WO2007018087A1 - フローサイトメータおよびフローサイトメトリ方法 - Google Patents
フローサイトメータおよびフローサイトメトリ方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007018087A1 WO2007018087A1 PCT/JP2006/315290 JP2006315290W WO2007018087A1 WO 2007018087 A1 WO2007018087 A1 WO 2007018087A1 JP 2006315290 W JP2006315290 W JP 2006315290W WO 2007018087 A1 WO2007018087 A1 WO 2007018087A1
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- fluorescence
- scattered light
- light
- signal
- flow
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Classifications
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/51—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid inside a container, e.g. in an ampoule
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- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
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- G01N2021/6439—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" with indicators, stains, dyes, tags, labels, marks
- G01N2021/6441—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" with indicators, stains, dyes, tags, labels, marks with two or more labels
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a flow cytometer and a flow cytometry method.
- a flow cytometer stains a large number of cell particles collected from living organisms (blood, etc.) with a fluorescent labeling reagent, arranges these cell particles in a row in the sheath flow, and laser light is applied to each cell particle.
- the cells are identified by measuring scattered light (forward scattered light and side scattered light) generated from cell particles and various multicolor fluorescent light depending on the fluorescent dye.
- the cell sorter uses electrical signals related to scattered light and fluorescence to selectively charge the droplets containing the sorted V ⁇ cell particles and form a DC electric field on the path of the droplets falling. Thus, specific cell particles can be selectively collected.
- the conventional flow cytometer 101 shown in FIG. 7 generally has a hydrodynamic element for arranging cell particles stained with a fluorescent labeling reagent in a line in the sheath flow, and each cell particle has a different wavelength. And an optical element for irradiating a plurality of laser beams and receiving scattered light and fluorescence.
- the hydrodynamic element includes a sample suspension supply part 110 for storing a sample suspension, a sheath liquid supply part 112 for storing and supplying a sheath liquid, It has a flow chamber 114 and a flow cell 116 connected downstream of the flow chamber 114.
- the flow chamber 114 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and a suspension supply pipe 118 along its central axis. Is provided.
- the sample suspension and sheath liquid stored in the sample suspension supply unit 110 and the sheath liquid supply unit 112 are suspended through the sample tube 120 and the sheath tube 122 by the pressures of the air pumps 111 and 113, respectively.
- the liquid is supplied into the liquid supply pipe 118 and the flow chamber 114. This forms a sheath-like sheath flow (laminar flow) in which the sheath liquid wraps the sample suspension in a cylindrical shape, and the cell particles 105 contained in the sample suspension are aligned in a row in the flow cell 116. Can do.
- the optical element includes first, second, and third light sources 130, 132, and 134 that continuously irradiate a plurality of laser beams (excitation light) having different wavelengths.
- the first light source 130 is, for example, a DPSS laser (Diode Pumped Solid State Laser) that emits a blue laser beam (peak wavelength: 488 nm, output: 20 mW).
- the second light source 134 is a diode laser that emits a red laser beam (peak wavelength: 635 nm, output: 20 mW)
- the third light source 136 is an ultraviolet laser beam (peak wavelength: 375 nm, output: This is a diode laser that emits 8 mW).
- the laser beam from the first, second, and third light sources 130, 132, 134 is obtained by using a light guide member including a condensing lens 136 and the like.
- the light is condensed at 116 different first, second and third condensing positions Fl, F2, and F3, and these condensing positions are the distance between the condensing positions Fl and F2 and the condensing positions F2, F3. Is designed to be a predetermined distance d in the direction of the sheath flow (Z direction).
- the optical element is configured to detect forward scattered light (FSC: Forward Scattering Light) generated by the first laser beam 130 being scattered by the cell particle 105.
- the forward scattered light detection device 150 includes a photodetector 152 that detects forward scattered light of the first laser beam 130.
- the first side scattered light Z fluorescence detector 1 40 includes a plurality of half mirrors 154, a bandpass filter 156, and a photomultiplier tube 158.
- the second and third fluorescence detection devices 142 and 144 have one half mirror 154, two band pass filters 156, and a photomultiplier tube 158.
- the first side scattered light Z fluorescence detector 140 according to the prior art detects side scattered light and fluorescence from the first light source (blue laser) 130, and similarly, second and third fluorescence detection.
- the devices 14 2 and 144 detect fluorescence from the second light source (red laser) 132 and the third light source (ultraviolet laser) 1 34, respectively.
- a plurality of laser beams that continuously oscillate are condensed at different condensing positions with an interval d, and scattered light and fluorescent light generated at the respective condensing positions are collected. Are detected independently and output to a signal processing device (not shown).
- the signal processing device processes analog signals output from the forward scattered light detection device 150, the first side scattered light Z fluorescence detection device 140, and the second and third fluorescence detection devices 142 and 144. .
- the signal processing apparatus performs the first laser beam.
- the time force when the fluorescence excited by the first laser beam is detected The first delay time until the fluorescence excited by the third laser beam is detected, and the third time from the time when the fluorescence excited by the second laser beam is detected.
- the second delay time until the fluorescence excited by the laser beam is detected is calculated, and the signals related to the fluorescence by the first and second laser beams are stored in the FIFO memory for the first and second delay times, respectively.
- the signal processing device processes signals relating to a plurality of fluorescence and scattered light generated from one cell particle, and identifies this cell particle 105.
- Patent Document 1 The conventional flow cytometer described above includes three light sources, whereas the flow cytometer described in International Patent Application Publication No. WO2004Z051238 (Patent Document 1) has two light sources.
- the basic configuration is the same, and the contents described in Patent Document 1 are integrated here as a single unit for reference.
- the delay time may vary depending on the flow rate of the sheath flow (ie, the pressure of the air pump with respect to the sample suspension and the sheath liquid), the environmental temperature, or the atmospheric pressure. It was impossible to set and maintain this properly, which reduced the accuracy of detection and sorting.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and one aspect thereof is that cell particles labeled with a plurality of fluorescent dyes without setting a delay time are formed by a plurality of laser light sources.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a flow cytometer and a flow cytometry method capable of detecting a plurality of fluorescence generated by excitation.
- another aspect of the present invention provides a flow cytometer and a flow cytometry method that can simplify the adjustment of the optical axis by unifying the optical axis that reaches the cell particles that are flowed during the sheath flow.
- the purpose is to provide.
- a plurality of light sources that irradiate a plurality of excitation lights having different wavelengths with a predetermined period and a different phase, and a plurality of excitation lights on the same incident optical path
- a flow cytometer is provided that includes a light guide member that guides light and collects the dyed particles.
- the particles flow in a sheath flow that intersects the incident optical path.
- the flow cytometer detects a fluorescence generated by exciting each particle with a plurality of excitation lights, outputs a fluorescence signal, and converts the fluorescence signal into a phase of the excitation light.
- a synchronization separation circuit that separates into a plurality of optical signal elements detected in synchronization with each other.
- the fluorescence detector comprises a photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier voltage of the fluorescence detector is changed in response to each phase of the excitation light.
- an amplification circuit that electrically amplifies the fluorescence signal is provided, and the amplification voltage of the amplification circuit is changed in response to each phase of the excitation light.
- the apparatus includes a plurality of band-pass filters that are disposed on an emission optical path between the flow cell and each of the plurality of fluorescence detectors and selectively transmit fluorescence having a predetermined wavelength band.
- the flow cytometer includes a scattered light detector that detects scattered light generated by scattering of each of a plurality of excitation lights with particles and outputs a scattered light signal, and each of the fluorescence detectors. This detects fluorescence in a predetermined period from the time when the scattered light signal exceeds a predetermined threshold.
- the flow cytometer includes a scattered light detector that detects scattered light generated by scattering of each of a plurality of excitation lights with particles and outputs a scattered light signal.
- the fluorescence detector includes at least one trigger fluorescence detector, and the fluorescence detector and the scattered light detector are each a point in time when the fluorescence signal detected by the trigger fluorescence detector exceeds a predetermined threshold value. And detect scattered light.
- the flow cytometer detects forward scattered light generated by scattering of each of a plurality of excitation lights with particles and outputs a forward scattered light signal, a flow cell and a forward cell.
- a forward-scattered light bandpass filter that is arranged on the outgoing light path between the scattered-light detector and selectively transmits forward-scattered light having a predetermined wavelength band, and each of the plurality of excitation lights is scattered by particles.
- the side scattered light detector that detects the side scattered light generated in this manner and outputs a side scattered light signal is disposed on the outgoing light path between the flow cell and the side scattered light detector.
- a side-scattered light bandpass filter that selectively transmits side-scattered light having the above wavelength band.
- the plurality of light sources pulse-oscillate the plurality of excitation lights with a predetermined period and different phases.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a flow cytometer according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a timing chart of light pulses emitted from the light source in FIG. 1 and light pulse signals output from the photomultiplier tube.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the flow cytometer of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a timing chart of a forward scattered light pulse signal detected by the photodetector shown in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the digital signal processing device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing temporal transition of optical signal elements corresponding to each light source output from one photomultiplier tube shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a conventional flow cytometer.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the flow cytometer of FIG.
- the flow cytometer 1 shown in FIG. 1 generally includes a hydrodynamic flow mechanism 2 for arranging cell particles stained with a fluorescent labeling reagent or the like in a row in a sheath flow, and a plurality of different wavelengths for each cell particle.
- An optical mechanism 3 for irradiating laser light and receiving scattered light and fluorescence, and a signal processing device 4 for controlling and processing electric signals related to scattered light and fluorescence output from the optical mechanism 3 are provided.
- the hydrodynamic flow mechanism 2 stores and supplies a sample suspension supply unit 10 for storing and supplying a sample suspension containing cell particles 5 to be analyzed and a sheath liquid. And a flow cell 16 connected to the downstream of the flow chamber 14.
- the cell particles 5 to be analyzed are fluorescently labeled with a fluorescent labeling reagent such as a fluorescent dye or a fluorescently labeled monoclonal antibody.
- a flow cytometer employing a flow cell will be described below.
- the present invention is equally applicable to a jet 'in' air type flow cytometer. Is done.
- the fluorescent labeling reagent is not limited to this, but, for example, FITC (Fluoresein) that emits yellow-green fluorescence when excited with blue excitation light, and similarly yellow-green when excited with blue excitation light.
- PE R-phycoerythrin
- PE Cy5 red fluorescence
- PE—Cy7 infrared fluorescence
- APC Allophycocyanin
- the flow chamber 14 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and a suspension supply pipe 18 is disposed along the central axis thereof.
- the sample suspension and sheath liquid stored in the sample suspension supply section 10 and the sheath liquid supply section 12 are suspended via the sample pipe 20 and the sheath pipe 22 by the pressures of the air pumps 11 and 13, respectively. It is supplied into the supply pipe 18 and the flow chamber 14.
- a sheath-like sheath flow (laminar flow) is formed in which the sheath liquid wraps the sample suspension in a cylindrical shape.
- the pressure of the sample suspension supply unit 10 to be slightly lower than the pressure of the case liquid supply unit 12, hydrodynamic narrowing occurs, and the sample suspension encased in the sheath liquid is reduced.
- the flow diameter becomes very small, and the cell particles 5 contained in the sample suspension can be aligned in a row in the flow cell 16 (one cell particle 5 in the flow cell 16 is substantially equally spaced). Can be arranged).
- the flow cell 16 has an orifice 24 at the lowermost portion, and a sheath flow including cell particles 5 that have passed through the flow cell 16 is jetted by the orifice 24 as well.
- a vibration device such as a piezoelectric element (not shown)
- droplets 26 for accommodating the respective cell particles 5 are formed.
- the cell particle 5 to be sorted When the droplet 26 containing the specific cell particle 5 is sorted (when applied to a cell sorter), the cell particle 5 to be sorted immediately before the break 'off' point at which the droplet 26 is formed.
- a charging portion (not shown) for charging the sheath flow containing the is disposed.
- a pair of deflecting plates 28a and 28b applied with a predetermined voltage for example, a DC voltage of 6000 V
- a predetermined voltage for example, a DC voltage of 6000 V
- the optical mechanism 3 shown in FIG. 1 includes first, second, and third light sources 30, 32, and 34 that irradiate a plurality of laser beams (excitation light) of different wavelengths onto cell particles 5 aligned in the flow cell 16.
- the first, second, and third light sources 30, 32, and 34 are arbitrary light sources and do not limit the present invention, but it is preferable to generate coherent light such as a laser beam.
- the first light source 30 is a blue laser beam (peak wavelength: 488 nm, output: It may be a DPSS laser (Diode Pumped Solid State Laser) that emits 20 mW).
- the second light source 32 is a diode laser that emits a red laser beam (peak wavelength: 635 nm, output: 20 mW).
- the third light source 34 is an ultraviolet laser beam (peak wavelength: 375 nm, output: It may be a diode laser that emits 8 mW).
- the light sources 30, 32, and 34 incorporate a modulator (not shown), and the modulator outputs an output from a clock pulse generation circuit 62 (see FIG. 5) described later.
- the output pulse waveforms of the laser beams output from the light sources 30, 32, and 34 are controlled so as not to overlap each other. That is, the first, second, and third light sources 30, 32, and 34 have the first, second, and third phases ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ that are different in the same period.
- the beam (excitation light) can be pulse-oscillated.
- the oscillation frequency is set to 10 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
- the pulse width of each laser beam is 0.01 ⁇ sec or less.
- any modulator can be used as the light source 30, 32, 34.
- the DPSS laser light source 30 Primrose Co., Ltd., located in Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
- the acousto-optic modulator (model TEM-85-10), which is commercially available from the company (Brimrose Corporation), is suitable for use with diode lasers of red and ultraviolet laser sources 32 and 34.
- Each laser beam can be pulsed using a semiconductor modulator.
- the peak intensity of the laser beam can be substantially increased and detection sensitivity can be improved.
- the laser beams pulsed from the first, second, and third light sources 30, 32, and 34 are guided on the same optical path using the light guide member 36 as shown in FIGS. Then, the same irradiation position on the flow cell 16 is irradiated.
- the components constituting the light guide member 36 include, for example, an optical fiber 37, a beam expander 38, a half mirror 39, and a condenser lens 40, and all or a part of these components of the light guide member 36. Can be moved in the X, Y, and Z directions to accurately guide the laser beams from the light sources 30, 32, and 34 along the same optical path. wear.
- the optical mechanism 3 is a forward scattered light (FSC) generated by scattering the blue laser beam at the cell particle 5.
- the front scattered light detector 42 detects the side scattered light (SSC: Side Scattering Light) generated by each laser beam scattered by the cell particle 5 and each laser beam generated by exciting the cell particle 5
- a side scattered light Z fluorescence detection device 50 for detecting a plurality of fluorescent lights (FL) having various wavelengths.
- the forward scattered light detector 42 has a bandpass filter (not shown, for example, a selected wavelength of 488 ⁇ 5 nm) that selectively transmits the blue laser beam, and the blue laser beam is scattered by the cell particles 5. The forward scattered light is detected.
- the side scattered light Z fluorescence detector 50 detects side scattered light having the same three wavelengths as the laser beam and fluorescence having various wavelengths different from the laser beam wavelength from each light source. Is.
- the forward scattered light detection device 42 the side scattered light Z fluorescence detection device 50, and the signal processing device 4 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS.
- the forward scattered light detection device 42 has a photodetector PD that detects forward scattered light (FSC) from the flow cell 16 via a condenser lens 44 (FIG. 3), and as described above, a blue laser Only the blue forward scattered light generated by the scattering of the blue laser beam by the cell particles 5 is detected through a bandpass filter (not shown) that selectively transmits the beam.
- the forward scattered light detection device 42 outputs an electrical forward scattered light pulse signal whose voltage changes according to the intensity of the blue forward scattered pulse light to the signal processing device 4.
- the photodetector PD detects forward scattered light generated by the single cell particle 5 moving in the Z direction in the flow cell 16 by scattering the blue laser beam.
- the intensity of the forward scattered light pulse signal is increased or decreased over time.
- the period T during which the forward scattered light pulse signal is detected is the size of the cell particle 5 moving through the flow cell 16 and the flow velocity of the sheath flow ( It depends on the pressure of the air pump 11). For example, when the pressure of the air pump 11 is about 30 psi and the cross-sectional area of the flow cell is about 20000 ⁇ m 2
- the period T is known to be about 10 seconds.
- the width w of one pulsed laser beam becomes 0.01 seconds, and within about a period T A 1000-pulse laser beam is alternately applied to the cell particle 5 from the three light sources, and about 333 pulses of the forward scattered light pulse signal of the blue laser beam are detected.
- the width w of the laser beam is illustrated as being sufficiently large in order to facilitate the drawing.
- the signal processing device 4 performs the forward scattered light pulse signal and the side scattered light th in the predetermined period T from the time when the output value V of the forward scattered light pulse signal exceeds the predetermined threshold voltage V.
- a pulse signal and a fluorescence pulse signal are captured as data.
- the light sources 30, 32, and 34 are respectively a blue laser beam (peak wavelength: 488 nm), a red laser beam (peak wavelength: 635 nm), and an ultraviolet laser beam (peak wavelength). : 375nm), and cell particles 5 are fluorescently labeled using fluorescent labeling reagents consisting of FITC, PE, PE-Cy 5, PE-Cy7, APC, APC-Cy5, Ho-Blue and Ho-Red. And
- Side scattered light Z Fluorescence detection device 50 roughly includes a plurality of photomultiplier tubes PMTl to PMT6 that detect and amplify weak light electrically, and half mirrors (Half Mirror). HM1 to HM6 and band pass filters BPFl to BPF6 that transmit only light in a predetermined wavelength band.
- the side scattered light Z fluorescence incident through the rod lens 54 is incident on the half mirror HM1, and part of it is reflected by the bandpass filter BPF1.
- Bandpass filter BPF1 transmits only blue side scattered light having substantially the same wavelength band (488 nm ⁇ 5 nm) as the first light source 30, and the photomultiplier tube PMT1 is formed as shown in FIG. 2 (d).
- the light pulse signal of blue side scattered light is output to the signal processor 4.
- each of the photomultiplier tubes PMT2 to PMT6 detects complex fluorescence in which a plurality of fluorescences having different wavelengths are combined at the oscillation frequency and the phase of the blue, red, and ultraviolet laser beams.
- each photomultiplier tube PMT2 to PMT6 preferably detects a plurality of fluorescences having different wavelengths.
- the possible half mirrors HM2 to HM6 and bandpass filters BPF2 to BPF6 are used to selectively detect fluorescence having a specific wavelength band.
- the light transmitted through the half mirror HM1 enters the half mirror HM2, and the wavelength of the half mirror HM2 is less than 73 Onm. It reflects light having a wavelength of and transmits light having a wavelength of 730 nm or more.
- the light that has passed through the half mirror HM2 is incident on the bandpass filter BPF2, which transmits only light with a wavelength of 749 nm or more.
- the photomultiplier tube PMT2 has the first, second, and third phases ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ that are irradiated with the first, second, and third lasers.
- the optical pulse signals detected in the first, second, and third phases ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ which constitute a series of optical pulse signals detected by the photomultiplier tube PMT2, are described below.
- Each is defined as an optical signal element S 1, S 2, S. That is, the optical signal elements S, S, S, S.
- 21 22 23 21 22 corresponds to fluorescence having a wavelength of 749 nm excited by each light source 30, 32, 34.
- the electron multiplier PMT2 is a series of optical pulse signals consisting of three optical signal elements S, S and S force.
- the light reflected by the half mirror HM2 is incident on the half mirror HM3, and the half mirror HM3 reflects light having a wavelength of less than 600 nm and reflects light having a wavelength of 600 nm or more.
- the light transmitted through the half mirror HM3 is split by the bandpass filter BPF3 that transmits only light having a wavelength band of 680 nm ⁇ 30 nm.
- the photomultiplier tube PMT3 is shown in Fig. 2 (f). 1, second and third order ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇
- a series of light consisting of optical signal elements S, S, S force by detecting fluorescence having a wavelength band of nm
- the fluorescence reflected by the half mirror HM3 enters the half mirror HM4, and the half mirror HM4 transmits light having a wavelength of less than 550 nm and reflects light having a wavelength of 550 nm or more.
- the fluorescence reflected by the half mirror HM4 is split by the bandpass filter BPF4 that transmits only the fluorescent light having a wavelength band of 580 nm ⁇ 30 nm, and the photomultiplier tube PMT4 is shown in Fig. 2 (g).
- the fluorescence reflected by the half mirror HM4 enters the half mirror HM5, and the half mirror HM5 transmits a wavelength of less than 505 nm and reflects a fluorescence of a wavelength of 505 nm or more.
- the fluorescence reflected by the half mirror HM5 is spectrally separated by the bandpass filter BPF5 that transmits only the fluorescence having a wavelength band of 530 nm ⁇ 30 nm.
- the photomultiplier tube PMT5 is shown in Fig. 2 (h). 1st, 2nd and 3rd orders ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇
- An optical pulse consisting of optical signal elements S, S, S force by detecting fluorescence having a wavelength band of 30 nm
- the red laser beam excitation light does not produce fluorescence having a shorter wavelength than the excitation light, so the optical signal element S of the photomultiplier tube PMT5 shows a signal due to self-emission fluorescence. .
- the fluorescence transmitted through the half mirror HM5 is spectrally separated by a bandpass filter BPF6 that transmits only the fluorescence having a wavelength band of 424 nm ⁇ 44 nm, and the photomultiplier tube PMT6 is shown in FIG. As shown, the first, second and third orders ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ 424nm ⁇ 44
- the signal processing device 4 includes a clock pulse generation circuit 62 and a laser drive circuit 64 connected to the clock pulse generation circuit 62.
- the first to third light sources are provided. 30, 32, and 34 are pulse-driven at a constant frequency and different phases ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ).
- the signal processing device 4 has a synchronization circuit 66, which is connected to a laser drive circuit 64, photomultiplier tubes ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 6, an amplifier circuit (AMP) 70, and a separation circuit 68.
- a synchronization circuit 66 which is connected to a laser drive circuit 64, photomultiplier tubes ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 6, an amplifier circuit (AMP) 70, and a separation circuit 68.
- AMP amplifier circuit
- the signal processing device 4 receives the optical pulse signals from the photodetector PD and the photomultiplier tubes PMT1 to PMT6 from the phase ⁇ of the first to third laser light sources 30, 32, and 34. , ⁇ , ⁇ , and in the separation circuit 68, the photomultiplier tubes ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 6 are used for detection.
- Each output optical pulse signal is separated into optical signal elements s as shown in Table 1.
- the optical signal element S has infrared fluorescence ( ⁇ >
- the optical signal element S is yellow-green fluorescence ( ⁇ generated by excitation with a blue laser beam.
- the intensity of the light signal element S is determined by the fluorescence labeling reagent.
- Ho-Red corresponds to yellow-green fluorescence (FL8) generated by excitation with an ultraviolet laser beam.
- half mirrors HM2 to HM6 and bandpass filters BPF2 to BPF6 having arbitrary selected wavelengths are arranged between the flow cell 16 and the photomultiplier tubes PMT1 to PMT6.
- the fluorescent light FL1 to FL8 depending on the wavelength of the light source and the fluorescent labeling reagent can be detected as an optical signal element separated from the optical pulse signals detected by the photomultiplier tubes PMT1 to PMT6.
- the selection wavelength described above is only an example, and the present invention is similarly applied even when light is selected in another appropriate wavelength band. This comes out.
- the separation circuit 68 may detect all the optical signal elements S in Table 1, but the light corresponding to the side scattered light (SSC) and the fluorescence (FL1 to FL6). You can design your logic to detect only signal element S!
- the intensity of light detected by the photomultiplier tubes PMT1 to PMT6 largely depends on the wavelength, the configuration of the half mirror, the band pass filter, the size and properties of the cell particles, the staining conditions, and the like. That is, the above-described optical signal element S shown in Table 1 is composed of the light sources 30, 32.
- the synchronization circuit 66 sets the first photomultiplier voltage HV of the photomultiplier tubes PMT1 to PMT6 to the first level.
- ⁇ can be changed in synchronization.
- the synchronization circuit 66 is connected to the optoelectronic circuit.
- the photomultiplier voltage HV (see Table 2) of multipliers PMT1 to PMT6 is set to the phase ⁇ ,
- the amplification voltage AMP of the amplification circuit 70 that electrically amplifies the optical pulse signal detected by the photomultiplier tubes PMT1 to PMT6 is switched and controlled as shown in Table 3 using the synchronization circuit 66. May be.
- the optical signal elements S having a more uniform scale can be obtained by electrically amplifying each optical signal element S using the amplification voltage AMP that changes synchronously.
- the flow cytometer 1 of the present embodiment detects scattered light and fluorescence in order to identify the cell particles 5 irradiated with the multicolor laser beam. It is preferable to detect the optical pulse signal (optical signal element S) only while the cell particles 5 pass through the flow cell 16 and each laser beam is irradiated. Otherwise, the signal processing device 4 has to process a huge amount of data relating to noise signals not related to the cell particles 5.
- the signal processing device 4 of the present invention constantly monitors the output value V of the forward scattered light pulse signal, and the output value V is a predetermined threshold voltage V.
- the output value V of the forward scattered light pulse signal exceeds the predetermined threshold voltage V.
- the forward scattered light pulse signal, the side scattered light pulse signal, and the fluorescent pulse signal are captured as data in a predetermined period ⁇ from the time point. That is, the signal processing device 4 starts detecting the scattered light pulse signal and the fluorescent pulse signal using the output value V of the forward scattered light pulse signal as a trigger signal.
- the output value V of the forward scattered light pulse signal is monitored in order to detect the trigger signal for starting the detection of the scattered light pulse signal and the fluorescent pulse signal.
- the side scattered light pulse signal or any at least one fluorescent pulse signal may be monitored at all times. That is, detection of forward scattered light and fluorescent pulse signal is started from the time when the output value V of the side scattered light pulse signal exceeds a predetermined threshold voltage V.
- At least one of the plurality of photomultiplier tubes PMT1 to PMT6 is set as the trigger photomultiplier tube PMT, and the fluorescence pulse detected by the trigger photomultiplier tube PMT is set.
- the signal is constantly monitored, and the forward scattered light pulse signal and the side scattered light pulse are measured for a predetermined period T from when the output value V exceeds a predetermined threshold voltage V.
- the signal processing device 4 changes the optical signal elements S (FL4), S (from the photomultiplier tube PMT2 in the predetermined period T as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) to (c), for example. FL6), S
- the signal processor 4 digitally converts the forward scattered light pulse signal detected by the photodetector PD and each optical signal element S detected by the photomultiplier tube PMT and separated by the synchronization signal 66.
- the analog Z-digital conversion circuit (AZD conversion circuit) 72 is provided.
- the signal processing device 4 of the present embodiment has an area Z width Z height arithmetic circuit (AZWZH arithmetic circuit) 74, which allows light of a conventional analog waveform directly from the optical signal element S. Data that characterizes cell particles 5 corresponding to the area, width, height, etc. of the pulse signal can be quickly calculated. Then, the optical signal element S (FSC, SSC, FL1 to FL8) to be processed by the parameter selector circuit 76 is selected, and the compensation circuit 78 is similarly ij
- the digital optical signal element S is used to compensate for the leakage of fluorescence between fluorescence having different wavelength spectra (fluorescence correction is performed).
- the selected optical signal element S is amplified by the log Z linear amplification circuit 80 and output to the computer 82 and Z or the cell sorter 84.
- the computer 82 When the computer 82 receives the digital pulse light signal for each cell particle 5, the computer 82 performs various operations. For example, a cell number frequency distribution (dot plot or histogram)
- the cell sorter 84 can identify the cell particles 5 from the digital pulse optical signal and can sort the droplets containing the specific cell particles 5.
- a plurality of laser beams are guided on the same optical path, so that it is not necessary to set a delay time as in the conventional flow cytometer and flow cytometry method. Forward and side scattered light and fluorescence from cell particles labeled with multiple fluorescent dyes can be detected. Furthermore, the adjustment of the optical axis from the light source to the flow cell can be greatly simplified.
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DE112006002091.9T DE112006002091B4 (de) | 2005-08-08 | 2006-08-02 | Durchflusszytometer und Durchflusszytometrie |
US11/988,386 US7990525B2 (en) | 2005-08-08 | 2006-08-02 | Flow cytometer and flow cytometry |
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JP2005229536A JP4756948B2 (ja) | 2005-08-08 | 2005-08-08 | フローサイトメータおよびフローサイトメトリ方法 |
JP2005-229536 | 2005-08-08 |
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US7990525B2 (en) | 2011-08-02 |
JP4756948B2 (ja) | 2011-08-24 |
DE112006002091T8 (de) | 2008-10-09 |
DE112006002091T5 (de) | 2008-07-10 |
JP2007046947A (ja) | 2007-02-22 |
DE112006002091B4 (de) | 2019-02-21 |
US20090122311A1 (en) | 2009-05-14 |
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