WO2005105345A1 - フレーク銅粉及びその製造方法並びに導電性ペースト - Google Patents
フレーク銅粉及びその製造方法並びに導電性ペースト Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005105345A1 WO2005105345A1 PCT/JP2005/007877 JP2005007877W WO2005105345A1 WO 2005105345 A1 WO2005105345 A1 WO 2005105345A1 JP 2005007877 W JP2005007877 W JP 2005007877W WO 2005105345 A1 WO2005105345 A1 WO 2005105345A1
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- copper powder
- flake
- slurry
- flake copper
- aqueous solution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
- B22F1/0551—Flake form nanoparticles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/068—Flake-like particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/07—Metallic powder characterised by particles having a nanoscale microstructure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/102—Metallic powder coated with organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/16—Metallic particles coated with a non-metal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
- H05K1/092—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks
- H05K1/095—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks for polymer thick films, i.e. having a permanent organic polymeric binder
Definitions
- the present invention relates to flake copper powder, a method for producing the same, and a conductive paste.
- flake copper powder used as a raw material of a copper paste used for forming a circuit of a printed wiring board and ensuring electrical continuity of external electrodes of a ceramic capacitor a method for producing the same, and conductivity using the flake copper powder It is related to a conductive paste.
- a conductive paste in which copper powder, which is a conductive material, is dispersed in a paste is printed on a substrate, and then the paste is baked or cured and cured.
- a method for forming a circuit There is known a method for forming a circuit.
- the copper powder used for the conductive paste is particularly oxidized when the copper powder is exposed to oxygen and oxidized when removing the solvent, that is, when removing the paste component from the conductive paste by firing. It is not preferable because the resistance of the formed copper thick film becomes high. Therefore, it is desirable that the copper powder has excellent oxidation resistance. However, it is considered that the oxidation resistance can be increased by enlarging the crystallites in the copper powder and reducing the crystal grain boundaries in the copper powder. Can be Therefore, it is desired that the copper powder has as large a crystallite as possible in the copper powder.
- a ceramic substrate is used for, for example, a portion generating a large amount of heat, such as an IC knockout.
- the thermal shrinkage of the ceramic substrate is generally different from the thermal shrinkage of the copper thick film generated from the printed conductive paste.
- the ceramic substrate and the copper thick film may peel off or the substrate itself may be deformed. For this reason, the thermal shrinkage of the ceramic substrate and the copper thick film generated from the printed conductive paste are reduced.
- the heat shrinkage ratio is a value as close as possible.
- One of the causes of the thermal shrinkage of the copper thick film at the time of baking is that voids remaining between the copper powders in the conductive paste when the conductive paste is removed from the medium, cause the copper powders to burn together. It is thought that it will be reduced by the conclusion. Therefore, in order to obtain a copper powder-containing conductive paste having a small heat shrinkage, voids remaining between the copper powders should be as small as possible, that is, the copper powders are likely to be densely filled. The shape is desired. Further, in order to improve the conductivity of the thick copper film obtained by baking the conductive paste, it is preferable that the shape of the copper powder is such that the contact area between the copper powders in the conductive paste is large.
- the shape anisotropy decreases as the shape of the copper powder of the conductive paste becomes closer to a sphere, and the shape anisotropy increases as the shape of the copper powder becomes flatter. From such a request for the shape of the copper powder, conventionally, it has been studied to use a flake copper powder in which the shape of the copper powder itself is not spherical but flake.
- the flake copper powder preferably has a sharp particle size distribution so that the conductive paste has good dispersibility in the paste.
- the copper powder used for the conductive paste is fine, has a sharp particle size distribution, and has a large crystallite.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-119501
- the aspect ratio ([thickness] Z [D]) represented by the thickness of the powder particles constituting the flake copper powder and the volume cumulative particle diameter D is Flake copper powder which is 0.3 ⁇ 0.7
- a flake copper powder having a fine particle and a flat flake shape can be obtained.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-119501 (page 2)
- the flake copper powder described in Patent Document 1 is a fine particle
- the copper powder in an agglomerated state is pulverized
- the powder of the copper powder that has been subjected to the pulverization is subjected to a high-energy ball mill. Because it is manufactured by compressive deformation, copper powder is oxidized or deformed during compressive deformation. Or crystallites tend to be small.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a flake copper powder which is fine, has a sharp particle size distribution, has a large crystallite, and is excellent in oxidation resistance, and a conductive paste using the flake copper powder. is there.
- flake copper powder containing P in particular, flake copper powder having a specific powder shape
- a specific phosphorus is used in at least one of a plurality of steps of reducing copper (II) ions contained in a copper salt in a starting material to precipitate copper powder.
- reducing copper (II) ions contained in a copper salt in a starting material to precipitate copper powder.
- an acid and a salt thereof are added, a flake copper powder having a small crystallite size and a large crystallite diameter and excellent oxidation resistance can be obtained without performing compression deformation treatment as in Patent Document 1.
- the inventors have found that copper powder tends to have a sharp particle size distribution, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention provides a flake copper powder containing P.
- the present invention provides a flake copper powder characterized in that the content of P is from 10 ppm to 200 ppm (where D is a laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution measurement method).
- the cumulative volume particle size ( ⁇ m) at a cumulative volume of 50% by volume is shown. ).
- D is 0.3 ⁇ m
- it is 50-7 ⁇ m.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention preferably has a crystallite diameter of 25 nm or more.
- the powder particles constituting the flake copper powder according to the present invention have an average particle diameter D ( ⁇ m) calculated by image analysis of an SEM image obtained by directly observing with a scanning electron microscope.
- the aspect ratio (D / t) obtained by dividing by the powder thickness t ( ⁇ m) is 2
- It is preferably in the form of IA to 50 flakes.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention is characterized in that SD / D is 0.45 or less.
- the volume cumulative particle size at 50% by volume of the cumulative volume m) is shown by The standard deviation ( ⁇ m) of the particle size distribution obtained by the method is shown. ), Preferably to be.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention is characterized in that D / ⁇ is 3.0 or less.
- the volume cumulative particle diameter ( ⁇ m) at a cumulative volume of 10% by volume and 90% by volume by the random particle size distribution measurement method is shown, and SD is the standard deviation ( ⁇ m) of the particle size distribution obtained by the above-mentioned method. ) Is preferable.
- the method for producing flaked copper powder according to the present invention comprises a first step of preparing an aqueous solution containing a copper salt and a complexing agent, and a first slurry containing cupric oxide by adding an alkali hydroxide to the aqueous solution.
- a method for producing flake copper powder comprising: adding a second reducing agent capable of reducing cuprous oxide to copper to the second slurry to obtain flake copper powder; To adding phosphoric acid and a salt thereof in at least one of the third step and / or adding phosphoric acid and a salt thereof to the second slurry in the fourth step. It is preferable to adopt a production method.
- the phosphoric acid and the salt thereof added in at least one of the first to third steps, and / or the second step in the fourth step.
- the total amount of the phosphoric acid and the salt thereof to be added to the slurry is such that the amount of P in the phosphoric acid and the salt thereof is 0 with respect to 1 mol of copper contained in the aqueous solution, the first slurry or the second slurry. It is preferably from 001 mol to 3 mol.
- the first slurry contains 1.05 equivalent to 1.50 equivalent of the alkali hydroxide per 1 equivalent of the copper salt. Les ,.
- the complexing agent is an amino acid.
- the first reducing agent is a reducing sugar.
- the second reducing agent may be hydrazide. Hydrazine, hydrazine sulfate, hydrazine sulfate, hydrazine carbonate, and hydrazine hydrochloride. .
- the aqueous solution may be mixed with the complexing agent based on 1 mol of copper contained in the aqueous solution, the first slurry or the second slurry. It preferably contains 0.005 mol to 10 mol.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a flake copper powder characterized in that an organic surface treatment layer is formed on the surface by the above-described method for producing a flake copper powder according to the present invention.
- the coverage of the organic surface treatment layer is 0.05% by weight to 2% by weight based on the flake copper powder.
- Flake copper powder is 0.05% by weight to 2% by weight based on the flake copper powder.
- the present invention provides a conductive paste containing the flake copper powder and the resin according to the present invention.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention is a fine particle that is not subjected to a compression deformation operation and thus is difficult to be oxidized or distorted, has a sharp particle size distribution, and has a large crystallite. In this case, it is excellent in oxidation resistance at the time of removing the solvent, dispersibility in the paste, and filling of the conductive paste, and can further refine electrodes and circuits formed from the copper thick film.
- the method for producing flake copper powder according to the present invention can efficiently produce the flake copper powder according to the present invention.
- the conductive paste according to the present invention is excellent in oxidation resistance and filling property at the time of solvent removal, and can further fine-tune electrodes, circuits, and the like formed from a copper thick film.
- the film can have excellent heat shrink resistance.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention is a flake-like powder having a microscopic shape of the particles.
- the flake-like powder means that the primary particles of the copper powder have a flake shape, and does not refer to the properties of the secondary particles formed by agglomeration of the primary particles.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention has a D force of usually 0.3 ⁇ ! ⁇ , Preferably 0.5 xm
- 50 and D are the cumulative volume of 10 volumes by the laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution measurement method, respectively.
- %, 50% by volume and 90% by volume indicate the volume cumulative particle size ( ⁇ ).
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention has a crystallite size of 25 nm or more, preferably 35 nm or more.
- the crystallite diameter is within the above range, the dimensional change of the copper thick film occurs before and after the formation of the copper thick film by the conductive paste using the flake copper powder, thereby causing thermal contraction of the copper thick film. It is difficult for the film to peel off from the ceramic substrate or for the ceramic substrate to be deformed due to the dimensional change of the copper thick film, and the oxidation resistance of the flake copper powder when the paste is removed from the conductive paste tends to increase. preferable.
- the crystallite diameter refers to an average value of crystallite diameters obtained from X-ray diffraction of a flake copper powder sample and determined from the half width of the peak of the diffraction angle of each crystal plane.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention has a crystallite diameter ZD force of usually 0.01 or more, preferably 0.01 or more.
- the dimensional change of the thick copper film before and after the formation of the thick copper film by the conductive paste makes it difficult to cause thermal shrinkage of the thick copper film, and the oxidation resistance of the flake copper powder when removing the paste from the conductive paste is reduced. This is preferable because it tends to be high.
- the crystallite diameter ZD is less than 0.01
- the heat-shrinkage of the copper thick film due to the dimensional change of the copper thick film before and after the formation of the copper thick film by the conductive paste using the flake copper powder easily occurs. It is not preferable because the oxidation resistance of the flake copper powder at the time of removing the solvent in one strike tends to be low.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention has a D force of usually 0.3 ⁇ m
- the filling property of the conductive paste produced using the flake copper powder is easily improved, which is preferable.
- D is less than 0.3 m, the viscosity of the conductive paste will increase.
- D used in the present invention is defined as a cumulative volume of 50% by volume based on a laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution measuring method.
- the average particle diameter of the major axis ( ⁇ m) of the major axis ( ⁇ m) of each flaky copper powder (the number of sampled sampnoles of the flaky copper powder is 10 or more) measured from the SEM image obtained by directly observing the sample at 5000 ⁇ to 20000 ⁇ ⁇ m).
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention is obtained by dividing D by the thickness t (xm) of the flake copper powder.
- the contact area between them can be increased and the resistance of the copper thick film can be easily reduced.
- the aspect ratio (D / t) is less than 2, the copper powder in the conductive paste
- the thickness t (xm) of the flake copper powder means an average thickness measured by direct observation of a scanning electron micrograph.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention contains P in the flake copper powder.
- the content of P in the flake copper powder is usually 10 ppm to 200 ppm, preferably ⁇ 30 ppm to 100 ppm, and more preferably ⁇ 50 ppm to 80 ppm.
- the content of P is within the above range, the oxidation resistance of the flake copper powder tends to be high, so that it is preferable.
- the content of P is less than 10 ppm, it is not preferable because the flake copper powder has insufficient oxidation resistance and the flake copper powder becomes difficult to flatten. Further, when the content of P exceeds 200 ppm, the resistance of the flake copper powder tends to increase, which is not preferable.
- ppm means parts per million by weight.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention has an SD / D of usually 0.45 or less, preferably 0.4 or less. is there. When SD / D is within the above range, the particle size distribution of the flake copper powder is sharp.
- SD refers to a standard deviation ( ⁇ m) of a particle size distribution obtained by a laser diffraction scattering type particle size distribution measuring method.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention has a D / ⁇ of usually 3.0 or less, preferably 2.5 or less.
- flaky copper powder according to the present invention is generally a specific surface area 0. 2m 2 / g ⁇ 4. 0m 2 / g, preferably 0. 3m 2 / g ⁇ 2. 2m 2 / g. If the specific surface area exceeds 4.0 m 2 / g, the viscosity of the conductive paste formed from the flake copper powder may be too high, which is not preferable.
- the specific surface area means a BET specific surface area.
- the tap density is usually 2. Og / cm 3 or more, preferably 3. 3 g / cm 3 ⁇ 5. Og / cm 3.
- the dispersibility of the flake copper powder in the paste during the preparation of the conductive paste is good, and the preparation of the conductive paste is easy.
- the formation of appropriate voids between the flake copper powder during the formation facilitates the removal of the solvent from the coating when the coating is fired, thereby increasing the density of the fired film. This is preferable because the resistance of the thick film tends to be low.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention further has an organic surface treatment layer formed on the surface thereof, the flakes in the paste may be used to form a thick copper film by firing a conductive paste coating film.
- the surface of the copper powder can be prevented from being oxidized by oxygen in the firing atmosphere to form a copper oxide film on the surface, thereby preventing the electrical resistance of the thick copper film from increasing due to the change over time. Preferred, because you can.
- the organic surface treatment layer is formed by coating an organic compound on the surface of flake copper powder.
- the organic compound used in the present invention include a saturated fatty acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, a nitrogen-containing organic compound, a sulfur-containing organic compound, a silane coupling agent, and the like. Let's do it.
- saturated fatty acid used in the present invention examples include enanthic acid (C H C HH),
- Prillic acid C H COOH
- pelargonic acid C H C ⁇ H
- Lumitic acid C H C ⁇ H
- heptadecylic acid C H COOH
- stearic acid C
- CHCOOH Henic acid
- nitrogen-containing organic compound used in the present invention examples include 1,2,3-benzotriazole, carboxybenzotriazole, ⁇ ′, N′-bis (benzotriazolylmethyl) uria, and 1H — Triazole compounds having a substituent such as 1,2,4-triazole and 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole.
- sulfur-containing organic compound used in the present invention examples include sulfur-containing organic compounds such as mercaptobenzothiazole, thiocyanuric acid, and 2-benzimidazolethiol.
- silane coupling agent used in the present invention examples include a butyl trimethoxy silane coupling agent, a diphenyl dimethoxy silane coupling agent, and the like.
- the oxidation resistance of the flake copper powder and the conductivity of the conductive paste prepared from the flake copper powder can be improved. It is preferable because the filling property is easily increased.
- saturated fatty acids unsaturated fatty acids, nitrogen-containing organic compounds, sulfur-containing organic compounds, silane coupling agents and the like, one or a mixture of two or more thereof can be used. .
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention has a coating ratio of the organic surface treatment layer of usually 0.05 to 2% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight based on the flake copper powder. %.
- the coverage of the organic surface treatment layer means the ratio of the weight of the organic surface treatment layer to the weight of the untreated flake copper powder having no organic surface treatment layer.
- the coverage of the organic surface treatment layer is in the above range, the oxidation resistance of the conductive paste is easily improved, and the oxidation resistance of the flake copper powder is easily improved.
- the coverage of the organic surface treatment layer exceeds 2% by weight, the temporal stability of the viscosity of the conductive paste tends to be low, which is not preferable.
- the specific surface area is usually 0 ⁇ lm 2 / g ⁇ 3. 5m 2 / g, preferably from 0 ⁇ 2m 2 / g ⁇ 2 0 m 2 / g. If the specific surface area exceeds 3.5 m 2 / g, the viscosity of the conductive paste formed from flake copper powder may be too high, which is not preferable.
- flaky copper powder according to the present invention when forming the organic surface treatment layer, a tap density of typically 3. Og / cm 3 or more, preferably 3 ⁇ 5g / cm 3 ⁇ 5. 5g / cm 3 is there.
- the tap density is within the above range, the dispersion of the flake copper powder in the paste during the preparation of the conductive paste is good, and the preparation of the conductive paste is easy.
- the formation of appropriate voids between the flake copper powders at the time of removal facilitates the removal of the solvent of the coating power when firing the coating film, thereby improving the density of the fired film. This is preferable because the resistance tends to be low.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following method.
- the method for producing flake copper powder according to the present invention comprises a first step of preparing an aqueous solution containing a copper salt and a complexing agent (hereinafter, referred to as an “aqueous copper salt solution”), and adding an alkali hydroxide to the aqueous solution.
- the aqueous copper salt solution is an aqueous solution obtained by mixing a copper salt and a complexing agent, and copper (II) ions derived from the copper salt combine with the complexing agent to form a Cu complex. Is what you have.
- the copper salt used in the present invention a copper salt soluble in water is used, and for example, copper sulfate, copper nitrate, copper acetate or a hydrate thereof can be used. Among them, copper sulfate pentahydrate and copper nitrate are preferable because they have high solubility as salts and can increase the copper concentration, and flake copper powder having high uniformity in particle size is easily obtained.
- the complexing agent used in the present invention is a complexing agent for copper ions in an aqueous solution. In the present invention, a copper (II) ion obtained from a copper salt is converted into a Cu complex to form a complex in the second step.
- the complexing agent for example, amino acids, tartaric acid and the like can be used.
- amino acid for example, aminoacetic acid, alanine, gnoretamic acid and the like can be used. Of these, aminoacetic acid is preferable because flake copper powder having a high uniformity in particle size can be easily obtained.
- the complexions may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the aqueous copper salt solution is prepared by dissolving a copper salt and a complex agent in water.
- the method and order of dissolving the copper salt and the complexing agent in water are not particularly limited.
- a method for dissolving the copper salt and the complexing agent in water for example, a method in which water is stirred, and the copper salt and the complexing agent are added thereto and stirred.
- the water used for preparing the aqueous copper salt solution pure water, ion-exchanged water, ultrapure water and the like are preferable because the flake copper powder is fine and the crystallite diameter tends to be large.
- the water temperature is usually 50 ° C to 90 ° C, preferably 60 ° C to 80 ° C.
- the aqueous copper salt solution generally contains 0.005 mol to 10 mol, preferably 0.01 mol to 5 mol, of a complexing agent per 1 mol of copper contained therein. It is preferable that the mixing ratio of the complexing agent to the copper salt is within the above range, since the flake copper powder is fine, the crystallite diameter increases, and the shape tends to be a flake having a high flattening rate.
- the aqueous copper salt solution generally contains 10 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 40 parts by weight of the copper salt, based on 100 parts by weight of water. It is preferable that the mixing ratio of the copper salt to water is within the above range, since flake copper powder having a high particle size uniformity can be easily obtained.
- a first slurry containing cupric oxide is prepared by adding an alkali hydroxide to a copper salt aqueous solution.
- the first slurry refers to a slurry obtained by adding aluminum hydroxide to the aqueous copper salt solution and in which fine particles of cupric oxide (CuO) are precipitated.
- a method for adding the alkali hydroxide to the copper salt aqueous solution for example, a method in which the copper salt aqueous solution is kept in a stirred state, and an alkali hydroxide aqueous solution is added thereto and stirred.
- the liquid temperature is usually 50 ° C to 90 ° C, preferably 60 ° C to 80 ° C.
- the liquid temperature is within the above range, the agglomeration of the primary particles is small, the uniformity of the particle size is high, and the flake copper powder is easily obtained.
- the alkali hydroxide used in the present invention has an action of converting a Cu complex in the aqueous copper salt solution into cupric oxide (CuO) in the present invention.
- the alkali hydroxide for example, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia, aqueous ammonia or the like can be used. Of these, sodium hydroxide is preferable because it is inexpensive and easily controls the reaction for forming cupric oxide. If the alkali hydroxide is kept in an aqueous solution, when the alkali hydroxide is added to the aqueous solution, the reaction of the Cu complex to cupric oxide (CuO) in the copper salt aqueous solution is rapidly performed. Therefore, it is preferable because the variation in the particle size of the flake copper powder is likely to be small.
- the first slurry generally contains 1.05 to 1.50 equivalents, preferably 1.10 to 1.30 equivalents of the alkali hydroxide per 1 equivalent of the copper salt. It is preferable that the mixing ratio of the alkali hydroxide be within the above range, since flake copper powder having a high uniformity in particle size can be easily obtained.
- the equivalents of the copper salt and the alkali hydroxide are the equivalent as an acid and the base, respectively. Means the equivalent.
- the mixture is further stirred usually for 10 to 60 minutes, preferably for 20 to 40 minutes. If stirring is continued even after the addition of alkali hydroxide, the reaction of the Cu complex to cupric oxide (CuO) is sufficiently performed, and flake copper powder with high uniform particle size is easily obtained. It is good.
- a first reducing agent capable of reducing cupric oxide to cuprous oxide is added to the first slurry to prepare a second slurry containing cuprous oxide.
- the second slurry refers to cuprous oxide (Cu) in a liquid obtained by adding a first reducing agent to the first slurry.
- the first slurry is stirred, and an aqueous solution of the first reducing agent is added thereto, followed by stirring.
- the liquid temperature is usually 50 ° C to 90 ° C, preferably 60 ° C to 80 ° C.
- the liquid temperature is within the above range, it is preferable because flake copper powder having a small particle size and high uniformity can be easily obtained.
- the first reducing agent used in the present invention has an action of reducing cupric oxide (CuO) in the first slurry to cuprous oxide (CuO) in the present invention.
- CuO cupric oxide
- CuO cuprous oxide
- reducing sugar for example, reducing sugar, hydrazine and the like can be used.
- reducing sugar for example, glucose, fructose, ratatose and the like can be used. Of these, dalcos is preferable because the reaction is easily controlled.
- the first reducing agent can be used alone or in combination of two or more. If the first reducing agent is in an aqueous solution state, when the first reducing agent is added to the first slurry, cupric oxide (CuO) of cupric oxide (CuO) in the first slurry is added. ) Is rapidly carried out to reduce the particle size of the flake copper powder.
- the second slurry generally contains the first reducing agent in an amount of 0.1 mol to 3.0 monol, preferably 0.3 monol to 1.5 mol, per 1 mol of the copper salt contained in the first slurry. .
- cupric oxide (CuO) is reduced to cuprous oxide (CuO).
- the reaction is performed sufficiently and the synthesized flake copper powder has low primary particle aggregation. It is preferable because it is easy.
- the third step after the first slurry is added to the first slurry to prepare the second slurry, it is desirable to further stir the mixture for usually 10 minutes to 60 minutes, preferably 20 minutes to 40 minutes.
- the reduction reaction of cupric oxide (Cu ⁇ ) to cuprous oxide (Cu O) is sufficiently performed.
- the powder is liable to become agglomerated with primary particles and has low coagulation.
- a flake copper powder is obtained by adding a second reducing agent capable of reducing cuprous oxide to copper to the second slurry.
- phosphoric acid and a salt thereof are added in at least one of the first to third steps, and / or added to the second slurry in the fourth step. Therefore, when the second reducing agent is added in the fourth step, phosphoric acid and its salt always exist in the second slurry.
- phosphoric acid and a salt thereof mean a substance capable of supplying a phosphate ion such as an orthophosphate ion, a pyrophosphate ion, and a metaphosphate ion in the presence of water or less.
- P is contained in the obtained flake copper powder, which is presumed to have the effect of reducing the particle size of the flake copper powder and increasing the crystallite diameter.
- Examples of the phosphoric acid and salts thereof used in the present invention include polyphosphoric acid such as phosphoric acid and pyrophosphoric acid; metaphosphoric acid such as trimetaphosphoric acid; phosphates such as sodium phosphate and potassium phosphate; sodium pyrophosphate; Examples include polyphosphates such as potassium pyrophosphate, and metaphosphates such as sodium trimetaphosphate and potassium trimetaphosphate.
- phosphoric acid and a salt thereof are added, and / or in the fourth step, phosphoric acid and a salt thereof are added to the second slurry.
- the obtained flake copper powder is not preferable because the oxidation resistance tends to be insufficient and the flake copper powder hardly becomes flat. Also, the P conversion amount exceeds 3 moles. It is not preferable because the resistance of the flake copper powder tends to increase.
- Examples of a method for adding the second reducing agent to the second slurry include a method in which the second slurry is kept in a stirred state, and an aqueous solution of the second reducing agent is added thereto and stirred. .
- the liquid temperature is usually 50 ° C to 90 ° C, preferably 60 ° C to 80 ° C. When the liquid temperature is within the above range, it is preferable because the aggregation of primary particles is small, the uniformity of particle diameter is high, and flake copper powder is easily obtained.
- the second reducing agent used in the present invention has an action of reducing cuprous oxide (CuO) in the second slurry to Cu in the present invention.
- CuO cuprous oxide
- the second reducing agent for example,
- At least one selected from the group consisting of azine can be used.
- the particle size of the obtained flake copper powder according to the present invention will be described. This is preferable because the particle size of the flake copper powder is easily within the range of the particle size.
- the time required for the addition is usually 1 minute to 60 minutes, preferably 3 minutes to 40 minutes.
- the second reducing agent is usually contained in an amount of 0.5 mol to 6.0 mol, preferably 0.8 mol to 3.0 mol, per 1 mol of the copper salt contained in the second slurry.
- the mixing ratio of the second reducing agent to the copper salt is within the above range, the reduction reaction of cuprous oxide (Cu ⁇ ) to Cu is sufficiently performed.
- the fourth step after the second reducing agent is added to the second slurry, it is desirable to further stir usually for 20 minutes to 2 hours, preferably for 40 minutes to 1.5 hours. If the stirring is continued after the addition of the second reducing agent, the reduction reaction of cuprous oxide (Cu ⁇ ) to Cu is sufficiently performed.
- flake copper powder is generated in the slurry.
- the flake copper powder can be obtained, for example, by filtering a slurry using Nutchi II or the like, washing the filter cake with pure water, further washing with a methanol solution containing oleic acid or the like, and drying.
- the mechanism by which flake copper powder is obtained only by performing a reducing action is unknown, but in the present invention, phosphoric acid and phosphoric acid are contained in the second slurry before adding the second reducing agent used in the fourth step. If the salt is present, flake copper powder is obtained, so cuprous oxide is reduced to copper It is presumed that phosphoric acid and its salts cause some action to form flaked copper powder.
- the organic compound When an organic surface treatment layer is formed on the surface of the flaked copper powder, the organic compound may be flaked by a known method such as a dry method or a wet method. A method of coating the surface of copper powder.
- the conductive paste according to the present invention contains the flake copper powder according to the present invention and a resin.
- a resin for example, acrylic resin
- Epoxy resin ethyl cellulose, carboxyethyl cellulose and the like.
- the content of the flake copper powder according to the present invention is usually 30% to 98% by weight, preferably 40% to 90% by weight. It is preferable that the content of the flake copper powder be within the above range because the specific resistance of the formed copper wiring is likely to be low.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention can be used as a raw material for electrodes for firing, a raw material for conductive paste, and the like, by itself or as a mixture with other spherical powder.
- the flake copper powder according to the present invention is mixed with, for example, a known paste used for producing a conductive paste to obtain a conductive paste in which the flake copper powder is dispersed.
- the conductive paste can be used as a copper paste used for, for example, forming a circuit of a printed wiring board, securing electrical continuity of external electrodes of a ceramic capacitor, and EMI measures.
- the obtained slurry was filtered using Nutchi II, and the filter cake was washed with pure water and further washed with methanol. The cake was dried to obtain flake copper powder.
- the mixture was dispersed with a sonic homogenizer (US-300T, manufactured by Nippon Seiki Seisaku-sho) for 5 minutes.
- a sonic homogenizer US-300T, manufactured by Nippon Seiki Seisaku-sho
- Microtrack HRA9320-XI00 manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd., manufactured by Leeds + Northrup Co., Ltd.
- the cumulative volume determined by the laser diffraction scattering method is 10%, 50%, 90%, and 100%.
- D, D, D, and D are defined as D, D, D, and D, respectively, and the standard deviation ( ⁇ ) of the particle size distribution obtained in these measurements.
- the major axis (xm) of the copper powder particles in the copper powder sample was measured for 200 copper powder particles, and the average of the major axes was determined.
- Method of measuring P content The sample powder was dissolved in dilute nitric acid, the P concentration of the solution was measured using an ICP emission analyzer, and the P content in the powder was calculated from the concentration. .
- Method for measuring TG The copper powder was heated in an air atmosphere at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min, and the weight change of the copper powder was measured.
- the obtained slurry was filtered using Nutchi II, and the filter cake was washed with pure water and further washed with methanol.
- the filter cake was immersed in a methanol solution obtained by dissolving lg oleic acid in 3 L of methanol for 1 hour, washed with methanol, and dried to obtain flake copper powder.
- a filter paper is laid on the bottom of the notch ⁇ , the flake copper powder is placed on the filter paper, a solution of oleic acid lg dispersed in methanol 11 is added thereto, and the mixture is left for 30 minutes. Activated and suction filtered.
- the flake copper powder remaining on the glass filter paper was taken out and dried at 70 ° C for 5 hours to obtain flake copper powder having a surface coated with oleic acid.
- the obtained slurry was filtered using Nutchi II, and the filter cake was washed with pure water and further washed with methanol.
- the filter cake was immersed in a methanol solution obtained by dissolving lg oleic acid in 3 L of methanol for 1 hour, washed with methanol, and dried to obtain a copper powder.
- the copper powder was subjected to a treatment for 60 minutes using Dynomill KDL manufactured by Willy A. Bachofen AG Maschinenfabrik as a medium dispersion mill, 0.7 mm zirconia beads as a medium, and methanol as a solvent to plastically deform the copper powder.
- the diameter, P content and aspect ratio were measured. SD / D and crystallite diameter / D are also calculated.
- the copper powder produced by mixing phosphoric acid and its salt as a raw material is fine, has a sharp particle size distribution, and has a large crystallite diameter as in Comparative Example 1. It can be seen that the flakes appear without any significant plastic deformation treatment. The smaller crystallite diameter in Comparative Example 1 is due to the plastic deformation treatment.
- the flake copper powder, the method for producing the same, and the conductive paste according to the present invention are, for example, a copper paste or a raw material thereof used for forming a circuit of a printed wiring board and ensuring electrical continuity of external electrodes of a ceramic capacitor. Can be used as
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/587,976 US20070209475A1 (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-04-26 | Flaky Copper Powder, Method For Producing The Same, And Conductive Paste |
EP05737035A EP1747830A1 (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-04-26 | Flaky copper powder, process for producing the same, and conductive paste |
CN2005800135690A CN1950162B (zh) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-04-26 | 片状铜粉及其制造方法和导电性膏 |
KR1020067024287A KR101186946B1 (ko) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-04-26 | 플레이크 동분말 및 그 제조 방법 그리고 도전성 페이스트 |
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JP2004-134689 | 2004-04-28 | ||
JP2004134689A JP4868716B2 (ja) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | フレーク銅粉及び導電性ペースト |
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WO2005105345A1 true WO2005105345A1 (ja) | 2005-11-10 |
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PCT/JP2005/007877 WO2005105345A1 (ja) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-04-26 | フレーク銅粉及びその製造方法並びに導電性ペースト |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20070209475A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1747830A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4868716B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101186946B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1950162B (ja) |
TW (2) | TW200621404A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005105345A1 (ja) |
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- 2004-04-28 JP JP2004134689A patent/JP4868716B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2005-04-25 TW TW094113080A patent/TW200621404A/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-04-25 TW TW097110358A patent/TW200840666A/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-04-26 US US11/587,976 patent/US20070209475A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-04-26 KR KR1020067024287A patent/KR101186946B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2005-04-26 CN CN2005800135690A patent/CN1950162B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-26 WO PCT/JP2005/007877 patent/WO2005105345A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-04-26 EP EP05737035A patent/EP1747830A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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JP2011044509A (ja) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-03-03 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 導電性インク組成物及び該組成物を用いて形成された太陽電池モジュール |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101186946B1 (ko) | 2012-09-28 |
TWI324953B (ja) | 2010-05-21 |
TW200621404A (en) | 2006-07-01 |
KR20070004108A (ko) | 2007-01-05 |
CN1950162B (zh) | 2011-05-18 |
TW200840666A (en) | 2008-10-16 |
CN1950162A (zh) | 2007-04-18 |
EP1747830A1 (en) | 2007-01-31 |
TWI316430B (ja) | 2009-11-01 |
JP2005314755A (ja) | 2005-11-10 |
JP4868716B2 (ja) | 2012-02-01 |
US20070209475A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
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