TW548186B - Evacuated panel for thermal insulation of a body having non-planar surfaces - Google Patents

Evacuated panel for thermal insulation of a body having non-planar surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
TW548186B
TW548186B TW090115323A TW90115323A TW548186B TW 548186 B TW548186 B TW 548186B TW 090115323 A TW090115323 A TW 090115323A TW 90115323 A TW90115323 A TW 90115323A TW 548186 B TW548186 B TW 548186B
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Taiwan
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evacuation
patent application
application scope
item
plate
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TW090115323A
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Gregorio Pierattilio Di
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Getters Spa
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F16L59/065Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E04B1/803Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00Insulation
    • F25D2201/10Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/12Insulation with respect to heat using an insulating packing material
    • F25D2201/126Insulation with respect to heat using an insulating packing material of cellular type
    • F25D2201/1262Insulation with respect to heat using an insulating packing material of cellular type with open cells
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00Insulation
    • F25D2201/10Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/14Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00General constructional features
    • F25D23/06Walls
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/242Slab shaped vacuum insulation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/10Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23Sheet including cover or casing
    • Y10T428/234Sheet including cover or casing including elements cooperating to form cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23Sheet including cover or casing
    • Y10T428/237Noninterengaged fibered material encased [e.g., mat, batt, etc.]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

548186 A7 B7 五、發明説明(1) 發明之領域 本發明係有關於一種抽空板,其可獲致一具有非平坦 表面之物體之熱絕緣。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 習知技術之說明 抽空板,特別是那些以塑膠材料製成之抽空板,在所 有領域中已被增加地使用,其中,需要於低於大約1 〇 〇 °c之溫度的熱絕緣。應用之範例包括家庭與工業用冰箱之 壁,飮料配送機器之壁(其中,其最需要熱絕緣,以使自 冷飮料分離大致上於大約7 0 °C之熱飮料部份),或供等 溫運輸用的i植之壁(例如運輸藥物,或冷或冰凍食物) 。進一步的,已硏究應用這些抽空板在建築領域或汽車工 業中。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 已知的,一抽空板係由一封套所形成,於其中提供塡 充材料。封套具有預防(或儘可能地減少)大氣氣體進入 抽空板內的功用,以使維持與應用所需之熱絕緣程度一致 之真空水平。爲達此目標,封套係以所謂的、、阻擋〃片所 製成’其特徵在於具有儘可能低之透氣性,其可由單一組 成件所形成,但更經常由不同組成件之多層所形成,在多 層之情況中,阻擋效果係由組成件層之一所給予,而其他 層則一般具有機械支撐與保護阻擋層之功用。 塡充材料主要具有當在抽空板中產生真空時用以分開 封套的相對面之功用,進一步的其他特色將於下述說明中 指出。此一材料可以爲無機的,例如爲矽粉末,玻璃纖維 -4- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 548186 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ,氣凝膠,矽藻土等;或爲有機的,例如爲聚醯胺或聚苯 乙烯之剛性海綿體,二者均爲薄板與粉末之形式。塡充材 料必須爲多孔的或不連續的,因此,可抽空孔率與間隙。 因爲在抽空板內側之大氣氣體的微量滲透,實際上不可避 免,在多數情況中,這些抽空板亦含有一或更多可吸收這 些氣體的材料(一般稱之爲吸氣劑材料),以使維持抽空 板內側之壓力於所需之値。 因爲已知之製成抽空板之材料的剛性,其一般爲平坦 形態,且因而,可被使用以絕緣實質上爲具有平坦表面之 平行六面體物體,但其不適合用於具有彎曲表面之物體, 例如爲電解槽加熱器或供在北極區域運輸石油使用之管路 ,或設有表面凹下處與離隙的物體。 目前供實現熱絕緣具有非平坦表面之物體所使用的方 法之一,係互相連接數個帶狀之平坦抽空板,例如由一粘 膠將其之邊緣粘附在一起,以使獲致一複合結構,其可沿 著中繼線彎折,以便配合被絕緣之物體的形狀。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 但是,在此類被互相連接之平坦板製成之結構中,於 中繼處產生熱傳遞,且因而,由該一結構所提供之熱絕緣 係不足的。 英國公司I C I的專利申請案WO96/32605中,說明具 有非平坦形狀之抽空剛性板及其之製造方法,在抽空步驟 之前,其在塡充材料中形成在所需方向中的槽,該槽具有 合適之寬度與深度。結果,塡充材料被嵌入一封套內,且 進行該組件之抽空步驟,由此,抽空板沿著槽彎折且形成 -5- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 548186 A7 B7 五、發明説明(3 ) 最後之非平坦形狀。最後,抽空板被密封。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 但是,已觀察到在該抽空之進行中,封套粘附至塡充 材料且被至少局部地被嵌入該槽內,因此,當完成抽空時 ,在其之所有部位中的抽空板之厚度係不規則的,其相關 於相同平板之平坦部份,在彎曲線處被下沉。結果,熱絕 緣性質亦不均勻且沿著這些彎折線而下降。 已知非平坦抽空板之另一缺點,在於被壓擠在槽之內 側的封套之破裂的風險,因而,造成大氣氣體可進入抽空 板之內側中,其永久地傷害抽空板本身之熱絕緣性質。 已知非平坦抽空板之進一步缺點,在於抽空步驟期間 ’即爲在製造抽空板之過程期間,其必須被彎曲地製成。 該彎曲之完成,顯著地增加由抽空板所佔據之容積,反之 ,其可於抽空板之最終應用時方便地將之取出,以使減少 困難及其之運輸與貯放的本成。 發明之槪要說明 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 因而,本發明之目的係提供用以將具有非平坦表面之 物體熱絕緣之抽空板,其無前述之缺點。該目的係由一抽 空板達成,該抽空板之主要特色係界定於第一項申請專利 範圍中,且其他之特色均界定於接下來之申請專利範圍中 〇 依據本發明之抽空板的一優點,係由於塡充材料的特 殊結構,其可被彎折直到其粘附至將被絕緣之物體的壁爲 止,且不必要在塡充材料中形成槽。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) : ·~ 548186 A7 B7 五、發明説明(4) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 依據本發明之抽空板的另一優點,係於彎曲期間,被 形成在彎曲的內部側上之數個折痕,因爲其爲小的實體, 不會導致封套本身之破裂,且不會產生大氣氣體朝向抽空 板內側滲透。 進一步的,依據本發明之抽空板,均以平坦形式被製 造’貯放,及運輸至最終應用處,且其次僅需將之彎曲以 使粘附至必須絕緣的物體。 依據本發明之抽空板的一進一步優點,係其可經由使 用可變數量之一單一種類的塡充材料之薄板,使得抽空板 被以多種厚度値製造。 依據本發明之抽空板的另一優點,係在其之主要面上 ’可簡單地且無須銑磨作業地製成一或更多之凹下處,該 凹下處可與必須被絕緣之物體的表面上可能存在之離隙互 補地配合。 圖_形之簡要說明 圖1顯示在平坦形態之依據本發明第一實施例的一抽 空板之橫剖面圖; 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 圖2顯示在彎曲形態之圖1的抽空板之橫剖面圖; 圖3顯示依據本發明第二實施例的一抽空板之橫剖面 圖;及 圖4顯示依據本發明第一實施例中每一對鄰近薄板間 肷入一塑膠片之橫剖面圖。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -7- 548186 ΑΊ B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(5) 元件對照表 1 封套 2 薄板 2 / 薄板 3 圓柱形物體 4 物體 5 離隙 6 凹下處。 7 塑膠片 i佳實施例之詳細說明 參照圖1,顯示依據本發明第一實施例的抽空板,包 括一已知種類的封套1,例如由二阻擋片沿著其之邊緣熔 接所形成(未顯示),及多數之塡充材料的薄板2,互相 相等且互相重疊地置於該封套1之內側。相對應於所需之 抽空板厚度的薄板2之組件的全體厚度,在目前已知之抽 空板中,係僅提供一塡充材料薄板。 該薄板2均較佳地由開敞氣囊式聚合材料所製成,且 其之厚度需充份地低,以使可彎曲。依據所使用之材料, 薄板之厚度可在大約2 m m至8 m m之間變化。較佳的, 使用具有大約4至6 m m厚度之聚醯胺海綿體的薄板爲塡 充材料。經由水平地切割一般之被應用以製造已知種類的 抽空板之薄板,而可達成這些厚度値,即爲,平行於其之 主要面切割。可選擇的,依據一已知之處理,該薄板之厚 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 批衣----:---1T------ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -8 - 548186 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(6) 度可經由壓縮而減少。 參照圖2,顯示依據本發明之抽空板已被彎曲且被置 於一圓柱形物體3的橫向表面上方,以使將之覆蓋。由於 所包括之單一薄板2的低厚度與產生之撓性,可以彎曲抽 空板。於彎曲步驟期間,該薄板2互相地滑動,因而產生 不同的最終彎曲徑,且結果,其之末端不再互相對齊。爲 使有利於多數薄板2之往復滑動,且因而有利於抽空板彎 曲,塑膠片7可被嵌入每一對鄰近薄板2之間,如圖4所 示。 在圖3中,顯示依據本發明的一特別實施例之抽空板 ,其被置於一物體4的非平坦表面上。在於此所示之特別 情況中,該非平坦表面係包括例如一離隙5之彎曲表面。 抽空板係由一封声1所形成,含有多數之塡充材料的 薄板2,在此一情況中爲四薄板。在一二鄰近薄板2 /中 (其中之一係於封套1之側)已進行貼合面,使具有相等 於該非平坦表面的那些離隙5之形狀與尺寸。因爲抽空, 封係粘附至塡充材料的外部表面,且因而,於貼合面處, 粘附至未被貼合面之內部薄板2的表面。以此一方式,抽 空板的主要面之一具有一與該離隙5正確互補之凹下處6 〇 顯然地,貼合面薄板2 /之數量與貼合面之尺寸,係 依據在抽空板的一面上所需之凹下處的形狀而定。 依據本發明之抽空板可含有一或更多之除氣劑(getter )材料’其係適合供化學地吸收濕氣及其他大氣氣體的材 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) -9- 裝 ^ 訂 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 548186 A7 __________ B7 五、發明説明(7) 料。較佳使用二或三吸氣劑材料的系統,含有至少一濕氣 化學吸收劑,及至少一選自過渡金屬氧化物中之成份(具 有吸收氫氣,c〇,及炭氫化合物的主要功用),及一基 於鋇與鋰之合金(具有吸收氮之主要功用)。此類之多種 除氣劑系統,均由申請者以COMBOGETTER ®之名稱販售 ’於其中,含有一濕氣吸收劑與基於鋇與鋰之合金粉末的 特別系統,係說明於專利E P - B — 7 6 9 1 1 7中;且 含有一濕氣吸收劑與一過渡金屬氧化物之除氣劑系統,其 可額外選用基於鋇與鋰之合金粉末,係說明於專利E p 一 A — 757920 中。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -10- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐)

Claims (1)

  1. 548186 :! A8 B8 C8 —--… j D8 々、申請專利範圍 1 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁〕 1 . 一種具有非平坦表面物體(3,4 )之隔熱抽空 板,設有二主要面,且包括由一或更多阻擋片製成的〜可 撓封套(1 ),及一塡充材料,其特徵在於,該塡充材料 係由至少兩層由開敞氣囊聚合海綿體構成的薄板(2 ; 2 /)所形成,該兩薄板互相疊層,且各具有大約2至8 m m之間的厚度。 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之隔熱抽空板,其中,進 一步包括被嵌入每一對鄰近薄板之間的塑膠片,以使有利 於其之往復滑動。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之隔熱抽空板,其中,該 薄板(2 ; 2 /)均由聚醯胺海綿體所製成,且每一均具 有在大約4與6 m m之間的厚度。 4 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之隔熱抽空板,其中,該 薄板(2 )均實質上地互相相等。 5 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之隔熱抽空板,其中,在 一或更多鄰近薄板(2 /)上,其一係於封套(1 )之側 ,製成至少一貼合面,該貼合面之形狀與尺寸係與被提供 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 在該物體(4 )的一非平坦表面上之離隙(5 )爲一致的 〇 6 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之隔熱抽空板,其中,封 套(1 )係由至少一多層片所製成。 7 ·如前述申請專利範圍的任一項之隔熱抽空板,其 中’其含有一除氣劑材料或裝置。 8 ·如申請專利範圍第7項之隔熱抽空板,其中,該 本紙張尺度適用中國國家榡準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) -11 - 548186 A8 Βδ C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 2除氣劑裝置包括至少一濕氣化學吸收劑,至少一選自過渡 金屬氧化物中之成份,及一基於鋇與鋰之合金。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) * IHIB9 US i_m iBt Sts0 3-liB «ϋ»Β— · ,裝— — 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -12-
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MXPA02012685A (es) 2003-04-25
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EP1297279A1 (en) 2003-04-02
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AU2001271005A1 (en) 2002-01-14
PL358742A1 (en) 2004-08-09
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US20030101672A1 (en) 2003-06-05
JP2004502118A (ja) 2004-01-22

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