding layer (3b) / gas barrier layer (2c) / cured resin layer (1c)].
- the gas barrier film laminate (70) shown in FIG. 3 (b) includes three gas barrier films (10a), (10b) and (10c), similarly to the gas barrier film laminate (60).
- the layer structure is [cured resin layer (1a) / gas barrier layer (2a) / bonding layer (3a) / cured resin layer (1b) / gas barrier layer (2b) / bonding layer (3b) / cured resin layer (1c) / Gas barrier layer (2c)].
- two gas barrier film laminates (30a) and (30b) are laminated with the cured resin layer (1b) of the gas barrier film laminate (30a) and the gas barrier film laminate.
- the gas barrier film laminates (90) to (120) shown in FIG. 4 (b) and FIGS. 5 (a) to (c) include two gas barrier film laminates as in the gas barrier film laminate (80).
- Each layer structure is as follows.
- Gas barrier film laminate [gas barrier layer (2a) / cured resin layer (1a) / bonding layer (3a) / cured resin layer (1b) / gas barrier layer (2b) / bonding layer (3b) / cured resin layer (1c) / gas barrier layer (2c) / bonding layer (3c) / cured resin layer (1d) / gas barrier layer (2d)]
- Gas barrier film laminate (110) [cured resin layer (1a) / gas barrier layer (2a) / bonding layer (3a) / cured resin layer (1b) / gas barrier layer (2b) / bonding layer (3b) / cured resin layer (1c) / gas barrier layer (2c) / bonding layer (3c) / cured resin layer (1d) / gas barrier layer (2d)]
- gas barrier film laminates those in which the gas barrier layer is not exposed on the outermost surface, such as the gas barrier film laminates (30), (60), and (80), are not easily damaged and have a gas barrier property. It is preferable because it does not easily decrease.
- the gas barrier layers or the cured resin layers are bonded so as to face each other. Since the gas barrier film laminate is a laminate structure having symmetry, it is preferable from the viewpoint that curling of the laminate can be suppressed.
- the gas barrier film laminate of the present invention is formed by bonding two or more gas barrier films of the present invention. Therefore, the gas barrier film laminate of the present invention is extremely excellent in addition to the properties such as the optical isotropy, heat resistance, solvent resistance, interlayer adhesion, etc. that the cured resin layer originally has a low birefringence. Gas barrier properties.
- the gas barrier film laminate of the present invention is not limited to those shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 and may contain one or more other layers as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. .
- the arrangement positions of the other layers are not particularly limited. Examples of the other layers include the conductor layer, the shock absorbing layer, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and the process sheet described above in the gas barrier film.
- the gas barrier film laminate of the present invention can be produced by laminating two or more of the gas barrier films of the present invention via a bonding layer.
- the gas barrier film laminate (30) shown in FIG. 2 (a) can be produced by the following method. First, two gas barrier films (10) having a cured resin layer (1) and a gas barrier layer (2) provided on the cured resin layer (1) shown in FIG. Represented as 10a and 10b, respectively). Subsequently, as shown in FIG.6 (b), a joining layer (3) is formed on a peeling sheet (4), and a peeling sheet (130) with a joining layer is obtained. In addition, the peeling sheet (130) with a joining layer may have another peeling sheet on a joining layer (3).
- the gas barrier layer (2a) of the gas barrier film (10a) and the bonding layer (3) of the release sheet with bonding layer (130) are bonded together while heating if desired. Thereby, the gas barrier film (140) with a joining layer is obtained.
- the method of bonding is not particularly limited, and for example, bonding can be performed using a known laminator.
- the release sheet (4) of the gas barrier film with a bonding layer (140) is peeled off, and the gas barrier layer (10b) of the gas barrier film (10b) is exposed on the exposed bonding layer (3) surface.
- the gas barrier film laminate (30) shown in FIG. 6 (e) can be obtained by laminating 2b) while heating as desired.
- the gas barrier laminate of the present invention can also be produced by methods other than those described above.
- a bonding layer is directly formed on the gas barrier layer (2) of the gas barrier film (10) shown in FIG. 6A, and this bonding layer and another gas barrier film are overlaid and pressure-bonded while heating if desired.
- a gas barrier film laminate can be obtained.
- the gas barrier films When four or more gas barrier films are bonded, the gas barrier films may be bonded one by one, or after obtaining the gas barrier film laminate, the obtained gas barrier film laminates are bonded together. Also good.
- the gas barrier films when manufacturing the gas barrier film laminated body (80) shown in FIG. 4A, the gas barrier films may be bonded one by one, or the gas barrier film laminated bodies (30b, 30a) are bonded to each other. May be.
- the electronic device member of the present invention comprises the gas barrier film or gas barrier film laminate of the present invention. Therefore, the electronic device member of the present invention is excellent in heat resistance, solvent resistance, interlayer adhesion, and gas barrier properties, has a low birefringence, and exhibits excellent optical isotropy. , EL display and other display members; solar cell back sheet;
- An electronic device of the present invention includes the above-described electronic device member. Specific examples include a touch panel, a liquid crystal display, an organic EL display, an inorganic EL display, electronic paper, a solar battery, and the like.
- part means “part by mass” unless otherwise specified.
- PSF polysulfone-based resin
- Tg 180 ° C.
- curable resin compositions 2 to 5 A curable resin was prepared by the same method as the preparation method of curable resin composition 1 except that the mixing ratios shown in Table 1 were changed. Compositions 2-5 were prepared.
- COC cycloolefin copolymer
- PSF polysulfone resin
- Tg 180 ° C.
- ABPEF 9,9-bis [4- (2-acryloyloxyethoxy) phenyl] flu
- the obtained pressure-sensitive adhesive was applied to the release layer surface of a release sheet (SP-PET 381031 manufactured by Lintec Co., Ltd.) having a silicone release layer on one side of a 38 ⁇ m thick polyethylene terephthalate film by the comma direct coating method. Then, the obtained coating film was dried at 100 ° C. for 1 minute to form a bonding layer having a thickness of about 10 ⁇ m, thereby preparing a release sheet with a bonding layer.
- a release sheet SP-PET 381031 manufactured by Lintec Co., Ltd.
- Example 1 Manufactured on the surface opposite to the easy adhesion layer of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (PET50A-4100, thickness 50 ⁇ m, surface roughness Ra: 1.0 nm, Rt: 16 nm, manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) as a process sheet
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the curable resin composition 1 obtained in Example 1 was applied by a fountain die method so that the thickness after drying was 50 ⁇ m, and the obtained coating film was heated at 50 ° C. for 2 minutes and then at 140 ° C. for 2 minutes. Thus, the coating film was dried.
- a PET film Toyobo Co., Ltd., PET 50A-4100, thickness 50 ⁇ m
- the ultraviolet ray was irradiated twice under the conditions of an ultraviolet lamp height of 150 mm, an illuminance of a light wavelength of 365 nm of 271 mW / cm 2 , and an amount of light of 600 mJ / cm 2. as cm 2, subjected to the curing reaction, to form a cured resin layer 1.
- the PET film is peeled off, and a coating agent mainly composed of perhydropolysilazane (“Aquamica NL110-20”, manufactured by Clariant Japan Co., Ltd.) as a silicon-containing polymer is spin-coated on the cured resin layer 1. It apply
- argon (Ar) was plasma ion implanted into the surface of the polymer resin layer under the following plasma ion implantation conditions to form a gas barrier layer. Subsequently, the PET film used as the process sheet was peeled off to produce a gas barrier film 1.
- Examples 2 to 5 The cured resin layers 2 to 5 were formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the curable resin compositions 2 to 5 were used in place of the curable resin composition 1, and then the cured resin layers 2 to 5 were formed. A gas barrier layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare gas barrier films 2 to 5.
- Example 6 A cured resin layer 5 was formed using the curable resin composition 5 in the same manner as in Example 5. Next, a gas barrier film 6 made of silicon nitride having a thickness of 60 nm was formed on the surface of the cured resin layer 5 by a sputtering method, so that a gas barrier film 6 was produced.
- Example 7 A cured resin layer 6 is formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the curable resin composition 6 is used in place of the curable resin composition 1, and then the example 1 and the cured resin layer 6 are formed on the cured resin layer 6. Similarly, a gas barrier layer was formed to produce a gas barrier film 7.
- Example 8 and 9 The cured resin layers 7 and 8 are formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the curable resin compositions 7 and 8 are used in place of the curable resin composition 1, and then the cured resin layers 7 and 8 are formed.
- a gas barrier layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare gas barrier films 8 and 9.
- a gas barrier film 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that.
- a gas barrier film 11 was produced in the same manner as in Example 6 except that.
- Comparative Example 4 A gas barrier layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the PC film obtained in Comparative Example 3 was used in place of the cured resin layer 1, and a gas barrier film 13 was produced.
- COC cycloolefin copolymer
- a gas barrier layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above-described COC film was used in place of the cured resin layer 1, and a gas barrier film 14 was produced.
- Example 6 A gas barrier layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the COC film obtained in Comparative Example 5 was used in place of the cured resin layer 5, and a gas barrier film 15 was produced.
- Comparative Example 8 A gas barrier layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the PSF film obtained in Comparative Example 7 was used instead of the cured resin layer 5, and a gas barrier film 17 was produced.
- the solvent resistance of the cured resin layer was evaluated with a gel fraction of 90% or more as “ ⁇ ” and less than 90% as “x”.
- the gel fraction was measured in the same manner to evaluate the solvent resistance. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
- the ratio (shrinkage rate) of the amount of shrinkage to the original length (15 mm) at this time was determined.
- the shrinkage rate was less than 0.5%, the heat resistance was evaluated as “ ⁇ ”, and when the shrinkage rate was more than 0.5%, the heat resistance was evaluated as “x”.
- the evaluation results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
- the cured resin layers 1 to 8 of the gas barrier films 1 to 9 of Examples 1 to 9 have a high glass transition temperature (Tg), a low birefringence, and a high gel fraction. Therefore, the gas barrier films 1 to 9 using the cured resin layers 1 to 8 are gas barrier films having excellent heat resistance and solvent resistance and excellent optical isotropy.
- the gas barrier films 1 to 9 are excellent in interlayer adhesion between the gas barrier layer and the cured resin layer, and are excellent in gas barrier properties.
- the PET films used in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have a high gel fraction and excellent solvent resistance, but have a low glass transition temperature (Tg), poor heat resistance, and high birefringence.
- the gas barrier films 10 and 11 obtained in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are inferior in heat resistance and in optical isotropy.
- the gas barrier film 10 obtained in Comparative Example 1 is inferior in interlayer adhesion between the gas barrier layer and the cured resin layer.
- the PC film, COC film and PSF film used in Comparative Examples 3 to 8 have a high glass transition temperature (Tg) and excellent heat resistance, but are inferior in solvent resistance.
- the PC film and PSF film also had a high birefringence and insufficient birefringence.
- the effect acquired by using a curable monomer (B) is shown by comparing an Example and a comparative example. That is, by using the curable monomer (B), a gas barrier film having excellent heat resistance, solvent resistance, interlayer adhesion, and gas barrier properties and having a low birefringence can be obtained.
- Example 10 to 16 In Examples 1 to 7, cured resin layers 9 to 14 were formed in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 7, except that the thickness of the cured resin layer after drying was changed to 10 ⁇ m. Then, the cured resin layers 9 to A gas barrier layer was formed on 14 to produce gas barrier films 18-24. Details of the cured resin layers 9 to 14 and the gas barrier films 18 to 24 are shown in Tables 5 and 6, respectively.
- Example 17 Two gas barrier films 18 obtained in Example 10 [before the process sheet (PET film) was peeled from the cured resin layer) were prepared, and the gas barrier layer surface of one gas barrier film 18 and the production example 9 were obtained. The bonding layer surface of the release sheet with the bonding layer was bonded. Subsequently, after bonding the bonding layer surface exposed by peeling the release sheet of the bonded release layer with the bonding layer and the gas barrier layer surface of the other gas barrier film 18, the process sheets on both sides are peeled off, and the gas barrier film A gas barrier film laminate 1 obtained by laminating two 18 was produced.
- Example 18 to 23 Gas barrier film laminates 2 to 7 were produced in the same manner as in Example 17, except that the gas barrier films 19 to 24 obtained in Examples 11 to 16 were used instead of the gas barrier film 18.
- Gas barrier film laminates 8 to 11 were produced in the same manner as in Example 17 except that the gas barrier films 10 to 12 and 16 obtained in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and 7 were used instead of the gas barrier film 18.
- Example 24 Two gas barrier film laminates 1 obtained in Example 17 were prepared, and the cured resin layer surface of one gas barrier film laminate 1 was bonded to the bonding layer surface of the release sheet with the bonding layer obtained in Production Example 9. . Further, the gas barrier film laminate 1 is obtained by bonding the bonded layer surface exposed by peeling the release sheet of the bonded release layer-attached release sheet and the cured resin layer surface of the other gas barrier film laminate 1 together.
- Examples 25 and 26 Gas barrier film laminates 13 and 14 were produced in the same manner as in Example 24 except that the gas barrier film laminates 6 and 7 obtained in Examples 22 and 23 were used instead of the gas barrier film laminate 1.
- the ratio of shrinkage to the original length (15 mm) (shrinkage rate) is obtained.
- shrinkage rate is less than 0.5%
- the heat resistance is “ ⁇ ”
- the shrinkage rate is more than 0.5%.
- the heat resistance was evaluated as “x”. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 7 and 8.
- the gas barrier film laminates 1 to 7 obtained in Examples 17 to 23 and the gas barrier film laminates 12 to 14 obtained in Examples 24 to 26 have excellent heat resistance and extremely low water vapor permeability.
- the gas barrier film laminates 8 and 9 of Comparative Examples 9 and 10 are inferior in heat resistance.
- the gas barrier film laminated bodies 11 and 12 of the comparative examples 11 and 12 are bonded with a gas barrier film obtained using a film having a large birefringence, and are inferior in optical isotropy.
Abstract
Description
しかしながら、一般にプラスチックフィルムは、ガラス板に比べて水蒸気や酸素等を透過させるため、透明プラスチックフィルムをディスプレイの基板として使用すると、ディスプレイ内部の素子が劣化し易いという問題があった。
この問題を解決するため、水蒸気や酸素の透過を抑制する特性を有するフィルム(以下、この特性を「ガスバリア性」といい、ガスバリア性を有するフィルムを「ガスバリアフィルム」という。)をディスプレイの基板として用いることが提案されている。
また、特許文献2には、基材の少なくとも片面に、ポリシラザン膜にプラズマ処理を施して形成されたガスバリア層を有するガスバリアフィルムが記載されている。
しかしながら、従来のガスバリアフィルムは、これらの全ての特性に優れるものではなかった。
従って、これらの全ての特性に優れるガスバリアフィルムやガスバリアフィルム積層体が要望されている。
また、このガスバリアフィルムは、溶液キャスト法を利用して、工程シート上で硬化性樹脂組成物からなる硬化性樹脂層を形成し、次いで、該硬化性樹脂層を硬化させて硬化樹脂層を形成した後、さらに、得られた硬化樹脂層上にガスバリア層を形成することで、効率よく得られることを見出した。
さらに、このガスバリアフィルムを、接合層を介して2枚以上積層することで、高いガスバリア性を有し、耐熱性、耐溶剤性、層間密着性及び複屈折率が低く光学等方性にも優れるガスバリアフィルム積層体を得ることができることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
(1)硬化樹脂層と、該硬化樹脂層の少なくとも片面にガスバリア層を有するガスバリアフィルムであって、
前記硬化樹脂層が、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が140℃以上の熱可塑性樹脂(A)、及び硬化性単量体(B)を含有する硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物からなる層であり、
ガスバリアフィルムの水蒸気透過率が、40℃、相対湿度90%雰囲気下で1g/m2/day以下であるガスバリアフィルム。
(2)熱可塑性樹脂(A)が非晶性熱可塑性樹脂である、(1)に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
(3)熱可塑性樹脂(A)が芳香族環構造又は脂環式構造を有するものである、(1)に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
(4)熱可塑性樹脂(A)が、ポリスルホン系樹脂、ポリアリレート系樹脂、ポリカーボネート系樹脂、及び脂環式炭化水素系樹脂からなる群から選択される熱可塑性樹脂である、(1)に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
(6)前記硬化性樹脂組成物中の、熱可塑性樹脂(A)と硬化性単量体(B)の含有量が、熱可塑性樹脂(A)と硬化性単量体(B)の質量比で、熱可塑性樹脂(A):硬化性単量体(B)=30:70~90:10である、(1)に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
(7)前記硬化樹脂層がゲル分率が90%以上の層である、(1)に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
(9)前記ケイ素含有高分子化合物がポリシラザンである、(8)に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
(10)前記ガスバリア層が無機膜からなる層である、(1)に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
(11)工程シートを有するものである、(1)に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
(12)前記(1)~(11)のいずれかに記載のガスバリアフィルムの製造方法であって、以下の工程1~3を有するガスバリアフィルムの製造方法。
工程1:工程シート上に、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が140℃以上の熱可塑性樹脂(A)、及び硬化性単量体(B)を含有する硬化性樹脂組成物からなる硬化性樹脂層を形成する工程
工程2:工程1で得られた硬化性樹脂層を硬化させて、硬化樹脂層を形成する工程
工程3:工程2で得られた硬化樹脂層上に、ガスバリア層を形成する工程
(13)前記(1)~(11)のいずれかに記載のガスバリアフィルムが、接合層を介して2枚以上積層されてなるガスバリアフィルム積層体。
(14)前記2枚以上のガスバリアフィルムの硬化樹脂層の厚みが、いずれも、0.5~10μmである、(13)に記載のガスバリアフィルム積層体。
(15)前記(1)~(11)のいずれかに記載のガスバリアフィルムからなる電子デバイス用部材。
(16)前記(13)又は(14)に記載のガスバリアフィルム積層体からなる電子デバイス用部材。
本発明の第5によれば、下記(17)の電子デバイスが提供される。
(17)前記(15)又は(16)に記載の電子デバイス用部材を備える電子デバイス。
本発明のガスバリアフィルムの製造方法によれば、本発明のガスバリアフィルムを効率よく製造することができる。本発明の製造方法は、特に、厚みが非常に薄いガスバリアフィルムを製造する場合に好適である。
本発明のガスバリアフィルム積層体は、高いガスバリア性を有し、耐熱性、耐溶剤性、層間密着性及び複屈折率が低く光学等方性にも優れるものである。
本発明の電子デバイス用部材は、耐熱性、耐溶剤性、層間密着性及びガスバリア性のすべてに優れ、かつ、複屈折率が低く光学等方性に優れるガスバリアフィルム又はガスバリアフィルム積層体からなるものであるため、タッチパネル、電子ペーパー、有機・無機ELのフレキシブルディスプレイ、太陽電池等の電子デバイス等に好適に用いることができる。
本発明のガスバリアフィルムは、硬化樹脂層と、該硬化樹脂層の少なくとも片面にガスバリア層を有するガスバリアフィルムであって、前記硬化樹脂層が、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が140℃以上の熱可塑性樹脂(A)、硬化性単量体(B)を含有する硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物からなる層であり、かつ、ガスバリアフィルムの水蒸気透過率が、40℃、相対湿度90%雰囲気下で1g/m2/day以下のものである。
本発明のガスバリアフィルムの硬化樹脂層は、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が140℃以上の熱可塑性樹脂(A)、及び硬化性単量体(B)を含有する硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物からなる。硬化樹脂層は単層であってもよく、複数層積層されていてもよい。
本発明に用いる熱可塑性樹脂(A)は、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が140℃以上、好ましくは150℃以上の熱可塑性樹脂である。ガラス転移温度(Tg)が140℃以上の熱可塑性樹脂を用いることで、耐熱性に優れるガスバリアフィルムを得ることができる。
ここでガラス転移温度(Tg)は、粘弾性測定(周波数11Hz、昇温速度3℃/分で0~250℃の範囲で引張モードによる測定)により得られたtanδ(損失弾性率/貯蔵弾性率)の最大点の温度をいう。
ここで、非晶性熱可塑性樹脂とは、示差走査熱量測定において、融点が観測されない熱可塑性樹脂をいう。
テレフタル酸、4,4’-ビフェニルジカルボン酸、ジフェノキシエタンジカルボン酸、
ジフェニルエーテル4,4’-ジカルボン酸、4,4’-ジフェニルスルホンジカルボン
酸、1,5-ナフタレンジカルボン酸、2,6-ナフタレンジカルボン酸、及びそれらの
クロライド等が挙げられる。また、用いるポリアリレート系樹脂は、変性ポリアリレート系樹脂であってもよい。これらの中でも、ポリアリレート系樹脂としては、2,2-ビス(4’-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパンとイソフタル酸との反応により得られる高分子化合物からなる樹脂が好ましい。
芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂としては、芳香族ジオールとカーボネート前駆体とを界面重縮合法や溶融エステル交換法で反応させる方法や、カーボネートプレポリマーを固相エステル交換法により重合させる方法や、環状カーボネート化合物の開環重合法により重合させる方法によって得ることができる。
カーボネート前駆体としては、例えば、カルボニルハライド、カーボネートエステルまたはハロホルメート等が挙げられ、具体的にはホスゲン、ジフェニルカーボネートまたは二価フェノールのジハロホルメート等が挙げられる。
熱可塑性樹脂(A)は1種単独で、あるいは2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
硬化性単量体(B)は、重合性不飽和結合を有する単量体であって、重合反応、又は、重合反応及び架橋反応に関与し得る単量体である。なお、本明細書において、「硬化」とは、この「単量体の重合反応」、又は、「単量体の重合反応及び引き続く重合体の架橋反応」を含めた広い概念を意味する。硬化性単量体(B)を用いることで、耐溶剤性に優れるガスバリアフィルムを得ることができる。
硬化性単量体(B)中の重合性不飽和結合の数は特に制限されない。硬化性単量体(B)は、重合性不飽和結合を1つ有する単官能型の単量体であっても、複数有する2官能型や3官能型等の多官能型の単量体であってもよい。
単官能の(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体としては、特に限定されず、公知の化合物を用いることができる。例えば、窒素原子を有する単官能の(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体、脂環式構造を有する単官能の(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体、ポリエーテル構造を有する単官能の(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体等が挙げられる。
R1で表される炭素数1~6のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基等が挙げられ、メチル基が好ましい。
R2及びR3で表される炭素数1~12の有機基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基等の、炭素数1~12のアルキル基;シクロペンチル基、シクロへキシル基等の、炭素数3~12のシクロアルキル基;フェニル基、ビフェニル基、ナフチル基等の、炭素数6~12の芳香族基;が挙げられる。これらの基は、任意の位置に置換基を有していてもよい。また、R2とR3が一緒になって環を形成してもよく、該環は、骨格中にさらに窒素原子や酸素原子を有していてもよい。
R4で表される2価の有機基としては、-(CH2)m-、-NH-(CH2)m-で表される基が挙げられる。ここで、mは、1~10の整数である。
R5で表される脂環式構造を有する基としては、シクロへキシル基、イソボルニル基、1-アダマンチル基、2-アダマンチル基、トリシクロデカニル基等が挙げられる。
多官能の(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体としては、特に限定されず、公知の化合物を用いることができる。例えば、2~6官能の(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体が挙げられる。
2官能の(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体としては、下記式で示される化合物が挙げられる。
4官能の(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体としては、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられる。
5官能の(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体としては、プロピオン酸変性ジペンタエリスリトールペンタ(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられる。
6官能の(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体としては、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ(メタ)アクリレート、カプロラクトン変性ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられる。
硬化性単量体(B)は1種単独で、あるいは2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
これらの中でも、硬化性単量体(B)は、耐熱性及び耐溶剤性により優れる硬化樹脂層が得られることから、多官能型の単量体が好ましい。多官能の単量体としては、熱可塑性樹脂(A)と混ざりやすく、かつ、重合物の硬化収縮が起こりにくく硬化物のカールが抑制できるという観点から、2官能(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体が好ましい。硬化性単量体(B)が多官能型の単量体を含む場合、その含有量は、硬化性単量体(B)の全量中、40質量%以上が好ましく、50~100質量%がより好ましい。
本発明に用いる硬化性樹脂組成物は、熱可塑性樹脂(A)、硬化性単量体(B)、及び所望により、後述する重合開始剤やその他の成分を混合し、適当な溶媒に溶解又は分散させることにより調製することができる。
硬化性樹脂組成物中の硬化性単量体(B)の含有量が、熱可塑性樹脂(A):硬化性単量体(B)=30:70を超えるときは、得られる硬化樹脂層の柔軟性が低下するおそれがあり、90:10を下回るときは硬化樹脂層の耐溶剤性が低下するおそれがある。
有機過酸化物としては、ジ-t-ブチルパーオキサイド、t-ブチルクミルパーオキサイド、ジクミルパーオキサイド等のジアルキルパーオキサイド類;アセチルパーオキサイド、ラウロイルパーオキサイド、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド等のジアシルパーオキサイド類;メチルエチルケトンパーオキサイド、シクロヘキサノンパーオキサイド、3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキサノンパーオキサイド、メチルシクロヘキサノンパーオキサイド等のケトンパーオキサイド類;1,1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサン等のパーオキシケタール類;t-ブチルヒドロパーオキサイド、クメンヒドロパーオキサイド、1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチルヒドロパーオキサイド、p-メンタンヒドロパーオキサイド、ジイソプロピルベンゼンヒドロパーオキサイド、2,5-ジメチルヘキサン-2,5-ジヒドロパーオキサイド等のヒドロパーオキサイド類;t-ブチルパーオキシアセテート、t-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート、t-ブチルパーオキシベンゾエート、t-ブチルパーオキシイソプロピルカーボネート等のパーオキシエステル類;等が挙げられる。
アゾ系化合物としては、2,2’-アゾビス(4-メトキシ-2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)、2,2’-アゾビス(2-シクロプロピルプロピオニトリル)、2,2’-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルブチロニトリル)、1,1’-アゾビス(シクロヘキサン-1-カルボニトリル)、2-(カルバモイルアゾ)イソブチロニトリル、2-フェニルアゾ-4-メトキシ-2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル等が挙げられる。
熱可塑性樹脂(A)が芳香族環を有する熱可塑性樹脂である場合、熱可塑性樹脂(A)が紫外線を吸収する結果、硬化反応が起こりにくいことがある。しかしながら、上記のリン系光重合開始剤を用いることで、上記熱可塑性樹脂(A)に吸収されない波長の光を利用して硬化反応を効率よく進行させることができる。
重合開始剤は1種単独で、あるいは2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
本発明のガスバリアフィルムの硬化樹脂層の厚みは特に限定されず、ガスバリアフィルムの目的に合わせて決定すればよい。硬化樹脂層の厚みは、通常、0.5~300μm、好ましくは1~300μm、より好ましくは、2~200μm、さらに好ましくは3~100μm、特に好ましくは5~20μmである。
硬化樹脂層の面内の位相差、厚み方向の位相差、複屈折率が上記の範囲内であれば、複屈折率が低く光学等方性に優れるガスバリアフィルムが得られ、本発明のガスバリアフィルムを光学用途に好ましく用いることができる。
本発明のガスバリアフィルムのガスバリア層は、ガスバリア性を有する限り、材質等は特に限定されない。例えば、無機膜からなるガスバリア層、ガスバリア性樹脂を含むガスバリア層、高分子化合物を含む層にイオンを注入して得られるガスバリア層等が挙げられる。
これらの中でも、薄く、ガスバリア性に優れる層を効率よく形成できることから、ガスバリア層は、無機膜からなるガスバリア層、及び高分子化合物を含む層にイオンを注入して得られるガスバリア層が好ましい。
無機蒸着膜としては、無機化合物や金属の蒸着膜が挙げられる。
無機化合物の蒸着膜の原料としては、酸化珪素、酸化アルミニウム、酸化マグネシウム、酸化亜鉛、酸化インジウム、酸化スズ等の無機酸化物;窒化ケイ素、窒化アルミニウム、窒化チタン等の無機窒化物;無機炭化物;無機硫化物;酸化窒化ケイ素等の無機酸化窒化物;無機酸化炭化物;無機窒化炭化物;無機酸化窒化炭化物等が挙げられる。
金属の蒸着膜の原料としては、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、亜鉛、及びスズ等が挙げられる。
これらは、1種単独で、あるいは2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
これらの中では、ガスバリア性の観点から、無機酸化物、無機窒化物又は金属を原料とする無機蒸着膜が好ましく、さらに、透明性の観点から、無機酸化物又は無機窒化物を原料とする無機蒸着膜が好ましい。また、無機蒸着膜は、単層でもよく、多層でもよい。
また、ポリシラザン系化合物は、ガラスコーティング材等として市販されている市販品をそのまま使用することもできる。
ポリシラザン系化合物は、一種単独で、あるいは二種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
本発明においては、高分子層の厚みがナノオーダーであっても、後述するようにイオンを注入することで、充分なガスバリア性能を有するフィルムを得ることができる。
メタン、エタン、プロパン、ブタン、ペンタン、ヘキサン等のアルカン系ガス類のイオン;エチレン、プロピレン、ブテン、ペンテン等のアルケン系ガス類のイオン;ペンタジエン、ブタジエン等のアルカジエン系ガス類のイオン;アセチレン、メチルアセチレン等のアルキン系ガス類のイオン;ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、インデン、ナフタレン、フェナントレン等の芳香族炭化水素系ガス類のイオン;シクロプロパン、シクロヘキサン等のシクロアルカン系ガス類のイオン;シクロペンテン、シクロヘキセン等のシクロアルケン系ガス類のイオン;
金、銀、銅、白金、ニッケル、パラジウム、クロム、チタン、モリブデン、ニオブ、タンタル、タングステン、アルミニウム等の導電性の金属のイオン;
シラン(SiH4)又は有機ケイ素化合物のイオン;等が挙げられる。
ジメチルジメトキシシラン、ジメチルジエトキシシラン、ジエチルジメトキシシラン、メチルトリエトキシシラン、エチルトリメトキシシラン、(3,3,3-トリフルオロプロピル)トリメトキシシラン等の無置換若しくは置換基を有するアルキルアルコキシシラン;
ジフェニルジメトキシシラン、フェニルトリエトキシシラン等のアリールアルコキシシラン;
ヘキサメチルジシロキサン(HMDSO)等のジシロキサン;
ビス(ジメチルアミノ)ジメチルシラン、ビス(ジメチルアミノ)メチルビニルシラン、ビス(エチルアミノ)ジメチルシラン、ジエチルアミノトリメチルシラン、ジメチルアミノジメチルシラン、テトラキスジメチルアミノシラン、トリス(ジメチルアミノ)シラン等のアミノシラン;
ヘキサメチルジシラザン、ヘキサメチルシクロトリシラザン、ヘプタメチルジシラザン、ノナメチルトリシラザン、オクタメチルシクロテトラシラザン、テトラメチルジシラザン等のシラザン;
テトライソシアナートシラン等のシアナートシラン;
トリエトキシフルオロシラン等のハロゲノシラン;
ジアリルジメチルシラン、アリルトリメチルシラン等のアルケニルシラン;
ジ-t-ブチルシラン、1,3-ジシラブタン、ビス(トリメチルシリル)メタン、テトラメチルシラン、トリス(トリメチルシリル)メタン、トリス(トリメチルシリル)シラン、ベンジルトリメチルシラン等の無置換若しくは置換基を有するアルキルシラン;
ビス(トリメチルシリル)アセチレン、トリメチルシリルアセチレン、1-(トリメチルシリル)-1-プロピン等のシリルアルキン;
1,4-ビストリメチルシリル-1,3-ブタジイン、シクロペンタジエニルトリメチルシラン等のシリルアルケン;
フェニルジメチルシラン、フェニルトリメチルシラン等のアリールアルキルシラン;
プロパルギルトリメチルシラン等のアルキニルアルキルシラン;
ビニルトリメチルシラン等のアルケニルアルキルシラン;
ヘキサメチルジシラン等のジシラン;
オクタメチルシクロテトラシロキサン、テトラメチルシクロテトラシロキサン、ヘキサメチルシクロテトラシロキサン等のシロキサン;
N,O-ビス(トリメチルシリル)アセトアミド;
ビス(トリメチルシリル)カルボジイミド;
等が挙げられる。
これらのイオンは、一種単独で、あるいは二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
プラズマイオン注入装置としては、具体的には、(i)高分子層(以下、「イオン注入する層」ということがある。)に負の高電圧パルスを印加するフィードスルーに高周波電力を重畳してイオン注入する層の周囲を均等にプラズマで囲み、プラズマ中のイオンを誘引、注入、衝突、堆積させる装置(特開2001-26887号公報)、(ii)チャンバー内にアンテナを設け、高周波電力を与えてプラズマを発生させてイオン注入する層周囲にプラズマが到達後、イオン注入する層に正と負のパルスを交互に印加することで、正のパルスでプラズマ中の電子を誘引衝突させてイオン注入する層を加熱し、パルス定数を制御して温度制御を行いつつ、負のパルスを印加してプラズマ中のイオンを誘引、注入させる装置(特開2001-156013号公報)、(iii)マイクロ波等の高周波電力源等の外部電界を用いてプラズマを発生させ、高電圧パルスを印加してプラズマ中のイオンを誘引、注入させるプラズマイオン注入装置、(iv)外部電界を用いることなく高電圧パルスの印加により発生する電界のみで発生するプラズマ中のイオンを注入するプラズマイオン注入装置等が挙げられる。
前記(iii)及び(iv)のプラズマイオン注入装置を用いる方法については、国際公開WO2010/021326号公報に記載のものが挙げられる。
ガスバリア層の、40℃、相対湿度90%雰囲気下における水蒸気透過率は、通常1g/m2/day以下であり、好ましくは0.8g/m2/day以下であり、より好ましくは0.5g/m2/day以下であり、さらに好ましくは0.1g/m2/day以下である。水蒸気透過率は、公知の方法で測定することができる。
本発明のガスバリアフィルムは、前記硬化樹脂層と、該硬化樹脂層の少なくとも片面にガスバリア層とを有するものである。本発明のガスバリアフィルムは、前記硬化樹脂層とガスバリア層とを、それぞれ1層ずつ有するものであっても、前記硬化樹脂層及び/又はガスバリア層を2層以上有するものであってもよい。
図1(a)に示すガスバリアフィルム(10)は、硬化樹脂層(1)の片面に、ガスバリア層(2)を有するものである。
図1(b)に示すガスバリアフィルム(20)は、硬化樹脂層(1)の両面に、それぞれガスバリア層(2’)とガスバリア層(2”)を有するものである。
他の層としては、例えば、導電体層、衝撃吸収層、接着剤層、接合層、工程シート等が挙げられる。また、他の層の配置位置は特に限定されない。
また、別途、剥離基材上に衝撃吸収層を成膜し、得られた膜を、積層すべき層上に転写して積層してもよい。
衝撃吸収層の厚みは、通常1~100μm、好ましくは5~50μmである。
剥離剤層の厚みは、特に制限されないが、通常、0.02~2.0μm、より好ましくは0.05~1.5μmである。
表面粗さRa及びRtが、それぞれ、10.0nm、100nmを超えると、工程シートと接する層の表面粗さが大きくなり、ガスバリアフィルムのガスバリア性が低下するおそれがある。
なお、表面粗さRa及びRtは、100μm×100μmの測定面積で、光干渉法により得られた値である。
なお、「実質的な厚み」とは、使用状態における厚みをいう。すなわち、本発明のガスバリアフィルムは、工程シート等を有していてもよいが、使用時に除去される部分(工程シート等)の厚みは、「実質的な厚み」には含まれない。
本発明のガスバリアフィルムを製造する方法は特に制限されない。なかでも、ガスバリアフィルムを効率よく、かつ、容易に製造できる観点から、工程シートを用いて製造する方法が好ましく、以下の工程1~3を有する方法がより好ましい。
工程2:工程1で得られた硬化性樹脂層を硬化させて、硬化樹脂層を形成する工程
工程3:工程2で得られた硬化樹脂層上に、ガスバリア層を形成する工程
先ず、工程シート上に、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が140℃以上の熱可塑性樹脂(A)、及び硬化性単量体(B)を含有する硬化性樹脂組成物からなる硬化性樹脂層を形成する。
硬化性樹脂組成物を工程シート上に塗工する方法は、特に制限されず、スピンコート法、スプレーコート法、バーコート法、ナイフコート法、ロールコート法、ブレードコート法、ダイコート法、グラビアコート法等の公知の塗布方法を利用することができる。
乾燥塗膜(硬化性樹脂層)の厚みは、特に制限されず、通常、0.5~300μm、好ましくは1~300μm、より好ましくは、3~100μmである。硬化性樹脂層の厚みは、通常、0.5~300μm、好ましくは2~200μm、さらに好ましくは1~300μm、特に好ましくは5~20μmである。
次いで、工程1で得られた硬化性樹脂層を硬化させて、硬化樹脂層を形成する。
硬化性樹脂層を硬化する方法としては、特に限定されず、公知の方法が採用できる。例えば、硬化性樹脂層が、熱重合開始剤を含有する硬化性樹脂組成物を用いて形成されたものである場合、硬化性樹脂層を加熱することで硬化性樹脂層を硬化させることができる。加熱温度は、通常、30~150℃、好ましくは、50~100℃である。
フィルタとしては、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム等の樹脂フィルムを利用することができる。樹脂フィルムを用いる場合、工程1と工程2の間に、硬化性樹脂層上にポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム等の樹脂フィルムを積層させる工程を設けることが好ましい。なお、樹脂フィルムは、通常は、工程2の後に剥離される。
その後、工程2で得られた硬化樹脂層上に、ガスバリア層を形成する。
ガスバリア層を形成する方法としては、先に説明した方法を適宜採用することができる。
例えば、ガスバリア層が、ケイ素含有高分子化合物を含む層にイオンを注入して得られる層である場合、ケイ素含有高分子化合物を含む層を硬化樹脂層上に形成する工程と、該ケイ素含有高分子化合物を含む層に、イオンを注入する工程によってガスバリア層を形成することができる。
また、イオンを注入する方法としては、工程2で得られた硬化樹脂層上に、ケイ素含有高分子化合物を含む層が形成された長尺状のフィルムを、一定方向に搬送しながら、前記ケイ素含有高分子化合物を含む層に、イオンを注入してガスバリアフィルムを製造するのが好ましい。
この製造方法によれば、例えば、長尺状のガスバリアフィルムを連続的に製造することができる。
本発明のガスバリアフィルムの製造方法によれば、本発明のガスバリアフィルムを効率よく、連続的に、かつ容易に製造することができる。
本発明のガスバリアフィルム積層体は、本発明のガスバリアフィルムが、接合層を介して2枚以上積層されてなるものである。
本発明のガスバリアフィルム積層体を構成するガスバリアフィルムは、本発明のガスバリアフィルムであれば、特に限定されない。
ガスバリアフィルム積層体の製造に用いるガスバリアフィルムの硬化樹脂層の厚みは、0.5~10μmが好ましく、1~5μmがより好ましい。硬化樹脂層の厚みが上記範囲内であることで、優れたガスバリア性を有し、しかも、厚みが薄いガスバリアフィルム積層体を得ることができる。
ガスバリアフィルム積層体を構成する接合層は、ガスバリアフィルム同士を接合し、ガスバリアフィルム積層体の積層構造を保持するための層である。接合層は、単層であっても、複数層であってもよい。接合層としては、接着剤を用いて形成された単層構造の層からなるものや、支持層の両面に接着剤を用いて形成された層が形成されてなるものが挙げられる。
接合層に用いる粘着剤としては、アクリル系粘着剤、ウレタン系粘着剤、シリコーン系粘着剤、ゴム系粘着剤等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、粘着力、透明性および取り扱い性の点から、アクリル系粘着剤、ウレタン系粘着剤が好ましい。また、後述するような架橋構造を形成し得る粘着剤が好ましい。
また、粘着剤は、溶剤型粘着剤、エマルジョン型粘着剤、ホットメルト型粘着剤等のいずれの形態のものであってもよい。
アクリル系共重合体は、(メタ)アクリル酸又は(メタ)アクリル酸エステル由来の繰り返し単位を有する共重合体である。ここで、「(メタ)アクリル」とは、アクリル又はメタクリルの両方を意味する。
また、アクリル系共重合体は、上記以外の繰り返し単位を有するものであってもよい。
アクリル系共重合体は一種単独で、あるいは二種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
官能基を有するアクリル系単量体の官能基としては、用いる架橋剤の種類にもよるが、カルボキシル基、水酸基、アミノ基、アミド基等が挙げられる。
一方、官能基を有しないアクリル系単量体は、粘着性に優れる接合層を形成することができることから、炭素数4~10の炭化水素基を有するものが好ましい。
これらの単量体は、一種単独で、あるいは二種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
これらの単量体は、一種単独で、あるいは二種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
アクリロニトリル;スチレン;酢酸ビニル;ビニルピロリドン等が挙げられる。
重合反応に用いる溶媒は特に制限されず、トルエン、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、酢酸エチル、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メタノール等が挙げられる。
重合反応の温度や反応時間等の反応条件は、公知の条件を採用することができる。
架橋剤は、一種単独で、あるいは二種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
用いるウレタン系粘着剤は、目的の特性を有する粘着剤層を形成できる限り特に限定されず、従来公知のものを用いることができる。
ウレタン系樹脂としては、ポリエーテルポリウレタン、ポリエステルポリウレタン等が挙げられる。
これらは一種単独で、あるいは二種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
本発明のガスバリアフィルム積層体の例を、図2(a)~(c)、図3(a)~(b)、図4(a)~(b)、図5(a)~(c)に示す。本発明のガスバリアフィルム積層体は、図2~5に示すものに限定されるものではない。また、以下の説明は、ガスバリアフィルム積層体の層構成を説明するためのものであって、製造工程の順番(積層する順番)を限定するものでもない。
本発明のガスバリアフィルム積層体が、他の層を含有する場合、他の層の配置位置は特に限定されない。
他の層としては、先にガスバリアフィルムの中で説明した、導電体層、衝撃吸収層、粘着剤層、工程シート等が挙げられる。
先ず、図6(a)に示す、硬化樹脂層(1)と、該硬化樹脂層(1)上に設けられたガスバリア層(2)を有するガスバリアフィルム(10)を2枚用意する(以下、それぞれ、10a、10bと表す。)。
次いで、図6(b)に示すように、剥離シート(4)上に接合層(3)を形成して、接合層付剥離シート(130)を得る。なお、接合層付剥離シート(130)は、接合層(3)上にさらに別の剥離シートを有するものであってもよい。なお、剥離シート(4)としては、特に限定されず、工程シートで説明したものの中から、接合層との剥離性に優れるものを適宜選択すればよい。
次に、図6(c)に示すように、ガスバリアフィルム(10a)のガスバリア層(2a)と、接合層付剥離シート(130)の接合層(3)とを、所望により加熱しながら貼り合わせることで、接合層付ガスバリアフィルム(140)を得る。貼り合わせの方法は特に限定されず、例えば、公知のラミネーターを使用して貼り合わせることができる。
例えば、図6(a)に示すガスバリアフィルム(10)のガスバリア層(2)上に直接接合層を形成し、この接合層ともう1枚のガスバリアフィルムを、所望により加熱しながら重ね合わせ圧着することで、ガスバリアフィルム積層体を得ることができる。
例えば、図4(a)に示すガスバリアフィルム積層体(80)を製造する場合は、ガスバリアフィルムを1枚ずつ貼合してもよいし、ガスバリアフィルム積層体(30b、30a)同士を貼合してもよい。
本発明の電子デバイス用部材は、本発明のガスバリアフィルム又はガスバリアフィルム積層体からなることを特徴とする。従って、本発明の電子デバイス用部材は、耐熱性、耐溶剤性、層間密着性、及びガスバリア性に優れ、かつ、複屈折率が低く、優れた光学等方性を示すため、タッチパネル、液晶ディスプレイ、ELディスプレイ等のディスプレイ部材;太陽電池用バックシート;等として好適に用いられる
以下において、特に断りのない限り、「部」は「質量部」を表す。
(製造例1)硬化性樹脂組成物1の調製
熱可塑性樹脂(A)として、ポリスルホン系樹脂(PSF)のペレット(BASF社製、ULTRASON S3010、Tg=180℃)60部をジクロロメタンに溶解して、PSFの15質量%溶液を調製した。次いで、この溶液に、硬化性単量体(B)として、トリシクロデカンジメタノールジアクリレート(新中村化学工業社製、ADCP)40部、及び、重合開始剤として、ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルホスフィンオキサイド(BASF社製、Irgacure819)1部を添加、混合して、硬化性樹脂組成物1を調製した。
第1表に記載の配合割合に変更したことを除き、硬化性樹脂組成物1の調製法と同様の方法により、硬化性樹脂組成物2~5を調製した。
熱可塑性樹脂(A)として、シクロオレフィンコポリマー(COC)のペレット(JSR社製、ARTON F5023、Tg=165℃)40部をジクロロメタンに溶解して、COCの15質量%溶液を調製した。次いで、この溶液に、硬化性単量体(B)として、トリシクロデカンジメタノールジアクリレート(新中村化学工業社製、ADCP)60部、及び、重合開始剤として、ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルホスフィンオキサイド(BASF社製、Irgacure819)1部を添加、混合して、硬化性樹脂組成物6を調製した。
熱可塑性樹脂(A)として、ポリスルホン系樹脂(PSF)のペレット(BASF社製、ULTRASON S3010、Tg=180℃)60部をジクロロメタンに溶解して、PSFの15質量%溶液を調製した。次いで、この溶液に、硬化性単量体(B)として、エトキシ化ビスフェノールAジアクリレート(新中村化学工業社製、ABE300)40部、及び、重合開始剤として、ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルホスフィンオキサイド(BASF社製、Irgacure819)1部を添加、混合して、硬化性樹脂組成物7を調製した。
熱可塑性樹脂(A)として、ポリスルホン系樹脂(PSF)のペレット(BASF社製、ULTRASON S3010、Tg=180℃)60部をジクロロメタンに溶解して、PSFの15質量%溶液を調製した。次いで、この溶液に、硬化性単量体(B)として、9,9-ビス[4-(2-アクリロイルオキシエトキシ)フェニル]フルオレン(新中村化学工業社製、ABPEF)40部、及び、重合開始剤として、ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルホスフィンオキサイド(BASF社製、Irgacure819)1部を添加、混合して、硬化性樹脂組成物8を調製した。
ブチルアクリレート(BA)及びアクリル酸(AA)を用いて得られたアクリル系共重合体(質量比(BA:AA)=90:10、重量平均分子量550,000)100部とイソシアナート系架橋剤(東洋インキ社製、BHS-8515、濃度37.5質量%)0.22部を混合し、メチルエチルケトンで希釈して、不揮発分濃度30質量%の粘着剤を得た。
工程シートとしてのポリエチレンテレフテレート(PET)フィルム(東洋紡社製、PET50A-4100、厚み50μm、表面粗さRa:1.0nm、Rt:16nm)の易接着層とは反対側の面に、製造例1で得た硬化性樹脂組成物1をファウンテンダイ方式で、乾燥後の厚みが50μmになるように塗布し、得られた塗膜を50℃で2分間、次いで140℃で2分間加熱することで、塗膜を乾燥させた。
次に、この乾燥塗膜上に、PETフィルム(東洋紡社製、PET50A-4100、厚み50μm)を積層した。次いで、ベルトコンベア式紫外線照射装置(アイグラフィクス社製、製品名:ECS-401GX)を使用し、高圧水銀ランプ(アイグラフィクス社製、高圧水銀ランプ 製品名:H04-L41)にて、紫外線ランプ高さ150mm、紫外線ランプ出力3kw(換算出力120mW/cm)、光線波長365nmの照度が271mW/cm2、光量が177mJ/cm2(紫外線光量計:株式会社オーク製作所社製、UV-351)となる条件で、前記乾燥塗膜上に工程シートを介して紫外線照射を行った。次いで、同紫外線照射装置を使用し、紫外線ランプ高さ150mm、光線波長365nmの照度が271mW/cm2、光量が600mJ/cm2の条件で2回紫外線照射を行ない、紫外線の総光量を1377mJ/cm2として、硬化反応を行い、硬化樹脂層1を形成した。
次に、プラズマイオン注入装置を用いて、下記プラズマイオン注入条件にて、高分子樹脂層の表面に、アルゴン(Ar)をプラズマイオン注入してガスバリア層を形成した。
次いで、工程シートとして用いたPETフィルムを剥離し、ガスバリアフィルム1を作製した。
・ガス流量:100sccm
・Duty比:0.5%
・繰り返し周波数:1000Hz
・印加電圧:-10kV
・RF電源:周波数 13.56MHz、印加電力 1000W
・チャンバー内圧:0.2Pa
・パルス幅:5μsec
・処理時間(イオン注入時間):5分間
・搬送速度:0.2m/min
硬化性樹脂組成物1に代えて、硬化性樹脂組成物2~5を用いたことを除き、実施例1と同様にして硬化樹脂層2~5を形成し、次いで、硬化樹脂層2~5上に実施例1と同様にしてガスバリア層を形成して、ガスバリアフィルム2~5を作製した。
実施例5と同様の方法により、硬化性樹脂組成物5を用いて硬化樹脂層5を形成した。次いで、硬化樹脂層5表面に、スパッタリング法により、厚み60nmの窒化ケイ素からなるガスバリア層を形成して、ガスバリアフィルム6を作製した。
硬化性樹脂組成物1に代えて、硬化性樹脂組成物6を用いたことを除き、実施例1と同様にして硬化樹脂層6を形成し、次いで、硬化樹脂層6上に実施例1と同様にしてガスバリア層を形成して、ガスバリアフィルム7を作製した。
硬化性樹脂組成物1に代えて、硬化性樹脂組成物7,8を用いたことを除き、実施例1と同様にして硬化樹脂層7,8を形成し、次いで、硬化樹脂層7,8上に実施例1と同様にしてガスバリア層を形成して、ガスバリアフィルム8,9を作製した。
硬化樹脂層1に代えて、PETフィルム(東洋紡社製、PET50A-4100、厚み50μm、Tg=90℃)を使用して、このPETフィルムの易接着面とは反対側の面にガスバリア層を形成したことを除き、実施例1と同様にしてガスバリアフィルム10を作製した。
硬化樹脂層5に代えて、PETフィルム(東洋紡社製、PET50A-4100、厚み50μm、Tg=90℃)を使用して、このPETフィルムの易接着面とは反対側の面にガスバリア層を形成したことを除き、実施例6と同様にしてガスバリアフィルム11を作製した。
ポリカーボネート(PC)ペレット(出光興産社製、タフロン LC1700、Tg=145℃)をジクロロメタンに溶解し、PCの10質量%溶液を調製した。この溶液を、ファウンテンダイ方式で、PETフィルム(東洋紡社製、PET50A-4100、厚み50μm)の易接着層の反対側の面に、乾燥後の厚みが50μmになるように塗布し、形成された塗膜を60℃で8時間、次いで130℃で3時間加熱乾燥した。その後、PETフィルムを剥離して膜厚50μmのPCフィルムを得た。
その後、硬化樹脂層1に代えて、上記のPCフィルムを使用したことを除き、実施例1と同様にしてガスバリア層を形成し、ガスバリアフィルム12を作製した。
硬化樹脂層1に代えて、比較例3で得られたPCフィルムを使用したことを除き、実施例6と同様にしてガスバリア層を形成し、ガスバリアフィルム13を作製した。
シクロオレフィンコポリマー(COC)のペレット(ポリプラスチックス社製、TOPAS 6017、Tg=180℃)をジクロロメタンに溶解し、COCの10質量%溶液を調製した。この溶液をファウンテンダイ方式で、工程シートとしてのPETフィルム(東洋紡社製、PET50A-4100、厚み50μm)の易接着層の反対側の面に、乾燥後の厚みが50μmになるように塗布し、形成された塗膜を60℃で8時間、次いで、130℃で3時間加熱乾燥した。その後、工程シートとして用いたPETフィルムを剥離して、膜厚50μmのCOCフィルムを得た。
硬化樹脂層1に代えて、上記のCOCフィルムを使用したことを除き、実施例1と同様にしてガスバリア層を形成し、ガスバリアフィルム14を作製した。
硬化樹脂層5に代えて、比較例5で得られたCOCフィルムを使用したことを除き、実施例6と同様にしてガスバリア層を形成し、ガスバリアフィルム15を作製した。
ポリスルホン系樹脂(PSF)のペレット(BASF社製、ULTRASON S3010、Tg=180℃)をジクロロメタンに溶解し、10質量%の溶液を調製した。この溶液をファウンテンダイ方式で、工程シートとしてのPETフィルム(東洋紡社製、PET50A-4100、厚み50μm)の易接着層の反対側の面に、乾燥後の厚みが50μmになるように塗布し、形成された塗膜を60℃で8時間、次いで、130℃で3時間加熱乾燥した。その後、工程シートとして用いたPETフィルムを剥離して、膜厚50μmのPSFフィルムを得た。
その後、硬化樹脂層1に代えて、上記のPSFフィルムを使用したことを除き、実施例1と同様にしてガスバリア層を形成し、ガスバリアフィルム16を作製した。
硬化樹脂層5に代えて、比較例7で得られたPSFフィルムを使用したことを除き、実施例6と同様にしてガスバリア層を形成し、ガスバリアフィルム17を作製した。
実施例1~9で用いた硬化樹脂層1~8について、粘弾性測定機器(ティー・エイ・インスツルメント社製、DMA Q800)を使用し、周波数11Hz、昇温速度3℃/分で0~250℃の範囲で引張モードによる粘弾性を測定し、この測定で得られたtanδ(損失弾性率/貯蔵弾性率)の最大点の温度をガラス転移温度(Tg)とした。測定結果を第1表に示す。
また、比較例1~8で用いたフィルムについて、同様にガラス転移温度(Tg)を測定した。測定結果を第2表に示す。
実施例1~9で用いた硬化樹脂層1~8を100mm×100mmに裁断し、それぞれ測定用サンプルを得た。
測定用サンプルを、予め質量を測定した150mm×150mmのナイロンメッシュ(#120)で包み、トルエン(100mL)中に3日間浸漬した後、取り出して、120℃で1時間乾燥させた。次いで、23℃相対湿度50%の条件下に3時間放置して調湿を行った後、その質量を測定して、以下の式によりゲル分率を測定した。結果を第1表に示す。
また、比較例1~8で用いたフィルムについて、同様にゲル分率を測定し、耐溶剤性を評価した。評価結果を第2表に示す。
実施例1~9で用いた硬化樹脂層1~8について、位相差測定装置(王子計測機器社製、KOBRA-WR、波長:589nm)を使用し、温度が23℃の条件で、複屈折率を測定した。測定結果を第1表に示す。
また、比較例1~8で用いたフィルムについて、同様に複屈折率を測定した。測定結果を第2表に示す。
実施例1~9、及び比較例1~8で得たガスバリアフィルム1~17を、60℃、湿度90%条件下に150時間静置した後、碁盤目試験(JIS K-5400(1990年))を行い、ガスバリア層と、硬化樹脂層(又は基材フィルム)間の層間密着性を評価した。評価結果を第3表及び第4表に示す。
なお、100マスを観察し、90マス以上の剥がれが見られなかったものを「○」と評価し、それ以外を「×」と評価した。
実施例1~9で得たガスバリアフィルム1~9を、裁断装置(荻野精機製作所社製、スーパーカッター「PN1-600」)により、233mm×309mmの大きさに裁断し、測定用サンプルを得た。また、比較例1~8で得たガスバリアフィルム10~17も同様に裁断して、測定用サンプルを得た。
次いで、これらのサンプルを用いて、40℃、相対湿度90%の条件下で、水蒸気透過率測定装置(LYSSY社製、製品名「L89-5000」)を用いて水蒸気透過率を測定した。測定結果を第3表及び第4表に示す。
実施例1~9及び比較例1~8で得たガスバリアフィルム1~9及び10~17の光学等方性を、用いた硬化樹脂層またはフィルムの複屈折率から評価した。
硬化樹脂層またはフィルムの複屈折率が、20×10-5未満のガスバリアフィルムを「○」と評価し、20×10-5以上のガスバリアフィルムを「×」と評価した。評価結果を第3表、第4表に示す。
実施例1~9及び比較例1~8で得たガスバリアフィルム1~9、及び10~17を幅4.5mmに裁断して、それぞれ測定用サンプルを得た。
熱機械分析装置(マック・サイエンス社製、TMA4000S)に測定用サンプルをチャック間距離が15mmになるように固定した。次いで、-2gfの一定荷重(引張方向に2gfの荷重)をかけながら、雰囲気温度を23℃から150℃まで、昇温速度5℃/分で昇温し、そのまま150℃で30分間保持した。このときの元の長さ(15mm)に対する縮み量の割合(収縮率)を求めた。収縮率が0.5%未満の場合を耐熱性が「○」、収縮率が0.5%超の場合を耐熱性が「×」と評価した。評価結果を第3表、第4表に示す。
実施例1~9のガスバリアフィルム1~9の硬化樹脂層1~8は、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が高く、複屈折率が低く、ゲル分率も高い。したがって、この硬化樹脂層1~8を用いたガスバリアフィルム1~9は、耐熱性及び耐溶剤性に優れ、光学等方性に優れるガスバリアフィルムである。
また、ガスバリアフィルム1~9は、ガスバリア層と硬化樹脂層との層間密着性に優れ、ガスバリア性にも優れている。
一方、比較例1、2で用いたPETフィルムは、ゲル分率が高く、耐溶剤性に優れるものの、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が低く、耐熱性に劣り、また複屈折率が高い。したがって、比較例1、2で得られるガスバリアフィルム10、11は、耐熱性に劣り、また光学等方性に劣る。また、比較例1で得られるガスバリアフィルム10はガスバリア層と硬化樹脂層との層間密着性にも劣るものである。
さらに、比較例3~8で用いたPCフィルム、COCフィルムおよびPSFフィルムは、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が高く、耐熱性に優れるものの、耐溶剤性に劣るものである。また、PCフィルムおよびPSFフィルムは、複屈折率も高く、複屈折性も不十分であった。
以上より、硬化性単量体(B)を用いることで得られる効果は、実施例と比較例を比べることで示される。すなわち、硬化性単量体(B)を用いることで、耐熱性、耐溶剤性、層間密着性、及びガスバリア性に優れ、複屈折率の低いガスバリアフィルムを得ることができる。
実施例1~7において、硬化樹脂層の乾燥後の厚みを10μmに変更したことを除き、実施例1~7と同様にして、硬化樹脂層9~14を形成し、次いで硬化樹脂層9~14上にガスバリア層を形成して、ガスバリアフィルム18~24を作製した。
硬化樹脂層9~14とガスバリアフィルム18~24の詳細を、それぞれ、第5表、第6表に示す。
実施例10で得たガスバリアフィルム18〔工程シート(PETフィルム)を硬化樹脂層から剥離する前のもの〕を2枚用意し、1枚のガスバリアフィルム18のガスバリア層面と、製造例9で得た接合層付剥離シートの接合層面とを貼り合わせた。次いで、貼り合わせた接合層付剥離シートの剥離シートを剥離して露出した接合層面と、もう1枚のガスバリアフィルム18のガスバリア層面とを貼り合わせた後、両面の工程シートを剥離し、ガスバリアフィルム18が2枚積層してなるガスバリアフィルム積層体1を作製した。
ガスバリアフィルム18の代わりに、実施例11~16で得たガスバリアフィルム19~24を用いたことを除き、実施例17と同様にしてガスバリアフィルム積層体2~7を作製した。
ガスバリアフィルム18の代わりに、比較例1~3、7で得たガスバリアフィルム10~12、16を用いたことを除き、実施例17と同様にしてガスバリアフィルム積層体8~11を作製した。
実施例17で得たガスバリアフィルム積層体1を2枚用意し、1枚のガスバリアフィルム積層体1の硬化樹脂層面と、製造例9で得た接合層付剥離シートの接合層面とを貼り合せた。
さらに、貼り合せた接合層付剥離シートの剥離シートを剥離して露出した接合層面と、もう1枚のガスバリアフィルム積層体1の硬化樹脂層面とを貼り合せることにより、ガスバリアフィルム積層体1を2枚(すなわち、ガスバリアフィルム18を4枚)貼合してなるガスバリアフィルム積層体12を作製した。
ガスバリアフィルム積層体1の代わりに、実施例22、23で得たガスバリアフィルム積層体6、7を用いたことを除き、実施例24と同様にして、ガスバリアフィルム積層体13、14を作製した。
実施例17~26及び比較例9~12で得たガスバリアフィルム積層体1~14について、上記と同様の方法により、水蒸気透過率を測定した。測定結果を第7表、第8表に示す。
実施例17~26及び比較例9~12で得たガスバリアフィルム積層体1~14の光学等方性を、用いた硬化樹脂層またはフィルムの複屈折率から評価した。
硬化樹脂層またはフィルムの複屈折率が、20×10-5未満のガスバリアフィルム積層体を「○」と評価し、20×10-5以上のガスバリアフィルム積層体を「×」と評価した。評価結果を第7表、第8表に示す。
実施例17~26及び比較例9~12で得たガスバリアフィルム積層体1~14を幅4.5mmに裁断して、それぞれ測定用サンプルを得た。
熱機械分析装置(マック・サイエンス社製、TMA4000S)に測定用サンプルをチャック間距離が15mmになるように固定した。次いで、-2gfの一定荷重(引張方向に2gfの荷重)をかけながら、雰囲気温度を23℃から150℃まで、昇温速度5℃/分で昇温し、そのまま150℃で30分間保持した。このときの元の長さ(15mm)に対する縮み量の割合(収縮率)を求め、収縮率が0.5%未満の場合を耐熱性が「○」、収縮率が0.5%超の場合を耐熱性が「×」と評価した。評価結果を第7表、第8表に示す。
実施例17~23で得たガスバリアフィルム積層体1~7、実施例24~26で得たガスバリアフィルム積層体12~14は、耐熱性に優れ、水蒸気透過率が極めて低い。
一方、比較例9、10のガスバリアフィルム積層体8、9は耐熱性に劣る。また、比較例11、12のガスバリアフィルム積層体11、12は、複屈折率が大きいフィルムを用いて得られたガスバリアフィルムを貼合したものであり、光学等方性に劣るものである。
2,2a,2b,2c,2d,2’,2”・・・ガスバリア層
3,3a,3b,3c・・・接合層
4・・・剥離シート
10,10a,10b,10c,20・・・ガスバリアフィルム
30,30a,30b,40,40a,40b,50,50a,50b,60,70,80,90,100,110,120・・・ガスバリアフィルム積層体
130・・・接合層付剥離シート
140・・・接合層付ガスバリアフィルム
Claims (17)
- 硬化樹脂層と、該硬化樹脂層の少なくとも片面にガスバリア層を有するガスバリアフィルムであって、
前記硬化樹脂層が、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が140℃以上の熱可塑性樹脂(A)、及び硬化性単量体(B)を含有する硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物からなる層であり、
ガスバリアフィルムの水蒸気透過率が、40℃、相対湿度90%雰囲気下で1g/m2/day以下であるガスバリアフィルム。 - 熱可塑性樹脂(A)が非晶性熱可塑性樹脂である、請求項1に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
- 熱可塑性樹脂(A)が芳香族環構造又は脂環式構造を有するものである、請求項1に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
- 熱可塑性樹脂(A)が、ポリスルホン系樹脂、ポリアリレート系樹脂、ポリカーボネート系樹脂、及び脂環式炭化水素系樹脂からなる群から選択される熱可塑性樹脂である、請求項1に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
- 硬化性単量体(B)の少なくとも一種が、多官能(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体である、請求項1に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
- 前記硬化性樹脂組成物中の、熱可塑性樹脂(A)と硬化性単量体(B)の含有量が、熱可塑性樹脂(A)と硬化性単量体(B)の質量比で、熱可塑性樹脂(A):硬化性単量体(B)=30:70~90:10である、請求項1に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
- 前記硬化樹脂層がゲル分率が90%以上の層である、請求項1に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
- 前記ガスバリア層が、ケイ素含有高分子化合物を含む層に、イオンが注入されて形成された層である、請求項1に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
- 前記ケイ素含有高分子化合物がポリシラザンである、請求項8に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
- 前記ガスバリア層が無機膜からなる層である、請求項1に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
- 工程シートを有するものである、請求項1に記載のガスバリアフィルム。
- 請求項1~11のいずれかに記載のガスバリアフィルムの製造方法であって、以下の工程1~3を有するガスバリアフィルムの製造方法。
工程1:工程シート上に、ガラス転移温度(Tg)が140℃以上の熱可塑性樹脂(A)、及び硬化性単量体(B)を含有する硬化性樹脂組成物からなる硬化性樹脂層を形成する工程
工程2:工程1で得られた硬化性樹脂層を硬化させて、硬化樹脂層を形成する工程
工程3:工程2で得られた硬化樹脂層上に、ガスバリア層を形成する工程 - 請求項1~11のいずれかに記載のガスバリアフィルムが、接合層を介して2枚以上積層されてなるガスバリアフィルム積層体。
- 前記2枚以上のガスバリアフィルムの硬化樹脂層の厚みが、いずれも、0.5~10μmである、請求項13に記載のガスバリアフィルム積層体。
- 請求項1~11のいずれかに記載のガスバリアフィルムからなる電子デバイス用部材。
- 請求項13又は14に記載のガスバリアフィルム積層体からなる電子デバイス用部材。
- 請求項15又は16に記載の電子デバイス用部材を備える電子デバイス。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5988989B2 (ja) | 2016-09-07 |
KR20200006168A (ko) | 2020-01-17 |
EP2774755A1 (en) | 2014-09-10 |
EP3636432B1 (en) | 2022-07-13 |
EP2774755A4 (en) | 2015-05-27 |
CN104066576A (zh) | 2014-09-24 |
KR20140079803A (ko) | 2014-06-27 |
KR102168722B1 (ko) | 2020-10-22 |
EP2774755B1 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
US20140308494A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
EP3636432A1 (en) | 2020-04-15 |
CN107953623A (zh) | 2018-04-24 |
KR102064143B1 (ko) | 2020-01-08 |
TWI564150B (zh) | 2017-01-01 |
TW201332764A (zh) | 2013-08-16 |
JPWO2013065812A1 (ja) | 2015-04-02 |
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