WO2004104272A1 - ダイヤモンド被覆電極及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
ダイヤモンド被覆電極及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004104272A1 WO2004104272A1 PCT/JP2004/007102 JP2004007102W WO2004104272A1 WO 2004104272 A1 WO2004104272 A1 WO 2004104272A1 JP 2004007102 W JP2004007102 W JP 2004007102W WO 2004104272 A1 WO2004104272 A1 WO 2004104272A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/052—Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
- C02F2001/46138—Electrodes comprising a substrate and a coating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer
Definitions
- Vapor-phase synthetic diamond is a well-known technique for obtaining relatively large-area polycrystalline diamond at a lower cost than natural single-crystal diamond or artificial single-crystal diamond obtained under ultra-high pressure. It is used for heat sink of electronic parts and optical parts.
- a film forming method microwave plasma CVD, hot filament CVD, DC arc jet plasma CVD, and the like are known.
- diamond obtained by these methods is electrically insulating, but can add conductivity by adding impurities during film formation.
- Such conductive diamond has been studied and developed for semiconductors and electronic parts in the past, especially for single crystal diamond growth in the gas phase, but in recent years, conductivity has been imparted to polycrystalline diamond by vapor phase synthesis. These have attracted particular attention as electrodes for water treatment.
- a diamond electrode for water treatment is used in a situation where a large current flows through a large electrode in order to treat a large amount of water. Therefore, in order to increase the processing efficiency, it is important that the diamond layer, which is the outermost surface of the electrode, has a small electric resistance.
- the most widely known method for producing polycrystalline conductive diamond for a water treatment electrode is a method of adding boron during film formation in a microwave plasma CVD method and a hot filament CVD method.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-147211 describes an invention relating to a method for measuring uric acid in a liquid to be measured stably and with high sensitivity using an anodized diamond thin film electrode.
- a mixture of acetone and methanol with boron oxide (BO) dissolved is used as H gas as carrier gas.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-13188 discloses that a diamond film is formed by a microwave plasma CVD method with respect to a diamond electrode in which at least a part of the electrode is a semiconductor diamond film. It describes that diborane (BH) diluted with hydrogen is used as a source gas to form a film.
- BH diborane
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-313982 relates to an electrode having a diamond layer formed on a substrate.
- the diamond layer is formed by hot-wire CVD (hot-filament CVD) as trimethylporate (B) as a boron source. It describes that boron is added to diamond using ( ⁇ CH 2)) and that the boron content is 10-10000 ppm, preferably 102000 ppm, and more preferably 5-100 ppm.
- What is important as a diamond electrode is that diamond coating over a large area is possible, and that the electrical resistance of the diamond layer is low from the viewpoint of power efficiency as an electrode, that is, that boron is added in large amounts. is there.
- a conductive diamond film is formed on a large-area substrate as an electrode, peeling due to stress generated between the conductive diamond and the substrate, corrosive environment such as electrolytic corrosion, high potential, high current The physical strength and adhesion of a strong film that can withstand severe conditions of density are required.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2001-147211 A
- Patent Document 2 JP 9-13188 A
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-2000-313982
- Non-Patent Document 1 26th Symposium on Electrolysis Technology-Proceedings of Soda Industrial Technology Symposium Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention provides a method for producing a conductive diamond, in which a diamond electrode having a sufficiently low resistance can be obtained by increasing the amount of boron to be added, and the adhesion between the diamond film and the substrate can be improved.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a high-performance, high-durability electrode by sufficiently increasing the peeling resistance during electrolysis.
- the present invention limits the coefficient of thermal expansion of the substrate material to a limited range, reduces stress between the diamond film and the substrate, secures sufficient adhesion, and
- the use of an insulative substrate prevents electrochemical film peeling from the substrate even during electrolysis, and furthermore, nitrogen, tungsten,
- An electrode having a structure comprising a substrate of the present invention and a diamond layer coated on the substrate, wherein the substrate and the substrate are coated with diamond, wherein the diamond contains boron, and the concentration of boron is 100 ppm or more. , Less than 100 ppm.
- the boron-added diamond may contain at least one of nitrogen, tungsten, and tungsten carbide.
- the concentration of nitrogen contained in the diamond is not less than 100 ppm and not more than 100 ppm.
- the concentration of tungsten contained in the diamond is not less than 100 ppm and not more than 100 ppm.
- the nitrogen concentration contained in the diamond is preferably lOOOOppm or more and lOOOOOppm or less, and the tungsten concentration is preferably lOOOppm or more and lOOOOOppm or less.
- the diamond is a polycrystalline CVD diamond. It is preferable that the polycrystalline CVD diamond is manufactured by hot filament CVD.
- the peak intensity in the (111) direction in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the diamond is at least 3 times and not more than 10 times the peak intensity in the (220) direction, and the peak intensity in the (220) direction is the peak intensity in the (311) direction. It is preferably 1.2 times or more of the above.
- the peak width at half maximum of the (111) direction in the X-ray diffraction measurement of the diamond is preferably from 0.3 to 0.5.
- the substrate is formed of an insulator.
- Thermal expansion coefficient of the substrate 1. It is preferably 5 X 10- 6 8. is 0 X 10- 6.
- Thermal expansion coefficient of the substrate is more preferably a 2 X 10- 6 5. 0 X 10- 6.
- Said substrate is formed of an insulating material, and the thermal expansion coefficient, 1. 5 X 10- 6 -. 8 is preferably 0 X 10- 6.
- the substrate is at least one of oxide, nitride, and carbide.
- the substrate is a ceramic sintered body.
- the substrate is at least one of silicon nitride, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, mullite, and cordierite.
- the substrate is at least one of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, and titanium oxide.
- the surface roughness Ra of the diamond-coated surface of the substrate is preferably 0.2-5.0 / im.
- the forming and processing of the diamond-coated surface of the ceramic sintered body be performed before sintering the ceramic sintered body, and that no mechanical processing be performed after sintering. .
- the forming and processing of the diamond-coated surface of the ceramic sintered body is performed after sintering the ceramic sintered body, and heat treatment is performed again after sintering.
- the processing is milling, blasting, or grinding.
- the processing is milling.
- the thickness force of the diamond is not less than 0.1 ⁇ m and not more than 20 ⁇ m.
- the particle size force of the diamond is not less than ⁇ ⁇ m and not more than 5 ⁇ m.
- the diamond-coated electrode described above may be used to decompose a substance in a solution using an electrochemical reaction.
- a sample stage and a container filled with a liquid containing boron and oxygen as elemental components are arranged in a vacuum container, a tungsten filament is arranged near the sample stage, and a substrate is arranged on the sample stage.
- hydrogen and a gas serving as a carbon source are introduced at a prescribed mixing ratio to a prescribed pressure, and then the inlet of the vessel filled with a liquid containing boron and oxygen as elemental components.
- a carrier gas is further introduced, vapor of a solution containing boron and oxygen as elemental components is introduced from the outlet into the vacuum vessel, an electric current is applied to the filament, and the filament is cooled by a method such as water-cooling the sample stage.
- the method for producing a diamond-coated electrode by adjusting the efficiency to bring the substrate to a predetermined temperature, depositing a diamond film to which at least boron is added on the surface of the substrate, and producing the diamond-coated electrode.
- the diameter of the filament is 0.1 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less, the distance between the filament and the substrate is 4 mm or more and 10 mm or less, the gas pressure is 0.6 kPa or more, 7 kPa or less, and the filament temperature is 2100 ° C.
- it is preferable to produce a conductive diamond electrode by a method of keeping the temperature at 2300 ° C. or lower.
- the substrate and the composite electrode and the boron-doped conductive diamond is deposited on a substrate, preferably the substrate is an insulator, and the thermal expansion coefficient of 1. 5 X 10- 6 one 8. a 0 X 10- 6, Te cowpea to being added Caro weight force S 10000- l OOOOOppm of the boron sufficiently resistance Teigu and film adhesion strength between the diamond film and the substrate, an electrolytic peeling It is possible to obtain electrodes with strong properties.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the structure of a diamond-coated electrode of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the measurement results of X-ray diffraction of a diamond layer.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an X-ray diffraction half width.
- FIG. 4 shows a result of Raman spectroscopy measurement of a diamond layer.
- Diamond is generally an insulator, but conductivity can be imparted by adding an impurity such as boron.
- Methods for artificially producing diamond are roughly classified into a high-temperature high-pressure method and a vapor-phase synthesis method, and the latter is generally used to obtain large-area diamond.
- Plasma CVD, hot filament CVD, plasma jet CVD, and the like are widely known as methods for obtaining large-area diamond films by vapor phase synthesis.
- a sample stage is placed in a diamond vacuum container, and a tantalum filament is placed in the vicinity of the sample stage.
- the sample is placed on the sample stage, and the vacuum container is evacuated.
- a current is applied to the filament to heat it, and the sample is brought to a predetermined temperature by adjusting the cooling efficiency by, for example, cooling the sample stage with water.
- a diamond film can be deposited on the surface of the sample.
- boron doping method examples include a simple method of placing boric acid near the sample and the filament, and a method of introducing diborane gas.
- the former method has problems in that it is difficult to add boron while adjusting it in a large amount, and the latter method requires special safety measures because dangerous gases are used.
- a liquid containing boron and oxygen is filled in a container (hereinafter referred to as a "B source container"), and this container is used as a bubbler in a CVD container.
- the liquid containing boron and oxygen may be a solution obtained by dissolving boric acid in a mixture of methanol and acetone, or may be trimethyl borate or triethyl borate. May be.
- This method involves evaporating the boron source in the vessel by bubbling hydrogen or an inert gas such as Ar as a carrier gas into the B source vessel adjusted to an appropriate temperature, and introducing the vapor into the vacuum reactor. It is. After evaporation, installing a flow meter in the middle of the pipe can adjust the flow rate of the mixed gas containing the boron source.
- a boron-doped conductive diamond can be obtained by such a method. But this In the method of (1), depending on the conditions, the product force to which a large amount of boron is added may become amorphous carbon with a broken diamond structure. For example, when the amount of boron to be added is as high as 10,000 to 100 OOOppm, diamond may become amorphous carbon. In addition, the film-like product may be in a state in which the diamond structure and amorphous carbon are partially mixed, and the quality of the obtained diamond changes depending on the manufacturing conditions, and a stable conductive diamond can be obtained. May not be possible.
- the amount of boron added to the diamond film is desirably 10,000-1,000,000 ppm.
- the amount of nitrogen added should be 1000-1000 ppm, and the amount of tungsten should be 1000-1000 ppm. Either nitrogen or tungsten is added in one of the above amounts, and both are added.
- the amount of boron to be added can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of boron added during synthesis. In order to make the amount of the nitrogen-added koji the amount of the added nitrogen, a very small amount of nitrogen may be left in the reaction vessel. If the amount of boron is added in the amount described above, the amount of nitrogen will naturally be the amount described above if the amount of nitrogen is small.
- Tungsten can be added in an amount corresponding to the added amount of kneading by using tungsten as a filament material, adjusting the temperature during the reaction, and adjusting the distance from the substrate.
- the filament temperature during the reaction is preferably 2100-2300 ° C
- the substrate temperature is preferably 800 ° C and 1100 ° C.
- the tungsten may be present in the film as tungsten carbide. In this case, if the substrate temperature is set to 900-1100 ° C, tungsten in the film partially remains as tantalum carbide.
- the conductive diamond film is a polycrystalline body, and it is desirable that the crystal orientation in the film be randomly oriented rather than being oriented only in a certain direction. Fixed direction , The amount of boron, nitrogen, and tungsten added may greatly vary. Specifically, in the X-ray diffraction measurement, the peak intensity in the (111) direction is 3 to 10 times the peak intensity in the (220) direction, and the peak intensity in the (220) direction is It is desirable that the peak intensity is 1.2 times or more. Further, in the X-ray diffraction measurement, it is desirable that the half width of the peak indicating (111) be in the range of 0.3 to 0.5.
- the thickness of the diamond layer is desirably 0.1-20 ⁇ m, and the average particle diameter is desirably 0.1-5 ⁇ m. If the film thickness is too thin, a portion where the film is not continuous tends to be formed. If the film thickness is too thick, the stress is increased and the substrate is likely to be warped and the film to be peeled off. If the particle size is too small, the crystallinity tends to be destroyed, and if it is too large, it is easy to form a part remaining in the continuous film.
- the substrate coated with the conductive diamond film is preferably an electrically insulating material.
- the insulator has a resistivity of 10 6 ⁇ 'cm or more.
- This substrate is thermal expansion coefficient of 1. 5 X 10- 6.
- the coefficient of thermal expansion in this case shows the average value of 40-800 ° C. If the coefficient of thermal expansion is smaller than this range, residual stress in the tensile direction will be introduced into the film when diamond is coated, and if it is larger than this range, residual stress will be entered in the compressed direction. This is because the diamond film cracks and peels during the electrolytic test.
- the thermal expansion coefficient is more preferably 2. a 0 X 10- 6 5. 0 X 10- 6.
- the material of the insulator substrate is desirably at least one of oxides, nitrides, and carbides.
- the material of the insulator substrate may be silicon nitride, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, mullite, or cordierite.
- 5 X 10- 6 - may be a material satisfying 8. 0 X 10- 6 der Rukoto.
- the properties required as a substrate for forming a diamond film include that the substrate temperature during film formation reaches close to 1000 ° C, so that the melting point is high and the diamond film can withstand the thermal stress between the film and the substrate. That is, it is required that the difference in thermal expansion coefficient from diamond is not too large.
- carbon is not a substance that easily diffuses into the substrate, that carbon is easily etched by hydrogen, and that carbon is not a substance.
- the substrate is preferably an insulator in order to increase the resistance of the diamond film to peeling from the substrate.
- the substrate is conductive, the infiltration of liquid from pinholes or gaps between grain boundaries in the diamond film electrochemically acts on the substrate, causing the diamond film to peel off. It is.
- the generation of stress due to the addition of a large amount of boron or the like is caused.
- the above-mentioned substrate material is selected from the compatibility of the adhesiveness with the substrate.
- the roughness of the diamond-coated surface is desirably Ra: 0.2-5.0 / im.
- a conductive diamond containing a large amount of boron or the like as in the present invention, even if the substrate material is a substrate material that can maintain good adhesion with a normal diamond film. When a film is formed, it may be peeled off.
- the surface of the substrate has the aforementioned roughness.
- the forming and working of the substrate on the surface on which the diamond layer is formed is performed before sintering, and mechanically performed after sintering. It is desirable that no special processing be performed. By performing processing after sintering, stress remains on the substrate surface, and this may be one of the factors that reduce the adhesion between the substrate and the diamond film. When processing is performed after sintering, it is desirable to perform heat treatment again after processing. By doing so, the above-described residual stress is removed, and the adverse effect of the decrease in adhesion can be eliminated. [0036]
- the method of processing the surface of the ceramic substrate before sintering is not particularly limited, but is preferably milling, blasting, or grinding.
- the surface roughness can be adjusted by selecting the conditions, and the adhesion to the diamond film can be adjusted.
- milling is difficult to machine the surface of the ceramic after sintering, but before sintering, it is possible to accurately form periodic irregularities on the substrate surface, which is difficult with the other two methods
- a unique characteristic surface shape can be obtained, and the effect of enhancing the adhesion of the diamond film is particularly large.
- a substrate having the material and size shown in Table 1 was used as a base material, and its surface was subjected to a scratch treatment using diamond powder, and then washed. These substrates were set in the synthesis apparatus shown in Table 1, and conductive diamond 1 was synthesized on the base material 2 as shown in FIG.
- the gas pressure was 2.7 kPa or 7 kPa
- the hydrogen flow rate was 5000 sccm
- the methane (CH 2) flow rate was 0.5-2 Osccm.
- Triethyl borate [B ( ⁇ CH)] is used as a boron source, bubbling is performed using Ar gas as a carrier gas, and boron is contained in an atomic ratio of 0.2 to 1.0% to carbon. Was supplied so as to have a concentration.
- the substrate temperature is 700-1000. C.
- the synthesis apparatus was a hot filament CVD apparatus (HFCVD)
- tungsten was used as the filament
- the filament temperature was set at 2000 2200 ° C.
- the synthesizer was a microwave plasma CVD (MPCVD) system
- the microwave frequency was 2.45 GHz and the microwave output was 5 kW.
- the synthesis time was 4 hours, and the thickness of diamond was changed as shown in Table 11 by changing the methane flow rate and the concentration of diborane gas.
- Table 1-1 shows the results of peeling and combining, as a result, as a result, as a part, as a ⁇ , and as a result, as X.
- diamond synthesized by vapor phase is usually a polycrystal.
- the diameter of the diamond particles on the outermost surface of the diamond is preferably not less than 0.01 zm and not more than 2 zm. If the thickness is less than 0.01 ⁇ m, it is difficult to form the entire surface as in the case where the thickness is small, and the crystallinity is also deteriorated. When the particle size is larger than 2 x m, voids and cracks are generated between the diamond particles, and subsequent peeling is likely to occur. Peeling or cracking occurs.
- the particle size of diamond particles can be controlled by controlling the nucleation density of diamond by pretreatment for film formation, the concentration of a carbon-containing gas such as methane, and the like, and by the subsequent growth conditions.
- the substrate-filament distance was 5 mm.
- the substrate temperature was adjusted to be between 600 and 950 ° C by adjusting the cooling efficiency of the sample stage.
- Example No.2-21-32 After seeding treatment using powder, diamond was deposited under several types of deposition conditions using a hot filament CVD system (Sample No.2-21-32). The size of the substrate was 60 mm square and 2 mm thick. The average thermal expansion coefficient at 40 to 800 ° C was used as the thermal expansion coefficient of the substrate. Hydrogen and boric acid were used as the introduced gas in a solution prepared by dissolving an appropriate amount of a mixture of methanol and acetone, and the gas generated by bubbling hydrogen gas therein was used as the carbon and boron sources. The raw material solution was adjusted so that the ratio of carbon to boron was 100: 1 in atomic ratio. The gas pressure during film formation was 3 kPa.
- the filament wire As the filament wire, a tungsten wire having a diameter of 0.4 mm was used, the filament temperature was 2200 2300 ° C., and the distance between the substrate and the filament was 10 mm. The substrate temperature was adjusted to be between 600 and 950 ° C by adjusting the cooling efficiency of the sample stage.
- the resistivity and the expansion coefficient are within the above-mentioned ranges, and those having a surface roughness exceeding the ranges are those having "partially peeled” in the electrolytic test.
- the “partial peeling” in the above includes very slight peeling, and actually includes the case where there is almost no deterioration. In fact, for example, in Sampnore No. 2-13, there were very few areas where the film with a large surface roughness was covered and there were no areas, and it was extremely difficult to distinguish this area from the peeled area. Partial peeling ", but in fact, this peeled part did not expand. Therefore, it is considered that resistivity and thermal expansion coefficient greatly contribute to durability.
- Example 2 Using the substrate in Example 2 (sample No. 2_11, 12, 14, 16, and 17), further experiments were performed while changing the conditions of the electrolytic test. As the electrolysis test conditions, a 0.1 M sodium sulfate solution was used. 1. At a current density of OA / cm 2 , a test was performed for 1000 hours using the same type of electrode for both electrodes. Table 3 shows the results.
- Example 3 In the electrolytic test of Example 3, a substrate subjected to heat treatment at 1000 ° C. for 1 hour in a vacuum after processing on a substrate having the same condition as that of 2-17 ′ where peeling occurred under the conditions of Example 3 was used. No peeling occurred.
- the peak intensity in the (111) direction in X-ray diffraction was at least three times the peak intensity in the (220) direction.
- the peak intensity in the (220) direction was 1.2 times or more the peak intensity in the (310) direction.
- the half width of the peak in the (111) direction was in the range of 0.3 to 0.5.
- the peak intensity force in the (111) direction is more than 10 times the peak intensity in the (220) direction, and there is no peak in the (310) direction. I didn't understand.
- the half width in the (111) direction was 0.3 or less.
- Sample No. 1 one 2, 3 amount of boron was suitable amount, 5, in the Raman spectrometry 1300-1380Cm- 1 of average intensity force 1100- 1700cm- the average intensity of 1 3 times or less
- the resulting force sample ⁇ ⁇ 2_21 was more than three times.
- the surfaces of the substrates were blasted using # 60 alumina sand, and then washed.
- hot filament CVD HFCVD
- microwave CVD ⁇
- a conductive diamond layer was formed using a PCVD method.
- the gas pressure was set to 7 kPa
- the hydrogen flow rate was set to 3000 sccm
- the methane flow rate was set to 0.5 to 5 Osccm.
- Diborane gas was used as the boron source, and the flow rate was 0.2 to 1.0% for methane.
- the substrate temperature is 700-1 ooo. c.
- Each of the obtained diamond films contained boron in the range of lOOOOppm-lOOOOppm.
- the film thickness and surface roughness were changed by changing the flow rates of methane and diborane gas.
- the symbol “ ⁇ ” indicates that no peeling occurred in the electrolytic treatment
- the symbol “X” indicates that peeling or cracking of the substrate occurred and the electrolysis could not be continued.
- a diamond electrode was used for both the anode and the cathode in a container filled with an aqueous solution of lmol / liter sulfuric acid. The electrodes were fixed at a distance of 10 mm and power was supplied. The conditions were: 1. The test was performed for 100 hours with a current of OA / cm 2 flowing.
- the coated diamond layer having a maximum surface roughness Rmax of less than 0.1 ⁇ m was peeled off.
- Rmax maximum surface roughness
- pre-seeding treatment was performed using diamond powder, and then diamond was formed under several types of film formation conditions using a hot filament CVD apparatus. I let it.
- the gases used are ⁇ , CH and boric acid as the boron source
- a bubbler filled with trimethyl B ( ⁇ CH) is bubbled with Ar gas.
- a tungsten filament was used, the filament temperature was 2200, and the distance between the substrate and the filament was 5 mm.
- the substrate temperature was adjusted to be between 600 and 950 ° C by adjusting the cooling efficiency of the sample stage.
- the electric resistance was measured, and the amount of boron and tungsten added was measured by a secondary ion mass measurement method.
- the potential window was measured as an electrochemical evaluation using a tissue observation by SEM. The results are shown below.
- conductive diamond films of Samples 7-1 1 to 7-5 were produced using various kinds of production methods and substrates. Microwave plasma CVD and hot filament CVD were used as diamond deposition methods. Boron was used as an impurity of the soybean curd. A 75-mm-square polycrystalline Si substrate was used as the substrate, and a conductive polycrystalline diamond film was formed thereon (Sample 7-1-7-3). For comparison, a 5 mm square lb diamond single crystal was used, and a conductive diamond epitaxy film was formed thereon (Samples 7-4, 7-5).
- the diamond film formation conditions are as follows: a pressure of 2.66 kPa, hydrogen, methane, and Ar + trimethyl borate as a common gas, and a mixing ratio (volume ratio) of 1000: 20: 1-120. And That is, the ratio of methane to 100 parts by volume of hydrogen was 2 parts by volume, and the ratio of Ar + trimethyl borate to methane was 5 to 100 parts by volume. Trimethyl borate was introduced into the apparatus by publishing Ar into a container filled with liquid trimethyl borate.
- the substrate temperature was 800 ° C.
- the conditions for plasma CVD were 5 kW of input power, and the conditions for thermal filament CVD were a 0.2 mm diameter dundasten filament and a filament.
- the temperature was 2200 ° C, and the distance between the substrate and the filament was 5 mm.
- the amount of boron and tungsten added was measured. Secondary ion mass measurement was used for the measurement. The electrical resistance of the diamond film was measured. The dimensions of the substrate used in Sample 7-1-7-3, 75 mm square, are the electrode size for the electrolytic device used this time. Finally, the potential window was measured. When measuring the potential window, the outer periphery was covered with insulating resin and the electrode exposed area was used as a 50 mm square.
- the sample 7-1 to which boron was added by using the hot filament CVD method had a large amount of boron and tungsten, a low electric resistance, and a wide potential window.
- the potential window is wide when the amount of boron added is small, and the potential window is narrow when the amount of boron is large. This is probably because the addition of a large amount of boron destroyed the diamond crystal structure.
- the substrate temperature was adjusted to be between 600 and 950 ° C by adjusting the cooling efficiency of the sample stage.
- the obtained diamond sample was subjected to SEM to observe the structure, and the potential window was measured as an electrochemical evaluation. The results are shown below.
- Example 1 Using an electrode coated with diamond of Sample No. 1-2 in Example 1 as an electrode, an electrolytic test of a phenol-containing aqueous solution was performed. For comparison, a similar electrolytic test was performed using platinum and lead oxide as electrodes. As a result, when the electrode coated with diamond was used, the organic carbonized component (TOC) in the aqueous solution was reduced to 10% or less in about 30% of the time of the lead oxide electrode. With a platinum electrode, the TOC could not be reduced to about 30% over time. From this result, the electrode coated with the diamond of the present invention is efficiently It was confirmed that phenol could be decomposed.
- TOC organic carbonized component
- a diamond electrode having sufficiently low resistance can be obtained by increasing the amount of boron added, and the substrate material is made of an insulator, or By limiting the size of the thermal expansion coefficient of the substrate, it is possible to obtain a conductive diamond electrode having high adhesion between the diamond film and the substrate and having sufficiently enhanced peeling resistance during electrolysis.
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/547,381 US7314540B2 (en) | 2003-05-26 | 2004-05-25 | Diamond-coated electrode and method for producing same |
EP04734725.7A EP1630257B1 (en) | 2003-05-26 | 2004-05-25 | Diamond-coated electrode and method for producing same |
JP2005506376A JP4581998B2 (ja) | 2003-05-26 | 2004-05-25 | ダイヤモンド被覆電極及びその製造方法 |
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JP2003147055 | 2003-05-26 | ||
JP2003-147055 | 2003-05-26 | ||
JP2003-369534 | 2003-10-29 | ||
JP2003369534 | 2003-10-29 | ||
JP2003375771 | 2003-11-05 | ||
JP2003-375771 | 2003-11-05 | ||
JP2004030301 | 2004-02-06 | ||
JP2004-030301 | 2004-02-06 |
Publications (1)
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WO2004104272A1 true WO2004104272A1 (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
Family
ID=33479787
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2004/007102 WO2004104272A1 (ja) | 2003-05-26 | 2004-05-25 | ダイヤモンド被覆電極及びその製造方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7314540B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1630257B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4581998B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20060009811A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004104272A1 (ja) |
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- 2004-05-25 EP EP04734725.7A patent/EP1630257B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-05-25 WO PCT/JP2004/007102 patent/WO2004104272A1/ja active Application Filing
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JP2008063607A (ja) * | 2006-09-06 | 2008-03-21 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | ダイヤモンド被覆基板、電気化学的処理用電極、電気化学的処理方法及びダイヤモンド被覆基板の製造方法 |
US7833581B2 (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2010-11-16 | The Hong Kong University Of Science And Technology | Method for making a highly stable diamond film on a substrate |
JP2009280421A (ja) * | 2008-05-20 | 2009-12-03 | Sadao Takeuchi | 高強度ダイヤモンド膜工具 |
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US10829379B2 (en) | 2011-07-28 | 2020-11-10 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Polycrystalline diamond and manufacturing method thereof, scribe tool, scribing wheel, dresser, rotating tool, orifice for water jet, wiredrawing die, cutting tool, and electron emission source |
WO2013015348A1 (ja) * | 2011-07-28 | 2013-01-31 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 多結晶ダイヤモンドおよびその製造方法、スクライブツール、スクライブホイール、ドレッサー、回転工具、ウォータージェット用オリフィス、伸線ダイス、切削工具ならびに電子放出源 |
JP2016502600A (ja) * | 2012-11-09 | 2016-01-28 | インドゥストリエ・デ・ノラ・ソチエタ・ペル・アツィオーニ | 微小電極を備えた電解セル |
CN105561882A (zh) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-11 | 河南广度超硬材料有限公司 | 一种多晶金刚石的制造方法 |
WO2018016404A1 (ja) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-25 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | ホウ素ドープダイヤモンド |
JP2018012611A (ja) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-25 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 不純物ドープダイヤモンド |
WO2018016403A1 (ja) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-25 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 不純物ドープダイヤモンド |
JP2018012612A (ja) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-25 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | ホウ素ドープダイヤモンド |
JP7023477B2 (ja) | 2016-07-19 | 2022-02-22 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | ホウ素ドープダイヤモンド |
JP2018197177A (ja) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-12-13 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 多結晶ダイヤモンドおよびその製造方法、スクライブツール、スクライブホイール、ドレッサー、回転工具、伸線ダイス、切削工具、電極ならびに多結晶ダイヤモンドを用いた加工方法 |
JP2018203559A (ja) * | 2017-06-01 | 2018-12-27 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 多結晶ダイヤモンドおよびその製造方法、スクライブツール、スクライブホイール、ドレッサー、回転工具、ウォータージェット用オリフィス、伸線ダイス、切削工具、電極ならびに多結晶ダイヤモンドを用いた加工方法 |
JP7098856B2 (ja) | 2019-10-18 | 2022-07-12 | 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 | ダイヤモンド被覆工具 |
JP7421018B1 (ja) | 2022-04-26 | 2024-01-23 | 住友化学株式会社 | ダイヤモンド膜堆積基板、およびダイヤモンド膜堆積基板の製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2004104272A1 (ja) | 2006-07-20 |
EP1630257B1 (en) | 2013-11-06 |
US7314540B2 (en) | 2008-01-01 |
EP1630257A1 (en) | 2006-03-01 |
US20060144702A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
KR20060009811A (ko) | 2006-02-01 |
EP1630257A4 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
JP4581998B2 (ja) | 2010-11-17 |
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