WO2006123463A1 - 研磨パッド、その製造方法およびそれを用いた半導体デバイスの製造方法 - Google Patents
研磨パッド、その製造方法およびそれを用いた半導体デバイスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006123463A1 WO2006123463A1 PCT/JP2006/303454 JP2006303454W WO2006123463A1 WO 2006123463 A1 WO2006123463 A1 WO 2006123463A1 JP 2006303454 W JP2006303454 W JP 2006303454W WO 2006123463 A1 WO2006123463 A1 WO 2006123463A1
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- polishing
- groove
- polishing pad
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- pad
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/11—Lapping tools
- B24B37/20—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/26—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces characterised by the shape of the lapping pad surface, e.g. grooved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
- B24D3/28—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B24D3/32—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds for porous or cellular structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/304—Mechanical treatment, e.g. grinding, polishing, cutting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49995—Shaping one-piece blank by removing material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/303752—Process
- Y10T409/303808—Process including infeeding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/02—Other than completely through work thickness
- Y10T83/0304—Grooving
Definitions
- Polishing pad method of manufacturing the same, and method of manufacturing semiconductor device using the same
- the present invention relates to a polishing pad used for polishing an object to be polished and a method for manufacturing the same.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing or chemical mechanical force-carbohydrate
- the present invention relates to a polishing pad used when performing flattening treatment of an interlayer insulating film or the like by (resitting), a manufacturing method of the polishing pad, and a manufacturing method of a semiconductor device using the polishing pad.
- Miniaturization is an advance in microfabrication technology in the manufacturing process of semiconductor devices, particularly in lithography processes that use light to transfer circuit patterns to a photosensitive organic film (photoresist) applied on the wafer surface. This has been achieved with higher resolution.
- lithography process a technique for exposing using a light source having a shorter wavelength has been developed.
- a method to compensate for the lack of depth of focus and reliably resolve fine patterns without causing defocusing is being studied.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a polishing apparatus used in the CMP method.
- This polishing apparatus includes a polishing surface plate 2 that supports a polishing pad 1, a support base 5 (such as a polishing head) that supports an object to be polished 4 (such as a semiconductor wafer), a supply mechanism 8 for an abrasive 3, and a uniform semiconductor wafer.
- a backing material (not shown) for pressurization is provided.
- the polishing pad is attached to the polishing surface plate by being attached with, for example, a double-sided tape.
- the polishing surface plate 2 and the support base 5 are respectively provided with rotating shafts 6 and 7, and The polishing surface plate 2 and the support table 5 are disposed so that the polishing pad 1 and the object to be polished 4 supported on each of them are opposed to each other.
- the support base 5 is usually provided with a pressurizing mechanism (not shown) for bringing the object to be polished 4 into contact with the polishing pad 1.
- the polishing apparatus has a dresser (not shown) for making the surface of the polishing pad conspicuous, in which diamond powder or the like is formed on a metal plate by electrodeposition.
- polishing plate rotating shaft and the carrier rotating shaft are rotated to supply the polishing slurry to the center of the polishing pad.
- polishing pressure adjusting mechanism there are problems such as generation of micro scratches on the polishing layer such as the insulating film of the wafer, variation in polishing rate, and large variation in polishing amount in the wafer surface! /, The
- polishing pad scraping generated during dressing of the polishing pad, dressing diamond, interlayer film, wafer debris polishing polishing slurry, etc. Need to be discharged out of the polishing pad.
- the polishing slurry is sufficiently poured into the center of the polishing pad without any interruption during the polishing operation, and impurities are removed or pushed out of the polishing pad by this polishing slurry.
- Patent Document 1 a groove through which the abrasive flows is formed on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the polishing cloth, and a plurality of holes in which the abrasive is retained are formed on the surface other than the surface on which the groove is formed.
- a polishing cloth characterized by the above is described.
- the central portion and the peripheral portion have lattice grooves, and the portion between them has a hole.
- a polishing cloth is described in FIG.
- Such holes are generally provided by opening a large area at once using a single or a few rows of punches. Such a hole is difficult to provide using a generally used processing apparatus.
- abnormal stagnation refers to a state in which the holding of the polishing slurry on the polishing surface of the polishing pad becomes extremely uneven and adversely affects the polishing of the object to be polished.
- Patent Document 2 describes a polishing pad in which the center of a groove shape having a geometric center and the center of the polishing pad are provided eccentrically.
- the center of the polishing pad and the center of the concentric groove are shifted, the shape of the groove is transferred to the silicon wafer to be processed and the uniformity is deteriorated.
- it is difficult to prevent the polishing rate from being lowered at the center of the wafer.
- the effect on abnormal stagnation based on the balance between supply and discharge of the polishing slurry is not disclosed.
- Patent Document 3 describes a polishing pad having a first region having a plurality of concentric grooves and a second region having a second pitch. This polishing pad has two regions having different groove pitches, and it is described that the polishing uniformity is improved. However, the problem of abnormal stagnation based on the balance between supply and discharge of the polishing slurry is not disclosed, and it is difficult to improve polishing uniformity.
- Patent Document 4 describes a polishing pad having a plurality of annular grooves and a plurality of streamline grooves. This polishing pad attempts to positively control the slurry flow by making the groove shape into streamline grooves. However, with such a polishing pad, the slurry required for polishing may flow out along the streamline grooves. Further, the effect on abnormal retention based on the balance between the supply and discharge of the polishing slurry is not disclosed, and sufficient polishing uniformity cannot be obtained.
- Patent Document 5 describes a polishing pad in which slurry stagnation hardly occurs as a bottom arc-shaped portion in a groove shape. In this polishing pad, an attempt is made to control the flow of the slurry smoothly by making the groove shape into a bottom arc shape. Described in Patent Document 5 In this polishing pad, consideration is given to the groove shape and its surface roughness. However, it differs from the present invention in that the material of the polished surface configuration is spheroidal graphite pig iron. Further, the polishing target of the polishing pad described in Patent Document 5 is a bare wafer or a glass substrate, and is different from the polishing target in the present invention. In addition, there is no mention of the problem of abnormal stagnation based on the balance between supply and discharge of the polishing slurry when a porous material is used as the polishing layer as in the present invention.
- Patent Document 6 describes a polishing pad in which a groove is formed on a polishing surface, and the surface roughness of the inner surface of the groove is 20 m or less. Regarding this polishing pad, consideration is given to the surface roughness on the inner surface of the groove.
- the surface roughness of the groove disclosed here is obtained by forming the groove by cutting or molding the material of the polished surface configuration.
- Patent Document 6 it is very difficult to make the surface roughness of the inner surface of the groove less than 20 m. It was found by a follow-up experiment by the present inventors.
- the gist of the invention described in Patent Document 6 is in the selection of the material constituting the polishing layer rather than the method of forming the groove, and is different from the present invention in this respect. Furthermore, when a porous material is used as the polishing layer as in the present invention, the problem of abnormal stagnation based on the tolerance of supply and discharge of the polishing slurry is also mentioned.
- a groove having an edge perpendicular to the corner portion of the groove inlet is formed concentrically with a specific width, depth, and groove pitch.
- Slurry flow is easy to control between the work surface and pad top surface, and suppression of hydroplane phenomenon and efficiency of flat surface treatment by CMP processing of the soft metal surface of the device can be expected, but the cross-sectional shape of the groove is not good. It is stable, and the fluidity of the slurry varies depending on the pad, and there is a fear that stable polishing characteristics cannot be obtained.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-249710
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-070463
- Patent Document 4 JP 2000--198061 A
- Patent Document 5 JP 2002-224950 A
- Patent Document 6 JP 2004-009156 A
- Patent Document 7 JP 2001-181649 A
- Patent Document 9 JP2002--11630
- the present invention relates to a polishing pad used when performing flattening treatment of an interlayer insulating film or the like by CMP in a manufacturing process of a semiconductor device, a manufacturing method of the polishing pad, and manufacturing of a semiconductor device using the polishing pad
- the generation of scratches, the variation or decrease in the polishing rate, the large variation in the polishing amount within the wafer surface, the excessive consumption of the polishing slurry, and the appropriate slurry between the object to be polished and the polishing pad is intended to solve problems such as inability to maintain
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems at the same time.
- a polishing pad used when performing flattening processing of an interlayer insulating film or the like by CMP a manufacturing method of the polishing pad, and the like
- a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device using the polishing pad is provided.
- the polishing pad in the present invention is preferably used for a polishing pad used when performing flattening treatment of an object to be polished by CMP. Scratches are generated, polishing rate variation and reduction, and polishing amount are reduced.
- a foamed polyurethane force having grooves in the surface of the polishing pad (inside of the polishing surface) is formed, and the processed surface of the groove, which also has the side surface and bottom surface force, has a surface roughness (Ra) of 10
- Ra surface roughness
- the present invention is a polishing pad formed with a polyurethane foam force having a groove in the polishing surface, and the processed surface of the groove consisting of the side surface and the bottom surface force of the groove has a surface roughness (Ra) of 10 or less. It is a polishing pad characterized by having.
- the processed surface of the groove has a surface roughness (Ra) of 1 to 9.
- the polishing layer is formed from a porous material
- polishing pad in which the polishing surface of the polishing layer has a groove, and at least a part of the inner surface of the groove has a nonporous surface.
- Non-porous surface force Centerline average roughness of the roughness curve (Ra) l. 0 to 5. O / zm; groove force on the polishing surface of the polishing layer groove depth 0.5 to 1.5 mm Is;
- the polishing layer is formed of a porous material having bubbles with an average cell diameter of 20 to 70 m, and the specific gravity of the polishing layer is 0.5 to 1.0;
- the polishing layer has a compressibility of 0.5 to 5.0%;
- the polishing layer has a hardness of 45-65;
- the polishing pad further has a cushion layer, and the hardness force of the cushion layer is lower than the hardness of the polishing layer; It is preferable.
- concentric grooves having a rectangular cross-sectional shape are formed on the polished surface by mechanically changing the feed speed and feed amount of the grooving blade in stages.
- a method of manufacturing a polishing pad including steps.
- a time for stopping the feed is provided at the position where the groove cutting blade reaches the desired groove depth
- the feed rate and feed rate of the grooving blade change stepwise and increase sequentially; the polishing pad is formed with foamed polyurethane force;
- the polishing rate varies or decreases, the variation of the polishing amount in the wafer surface, the excessive consumption of the polishing slurry, and the polishing target.
- Solves problems such as the inability to maintain an appropriate slurry between the body and the polishing pad at the same time, providing an excellent balance between supply and discharge of polishing slurry during polishing, and abnormal retention in the grooves of polishing slurry during polishing This is particularly effective in reducing the occurrence of scratches and is extremely effective in the production of CMP such as semiconductor wafers.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a polishing apparatus generally used in CMP.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a groove having a rectangular cross-sectional shape.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a groove provided in the polishing layer of the polishing pad of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a groove provided in a polishing layer of a conventional polishing pad.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the cutting edge of a grooving blade used in the method for producing a polishing pad of the present invention (FIG. 5-a front view, FIG. 5-b side view).
- FIG. 6 An enlarged schematic view of a cutting edge of a grooving blade used in a conventional polishing pad manufacturing method (FIG. 6a front view, FIG. 6b side view).
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the corner of the edge of the blade before and after use for explaining the test method for grooving blade wear.
- the polishing pad of the present invention is a polishing pad formed of foamed polyurethane having grooves in the polishing surface, and the processed surface of the groove consisting of the side surface and the bottom surface of the groove has surface roughness (Ra) 1 It is formed so as to have 0 or less.
- the polishing pad of the present invention is a polishing pad having a polishing layer, wherein the polishing layer is formed of a porous material, the polishing surface of the polishing layer has a groove, It is formed so that at least one part of the inner surface has a non-porous surface.
- the polishing pad manufacturing method of the present invention forms a concentric groove having a rectangular cross-sectional shape on the polishing surface by mechanically cutting the grooving blade feed rate and feed amount in stages. The process to perform is included.
- FIGS. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a groove provided in the polishing layer of the polishing pad of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is one embodiment of a groove provided in the polishing layer of the conventional polishing pad.
- these drawings are partial schematic views of the grooves in the polishing layer of the polishing pad and do not show the exact dimensions.
- the processed surface of the groove comprising the side surface (11) and the bottom surface (12) of the groove has a surface roughness (Ra) of 10 or less.
- the surface roughness (Ra) is preferably 1 to 9, and more preferably 1 to 5. If the surface roughness (Ra) exceeds 10, scratching occurs because the flow of the polishing slurry is poor and aggregation is likely to occur or impurities are likely to become clogged.
- a defect having a depth of 100 / zm or more (100 to 50 O ⁇ m) or a length of 200 ⁇ m or more (200 to 1000 ⁇ m) in the groove in the polishing surface of the polishing pad of the present invention is 2 or less per cross section of the groove. If the number of defects or whiskers is more than 2, scratching occurs because the flow of the polishing slurry is poor and aggregation tends to occur or impurities are easily clogged.
- the defects and whisker-like protrusions are divided into five parts in the radial direction of the polishing pad, and the cross section of the groove is observed with an SEM or the like, the state of both in the cross section is confirmed, and the defect having the depth or the length is Measure the number of ridges.
- FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of the cutting edge of one embodiment of the groove cache blade used in the method for producing a polishing pad of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view of a cutting edge of a grooving blade used in a conventional polishing pad manufacturing method.
- the grooves are formed by a method of mechanical cutting using a grooving blade, and a concentric circular shape whose cross-sectional shape is rectangular on the polishing surface. Grooves are formed.
- the cutting edge shape of the grooving blade used in the method for producing a polishing pad of the present invention is preferably a rectangle having no lateral relief angle (c) as seen in a conventional grooving blade as shown in FIG.
- a grooving blade having the above-mentioned lateral clearance angle (c) When using a grooving blade having the above-mentioned lateral clearance angle (c), the groove width formed is reduced due to wear of the grooving blade (Fig. 2), and the holding amount of the polishing slurry (abrasive) varies. This leads to variations in the polishing rate and a decrease.
- the side surface shape of the above-mentioned cutting edge is the same as that of a conventional grooving blade as shown in FIG.
- the contact area between the grooving blade and the ground surface to be machined changes due to wear of the grooving blade, and the desired surface roughness of the groove machining surface, particularly the bottom surface. (Ra) cannot be obtained (Fig. 2). Therefore, it is preferable that the grooving blade used in the manufacturing method of the polishing pad of the present invention has a blade edge shape as shown in FIG. 5 which does not have the side clearance angle (c) or the rake angle (d).
- the feed speed of the groove-caulking blade is 0.01 to 0.10 m / min, preferably 0.1 to 0.08 m / min, while forming one of the concentric grooves. It is desirable to change it in 1 to 2 steps, preferably 2 to 3 steps, more preferably 2 to 5 steps in the range of 0.1 to 0.05 m / min. If the feed speed of the grooving blade is less than 0. OlmZ, it will increase the caulking time and promote blade wear. If it is greater than 0.10mZ, it will increase the burr, increase the load on the blade, and shape. Cause instability.
- the groove cutting blade is provided with a time for stopping the grooving blade feed at the deepest part of the groove, that is, at the position where the desired groove depth is reached. It is desirable to provide time for The time for stopping the grooving blade feed is 0.5 to 5 seconds, preferably 1.0 to 3.0 seconds. If it exceeds 5 seconds, the wear of the cutting blade increases, and 0.5 seconds. If the length is shorter, it becomes difficult to maintain a stable groove shape and surface state.
- the groove processing is performed by changing the feed speed and the feed amount of the grooving blade stepwise to form concentric grooves on the polishing surface.
- the surface roughness (Ra) of the surface can be reduced to 10 or less, the burrs on the pad surface due to the groove processing are reduced, and the cross-sectional shape of the groove can be made a desired rectangle.
- the polishing pad manufacturing method of the present invention As shown in FIG. 3, the groove surface is reduced by reducing the surface of the pad due to the groove cache, so that the edge of the groove is just a right angle. (11) and the bottom surface (12) are perpendicular to each other, and the cross-sectional shape of the groove can be stably made into a beautiful rectangle.
- the polishing pad obtained by the polishing pad manufacturing method of the present invention the shape of the groove formed on the polishing surface is stabilized, and the holding amount of the polishing slurry is stabilized.
- the large variation of the polishing amount in the wafer surface the excessive consumption of the polishing slurry can be solved, and the appropriate slurry can be maintained between the object to be polished and the polishing pad.
- the width, depth, and pitch of the groove are not particularly limited as long as the cross-sectional shape of the groove is stable and beautiful as described above. It is sufficient to have a width of about 2 mm to 5. Omm, a depth of about 0.2 mm to 4. Omm, and a pitch of about 0.5 to 6. Omm. And can be selected as appropriate according to the polishing conditions.
- the widths of the concentric grooves are preferably the same, the depths are preferably the same, and the pitches are preferably the same. In this case, the polishing rate can be easily controlled, and at the time of manufacture. The convenience is excellent.
- the polishing pad in the present invention may be a single layer type pad generally used in the past, or a polishing layer (hard surface layer) in contact with an object to be polished such as a wafer, and a polishing layer and a platen. It may be a laminated node having at least two layers of cushion layers (elastic support layers) positioned between them, or may be a laminated polishing pad such as a multilayer polishing pad in which other layers are stacked. From the viewpoint of production and performance, those having at least two cushion layers located between the polishing layer and the platen (surface plate) are preferred. Thus, the present invention is not limited to a single-layer or multi-layer polishing pad.
- the laminated polishing pad is roughly divided into a polishing layer and a cushion layer, and the hardness of the polishing layer (according to JIS K6253-1997).
- 2cm X 2cm thickness : Any sample
- the thickness was 6 mm or more, and the hardness was measured using a hardness meter (Asker D-type hardness meter manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd.). When the hardness is less than 45 degrees, the planarity of the workpiece is poor.
- the hardness of the cushion layer (based on JIS K6253-1997, SKIN A type hardness meter manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd.) is preferably 25 to 100, more preferably 30 to 85.
- the thickness of the polishing layer is preferably 0.2 to 4 mm, more preferably 0.8 to 3. Omm, and the thickness of the cushion layer is preferably 0.5 to 2.5 mm, more preferably 1. It is desirable to be 0-2.
- the thickness is about 1.0 to 5. Omm, and the material is appropriately selected from materials used for the polishing layer and the cushion layer, respectively. Please!
- the material of the polishing layer in the multilayer polishing pad is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above hardness range, but it is preferable that a porous material force is also formed.
- porous materials include polyurethane resin, polyester resin, polyamide resin, talyl resin, polycarbonate resin, halogen-based resin (polysalt resin, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride). Etc.), polystyrene, olefin-based resin (polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.), epoxy resin, and photosensitive resin. These rosins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a foamed polyurethane resin is particularly preferred as a material for the polishing layer. This is because polyurethane resin is excellent in abrasion resistance, and a polymer having desired physical properties can be easily obtained by variously changing the raw material composition.
- the foaming method includes foaming with a chemical foaming agent, foaming with mechanical foaming and mixing of a microhollow body or mixing of a precursor that becomes a microhollow body by heat, These may be shared. With these foaming methods, a fine foam used for the polishing pad in the present invention is obtained.
- the polyurethane resin comprises an isocyanate-terminated urethane prepolymer and a chain extender, and the isocyanate-terminated urethane prepolymer has a polyisocyanate, a high-molecular-weight polyol, and a low-molecular-weight polyol.
- polymer polyol examples include, for example, hydroxy-terminated polyesters, polycarbonates, polyesterol carbonates, polyetheroles, polyetherolates, polyesteramides, etc.
- polyethers having good hydrolysis resistance Polyether is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of the preferred price and the melt viscosity of polycarbonate.
- the polyether polyol includes a starting compound having a reactive hydrogen atom, and an acid alkylene such as oxidized titanium, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, styrene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, epoxy hydrin, or a mixture of these acid alkylenes. And the reaction product.
- the starting compound having a reactive hydrogen atom include water, bisphenol A, and dihydric alcohol for producing a polyester polyol as described below.
- examples of the polycarbonate having a hydroxy group include 1,3 propanediol, 1,4 butanediol, 1,6 hexanediol, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and Z or polytetramethylene glycol.
- Polyester polyols can include reaction products of dihydric alcohols and dibasic carboxylic acids. To improve hydrolysis resistance, longer distances between ester bonds are preferred. A combination of chain components is desired.
- the dihydric alcohol is not particularly limited.
- the dibasic carboxylic acid aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic, and Z or heterocyclic forces may be generated. Since the generated terminal NCO prepolymer should be liquid or low melt viscosity, In the case of applying an aromatic system in which an aliphatic or alicyclic group is preferred, a combination with an aliphatic or alicyclic group is preferable.
- carboxylic acids examples include, but are not limited to, succinic acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (o- M-, p-), dimer fatty acids such as oleic acid, and the like.
- These polyester polyols may have a part of carboxyl end groups. For example, it is also possible to use a rataton such as ⁇ -strength prolataton or a hydroxycarboxylic acid polyester such as ⁇ -hydroxycaproic acid.
- the number average molecular weight of the polymer polyol is not particularly limited, but is preferably 500 to 2000 from the viewpoint of the elastic properties of the resulting polyurethane. If the number average molecular weight force is less than 00, the resulting polyurethane resin does not have sufficient elastic properties and becomes a brittle resin. Therefore, the polishing layer produced from this polyurethane resin becomes hard and brittle, which causes scratches on the polished surface of the object to be polished. Also, such polishing pads can wear out. Therefore, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of the life of the polishing pad. On the other hand, when the number average molecular weight exceeds 2,000, the resulting polyurethane resin becomes soft and soft, and the polishing layer produced by this polyurethane resin tends to be inferior in flatness properties.
- Examples of the low molecular polyol include the dihydric alcohol used to produce the above-described polyester polyol.
- the low molecular polyol of the present invention includes diethylene glycol, 1,3 butylene glycol, 3-methyl- It is preferable to use any one of 1,5 pentanediol and 1,6 monohexamethylene glycol or a mixture thereof.
- Ethylene glycol which is a low molecular polyol other than those used in the present invention,
- the isocyanate component is appropriately selected according to the pot life required at the time of casting, and the terminal NCO prepolymer to be produced needs to have a low melt viscosity. Applied in a mixture of Specific examples thereof include, but are not limited to, 2, 4 and Z or 2,6 diisocyanatotoluene, 2, 2 '1, 2, 4' and Z or 4, 4'-diisocyanatodi.
- an organic diamine compound can be used as the chain extender used in the present invention.
- organic diamine compounds that can be used as chain extenders include, but are not limited to, for example, 4, 4, monomethylene bis (o chloroa-phosphorus), 2, 6 dichloro 1 p phen dirangeamine, 4, Polyamines exemplified by 4, -methylenebis (2,3 dichloroa-line) 3, 3, 1 dichloro-4, 4, 1 diaminodiphenylmethane, chloroaline-modified dichlorodiaminodiphenylmethane, 1, 2—
- Examples thereof include bis (2-aminophenolthio) ethane, trimethyleneglycol di-p-aminobenzoate, and 3,5 bis (methylthio) 2,6toluenediamine.
- the above-described low molecular weight polyol can also be used as a chain extender. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the ratio of the polyisocyanate, polyol, and chain extender in the preparation of the polyurethane resin can be variously changed depending on the molecular weight of each and the desired physical properties of the polishing layer produced therefrom.
- the number of isocyanate groups of the organic isocyanate to the total number of functional groups (hydroxyl group + amino group) of the polyol and the chain extender is preferably 0.95 to L15, more preferably. Is from 0.999: L10.
- Polyurethane resin can be prepared by an ordinary method. If necessary, stabilizers such as anti-oxidation agents, surfactants, lubricants, pigments, fillers, antistatic agents, and other additives may be added to the polyurethane resin.
- the average cell diameter of the bubbles contained in the porous material for polishing layer is 70 ⁇ m or less, preferably 20 to 70 ⁇ m, more preferably 30 It is desirable to be -50 ⁇ m. If the average bubble diameter deviates from this range, the planarity (flatness: small unevenness of each minute region of the semiconductor wafer) is unfavorable. When it is within the above range, planarity becomes better. Examples of the method for measuring the average bubble diameter of the bubbles contained in the porous material include a method of measuring a predetermined amount of bubble diameter with an image processing apparatus or the like.
- the specific gravity of the polishing layer in the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 1.0.
- the specific gravity is less than 0.5, the planarity of the object to be polished (average There is a risk that the carrier will be bad.
- the specific gravity exceeds 1.0, the number of fine bubbles on the surface of the polishing layer tends to decrease and the planarity is good, but the polishing rate tends to decrease.
- the specific gravity is the ratio between the mass of the sample and the mass of pure water at 4 ° C under the same volume pressure 1. Olbar. This specific gravity can be determined according to IS Z8807.
- the hardness of the polishing layer (polishing region) in the present invention is preferably 45 to 65 degrees with an Asker D hardness meter. If the hardness is less than 45 degrees, the planarity of the workpiece may be poor. When the angle is greater than 65 degrees, the planarity is good, but the uniformity of the object to be polished (homogeneity: less variation in polishing amount on the entire surface of the semiconductor wafer) tends to decrease.
- the hardness of the polishing layer is more preferably 40 to 60 degrees.
- the compressibility of the porous material is preferably 0.5 to 5.0%, and more preferably 0.5 to 3.0%. If the compression ratio is within the above range, it is possible to sufficiently achieve both planarity and uniformity.
- the compression rate is a value calculated by the following formula.
- Compression rate (%) ⁇ (T 1 T 2) / T 1 ⁇ X 1 0 0
- T1 is the thickness of the porous material when the stress load of 30 KPa (300 g / cm 2 ) is maintained on the porous material for 60 seconds from the unloaded state
- T2 is 180 KPa (1800 gZ from the state of T1. This is the thickness of the porous material when a stress load of cm 2 ) is maintained for 60 seconds.
- the compression recovery rate of the polishing region made of the fine foam in the present invention is preferably 50 to L00%.
- the compression recovery rate deviates from this range, as the repeated load from the object is applied to the polishing area during polishing, a large change in the thickness of the polishing layer appears and the stability of the polishing characteristics deteriorates. Therefore, it is not preferable.
- the storage elastic modulus of the polishing region which is the fine foam force
- the storage elastic modulus is an elastic modulus measured by adding a sinusoidal vibration to a fine foam using a tensile test jig with a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring device. If the storage modulus is less than 200 MPa, This is not preferable because the strength of the surface is lowered and the planarity (flatness) of the object to be polished is deteriorated.
- a silicone-based surfactant is added to the isocyanate-terminated polymer, stirred with a non-reactive gas, and the non-reactive gas is dispersed as fine bubbles to obtain a cell dispersion. If the isocyanate-terminated polymer is solid at room temperature, preheat it to an appropriate temperature and melt it before use.
- a chain extender is added to the above cell dispersion and mixed and stirred.
- An isocyanate-terminated polymer mixed with a chain extender is cast and heat cured.
- the non-reactive gas used to form the fine bubbles is preferably a non-flammable gas.
- Specific examples include nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide gas, rare gases such as helium and argon.
- the mixed gas of is mentioned. Using air that has been dried to remove moisture is the most cost effective.
- a known stirring device can be used without particular limitation as a stirring device for dispersing non-reactive gas in the form of fine bubbles and dispersing it in an isocyanate-terminated polymer containing a silicone surfactant.
- Specific examples include a homogenizer, a dissolver, a two-axis planetary mixer (a planetary mixer), and the like.
- the shape of the stirring blade of the stirring device is not particularly limited, but when a Whisper type stirring blade is used, it is preferable because fine bubbles can be obtained.
- stirring devices may be used for the stirring for preparing the bubble dispersion over the stirring step and the stirring for adding and mixing the chain extender in the mixing step.
- a stirring device that does not entrain large bubbles, even if the stirring in the mixing step is not stirring that forms bubbles.
- a planetary mixer is preferable. There is no problem even if the same stirring device is used for the stirring step and the mixing step, and the stirring conditions such as adjusting the rotation speed of the stirring blade are adjusted as necessary. May be.
- heating and post-curing the reacted porous material until it does not flow by pouring the cell dispersion into the mold is effective in improving the physical properties of the porous material. It is extremely suitable. It is acceptable to pour the bubble dispersion into the mold and immediately place it in a heating oven to perform post cure. Under such conditions, heat is not immediately transferred to the reaction components, so the bubble diameter increases. Flower ,.
- the curing reaction is preferably performed at normal pressure because the bubble shape is stable.
- a known catalyst for promoting a polyurethane reaction such as a tertiary amine type or an organic tin type.
- the type and addition amount of the catalyst are selected in consideration of the flow time for pouring into a mold having a predetermined shape after the mixing step.
- the polyurethane porous material is manufactured by a batch method in which each component is weighed and put into a container and stirred, or each component and a non-reactive gas are continuously supplied to a stirring device. It may be a continuous production method in which a molded product is produced by stirring and sending out the cell dispersion.
- the polishing layer of the polishing pad of the present invention can be produced by preparing a sheet of polyurethane resin prepared as described above and cutting it into a predetermined size.
- the thickness of the polishing layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.6 to 3.5 mm.
- a porous material block is made to have a predetermined thickness by using a band saw type or canna type slicer, or a mold having a predetermined thickness of cavity is coated with grease. Examples thereof include a casting and curing method and a method using a coating technique and a sheet forming technique.
- the variation in the thickness of the polishing layer is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness variation exceeds 100 m, the polishing layer has a large waviness, and the contact state with the object to be polished is different, which tends to adversely affect the polishing characteristics.
- the surface of the polishing layer is often dressed using a dresser in which diamond particles are electrodeposited or fused. In this case, if it exceeds the above thickness range, the dressing time becomes longer and the production efficiency is lowered.
- the polishing layer surface having a predetermined thickness is used. There is also a way to puff the face. In the nofing, it is preferable to carry out stepwise with abrasive sheets having different particle sizes.
- the polishing layer of the present invention is provided with a groove on the polishing surface that contacts the object to be polished and polishes the object to be polished. Due to the presence of the grooves, the polishing slurry supplied at the time of semiconductor device polishing is efficiently held.
- the grooves also have the function of distributing the slurry more evenly on the polishing surface. Further, the groove also functions as a discharge path for temporarily retaining waste such as wear debris and used polishing slurry generated by polishing, and discharging this waste to the outside without any problem. By providing the groove, it is possible to prevent destruction of the object to be polished that occurs when the object to be polished and the polishing layer are adsorbed.
- the cross-sectional shape in the width direction of the groove is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a rectangular shape formed by a side surface and a bottom surface, a U shape, a V shape, and the like.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a groove having a rectangular cross-sectional shape.
- the side surface (11) of the groove (10) and the bottom surface (12) of the groove correspond to the “inner surface of the groove”.
- the “inner surface of the groove” in this specification means at least one of the side surface and the bottom surface of the groove.
- the entire inner surface of the groove is a non-porous surface.
- the groove depth is small and the groove has a short cross-sectional shape
- the benefit of the present invention can be sufficiently obtained even if only the bottom surface of the groove is a non-porous surface. It is done.
- all the inner surfaces of the groove which are at least one of the side surface and the bottom surface of the groove are non-porous surfaces, it is more preferable because the effect can be obtained.
- the shape of the groove on the polishing surface of the polishing layer is not particularly limited.
- a circular, polygonal (triangle, quadrangle, pentagon, etc.) or elliptical groove may be provided on the polishing surface. it can.
- the number of grooves on the polished surface is not particularly limited as long as it is 2 or more.
- the arrangement of these grooves is not particularly limited.
- the grooves are arranged concentrically, the grooves are arranged eccentrically, or a plurality of grooves are arranged inside a polishing surface surrounded by one annular groove. Examples include those in which other annular grooves are arranged.
- the polishing surface can be provided with grooves or recesses of other shapes.
- the grooves having other shapes include linear grooves arranged in the diameter direction of the polishing layer.
- the grooves on the straight line may be in a lattice state.
- a through hole penetrating from the polishing surface to the back surface of the polishing layer may be provided.
- the groove width of the groove on the polishing layer surface is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 2. Omm, and more preferably in the range of 0.20 to 0.50 mm. If the groove width is less than 0.05 mm, the slurry will enter the groove and the effectiveness S as the slurry flow path may be reduced, and the polishing rate may be reduced. In addition, a groove width of less than 0.05 mm is very difficult to process and may result in poor productivity. When the groove width exceeds 2. Omm, the polishing area where the polishing surface of the polishing layer comes into contact with the object to be polished is reduced, and the polishing rate may be lowered.
- the “polishing rate” is a parameter used for evaluation of polishing characteristics.
- the groove pitch is preferably 0.1 to 20 mm.
- the groove pitch (15) is the distance between the groove (14) to be formed and the other groove (14).
- the groove pitch is less than 0.1 mm, a very large number of grooves are formed on the groove force pad, and the polishing area where the polishing surface of the polishing layer contacts the wafer that is the object to be polished is reduced and the polishing rate is lowered. There is a fear.
- the groove pitch exceeds 20 mm, the area where the polishing surface of the polishing layer and the object to be polished are in contact with each other increases, resulting in an increase in frictional resistance between the object to be polished and the polishing pad.
- FIG. 2 is also a diagram for explaining the groove width (14), groove pitch (15), and groove depth (13).
- the depth (13) of the groove is preferably 0.5 mm or more in terms of the distance from the polished surface to the deepest part of the groove bottom surface. If the groove depth is less than 0.5 mm, the balance between supply and discharge of slurry is not good, and this is preferable for polishing. The depth of the groove is the deepest, even in the case where the thickness of the polishing layer having the polishing surface is at most 0.85, which is preferable in terms of the strength of the polishing pad and the like.
- the method for forming the groove on the surface of the polishing layer is not particularly limited.
- a method of machine cutting using a jig such as a tool of a predetermined size, or a mold having a predetermined surface shape
- a method of pouring and curing fat a method of forming a resin by pressing a resin with a press plate having a predetermined surface shape
- a method of forming using photolithography a method of forming using a printing technique
- a carbon dioxide laser For example, a method of forming with a laser beam using the above.
- a mechanical cutting method is preferably used as a method for forming the groove.
- a polishing pad formed of a porous material such as polyurethane foam is generally excellent in polishing properties of a semiconductor device or the like.
- a polishing pad formed of a porous material such as polyurethane foam
- a method of removing these adverse effects for example, a method of forming grooves by heat press, embossing, or laser processing can be mentioned.
- the inner surface of the groove formed by these methods is smooth with no wrinkles or the like, but also has a defect that it is easily changed by heat. Thermal alteration causes groove bulge and surface hardening on the surface of the polishing layer, which can cause scratches.
- the polishing layer is formed using a non-foamed material, a groove having a smooth inner surface can be formed by cutting or the like.
- the non-foamed abrasive layer often has a poor slurry retention capability.
- since there is no foaming a lot of scratches are generated that prevent slurry and polishing waste from escaping.
- One embodiment of the polishing pad of the present invention has a polishing layer that also has a porous material force, and the inner surface of the groove on the surface of the polishing layer has a non-porous surface.
- the inner surface of the groove on the surface of the polishing layer has a non-porous surface means that the inner surface of the groove formed in the polishing layer has pores even though the polishing layer has a porous material force. It means a state having a smooth surface.
- the center line average roughness (Ra) of the non-porous surface roughness curve is preferably 1.0 to 5.0 m.
- the center line average roughness (Ra) of 1.5 to 3.0 m is more preferable. Centerline average roughness (Ra) force of roughness curve If it exceeds 0 m, the effect of reducing abnormal residence may be inferior. In addition, it is difficult to reduce the center line average roughness (Ra) of the roughness curve on the inner surface of the groove on the polishing layer surface to less than 1. O / zm with the current technical level.
- the polishing surface has a groove, and the inner surface of the groove has such a non-porous surface. It is possible to effectively prevent clogging of the resulting grooves and to prevent the occurrence of abnormal stagnation of the slurry. As a result, a polishing pad having excellent long-term usability can be produced.
- the center line average roughness (Ra) of the roughness curve is a parameter defined in JIS B 0601.
- the centerline average roughness (Ra) of the roughness curve is measured using an optical surface roughness measuring instrument such as a three-dimensional surface structure analysis microscope, a scanning laser microscope, or an electron beam surface portable analyzer, or a stylus type surface roughness meter. It can be measured using a contact type surface roughness measuring instrument such as the above.
- Specific examples of the measuring device include a surface shape measuring device (P-15, manufactured by KLA Tencor). Using such an apparatus, the center line average roughness (Ra) of the roughness curve can be measured in accordance with JIS B 0633.
- a method of making the inner surface of the groove of the polishing layer a non-porous surface a method of first forming the groove by cutting or the like and then performing post-processing to process the inner surface of the groove into a non-porous surface is preferable.
- post-processing to make the inner surface of the groove non-porous for example, a laser processing machine is used to irradiate the inner surface of the groove with a laser to dissolve it, and a thin resin is provided on the inner surface of the groove And a method of forming a groove again after providing a grease on the groove portion.
- Examples of the resin that can be used in such post-processing include resin that can be used for the preparation of the polishing layer.
- the inner surface of the groove can be processed into a non-porous surface by applying the resin that can be used for the preparation of the polishing layer to the groove portion without performing the above foaming treatment.
- a method of providing these greases in the groove portion a method of applying a resin melted by heat, a method of preparing a resin solution by dissolving or dispersing the resin in a solvent, and applying or spraying the solution, Examples thereof include a method in which a polymerizable resin is applied or sprayed on a groove portion and then cured.
- the polishing layer of the polishing pad of the present invention is formed of a porous material. Therefore, in the polishing layer, the porous surface is exposed to the polishing surface other than the groove portion, that is, the polishing execution area corresponding to the groove pitch. In other words, this polished surface has a plurality of micropores derived from the porous material.
- polishing pad in the present invention at least a single-layer polishing pad composed of only a polishing layer, and at least a polishing layer and a cushion layer positioned between the polishing layer and a platen (a surface plate) are used.
- a laminated polishing pad having two layers can be mentioned.
- the polishing pad of the present invention is preferably a laminated polishing pad having a polishing layer and a cushion layer.
- the cushion layer serves to supplement the characteristics of the polishing layer.
- the presence of the cushion layer makes it possible to achieve both planarity and formality, which are in a trade-off relationship, in CMP.
- Planarity refers to the flatness of a pattern portion when a polished object having minute concaves and convexes generated during pattern formation, and the uniformity refers to the uniformity of the entire polished object. Planarity is improved by the characteristics of the polishing layer, and the formability is improved by the characteristics of the tack layer.
- the hardness of the cushion layer is preferably lower than the hardness of the polishing layer. This is because when the hardness of the cushion layer is lower than the hardness of the polishing layer, the followability of the polishing layer to the entire wafer is improved and the uniformity of the polishing layer is improved.
- the Asker A hardness is preferably 20 to 40 degrees, more preferably 25 to 35 degrees.
- the material for forming the cushion layer is not particularly limited.
- fiber nonwoven fabrics such as polyester nonwoven fabrics, nylon nonwoven fabrics, and acrylic nonwoven fabrics
- resin-impregnated nonwoven fabrics such as polyester nonwoven fabric impregnated with polyurethane, polyurethane foam, polyethylene
- polymer resin foams such as foam
- rubber resins such as butadiene rubber and isoprene rubber
- photosensitive resins such as photosensitive resins.
- Examples of means for bonding the polishing layer and the cushion layer include a method in which the polishing layer and the cushion layer are sandwiched with a double-sided tape and pressed.
- the double-sided tape one having a general structure in which an adhesive layer is provided on both surfaces of a substrate such as a nonwoven fabric or a film can be used.
- a film for the substrate.
- the composition of the adhesive layer is, for example, Examples thereof include rubber adhesives and acrylic adhesives. Considering the metal ion content, an acrylic adhesive is preferable because it has a low metal ion content.
- the polishing layer and the cushion layer may have different compositions. In this case, the adhesive strength between the polishing layer and the cushion layer can be optimized by using a double-sided tape having a different composition of each adhesive layer surface.
- the surface of the semiconductor wafer can be polished by providing the polishing pad thus obtained on the platen.
- a double-sided tape can be used to place a polishing pad on the platen.
- a double-sided tape a tape having a general configuration in which an adhesive layer is provided on both surfaces of a base material such as a nonwoven fabric or a film can be used.
- a double-sided tape having a film substrate In consideration of peeling off the platen force after polishing, it is preferable to use a double-sided tape having a film substrate. This is because the remaining tape or the like can be eliminated.
- the composition of the adhesive layer of the double-sided tape is the same as described above.
- a semiconductor device can be manufactured through a step of polishing the surface of a semiconductor wafer using the polishing pad of the present invention.
- a semiconductor wafer is generally a laminate of a wiring metal and an oxide film on a silicon wafer.
- the method for polishing a semiconductor wafer and the polishing apparatus used therefor are not particularly limited.
- a polishing platen that supports a polishing pad
- a support table that supports an object to be polished such as a semiconductor wafer
- a knocking material for uniformly pressing the wafer and a polishing agent supply mechanism
- a polishing apparatus equipped with can be used.
- the polishing pad is attached to the polishing surface plate, for example, by attaching it with a double-sided tape.
- the polishing surface plate and the support table are arranged so that the polishing pad and the semiconductor wafer supported by each surface face each other, and each has a rotating shaft.
- a pressure mechanism for pressing the semiconductor wafer against the polishing pad is usually provided on the support base side. In polishing, the semiconductor wafer is pressed against the polishing pad while rotating the polishing surface plate and the support base, and polishing is performed while supplying slurry.
- the flow rate of the slurry, the polishing load, the polishing platen rotation speed, and the wafer rotation speed are not particularly limited, and are adjusted as appropriate.
- the protruding portion of the surface of the object to be polished such as a semiconductor wafer, is removed and polished flat.
- a semiconductor device is manufactured by dicing, bonding, anodic / caging, and the like. Semiconductor devices are used in arithmetic processing units, memories, and the like.
- the polishing layer was cut out in parallel with a thickness of about 1 mm using a microtome cutter, and this was used as a sample for measuring the average bubble diameter.
- the sample was fixed on a slide glass, and using an image processing device (Toyo Powder Co., Image Analyzer V10), the total bubble size was measured within an arbitrary 0.2 mm X O. 2 mm range, and the average bubble size was calculated. .
- the polishing layer cut into a 4cm x 8.5cm strip was used as a sample for measuring the specific gravity, and allowed to stand for 16 hours in an environment of temperature 23 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C and humidity 50% ⁇ 5%.
- the specific gravity was measured using a hydrometer (manufactured by Sartorius).
- a material such as a light transmission area (window material area) cut into a size of 2cm x 2cm (thickness: arbitrary) is used as a hardness measurement sample, and the temperature is 23 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C and the humidity is 50% ⁇ 5%. It was left at 16:00 in the environment. At the time of measurement, the samples were overlapped to a thickness of 6 mm or more. Hardness was measured using a hardness meter (manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd., Asker A type hardness meter).
- a polishing layer cut into a circle with 7 mm diameter is used as a sample for measuring compressibility, and the temperature is 2 It was allowed to stand for 40 hours in an environment of 3 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C and humidity of 50% ⁇ 5%.
- a thermal analysis measuring instrument T MA manufactured by SEIKO INSTRUMENTS, SS6000 was used to measure the compressibility. The compression rate was measured at a portion where no groove was formed. The formula for calculating the compression ratio is shown below.
- Compression rate (%) ⁇ (T 1— T 2) / T 1 ⁇ X 1 0 0
- T1 is thickness of the polishing layer when loaded with lifting 60 seconds coercive stress of 30KPa (300gZcm 2) from an unloaded state to the polishing layer
- T2 is from state of T1 180 kPa stress of (1800gZcm 2) This is the thickness of the polishing layer when the load is held for 60 seconds.
- a polishing layer cut into a circle with a diameter of 7 mm was used as a sample for measuring the compression recovery rate, and was allowed to stand for 40 hours in an environment of a temperature of 23 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C and a humidity of 50% ⁇ 5%.
- the thermal recovery measuring instrument TMA manufactured by SEIKO INSTRUMENTS, SS6000 was used to measure the compression recovery rate.
- the compression recovery rate was measured at a portion where no groove was formed.
- the formula for calculating the compression recovery rate is shown below.
- Compression recovery rate (%) ⁇ (T 3—T 2) / (T 1 -T 2) ⁇ X 1 0 0
- T1 Material thickness when the material is kept under no load from 30KPa (300gZcm 2 ) for 60 seconds,
- T2 Material thickness when the stress load of 180 KPa (1800 gZcm 2 ) is maintained for 60 seconds from the state of T1
- T3 The state force of T3: T2 is also maintained for 60 seconds in an unloaded state, and then the material thickness when a stress of 30 KPa (3O0gZcm 2 ) is maintained for 60 seconds,
- the polishing rate was calculated from the time obtained by polishing about 0.5 m of an 8-inch silicon wafer formed with a thermal oxide film: m.
- An interferometric film thickness measuring device manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.
- silica slurry SS 12, manufactured by Cabot Corporation
- the polishing load is 350
- the polishing platen rotation speed was 35 rpm
- the wafer rotation speed was 30 rpm.
- thermal oxide film After depositing 0.5 / zm of thermal oxide film on an 8-inch silicon wafer, perform predetermined patterning, deposit 1 ⁇ m of oxide film with p-TEOS, and make an initial step of 0.5 m. We made a patterned wafer. This wafer was polished under the above conditions, and after polishing, each step was measured to evaluate the planarization characteristics. Two steps were measured as flatness characteristics. One is a local step, which is a step in a pattern of 270 ⁇ m wide lines arranged in a 30 ⁇ m space, and the step after one minute was measured.
- the other is the amount of scraping: a pattern with 270 / zm wide lines arranged in a 30 ⁇ m space and a pattern with 30 ⁇ m wide lines arranged in a 270 ⁇ m space! /
- the amount of scraping in a 270 m space was measured when the level difference at the top of the two patterns was 2000 A or less.
- Low local step value This indicates that the unevenness of the oxide film generated due to the pattern dependence on the wafer is flattened at a certain time. It also indicates that if the amount of shaving of the space is small, it is desired to be shaved, but the amount of shaving of the portion is small and the flatness is high.
- In-plane uniformity (%) (Maximum film thickness Minimum film thickness) Da (Maximum film thickness + Minimum film thickness) X 1 0 0 [0125] (Number of scratches)
- ⁇ ⁇ Measures groove width at 3 points (upper, middle, lower) in depth direction when observing groove cross-sectional shape The average is within the target range, and the variation of the groove width at 3 points (upper, middle, lower) is 30 m or less, or the target is 10% or less of the width, and a rectangle appears.
- ⁇ The average groove width is within the target range, but the variation at the three groove widths (upper, middle, lower) is larger than 30 m.
- the rectangle appears to some extent, and the variation of the groove width at 3 points (upper, middle, lower) is 30 m or less, but the average groove width is aimed and slightly outside the range.
- the groove width is not within the target range.
- the groove on the surface of the groove force was evaluated using the following evaluation criteria.
- Groove machining is performed using a grooving blade with a finely polished edge, and the state of the edge after machining is checked.
- the R of the edge of the blade as shown in Fig. 5 was measured (using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or a microscope), and the size was evaluated using the following evaluation criteria. Evaluation criteria
- X to R 0.30mm or more (or there is a chip size)
- filtered polyether-based polymer manufactured by Eu-Royal, Adiprene L-325, NCO concentration: 2.22 meq / g
- filtered silicone-based surfactant manufactured by Toray 'Dow Silicone
- this sheet was subjected to surface puffing to a predetermined thickness using a puffing machine (Amitech) (sheet thickness: 1.27 mm).
- the physical properties of the layer sheet were an average bubble diameter of 45 m, a specific gravity of 0.86, an Asker D hardness of 53 degrees, a compression rate of 1.0%, a compression recovery rate of 65.0%, and a storage elastic modulus of 275 MPa.
- This puffed sheet is punched to a predetermined diameter (61 cm), and then grooved on the surface using a groove processing machine (manufactured by Toho Steel Machine Co., Ltd.) 0.25 mm, groove pitch 1.50 mm, groove depth 0.80 mm The concentric grooves were cut.
- the resin used for the production of the foam sheet was prepared without carrying out bubble agitation and then vacuum degassed to prepare a resin used for post-processing.
- the resin thus obtained was applied to the groove part in an uncured state, cured by heat treatment, and then the cured resin part was cut to form a groove again (post-processing). At this time, care was taken not to cut all the applied grease.
- a polishing layer was prepared in which the side surface and the bottom surface, which are the inner surfaces of the grooves, were both non-porous surfaces.
- the centerline average roughness (Ra) of the roughness curve of the inner surface of the groove before post-processing is 7 to 20 / zm, and Ra after post-caloe is 0.6 to 1. Met.
- a double-sided tape (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., double tack tape) was applied to the surface of the polishing layer sheet opposite to the grooved surface to obtain a polishing layer.
- a cushion layer consisting of two layers was bonded to the pressure-sensitive adhesive surface of the above-prepared polishing layer sheet with double-sided tape using a laminator to prepare a polishing pad.
- Polishing could be carried out stably for a long time without abnormal stagnation of polishing debris and slurry in the groove.
- a fluorine-coated reaction vessel 100 parts by weight of a filtered polyether-based polymer (manufactured by Eu-Royal, Adiprene L-325, NCO concentration: 2.22 meq / g), and a filtered silicone-based nonionic surfactant 3 parts by weight of an agent (manufactured by Toray Dow Silicone, SH192) was mixed, and the temperature was adjusted to 80 ° C. Using a fluorine-coated stirrer blade, the mixture was vigorously stirred for about 4 minutes so that bubbles were taken into the reaction system at 900 rpm.
- this sheet was subjected to surface puffing to a predetermined thickness using a puffing machine (manufactured by Amitech Co., Ltd.) to obtain a sheet with adjusted thickness accuracy (sheet thickness: 1.27 mm).
- the physical properties of the sheet for use were an average bubble diameter of 45 m, a specific gravity of 0.86, an Asker D hardness of 53 degrees, a compression rate of 1.0%, a compression recovery rate of 65.0%, and a storage modulus of 275 MPa.
- This puffed sheet is punched into a predetermined diameter (61 cm), and a groove processing machine (manufactured by Toho Koki Co., Ltd.) is used to make a groove width of 0.25 mm, groove pitch of 1.50 mm, and groove depth of 0.80 mm A concentric groove cutting process was performed to prepare a polishing layer sheet having a polished surface with a groove force.
- a groove processing machine manufactured by Toho Koki Co., Ltd.
- the surface roughness of both the side surface and the bottom surface, which is the inner surface of this grooved groove, is 7 to 7 before post-processing. 20 ⁇ m.
- a double-sided tape (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., double tack tape) was applied to the surface opposite to the grooved surface of this polishing layer sheet to obtain a polishing layer.
- Polyethylene foam with a puffed surface and corona treatment made by Torayen earth, Torepefu, thickness
- a cushion layer was bonded to the pressure-sensitive adhesive surface of the prepared double-sided polishing layer sheet with a double-sided tape using a laminator. Further, a double-sided tape was attached to the cushion layer surface to prepare a polishing pad.
- a fluorine-coated reaction vessel 100 parts by weight of a filtered polyether-based polymer (Auprene L-325, isocyanate group concentration: 2.22 meqZ, manufactured by Eu-Royal) and a filtered silicone-based surfactant (Toray Dow) 3 parts by weight of SHI 92) manufactured by Silicone Co. were mixed to adjust the reaction temperature to 80 ° C. Using a fluorine-coated stirrer, the mixture was vigorously stirred for about 4 minutes so that air bubbles were taken into the reaction system at a rotation speed of 900 rpm.
- a fluorine-coated stirrer 100 parts by weight of a filtered polyether-based polymer (Auprene L-325, isocyanate group concentration: 2.22 meqZ, manufactured by Eu-Royal) and a filtered silicone-based surfactant (Toray Dow) 3 parts by weight of SHI 92) manufactured by Silicone Co.
- this sheet was subjected to surface puffing to a predetermined thickness using a puffing machine (made by Amitec Co., Ltd.) to obtain a sheet with adjusted thickness accuracy (sheet thickness: 1.27 mm).
- sheet thickness 1.27 mm.
- the average cell diameter on the surface was 45 m
- the specific gravity was 0.86 gZcm 3
- the hardness was 53 degrees
- the compression rate was 1.0%
- the compression recovery rate was 65.0%
- the storage elastic modulus was 2 75 MPa.
- This puffed sheet was punched out to a diameter of 61 cm, and a concentric groove force with a groove width of 0.25 mm, a groove depth of 0.40 mm, and a groove pitch of 1.5 mm was formed on the surface using a groove processing machine. went.
- the feed rate of the grooving blade at that time was No. 1 shown in Table 2 below.
- the surface roughness of the obtained grooved surface was measured, and the groove shape, surface burr and grooved blade wear were evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
- Use a laminator on the opposite side of the grooved surface of this sheet apply double-sided tape (Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., double tack tape), and corona-treated cushion sheet (Torayen clay, polyethylene foam) , Torepefu, thickness
- the surface of 0.8 mm) was puffed and bonded to the sheet using a laminator.
- a double-sided tape was attached to the other side of the cushion sheet using a laminator to prepare a polishing pad.
- a polishing pad was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that No. 4 in Table 2 below was used as the grooving blade feed speed during grooving. The surface roughness of the obtained grooved surface was measured, and the groove shape, surface burr and grooved blade wear were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2 below.
- a polishing pad was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that No. 11 in Table 2 below was used as the grooving blade feed speed during grooving. The surface roughness of the obtained grooved surface was measured, and the groove shape, surface burr and grooved blade wear were evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
- the polishing pads of the present invention of Examples 2 and 3 have a smaller number of scratches with a surface roughness (Ra) of the grooved surface that is smaller than that of the polishing pad of Comparative Example 2. It can be seen that the polishing characteristics are very good due to its small size. In addition, the polishing pads of Examples 2 and 3 using the manufacturing method of the present invention are remarkably reduced in the surface of the pad due to grooving. [0151] On the other hand, the polishing pad of Comparative Example 2 that does not use the manufacturing method of the present invention has a very high number of scratches, although the polishing rate is not lowered. The surface burr becomes very bad!
- the feed rates of the grooving blades of the polishing pads of Example 2, Example 3 and Comparative Example 2 are as shown in Nos. 1, 4 and 11 of Table 2.
- the feed rate of the grooved knives blade changes stepwise.
- the above feed rate gradually increases, and in No. 1, it increases or decreases. ing.
- No. 11 shows a conventional polishing pad manufacturing method in which the grooving blade feed rates are all the same. As shown in No. 1 and No.
- the polishing pad of the present invention for polishing an object to be polished such as a semiconductor wafer, the polishing rate can be maintained within a preferable range, and the in-plane polishing uniformity of the object to be polished can be improved. Can do. Further, by using the polishing pad of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of abnormal slurry retention.
- the polishing pad of the present invention is useful for the production of semiconductor devices.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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US11/912,092 US20090075568A1 (en) | 2005-05-18 | 2006-02-24 | Polishing pad, method of producing the same and method of producing semiconductor device by using the same |
CN200680017013.3A CN101175603B (zh) | 2005-05-18 | 2006-02-24 | 一种生产半导体晶片抛光垫的方法 |
US13/615,065 US8517798B2 (en) | 2005-05-18 | 2012-09-13 | Polishing pad, method of producing the same and method of producing semiconductor device by using the same |
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JP2005145599A JP3769581B1 (ja) | 2005-05-18 | 2005-05-18 | 研磨パッドおよびその製造方法 |
JP2005-145599 | 2005-05-18 |
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US11/912,092 A-371-Of-International US20090075568A1 (en) | 2005-05-18 | 2006-02-24 | Polishing pad, method of producing the same and method of producing semiconductor device by using the same |
US13/615,065 Division US8517798B2 (en) | 2005-05-18 | 2012-09-13 | Polishing pad, method of producing the same and method of producing semiconductor device by using the same |
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WO2006123463A1 true WO2006123463A1 (ja) | 2006-11-23 |
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US (2) | US20090075568A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3769581B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101214687B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101175603B (ja) |
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JP2012121115A (ja) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-28 | Ritsumeikan | 研磨パッド |
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- 2006-02-24 WO PCT/JP2006/303454 patent/WO2006123463A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-02-24 CN CN200680017013.3A patent/CN101175603B/zh active Active
- 2006-02-24 US US11/912,092 patent/US20090075568A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-02-27 TW TW095106611A patent/TWI371340B/zh active
- 2006-02-28 MY MYPI20060858A patent/MY141334A/en unknown
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2012
- 2012-09-13 US US13/615,065 patent/US8517798B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US8517798B2 (en) | 2013-08-27 |
JP2006320998A (ja) | 2006-11-30 |
CN101175603B (zh) | 2014-12-10 |
MY141334A (en) | 2010-04-16 |
JP3769581B1 (ja) | 2006-04-26 |
US20130000459A1 (en) | 2013-01-03 |
KR20080005558A (ko) | 2008-01-14 |
KR101214687B1 (ko) | 2012-12-21 |
TW200640612A (en) | 2006-12-01 |
TWI371340B (en) | 2012-09-01 |
US20090075568A1 (en) | 2009-03-19 |
CN101175603A (zh) | 2008-05-07 |
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