WO2012017680A1 - 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 - Google Patents
有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012017680A1 WO2012017680A1 PCT/JP2011/004458 JP2011004458W WO2012017680A1 WO 2012017680 A1 WO2012017680 A1 WO 2012017680A1 JP 2011004458 W JP2011004458 W JP 2011004458W WO 2012017680 A1 WO2012017680 A1 WO 2012017680A1
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- unsubstituted
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- carbon atoms
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 77
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001615 alkaline earth metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 87
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 71
- -1 anthracene derivative compound Chemical class 0.000 description 68
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 67
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 66
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 59
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 39
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 26
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 24
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 24
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 23
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 21
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 21
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 17
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 14
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical class C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000001454 anthracenes Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- KHNYNFUTFKJLDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzo[j]fluoranthene Chemical group C1=CC(C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 KHNYNFUTFKJLDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000002944 cyanoaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-bromosuccinimide Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000003914 fluoranthenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C1=C23)* 0.000 description 6
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000005577 anthracene group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- JZOIZKBKSZMVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo(a)triphenylene Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C21 JZOIZKBKSZMVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- ZXHUJRZYLRVVNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran-4-ylboronic acid Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2OC2=C1C=CC=C2B(O)O ZXHUJRZYLRVVNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical class C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000005581 pyrene group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- KHAQDKRKHAODGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [6-[3-(4-cyanophenyl)phenyl]naphthalen-2-yl] trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC2=CC(OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)=CC=C2C=C1C(C=1)=CC=CC=1C1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 KHAQDKRKHAODGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000005578 chrysene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000005509 dibenzothiophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CEBAHYWORUOILU-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-cyanophenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 CEBAHYWORUOILU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNJANQMHRGSHFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)boronic acid Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=CC2=CC(B(O)O)=CC=C21 SNJANQMHRGSHFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SLCBWAMHUMNRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-dibromo-3,8-dinaphthalen-2-ylpyrene Chemical compound C12=CC=C3C(Br)=CC(C=4C=C5C=CC=CC5=CC=4)=C(C=C4)C3=C2C4=C(Br)C=C1C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1 SLCBWAMHUMNRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PGOATKHEICHBOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-dinaphthalen-2-ylpyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C3=C4C=CC5=CC=C(C6=CC=C(C4=C56)C=C3)C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3)=CC=C21 PGOATKHEICHBOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YRPIGRRBBMFFBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-bromophenyl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 YRPIGRRBBMFFBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NVDQCFAMTMTVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-benzo[g]chryseneboronic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(B(O)O)=CC3=C(C=CC=C4)C4=C(C=CC=C4)C4=C3C2=C1 NVDQCFAMTMTVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JSPDOBDMLKKAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,8-bis(9,9-dimethylfluoren-2-yl)pyren-1-yl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)OB1C(C1=CC=C23)=CC(C=4C=C5C(C)(C)C6=CC=CC=C6C5=CC=4)=C(C=C4)C1=C2C4=CC=C3C1=CC=C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C2(C)C)C2=C1 JSPDOBDMLKKAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZGHLPFNAHBELBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-bromophenyl)benzonitrile Chemical group BrC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1 ZGHLPFNAHBELBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWASOETXDXXYMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-(4-naphthalen-1-ylphenyl)anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C3=CC=C(C=C3)C=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=CC2=C1 ZWASOETXDXXYMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AEIPFESDNDUXNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-bromo-10-(4-naphthalen-1-ylphenyl)anthracene Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C(Br)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=C(C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 AEIPFESDNDUXNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OFXAVYZQVCXGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [10-(4-naphthalen-1-ylphenyl)anthracen-9-yl]boronic acid Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C(B(O)O)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=C(C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 OFXAVYZQVCXGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005103 alkyl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium butane Chemical compound [Li+].CCC[CH2-] DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001792 phenanthrenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC12)* 0.000 description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003220 pyrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XDBHWPLGGBLUHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-cyanophenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC(C#N)=C1 XDBHWPLGGBLUHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ADHOMKHHOMRGBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-bromobenzo[g]chrysene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(Br)=CC3=C(C=CC=C4)C4=C(C=CC=C4)C4=C3C2=C1 ADHOMKHHOMRGBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GNXASBZBHQVMIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenanthren-9-ylbenzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C12 GNXASBZBHQVMIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZGFNNKFDFLYWQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-bromophenyl)benzonitrile Chemical group BrC1=CC=CC(C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C#N)=C1 ZGFNNKFDFLYWQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLHZAXXAAPHWKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-1,6-bis(9,9-dimethylfluoren-2-yl)pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)(C)C3=CC(C4=C5C=CC6=CC=C(C7=CC=C(C5=C67)C(Br)=C4)C4=CC=C5C6=CC=CC=C6C(C5=C4)(C)C)=CC=C3C2=C1 YLHZAXXAAPHWKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005104 aryl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000499 benzofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron tribromide Chemical compound BrB(Br)Br ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002676 chrysenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=C4C=CC=CC4=C3C=CC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010893 electron trap Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005567 fluorenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BGTFRFFRQKBWLS-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;quinolin-2-olate Chemical compound [Li+].C1=CC=CC2=NC([O-])=CC=C21 BGTFRFFRQKBWLS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004957 naphthylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOUWOGOTHLRRLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;phosphane Chemical compound P.[Pd] ZOUWOGOTHLRRLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical group C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005838 radical anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001935 tetracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003960 triphenylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C12)* 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C07C255/51—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton to carbon atoms of non-condensed six-membered aromatic rings containing at least two cyano groups bound to the carbon skeleton
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an organic electroluminescence element.
- an organic electroluminescence (EL) element using an organic substance is expected to be used as an inexpensive large-area full-color display element of a solid light emitting type and has been developed in many ways.
- an organic EL element is composed of a light emitting layer and a pair of counter electrodes formed by sandwiching the light emitting layer. In light emission, when an electric field is applied between both electrodes, electrons are injected from the cathode side and holes are injected from the anode side, and the electrons recombine with holes in the light emitting layer to generate an excited state. When returning to the ground state, energy is emitted as light.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose materials for organic electroluminescence elements aimed at improving these.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a material having an anthracene skeleton and an imidazole skeleton as an electron injecting and transporting material that can greatly improve the lifetime and efficiency of the element.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative having a specific imidazole skeleton as an electron transport material capable of improving the light emission efficiency even at a low voltage.
- the conventional electron transport material uses a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative to improve the performance of the organic EL element.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that an organic layer contains an anthracene derivative compound and an ionic metal complex, or two different types of anthracene derivative compounds in order to improve the efficiency characteristics of the lifetime, luminance and power consumption of the organic light emitting device.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a compound having a benzofluoranthene skeleton for use as a dopant material for a light emitting layer.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient and long-life organic EL element.
- the present inventors can obtain excellent effects (low voltage, high efficiency, long life) when an aromatic hydrocarbon material having a cyano group is used as an electron transport material of an organic EL device. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose materials that essentially include a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic substituent represented by an imidazole skeleton, or It is disclosed that a mixed layer of an aromatic hydrocarbon compound and a metal complex or the like is used as an electron transport material.
- a material having a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic substituent typified by an imidazole skeleton exhibits excellent electron injection / transport properties, but the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic substituent is considered to have insufficient hole resistance.
- a material that does not have a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative is considered to increase the driving voltage with a single material, and it is necessary to use a metal complex or the like together, and an electron injection / transport layer is formed by using multiple materials together If so, the manufacturing process becomes complicated. Therefore, a material that can form the electron injection / transport layer with a single material, which can be further simplified, has been desired.
- an organic EL device having a low voltage, high efficiency, and long life can be obtained by using an electron transport material having a cyano group and an aromatic ring group.
- the following organic EL elements are provided.
- An anode, a light emitting layer, an electron transport zone and a cathode are provided in this order, The organic electroluminescent element in which the electron transport zone includes an electron transport material having a cyano group and an aromatic ring group.
- the electron transport material is an electron transport material having a cyano group and an aromatic monocyclic group and / or an aromatic condensed ring group.
- 3. The organic electroluminescence device according to 1 or 2, wherein the electron transport material is represented by the following formula (ET).
- L 1 is a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted a + 1-valent aromatic ring group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms.
- Ar 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted 1 + b valent aromatic ring group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms.
- a, b and c are each an integer of 1 to 3.
- A represents the following formulas (A-1) to (A-12) (In the formulas (A-1) to (A-12), R 1 to R 12 , R 21 to R 30 , R 31 to R 40 , R 41 to R 50 , R 51 to R 60 , R 61 to R 72 , R 73 to R 86 , R 87 to R 94 , R 95 C to R 104 , R 105 to R 114 , R 115 to R 124 or R 125 to R 134 are bonded to L 1 by a single bond, and R 1 to R 12 , R 21 to R other than a single bond are bonded.
- R 31 to R 40 , R 41 to R 50 , R 51 to R 60 , R 61 to R 72 , R 73 to R 86 , R 87 to R 94 , R 95 to R 104 , R 105 to R 114 , R 115 to R 124 or R 125 to R 134 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted ring carbon number having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Cycloalk Group a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted ring aryl group having 6 to 50, by bonding respective groups adjacent to form a ring.
- a condensed aromatic ring group selected from the group consisting of: ] 4).
- the reducing dopant is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, alkali metal oxide, alkali metal halide, alkaline earth metal oxide, alkaline earth metal halide, rare earth metal oxide. 9.
- E aromatic ring group represented by the following formula (ET).
- L 1 is a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted a + 1-valent aromatic ring group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms.
- Ar 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted 1 + b valent aromatic ring group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms.
- a, b and c are each an integer of 1 to 3.
- A represents the following formulas (A-1) to (A-12) (In the formulas (A-1) to (A-12), R 1 to R 12 , R 21 to R 30 , R 31 to R 40 , R 41 to R 50 , R 51 to R 60 , R 61 to R 72 , R 73 to R 86 , R 87 to R 94 , R 95 C to R 104 , R 105 to R 114 , R 115 to R 124 or R 125 to R 134 are bonded to L 1 by a single bond, and R 1 to R 12 , R 21 to R other than a single bond are bonded.
- R 31 to R 40 , R 41 to R 50 , R 51 to R 60 , R 61 to R 72 , R 73 to R 86 , R 87 to R 94 , R 95 to R 104 , R 105 to R 114 , R 115 to R 124 or R 125 to R 134 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted ring carbon number having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Cycloalk Group a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted ring aryl group having 6 to 50, by bonding respective groups adjacent to form a ring.
- a condensed aromatic ring group selected from the group consisting of: ]
- an organic EL element having a low voltage, high efficiency, and long life is provided.
- the organic EL device of the present invention includes at least an anode 10, a light emitting layer 20, an electron transport zone 30 and a cathode 40 in this order, and the electron transport zone 30 includes an electron transport material having a cyano group and an aromatic ring group. Yes ( Figure 1).
- the organic EL device of the present invention may further have a hole transport zone 50 and other layers between the anode 10 and the light emitting layer 20 as required (FIG. 1).
- the “aromatic ring group” of the electron transport material included in the electron transport band of the organic EL device of the present invention contains an oxygen atom and / or a sulfur atom. It is a group composed of a single ring or a plurality of rings (condensed rings) exhibiting good aromaticity.
- the “aromatic ring group” includes both an aromatic monocyclic group and an aromatic condensed ring group.
- the electron transport material of the present invention does not contain a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group as a substituent of the above “aromatic ring group” from the viewpoint of the low voltage, high efficiency and long life of the present invention.
- the aromatic monocyclic group is a group formed by connecting one or more ring structures having no fused ring structure.
- the aromatic fused ring group is a group having a structure in which two or more ring structures are condensed.
- the number of ring-forming atoms of the aromatic monocyclic group is preferably 5 to 50 (preferably 5 to 30, more preferably 5 to 20), and the number of ring-forming atoms of the aromatic condensed ring group is 8 to 50 (preferably 8 to 30, more preferably 8 to 20) is preferable.
- aromatic monocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms examples include a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.
- An aryl group such as a quarterphenyl group and a heterocyclic group such as a furyl group and a thienyl group are preferable.
- an aryl group is preferable, and a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group are particularly preferable.
- aromatic condensed ring group having 8 to 50 ring atoms include naphthyl group, phenanthryl group, anthryl group , Chrysenyl group, benzoanthryl group, benzophenanthryl group, triphenylenyl group, benzocrisenyl group, indenyl group, fluorenyl group, 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl group, benzofluorenyl group, dibenzofluorenyl group, full Examples thereof include condensed aryl groups such as olanthenyl group, benzofluoranthenyl group and pyrenyl group, and condensed heterocyclic groups such as benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group and dibenzothiophenyl group.
- aromatic condensed ring groups in particular, naphthyl group, phenanthryl group, anthryl group, 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, benzoanthryl group, pyrenyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl Groups are preferred.
- the aromatic ring group of the electron transport material in the present invention may be composed of an aromatic monocyclic group and an aromatic monocyclic group, or may be composed of an aromatic monocyclic group and an aromatic condensed ring group. It may be composed of an aromatic condensed ring group and an aromatic condensed ring group.
- the electron transport material of the present invention is preferably a compound represented by the following formulas (1) to (12).
- a, b and c are each an integer of 1 to 3, preferably any one of a and c is 1.
- b is 1.
- C of R 1 to R 12 are bonded to L 1 by a single bond, and preferably R 3 or R 4 is bonded to L 1 by a single bond.
- R 1 to R 12 other than a single bond are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 ring carbon atoms.
- a group, a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms, or adjacent groups are bonded to form a ring.
- L 1 is a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted a + 1-valent aromatic ring group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms.
- Ar 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted 1 + b valent aromatic ring group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms.
- the benzofluoranthene skeletons in parentheses may be the same or different, and R 1 to R 12 bonded to L 1 may be the same or different.
- R 1 to R 12 bonded to L 1 may be the same or different.
- L 1 and cyanoaryl (Ar 1- (CN) b ) in parentheses may be the same or different.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) is a compound having a benzofluoranthene skeleton and a cyano group at the same time.
- the benzofluoranthene skeleton has high planarity, and molecules are superposed on each other. Therefore, it is considered that the benzofluoranthene skeleton has high charge transport properties.
- the benzofluoranthene skeleton has high charge durability and can be expected to have an improved lifetime.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) having a benzofluoranthene skeleton is: For example, since it has excellent hole resistance even compared with an imidazole skeleton, it is considered that deterioration of the element can be prevented.
- R 7 and R 12 are each an unsubstituted phenyl group. It is considered that the planarity of the benzofluoranthene skeleton can be improved when R 7 and R 12 are each an unsubstituted phenyl group. In the compound represented by the formula (1) with improved planarity, the overlap between molecules increases, the distance between molecules can be shortened, and the charge transport property can be improved.
- halogen atom for R 1 to R 12 include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and the like, preferably a fluorine atom.
- Examples of the alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms) of R 1 to R 12 include an ethyl group, a methyl group, an i-propyl group, and an n-propyl group. , S-butyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group and the like.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 ring carbon atoms (preferably 3 to 6 ring carbon atoms) of R 1 to R 12 include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a 4-methylcyclohexyl group, and the like. Is mentioned.
- the substituted silyl group of R 1 to R 12 includes an alkylsilyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms and an arylsilyl group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms.
- alkylsilyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms preferably 3 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 10 carbon atoms
- examples of the alkylsilyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms include trimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl group, t-butyldimethylsilyl group, vinyldimethylsilyl group, Examples thereof include a propyldimethylsilyl group.
- Examples of the arylsilyl group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms include triphenylsilyl group, phenyldimethylsilyl group, t-butyldiphenylsilyl group, tolylsilylsilyl group, trixylsilyl group, and trinaphthylsilyl group.
- Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 20 ring carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 12 ring carbon atoms) of R 1 to R 12 include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthryl group, Biphenyl group, terphenyl group, anthryl group, chrycenyl group, benzophenanthryl group, benzanthryl group, benzocricenyl group, fluorenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, naphthacenyl group and the like can be mentioned.
- a group consisting of a combination of aryl groups described herein such as a phenylnaphthyl group and a phenylnaphthylphenyl group is also preferable.
- Examples of the a + 1 valent aromatic ring group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 20 ring carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 12 ring carbon atoms) of L 1 include a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, and phenanthrylene. Group, biphenylene group, terphenylene group, quarterphenylene group, anthrylene group, pentacenylene group, peryleneylene group, picenylene group, pyrenylene group, pentaphenylene group, fluorenylene group, chrysenylene group, etc.
- a residue corresponding to a group consisting of a combination of aryl groups described herein such as a residue corresponding to a phenylnaphthyl group or a phenylnaphthylphenyl group, is also preferable.
- Examples of the 1 + b valent aromatic ring group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms of Ar 1 include residues corresponding to the same specific examples as in the above R 1 to R 12 , preferably a phenyl group or a naphthyl group. The corresponding residue.
- the substituent includes an alkyl group, an alkylsilyl group, a halogenated alkyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, and an alkoxy group. And a heterocyclic group not containing a nitrogen atom, an aralkyl group, an aryloxy group, an arylthio group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, and the like, preferably an aryl group. Specific examples of the substituent are the same as the specific examples described above.
- unsubstituted means that a hydrogen atom is substituted.
- the hydrogen atom of the compound of the formula (1) includes light hydrogen and deuterium.
- ring-forming carbon means carbon atoms constituting a saturated ring, an unsaturated ring, or an aromatic ring.
- Ring-forming atom means a carbon atom and a hetero atom constituting a ring (including a saturated ring, an unsaturated ring, and an aromatic ring).
- the compound having a cyano group and an aromatic ring group used in the present invention is an electron transport material compound.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) having a benzofluoranthene skeleton can be suitably used as a triplet energy barrier material for the reason described later.
- the benzofluoranthene skeleton generally has a triplet energy higher than that of an anthracene skeleton used as a fluorescent blue material, and has a higher confinement effect of triplet excitons.
- a barrier layer in contact with a light emitting layer of an organic EL element It is considered that the TTF (triplet-triplet fusion) phenomenon can be promoted by using as a material of the above.
- the benzofluoranthene skeleton is characterized by improved molecular stacking in the thin film due to its high planarity and increased electron transport properties, thus facilitating electron injection into the light emitting layer. It is considered that the recombination efficiency in the layer can be increased and the TTF phenomenon can be efficiently caused.
- the compound having a cyano group and an aromatic ring group used in the present invention is represented by the following formulas (2) to (12) in addition to the compound represented by the formula (1) having the benzofluoranthene skeleton described above.
- a compound having a structure is also preferred.
- a, b, c, L 1 and Ar 1 are as described in the above formula (1).
- R 21 to R 30 , R 31 to R 40 , R 41 to R 50 , R 51 to R 60 , R 61 to R 72 , R 73 to R 86 , R 87 to R 94 , R 95 to R 104 , R 105 ⁇ R 114 , R 115 ⁇ R 124 and R 125 ⁇ R 134 are the same as R 1 ⁇ R 12 in the above formula (1).
- Compound having anthracene skeleton In the compound represented by the above formula (2), it preferably binds to L 1 at 1 to 3 positions out of R 22 , R 23 , R 26 , R 27 , R 29 , R 30 , and more preferably R 29 , R 30 is bound to L 1 at one or both.
- the anthracene skeletons in parentheses may be the same or different, and when c is 2 or more, L 1 and cyanoaryl (Ar 1- (CN) b ) in parentheses May be the same or different.
- Compound having pyrene skeleton In the compound represented by the formula (3), preferably binds to L 1 in the 1-3 positions of R 31, R 33, R 36 , R 38, more preferably, R 31, R 33, R 36 , R 38 are bonded to L 1 at one or two positions.
- the pyrene skeletons in parentheses may be the same or different, and when c is 2 or more, L 1 and cyanoaryl in parentheses (Ar 1- (CN) b ) May be the same or different.
- Compound having fluoranthene skeleton In the compound represented by the above formula (4), it preferably binds to L 1 at 1 to 2 positions out of R 43 , R 44 , R 47 , R 48 , R 49 , R 50 , and more preferably R 43 , R 44 is bonded to L 1 .
- the fluoranthene skeletons in parentheses may be the same or different, and when c is 2 or more, L 1 and cyanoaryl (Ar 1- (CN) b ) in parentheses May be the same or different.
- Compound having chrysene skeleton In the compound represented by the above formula (6), it preferably binds to L 1 at one or both of R 65 and R 71 .
- the chrysene skeletons in parentheses may be the same or different, and when c is 2 or more, L 1 and cyanoaryl in parentheses (Ar 1- (CN) b ) May be the same or different.
- the compound having a chrysene skeleton represented by the above formula (6) is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (7) having a structure in which R 71 and R 72 are bonded to each other to form a benzene ring.
- R 77 preferably binds to L 1 .
- the benzochrysene skeletons in parentheses may be the same or different, and when c is 2 or more, L 1 and cyanoaryl (Ar 1- (CN) b ) in parentheses May be the same or different.
- Oxygen-containing condensed aromatic ring compound represented by the following formula (9) In the compound represented by the above formula (9), it preferably binds to L 1 at 1 to 3 positions out of R 97 , R 101 and R 104 , and more preferably binds to L 1 at R 104 .
- formula (9) when a is 2 or more, the ladder-type dibenzofuran skeletons in parentheses may be the same or different.
- L 1 and cyanoaryl (Ar 1- (CN) in parentheses B ) may be the same or different.
- Oxygen-containing condensed aromatic ring compound represented by the following formula (10) In the compound represented by the above formula (10), R 108 preferably binds to L 1 .
- formula (10) when a is 2 or more, the ladder-type dibenzofuran skeletons in parentheses may be the same or different.
- L 1 and cyanoaryl (Ar 1- (CN) in parentheses B ) may be the same or different.
- Oxygen-condensed aromatic ring compound represented by the following formula (11) In the compound represented by the above formula (11), it preferably binds to L 1 at 1 to 2 positions out of R 115 , R 117 , R 122 and R 124 , and more preferably any one of R 117 and R 122 Bind to L 1 on one or both.
- the ladder-type dibenzofuran skeletons in parentheses may be the same or different.
- L 1 and cyanoaryl (Ar 1- (CN) in parentheses B ) may be the same or different.
- Oxygen-containing fused aromatic ring compound represented by the following formula (12) In the compound represented by the above formula (12), it preferably binds to L 1 at 1 to 2 positions out of R 125 , R 127 , R 132 and R 134 , and more preferably any one of R 127 and R 132 Bind to L 1 on one or both.
- formula (12) when a is 2 or more, the ladder type dibenzofuran skeletons in parentheses may be the same or different.
- L 1 and cyanoaryl (Ar 1- (CN) in parentheses B ) may be the same or different.
- the compound represented by the above formula (1) is a known compound and can be produced by a known method.
- the compounds represented by the above formulas (2) to (12) can be produced, for example, according to the synthesis examples described later.
- the compound represented by the above formula (ET) is used as an electron transport material, but the compound represented by the above formula (ET) is widely used as an electron in the organic electroluminescence device. It can also be used as various materials including transport materials.
- the barrier layer, electron injection layer, or electron transport layer (both electron transport zones) containing a compound having a cyano group and an aromatic ring group used in the present invention preferably further contains a reducing dopant.
- the reducing dopant include donor metals, donor metal compounds, and donor metal complexes. These reducing dopants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the reducing dopant is a material that donates electrons (referred to as an electron donating material).
- This electron-donating material is an organic material that forms, together with the electron-donating material, another organic material included in the barrier layer, the electron injection layer, or the electron transport layer, or a layer adjacent to the barrier layer, the electron injection layer, or the electron transport layer.
- the donor metal means a metal having a work function of 3.8 eV or less, preferably an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or a rare earth metal, and more preferably Cs, Li, Na, Sr, K, Mg, Ca, Ba. , Yb, Eu and Ce.
- the donor metal compound is a compound containing the above donor metal, preferably a compound containing an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a rare earth metal, and more preferably a halide, oxide or carbonic acid of these metals. Salt, borate.
- MOx M is a donor metal
- x is 0.5 to 1.5
- MFx x is 1 to 3
- the donor metal complex is a complex of the above-described donor metal, and preferably an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or rare earth metal organometallic complex.
- An organometallic complex represented by the following formula (I) is preferable.
- M is a donor metal
- Q is a ligand, preferably a carboxylic acid derivative, diketone derivative or quinoline derivative, and n is an integer of 1 to 4.
- the donor metal complex examples include a tungsten turbine described in JP-A-2005-72012. Further, phthalocyanine compounds whose central metals are alkali metals and alkaline earth metals described in JP-A-11-345687 can also be used as donor metal complexes.
- the reducing dopant is preferably an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, alkali metal oxide, alkali metal halide, alkaline earth metal oxide, alkaline earth metal halide, rare earth metal
- alkali metal preferably an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, alkali metal oxide, alkali metal halide, alkaline earth metal oxide, alkaline earth metal halide, rare earth metal
- oxides, rare earth metal halides, alkali metal organic complexes, alkaline earth metal organic complexes and rare earth metal organic complexes more preferably alkali metal It is an 8-quinolinol complex.
- a low work function metal-containing layer may be provided between the electron transport zone and the cathode.
- the low work function metal-containing layer is a layer containing a low work function metal or a low work function metal compound. Even if it is formed of only a low work function metal or a low work metal compound, it is formed by adding a low work function metal, a low work function metal compound, or a low work function metal complex as a donor to the material used for the electron transport layer. May be.
- a low work function metal means a metal having a work function of 3.8 eV or less. Examples of the metal having a low work function of 3.8 eV or less include alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. Examples of the alkali metal include Li, Na, K, and Cs.
- alkaline earth metal examples include Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba. Other examples include Yb, Eu and Ce.
- the oxide, halide, carbonate, borate of a low work metal function is preferable.
- Halides include fluoride, chloride and bromide, with fluoride being preferred.
- LiF is preferably used.
- the low work function metal complex is a low work function metal complex, and an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or rare earth metal organometallic complex is preferable.
- the light emitting layer of the organic EL device of the present invention preferably contains at least one anthracene derivative represented by the following formula (4) or a pyrene derivative represented by the following formula (5) as a host.
- the anthracene derivative represented by the formula (4) is the following compound.
- Ar 11 and Ar 12 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic monocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic condensed ring group having 8 to 50 ring atoms, Or it is group comprised from the combination of an aromatic monocyclic group and an aromatic condensed ring group.
- R 101 to R 108 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic monocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic condensed ring having 8 to 50 ring atoms.
- the aromatic monocyclic group is a group composed only of a ring structure having no condensed structure.
- an aromatic monocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms (preferably 5 to 30 ring atoms, more preferably 5 to 20 ring atoms) is the same as the above “aromatic ring group”
- a heterocyclic group such as pyridyl group, pyrazyl group, pyrimidyl group, triazinyl group, furyl group, thienyl group, and the like.
- a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group are preferable.
- the aromatic condensed ring group is a group in which two or more ring structures are condensed.
- Specific examples of the aromatic condensed ring group having 8 to 50 ring atoms (preferably 8 to 30 ring atoms, more preferably 8 to 20 ring atoms) include the above “aromatic ring group”.
- the same condensed aryl groups and condensed heterocyclic groups such as benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, indolyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, carbazolyl group, quinolyl group, phenanthrolinyl group and the like are preferable.
- naphthyl group phenanthryl group, anthryl group, 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, benzoanthryl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, and carbazolyl group are preferable.
- alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms is a group represented by —OY
- examples of Y include the same examples as the alkyl group of formula (1).
- the aryloxy group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms is a group represented by —OAr
- examples of Ar are the same as the aryl group of formula (1).
- the aralkyl group having 7 to 50 carbon atoms is represented as —Y—Z.
- Examples of Y include alkylene examples corresponding to the above alkyl examples, and examples of Z include the aryl groups described above.
- the aralkyl group has 7 to 50 carbon atoms (the aryl moiety has 6 to 49 carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 30, more preferably 6 to 20, particularly preferably 6 to 12), and the alkyl moiety has 1 to 44 carbon atoms. (Preferably 1-30, more preferably 1-20, still more preferably 1-10, particularly preferably 1-6)), for example, benzyl group, phenylethyl group, 2-phenylpropane-2- It is an yl group.
- substituents of “substituted or unsubstituted” in Ar 11 , Ar 12 , R 101 to R 108 an aromatic monocyclic group, an aromatic condensed ring group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a silyl group, an alkoxy group, A cyano group and a halogen atom (especially fluorine) are preferable, and an aromatic monocyclic group and an aromatic condensed ring group are particularly preferable.
- Preferred specific substituents are each group of the above formula (4) and the above formula. This is the same as each group in (1).
- the anthracene derivative represented by the formula (4) is preferably any of the following anthracene derivatives (A), (B), and (C), and is selected according to the configuration of the organic EL element to be applied and the required characteristics. .
- Ar 11 and Ar 12 in the formula (4) are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic condensed ring group having 8 to 50 ring atoms.
- the anthracene derivative can be divided into a case where Ar 11 and Ar 12 are the same substituted or unsubstituted aromatic condensed ring group and a case where they are different substituted or unsubstituted aromatic condensed ring groups.
- Anthracene derivatives which are substituted or unsubstituted aromatic fused ring groups in which Ar 11 and Ar 12 in formula (4) are different (including differences in substitution position) are particularly preferred, and preferred specific examples of the fused ring are as described above. . Of these, naphthyl group, phenanthryl group, benzanthryl group, 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl group, and dibenzofuranyl group are preferable.
- Ar 11 and Ar 12 in the formula (4) are a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic monocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, and the other is a substituted or unsubstituted ring forming atom number. It is an 8-50 aromatic condensed ring group.
- Ar 12 is a naphthyl group, phenanthryl group, benzoanthryl group, 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, and Ar 11 is an aromatic monocyclic group or an aromatic condensed ring group. It is a substituted phenyl group.
- Ar 12 is an aromatic fused ring group
- Ar 11 is an unsubstituted phenyl group.
- the aromatic condensed ring group a phenanthryl group, a 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a benzoanthryl group are particularly preferable.
- Ar 11 and Ar 12 in formula (4) are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic monocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms.
- both Ar 11 and Ar 12 are substituted or unsubstituted phenyl groups.
- Ar 11 is an unsubstituted phenyl group
- Ar 12 is a phenyl group having an aromatic monocyclic group or aromatic condensed ring group as a substituent
- Ar 11 and Ar 12 are each independently Or a phenyl group having an aromatic monocyclic group or an aromatic condensed ring group as a substituent.
- aromatic monocyclic group and aromatic condensed ring group as the substituent are as described above. More preferably, the aromatic monocyclic group as a substituent is a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, the aromatic condensed ring group is a naphthyl group, a phenanthryl group, a 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a benzoan It is a tolyl group.
- the pyrene derivative represented by the formula (5) is the following compound.
- Ar 111 and Ar 222 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms.
- L 101 and L 102 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aryl group or heterocyclic group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms.
- m is an integer from 0 to 1
- p is an integer from 1 to 4
- s is an integer from 0 to 1
- t is an integer from 0 to 3.
- L 101 or Ar 111 is bonded to any one of the 1 to 5 positions of pyrene
- L 102 or Ar 222 is bonded to any of the 6 to 10 positions of pyrene.
- L 101 and L 102 in Formula (5) are preferably a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted terphenylene group, and a substituted or unsubstituted group. It is a divalent aryl group composed of a substituted fluorenylene group and a combination of these substituents. Further, this substituent is the same as the substituent in “substituted or unsubstituted...” In the formula (1).
- the substituent of L 101 and L 102 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- M in the general formula (5) is preferably an integer of 0 to 1.
- N in the general formula (5) is preferably an integer of 1 to 2.
- s is preferably an integer of 0 to 1.
- T in the general formula (5) is preferably an integer of 0 to 2.
- the aryl group of Ar 111 and Ar 222 is the same as each group in the formula (1).
- a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 20 ring carbon atoms more preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 16 ring carbon atoms, and preferred specific examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group. Naphthyl group, phenanthryl group, fluorenyl group, biphenyl group, anthryl group, pyrenyl group.
- the light emitting layer containing the anthracene derivative represented by the formula (4) or the pyrene derivative represented by the formula (5) is preferably a barrier layer, an electron injection layer or an electron transport containing the compound represented by the formula (1). It is in contact with the layer.
- the light emitting layer is in contact with the barrier layer containing the compound represented by the formula (1), the electron injection layer, or the electron transport layer, it is considered that the light emission efficiency can be increased by using the TTF phenomenon.
- the light emitting layer may contain a light emitting dopant (phosphorescent dopant and / or fluorescent dopant).
- the fluorescent dopant is a compound that can emit light from singlet excitons. Fluorescent dopants are required from amine compounds, aromatic compounds, chelate complexes such as tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum complex, coumarin derivatives, tetraphenylbutadiene derivatives, bisstyrylarylene derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, etc.
- a compound selected according to the emission color is preferable, a styrylamine compound, a styryldiamine compound, an arylamine compound, an aryldiamine compound, and an aromatic compound are more preferable, and a condensed polycyclic amine derivative and an aromatic compound are further preferable.
- These fluorescent dopants may be used alone or in combination.
- Y represents a substituted or unsubstituted condensed aryl group having 10 to 50 ring carbon atoms.
- Ar 101 and Ar 102 each represent a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 50 ring carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms.
- Y include the above-mentioned condensed aryl groups, preferably a substituted or unsubstituted anthryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted chrysenyl group.
- q is an integer of 1 to 4.
- q is preferably an integer of 1 to 2.
- alkyl group, alkoxy group, aryl group, aryloxy group, and heterocyclic group in the formula (12) include those exemplified above.
- a fluoranthene compound represented by the following formula (13) is preferable.
- X 301 to X 306 and X 308 to X 311 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted ring atom number of 5;
- X 307 and X 312 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted carbon It is selected from alkyl groups having 1 to 20 and substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 8 ring carbon atoms.
- X303 and X304 are mutually different substituents.
- adjacent substituents may be bonded to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated cyclic structure, and these cyclic structures may be substituted.
- X 303 or X 304 in formula (13) is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring carbon atoms. Further, a preferred substituent of “substituted or unsubstituted” in formula (13) is a cyano group or a halogen atom.
- WO2008 / 023759A1 WO2008 / 023759A1
- WO2009 / 107596A1 WO2009 / 081857A1
- US2009 / 0243473A1 US2008.
- / 0014464A1 US2009 / 0021160A1, etc. can be appropriately selected and used.
- Example 1 A 25 mm ⁇ 75 mm ⁇ 1.1 mm thick glass substrate with ITO transparent electrode (anode) (manufactured by Geomatic) was ultrasonically cleaned in isopropyl alcohol for 5 minutes, and then UV ozone cleaning was performed for 30 minutes.
- a glass substrate with a transparent electrode line after washing is mounted on a substrate holder of a vacuum deposition apparatus, and first, a compound A-1 having a film thickness of 50 nm is formed so as to cover the transparent electrode on the surface on which the transparent electrode line is formed. A film was formed. Subsequent to the formation of the A-1 film, a compound A-2 film having a film thickness of 45 nm was formed on the A-1 film.
- a compound BH-1 and a compound BD-1 were formed in a film thickness ratio of 20: 1 with a film thickness of 25 nm to form a blue light emitting layer.
- ET 1-01 was deposited as an electron transport layer with a film thickness of 25 nm by vapor deposition. Thereafter, LiF was formed to a thickness of 1 nm.
- metal Al was deposited to a thickness of 150 nm to form a metal cathode to manufacture an organic EL device. The driving voltage, current efficiency and half life of the manufactured organic EL device were measured and evaluated by the following methods. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Examples 2 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 An organic EL device was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound shown in Table 1 was used instead of ET 1-01 as the material for the electron transport layer. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Cyano groups especially when introduced into nitrogen-containing heterocycles, have strong electron trapping properties and prevent electron transport, so they have been known as substituents that greatly increase the driving voltage. It was found that when a group was introduced, the cyano group worked as an electron injection site, did not hinder electron transport, realized a low driving voltage, and had a long lifetime. Moreover, since the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative with poor hole resistance is not used, the durability against holes is remarkably improved and the lifetime is considered to be extended.
- Example 10 A 25 mm ⁇ 75 mm ⁇ 1.1 mm thick glass substrate with ITO transparent electrode (anode) (manufactured by Geomatic) was ultrasonically cleaned in isopropyl alcohol for 5 minutes, and then UV ozone cleaning was performed for 30 minutes.
- a glass substrate with a transparent electrode line after washing is mounted on a substrate holder of a vacuum deposition apparatus, and first, a compound A-1 having a film thickness of 50 nm is formed so as to cover the transparent electrode on the surface on which the transparent electrode line is formed. A film was formed.
- a compound A-2 film having a thickness of 45 nm was formed on this A-1 film.
- a compound BH-1 and a compound BD-1 were formed in a film thickness ratio of 20: 1 with a film thickness of 25 nm to form a blue light emitting layer.
- ET 1-01 and lithium quinolinolate (Liq) were deposited at a film thickness ratio of 1: 1 with a film thickness of 25 nm to form an electron transport layer with a film thickness of 25 nm on the light emitting layer.
- metal Al was deposited by 150 nm to form a metal cathode to form an organic EL device. The driving voltage, current efficiency and half life of the manufactured organic EL device were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Examples 11-18 An organic EL device was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the compound shown in Table 2 was used instead of ET-1 as the material for the electron transport layer. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the electron transport material used in the electron transport zone of the organic EL device of the present invention can produce a low-voltage, high-efficiency and long-life organic EL device as a mixed layer with an alkali metal organic complex. .
- 6-bromo-2-naphthol 5.58 g was dissolved in dehydrated tetrahydrofuran (125 mL), cooled to ⁇ 70 ° C., and a hexane solution of normal butyl lithium (33 mL, 55 mmol) was gradually added over 30 minutes. It was dripped in. After stirring at ⁇ 70 ° C. for 1.5 hours, triisopropyl borate (11.5 mL) was added and stirred at ⁇ 70 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then stirred for 3 hours while gradually returning to room temperature. 2M hydrochloric acid (100 mL) was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours.
- reaction solution was separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate.
- organic layers were combined, washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- the resulting residue was suspended and washed with dichloromethane to obtain 4.02 g (yield 85%) of the desired 6-hydroxynaphthalen-2-ylboronic acid.
- Synthesis was performed in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 2 except that 3-cyanophenylboronic acid was used in place of 4-cyanophenylboronic acid used in Synthesis Example 2, and the target 3′-bromo-3-yl was obtained in a yield of 44%. Cyanobiphenyl was obtained.
- the reaction mixture was acidified with 2M hydrochloric acid, extracted with dichloromethane, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- the obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 5.7 g (yield 90%) of the desired 6- (4′-cyanobiphenyl-3-yl) naphthalen-2-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate.
- the reaction solution was cooled to ⁇ 60 ° C., and a solution of triisopropyl borate (7.72 g) in dehydrated diethyl ether (10 mL) was added dropwise. Stirring was continued for 5 hours while raising the temperature of the reaction solution to room temperature. 10% Aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (50 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hr. The aqueous layer was removed, and the organic layer was washed with water and saturated brine, and then dried over magnesium sulfate. After filtering off magnesium sulfate, the organic layer was concentrated. The obtained solid was washed with hexane to obtain 3.18 g (yield 60%) of the target benzo [g] chrysene-10-boronic acid.
- Trimethyl borate (24.4 g) was added dropwise to the reaction solution, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour, returned to room temperature, and further stirred for 1 hour.
- the reaction solution was acidified with 5M hydrochloric acid (270 mL), extracted with toluene, washed with 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate and 5% brine, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was washed with toluene to obtain 31 g (yield 62%) of the target 10- [4- (1-naphthyl) phenyl] anthracen-9-ylboronic acid.
- the obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography and recrystallized to obtain 23.8 g of a solid mainly composed of the target 1,6-bis (9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl) pyrene. It was.
- the chloroform layer was washed with a saturated aqueous sodium thiosulfate solution and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- the obtained residue was recrystallized from toluene, and the obtained crystal was washed with methanol to give the desired 3-bromo-1,6-bis (9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl) pyrene. 4.9 g of a solid having a main component (purity: 85.6%) was obtained.
- 6- (4′-cyanobiphenyl-3-yl) naphthalen-2-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate (3.63 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 4, 3-fluoranthenylboronic acid (2.17 g), A mixture of tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium (0) (0.28 g), toluene (12 mL), 1,2-dimethoxyethane (12 mL) and 2M aqueous sodium carbonate (12 mL) was heated to reflux for 5 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, water was added, and extraction was performed with dichloromethane.
- Examples 19 to 30 and Comparative Examples 4 to 7 An organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound shown in Table 3 was used instead of ET 1-01 as the electron transport material and the compound shown in Table 3 was used as the dopant. (L / J) and half-life were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 3.
- the aromatic ring group is not limited to a part of the structure, and widely known aromatic ring groups are widely used. It can be seen that it can be used. It can also be seen that various dopants can be used in the light emitting layer.
- the organic EL device comprising the electron transport material of the present invention can be used for a display panel or a lighting panel for a large-sized television where low power consumption is desired.
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Abstract
Description
一般に有機EL素子は、発光層及びこれを挟持してなる一対の対向電極から構成されている。発光は、両電極間に電界が印加されると、陰極側から電子が及び陽極側から正孔が注入され、電子が発光層において正孔と再結合し、励起状態を生成し、励起状態が基底状態に戻る際にエネルギーを光として放出する。
特許文献1には、素子の寿命と効率を大きく向上させることができる電子注入輸送材料として、アントラセン骨格とイミダゾール骨格を有する材料が開示されている。また、特許文献2には、低電圧においても発光効率を向上させることができる電子輸送材料として、特定のイミダゾール骨格を有する含窒素複素環誘導体が開示されている。
特許文献1及び2が開示するように、従来の電子輸送材料は含窒素複素環誘導体を用いることで、有機EL素子の性能を向上させていた。
また、特許文献4は、発光層のドーパント材料としての用途でベンゾフルオランテン骨格を有する化合物が開示されている。
イミダゾール骨格に代表される含窒素複素環置換基を有する材料は優れた電子注入・輸送性を示すが、含窒素複素環置換基は正孔耐性が不十分であると考えられている。また、含窒素複素環誘導体を有しない材料は、材料単体では駆動電圧を上げると考えられ、金属錯体等を併用することが必要であり、複数の材料を併用して電子注入・輸送層を形成する場合は、製造工程が複雑になってしまう。そこで、より簡略化できる、1材料単体で電子注入・輸送層を形成することができる材料が望まれていた。
本発明者らは鋭意研究した結果、シアノ基と芳香族環基を有する電子輸送材料を用いることで、低電圧、高効率、長寿命な有機EL素子が得られることを見出した。
1.陽極、発光層、電子輸送帯域及び陰極をこの順に備え、
前記電子輸送帯域が、シアノ基と芳香族環基を有する電子輸送材料を含む有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
2.前記電子輸送材料が、シアノ基と芳香族単環基及び/又は芳香族縮合環基を有する電子輸送材料である1に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
3.前記電子輸送材料が下記式(ET)で表わされる1又は2に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
L1は、単結合又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のa+1価の芳香族環基である。
Ar1は、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50の1+b価の芳香族環基である。
a,b及びcは、それぞれ1~3の整数である。
Aは、下記式(A-1)~(A-12)
R1~R12、R21~R30、R31~R40、R41~R50、R51~R60、R61~R72、R73~R86、R87~R94、R95~R104、R105~R114、R115~R124又はR125~R134のうちのc個は単結合でL1と結合し、単結合以外のR1~R12、R21~R30、R31~R40、R41~R50、R51~R60、R61~R72、R73~R86、R87~R94、R95~R104、R105~R114、R115~R124又はR125~R134は、それぞれ水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数3~10のシクロアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換のシリル基、又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基であるか、隣接する各基が結合して環を形成する。)からなる群から選択される縮合芳香族環基である。]
4.前記電子輸送材料が、下記式(1)で表わされる3に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
5.R3又はR4が単結合でL1と結合している4に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
6.a=1及びc=1である4又は5に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
7.R7及びR12が、それぞれ無置換のフェニル基である4~6のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
8.前記電子輸送帯域が、還元性ドーパントをさらに含有する1~7に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
9.前記還元性ドーパントが、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、希土類金属、アルカリ金属の酸化物、アルカリ金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物、アルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物、希土類金属の酸化物、希土類金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ金属の有機錯体、アルカリ土類金属の有機錯体及び希土類金属の有機錯体からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上である8に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
10.下記式(ET)で表されるシアノ基と芳香族環基を有する化合物。
L1は、単結合又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のa+1価の芳香族環基である。
Ar1は、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50の1+b価の芳香族環基である。
a,b及びcは、それぞれ1~3の整数である。
Aは、下記式(A-1)~(A-12)
R1~R12、R21~R30、R31~R40、R41~R50、R51~R60、R61~R72、R73~R86、R87~R94、R95~R104、R105~R114、R115~R124又はR125~R134のうちのc個は単結合でL1と結合し、単結合以外のR1~R12、R21~R30、R31~R40、R41~R50、R51~R60、R61~R72、R73~R86、R87~R94、R95~R104、R105~R114、R115~R124又はR125~R134は、それぞれ水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数3~10のシクロアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換のシリル基、又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基であるか、隣接する各基が結合して環を形成する。)からなる群から選択される縮合芳香族環基である。]
本発明の有機EL素子は、必要に応じてさらに、陽極10と発光層20の間に正孔輸送帯域50及び他の層を有していてもよい(図1)。
上記芳香族単環基は、縮合環構造を有さない一つの環構造が、1つ又は複数連結して構成される基である。一方、上記芳香族縮合環基は、2以上の環構造が縮環した構造を有する基である。
上記芳香族単環基の環形成原子数は、5~50(好ましくは5~30、より好ましくは5~20)であることが好ましく、上記芳香族縮合環基の環形成原子数は8~50(好ましくは8~30、より好ましくは8~20)であることが好ましい。
中でも、アリール基が好ましく、特に、フェニル基、ビフェニル基、ターフェニル基が好ましい。
これら芳香族縮合環基の中でも、特にナフチル基、フェナントリル基、アントリル基、9,9-ジメチルフルオレニル基、フルオランテニル基、ベンゾアントリル基、ピレニル基、ジベンゾチオフェニル基、ジベンゾフラニル基が好ましい。
a,b及びcは、それぞれ1~3の整数であり、好ましくはa及びcのいずれか一方は1である。好ましくはbは1である。
R1~R12のうちのc個は単結合でL1と結合し、好ましくはR3又はR4が単結合でL1と結合する。単結合以外のR1~R12は、それぞれ水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数3~10のシクロアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換のシリル基、又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基であるか、隣接する各基が結合して環を形成する。
L1は、単結合又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のa+1価の芳香族環基である。
Ar1は、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50の1+b価の芳香族環基である。)
R7及びR12が、それぞれ無置換のフェニル基であることで、ベンゾフルオランテン骨格の平面性を向上させることができると考えられる。平面性が向上した式(1)で表わされる化合物では、分子同士の重なりが大きくなって、分子同士の距離を短くでき、電荷輸送性を高めることができる。
R1~R12のハロゲン原子としては、フッ素、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素等が挙げられ、好ましくはフッ素原子である。
上記炭素数3~30(好ましくは炭素数3~20、より好ましくは炭素数3~10)のアルキルシリル基としては、トリメチルシリル基、トリエチルシリル基、t-ブチルジメチルシリル基、ビニルジメチルシリル基、プロピルジメチルシリル基等が挙げられる。
上記炭素数8~30のアリールシリル基としては、トリフェニルシリル基、フェニルジメチルシリル基、t-ブチルジフェニルシリル基、トリトリルシリル基、トリキシリルシリル基、トリナフチルシリル基等が挙げられる。
上記置換基の具体例は、上述した具体例と同様である。
また、本明細書において、「環形成炭素」とは飽和環、不飽和環、又は芳香環を構成する炭素原子を意味する。「環形成原子」とは環(飽和環、不飽和環、及び芳香環を含む)を構成する炭素原子及びヘテロ原子を意味する。
尚、下記式(2)~(12)において、a,b,c、L1及びAr1は、上記式(1)において説明した通りである。
R21~R30、R31~R40、R41~R50、R51~R60、R61~R72、R73~R86、R87~R94、R95~R104、R105~R114、R115~R124及びR125~R134は、上記式(1)におけるR1~R12と同様である。
上記式(2)~(12)で表される化合物は、例えば、後述する合成例に準じて製造することができる。
還元性ドーパントとしては、ドナー性金属、ドナー性金属化合物及びドナー性金属錯体が挙げられ、これら還元性ドーパントは1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて使用してもよい。
ここで、還元性ドーパントとは、電子を供与する材料(電子供与性材料という)である。この電子供与性材料は、当該電子供与性材料と共に障壁層、電子注入層又は電子輸送層に含まれる他の有機材料、もしくは障壁層、電子注入層又は電子輸送層に隣接する層を構成する有機材料と相互作用し、ラジカルアニオンを生じさせる材料、又は電子供与性ラジカルを有する材料である。
ドナー性金属化合物とは、上記のドナー性金属を含む化合物であり、好ましくはアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属又は希土類金属を含む化合物であり、より好ましくはこれらの金属のハロゲン化物、酸化物、炭酸塩、ホウ酸塩である。例えば、MOx(Mはドナー性金属、xは0.5~1.5)、MFx(xは1~3)、M(CO3)x(xは0.5~1.5)で表される化合物である。
式(4)で表されるアントラセン誘導体は、下記化合物である。
R101~R108は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、置換若しくは無置換の環形成原子数5~50の芳香族単環基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成原子数8~50の芳香族縮合環基、芳香族単環基と芳香族縮合環基との組合せから構成される基、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~50のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数3~50のシクロアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1~50のアルコキシ基、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数7~50のアラルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリールオキシ基、置換若しくは無置換のシリル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基から選ばれる基である。)
環形成原子数5~50の芳香族単環基(好ましくは環形成原子数5~30、より好ましくは環形成原子数5~20)として具体的には、上記「芳香族環基」と同様のアリール基と、ピリジル基、ピラジル基、ピリミジル基、トリアジニル基、フリル基、チエニル基等の複素環基が好ましい。
中でも、フェニル基、ビフェニル基、ターフェニル基が好ましい。
前記環形成原子数8~50の芳香族縮合環基(好ましくは環形成原子数8~30、より好ましくは環形成原子数8~20)として具体的には、上記「芳香族環基」と同様の縮合アリール基や、ベンゾフラニル基、ベンゾチオフェニル基、インドリル基、ジベンゾフラニル基、ジベンゾチオフェニル基、カルバゾリル基、キノリル基、フェナントロリニル基等の縮合複素環基が好ましい。
中でも、ナフチル基、フェナントリル基、アントリル基、9,9-ジメチルフルオレニル基、フルオランテニル基、ベンゾアントリル基、ジベンゾチオフェニル基、ジベンゾフラニル基、カルバゾリル基が好ましい。
炭素数1~50のアルコキシ基は-OYで表される基であり、Yの例としては、式(1)のアルキル基と同様の例が挙げられる。
環形成炭素数6~50のアリールオキシ基は-OArで表される基であり、Arの例としては、式(1)のアリール基と同様である。
炭素数7~50のアラルキル基としては、アラルキル基は、-Y-Zと表され、Yの例として上記のアルキルの例に対応するアルキレンの例が挙げられ、Zの例として上記のアリールの例が挙げられる。アラルキル基は、炭素数7~50アラルキル基(アリール部分は炭素数6~49(好ましくは6~30、より好ましくは6~20、特に好ましくは6~12)、アルキル部分は炭素数1~44(好ましくは1~30、より好ましくは1~20、さらに好ましくは1~10、特に好ましくは1~6))であることが好ましく、例えばベンジル基、フェニルエチル基、2-フェニルプロパン-2-イル基である。
当該アントラセン誘導体は、式(4)におけるAr11及びAr12が、それぞれ独立に、置換若しくは無置換の環形成原子数8~50の芳香族縮合環基となっている。当該アントラセン誘導体としては、Ar11及びAr12が同一の置換若しくは無置換の芳香族縮合環基である場合、及び異なる置換若しくは無置換の芳香族縮合環基である場合に分けることができる。
当該アントラセン誘導体は、式(4)におけるAr11及びAr12の一方が置換若しくは無置換の環形成原子数5~50の芳香族単環基であり、他方が置換若しくは無置換の環形成原子数8~50の芳香族縮合環基となっている。
好ましい形態として、Ar12がナフチル基、フェナントリル基、ベンゾアントリル基、9,9-ジメチルフルオレニル基、ジベンゾフラニル基であり、Ar11が芳香族単環基又は芳香族縮合環基が置換されたフェニル基である。
好ましい芳香族単環基、芳香族縮合環基の具体的な基は上述した通りである。
別の好ましい形態として、Ar12が芳香族縮合環基であり、Ar11が無置換のフェニル基である。この場合、芳香族縮合環基として、フェナントリル基、9,9-ジメチルフルオレニル基、ジベンゾフラニル基、ベンゾアントリル基が特に好ましい。
当該アントラセン誘導体は、式(4)におけるAr11及びAr12が、それぞれ独立に、置換若しくは無置換の環形成原子数5~50の芳香族単環基となっている。
好ましい形態として、Ar11、Ar12ともに置換若しくは無置換のフェニル基である。
さらに好ましい形態として、Ar11が無置換のフェニル基であり、Ar12が芳香族単環基、芳香族縮合環基を置換基として持つフェニル基である場合と、Ar11、Ar12がそれぞれ独立に芳香族単環基、芳香族縮合環基を置換基として持つフェニル基である場合がある。
前記置換基としての好ましい芳香族単環基、芳香族縮合環基の具体例は上述した通りである。さらに好ましくは、置換基としての芳香族単環基としてフェニル基、ビフェニル基、芳香族縮合環基として、ナフチル基、フェナントリル基、9,9-ジメチルフルオレニル基、ジベンゾフラニル基、ベンゾアントリル基である。
式(5)で表されるピレン誘導体は、下記化合物である。
L101及びL102は、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30の2価のアリール基又は複素環基を示す。
mは0~1の整数、pは1~4の整数、sは0~1の整数、tは0~3の整数である。
また、L101又はAr111はピレンの1~5位のいずれかに結合し、L102又はAr222はピレンの6~10位のいずれかに結合する。)
また、この置換基としては、式(1)における「置換もしくは無置換の・・・」における置換基と同様である。L101及びL102の置換基は、好ましくは、炭素数1~20のアルキル基である。
一般式(5)におけるtは、好ましくは0~2の整数である。
Ar111及びAr222のアリール基は、式(1)における各基と同様である。
好ましくは、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~20のアリール基、より好ましくは、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~16のアリール基、アリール基の好ましい具体例としては、フェニル基、ナフチル基、フェナントリル基、フルオレニル基、ビフェニル基、アントリル基、ピレニル基である。
上記蛍光性ドーパントは一重項励起子から発光することのできる化合物である。蛍光性ドーパントとしては、アミン系化合物、芳香族化合物、トリス(8-キノリノラト)アルミニウム錯体等のキレート錯体、クマリン誘導体、テトラフェニルブタジエン誘導体、ビススチリルアリーレン誘導体、オキサジアゾール誘導体等から、要求される発光色に合わせて選ばれる化合物であることが好ましく、スチリルアミン化合物、スチリルジアミン化合物、アリールアミン化合物、アリールジアミン化合物、芳香族化合物がより好ましく、縮合多環アミン誘導体、芳香族化合物がさらに好ましい。これらの蛍光性ドーパントは単独でもまた複数組み合わせて使用してもよい。
Ar101、Ar102は、それぞれ置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基、又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~50の複素環基を示す。
Yの具体例としては、前述する縮合アリール基が挙げられ、好ましくは置換もしくは無置換のアントリル基、置換もしくは無置換のピレニル基、置換もしくは無置換のクリセニル基である。
qは1~4の整数である。qは1~2の整数であることが好ましい。)
X307及びX312は、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリール基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成原子数5~30の複素環基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、及び置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基から選ばれる。
但し、X303とX304は、互いに異なる置換基である。
また、X301~X312において、隣接する置換基同士は互いに結合して飽和もしくは不飽和の環状構造を形成してもよく、これら環状構造は置換されてもよい。)
25mm×75mm×1.1mm厚のITO透明電極(陽極)付きガラス基板(ジオマティック社製)をイソプロピルアルコール中で超音波洗浄を5分間行なった後、UVオゾン洗浄を30分間行なった。洗浄後の透明電極ライン付きガラス基板を真空蒸着装置の基板ホルダーに装着し、まず透明電極ラインが形成されている側の面上に前記透明電極を覆うようにして膜厚50nmの化合物A-1膜を成膜した。A-1膜の成膜に続けて、このA-1膜上に膜厚45nmの化合物A-2膜を成膜した。このA-2膜上に膜厚25nmで化合物BH-1と化合物BD-1を20:1の膜厚比で成膜し青色系発光層とした。この発光層上に電子輸送層として膜厚25nmでET 1-01を蒸着により成膜した。この後、LiFを膜厚1nmで成膜した。このLiF膜上に金属Alを150nm蒸着させ金属陰極を形成し有機EL素子を製造した。
製造した有機EL素子の駆動電圧、電流効率及び半減寿命を下記方法によって測定し評価した。結果を表1に示す。
有機EL素子に10mA/cm2の直流電流を流して発光させた際の駆動電圧(V)、輝度(L)を測定した。これを基に、電流効率(L/J)を求めた。
各有機EL素子を電流密度8mA/cm2で駆動させ、輝度の経時変化を計測し、輝度が50%に達するまでの時間を求めた。
電子輸送層の材料として、ET 1-01の代わりに表1に示す化合物を用いた他は実施例1と同様にして有機EL素子を製造し、評価した。結果を表1に示す。
本願実施例1~9並びに比較例1及び2との比較により、シアノ置換基を有する本発明の電子輸送材料は、含窒素複素環誘導体よりも低電圧化、高効率化、長寿命化することが分かる。
また、本願実施例1~9と比較例3との比較により、シアノ基と含窒素複素環を有する電子輸送材料は電圧が上がってしまうのに対し、シアノ基と芳香族環基を有する電子輸送材料であれば、1材料単体であっても、低電圧化、高効率化、長寿命化することが分かる。
25mm×75mm×1.1mm厚のITO透明電極(陽極)付きガラス基板(ジオマティック社製)をイソプロピルアルコール中で超音波洗浄を5分間行なった後、UVオゾン洗浄を30分間行なった。洗浄後の透明電極ライン付きガラス基板を真空蒸着装置の基板ホルダーに装着し、まず透明電極ラインが形成されている側の面上に前記透明電極を覆うようにして膜厚50nmの化合物A-1膜を成膜した。このA-1膜上に膜厚45nmの化合物A-2膜を成膜した。このA-2膜上に膜厚25nmで化合物BH-1と化合物BD-1を20:1の膜厚比で成膜し青色系発光層とした。この発光層上に膜厚25nmでET 1-01とリチウムキノリノラート(Liq)を1:1の膜圧比で蒸着して、発光層上に膜厚25nmの電子輸送層を形成した。この後、金属Alを150nm蒸着させ金属陰極を形成し有機EL素子を形成した。
製造した有機EL素子の駆動電圧、電流効率及び半減寿命を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
電子輸送層の材料として、ET-1の代わりに表2に示す化合物を用いた他は実施例10と同様にして有機EL素子を製造し、評価した。結果を表2に示す。
下記合成スキームに従って、6-(4’-シアノビフェニル-3-イル)ナフタレン-2-イル トリフルオロメタンスルホネートを合成した。
アルゴン雰囲気下、合成例2で得た3’-ブロモ-4-シアノビフェニル(4.07g)、合成例1で得た6-ヒドロキシナフタレン-2-イルボロン酸(3.26g)、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)(0.55g)、1,2-ジメトキシエタン(48mL)及び2M炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(24mL)の混合物を4時間加熱還流した。反応混合物を室温に冷却し、2M塩酸を用いて中和した。この混合物にトルエンを加え、生成した沈殿物をろ別し、固体側を酢酸エチル及びトルエンで洗浄した。ろ液側はトルエン及び酢酸エチルで抽出し、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、減圧濃縮した後、得られた残渣をヘキサン-酢酸エチル混合溶液及びメタノールで洗浄した。得られた残渣を、最初に得られた固体と合わせてトルエンで洗浄し、目的の6-(4’-シアノビフェニル-3-イル)-2-ナフトール4.5g(収率89%)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、0℃において、6-(4’-シアノビフェニル-3-イル)-2-ナフトール(4.5g)、ピリジン(4.6mL)及びジクロロメタン(100mL)の混合液にトリフルオロメタンスルホン酸無水物(4.6mL)を加え1時間撹拌した。反応液を室温に昇温し、さらに30分間撹拌した。2M塩酸を用いて反応混合物を酸性にし、ジクロロメタンで抽出を行い、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し、目的の6-(4’-シアノビフェニル-3-イル)ナフタレン-2-イル トリフルオロメタンスルホネート5.7g(収率90%)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、9-ブロモフェナントレン(25.7g)、2-ホルミルフェニルボロン酸(16.5g)、及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)(2.31g)をフラスコに仕込み、1,2-ジメトキシエタン(340mL)、2M炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(170mL)を加え、8時間加熱還流攪拌した。室温まで冷却後、水層を除去した。有機層を水、飽和食塩水で洗浄した後、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させた。硫酸マグネシウムを濾別後、有機層を濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し、目的の9-(2-ホルミルフェニル)フェナントレン25.0g(収率89%)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、9-(2-ホルミルフェニル)フェナントレン(25.0g)、メトキシメチルトリフェニルホスフォニウムクロリド(33.4g)、及びテトラヒドロフラン(300mL)を仕込み、室温にて攪拌中に、t-ブトキシカリウム(11.9g)を加えた。室温にて2時間攪拌した後、水(200mL)を加えた。反応溶液をジエチルエーテルで抽出し、水層を除去した。有機層を水、飽和食塩水で洗浄した後、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させた。硫酸マグネシウムを濾別後、有機層を濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し、目的の9-[1-(2-メトキシビニル)フェニル]フェナントレン9-(2-ホルミルフェニル)フェナントレン24.0g(収率87%)を得た。
9-[1-(2-メトキシビニル)フェニル]フェナントレン9-(2-ホルミルフェニル)フェナントレン(24.0g)、及びジクロロメタン(100mL)を仕込み、室温下攪拌中にメタンスルホン酸をパスツールピペットで6滴加えた。室温で8時間攪拌を続けた。反応終了後10%炭酸カリウム水溶液(100mL)を加えた。水層を除去し、有機層を水、飽和食塩水で洗浄した後、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させた。硫酸マグネシウムを濾別後、有機層を濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し、目的のベンゾ[g]クリセン5.21g(収率25%)を得た。
ベンゾ[g]クリセン(5.21g)、及びN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(50mL)をフラスコに仕込み、N-ブロモスクシンイミド(4.00g)のN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(10mL)溶液を加えた。80℃で8時間加熱攪拌した。室温まで冷却後、反応溶液を水(200mL)中に注いだ。析出した固体を濾取し、水、メタノールで洗浄した。得られた個体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し、10-ブロモベンゾ[g]クリセン5.87g(収率88%)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、10-ブロモベンゾ[g]クリセン(5.87g)をフラスコに仕込み、脱水ジエチルエーテル(100mL)を加えた。反応溶液を-40℃まで冷却し、1.6M ノルマルブチルリチウムのヘキサン溶液(11mL)を加え、0℃まで昇温し、1時間攪拌した。反応溶液を-60℃まで冷却し、ホウ酸トリイソプロピル(7.72g)の脱水ジエチルエーテル(10mL)溶液を滴下した。反応溶液を室温まで昇温しながら5時間攪拌を続けた。10%塩酸水溶液(50mL)を加え、1時間攪拌した。水層を除去し、有機層を水、飽和食塩水で洗浄後、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させた。硫酸マグネシウムを濾別後、有機層を濃縮した。得られた固体をヘキサンで洗浄し、目的のベンゾ[g]クリセン-10-ボロン酸3.18g(収率60%)を得た。
1,3-ジメトキシベンゼン(53.9g)をジクロロメタン(860mL)に溶解させアルゴン置換し、氷冷下、臭素(129.3g)のジクロロメタン(150mL)溶液を2時間半かけて滴下し、3時間かけて徐々に室温まで昇温させ、さらに一日撹拌を行った。反応液を氷冷し、10%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液で中和した。ジクロロメタン層を回収し、水層をジクロロメタンで抽出し、有機層をまとめて無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濾過した後、濾液の濃縮を行った。得られた残渣をヘキサンで分散洗浄し、生成した結晶を濾取して乾燥し、目的の2,4-ジブロモ-1,5-ジメトキシベンゼンの白色結晶110.5g(収率97%)を得た。
2,4-ジブロモ-1,5-ジメトキシベンゼン(88.8g)、2-フルオロフェニルボロン酸(100.74g)、2M炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(600mL)、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)(6.73g)、1,2-ジメトキシエタン(150mL)、トルエン(150mL)をフラスコに入れ、36時間還流した。反応終了後、水(500mL)とトルエン(1000mL)を加えて分液ロートに移し、トルエン相を回収した。無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、シリカゲルショートカラムを通し原点不純物の除去を行い、溶液を濃縮した。これをトルエン/ヘキサン混合溶媒から再結晶し、目的の2,4-ビス(2-フルオロフェニル)-1,5-ジメトキシベンゼンの白色固体86.5g(収率88%)を得た。
1,5-ジメトキシ-2,4-ビス(2-フルオロフェニル)ベンゼン(48.3g)、ジクロロメタン(脱水)(740mL)をフラスコに入れ、0℃に冷却した。三臭化ホウ素(89.0g)を加え、その後室温で24時間撹拌した。反応終了後、溶液を-78℃に冷却し、メタノールで慎重に失活し、さらに十分量の水で失活した。溶液を分液ロートに移し、ジクロロメタンで抽出し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、シリカゲルショートカラムを通し原点不純物の除去を行い、溶液を濃縮し、得られた試料を60℃で5時間真空乾燥し、目的の2,4-ビス(2-フルオロフェニル)-1,5-ジヒドロキシベンゼンの白色固体44.1g(収率100%)を得た。
2,4-ビス(2-フルオロフェニル)-1,5-ジヒドロキシベンゼン(44.14g)、N-メチル-2-ピロリジノン(脱水)(888mL)、をフラスコに入れ、固体を完全に溶解させた。炭酸カリウム(81.8g)を加え、その後200℃で2時間撹拌した。反応終了後、溶液を室温まで冷却し、トルエン2Lを加え、分液ロートに移し、水で洗浄した。この溶液を無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、シリカゲルショートカラムを通し原点不純物の除去を行い、溶液を濃縮し、トルエン/メタノール混合溶媒から再結晶し、目的のベンゾフラノ[3,2-b]ジベンゾフランの白色固体27.9g(収率73%)を得た。
ベンゾフラノ[3,2-b]ジベンゾフラン(12.9g)、テトラヒドロフラン(脱水)(300mL)をフラスコに加え、-78℃に冷却した。そこへノルマルブチルリチウム((2.63M in hexane)20.0mL)を加え、その後、室温で1時間放置した。次に再度-78℃に冷却し、ホウ酸トリメチル(10.4g)を加え、-78℃で10分間撹拌した後、室温で1時間放置した。反応終了後、エバポレータで半分程度の容量に濃縮した後、1M塩酸(200mL)を加え、室温で1時間撹拌した。その後分液ロートに移し、酢酸エチルで抽出した。この溶液を無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した後、濃縮し、トルエン/ヘキサン混合溶媒で分散洗浄し、目的のベンゾフラノ[3,2-b]ジベンゾフラン-6-ボロン酸の白色固体13.7g(収率91%)を得た。
窒素雰囲気下、4-ブロモヨードベンゼン(70g)、1-ナフチルボロン酸(47g)、テトラキストリフェニルフォスフィンパラジウム(0)(5.7g)、炭酸カリウム(78.5g)及びトルエン(700mL)の混合物を74℃にて44時間撹拌した。反応混合物を室温まで冷却後、水を加えて分液を行い、有機層を5%重曹水及び5%食塩水にて洗浄し、減圧濃縮を行った。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにて精製を行い、目的の4-(1-ナフチル)ブロモベンゼン53g(収率76%)を得た。
窒素雰囲気下、4-(1-ナフチル)ブロモベンゼン(53g)、9-アントリルボロン酸(45g)、テトラキストリフェニルフォスフィンパラジウム(0)(4.3g)、炭酸カリウム(59g)、1,2-ジメトキシエタン(526mL)及び水(526mL)の混合物を74℃にて19時間撹拌した。反応を室温まで冷却し、生成した固体をろ取し、水、メタノール及びヘプタンで洗浄した。得られた固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し、目的の9-[4-(1-ナフチル)フェニル]アントラセン58g(収率82%)を得た。
窒素雰囲気下、9-[4-(1-ナフチル)フェニル]アントラセン(56g)にジメチルホルムアミド(448mL)を加え、35℃に昇温し撹拌した。反応液にN-ブロモスクシンイミド(29g)をジメチルホルムアミド(86mL)に溶解した物を滴下し、2時間攪拌を行った。反応溶液を室温に戻し、水を加え、得られた固体をろ取し水で洗浄した。得られた固体をクロロホルムに溶解し、水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させた後に減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をトルエンにて洗浄し、目的の9-ブロモ-10-[4-(1-ナフチル)フェニル]アントラセン55g(81%)を得た。
窒素雰囲気下、9-ブロモ-10-[4-(1-ナフチル)フェニル]アントラセン(54g)をテトラヒドロフラン(540mL)に溶解し、-65℃に冷却した。反応溶液に2.44Mノルマルブチルリチウム、ヘキサン溶液(58mL)を滴下し、2時間撹拌した。反応溶液にホウ酸トリメチル(24.4g)を滴下して1時間撹拌し、室温に戻してさらに1時間撹拌した。反応溶液に5M塩酸(270mL)を滴下して酸性とし、トルエンにて抽出を行い、5%重曹水及び5%食塩水にて洗浄を行い、減圧濃縮を行った。得られた残渣をトルエンにて洗浄し、目的の10-[4-(1-ナフチル)フェニル]アントラセン-9-イルボロン酸31g(収率62%)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、1,6-ジブロモピレン(10.0g)、2-ナフチルボロン酸(11.9g)、テトラキストリフェニルフォスフィンパラジウム(0)(1.28g)、トルエン(70mL)、テトラヒドロフラン(70mL)及び2M炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(83mL)の混合物を90℃にて8時間加熱還流した。反応混合物を室温に冷却し、得られた沈殿をろ取し、水及びメタノールで洗浄した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製後、再結晶を行い、目的の1,6-ジ(2-ナフチル)ピレン11.85g(収率94%)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、1,6-ジ(2-ナフチル)ピレン(11.8g)及びクロロホルム(370mL)の混合物に、室温にて臭素(3.3mL)を滴下し、6時間攪拌を行った。反応混合物を室温に冷却し、沈殿した生成物をろ取し、水及びメタノールで洗浄した。得られた固体を、トルエンにて繰り返し再結晶を行い、目的の1,6-ジブロモ-3,8-ジ(2-ナフチル)ピレン8.1g(収率51%)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、1,6-ジブロモ-3,8-ジ(2-ナフチル)ピレン(6.0g)、3-シアノフェニルボロン酸(3.9g)、テトラキストリフェニルフォスフィンパラジウム(0)(0.45g)、トルエン(49mL)、ジメトキシエタン(49mL)及び2M炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(29mL)の混合物を8時間加熱還流した。反応混合物を室温に冷却し、生成した固体をろ取し、水及びメタノールで洗浄した。得られた残渣のシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー精製を行った後、熱トルエン及び熱ジオキサンで洗浄し、目的のET 3-05を5.0g(収率74%)得た。このものはマススペクトル分析の結果、分子量656.23に対しm/e=656であった。
アルゴン雰囲気下、1,6-ジブロモピレン(13.6g)、9,9-ジメチル-9H-フルオレン-2-イルボロン酸(22.5g)、テトラキストリフェニルフォスフィンパラジウム(0)(1.7g)、トルエン(95mL)、テトラヒドロフラン(95mL)及び2M炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(113mL)の混合物を85℃にて8時間撹拌した。反応混合物を室温に冷却し、生成した固体をろ取し、水及びメタノールで洗浄した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー精製、再結晶を行い、目的の1,6-ビス(9,9-ジメチル-9H-フルオレン-2-イル)ピレンを主成分とする固体23.8gを得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、(10-1)で得た1,6-ビス(9,9-ジメチル-9H-フルオレン-2-イル)ピレン(10g)及びクロロホルム(1700mL)の混合物を50℃にて加熱撹拌し、完全溶解した後、N-ブロモスクシンイミド(3.0g)及びひとかけらのヨウ素を加えて50℃にて3時間撹拌した。反応液を室温に冷却し、水を加え分液した。クロロホルム層を飽和チオ硫酸ナトリウム水溶液及び飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をトルエンにて再結晶を行い、得られた結晶をメタノール洗浄して、目的の3-ブロモ-1,6-ビス(9,9-ジメチル-9H-フルオレン-2-イル)ピレンを主成分(純度85.6%)とする固体4.9gを得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、(10-2)で得られた3-ブロモ-1,6-ビス(9,9-ジメチル-9H-フルオレン-2-イル)ピレン(4.8g)、ビス(ピナコラート)ジボロン(2.8g)、[1,1‘-ビス(ジフェニルフォスフィノ)フェロセン]ジクロロパラジウム(II)ジクロロメタン付加体(0.18g)、酢酸カリウム(1.4g)及びジメチルホルムアミド(724mL)の混合物を80℃にて8時間攪拌を行った。反応混合物を室温に冷却し、水を加えた後、酢酸エチルで抽出した。酢酸エチル層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウム水溶液で乾燥した後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し、目的の3,8-ビス(9,9-ジメチル-9H-フルオレン-2-イル)ピレン-1-イルボロン酸 ピナコールエステル0.89gを得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、3,8-ビス(9,9-ジメチル-9H-フルオレン-2-イル)ピレン-1-イルボロン酸 ピナコールエステル(0.89g)、4-ブロモベンゾニトリル(0.34g)、テトラキストリフェニルフォスフィンパラジウム(0)(0.065g)、トルエン(6mL)、テトラヒドロフラン(6mL)及び2M炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(2.8mL)の混合物を90℃にて7時間撹拌した。反応液を室温に冷却し、トルエンにて抽出を行い、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウム水溶液で乾燥させた後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し、目的のET 3-43を0.59g(収率68%)得た。このものはマススペクトル分析の結果、分子量687.29に対しm/e=687であった。
電子輸送材料としてET 1-01の代わりに表3に示す化合物を用い、ドーパントとして表3に示す化合物を用いた他は実施例1と同様にして有機EL素子を製造し、駆動電圧、発光効率(L/J)及び半減寿命を評価した。結果を表3に示す。
これらの実施例から、本願のシアノ基と芳香族環基を有する電子輸送材料において、その芳香族環基は、一部の構造に限定されることなく、一般に良く知られる芳香族環基を広く用いることが出来ることが分かる。また、発光層に種々のドーパントを用いることができることもわかる。
この明細書に記載の文献の内容を全てここに援用する。
Claims (10)
- 陽極、発光層、電子輸送帯域及び陰極をこの順に備え、
前記電子輸送帯域が、シアノ基と芳香族環基を有する電子輸送材料を含む有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。 - 前記電子輸送材料が、シアノ基と芳香族単環基及び/又は芳香族縮合環基を有する電子輸送材料である請求項1に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記電子輸送材料が下記式(ET)で表わされる請求項1又は2に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
L1は、単結合又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のa+1価の芳香族環基である。
Ar1は、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50の1+b価の芳香族環基である。
a,b及びcは、それぞれ1~3の整数である。
Aは、下記式(A-1)~(A-12)
R1~R12、R21~R30、R31~R40、R41~R50、R51~R60、R61~R72、R73~R86、R87~R94、R95~R104、R105~R114、R115~R124又はR125~R134のうちのc個は単結合でL1と結合し、単結合以外のR1~R12、R21~R30、R31~R40、R41~R50、R51~R60、R61~R72、R73~R86、R87~R94、R95~R104、R105~R114、R115~R124又はR125~R134は、それぞれ水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数3~10のシクロアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換のシリル基、又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基であるか、隣接する各基が結合して環を形成する。)からなる群から選択される縮合芳香族環基である。] - R3又はR4が単結合でL1と結合している請求項4に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- a=1及びc=1である請求項4又は5に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- R7及びR12が、それぞれ無置換のフェニル基である請求項4~6のいずれかに記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記電子輸送帯域が、還元性ドーパントをさらに含有する請求項1~7に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記還元性ドーパントが、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、希土類金属、アルカリ金属の酸化物、アルカリ金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ土類金属の酸化物、アルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物、希土類金属の酸化物、希土類金属のハロゲン化物、アルカリ金属の有機錯体、アルカリ土類金属の有機錯体及び希土類金属の有機錯体からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上である請求項8に記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 下記式(ET)で表されるシアノ基と芳香族環基を有する化合物。
L1は、単結合又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のa+1価の芳香族環基である。
Ar1は、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50の1+b価の芳香族環基である。
a,b及びcは、それぞれ1~3の整数である。
Aは、下記式(A-1)~(A-12)
R1~R12、R21~R30、R31~R40、R41~R50、R51~R60、R61~R72、R73~R86、R87~R94、R95~R104、R105~R114、R115~R124又はR125~R134のうちのc個は単結合でL1と結合し、単結合以外のR1~R12、R21~R30、R31~R40、R41~R50、R51~R60、R61~R72、R73~R86、R87~R94、R95~R104、R105~R114、R115~R124又はR125~R134は、それぞれ水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、置換もしくは無置換の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数3~10のシクロアルキル基、置換もしくは無置換のシリル基、又は置換もしくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~50のアリール基であるか、隣接する各基が結合して環を形成する。)からなる群から選択される縮合芳香族環基である。]
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JP2015526393A (ja) * | 2012-07-19 | 2015-09-10 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 多環式化合物およびそれを含む有機電子素子 |
EP2876104A4 (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2016-02-17 | Lg Chemical Ltd | POLYCYCLIC COMPOUND AND ORGANIC ELECTRONIC DEVICE THEREFOR |
US9818951B2 (en) | 2012-07-19 | 2017-11-14 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Polycyclic compound and organic electronic device comprising the same |
WO2015141608A1 (ja) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-09-24 | Jnc株式会社 | 電子輸送材料およびこれを用いた有機電界発光素子 |
JPWO2015141608A1 (ja) * | 2014-03-17 | 2017-04-06 | Jnc株式会社 | 電子輸送材料およびこれを用いた有機電界発光素子 |
KR20170013236A (ko) | 2014-05-28 | 2017-02-06 | 도레이 카부시키가이샤 | 플루오란텐 유도체, 그것을 함유하는 전자 디바이스, 발광 소자 및 광전 변환 소자 |
JPWO2016031785A1 (ja) * | 2014-08-26 | 2017-06-08 | 出光興産株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子および電子機器 |
WO2016031785A1 (ja) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-03 | 出光興産株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子および電子機器 |
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KR20190111948A (ko) | 2017-01-30 | 2019-10-02 | 이데미쓰 고산 가부시키가이샤 | 유기 전기발광 소자 및 전자 기기 |
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EP2602839A1 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
US9512137B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 |
JPWO2012017680A1 (ja) | 2013-10-03 |
CN102576814A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
TW201213502A (en) | 2012-04-01 |
KR20120104087A (ko) | 2012-09-20 |
US20120256172A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
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