WO2004107417A1 - 露光方法及び露光装置、並びにデバイス製造方法 - Google Patents
露光方法及び露光装置、並びにデバイス製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004107417A1 WO2004107417A1 PCT/JP2004/007569 JP2004007569W WO2004107417A1 WO 2004107417 A1 WO2004107417 A1 WO 2004107417A1 JP 2004007569 W JP2004007569 W JP 2004007569W WO 2004107417 A1 WO2004107417 A1 WO 2004107417A1
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- substrate
- liquid
- exposure
- pattern
- temperature
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
- H01L21/0273—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
- H01L21/0274—Photolithographic processes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/2041—Exposure; Apparatus therefor in the presence of a fluid, e.g. immersion; using fluid cooling means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70216—Mask projection systems
- G03F7/70258—Projection system adjustments, e.g. adjustments during exposure or alignment during assembly of projection system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70216—Mask projection systems
- G03F7/70341—Details of immersion lithography aspects, e.g. exposure media or control of immersion liquid supply
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70425—Imaging strategies, e.g. for increasing throughput or resolution, printing product fields larger than the image field or compensating lithography- or non-lithography errors, e.g. proximity correction, mix-and-match, stitching or double patterning
- G03F7/70433—Layout for increasing efficiency or for compensating imaging errors, e.g. layout of exposure fields for reducing focus errors; Use of mask features for increasing efficiency or for compensating imaging errors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/708—Construction of apparatus, e.g. environment aspects, hygiene aspects or materials
- G03F7/7085—Detection arrangement, e.g. detectors of apparatus alignment possibly mounted on wafers, exposure dose, photo-cleaning flux, stray light, thermal load
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/708—Construction of apparatus, e.g. environment aspects, hygiene aspects or materials
- G03F7/70858—Environment aspects, e.g. pressure of beam-path gas, temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/708—Construction of apparatus, e.g. environment aspects, hygiene aspects or materials
- G03F7/70858—Environment aspects, e.g. pressure of beam-path gas, temperature
- G03F7/70866—Environment aspects, e.g. pressure of beam-path gas, temperature of mask or workpiece
- G03F7/70875—Temperature, e.g. temperature control of masks or workpieces via control of stage temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/708—Construction of apparatus, e.g. environment aspects, hygiene aspects or materials
- G03F7/70858—Environment aspects, e.g. pressure of beam-path gas, temperature
- G03F7/70883—Environment aspects, e.g. pressure of beam-path gas, temperature of optical system
- G03F7/70891—Temperature
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exposure method and an exposure apparatus for exposing a substrate to a pattern with a liquid immersion region formed between a projection optical system and the substrate, and a device manufacturing method.
- Semiconductor devices and liquid crystal display devices are manufactured by a so-called photolithography technique in which a pattern formed on a mask is transferred onto a photosensitive substrate.
- An exposure apparatus used in the photolithography process has a mask stage for supporting a mask and a substrate stage for supporting a substrate, and a projection optical system for projecting a mask pattern while sequentially moving the mask stage and the substrate stage. Is transferred to the substrate via the.
- further improvement in the resolution of a projection optical system has been desired in order to cope with higher integration of device patterns.
- the resolution of the projection optical system increases as the exposure wavelength used decreases and as the numerical aperture of the projection optical system increases. Therefore, the exposure wavelength used in the exposure apparatus is becoming shorter year by year, and the numerical aperture of the projection optical system is also increasing.
- the current mainstream exposure wavelength is 248 nm for KrF excimer laser, but 193 nm for shorter wavelength ArF excimer laser is also being put into practical use.
- the depth of focus (DOF) is as important as the resolution.
- the resolution R and the depth of focus ⁇ are expressed by the following equations, respectively.
- K is the exposure wavelength
- NA is the numerical aperture of the projection optical system
- k 1 sk 2 is the process coefficient.
- the space between the lower surface of the projection optical system and the substrate surface is filled with a liquid such as water or an organic solvent, and the wavelength of the exposure light in the liquid is 1 / n (n is the refraction of the liquid) in air.
- a liquid such as water or an organic solvent
- n is the refraction of the liquid
- the immersion method is applied, a distribution is generated in the exposure light incident on the liquid existing between the projection optical system and the substrate in accordance with the distribution of the pattern on the mask and the like. By irradiating such exposure light, a temperature distribution of the liquid is generated.
- each aberration such as a change in the image plane (tilt, etc.) of a pattern image formed on the substrate through the liquid and a magnification distortion is obtained.
- An object is to provide an apparatus and a device manufacturing method.
- the present invention employs the following configuration corresponding to FIGS. 1 to 16 shown in the embodiment.
- the parenthesized code given to each element is only an example of the element, and does not limit each element.
- an image of the pattern (MP) of the mask (M) is projected onto the substrate via the liquid (1) between the projection optical system (PL) and the substrate (P).
- an exposure method including exposing a substrate in the adjusted projection state.Exposure light incident on the liquid between the projection optical system and the substrate has a distribution, and the liquid has a temperature distribution. Even when the exposure occurs, the pattern can be transferred onto the substrate in a desired state by adjusting the exposure conditions, for example, the projection state of the buttered image, according to the distribution of the exposure light.
- “adjustment of the projection state of the pattern image” means not only the position of the image plane of the pattern image, but also the pattern image represented by the imaging characteristics such as the magnification of the pattern image ⁇ distance. Adjusting the state.
- This adjustment includes various adjustments for adjusting the projection state of the pattern image, not only adjusting the positional relationship between the image plane of the pattern image and the exposure surface of the substrate, adjusting the projection optical system, but also adjusting the wavelength of the exposure light.
- Adjustment of optical members in the optical path of exposure light position adjustment, temperature adjustment, etc.
- replacement, adjustment of mask position, or adjustment of atmosphere in optical path to substrate eg, temperature, pressure, gas concentration Therefore, it also includes changing or adjusting the temperature, the flow rate, the composition, and the like of the liquid supplied between the substrate and the projection optical system.
- a substrate is exposed by projecting an image of a pattern of a mask onto a substrate via a liquid (1) between a projection optical system (PL) and the substrate (P).
- an exposure method including exposing a substrate (P) in the adjusted projection state.
- a liquid between a projection optical system and a substrate is supplied according to a pattern distribution on a mask. Even if a distribution occurs in the incident exposure light and a temperature distribution occurs in the liquid, the pattern of the substrate is adjusted by adjusting the projection state of the buttered image according to the distribution of the butter on the mask. It can be transferred on a desired state.
- an image of a pattern of a mask is formed by a projection optical system (PL).
- an exposure method including exposing a substrate (P) while adjusting a projection state of a pattern image based on the measured distribution information.
- the distribution information of the exposure light incident on the liquid is measured by measuring the distribution information of the exposure light incident on the liquid in advance and adjusting the projection state of the pattern image during the exposure based on the measurement result. Even if the temperature of the liquid is partially changed due to the occurrence of the pattern, the pattern can be transferred onto the substrate in a desired state while accurately adjusting the projection state of the buttered image.
- the substrate (P) is exposed in a predetermined direction while projecting an image of a pattern on the substrate by a projection optical system (PL) via a liquid while moving the substrate (P) in a predetermined direction.
- Exposure method
- an exposure method including exposing a substrate in a projected state of the pattern image (MP).
- MP a projected state of the pattern image
- the temperature distribution of the liquid in a direction intersecting with the moving direction of the substrate is measured, and based on the measurement result, the projection state of the pattern image at the time of exposure is measured.
- an image of a pattern of a mask is formed by a projection optical system (PL).
- An exposure method is provided that includes exposing a substrate.
- the present invention by directly measuring the temperature distribution of the liquid forming the liquid immersion area using the temperature sensor arranged on the substrate stage, it is possible to accurately obtain the temperature distribution information of the liquid. Then, based on the measured temperature distribution information of the liquid, the projection state of the pattern image can be appropriately adjusted, and the pattern can be transferred onto the substrate in a desired state.
- the adjustment includes, as described above, the adjustment of the imaging characteristic of the projection optical system (optical characteristic adjustment), the adjustment of the positional relationship between the image plane formed through the projection optical system and the liquid, and the substrate, And temperature adjustment (temperature distribution adjustment) of the liquid to form the immersion area.
- an exposure method for exposing a substrate by projecting an image of a pattern (MP) onto a substrate (P) via a liquid (1)
- An exposure method including exposing a substrate under the set exposure conditions is provided.
- An exposure apparatus includes a temperature sensor (90, 91) that is movably disposed near the image plane of the projection optical system and measures the temperature of the liquid.
- a temperature sensor 90, 91
- the temperature of the liquid forming the immersion area using a movable temperature sensor And temperature distribution can be measured directly. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately adjust the projection state of the pattern image based on the measured liquid temperature information, and transfer the pattern onto the substrate in a desired state.
- an exposure apparatus for exposing a substrate by projecting an image of a predetermined pattern onto a substrate (P) via a liquid comprising:
- ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the temperature distribution of the liquid in the direction which intersects with the moving direction of a board
- an exposure apparatus for exposing a substrate by projecting an image of a predetermined pattern (MP) onto the substrate via a liquid comprising:
- a liquid supply capable of supplying liquids (1) at different temperatures from a plurality of positions (53a to 53f, 54a to 54f).
- An exposure apparatus (EX) including a mechanism (50, 51, 52) is provided.
- the liquid supply mechanism supplies liquids having different temperatures from a plurality of positions, whereby the temperature distribution of the liquid in the liquid immersion area can be adjusted and made uniform. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of pattern deterioration due to a partial change in the temperature of the liquid.
- An exposure apparatus comprising: a control device (CONT) for adjusting a projection state of an image of a pattern based on a distribution of the pattern measured by the sensor.
- CONT control device
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the exposure apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a liquid supply mechanism and a liquid recovery mechanism which constitute a part of the exposure apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of a substrate stage constituting a part of the exposure apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of the exposure method of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state in which the pattern distribution of the mask is being measured.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state in which a pattern of a mask is subjected to immersion exposure on a substrate.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining how the position of the image plane via the projection optical system and the liquid changes depending on the temperature distribution of the liquid.
- FIGS. 8A to 8C are schematic diagrams showing a procedure for obtaining a correction amount for correcting a change in the image plane position according to the distribution of the exposure light.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing another method for measuring the pattern distribution of the mask.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the exposure apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the exposure apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the exposure apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of the exposure method of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the exposure apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a modification of FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of a semiconductor device manufacturing process. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- embodiments of the exposure apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the exposure apparatus of the present invention.
- the exposure apparatus EX mainly illuminates the mask stage MS supporting the mask M, the substrate stage PST supporting the substrate P, and the mask M supported by the mask stage MST with the exposure light EL. It controls the overall operation of the projection optical system PL, which projects the pattern image of the mask M illuminated by the exposure light EL onto the substrate P supported by the substrate stage PST, and the entire exposure system EX
- the control device CONT includes a control device CONT and a storage device MRY that is connected to the control device C 0 NT and stores various types of information on the exposure operation including the distribution information of the pattern MP of the mask M.
- the exposure apparatus EX of the present embodiment is an immersion exposure apparatus to which the immersion method is applied in order to substantially shorten the exposure wavelength to improve the resolution and substantially widen the depth of focus.
- pure water is used as the liquid 1.
- the exposure apparatus EX at least transfers the pattern image of the mask M onto the substrate P by using the liquid 1 supplied from the liquid supply mechanism 10 on the substrate P including the projection area AR 1 of the projection optical system PL.
- a liquid immersion area AR 2 is formed partially.
- the exposure apparatus EX fills the liquid 1 between the optical element 2 disposed at the tip of the projection optical system PL and the surface (exposure surface) of the substrate P, and The pattern image of the mask M is projected onto the substrate P through the liquid 1 between the substrate P and the projection optical system PL and exposed.
- the exposure apparatus EX the mask MP and the substrate P are synchronously moved in different directions (opposite directions) in the scanning direction (predetermined direction), and the pattern MP formed on the mask M is transferred to the substrate P.
- a scanning exposure apparatus so-called scanning stepper
- the synchronous movement direction (scanning direction, predetermined direction) between the mask M and the substrate P in the horizontal plane is the X-axis direction
- the direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction in the horizontal plane is the Y-axis direction (non-scanning).
- Direction a direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction and coincident with the optical axis AX of the projection optical system P is defined as a Z-axis direction.
- the directions around the X axis, Y axis, and Z axis are defined as the ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ directions, respectively.
- the “substrate” includes a semiconductor wafer coated with a photosensitive material such as a resist
- the “mask” refers to a reticle on which a device pattern to be reduced and projected onto the substrate is formed.
- the illumination optical system IL illuminates the mask M supported by the mask stage MST with the exposure light EL.
- the illumination light system IL is an optical illumination device for equalizing the illuminance of the exposure light source and the light flux emitted from the exposure light source.
- a variable field stop that sets the IA in a slit shape Composed I have.
- a predetermined illumination area IA on the mask M is illuminated by the illumination optical system IL with exposure light EL having a uniform illuminance distribution.
- the exposure light EL emitted from the illumination optical system IL includes, for example, ultraviolet bright lines (g-line, h-line, i-line) and KrF excimer laser light (wavelength: 248 nm) emitted from a mercury lamp.
- DUV light ultraviolet light
- a r F excimer laser beam wavelength 1 93 n
- VUV light VUV light
- ArF excimer laser light is used.
- the liquid 1 in the present embodiment uses pure water, the liquid 1 can be transmitted even if the exposure light EL is ArF excimer laser light.
- Pure water can transmit ultraviolet light (g-line, h-line, i-line) and deep ultraviolet light (DUV light) such as KrF excimer laser light (wavelength: 248 nm).
- the mask stage MST supports the mask M, and is two-dimensionally movable and slightly rotatable in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis AX of the projection optical system PL, that is, an XY plane.
- the mask stage MST is driven by a mask stage driving device MSTD such as a linear motor.
- the mask stage driving device MS TD is controlled by a control device C 0 NT.
- the movable mirror 50 is provided on the mask stage MST.
- a laser interferometer 51 is provided at a position facing the movable mirror 50. The position and the rotation angle of the mask M on the mask stage MST in the two-dimensional direction are measured in real time by the laser interferometer 51, and the measurement result is output to the control device CONT.
- the controller CONT drives the mask stage driving device MSTD based on the measurement result of the laser interferometer 51, thereby positioning the mask M supported by the mask stage MST.
- the projection optical system PL projects and exposes the pattern of the mask M onto the substrate P at a predetermined projection magnification S, and includes a plurality of optical elements including an optical element (lens) 2 provided at the tip of the substrate P side. It is composed of elements. These optical elements constituting the projection optical system PL are supported by a barrel PK. Further, the projection optical system PL is provided with an imaging characteristic control device 3 that can adjust the imaging characteristics (optical characteristics) of the projection optical system PL.
- the imaging characteristic control device 3 is an optical element capable of moving a part of a plurality of optical elements constituting the projection optical system PL. It is configured to include a child drive mechanism.
- the optical element driving mechanism can move a specific optical element of the plurality of optical elements constituting the projection optical system PL in the direction of the optical axis AX (Z direction) or tilt the optical element with respect to the optical axis AX.
- the imaging characteristic control device 3 can change the pressure in the space between the optical elements. By controlling the imaging characteristic control device 3 using the control device C 0 NT, it is possible to adjust various aberrations such as the projection magnification and distortion of the projection optical system PL and the projection state of the image plane position.
- the projection optical system PL is a reduction system with a projection magnification of 5; for example, 1/4 or 1/5. Note that the projection optical system PL may be either a unity magnification system or an enlargement system.
- the optical element 2 at the distal end of the projection optical system PL of the present embodiment is provided so as to be detachable (replaceable) from the lens barrel PK. Also, the optical element 2 at the tip is exposed from the lens barrel PK, and the liquid 1 in the immersion area AR 2 contacts only the optical element 2. This makes it possible to prevent corrosion of the lens barrel PK made of metal.
- the optical element 2 is made of fluorite. Since fluorite has a high affinity for pure water, the liquid 1 can be brought into close contact with substantially the entire liquid contact surface 2a of the optical element 2. That is, in the present embodiment, the liquid (pure water) 1 having a high affinity with the liquid contact surface 2a of the optical element 2 is supplied.
- the exposure apparatus EX has a focus detection system 4.
- the focus detection system 4 has a light emitting unit 4a and a light receiving unit 4b, and projects detection light from obliquely above the substrate P surface (exposed surface) via the liquid 1 from the light emitting unit 4a. The reflected light is received by the light receiving section 4b.
- the control device CONT controls the operation of the focus detection system 4 and detects the position (focus position) of the surface of the substrate P with respect to a predetermined reference plane in the Z-axis direction based on the result of light reception (detection) by the light receiving section 4b. I do. Further, the focus detection system 4 can also determine the attitude of the substrate P in the tilt direction by determining the focus positions at a plurality of points on the surface of the substrate P.
- the substrate stage PST supports the substrate ⁇ , and holds the substrate ⁇ ⁇ via a substrate holder. ⁇ A stage 52, ⁇ A stage 53 that supports the stage 52, and a base 54 that supports an X stage 53.
- the substrate stage PS # is driven by a substrate stage driving device PSTD such as a linear motor.
- the substrate stage driving device PSTD is controlled by the control device CONT. It goes without saying that the Z stage and the XY stage may be provided integrally.
- the position of the substrate P in the XY direction (the position in a direction substantially parallel to the image plane of the projection optical system PL) is controlled.
- a movable mirror 55 that moves with respect to the projection optical system PL together with the substrate stage PST is provided.
- a laser interferometer 56 is provided at a position facing the movable mirror 55. The two-dimensional position and rotation angle of the substrate P on the substrate stage PST are measured in real time by the laser interferometer 56, and the measurement results are output to the control unit CONT.
- the controller CONT drives the XY stage 53 via the substrate stage driving device PSTD based on the measurement result of the laser interferometer 56, so that the X of the substrate P supported by the substrate stage PS is controlled. Performs positioning in the axial direction and the Y-axis direction.
- the control device CONT drives the Z stage 52 of the substrate stage PST via the substrate stage driving device PSTD, and thereby the position (focus position) of the substrate P held on the Z stage 52 in the Z axis direction. ,, And ⁇ , control the position in the direction.
- the ⁇ stage 52 operates based on a command from the control device CO ⁇ based on the detection result of the focus detection system 4 and controls the focus position (Z position) and the inclination angle of the substrate P, thereby
- the surface (exposure surface) of the image coincides with the image plane formed via the projection optical system PL and the liquid 1.
- An auxiliary plate 57 having a flat surface is provided on the substrate stage PST (Z stage 52) so as to surround the substrate P.
- the surface of the auxiliary plate 57 is It is installed so as to be approximately the same height as the surface of the substrate P held by the solder.
- the liquid supply mechanism 10 supplies a predetermined liquid 1 onto the substrate P, and mainly includes a first liquid supply unit 11 and a second liquid supply unit 12 which can send out (flow out) the liquid 1. And a supply port connected to the first liquid supply unit 11 via the supply pipe 11A and supplying the liquid 1 sent out (outflow) from the first liquid supply unit 11 onto the substrate P.
- the liquid 1 which is connected to the first supply member 13 and the second liquid supply section 12 via the supply pipe 12A and is sent (outflow) from the second liquid supply section 12 onto the substrate P And a second supply member 14 having a supply port.
- the first and second supply members 13 and 14 are arranged close to the surface of the substrate P, and are provided at different positions in the plane direction of the substrate P.
- the first supply member 13 of the liquid supply mechanism 10 is provided on one side (one X side) in the scanning direction with respect to the projection area AR1
- the second supply member 14 is It is provided on the other side (+ X side) in the scanning direction so as to face the first supply member 13.
- the first and second liquid supply units 11 and 12 each include a tank for storing the liquid 1 and a pressure pump, etc., and are provided via the supply pipe 11 A 12 A and the supply members 13 and 14. To supply the liquid 1 onto the substrate P. Further, the liquid supply operation of the first and second liquid supply units 11 and 12 is controlled by the control device CONT.
- the control device CONT can independently control the liquid supply amount per unit time supplied from the first and second liquid supply units 11 and 12 onto the substrate P.
- the first and second liquid supply units 11 and 12 each have a liquid temperature adjustment mechanism, and the liquid 1 and the second liquid supply unit 23 are adjusted to 23 ° C. which is substantially the same as the temperature in the chamber in which the device is housed. Can be stably supplied on the substrate P.
- the liquid recovery mechanism 30 is for recovering the liquid 1 on the substrate P, and includes first and second recovery members 31, 32 having recovery ports arranged close to the surface of the substrate P. First And first and second liquid recovery sections 33 and 34 connected to the second and second recovery members 31 and 32 via recovery pipes 33A and 34A, respectively.
- the first and second liquid recovery sections 33 and 34 include, for example, a suction device such as a vacuum pump and a tank for storing the recovered liquid 1, and transfer the liquid 1 on the substrate P to the first and second liquid collection sections. Collect through the collection members 31 and 32 and the collection pipes 33A and 34A.
- the liquid recovery operation of the first and second liquid recovery sections 33, 34 is controlled by the control device CONT.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of the liquid supply mechanism 10 and the liquid recovery mechanism 30.
- the projection area AR1 of the projection optical system (PL) is set in a slit shape (rectangular shape) whose longitudinal direction is the ⁇ -axis direction (non-scanning direction).
- the immersion area AR 2 filled with the liquid 1 is formed on a part of the substrate (P) so as to include the projection area AR 1.
- the first supply member 13 of the liquid supply mechanism 10 used to form the liquid immersion area AR 2 is provided on one side (1 X side) in the scanning direction with respect to the projection area AR 1.
- the second supply member 14 is provided on the other side (+ X side) in the opposite scanning direction.
- the first and second supply members 13 and 14 are each formed in a linear shape in plan view with the Y-axis direction as a longitudinal direction.
- the supply ports of the first and second supply members 13 and 14 are each formed in a slit shape having a longitudinal direction in the Y-axis direction, and are provided so as to face the surface of the substrate P.
- the liquid supply mechanism 10 simultaneously supplies the liquid 1 from the supply ports of the first and second supply members 13 and 14 from both sides in the X direction of the projection area AR1.
- the liquid supply mechanism 10 of the present embodiment can supply the liquid 1 onto the substrate (P) from a plurality of different directions and positions with respect to the projection area AR1.
- the first and second recovery members 31 and 32 of the liquid recovery mechanism 30 each have a recovery port formed in an arc shape and continuously formed so as to face the surface of the substrate P.
- the first and second collection members 31 and 32 arranged so as to face each other form a substantially annular collection port.
- the respective recovery ports of the first and second recovery members 31 and 32 surround the first and second supply members 13 and 14 of the liquid supply mechanism 10 and the projection area AR1.
- a plurality of partition members 35 are provided inside each of the first and second recovery members 31 and 32.
- the liquid 1 supplied onto the substrate (P) from the supply ports of the first and second supply members 13 and 14 is applied to the lower end surface of the tip (optical element 2) of the projection optical system (PL) and the substrate (P).
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the substrate stage PST.
- an optical sensor 20 as a photoelectric sensor is arranged.
- the optical sensor 20 is provided on the Z stage 52 at a position other than the substrate holder that holds the substrate P.
- the optical sensor 20 detects the light information to be irradiated, and specifically detects the light amount (illuminance) of the light to be irradiated.
- the detection signal of the optical sensor 20 is output to the control device CONT.
- the control device CONT obtains the illuminance and the illuminance distribution of the emitted light based on the detection result of the optical sensor 20. Further, by disposing the optical sensor 20 below the projection optical system PL by moving the substrate stage PST, it is possible to detect the illuminance distribution of the exposure light EL passing through the projection optical system PL.
- the size of the light receiving surface (detection area) of the optical sensor 20 is set equal to or larger than the projection area AR1.
- the optical sensor 20 can receive all the exposure light EL passing through the mask M and passing through the projection optical system PL.
- the optical sensor 20 is provided such that the position of the light receiving surface in the Z-axis direction coincides with the position of the image plane (imaging plane) of the projection optical system PL in the Z-axis direction.
- the optical sensor 20 has a plurality of light receiving surfaces arranged in a non-scanning direction (Y-axis direction). Since the illuminance can be measured independently from each of the plurality of light receiving surfaces, the output value of the illuminance measured on the plurality of light receiving surfaces directly represents the illuminance distribution of the exposure light EL in the non-scanning direction.
- the projection area AR of the optical sensor 20 and the projection optical system PL 1 and the mask M is placed on the mask stage MST as shown in FIG. 1 and the mask M is illuminated by the exposure light EL in a predetermined illumination area IA, so that the optical sensor 20
- the exposure light EL that has passed through the mask M and the projection optical system PL is emitted.
- the mask M has the chrome pattern MP which is a light shielding portion
- the light sensor 20 is irradiated with the exposure light EL in an illuminance distribution according to the pattern MP of the mask M.
- the optical sensor 20 detects the illuminance distribution of the exposure light EL to be irradiated in the Y-axis direction.
- the control unit CONT obtains pattern distribution information of the mask M in the Y-axis direction in the illumination area IA based on the detection result of the optical sensor 20.
- a method of exposing the pattern image of the mask M to the substrate P using the above-described exposure apparatus EX will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
- the exposure apparatus EX in the present embodiment projects and exposes the pattern image of the mask M onto the substrate P while moving the mask M and the substrate P in the X-axis direction (scanning direction).
- a pattern image of a part of the mask M corresponding to the illumination area IA is projected onto a slit-like (rectangular) projection area A1 immediately below the tip of the projection optical system P.
- the substrate P is moved through the XY stage 53 in the + X direction (or- X direction) at a speed of 3 ⁇ V (3 is the projection magnification).
- a plurality of shot areas (SA) are set on the substrate P, and after the exposure to one shot area (SA) is completed, the substrate P is stepped and moved to the next shot area (SA) on the substrate. Moves to the scanning start position.
- scanning exposure processing is sequentially performed on each shot area SA while moving the substrate P by the step-and-scan method.
- the illuminance distribution of the exposure light EL is measured as follows in a state where the mask M is not placed on the mask stage MST.
- the control device CONT emits the exposure light EL from the illumination optical system IL, and the illumination optical system IL and the substrate stage PST so that the exposure light EL passing through the projection optical system PL is received by the optical sensor 20 on the substrate stage PST. Control.
- the substrate stage The illuminance distribution of the exposure light EL on the image plane side of the shadow optical system PL is measured.
- the illuminance (reference illuminance) of the exposure light EL on the image plane side of the projection optical system P without passing through the mask M is obtained.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the illuminance distribution of the exposure light EL via the mask M and the projection optical system PL is measured by the optical sensor 20.
- the controller CONT moves the substrate stage PST to align the optical sensor 20 with the projection area AR1 of the projection optical system PL, as shown in FIG.
- the exposure light EL is emitted from the illumination optical system IL, so that the optical sensor 20 is irradiated with the exposure light EL passing through the mask M and the projection optical system PL.
- the density of the chrome pattern (light-shielding portion) MP is increased in approximately half the area on the + Y side, and the density in any of the X directions in the pattern area PA is increased. Such a density distribution also exists at the position.
- the illumination area (irradiation area) IA of the exposure light EL on the mask M is set in a slit shape extending in the Y-axis direction in the pattern area PA on the mask M, and its ⁇ -axis direction Are located on the shading band SB.
- the partial pattern included in the illumination area IA on the mask M is projected onto the projection area AR1 of the projection optical system PL.
- the optical sensor 20 receives the exposure light EL according to the pattern distribution in the illumination area IA.
- the control unit CONT determines the illuminance distribution in the Y-axis direction based on the detection result of the optical sensor 20, that is, the Y-axis direction of the exposure light EL incident on the liquid 1 forming the immersion area AR2 during immersion exposure.
- the controller C0NT controls the illumination optical system IL and the substrate stage PST to irradiate the exposure area EL on the mask M with the exposure light EL, while supporting the mask M against the exposure light EL. Is moved in the X-axis direction. Thus, the entire surface of the pattern area PA of the mask M is sequentially irradiated with the exposure light EL. At this time, the optical sensor 20 (substrate stage PST) does not move.
- Mask M (Mask stage MS T) Is measured by the laser interferometer 51.
- the controller CONT measures the position of the mask M in the X-axis direction measured by the laser interferometer 51, and detects the exposure light EL passing through the illumination area IA of the mask M at that time by the optical sensor 20. Based on the results, the illuminance distribution of the exposure light EL that has passed through the projection optical system PL is obtained by calculating the illuminance distribution of the exposure light EL at each position in the scanning direction (X-axis direction) of the mask M (step S 1). The controller CONT calculates the pattern distribution of the mask M based on the illuminance information (reference illuminance) of the exposure light EL detected without passing through the mask M and the illuminance information of the exposure light EL detected through the mask M.
- step S 2 The illuminance distribution of the exposure light EL that has passed through the mask M and the projection optical system PL corresponds to the pattern distribution of the mask M. Therefore, the control device CONT can obtain the pattern distribution of the mask M by subtracting the portion corresponding to the illuminance distribution of the reference illuminance from the illuminance distribution of the exposure light EL detected via the mask M. The obtained pattern distribution information of the mask M is stored in the storage device MRY. Next, the controller CONT determines the exposure amount (illuminance on the substrate P) to be set at the time of immersion exposure for device manufacturing, the pattern distribution information of the mask M obtained above, and the immersion exposure conditions.
- the controller CONT obtains a change in the liquid temperature distribution in the liquid immersion area AR2 (step S3).
- the immersion exposure conditions are the material characteristics of the liquid 1 such as the moving speed of the substrate P, the specific heat, and the liquid supply amount (flow rate) per unit time from the liquid supply mechanism 10 per unit time. Including.
- the relationship between the pattern distribution of the mask M and the amount of change in liquid temperature (distribution) according to the above parameters is stored in the storage device MRY in advance, and the control device C 0 NT determines the relationship based on the stored relationship. Estimate (calculate) the liquid temperature distribution.
- liquid temperature distribution information including the liquid temperature change amount and the liquid temperature distribution will be referred to as appropriate.
- the liquid recovery amount per unit time of the liquid recovery mechanism 30 may be added.
- the controller CONT obtains the image characteristic change amount and the change distribution including the image plane position change via the projection optical system PL and the liquid 1 based on the obtained liquid temperature distribution information (step S4).
- image characteristic change information including the image characteristic change amount and the change distribution is appropriately referred to as “image characteristic change information”.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the pattern MP of the mask M is subjected to immersion exposure through the projection optical system PL and the liquid 1 in the immersion area AR2, and Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a temperature distribution of the liquid. is there.
- the liquid 1 is not shown for convenience of explanation.
- Fig. 6 when almost half of the pattern area PA on the mask M is in the area where the density of the chrome pattern MP is high, the light transmission is lower in the high density area, More exposure light EL is incident on the other half of the projection area AR1 than on the other half.
- a light amount distribution (illuminance distribution) of the exposure light EL incident on the liquid 1 between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P is generated according to the pattern distribution of the mask M, and as shown in FIG. A temperature gradient (change in temperature distribution) in the Y-axis direction as shown by the dotted line in Fig. 1 occurs. Since a change in the temperature of the liquid 1 causes a change in the refractive index of the liquid 1, in the case shown in FIG. 7, a change in the image plane, which is inclined mainly around the X axis, occurs according to the change in the temperature of the liquid 1.
- the control device CONT obtains the temperature distribution information of the liquid 1 based on the distribution of the pattern on the mask M, and eventually the distribution of the exposure light EL incident on the liquid 1 between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P. Based on the obtained temperature distribution information, a change in image characteristics (a change in the position of the image plane, etc.) is predicted. The controller CONT corrects this image characteristic based on the obtained image characteristic change information. A correction amount (correction information) is obtained (step S5).
- the control device CONT converts the obtained image characteristic change component (image plane position change component) into a zero-order component, which is an offset component, a first-order component, which is a tilt component, as shown in FIG. 8 (c). , And a higher order component is divided into a plurality of components, and a correction halo is obtained for each of the above components.
- the correction amount can be corrected by controlling the exposure apparatus as follows. For example, for the 0th and 1st order components of the image plane change, drive the substrate stage PST
- the positional relationship between the image plane formed via the projection optical system PL and the liquid 1 and the surface of the substrate P is corrected, and for higher-order components, the image of the projection optical system PL is formed. It is corrected by driving the characteristic control device 3.
- the projection area AR 1 has a slit shape extending in the Y-axis direction
- the position adjustment of the substrate stage PS during the scanning exposure is mainly performed in the Z-axis direction (focus adjustment), and It is sufficient to perform tilt adjustment (rolling adjustment) in the direction.
- the controller C O N T is a correction amount corresponding to the position of the mask M in the scanning direction (X-axis direction).
- the control device CONT After determining the correction amount for matching the position of the image plane formed via the projection optical system PL and the liquid 1 with the surface of the substrate P, the control device CONT calculates the correction amount of the substrate P based on the determined correction amount.
- the immersion exposure process is performed while adjusting the posture of the substrate (tilt of the substrate P, position in the Z-axis direction) (step S6). That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the controller CONT loads the substrate P onto the substrate stage PST using the substrate transport system, and then drives the liquid supply mechanism 10. To start the liquid supply operation on the substrate P.
- the liquid 1 sent from each of the first and second liquid supply units 11 and 12 of the liquid supply mechanism 10 to form the liquid immersion area AR 2 is supplied to the supply pipes 11 A and 12 A and the first and second liquid supply units 11 and 12.
- the liquid is supplied onto the substrate P via the first and second supply members 13 and 14, and forms an immersion area AR2 between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P.
- the supply ports of the first and second supply members 13 and 14 are arranged on both sides of the projection area AR1 in the X-axis direction (scanning direction).
- the control device CONT executes control for simultaneously supplying the liquid 1 onto the substrate P on both sides of the projection area AR1 from the supply port of the liquid supply mechanism 10.
- the liquid 1 supplied on the substrate P forms on the substrate P at least a liquid immersion area AR2 wider than the projection area AR1.
- the control device CONT controls the first and second liquid supply units 1 1 s 1 2 of the liquid supply mechanism 10.
- the liquid supply operation is controlled so that the liquid supply amount per unit time supplied from just before the projection area AR1 in the scanning direction is larger than the liquid supply amount supplied on the opposite side.
- the control device CONT adjusts the liquid amount from the ⁇ X side (that is, the supply port 13A) to the projection area AR1 on the + X side.
- the control device CONT controls the first and second liquid recovery sections 33 and 34 of the liquid recovery mechanism 30 and, in parallel with the operation of supplying the liquid 1 by the liquid supply mechanism 10, on the substrate P. Perform the liquid recovery operation.
- the liquid 1 on the substrate P supplied from the supply ports of the first and second supply members 13 and 14 and flowing out of the projection area AR 1 is removed by the first and second collection members 33 and 34. Collected from the collection port.
- the recovery port is provided so as to surround the projection area AR 1, so that the liquid 1 on the substrate P can be efficiently recovered from the recovery port.
- the control device CONT stores the correction information and the format stored in the storage device MRY.
- the projection optical system PL and the liquid can be scanned and exposed while the image plane formed via the substrate 1 and the surface (exposure surface) of the substrate P are substantially matched. This makes it possible to accurately form a desired pattern on the substrate P.
- the position and orientation of the substrate P during immersion scanning exposure are adjusted so that a desired pattern image is projected on the substrate P based on the distribution information of the pattern MP of the mask M, and
- the projection state such as adjustment of the image plane position of the projection optical system PL using the imaging characteristic control device, accurate pattern transfer can be performed.
- the pattern distribution in the illumination area IA on the mask M does not change much with the movement of the mask M.
- the pattern distribution in the illumination area IA of the exposure light E on the mask M changes as the mask M moves.
- the distribution of the exposure light EL incident on the projection area AR 1 liquid 1) changes with the movement of the mask M.
- the controller CONT stores correction information corresponding to the position of the mask M in the scanning direction (X-axis direction), and the position of the mask M during exposure of the shot area SA of the substrate P is stored. Since the correction information is read out according to the (measurement result of the laser interferometer 51), the surface (exposure surface) of the substrate P can be accurately aligned with the image surface.
- the controller CONT obtains an integrated value (integrated light amount distribution) obtained by integrating the illuminance distribution in the Y-axis direction (longitudinal direction) of the projection area AR1 measured by the optical sensor 20 in the X-axis direction.
- the surface position of the substrate P is adjusted according to a change in the image plane caused by a change in the temperature of the liquid 1, or the optical characteristics of a part of the projection optical system PL are adjusted using an imaging characteristic control device.
- the image plane position is adjusted by moving the element or changing the pressure in the space between the optical elements.However, either the adjustment of the surface position of the substrate P or the adjustment of the image plane position is performed. Only the operation may be performed.
- the position of the mask M may be moved by the mask stage MST, or the wavelength of the exposure light may be finely adjusted to adjust the image plane position. Adjustment of the image plane position can also be achieved by moving or exchanging some optical members of the illumination optical system IL. Further, the temperature of the optical member (including the projection optical system PL) in the optical path of the exposure light EL may be adjusted. In this embodiment, the correction of the change in the image plane caused by the change in the temperature (distribution) of the liquid 1 has been described. Even in the case of changing based on the distribution, adjustment of the imaging characteristics of the pattern image may be performed according to the distribution information of the pattern MP of the mask M (that is, the distribution of the exposure light EL incident on the liquid 1).
- the adjustment of the imaging characteristics can be achieved by moving some optical elements of the projection optical system PL or adjusting the pressure in the space between the optical elements, similarly to the adjustment of the image plane position. It can also be achieved by moving the mask M or finely adjusting the wavelength of the exposure light EL.
- the adjustment of the imaging characteristics can also be achieved by moving or replacing some optical members of the illumination optical system IL. Furthermore, the temperature of the optical members (including the projection optical system PL) in the optical path of the exposure light EL is adjusted. You may. Further, as the adjustment of the imaging characteristics, the state of polarization or the state of the wavefront of the exposure light EL may be adjusted.
- the substrate P surface position information is detected by the focus detection system 4,
- the position and the posture of the substrate P are adjusted by driving the substrate stage PST based on the detection result of the focus detection system 4.
- the detection light projected from obliquely above the surface of the substrate P from the light projecting portion 4 a of the focus detection system 4 passes through the liquid 1, but changes according to the temperature change of the liquid 1.
- the refractive index changes, and an error may occur in the focus detection value on the substrate P surface.
- the relationship between the temperature (temperature change amount) of the liquid 1 and the refractive index (refractive index change amount) is stored in advance in the storage device MRY, and the temperature change information of the liquid 1 obtained in step S3 and the aforementioned The refractive index of the liquid 1 is determined based on the relationship.
- the focus detection value is corrected based on the obtained refractive index in consideration of the thickness of the liquid 1.
- the adjustment amount of the positional relationship between the image plane and the substrate surface based on the detection value of the focus detection system 4 is corrected. You may do so.
- the above-described measurement of the pattern distribution of the mask M and determination of the liquid temperature distribution information and the image characteristic change information based on the measurement result may be performed at least every time the mask M is changed, but when the mask M is not changed. However, it may be performed periodically.
- the pattern distribution information of the mask M in the storage device MRY when a predetermined mask M is used, the pattern is unloaded once, and when the mask M is used again, the pattern distribution of the mask M is used.
- the pattern distribution of the mask M is obtained, but the change in the temperature distribution of the liquid is obtained using the illuminance distribution information measured by the optical sensor 20 as it is. You may do so.
- the temperature of the liquid 1 depends on the pattern density of the mask M, the output of the light source for exposure, the liquid supply amount (or flow rate) per unit time for forming the immersion area AR 2, the liquid and the substrate P. It changes according to various parameters such as specific heat.
- the relationship between the illuminance distribution in consideration of these parameters and the amount of change in the liquid temperature may be stored in the storage device MRY in advance as a data table.
- the relationship between the illuminance distribution and the amount of change in the liquid temperature may be verified by performing experiments in advance. Further, in the case of an immersion exposure apparatus capable of changing the type of the liquid 1 forming the immersion area AR2, a data table corresponding to each of the liquids may be stored in the storage device MRY in advance.
- the temperature of the liquid 1 disposed between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P changes in accordance with the reflection of the exposure light EL on the surface of the substrate P.
- the reflectance of the surface of the substrate P may be set as one of the parameters of the data tape. Note that in this embodiment, after the mask M is mounted on the mask stage MST, the distribution information of the exposure light EL via the projection optical system PL using the optical sensor 20 mounted on the substrate stage PST. And the distribution of the pattern MP of the mask M is measured based on the measurement result.
- the pattern distribution of the mask M ⁇ f report (for example, the density and transmittance at each position of the mask) Is calculated from the design value, and the value is stored in the storage device MRY, and the temperature change of the liquid 1 and the change of the temperature distribution are predicted in consideration of the stored distribution at the time of the immersion scanning exposure. Then, based on the prediction result, adjustment of the projection state such as image characteristic adjustment and tomb plate position adjustment may be performed. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a pattern measuring device 60 for measuring the pattern distribution of the mask M may be provided at a position different from the mask stage MST. As shown in FIG.
- the pattern measuring device 60 is provided above the mask M supported by the support portion 66, and emits the measuring light onto the mask M, A light receiving unit 62 provided below and receiving the light transmitted through the mask M based on the measurement light applied to the mask M.
- the mask M emits measurement light from the light emitting unit 61 while moving relatively to the light emitting unit 61 and the light receiving unit 62 in the X-axis direction.
- Receiver 6 2 is synchronized with emitter 6 1 By receiving the transmitted light of the mask M while moving, the transmitted light of the measurement light over the entire pattern area PA of the mask M is received.
- the relative movement between the mask M and the light projecting part 61 and the light receiving part 62 is performed by fixing the mask M together with the supporting part 66 with the position of the light projecting part 61 and the light receiving part 62 in the X-axis.
- the light emitting unit 61 and the light receiving unit 62 may be moved synchronously in the X-axis direction while the position of the mask M is fixed, or the mask M and the light emitting unit 61
- a configuration in which both the light receiving unit 62 and the light receiving unit 62 are moved in directions opposite to each other in the X-axis direction may be employed.
- the measurement result of the light receiving unit 62 is output to the control device CONT, and the control device CONT obtains the pattern distribution of the mask M based on the measurement result of the light receiving unit 62 (pattern measuring device 60).
- Information on the pattern density of the mask M measured by the pattern measuring device 60 is stored in the storage device MRY. Then, at the time of immersion scanning exposure, image characteristic adjustment and substrate position adjustment (adjustment of projection state) are performed based on correction information obtained from the stored pattern distribution.
- the illuminance distribution of the exposure light EL that reaches the substrate stage PST (the image plane side of the projection optical system PL) via the mask M supported by the mask stage MST and the projection optical system PL is determined by the pattern of the mask M (pattern distribution). May not be supported.
- the optical sensor 20 having a plurality of light receiving surfaces in the non-scanning direction is used.
- the optical sensor 20 having the small light receiving surface is moved in the X-axis direction or the Y direction by the substrate stage PST.
- the illuminance distribution of the exposure light EL may be obtained by moving in the axial direction or in both directions.
- the temperature distribution of the liquid 1 in the liquid immersion area AR 2 is not caused by the pattern distribution of the mask M (the distribution of the exposure light EL incident on the projection area AR 1).
- the projection state is adjusted by adjusting the distribution to be uniform.
- the temperature is adjusted so as to equalize the temperature distribution in the Y-axis direction, which is the direction orthogonal to the scanning direction (X-axis direction).
- the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment except for the liquid supply mechanism.
- the liquid supply mechanism 50 includes a first liquid supply unit 51 and a second liquid supply unit 52.
- One end of a plurality of supply pipes 51a, 51b, 51c, 51d, 51e, 51f is connected to the first liquid supply section 51, and the other end is close to the substrate P.
- a plurality of supply ports 53a, 53b, 53c, 53d, 53e and 53f are provided along the non-scanning direction (Y-axis direction).
- one end of the plurality of supply pipes 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d, 52e, and 52f is connected to the second liquid supply unit 52, and the other end is connected to the substrate P.
- the supply ports 53a to 53f and 54a to 54f of the liquid supply mechanism 50 are provided in a plurality of directions and at different distances from (the center of) the projection area AR1.
- the supply ports 53a to 53f and 54a to 54f in the present embodiment are respectively arranged side by side in the Y-axis direction, and supply the liquid 1 from a plurality of positions separated in the ⁇ -axis direction. I do.
- the first and second liquid supply units 51 and 52 include a plurality of temperature adjustment mechanisms connected to the respective supply pipes 51 a to 51 f and 52 a to 52 f, and each of the supply ports 53 a to 53 f.
- the liquids 1 at different temperatures can be supplied onto the substrate P from f, 54a to 54f. That is, the liquid supply mechanism 50 that supplies the liquid 1 onto the substrate P in order to form the liquid immersion area AR2 in the present embodiment supplies the liquid 1 having different temperatures from a plurality of positions.
- the liquid 1 is supplied at a plurality of positions, and the temperature of the liquid 1 is changed according to the liquid supply position, that is, the position of each of the supply ports 53a to 53f and 54a to 54f. be able to.
- the supply ports 53a to 53f and 54a to 54f can supply liquids 1 at different temperatures from multiple positions separated in the Y-axis direction, which is the direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction, which is the scanning direction. is there.
- the supply of the liquid 1 is not performed simultaneously by both the first liquid supply unit 51 and the second liquid supply unit 52, and is switched and used according to the scanning direction of the substrate P. . That is, when performing scanning exposure while moving the substrate P in the + X direction, the first liquid supply unit 51 is operated to supply the liquid from the supply ports 53a to 53f, and the substrate P is moved to —X When performing scanning exposure while moving in the direction, the second liquid supply unit 52 is operated to supply the liquid 1 from the supply ports 54a to 54f.
- the operation of the liquid supply mechanism 50 is controlled by the control device CONT.
- the storage device MRY stores the pattern distribution information of the mask M in advance.
- the controller CONT controls each of the liquid supply mechanisms 50 based on the pattern distribution information of the mask M so that the temperature distribution of the liquid 1 is uniform regardless of the distribution of the exposure light EL.
- the temperature of the liquid supplied from the supply ports 53a to 53f (or 54a to 54f) is controlled. For example, when scanning and exposing the shot area SA on the substrate P while moving the substrate P in the + X direction, consider the pattern distribution of the mask M (the distribution of the exposure light EL incident on the liquid 1).
- Supply liquid 1 at 23 ° C which is almost the same as the chamber temperature, from supply ports 53 d, 53 e, and 53 f, and supply liquid 53 d, 53 e, and 53 f from supply ports 53 a, 53 b, and 53 c.
- step S 3 temperature distribution information of the liquid 1 in the Y-axis direction (non-scanning direction), which is a direction intersecting the scanning direction (X-axis direction), is obtained.
- the controller CONT adjusts the temperature of the liquid supplied from each of the supply ports 53a to 53f based on the obtained liquid temperature distribution information.
- the temperature of the liquid 1 forming the liquid immersion area AR 2 can be made uniform, and the deterioration of the pattern image due to the temperature distribution of the liquid can be prevented.
- the temperature of the liquid 1 supplied onto the substrate P is adjusted so that the temperature of the liquid 1 between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P is made uniform.
- non-exposure light infrared rays that do not expose the resist
- the temperature distribution of the liquid 1 in the liquid immersion area AR 2 is made uniform. It may be.
- the adjustment method in the present embodiment and the adjustment method in the first embodiment are used. And may be combined.
- the zero-order component of the change in the image plane position described with reference to FIG. 8 is corrected by adjusting the position of the substrate P surface using the substrate stage PST.
- the primary component of the change in the image plane position is corrected by adjusting the image characteristics of the projection optical system PL using the imaging characteristic control device 3 or the like.
- the higher order component of the change in the image plane position is corrected by adjusting the temperature of the liquid supplied from each of the plurality of supply ports 53a to 53f.
- the temperature of the liquid 1 supplied from each of the supply ports 53a to 53f is controlled.
- the liquid temperature distribution in the non-scanning direction of the liquid immersion area AR 2 is made uniform.
- the liquid supplied from the supply ports 53 a to 53 f per unit time is By changing the supply amount, the liquid temperature distribution in the non-scanning direction of the liquid immersion area AR2 can be made uniform. In this case, the temperature rise of the liquid is suppressed as the liquid supply amount per unit time is larger, and the temperature rise of the liquid is promoted as the liquid supply amount per unit time is smaller.
- the pressure applied by the liquid 1 forming the immersion area AR 2 to the substrate P changes according to the supply amount of the liquid supplied from each of the supply ports 53 a to 53 f, and the surface of the substrate P and the pattern If there is an error in the alignment of the image with the image plane, the surface of the substrate P and the image plane of the pattern image are adjusted according to the amount of liquid supplied from the supply ports 53a to 53f. And the positional relationship may be corrected. Further, in the present embodiment, the temperature of the liquid 1 supplied from each of the supply ports 53 a to 53 f is changed to each other, so that the liquid temperature distribution in the non-scanning direction of the liquid immersion area AR 2 is uniformed.
- each supply port 5 3 is set so that the liquid temperature distribution in the non-scanning direction of the liquid immersion area AR 2 becomes non-uniform.
- the temperature of the liquid 1 supplied from a to 53 f can also be adjusted.
- the liquid 1 is supplied to the projection area AR1 of the projection optical system PL from one side in the X-axis direction (scanning direction).
- the projection area AR1 is supplied in the X-axis direction ( The liquid 1 may be supplied from both sides (in the scanning direction).
- a liquid supply port may be provided on one or both sides in the Y-axis direction (non-scanning direction) to supply the liquid 1 from the X-axis and Y-axis directions. Further, a plurality of these liquid supply ports may be provided, and liquids having different temperatures may be supplied from the respective supply ports.
- the exposure apparatus EX is a liquid having supply pipes 7 1 and 7 2 (supply ports 71 A 72 A) arranged in two in the Z-axis direction which is a direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction.
- a supply mechanism 10, and two recovery pipes 73 which are provided side by side in the Z-axis direction so as to face the supply pipes 71, 72.
- a liquid recovery mechanism 30 having a recovery port 74 (recovery ports 73A and 74A).
- the liquid supply mechanism 10 can supply liquids having different temperatures from the respective supply ports 71A and 72A.
- the immersion area AR2 two liquid layers LQ1 and LQ2 having different temperatures can be formed.
- the liquid 1 for forming the upper liquid layer LQ 1 that contacts the optical element 2 at the tip of the projection optical system PL is always supplied at approximately the same temperature.
- the temperature of the liquid 1 in the lower liquid layer LQ2 that contacts the surface of the substrate P, which is likely to rise in temperature when exposed to the exposure light EL, is changed according to the pattern distribution of the mask M (distribution of incident exposure light). Can be supplied.
- the heat change due to the heat generated from the substrate P is transmitted to the optical element 2 at the tip of the projection optical system PL. Can be suppressed.
- the temperature of the liquid supplied to form the lower liquid layer LQ2 may be lower than the temperature of the liquid supplied to form the upper liquid layer LQ1.
- the temperature of the liquid 1 forming the upper liquid layer LQ1 may be changed according to the pattern distribution of the mask M (distribution of incident exposure light).
- the temperature of the liquid supplied from each supply port 7 1 A s 72 A is set so that the temperature of the liquid in the upper liquid layer LQ 1 and the temperature of the liquid in the lower liquid layer LQ 2 are substantially the same.
- the liquid supply mechanism 10 can supply the liquids 1 having different temperatures from a plurality of positions separated in the Z-axis direction. Also, in FIG. 11, only one set of the supply pipes 71 and 72 and the collection pipes 73 and 74, which are separated in the X-axis direction, is shown. They may be arranged side by side in the direction. Also in the present embodiment, the supply amounts of the liquid supplied per unit time from the respective supply ports 71 A s 72 A can be made different.
- the supply port 7 is set so that the temperature of the liquid in the liquid layer LQ1 and the liquid in the liquid layer LQ2 are the same or a desired temperature difference is generated.
- the supply amount of 1 A and supply port 7 1 B can be different.
- the supply port 71A and the supply port 71 are such that the flow of the liquid in the liquid layer LQ1 and the flow of the liquid in the liquid layer LQ2 have substantially the same speed, or a desired speed difference is generated.
- the supply amount of B can be made different.
- the exposure apparatus EX includes a temperature sensor 81 having a plurality of sensor elements 81 a to 81 f separated in the Y-axis direction for measuring the temperature of the liquid, and a sensor element 82.
- a temperature sensor 82 having a to 82 f is provided.
- the sensor elements 81a to 81f are provided in supply pipes 51a to 51f, respectively.
- the sensor elements 82a to 82f are provided in supply pipes 52a to 52f, respectively.
- the first liquid supply unit 51 and the second liquid supply unit 52 of the present embodiment each function as a liquid recovery mechanism that recovers the liquid 1 on the substrate P. That is, the first and second liquid supply units 51 and 52 can suck and collect the liquid 1 on the substrate P via the supply port and the supply pipe. For example, while the first liquid supply unit 51 supplies the liquid 1 onto the substrate P, the second liquid supply unit 52 functions as a liquid recovery mechanism and recovers the liquid 1 on the substrate P.
- the collected liquid 1 passes through the supply pipes (recovery pipes) 52 a to 52 f, the temperature is measured by the sensor elements 82 a to 82 f.
- the liquid 1 on the substrate P is collected by the recovery ports (supply ports) 54 a to 54 e provided at a plurality of positions separated in the Y-axis direction. And the temperature of the liquid 1 collected at a plurality of positions can be measured by the plurality of sensor elements 82a to 82f.
- the first liquid supply unit 51 functions as a liquid recovery mechanism and recovers the liquid 1 on the substrate P.
- the mask M is loaded on the mask stage MST, and the substrate P is loaded on the substrate stage PST.
- the controller C 0 NT drives the liquid supply mechanism 50 and the liquid recovery mechanism 30 to form a liquid immersion area AR 2 between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P.
- the mask M is illuminated with the exposure light EL, and test exposure is performed on the substrate P (step SB 1).
- the liquid 1 in the immersion area AR 2 is irradiated by the exposure light EL only in the area corresponding to the slit-shaped projection area AR 1 whose longitudinal direction is in the Y-axis direction, so that a temperature distribution mainly occurs in the Y-axis direction.
- the substrate P a test substrate different from the device manufacturing substrate may be used.
- the first liquid supply unit 51 functions as a liquid recovery mechanism. Therefore, the liquid 1 on the substrate P is recovered via the recovery pipes (supply pipes) 51a to 51f.
- the temperature of the liquid flowing through the recovery pipes 51a to 51f is measured by the sensor elements 81a to 81f.
- the measurement results of the temperatures of the sensor elements 81a to 81f are output to the controller CONT.
- the controller CONT obtains the temperature distribution of the liquid 1 in the Y-axis direction based on the detection results of the plurality of sensor elements 81a to 18f arranged in the Y-axis direction (step SB2).
- the first liquid supply unit 51 functioning as a liquid recovery mechanism can be configured to recover an amount of liquid whose liquid temperature can be measured.
- the control device CONT controls the liquid immersion so that a desired pattern image is projected on the substrate P via the projection optical system PL and the liquid 1.
- the temperature of the liquid supplied from each of the supply ports 54 a to 54 f connected to the second liquid supply part 52 is adjusted so that the temperature of the liquid 1 in the area AR 2 in the Y-axis direction becomes uniform.
- a positive amount is obtained (step SB 3).
- the controller CONT adjusts the temperature of the liquid 1 to be supplied onto the substrate P from each of the supply ports 54a to 54f based on the obtained correction amount of the liquid temperature, and adjusts the actual device production.
- Immersion exposure hereinafter, referred to as main exposure
- the first liquid supply section 51 does not function as a liquid recovery section (the function is removed).
- the second liquid supply unit 52 functions as a liquid recovery mechanism, and the test exposure and the main exposure are performed in the same procedure as described above. .
- the liquid 1 to be supplied is projected so that the desired pattern image is projected onto the substrate P.
- adjustment of the supply amount of the liquid 1 per unit time, adjustment of the position and orientation of the substrate P, adjustment of the image characteristics of the projection optical system PL, and the like may be performed as described above. . Also, these various adjustments may be performed in combination.
- the liquid is supplied from each supply port so that the temperature of the liquid 1 in the liquid immersion area AR2 becomes uniform.
- the correction amount of the liquid temperature supplied from each supply port may be determined after analyzing the pattern formed on the substrate P by the test exposure. In this case, the temperature of the liquid supplied from each supply port may be adjusted so that the temperature of the liquid 1 in the immersion area AR2 becomes non-uniform.
- the temperature distribution of the liquid is obtained by using the dummy substrate.
- a plurality of temperature sensors 90 are provided on the surface of the dummy substrate DP.
- the dummy substrate DP has substantially the same size and shape as the substrate P for device manufacturing, and can be placed on the substrate stage PST, which is a movable member that can hold and move the substrate P (can be held). I have.
- the dummy substrate DP can be attached to and detached from the substrate stage PST. is there. That is, the temperature sensor 90 on the dummy substrate DP can also be attached to and detached from the substrate stage PST.
- the temperature sensor 90 has a plurality of sensor elements 91 provided on the surface of the dummy substrate DP.
- the sensor element 91 is composed of, for example, a thermocouple.
- On the dummy substrate DP a plurality of sensor placement areas SC corresponding to the shot areas SA (see FIG. 6) are set.
- the sensor arrangement area SC is set to be substantially the same as the size (shape) and arrangement of the shot area SA to which the device pattern is exposed.
- a total of nine sensor arrangement areas SC are set in a substantially matrix shape, three in each of the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction (3 ⁇ 3).
- a plurality of sensor elements 91 are arranged in a matrix in plan view in each sensor arrangement area SC.
- a total of 25 sensor elements 91 are provided in one sensor placement area SC in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, each having five (5 ⁇ 5). That is, the temperature sensor 90 on the dummy substrate DP has a plurality of sensor elements 91 separated at least in the non-scanning direction (Y-axis direction) of the substrate P (dummy substrate DP). The detection portion (probe) of the sensor element 91 of the temperature sensor 90 is exposed on the surface of the dummy substrate DP, and can detect the temperature of the liquid 1 in the liquid immersion area AR2.
- the temperature sensor 90 for measuring the temperature of the liquid 1 in the immersion area AR 2 is located near the image plane of the projection optical system PL. It can be movably arranged.
- the sensor element 91 arranged in the shot area SA including the projection area AR1 of the projection optical system PL is arranged in the projection area AR1 of the projection optical system PL and in the vicinity thereof. Since a plurality of sensor elements 91 are arranged in the non-scanning direction (Y-axis direction) with respect to the projection area AR1, at least the non-scanning direction (Y-axis direction) of the projection area AR1 Can be measured.
- a signal transmission line (cable) 93 for transmitting a temperature detection signal of the sensor element 91 (temperature sensor 90) to the control unit CONT is connected to each sensor arrangement area SC.
- One end of the signal transmission line is connected to the sensor element 91 (temperature sensor 90) in each sensor arrangement area SC, and the other end is connected to the control unit CONT outside the dummy board DP (outside the board stage PST).
- the signal transmission line 93 is embedded in the dummy substrate DP, and the signal transmission line 93 extending from an end of the dummy substrate DP is connected to the control device CONT.
- each sensor arrangement area SC provided on the surface of the dummy substrate DP is subjected to a surface treatment so as to have different light reflectances.
- each of the sensor arrangement areas SC is coated with a material film having a different light reflectance from each other.
- the sensor elements 91 (temperature sensors 90) arranged in each sensor arrangement area SC are exposed to different light reflection conditions when exposed to the exposure light EL through the projection optical system PL and the liquid 1. Then, the temperature of the liquid 1 can be measured.
- an alignment mark 94 for aligning the sensor arrangement area SC with a predetermined position is provided for each sensor arrangement area SC. The alignment mark 94 is detected by an alignment system (not shown).
- the alignment system obtains the position information of the projection area AR1 of the projection optical system PL with respect to the temperature sensor 90 (sensor element 91) arranged in the sensor arrangement area SC based on the detection result of the position of the alignment mark 94. .
- the sensor element 91 of each sensor arrangement area SC is aligned with the projection area AR1 of the projection optical system PL.
- the sensor elements 91 arranged in the non-scanning direction Y-axis direction
- Positioning processing is performed so that the sensor elements 91 are arranged, that is, the alignment direction of the plurality of sensor elements 91 in the Y-axis direction and the longitudinal direction of the projection area AR1 of the projection optical system PL match.
- a procedure for measuring the temperature of the liquid 1 in the liquid immersion area AR2 by the temperature sensor 90 shown in FIG. 14 will be described.
- the mask M is read into the mask stage MST, and the dummy substrate DP having the above-described temperature sensor 90 is loaded on the substrate stage PST.
- the controller CONT detects the position of the above-mentioned alignment mark 94, obtains the positional relationship between the projection area AR1 of the projection optical system PL and the temperature sensor 90 of the sensor arrangement area SC, and obtains the projection area AR.
- the longitudinal direction (Y-axis direction) of 1 is aligned with the arrangement direction of the sensor elements 91 in the Y-axis direction.
- the control device CONT drives the liquid supply mechanism 50 and the liquid recovery mechanism 30, respectively, to form the liquid immersion area AR2 between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P, and also sets the mask M to the exposure light EL. To illuminate.
- the control unit CONT scans and moves the mask stage MST supporting the mask M and the substrate stage PST supporting the dummy substrate DP in the X-axis direction in the same manner as the operation during device manufacturing.
- the temperature distribution of the liquid 1 in the liquid immersion area AR 2 is measured by using the temperature sensor 90 arranged on the ST.
- the temperature distribution in the Y-axis direction of the shot area SA (projection area AR 1), and thus the pattern distribution in the Y-axis direction of the mask M, are measured based on the detection results of the sensor elements 91 arranged in the Y-axis direction.
- the temperature distribution in the X-axis direction of the shot area SA and, consequently, the pattern distribution in the X-axis direction of the mask M are provided in the sensor arrangement area SC which moves in the X-axis direction with respect to the projection area AR1 in the X-axis direction.
- the measurement is performed based on the detection results of the plurality of sensor elements 91 obtained. Thereby, the temperature distribution of the liquid 1 in the XY direction with respect to one shot area SA can be measured.
- the controller CONT measures the temperature distribution for each of the plurality of sensor arrangement areas SC set on the dummy substrate DP. Since the sensor placement areas SC are set to have different light reflectivities, for example, when a substrate P having a different light reflectivity (specifically, a type of photoresist) is used during device manufacture, the It is possible to measure liquid temperature distribution information under light reflection conditions according to the substrate P.
- the control device C 0 NT uses the projection optical system PL and the liquid 1 based on the temperature information (temperature distribution information) of the liquid 1 measured using the temperature sensor 90 provided on the dummy substrate D ⁇ .
- Various operations as described above can be executed such that a desired buttered image is projected onto the substrate via the.
- a correction amount for correcting the driving of the imaging characteristic control device 3 or a correction amount for correcting the movement (posture) of the substrate stage PST during scanning exposure is obtained.
- the supply ports 54a to 54f (53a to 53f) (FIG. 3) are set so that the temperature of the liquid 1 in the immersion area AR2 becomes uniform. Find the correction amount for correcting the temperature of the liquid supplied from (1). These obtained correction amounts are stored in the storage device MRY. While the controller CONT is performing the processing for obtaining the correction amount, the dummy substrate DP is unloaded from the substrate stage PST, and the substrate P for device manufacturing is loaded on the substrate stage PST.
- FIG. 15 shows another embodiment of the dummy substrate DP provided with the temperature sensor 90.
- a storage element 95 for storing a temperature detection signal of a temperature sensor 90 is provided on a dummy substrate DP. Specifically, the storage element 95 is embedded in the dummy substrate DP.
- the liquid 1 in the immersion area AR 2 is detected using the dummy substrate DP shown in FIG. 15, the liquid 1 in the immersion area AR 2 is detected while the dummy substrate DP is held on the substrate stage PST. The temperature is detected, and the detection result is stored in the storage element 95. Next, after performing the test exposure, the dummy substrate DP is unloaded from the substrate stage PST, and the temperature detection result stored in the storage element 95 is extracted (read). Control equipment When performing immersion exposure processing for device manufacturing, the CONT performs correction for adjusting the image characteristics of the projection optical system PL based on the temperature information of the extracted liquid, as in the above embodiment. Determine the amount or determine the correction amount for adjusting the temperature of liquid 1 forming liquid immersion area AR2.
- the storage element 95 is detachably provided with respect to the dummy substrate DP, and after detecting the temperature of the liquid 1, the storage element 95 is removed from the dummy substrate DP, and the liquid temperature stored in the storage element 95 is measured. O As described above, by arranging the substrate provided with the temperature sensor 90 on the movable substrate stage PST, the scanning movement with respect to the exposure light EL can be performed. Since the liquid temperature can be measured while measuring, the liquid temperature distribution in the liquid immersion area AR2 corresponding to the short area SA for device manufacturing can be measured.
- a liquid immersion area AR 2 is preferably formed between the projection optical system PL and the dummy substrate DP.
- the temperature can be measured under substantially the same conditions as the immersion exposure conditions at the time of device manufacture. Further, based on the measurement result, the temperature of the liquid 1 can be accurately adjusted at the time of the immersion exposure.
- the temperature distribution of the immersion area AR2 mainly includes the exposure light EL. Although it is caused by the irradiation of light, it is also conceivable that it may be caused by the temperature environment around the exposure apparatus (around the immersion area), for example.
- the temperature sensor 90 for detecting the temperature of the liquid 1 in the immersion area AR 2 is provided on the dummy substrate DP that can be attached to and detached from the substrate stage PST. May be provided at a predetermined position. Further, it may be provided so as to be detachable from a predetermined position of the substrate stage PST. Alternatively, the temperature sensor 90 may be provided movably in a predetermined area on the substrate stage PST.
- a temperature sensor for detecting the liquid temperature in the liquid immersion area AR 2 may be provided near the optical element 2 at the tip of the projection optical system PL.
- the temperature of the liquid supplied from each supply port is adjusted mainly to adjust the projection state.
- the temperature of the liquid supplied from each supply port is adjusted for other purposes.
- the temperature of the liquid may be adjusted.
- the temperature of the liquid supplied from each supply port can be adjusted so as to have a desired temperature distribution of the substrate P.
- pure water was used as the liquid 1 in the above embodiment. Pure water has the advantage that it can be easily obtained in large quantities at a semiconductor manufacturing plant or the like, and that it has no adverse effects on the optical resistor (lens) or the like on the substrate P.
- pure water has no adverse effect on the environment and has an extremely low impurity content, so it is expected to have the effect of cleaning the surface of the substrate P and the surface of the optical element provided on the front end surface of the projection optical system PL. it can.
- the refractive index n of pure water (water) with respect to the exposure light EL having a wavelength of about 193 nm is about 1.44, and an Ar F excimer laser light (wavelength When 193 nm is used, the wavelength is shortened to 1 Zn on the substrate P, that is, about 134 nm, and a high resolution is obtained.
- the optical element 2 is attached to the tip of the projection optical system PL, and this lens can be used to adjust the optical characteristics of the projection optical system PL, for example, aberrations (spherical aberration, coma, etc.). .
- the optical element attached to the tip of the projection optical system PL may be an optical plate used for adjusting the optical characteristics of the projection optical system PL.
- a parallel plane plate that can transmit the exposure light EL may be used.
- the surface of the optical element that comes into contact with the liquid 1 due to scattering particles generated from the resist by exposure to the exposure light EL or adhesion of impurities in the liquid 1, etc. becomes dirty.
- this optical element as an inexpensive parallel flat plate, the cost of replacement parts can be reduced and the time required for replacement can be reduced as compared with a lens, and maintenance costs (running costs) can be reduced. And a decrease in throughput can be suppressed.
- the pressure between the optical element at the tip of the projection optical system PL and the substrate P caused by the flow of the liquid 1 is large, the optical element is not replaced by the optical element but is replaced by the pressure. You may fix firmly so that it may not move.
- the space between the projection optical system PL and the surface of the substrate P is filled with the liquid 1, but for example, a cover glass made of a parallel flat plate is attached to the surface of the substrate P.
- the liquid 1 may be filled in the state.
- the liquid 1 of the present embodiment is water
- a liquid other than water may be, for example, when the light source of exposure light EL is an F 2 laser, No F 2 laser beam is not transmitted through water. in, or a fluorine-based fluid such permeable as fluorine-based oil an F 2 laser light as the liquid 1.
- liquid 1 other liquids that are transparent to the exposure light EL, have a refractive index as high as possible, and are stable to the photoresist applied to the projection optical system PL and the surface of the substrate P (for example, It is also possible to use Seda Oil. Also in this case, the surface treatment is performed according to the polarity of the liquid 1 to be used.
- the substrate P in each of the above embodiments is not limited to a semiconductor wafer for manufacturing a semiconductor device, but may be a glass substrate for a display device, a ceramic wafer for a thin-film magnetic head, or a mask or reticle used in an exposure apparatus. Of the original (Eng synthetic stone, silicon wafer) etc. are applied.
- the exposure apparatus EX includes a step-and-scan type scanning exposure apparatus (scanning stepper) that scans and exposes the pattern of the mask M by synchronously moving the mask M and the substrate P. It can also be applied to a projection exposure apparatus (stepper) of the step-and-repeat type in which the pattern of the mask M is exposed collectively while the substrate is stationary, and the substrate P is sequentially stepped.
- the present invention can also be applied to a step-and-stitch type exposure apparatus that transfers at least two patterns on the substrate P while partially overlapping each other.
- the present invention is also applicable to a twin-stage type exposure apparatus.
- the structure and exposure operation of a twin-stage type exposure apparatus are described in, for example, JP-A-10-163099 and JP-A-10-214783 (corresponding US Pat. Nos. 6,341,007, 6,400,441,6, 549, 269 and 6,590, 634), Table 2000-505958 (corresponding U.S. Patent 5,969, 441) or U.S. Patent 6,208,407, which are designated or selected in this international application. To the extent permitted by national law, these disclosures are incorporated by reference into the text.
- the type of exposure equipment EX is not limited to exposure equipment for manufacturing semiconductor elements, which exposes semiconductor element patterns to the substrate P, but also exposure equipment for manufacturing liquid crystal display elements or displays, and thin film magnets.
- each of the stages PST and MST may be of a type that moves along a guide, or may be a guideless type that does not have a guide. Examples of using a linear motor for the stage are disclosed in U.S. Patents 5,623,853 and 5,528,118, and their disclosure is subject to the laws of the country specified or selected in this international application.
- each stage PST, MST is such that a magnet unit with a two-dimensionally arranged magnet and an armature unit with a two-dimensionally arranged coil face each other to drive each stage PST, MST by electromagnetic force.
- a flat motor may be used.
- one of the magnet unit and the armature unit is connected to the stages PST and MST, and the other of the magnet unit and the armature unit is provided on the moving surface side of the stages PST and MST.
- the reaction force generated by the movement of the substrate stage PST may be mechanically released to the floor (ground) using a frame member so as not to be transmitted to the projection optical system PL.
- the method of dealing with this reaction force is disclosed in detail in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,528,118 (JP-A-8-166475 publication). To the extent permitted by the laws of the country specified or selected in the international application, they are incorporated herein by reference.
- the reaction force generated by the movement of the mask stage MST may be mechanically released to the floor (ground) using a frame member so as not to be transmitted to the projection optical system PL.
- the method of dealing with this reaction force is disclosed in detail in, for example, US Pat. No. 5,874,820 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H8-330224). To the extent permitted by applicable national law, this shall be part of the text.
- the exposure apparatus EX of the embodiment of the present invention controls various subsystems including the respective constituent elements recited in the claims of the present application so as to maintain predetermined mechanical accuracy, electrical accuracy, and optical accuracy.
- Manufactured by assembling Before and after this assembly, adjustments to achieve optical accuracy for various optical systems, adjustments to achieve mechanical accuracy for various mechanical systems, and various electrical systems were performed before and after this assembly. Adjustments are made to achieve electrical accuracy.
- the process of assembling the exposure apparatus from various subsystems includes mechanical connections, wiring connections of electric circuits, and piping connections of pneumatic circuits among the various subsystems. Assembling these various subsystems into exposure equipment Needless to say, there is an assembly process for each subsystem before the process.
- step 201 for designing the function and performance of microdevices
- step 202 for fabricating a mask (reticle) based on these design steps
- device Step 203 for manufacturing a substrate that is a base material of the above
- Exposure processing step 204 for exposing the pattern of the mask onto the substrate by the exposure apparatus EX of the above-described embodiment
- Device assembly step (dicing step, bonding step, package It is manufactured through the steps of 205, inspection step 206, etc.
- the distribution of the exposure light or the pattern is used.
- the pattern can be transferred onto the substrate in a desired state.
- a high-performance device can be manufactured.
- the liquid forming the immersion area is heated to a desired temperature based on the measurement result. Since the state can be adjusted, the pattern can be transferred onto the substrate in a desired state.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (14)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR1020177010133A KR101915914B1 (ko) | 2003-05-28 | 2004-05-26 | 노광 방법, 노광 장치, 및 디바이스 제조 방법 |
KR1020137003771A KR101618419B1 (ko) | 2003-05-28 | 2004-05-26 | 노광 방법, 노광 장치, 및 디바이스 제조 방법 |
KR1020137003770A KR101548832B1 (ko) | 2003-05-28 | 2004-05-26 | 노광 방법, 노광 장치, 및 디바이스 제조 방법 |
KR1020127013925A KR101728664B1 (ko) | 2003-05-28 | 2004-05-26 | 노광 방법, 노광 장치, 및 디바이스 제조 방법 |
EP04734933A EP1628330A4 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2004-05-26 | EXPOSURE METHOD, EXPOSURE DEVICE, AND DEVICE MANUFACTURING METHOD |
KR1020157005388A KR20150036794A (ko) | 2003-05-28 | 2004-05-26 | 노광 방법, 노광 장치, 및 디바이스 제조 방법 |
KR1020187031461A KR20180122033A (ko) | 2003-05-28 | 2004-05-26 | 노광 방법, 노광 장치, 및 디바이스 제조 방법 |
US11/287,317 US7483117B2 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2005-11-28 | Exposure method, exposure apparatus, and method for producing device |
US11/312,478 US8233133B2 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2005-12-21 | Exposure method, exposure apparatus, and method for producing device |
US12/222,706 US8421992B2 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2008-08-14 | Exposure method, exposure apparatus, and method for producing device |
US12/314,823 US8711324B2 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2008-12-17 | Exposure method, exposure apparatus, and method for producing device |
US13/788,940 US9488920B2 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2013-03-07 | Exposure method, exposure apparatus, and method for producing device |
US15/266,702 US10082739B2 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2016-09-15 | Exposure method, exposure apparatus, and method for producing device |
US16/116,283 US20190011840A1 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2018-08-29 | Exposure method, exposure apparatus, and method for producing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2003151369 | 2003-05-28 | ||
JP2003-151369 | 2003-05-28 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/287,317 Continuation US7483117B2 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2005-11-28 | Exposure method, exposure apparatus, and method for producing device |
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WO2004107417A1 true WO2004107417A1 (ja) | 2004-12-09 |
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PCT/JP2004/007569 WO2004107417A1 (ja) | 2003-05-28 | 2004-05-26 | 露光方法及び露光装置、並びにデバイス製造方法 |
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US (7) | US7483117B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1628330A4 (ja) |
JP (5) | JP5218471B2 (ja) |
KR (8) | KR101915914B1 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN100541717C (ja) |
TW (5) | TWI651597B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004107417A1 (ja) |
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US20070258070A1 (en) * | 2004-07-12 | 2007-11-08 | Nikon Corporation | Method for Determining Exposure Condition, Exposure Method, Exposure Apparatus, and Method for Manufacturing Device |
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US20100141912A1 (en) * | 2004-01-20 | 2010-06-10 | Carl Zeiss Smt Ag | Exposure apparatus and measuring device for a projection lens |
US7773195B2 (en) | 2005-11-29 | 2010-08-10 | Asml Holding N.V. | System and method to increase surface tension and contact angle in immersion lithography |
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US8035799B2 (en) | 2004-12-09 | 2011-10-11 | Nikon Corporation | Exposure apparatus, exposure method, and device producing method |
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US8203693B2 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2012-06-19 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Liquid immersion lithography system comprising a tilted showerhead relative to a substrate |
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