TWI294160B - Method of plugging through-holes in silicon substrate - Google Patents

Method of plugging through-holes in silicon substrate Download PDF

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TWI294160B
TWI294160B TW092116567A TW92116567A TWI294160B TW I294160 B TWI294160 B TW I294160B TW 092116567 A TW092116567 A TW 092116567A TW 92116567 A TW92116567 A TW 92116567A TW I294160 B TWI294160 B TW I294160B
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substrate
hole
metal
adhesive
holes
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TW092116567A
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TW200402836A (en
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Mashino Naohiro
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Shinko Electric Ind Co
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/28Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
    • H01L21/283Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/70Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/71Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
    • H01L21/768Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
    • H01L21/76898Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics formed through a semiconductor substrate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/28Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
    • H01L21/283Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
    • H01L21/288Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
    • H01L21/2885Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition using an external electrical current, i.e. electro-deposition
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/70Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/71Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
    • H01L21/768Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/40Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
    • H05K3/42Plated through-holes or plated via connections
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/70Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/71Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
    • H01L21/768Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
    • H01L21/76838Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
    • H01L21/76877Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material
    • H01L21/76879Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material by selective deposition of conductive material in the vias, e.g. selective C.V.D. on semiconductor material, plating
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S438/00Semiconductor device manufacturing: process
    • Y10S438/959Mechanical polishing of wafer

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Printing Elements For Providing Electric Connections Between Printed Circuits (AREA)

Description

1294160 玖、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 發明領域 本發明係關於在貫通孔内填充或插塞金屬之方法,該 5貝通孔係形成在用於矽半導體元件、中間夾層等等的單晶 $ 夕基板中。 在矽基板上之立體疊置元件的例子中,最困難處在於 矽基板上表面形成之電流布線和下表面形成的電流布線之 電流導通。 10 【先前技術】 發明背景 習知矽基板之上和下表面係經由以下的方法達到電性 接續性。在矽基板上形成穿透上和下表面的貫通孔之後, 在貫通孔内插塞金屬且石夕基板之上和下表面的電流圖形以 15插塞在貫通孔内金屬導體彼此連接。 例如,於曰本公開專利公報第1_258457號所揭露半導 體整合電路之製造方法,其中在單晶石夕製成的石夕叠置基板 上形成貫通孔且單晶石夕基板藉由熱氧化方式覆以ς緣二且 貫通孔插塞金屬。於專利出版之官方公報中揭露技術,其 中電鑛電極附著在石夕疊置基板的主要表面且以電鐘方式將 金屬插塞貫通孔。 根據上述在石夕基板上插塞貫通狀習知方法,藉由電 鑛方式在貫通孔内插塞金屬會產生微小孔洞的問題。因 此,不可能精確且密集地以金屬插塞貫通孔。為避免產生 1294160 上述之微小孔洞’已研究出方法在貫通孔藉由電鐘方式插 塞金屬之後,研磨矽基板之背面而裸露插塞金屬。然而, 即便採用上述反制方法,仍不可能避免插塞金屬中產生微 小孔洞。因此,不可能得到足夠精確且密集金屬組成的插 5塞。據前所述之習知技術的方法,半導體晶圓通孔布線之 可靠度低且良率變差。 【發明内容】 發明概要 據前所述,本發明之目的為在石夕基板上以金屬插塞貫 10通孔之方法,在此例中於矽基板上形成貫通孔之後且藉由 電鑛方式將金屬插塞這些貫通孔,此法特色在於避免插塞 金屬中產生微小孔洞,因此可精確且密集的以金屬插塞貫 通孔。 根據本發明,提供一方法以下列步驟在矽基板上插塞 15貝通孔:提供帶有第一和第二表面的石夕基板貫通孔自第一 表面牙透至弟一表面,在石夕基板之第一和第二表面包括貫 通孔的内壁面形成絕緣膜;藉由黏著劑在矽基板之第二表 面黏著導體面;經貫通孔蝕刻黏著劑自矽基板的第一表面 鑽穿黏著層,藉此貫通孔内之導體面裸露出來;藉由電鍍 2〇金屬使用石夕基板的第一表面之導體面做為電極將金屬填入 貝通孔;剝離導體面和平坦化石夕基板的第一和第二表面包 括填入之金屬;且對矽基板進行高壓退火。 在矽基板之第一和第二表面包括貫通孔的内壁面形成 絕緣膜為有助益的其為氧化膜(二氧化矽膜),係藉由化學蒸 1294160 氣沉積法(CVD)或是熱處理法形成。 以電漿蝕刻法進行黏著膜之蝕刻步驟同樣也有助益。 以化學機械拋光法(CMP)進行矽基板的第一和第二表面之 平坦化步驟。 5 在壓力150MPa溫度35〇t充滿氬氣之條件下進行矽基 板的高壓退火步驟。再者,該黏著劑以黏著膜為較佳。金 屬面以銅箔為較佳。 圖式簡單說明 第1圖表不在單晶矽基板上形成貫通孔步驟之圖; 0 帛2圖表示在石夕基板之正反面包括貫通孔的内壁面上 完全形成絕緣膜步驟之圖; 第3圖表示以黏著膜將一片金屬箔或是金屬板黏著在 矽基板背面步驟之圖; 第4圖表示在黏著膜上鑽孔狀態之圖; 15 第5圖表示藉由電解電鍍在貫通孔内插塞金屬步驟之 圖, 第6圖表示矽基板的對應面平坦化步驟之圖;且 第7圖表示對矽基板進行高壓退火步驟之圖。 【實施方式】 20 較佳實施例之詳細說明 本發明之實施例根據附圖詳述如下。 第1圖表示在單晶矽基板1上形成貫通孔2步驟之圖。於 此例中,矽基板1可為用於電子元件的晶圓矽基板,如半導 體7L素,或為用於中間夾層之晶圓矽基板。矽基板1可為數 1294160 百微米厚度的厚石夕基板或為數十微米厚度之薄石夕基板。藉 由習知方法如機麵孔或是雷射束機械加工或是以化學方 法如钱刻可形成貫通孔2。 第2圖表示在矽基板丨之整個正反面(第一和第二表面) 5匕括貝通孔2之内壁面上形成絕緣膜3步驟之圖。絕緣膜3的 形成藉由化學蒸氣沉積法(CVD)形成熱氧化膜(二氧化矽膜) 或疋在熱處理環境中氧化矽基板表面形成熱氧化膜(二氧 化矽膜)。 第3圖表示以黏著樹脂膜4將一片金屬箔或是金屬片$ 1〇黏著在矽基板1之背面步驟之圖。金屬箔5以金屬材質製成 諸如銅箔,在稍後步驟進行電解電鍍之例中做為陰極。矽 基板1黏者膜4和金屬箱5以鑽膜6彼此固定。 第4圖表示當矽基板卜黏著膜4和金屬箔5以鑽膜6彼此 固定時,自矽基板1之上表面對貫通孔2蝕刻,藉此在對應 15於貫通孔2部位黏著膜4鑽孔。在此例中蝕刻藉由電漿蝕刻 較佳,藉此電漿照射入貫通孔2内。當以此法在黏著膜*上 形成孔洞10,對應貫通孔2部位之金屬箔5則於貫通孔2中裸 露出來。因此,當進行下一電解電鍍步驟時,該片金屬箔5 做為陰極。 10 第5圖表示鑽膜6浸泡於電鍍液中且進行電解電鍍,如 前所述之金屬箔5做為陰極且於貫通孔内析出金屬u,藉此 金屬插塞這些貫通孔步驟之圖。在此例中銅為較佳電鏟金 屬11,其傳導性高。如上所述,當金屬箔或是金屬片5黏著 在矽基板1之背面時,藉此金屬箔或是金屬片5做為陰極, 1294160 再者當對應♦基板1上的貫通似部位之陰極裸露時,金屬 11僅會在對應貫通孔2部位析出。 第6圖表示剝離黏著在石夕基板i背面之金屬羯5且平坦 化石夕基板雙面包括插塞貫軌2的金屬咐驟之圖。由於前 5述原因,石夕基板變成條狀外形9。在此平坦化石夕基板i雙面 之步驟中,採用化學機械拋光法(CMp)為較佳。 第7圖表示對石夕基板旧行高壓退火步驟之圖。在此對 石夕基板1進行高壓退火之步驟中,於高壓氬氣環境下進行熱 處理。在退火製程中,加熱溫度設定約35〇艺且壓力設定約 10 150MPa為適合條件。加熱溫度當然必須較銅和銘之溶點來 的低許多,這樣在石夕基板i上插塞金屬(例如銅)和紹布線(未 顯示)才不會熔化。製程必須歷經一段時間而得到精確且密 集插塞銅。 如上所述根據本發明,藉由電解電鍍將貫通孔2插塞金 15屬(銅)之後,進行高壓退火。由於前述原因,可解決插塞金 屬中形成微小孔洞之問題。因此,得到精確且密集的金屬 插塞。例如在第6圖中所示退火之前狀態,因微小孔洞存在 於電鍍金屬11和貫通孔2㈣的氧化絕賴3之間造成微小 縫隙20,然而,在經過高壓退火之後,如第7圖所示金屬u 20填滿此缝隙。由於前述原因,可增進通孔布線之可靠度且 有效地防止良率劣化。 當進饤南壓退火時,藉由高壓氣體作用和高溫作用的 加乘作用’可自插塞金屬移除存在填入貫通孔之插塞中微 小孔洞。因此,可視為金屬緊密地填入貫通孔内。 1294160 茶考附圖本發明之實施例如上描述。然而,必須注意 I月JL不偈限上述的特殊實施例。以習知技術可做改 女、修飾和修正而不違背本發明之精神與範圍。 斤述根據本發明,藉由電解電錢將貫通孔插塞金 5屬(銅)之後’進行高壓退火。自於前述原因,可解決插塞金 廣中形成微小孔洞之問題。因此,得到精確且密集的金屬 插塞。 由㈣述原因’可增進通孔布線之可靠度且有效地防 土良率劣化。因此’在用於晶片級立體疊置石夕基板,可藉 1〇由電鍍將銅插塞於貫通孔。當實現晶片級立體疊置時,就 f以製造高性能半導體晶片。進—步,可以在高速下執行 運算,且更進一步,可執行緊密的疊置。 【圖式簡單韵^明】 第1圖表不在單晶矽基板上形成貫通孔步驟之圖; 15 第2圖表示在矽基板之正反面包括貫通孔的内壁面上 完全形成絕緣膜步驟之圖; 第3圖表示以黏著膜將一片金屬箔或是金屬板黏著在 石夕基板背面步驟之圖; 第4圖表示在黏著膜上鑽孔狀態之圖; 20 第5圖表示藉由電解電鍍在貫通孔内插塞金屬步驟之 圖; 第ό圖表示矽基板的對應面平坦化步驟之圖;且 第7圖表示對石夕基板進行高壓退火步驟之圖。 1294160 【圖式之主要元件代表符號表】 1…>5夕基板 2…貫通孔 3…絕緣膜 4…黏著膜 5…金屬箔 6…鑽膜 9…條狀外形 10···孔洞 11…金屬 20…缝隙 22…金屬
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Claims (1)

129416^ 092116567號專利申請案申請專利範圍修正本95.12 22 外年IV月修(泛)正本 ~楛^申請專士範圍: 1· 一種插塞>6夕基板中之貫通孔的方法,包括下列步驟: 備置具有貫通孔的該矽基板,該矽基板係具有第一 和第二表面的矽基板,而該等貫通孔係自該第一表面穿 5 透至該第二表面; · 形成一絕緣膜於包括該等貫通孔之内壁面的矽基 板的第一和第二表面之上; 藉由一黏著劑,黏著一導體面至該矽基板之第二表 Φ ; φ 1〇 經該等貫通孔,自該矽基板的第一表面蝕刻該黏著 劑’以鑽穿該黏著劑,使得該導體面暴露於貫通孔内; 、 使用該導體面做為一電極,藉由電鍍金屬,自該矽 基板之該第一表面將一金屬填入該等貫通孔中; 剝離該導體面,並平坦化包括填充金屬之該矽基板 15 的第-和第二表面;且 於该矽基板上進行高壓退火。 2.如專利巾請範圍第㈣之方法,其中形成於該包括貫通 · 孔内壁面之石夕基板之第一和第二表面上之絕緣膜係為 一乳化膜,該氧化膜係藉由化學蒸氣沉積法(CVD)或是 20 熱處理法而形成。 如專利申睛範圍第㈣之方法,其中該黏著劑的蚀刻步 驟係以電漿蝕刻來進行。 4·如專利申請範圍第1項之方法,其中該石夕基板的第-和 第表面平坦化步驟係以化學機械拋光法來進行。 12 1294160 5. 如專利申請範圍第1項之方法,其中於該矽基板上之高 壓退火步驟係在壓力150Mpa、溫度350°C,且充滿氬氣 之條件下進行。 6. 如專利申請範圍第1項之方法,其中該黏著劑為一黏著 5 膜。 7. 如專利申請範圍第1項之方法,其中該金屬面為一銅箔。
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TW092116567A 2002-06-19 2003-06-18 Method of plugging through-holes in silicon substrate TWI294160B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002178902A JP3904484B2 (ja) 2002-06-19 2002-06-19 シリコン基板のスルーホールプラギング方法

Publications (2)

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TW200402836A TW200402836A (en) 2004-02-16
TWI294160B true TWI294160B (en) 2008-03-01

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CN1467819A (zh) 2004-01-14
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TW200402836A (en) 2004-02-16
US20030235982A1 (en) 2003-12-25
KR100999907B1 (ko) 2010-12-13
JP3904484B2 (ja) 2007-04-11
EP1376686A3 (en) 2004-04-21
JP2004022990A (ja) 2004-01-22
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CN1310309C (zh) 2007-04-11
US6815348B2 (en) 2004-11-09

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