LV10588B - Toy indented chisel railway - Google Patents
Toy indented chisel railway Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- LV10588B LV10588B LVP-93-16A LV930016A LV10588B LV 10588 B LV10588 B LV 10588B LV 930016 A LV930016 A LV 930016A LV 10588 B LV10588 B LV 10588B
- Authority
- LV
- Latvia
- Prior art keywords
- φηγ
- toy
- rail according
- traction
- gear
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H18/00—Highways or trackways for toys; Propulsion by special interaction between vehicle and track
- A63H18/02—Construction or arrangement of the trackway
- A63H18/04—Up-and-down-hill trackways
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H19/00—Model railways
- A63H19/02—Locomotives; Motor coaches
- A63H19/10—Locomotives; Motor coaches electrically driven
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H18/00—Highways or trackways for toys; Propulsion by special interaction between vehicle and track
- A63H18/02—Construction or arrangement of the trackway
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H18/00—Highways or trackways for toys; Propulsion by special interaction between vehicle and track
- A63H18/08—Highways or trackways for toys; Propulsion by special interaction between vehicle and track with mechanical means for guiding or steering
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H19/00—Model railways
- A63H19/30—Permanent way; Rails; Rail-joint connections
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H21/00—Other toy railways
- A63H21/04—Mono-railways, e.g. with vehicles embracing the rail in the form of a saddle
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Noodles (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Description
LV 10588 I* ΗΓΡΥΠΙΕΗΗΑΗ 3ΥΕΗΑΤΑΗ 2KEJIE3HAJI βΟΡΟΓΑ Onncamie
HacToamee Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗβ othochtch k HrpyinenHoft peeHHon xene3Hoft jļopore b COOTBeTCTBHH C OipaHHHHTeJIbHOH HaCTblO nyHKTa 1 φθρΜ}0Ιί.Ι H306peTCHHH,
HaBecTHbie HrpymeqHbie 3y6HaTbie xene3Hbie flopora, Koropbie npeflHa3HaneHbi fljiH Toro, μτο6η npH cHJībHbK ηβκποηβχ nojioTHa acene3HOH flopora npeofloneBaTb He^oeTaTomioe TpeHHe ciļeraieHHH Bejļymnx KOJiec, hbjihiotch τοήιβιμη κοπηημη cļjaKTHMecKH cyinecTByiomHx 3y6naTbix xene3Hbix flopor b yMeHbmeHHOM Maciirrače. Hx acerie3H0AopoacHbie nonomā ημθιοτ coorBercTBeHHO pacnoJioaceHHbift b cepeflHHe Mexny AByMH χο^οβμμη penbcaMH 3y6naTbiH penbc, b 3aneraieHHe c κοτορΜΜ βχολητ no MeHbmeā Mepe ojmo npHBojpimee b flencrBne ot ajieKrpoflBHraTenn τηγοβοη ποηβηχηοη eflHHHUbi. Χοτη Ha φηκτΗΜβοκη cym;ecTByiouļHX 3y6naTbix acene3Hbix floporax BbinojmeHO HecKonbKo cncTeM, Koropbie HBBecrabi nofl Η33Β3ηηημη ”CncTeMa PHrreH6axa”, "CncTCMa A&ra”, "CncreMa IHrpy6a” h "CncreMa Jloxepa”, H3Becmbie HrpyuienHbie MOflejin 3y6naTbix xejie3Hbix flopor no coo6paxeraraM προοτο npoH3BOflcroa KaK 3y6MaTbix pejibcoe, TaK h TaroBbix ποαβκκηηχ ejļHHHU ημθιοτ 3y6naTbie penbCbi c oTKpbrrbiM ΒβρχΗΗΜ 3y6naTbiM 3aiieruieHneM, T.e. npnMepHO b cooTBercrBHH c "CncreMOH IIirpy6a’\ H3BecTHbie MOflejin 3y6naTbix xejie3Hbix nopor H3-3a Tpe6yK>meroca cooTBercrBna xapaKTepa MOflejin fleHCTBHTejibHOCTH hmciot ecTecTBeHHO, HejļocTaTKU, 3aiaii04aiomHeca B BbICOKHX npOH3BOflCTBeHHblX paCXOAaX H OrpaHHMeHHOft JKeCTKOCTH KOHCTpyKUHH. 2 Πθ3ΤΟΜγ OHH He npnrOflHbl flJIfl yflOBJieTBOpeHHH ΗφΟΒΜΧ BJieHeHHH aeTeH ManeHbKOro B03pacīa, y κοτορωχ ecTecrBeHHo 0TcyrcTByeT ΛκφφβρβΗΐΐΗpoBaHHoe TexHHHecKoe noHHMaHHe, KOTopbie oamno Bce xe ΗΜειοτ noTpeČHocTb npoBOflHTb ejHHHHbi ΠΟβΒΗΧΗΟΓΟ COCTaBa no npOJIOJKeHHblM KaK JTOflHO Η ΗβΠροφβΟΟΗΟΗΟΠΒΗΟ, C CHJIbHblMH HaicnoHaMH h KpyTbiMH 3aKpymeHH«MH xejie3Ho,aopoxHoro nyTH. KpoMe τογο, H3Becnibie MojļejiH 3yāyaTbix xejie3Hbix nopor ΗΜβιοτ cymecTByioiiiHe Tarafce Ha 3eHCTBHTejibHbix 3y6Hanbix xene3Hbix floporax HejjocTaTKH, 3aKJiioHaioinHecH b tom, hto MaKCHMaJIbHO B03M0XHbIH HaKJIOH Xene3HOflOpOXHOrO Π}ΤΗ, B HaCTHOCTH, ΠρΗ npoioiamce 3aKpymeHHH nym, oraocnTejibHo Man. TouibKo OTHocHreuibHO GcuibiiioH Bec ΤΗΓΟΒΟΗ ΠΟβΒΗΧΗΟΗ eflHHHUbl Η OTHOCHTejIbHO ΗββοΠΒΙΠΟΗ ΒβΟ noe3jļa HJ1H OTHOCHTejIbHO He6oj7buian ynapHaa Harpy3Ka Moiyr BocnpeiMTCTCBOBaib ”Bbixojiy H3 3auenneHHa” ΤΗΓΟΒΟΗ ΠΟΛΒΗΧΗΟΗ eflHHHHbl C 3y6naTbIM peJIbCOM. ΠοΜΗΜΟ 3Τ0Γ0 B H3B6CTHblX ΜΟΑβΗΗχ 3y6naTbix xeJie3Hbix flopor MaHeBpbi c τοπηκβμη TaKace βο3Μοχηη jmuib BecbMa orpaHHHeHHo, noTOMy hto Ha cwibHbix HaKJioHax CTonKHyBiiraecH BaroHbi, b HacTHOCTH Ha 3aKpyrjieHHHX nyra, cxo^ht c xene3HO,nopoxHoro nyTH. K ypOBHK) ΤβΧΗΗΚΗ OTHOCHTCH ΤΒΚΧβ HrpyiHKH C flpyrHMH KOHCTpyKIļHHMH 3y6naToro npnBOfla pfa eflHHHUbi πολβηχηογο cocTaBa, KOTopaa oflHaKO He HBJiHercfl nacTbio 3y6HaTOH xene3HOH nopora. H3 naTenra C1IIA N°4547710 H3Becraa noflBHXHaH HrpymKa, Koropan conepxHT pacnOJIOXeHHbIH Ha OCHOBaHHH ropH30HTaJIbHbIH, Β OCHOBHOM raajlKHH xene3HoaopoxHbiH nyrb h H3o6paxaiomyK) φopMy φΗΓγρω φaHτacτHHecκoΓo ΧΗΒΟΤΗΟΓΟ nOABHJKHyiO eflHHHIiy C npHBOflOM. )KeJie3HOJlOpOXHbIH nyn> HMeeT φopMy npH5niH3HTejibHoro oBana c fleyMH napaJinejibHbiMH yHacrKaMH nyra h flBa flyroo6pa3Hbix KOHpeBbix coejiHHHTeJibHbix ynacTKa. 3tot xejie3HOflopoxHbiH nyrb no Bceft ΛΠΗΗβ HMeeT Ha BHjnpeHHeft κροΜκε nepneHHHKyjiHpHbie κ χο^οβοη noBepxHocTH xejie3HOjopoxHoro nyro 3yčbH, c κοτορΜΜΗ b 3aueiuieHHH HaxoflHTca npHBOflHMoe b neflcrBHe rorraiomeMCH ot SaTapeHKH aneKTpoflBHraTejieM 3y6naToe Koneco ποαβηχηοη eflHHHHbi. Ποαβηχηβη e^HHHiļa oxBaTbiBaeT 06a napajmejibHbix xene3HonopoxHbix nyra. ΠρΗ ΒκιποΗβΗΗΗ aneKTpoflBHraTejiH nonBHXHaa eaHHHiia flBHxercH b ohhom HanpaBJieHHH BflOJib o6ohx xejie3HoaopoxHbix nyreH, HToSbi Ha 3aMbiKaioiiieM nyroo6pa3HOM KOHueeoM coeflHHHTejibHOM ynacTKe noBepHyn>CH Ha 180° η προκτΗ xejie3HOiaopoxHbie nyra b προτΗΒοηοποχΗοΜ HanpaBJieHHH. C uejibio ynpaBneHHH ποηβηχηοη eflHHHUbi Ha OCHOBaHHH OHa ocHameHa onopHbiM 6auiMaKOM, κοτορΜΗ BBefleH b yrny6neHHe xejie3HOflopoxHbix nyreH h Mexay 3y6bHMH h HapyxHoft κροΜκοκ nopoJKHoro nonorHa.
AHanorHHHaH OTHOCHTejIbHO nocrynaTenbHoro αβηχθημη ποηβηχηοη ejiHHHUbi HrpyuiKa H3BecTHa H3 naTeHTa ΦραΗρΗΗ N° 617106. 3īa HrpyuiKa Taicxe HMeeT Ha OCHOBaHHH 3aMKHyTbIH npH6j!H3HTeJIbHO OBajībHblH nyTb C nepneHflHKyjKipHbIMH K LV 10588 XO#OBOH ITOBepXHOCTH nyTH 3y6bfl Ha BHyipeHHeH KpOMKe ΧΟβΟΒΟΗ ΠΟΒβρΧΗΟΟΤΗ. HBH3cymaHca BAcuib 3τογο nyra, ocHameHHaa npHBOflHbiM jjBHraTCJieM h HaxoflsmHMca b 3auenjieHHH c ynoMHHyTbiMH 3y6bHMH npHBOAHbiM 3y6aaTbiM KonecoM noflBHJKHaa eAHHHua noMHMo 3Toro BbinonHeHa aus Toro, moābi oflHpBpcMeHHO c nocrynaTenbHbiM ΑΒΗΧβΗΗβΜ npHBOflHTb bo BpamaTejibHoe jļBHJKeHHe flBe 3aKperuieHHbie Ha KpoHurreHHax noaBHJKHofi eAHHHUbi MOflejra caMoneroB b iuiockocth, nepneHflHKyHHpHOH nyTH OCHOBaHHH, yCTaHOBneHHOrO C B03BbIII16HHčM Hafl ΠΟΠΟΜ. B npoTHBoncuioacHOCTb 3T0My 3aflaHeH HaoČpereHHH HBJiHeTCH co3flaHHe HrpyuieqHOH 3y6qaTOH acene3HOH flopora ynoMHHyroro BHanajie rana, Koropaa npn coxpaHeHHH 3HaHHTejibHoro nofločHa MOfleJiH npn npoaoaceHHOM npaicraHecKH KaK yroAHO b Tpex H3MepeHHHX xejie3HOflopoxHoro nyra očecneHHBaeT 6e30TKa3Hyio 3KcnJiyaTauHio rsx& c bmcokhmh eecaMH noe3flOB h yaapHbiMH Harpy3KaMH, He Tpe6ya npH 3TOM CneUHaJIbHbIX 3HaHaHH n0JIb30BaTeJW. B cooTBeTCTBHH c H3o6pereHHeM HrpymeHHaa 3ydtiaTaa acene3Haa jtopora ynoMHHyToro BHanaJie urna HMeer npH3HaKH, npHBejoļeHHbie b OTJiHHHrenbHOH nacra nyHfcra 1 cf>opMy.Jibi H3o6peTeHHH. H3o6peireHHe othochtch Taoce κ xene3HojiopoacHOMy nyra, a TaicKe κ τηγοβοη noflBicacHOH ejiHHHue fliw HrpymeHHOH 3y6HaTOH xeJie3HOH flopora b cooTBeTCTBHH c nyHKTOM 1 φopMyπbI H3o6pereHHH. Xejie3HOflopo5KHbift nyrb b cooTBeTCTBHH c H3o6peTeHneM h raroBaa ποαβηχημ eflHHHiia b cooTBeTCTBHH c H3o6peTeHHeM onpeflejieHbi b nyHKTax 26 hjih 27 φορΜγπω H3o6peTeHHH.
Bjiaroaapa TOMy, hto Ha HrpymeHHOH 3y6qaTOH aceJie3HOH flopore BoagieHHe ΤΗΓΟΒΟΗ nOJIBHJKHOH enHHHHbl, a Taoce ΒΟΗζΰΡΗΗβ COHJieHeHHbUi C ΤΗΓΟΒΟΗ nOflBHJKHOH ejiHHHHeH HpyrHX ejiHHHU πο,ηβιεκηογο cocraBa ocym;ecTBJiHeTCH c noMoiiļbio pacnonojKeHHoro Ha >Kejie3HOflopoacHOM nyrH 3y6HaToro opraHa, flocraraeTCH oneHb BbICOKaH yCTOHHHBOCTb eflHHHHbl HJIH eflHHHII ΠΟ^ΒΗΧΗΟΓΟ COCTaBa Ha JKeJie3HOJIOpOJKHOM nyTH, BCJieflCTBHe Hero npaKTHHeCKH HCKJHOHaiOTCH ”cXOflbI c pejibcoB” Ha Kpyrbix 3aKpymeHHHX nyro h H3MeHHioiiiHXCH H3BKJiHCTbix yKH0Hax flaace npH BbICOKOH CKOpOCTH flBHHCeHHH. PacnOJIOJKeHHbie nepneHflHKyjIHpHO ΧΟΑΟΒΟΗ ΠΟΒβρΧΗΟΟΤΗ Hcejie3HoaopoxHoro nyTH čoKOBbie 3y6bH 3y6HaToro opraHa očecneHHBaioT npeoflOJieHHe KpyTbix noflbeMOB 6e3 onacHOCTH Bbixoaa H3 3aiieraieHHH npHBOflHoro 3y6naToro KOJieca ΤΗΓΟΒΟΗ nOflBffiKHOH ejļHHHUbl C 3THMH 3y6bHMH.
OjļHocTopoHee 3aHeaneHHe npHBOflHoro 3y6naToro KOJieca c 3y6bHMH 3y6naToro opraHa no3BOJiHeT ycraHaBJiHBaTb totobjto nonBH5KHyio eflHHHiiy Ha xejie3Hojj;opo}KHbifi nyTb 6e3 bchkhx προδπβΜ. Coctohihhh H3 HecKOJibKHx coHJieHeHHbix ,apyr c npyroM ynacTKOB xejie3HonopoxHbiū nyrH c ηβκποηβμη h 3aKpynieHHHMH μοχθτ ābiTb npoJioxeH npaKTHiecKH 6e3 3ηβηηη cneiiHanbHbix npaeHJi, He noBBepran coMHeHHio b 4 pe3yjibTaTe θτογο 6e3oroBopoaHbift npoe3A no acejie3HOflopo*HOMy nyra. B KanecTBe cneflyiomero npeHMymecTBa ciofla AoOaBJiaeTca to, hto SnaroAapa kohctpjtcuhh b COOTBeTCTBMH C H306peTeHHCM ClļenHbIX yCTpOHCTB MeXAy ΤΒΓΟΒΟΗ nOflBHJKHOH eAHHHUļeH H COeflHHHeMblMH C ΗβΗ B CJiynae Heo6xOAHMOCTH flpyrHMH He HMeiOIIiHMH npHBOfla eaHHHnaMH ποαβηχηογο cocTaBa b 3HamrrejibHoū creneHH npeAOTBpaiijaeTca BbmaBJiHBaHHe eAHHHu ποαβηχηογο cocTaea c »cejie3HOAopoHCHoro nyxH Aa^ce Ha KpyTbix h HMewuļHX 3aKpyraeHHB nyTH yicnoHax OaaroAapa TOMy, ητο npmioaceHHe onpe^enaiomero nociynaTejibHoe ABHaceHHe ycHJMH b Kascfloft eAHHHiļe ποαβηχηογο cocTaBa ocymecTBnaeTca no bo3mojkhocth b τοπκε b6jih3h χοαοβοη noBepxHocra nyra h b6jih3H neHTpa TaacecTH cooTBeTCTByioineH eanHimbi ποαβηηοιογο cocTaBa.
Hnace c noMoiubio HepTeaceH noacHaioTca npHMepbi HcnoJiHeHHa πρββΜετοΒ Η3θ6ρετεΗΗίΐ. Ηερτεχη noKa3biBaioT: Φηγ. 1: BHfl c6oKy ocHaiueHHoro inecTepeHHaTbiM npHBOAOM noēsta, cocroamero H3 cočpaHHbix ^ΗφκηΗροΒαΗΗΒΐχ y3AOB; Φηγ. 2: bha ceepxy noe3Aa b cooTBeTCTBHH c φΗΓ. 1; Φηγ. 3: bha CHH3y noe3fla b cooTBeTCTBHH c φκτ. 1; Φηγ. 4: bha b nepcneicraBe npaMoro yaacTKa nyTH, ocHaiueHHoro 3y6aaTOH peHKoft; Φηγ. 5: bha cHH3y yHacTKa nyiH b cootbctctbhh c Φηγ. 4; Φηγ. 6: bha ceepxy ocHameHHoro 3y6yaTOH ρβήκοή yaacTKa nyra, H3orayToro no Ayre 90°; Φηγ. 7: bha cHH3y οαηογο H3 AByx kohuob yMacTKa nyra b cooTBercTBHH c φΗΓ. 6; Φηγ. 8: bha cHH3y coeAHHHTejibHoft HaKJiaAKH ynacTKOB nyra b cooTBercTBHH c Φηγ. 4 h 6; Φηγ. 9: bha cHH3y coHJieHeHHOH τη γοβοη τοποκκη b cooTBeTCTBHH η Φηγ. 3 c H3o6paxceHHOH 3y6naTOH ρεήκοβ; Φηγ. 10: bha cHH3y coHJieHeHHOH npoMexyroHHOH TenexKH b cootbctctbhh c Φηγ. 3 c H3o6paaceHHOH 3y6aaTOH ρεκκοκ; Φηγ. 11: bha CHH3y coHJieHeHHOH KpaHHefi TeneacKH b cootbctctbhh c Φηγ. 3 c H3o6paxeHHOH 3y6HaTOH peHKoft; Φηγ. 12: bha b nepcneicraBe HecoaneHeHHOH npOMexyroHHOH TejieacKH b COOTBCTCTBHH C φΗΓ. 1-3', Φηγ. 13: bha b nepcneKTHBe τηγοβογο xoMyra cuenKH aaa τ&ποκκη b cootbctctbhh c φκΓ. 12; Φηγ. 14: roprooHTaJībHaa npoeKuna xoMyra cuenira b cootbctctbhh c φΗΓ.13; Φηγ. 15: paape3 xoMyTa cuenKH b cootbctctbhh c Φηγ.13; LV 10588 Φηγ. 16: bha b nepcneicrHBe HenpHcoeAHHeHHOH κραΗΗβκ τοπβχκκ b cooTBercTBHH c φ«Γ. 1-3; Φηγ. 17: bha b nepcneKTHBe coeAHHHTenbHoro xoMyra ausi tcjiokkh b COOTBeTCTBHH C φΗΓ. 16; Φηγ. 18: bha ceepxy ιιπατφορΜΜ eAHHHiļbi ποαβηχηογο cocraBa b COOTBeTCTBHH c Φηγ. 1-3; Φηγ. 19: bha c6oicy rma^opMbi eAHHHiļbi ποαβηχηογο cocTaBa b cooTBercTBHH c Φηγ. 18; Φηγ. 20: bha cnepeAH KOHna ιυΐΑτφορΜω eAHHHiļbi ποαβηχηογο cocTaBa b COOTBeTCTBHH c φκΓ. 18 h 19; Φηγ. 21: bha cnepeAH Apyroro KOHua ΓυΉτφορΜΗ eAHHHUbi ποαβηχηογο cocTaBa B COOTBeTCTBHH c φκΓ. 18 h 19; Φηγ. 22: bha CHH3y τηγοβοη τβΛβχκκ b COOTBeTCTBHH c ApyrHM BapnaHTOM HCnOJĪHeHHfl; Φηγ. 23: bha c6oKy BbinonHeHHOH b bhac λοκομοτηβα τηγοβοη ποαβηχηοη eAHHHHbi c AByMH TeJieūacaMH; Φηγ. 24: bha c6oKy τηγοβοη τβπβχκκ τηγοβοη ποαβηχηοη eAHHHiļbi β COOTBeTCTBHH c φκΓ. 23 B yBejiHHeHHOM Macnrra6e; Φηγ. 25: bha c6oKy χοαοβοη Hacra τηγοβοη ποαβηχηοη eAHHHiļbi β οοοτβθτοτβηη c φκΓ. 23 β yBeJiHHeHHOM MacorraSe; ι· Φηγ. 26: bha β nepcneKTHBe τηγοβοη τεπεχκκ β COOTBeTCTBHH c φκΓ. 24; Φηγ. 27: pacrHHjrrbiH bha β nepcneKTHBe τηγοβοη τοπβχκκ β cooTBercTBHH c φκΓ. 26; Φηγ. 28: bha β nepcneKTHBe χοαοβοη Maora β cooTBercTBHH c φκΓ. 25; Φηγ. 29: pacrHHyTbiH bha β nepcneKTHBe χοαοβοη Macra β cooTBercTBHH c φΗΓ. 28; Φηγ. 30: bha CHH3y HanpaBJiHiomero KOHCTpjrcraBHoro aneMeHTa χοαοβοη nacra β cooTBercTBHH c φκΓ. 27; Φηγ. 31: bha cHH3y onopHofi ππητμ aah ocen BpaineHHH χοαοβοη nacra b cooTBercTBHH c φκτ. 27; Φηγ. 32: bha cHH3y BbinojmeHHoro b bhac πρηβοαηογο Snona KOHCTpyKTHBHoro aaeMeHTa χοαοβοη nacra b cooTBercTBHH c φΗΓ. 27; Φηγ. 33: bha cHH3y HanpaBJiHiomero KOHCTpjrcraBHoro aneMeHTa χοαοβοη nacra b COOTBeTCTBHH c φκΓ. 29; Φηγ. 34: bha ceepxy ππΑτφορΜΜ τηγοβοη ποαβηχηοη eAHHHHbi b cooTBercTBHH c Φηγ. 23; 6 Φηγ. 35: nonepeMHoe ceneHHe, nacTHHHO b pa3pe3e, BbincuiHeHHoro b BHfle nOflBeCHOH βΟρΟΓΗ ΒΠρΗΠΗΤΗ HCIīOJIHeHHa ΗφγΠΙβΜΗΟΗ 3y6naTOH aceJie3HOH flopora; Φηγ. 36a: pa3pe3bi pa3JiHHHbix BapnaHTOB HcnojiHeHHa ocHameHHoro 3y6naTbiM opraHOM xejie3HOflopojKHoro nyra; Φηγ. 37: bhķ ceepxy yaacTKa acene3Ho,aopojKHoro nyro, ocHameHHoro b cooTBercTBHH c φκΓ. 4 3y6qaTOH peHKoft, c aneicrpHHecKHMH τοκοποαβοαπιπημη KOHTaKTaMH; Φηγ. 38: bhh MeTaroiHHecKoro κοητηκτηογο aneMeirra jļjih yqacnca xene3HOjiopoxHoro nyni b coorBeTCTBHH c φΗΓ. 37; Φηγ. 39: bhh cnepejjji οαηογο KOHBta yHacrKa »cejie3HOflopo3KHoro nyra b COOTBeTCTBHH C φΗΓ. 37 C aJieKTpHHeCKHMH COeflHHHTeJībHblMH KOHTaKTaMH.
Ha φΗΓ. 1-8 B KanecTBe npHMepa noKa3aH Bapnairr HcnonHeHHH HrpymeHHOH 3y6HaTOH Hcejie3HOH flopora b cooTBercTBHH c H3o6pereHHeM, Ha φΗΓ. 1-3 npeflcraBJieHbi ΒΗΗ c60Ky, BHB CBepXy H BHJļ CHH3y noe3fla, nOCipoeHHOrO H3 }ΉΗφΗΗΗρ0Β3ΗΗΗΧ y3JIOB no THny MOTopoBaroHHoro noe3fla, h Ha φκΓ. 4-8 noKa3aHbi paanHHHbie orHocaiaHeca κ 3T0My yqacTKH JKene3Ho,aopojKHoro nym B COOTBeTCTBHH c φκΓ. 1-5 npescTaBJieHHbiH noe3fl HMeeT τρκ BaroHa, a hmchho ΓΟΠΟΒΗΟΗ BaTOH C KaČHHOH JTipaBneHHH 1, npOMexyrOHHbIH BarOH 2 H XBOCTOBOH BarOH 3. Γοποβηοη BaroH 1 coeflHHeH c npoMejKjrroHHbiM BaroHOM 2 c noMombK) cpenrieHHOH c o6enx cTopoH TeneHCKH 4, a npoMejKjTOHHbiH BaroH coeflHHeH c χβοοτοβημ BaroHOM 3 c noMOiiļbio cuemieHHOH c o6enx cropoH TeneaocH 5. KpoMe τογο, γοποβηοη BaroH 1 h XBOCTOBOH BaroH 3 OCHameHbl B CBOHX KOHUeBbDC 30HaX COOTBeTCTBeHHO TeneJKKOft 6 HJ1H 7. Ha φΗΓ. 1-3 HapyacHas očhbks. BaroHa 1-3 h TenejKeK 4 h 5 He noKa3aHa, 3a HCKJiioHeHHeM ronoBHoro BaroHa 1, Ha κοτοροΜ pacnonoaceHa co6paHHaa H3 omenbHbrx kohcTpyKTHbhbix aneMeHTOB npuneraiomaa oSuiHBKa 8 BaroHa. TaKHe aneMembi o6uihbkh BaroHOB, KaK Ky30B BaroHa, jļBepM, okhh η τ.β., b HacroameM npHMepe HCnonHeHHfl npejmOHTHTenbHO C06paHbI H3 OTfleJlbHbUt KOHCTpyKTHBHbIX aneMeHTOB kohctpjtcuhh HrpyiiiKH h caMo co6oii pa3yMeeTca Moryr 6brn> BbinonHeHbi KaK jtoaho, He 0Ka3bman βπηηηηπ Ha npHBeaeHHHbiH HHJKe npHHUHn fleficTBHa HacroameH HrpymeHHOH 3y6HaT0H >Kene3H0H flopora. Jļna c6opKH τβκηχ o6uihbok ββγοηοβ KajĶUbrn BaroH 1-3 HMeeT cjiyxamyio b KanecTBe rnaccH BaroHa ΠJlaτφopMy 9, 10 h 11, c noMombio κοτοροΗ BaroHbi 1, 2 h 3 conneHeHbi TaicKe c TeneaocaMH 4 h 5, KaK aro 6yfler noncHeHo HHxe. Una ycTaHOBKH apyrHX KOHCTpyicrHBHbiX aneMeHTOB πππτφορΜΜ 9, 10 h 11 ocHameHbi H3BecTHbiM o6pa30M coeflHHHTenbHbiMH ΗΒπφπΜΗ 12 (φκΓ. 2). Ηηχηηη cTopoHa ππΒτφορΜ 9, 10, 11 BbinonHeHa b Biiņe ποπμχ τβπ, KOTopbie ycHneHbi pacnopKaMH 13 (φΗΓ. 3). LV 10588
TejieacKH 4 h 5, a TaiOKe τεπβχκπ 6 h 7 b ^ehhom npHMepe HcnojmeHHa H3roTOBJieHW, 3a HCKJiiOHeHHeM ocefi Kouiec h aneMeHTOB ciiemoi hjih KpenneHHa, ueJibHbiMH H3 cHHTeTeHMecKoro MaTepnana. 06e renejKKH 6 h 7 b cootbctctbhh c φΗΓ. 3 b ochobhom nojiyio hhjkhioio cTopoHy, KOTopaa HMeer noflorHaHHbie no φορΜβ fleTann 14 wia ycraHOBKH BpamaioinHxcH KOJiecHbix oceft 15, KajKflaa H3 κοτορωχ ocHaineHa AByMa HacaaieHHbiMH 6e3 KperuieHHa BpainaioiiiHMHca KOJiecaMH 16 c raaflKOH noBepxHocTbio KaneHHa. KpoMe τογο, Tejieaacn 6 h 7 ΗΜβιοτ pacnojiararomHeca napaMH apyr προτΗΒ «pyra h npocmpaionnieca b ochobhom b npojiajībHOM HanpaBJieHHH creHKH 17 h 18. KaK noacHaeica HHSce, sth ctchkh 17 h 18 cjiyxaT b KanecTBe HanpaBJiaioinHX creHOK TeneaceK 6, 7 Ha ocHaiiļeHHOM 3y6naToft ρβηκοή 3cejie3HojļopoxHOM nyra, πρΗΗβΜ 3y6naTaa peitea βχοαητ b npoMejKyroHHoe npocTpaHCTBo h pacnonaraioTca Meaoiy hbjmh pacnojiaraiomHMHca jnpyr nporoe npyra creHKaMH 17 h 18, Koma H3o6paaceHHbiH noe3n yciaHaBjiHBaerca Ha xejie3HOflopOHCHbiH nyn>. BepxHaa cropoHa Kaxifloft TejieacKH 6, 7 ocHaineHa Bpamaromeftca ^πφοίί 19 (φκτ. 1), Koropaa HeoTbeMJieMO BCTaBJieHa b OTBepcme 20 (φΗΓ. 2) cooTBeTCTBjromeH ιυ^τφορΜΜ 9 hjih 11. flpjTHe nonpOČHOCTH nOHCHHIOTCH n03flHee C nOMOIHblO φΗΓ. 16 h 17. JļBjococTHaH TenejKKa 5, KOTopaa aBJiaeTca χολοβοΙϊ nacrbio 6e3 npHBOfla, Bbmojmem Ha cboch hfdkhch cropoHe b cootbctctbhh c φΗΓ. 3 Taκχβ, KaK η τ&τβχκκ 6 h 7. OHa cooTBCTCTBeHHo tohho Taioce HMeer nofloraaHHbie no φορΜβ onopHbie fleTajra 14, b κοτορωχ ycraHOBJieHbi ocHaineHHbie KOJiecaMH 16 KonecHbie och 15. KpoMe τογο, Ha HHJKHefi cTopoHe npe,nycMOTpeHbi BHOBb pacnojiarajouiHeca napaMH jipyr nporae Hpyra HanpaBJiaroinHe creHKH 21 h 22. Ha ΒβρχΗβΗ cropoHe TeJieJKKa 5 ocHameHa HacaaceHHbiM ποΒοροτΗΜΜ cnenHbiM xoMyroM 23 hjih 24, κοτορΜΗ mohcct noBopaHHBaTbca BOKpyr 6οκοβοη ^ηφω 25. CnenHbie xoMyTbi 23 h 24 npejiycMOTpeHbi iUia τογο, hto6m BocnpHHHMaTb c bo3moacHocTbio pacnenjieHHa coorBeTCTByioinne cnenHbie aaeMeHTbi Ha conpjDKeHHHbix KOHiļax ImaτφopM 10 hjih 11. 3to cnenHoe ycrpoHCTBo noacHHCTCH no3flHee c noMonibio φΗΓ. 12-15 h 19-21. Ha CBoen BepxHeft CTopoHe TejieacKa 5 ocHameHa KpoMe τογο HecKojibKHMH cnenHbiMH ΗΕπφΕΜΗ 12, Koropbie KaK h Ha ιυίΕτφορΜβχ 9, 10 h 11, no3BOJiaior ocymecTBJiarb ycīaHOBKy TaKHX KOHCTpyKTHBHbIX ΟΠβΜβΗΤΟΒ, KaK OČHIHBKa.
TenejKKa 4, hto KacaeTca ee HHacHen cropoHbi (φκΓ.3), BbinonHeHa b npHHUHne TaKoii xe, KaK h Tejieaoca 5 h HMeer cooTBeTCTBeHHo TaKHe xce 3aaonMHbie HaKJiaflKH 14, KonecHbie och 15, KOJieca 16 h HanpaBJiaroinHe CTeHKH 21 hjih 22. OflHaKO TaK KaK TejieacKa 4 aBJiaeTca npHBO/moH TejieacKoft, m ee ΒβρχΗβΗ CTopoHe (φΗΓ. 1, 2) b BepTHKajībHOM ποποΗίβΗΗΗ 3aKperoieH b ochobhom UHJiHHflpHHecKHH aneicrpoflBHraTenb 26. SjieicrpoflBHraTejib 26 HMeeT TaK>Ke BepTHKanbHyio npnBOflHyio ocb 27 (φΗΓ. 3), Ha κοτοροΗ HMeeTca 3y6naToe Koneco 28. 3y6naToe Koneco 28 HaxoflHTca coo6pa3HO c δ 3ΤΗΜ Ha ΗΗΧΗβίί CTOpOHe T8JieXKH 4 B 30Ηβ HanpaBJI5IIOIII8H CTeHKH 22, ΠρΗΗβΜ ee OCb 27 CMemeHa b οτοροΗγ οτ npoflOJibHOH och εΗΜΜετρΗΗ τεηεχκΗ 4. Kas 3aTeM 6yneT noacHeHO, npHBOAHMoe b fleftcTBHe aneKTpoABHraTejieM 26, npeflnoMTHTejibHo qepe3 ycTaHOBJieHHyio b arceKTpoABHraTejie nepe,aaqy, 3ydqaToe Koaeco 28 npeflHa3Ha4eH0 jyia τογο, mo6bi BxoA«Tb b 3aueiuieHHe c 3yčqaTbiM b8hhom HMeramefl 3y6ba c οδεπχ CTopoH 3y6qaioā ρεήκπ, Koropaa pacnonoxeHa b cepe^nHe Ha xejre3HOAopoxHOM nyro, qro6bi TeJiesaca 4 h TeM caMbiM Becb noe3A, npejļCTaBJieHHbiH Ha φΗΓ. 1-3, πρπ B036yxs8HHH ajieicrpoflBHraTejiH 26 coBepmaji nociynaTenbHoe ΑΒκχεΗκε BAOJib xene3HOAopoxHoro nym. riHTaHHe 3JieKTpoflBHraTeJiH 26 ocymecTBJweTCH qepe3 BbinojiHeHHbift b BHfle )ΉΗφΗΙ1ΗρθΒ3ΗΗΟΓΟ y3Jia ΙΙΓΓβΚερ 29 (φΗΓ. 1) H KaČCJIb ĪIHTaHHH 30 C nOMOIUblO pacnojioxeHHoro Ha tojiobhom BaroHe 1 Hin,HKa c čaTapesiMH 31. Hjih ynpaBJi8HHH aneicrpoABHraTeJieM 26 β τεπεχκε 4 b6jih3h hhxh8h ετοροΗΜ ajieKTponBHraTejifl 26 pacnojioxeH ncwi3yH 32. nan3yH 32 ocHaiiieH κομμ^αηοηηβιμη KOHTaKTaMH η Μοχετ 6biTb Η3 noKa3aHHoro Ha ηερτεχε πουιοχεΗΗΗ ”BbiKJi.” (aneKrpoflBHraTejib oncnioMeH οτ SaTapen) nyTeM ηβχβτηη b oahom hjih flpyroM ποπερεπΗΟΜ HanpaBJieHHH βιοηοηθη b cxeMy npHMoro hjih o6paTHoro ΑΒΗχεΗΗΗ τβπεχκΗ 4 hjih no83Aa. IlaJi3yH 32 HecKOJibKO BbiciynaeT c6oKy 3a TenexKy 4 η ΗΜεετ Ha κοηηβχ CKoiiieHHbie ποΒερχΗοείΗ. 3το πο3Βοππετ ycTaHaBJiHBaTb Ha xejie3Ho,n;opoxHOM nyra Τ3κκε opraHbi ynpaBJioHHH, KaK ΙΙΠΉφπ>Ι Η HM n0fl06HbI8, KOTOpbte B03fl8HCTByi0T ΙφΗ ΠρΟΧΟΧΗεΗΗΗ noe3fla Ha nQJT3yH 32 η τεΜ caMbiM Bbi3biBaioT ocraHOBKy hjih Η3ΜεΗβΗΗε HanpaBJieHHH abhx8hhh noe3fla. Heo6xoflHMO TaKxe co3HaBaTb, hto bo3moxho npeflycMaTpHBaTb TaKxe AHCTaHUHOHHoe ynpaBJieHHe, HanpHMep, flHCTaHUHOHHoe ynpaBJieHHe c noMombio ΗΗφρ3κρ3εΗΜΧ Jiyqeft, ητο6μ ynpaBJiHTb 3πεκτροΑΒΗΓ3τειιεΜ 26 HenpepbiBHO h OTHocHrenbHO HanpaBJi8HHH BpaujeHHH. BaroHbi aamoro noe3fla, b qacrHocra, γοποβηοη BaroH 1 , ΗΜειοτ αοοτβτοηηο npocrpaHCTBa ajih ycraHOBKH H8o6xoahmbix npHeMHbix h KOMMyTaiiHOHHbix 3υιεΜεΗΤ0Β.
Kas h TenexKa 5, TejiexKa 4, Τ3κχε ocHauļeHa abj/mh ycraH0BJi8HHbiMH Ha 60K0BbIX Η3Πφ3Χ 25 CUenHbIMH XOMyTaMH 23 H 24, HTOdbl COeflHHHTb C B03M0XH0CTbK> pcuenneHHH TenexKy 4 c ιυΉτφορΜΟΗ 9 γοποβηογο BaroHa 1 hjih c ιυ^τφορΜΟΗ 10 προΜεχγτοΗΗΟΓΟ BaroHa 2. KpoMe τογο, aneicrpoflBHraTejib 26 TaKxe ocHaui8H HeCKOJIbKHMH C08AHHHTeJIbHbIMH Ι^ΠφΠΜΗ 12 JJflSl yCTaHOBKH οβίΗΗΒΚΗ HJIH είί nOflOČHOH.
HrpyiueqHaa xejie3Han Aopora β εοοτΒβτετΒΗΗ c Η3οβρετεΗΗεΜ Βίοηοηβετ Τ3κχε XeJI83HOAOpOXHbI Η Π/Π» C 3y6qaTbIM OpraHOM, C KOTOpbIM HaXOflHTCH B 3aiI8IUI8HHH 3y6qaToe κοπεεο 3JieKTpoABHraTejiH τηγοβοη ποαβηχηοη eflHHHiļbi. Ha φΗΓ. 4-8 npeflcraBJi8Hbi np8flnoqTnrrejibHbi8 npHMepbi HcnojmeHHH npHMbix h H3orHyn>ix yqacTKOB XeJI83HOAOpOXHOrO nyTH. LV 10588
CaMO co6oh pa3yMeeTca, hto npjiMofi ynacTOK xejie3HojiopoacHoro nyra, BHjļ b nepcneKTHBe κοτοροΓο npeacTaBJieH Ha φΗΓ. 4 h bhjī CHray Ha φΗΓ. 5, Μοχβτ HMerb jno6yio, oflHaKo npennoHTHrejibHO CTannapTHyio jyiHHy. YHacTOK xeJie3HOflopoxHoro nyra HMeeT nee πκιακηχ χοαοβμχ noBepxHocro 41 h 42, κοτορκε pa3fleJieHbi b npojļonbHOM HanpaBJieHHH yHacnca xene3HojļopoxcHoro nyra pacnojioaceHHOH b cepejjHHe c B03BbiiucHHCM 3y6HaTOH peHKOH 43. 3y6HaTaa peiiKa 43 HMeeT c o6enx cTopoH no oflHOMy pjjfly 3y6bee 44 hjih 45, KOTopbie nepneHjļHKyiwpHbi xoflOBbiM noBepxHocrsM 41 h 42. flra coejļHHeHHH aroro ynacTKa xene3HOflopoxHoro nyra c 3pyrnMH coceflHHMH yqacTKaMH xene3HOflopoxHoro nyra 3T0T ynacTOK HMeeT Ha cbohx KOHiļeBbix 30Hax no flBe BbinojiHeHHbix b 6okobbix yniy6jieHHax coe^HHHTejibHbix ι^πφΜ 46. CoeflHHHrejibHaa Haioia^Ka 47, caacaeMaa Ha coeflHHHTenbHbie ΐ13πφΜ 48 očpaTHaa cTopoHa κοτοροΗ npeflCTaBJieHa Ha φΗΓ. 8, ocHameHa 3axHMHbiMH uar^aMH 48, TaK, hto KaK noKa3aHO Ha φΗΓ. 8, cooTBercTBeHHO nerape coej[HHHTejībHbix ι^πφω 46 flByx npHJieraiomHx npyr κ apyry TopueBbiMH cropOHaMH ynacTKOB Hcejie3Ho,ņopoHCHoro nyra COeflHHHIOTCH flpyr C flpjTOM C nOMOIIibK) COeflHHHTeJTbHOH HaKJiaflKH 47. H3 φΗΓ. 5 BHflHO, HTO HHJKHHfl CTOpOHa yHaCTKa Χ6Πβ3Η0Α0ρ02ΚΗ0Γ0 Π)ΤΉ Β cooTBeTCTBHH c φπΓ. 4 o6pa3yeT ycHJieHHoe pacnopKaMH 49 nonoe npocTpaHCTBO. KpoMe Toro, Ha KaagjoM Komie ynacTKa Hcejie3HOflopoHCHoro nyra BbinajiHeHO Kopo6oo6pa3Hoe nonoe npocTpaHCTBO 50. 3to npocTpaHCTBO npeflHa3HaHeHO jyia τογο, htočm mojkho 6bmo Haca^KHBaTb ynacTOK xene3HOitopoxHoro nym Ha ruiHTy ocHOBaHHH hjih MOHTa>KHyK> ruiHTy, KOTopaa ocHameHa pacnojioaceHHHbiMH Ha onpenejieHHOM ynajieHHH Jipyr OT 3pyra COeflHHHTeJIbHbIMH ΗΒΠφαΜΗ.
KpoMe τογο, H3 φΗΓ. 4 bhjiho, hto o6e TopueBbie CTopoHbi npHMoro yHacTKa jKejie3HOflopoxcHoro nym ocHameHbi cooTBeTCTBeHHO BbicrynoM 51 h cooTBeTCTBjaouļHM yrjiy6jieHHeM 52. 3Ta kohctpjtchhh TopneBbix CTopoH cnoco6cTByeT, BO-nepBbix, φηκοΗροΒ3ΗΗΐο flByx pacnouioxeHHbix paflOM npyr c npyroM b pjm ynacTKOB xejie3HOflopoxHoro nym b hx nonepeHHOM HanpaBJieHHH, TaK, hto iuiaHKH 47 (φητ. 8) HarpyxeHbi TOJibKO Ha pacraxeHHe. K TOMy »ce oflHaKo Bbiciynbi 51 h yrny6jieHHH 52 npenycMOTpeHbi h b KanecTBe KoaHpyiouiHX aneMemoB, ητο6η npenoTBpaTHTb pacnonoHceHHe b psm h coeflHHeHne onpenejieHHbix, He ποιϊχοαηιιιηχ apyr κ flpyry ynacTKOB xejie3HOAOpo>KHoro nyTH, hto 6y.neT noacHeHo HHxe.
Ha φΗΓ. 6 npencTaBJieH bha ceepxy H3orHyroro yHacTKa xene3HOflopojKHoro nyro, npocmpaiomeroca no jtjioboh 30He b 90°, Koropbift BHOBb HMeeT flBe raaflKHX xoflOBbix noBepxHOCTH 53 h 54, κοτορωβ pa3nejieHbi προχοβΗΐιΐΗΜ b cepeflHHe, H3orayTbiM 3y6Han>iM pejibcoM 55, KoropbiH no 6oxaM HMeeT 3y6naTbie ceieropa 56 h 57. KpoMe τογο, 3tot H3omyTbiH yHacTOK >Kejie3HonopoxHoro nyra b cbohx KOHueBbix 30Hax TaioKe ocHameH čokobhmh coenHHHTejibHbiMH ΗΒπφ3ΜΗ 46, a Taoie pacnonoHceHHbiMH 10
Ha TopueBbix cTopoHax BbicTynaMH 51 h yrny6neHHBMH 52. KaK βηαηο, H3 φ«Γ. 7, ΗΗΧΗΗΗ CTOpOHa Η30ΓΗ)0ΌΓ0 yHaCTKa JKene3HOflOpO)KHOrO nyra B COOTBCTCTBHH C φΗΓ. 6 Taiace BbinojiHeHa no aHanomn c HHJKHen CTopoHofi npaMoro ynacTKa JKeJie3HOAOpOXHOrO nyra B COOTBeTCTBHH C φΗΓ. 4 H 5 Η HMeeT, B naCTHOCTH, B KOHliCBbIX 30Hax Kopočoočpa3Hoe nojioe npocTpaHCTBO 50 ajih HacaacHBaHHa yMacTKa xene3HOAopo>KHoro nyra Ha coejļHHHTejibHbie ι^ηφω ocHOBaHua. B 3T0H CBH3H Heo6xOflHMO 3aMeTHTb, HTO CaMO C060H pa3yMeeTCH HeB03M0JKH0 pacnajio;aorrb ynacTOK KpyroBoft κρκΒοζ b npHMoyrouibHOM, b nacTHOCTH, b KBajjparaoM pacrpe, tbkhm o6pa30M KOHenHbie tohkh ynacTKa KpyroBOH κρΗΒΟΗ tohho coBnajm c τοηκβμη pacTpa, TaK KaK b stom cnyHae ynacTOK kpjtoboh κρΗΒοή 3aHHMan 6bi 30Hy CBbiine 90°. Htočh HecMOTpa Ha sto tohho coBMecTHTb kohiibi H3orHyrbix ynacTKOB jKejie3Ho,nopojKHoro nyrH c TOHKaMH pacTpa roimbi οοηοββηηη hjih c pacnouioxeHHbiMH b 3ΤΗΧ ΤΟΗΚΒΧ pacTpa COeflHHHTeJIbHblMH Η3Πφ3ΜΗ, HTOČbl MOJKHO 6bU10 yCTaHaBJ!HBaTb H3orayTbie yHacTKH acejie3HOii;opo}KHoro nyTH Ha iunny οοηοββηηη 6e3 npHHynHTejibHoro HaxHMa, yxe 6bino npeflīioaceHO coSnpaTb Ka»mbiH H3omyTbiH yHacTOK xcejie3Ho^opoacHoro nyro H3 6onee κοροτκοΓΟ npaMoro ynacTKa h 6onee λπηηηογο Hyroo6pa3Horo ynacTKa (cpaBHii: narem IIlBeniļapnH... naTeHTHaa 3a«BKa N° 7981/86). B H3orHyTOM yHacTKe xejie3HoaopoacHoro nyTH b cooTBercrBHH c φΗΓ. 6 Hcnojib30BaHo 3το τεχΗΗΗβοκοε pemeroie. npencraBJieHHbiH Ha φΗΓ. 6 yHacroK «ejie3HOflopoxHoro nyra, 33ηημ3κ>ιιγηη ayroo6pa3Hyio 30Hy b 90° Heo6xonHMO paccMaipHBaTb kbk c6opKy H3 aeyx yHacTKOB acejie3HOflopoJKHoro nyra, flyroo6pa3Hbie 30Hbi no 45° KajKHbiā, Koropbie pa3flejiem>i bhojib npoxonameH nojļ ymoM 45° paflHaJībHon jihhhh 58. KaacHbiĀ 33ηημ3ϊοιηηη nyroo6pa3Hyio 30Hy b 45° ynacTOK »iene3Hojiopo5KHoro nym cočHpaeTca coo6pa3HO c sthm H3 nyroo6pa3Horo yHaciKa 59 hjih 60 h 3HaHHTejibHo 6onee κοροτκοΓΟ npaMoro yHacTKa 61 hjih 62. Ha φΗΓ. 6 HaHeceH TaioKe BHyrpeHHHH h Hapy>KHbiH paflHycbi xcene3HOflopojKHoro nyrH, a Taicace cpeflHHH paflHyc 3y6naToro pejibca 55 nyroo6pa3Hbix ynacTKOB 59 h 60 ynacTKa xcejie3HOflopo3KHoro nyra, κοτορωε ece hcxohht H3 cMemeHHoro uempa. ΒΜβετο uejibHoro ynacTKa χεπε3Ηθ,αοροχΗθΓθ nyTH, 3aHHMaiomero jtjiobjto 30Hy b 90°, b οοοτΒβτετΒΗΗ c φΗΓ. 6 Moryr npenycMaTpHBaTbca h Hcnojīb30BaTbca ecTecTBeHHO h ynacTKH xejie3HOflopojKHoro nyrH, 3aHHMaroniHe yniOBbie 30Hbi no 45°, KOTopbie, KaK 6bino ynoMHHyro nojiyHaioTCH H3 3aHHMaioinero yrnoByio 30Hy b 90° yHacTKa xejie3Ho.nopo>KHoro nyra b cootbctctbhh c φΗΓ. 6 nyreM pa3fleneHHii Bflonb paflHanbHOH jihhhh 58. CaMO co6oh pa3yMeerca, hto 06a KOHija τβκηχ yqacTKOB HCeJie3HOHOpOXHOrO nyTH, 33ΗΗΜ3Κ)ΙΙΙΗΧ yrJIOBbie 30HbI ΠΟ 45°, flOJDKHbl 6blTb OCHaiIieHbl COeflHHHTeJIbHblMH Β(3Πφ3ΜΗ 46 JUM COeflHHeHHB C COCeflHHM npflMbIM HJIH H30rHyTbIM ynacTKOM xejie3HojļopoxHoro nyni. TaK KaK o6pa3yiomHeca b pe3yjibTaTe TaKoro LV 10588 pa3flejieHHH yHacTKH xejie3HonopoxHoro nym, 3aHHMaioiiiHe ynioBtie 30hw no 45°, T.e. ynacTOK 3Kejie3HOflopojKHoro nym c yHacTKaMH 59 h 61, a TaioKe yqacTOK jKejie3HOflopo>KHoro nyTH c ynacTKaMH 60 h 62 He HfleHTHHHbi, Ha nx KOHiļax yr.noBt.ix 30H b 45° npettycMOTpeHO apyroe KojļHpoBaHne c πομοιημο BbiciynoB n ymy6neHHH, KaK sro o6o3HaneHO Ha φΗΓ. 6 no pa^HanbHofl jihhhh 58.
He noKa3aHbi Ha Hepreace ocHameHHbie 3y6qaTbiM penbcoM yHacTKH xejie3HOūopo>KHoro nyra, κοτορωβ πρηγοαημ fljia o6pa30BaHiw xene3HOflopo}KHoro nyra c yicnoHaMH h nojrbeMaMH. B otom οτηοπιθημη η b οτΗοπιβΗΗΗ Heo6xoflHMbix pa3MepoB o6mnx a<ejie3HOflopoJKHbix nyreH, Koropbie flojDKHbi Hcnonb30BaTbca coBMecTHo c pacrpoM ruiHTbi ocHOBaHHH, flejiaerca ccbuiKa Ha BbimeynoMHHyTbiH naTetrr UlBeHuapHH.
Ha φΗΓ. 9-11 eme pa3 npejjcTaBJieH bhh cHH3y TejieaceK 4 h 5 h TeneaacH 7 b cooTBeTCTBHH c φΗΓ. 3, oflHaKO b yBejiHHeHHOM Macurrače h c H3o6paxeHHeM 3y6naTOH peftKH 43 npHMoro ynacTKa xcene3HOjļopoacHoro nyra b coorBercTBHH c φΗΓ. 4. Βηληο, mto HanpaBJiatoinne creHKH 21 h 22 TejieaceK 4 h 5 hjih HanpaBJiaioiiiHe CTeHKH 17 H 18 TejieacKH 7 pacnonoaceHHbi Bnojib 3y6HaToft peŽKH 43. KpoMe τογο, H3 φκτ. 9 bhhho, KaKHM o6pa30M 3y6naToe KOJieco 28 sJieKTpoflBHraTejia βχοαητ b 3anemieHHe c oahoh cTopoHbi c 3y6naTOH ρβκκοή 43. Co3,o;aHHoe b pe3ym>TaTe θτογο nonepeHHoe ycnriHe BocnpHHHMaeTca HanpaBJiaioiimMH cTeHKaMH 21.
OnHcaHHaa yxe c noMombio φκτ. 1-3 xoaoBaa nacTb 5 npeflCTaBJieHa b nepcneKTHBe Ha φΗΓ. 12. Ha φΗΓ. 13 npeflcraBJieH bha b nepcneKTHBe, Ha φΗΓ. 14 ropH30HTanbHaa προεκιΐΗΗ h Ha φΗΓ. 15 pa3pe3 OTHOcameroca κ 3T0My y3Jiy cnenHoro xoMyra 23. CuenHoft xoMyr 23 HMeeT aea oTorayTbix ruiena 65, kohhm KOTopbix ocHaineHbi 3aacHMHbiMH imiHnaMH 66. C noMoiiļbio 3axHMHoro īrniHiia 66 Kaagļoe nneno 65 cnenHoro xoMyra 23 mojkct 6brn> ycTaHoaneHo Ha ι^πφε 25, BbinojiHeHHOH c6oKy Ha TeneacKe 5, KaK sto noKa3aHO Ha φΗΓ. 1. B cpejiHeH nacro 67 ciļenHoft xoMyT 23 HMeeT npope3b 68, npnneM bo BHyrpeHHeH nacra npope3H 68 npet(ycMOTpeHbi ΒβρχΗΗΗ h ηηχηηη CTeHKH npope3H h HeSojibuiHM na3oo6pa3HbiM yrjiy6neHHeM 69.
Tlpope3b 68 cnenHoro xoMyra 23 npeflHa3HaneHa tmn BocnpHHTHn cooTBeTCTBjnoinero BbicTyna cnenHoro ycTpoHcraa, Koropbie pacnonoaceHbi Ha KOHu;ax ΠΛΒτφορΜ 9, 10, h 11. Ha φΗΓ. 18-21 npencTasneHa ηπ3τφορΜ3 10 npoMexcyroHHoro BaroHa 2 (φΗΓ. 1) c nacTHHHbiM Bbipe30M, oflHaKO b jreejiHHeHHOM Macurraāe. Kaacflaa TopueBaa cropoHa ηπ^τφορΜΗ 10 ocHaineHa οφορΜΗροΒ3ΗΗΜΜ BbicTynoM 70 hjih 71. KpoMe τογο, Ha Hapy>KHbix KOHuax o6a BbicTyna 70, 71 ημθιοτ cooTBeTCTBeHHO no oflHOMy BepxHeMy h HHXHeMy φHκcaτopHOMy Γρκδκγ 72. Πρπ BcraBJieHHH BbicTyna 70 hjih 71 b npope3b 68 cnenHoro xoMyra 23 ( φΗΓ. 13-15) φπκοΒτορΗΗε ιρηβκΗ 72 pa3XHMaioT ΒερχΗίοιο h hhjkhioio creHKH npope3H npyr ot apyra h b na30o6pa3Hbie 12 yniy6jieHHH 69 (φΗΓ. 14, 15), TaK mto Bbicryn 70 hhh 71 npoMHO ynepKHBaeTca b npope3H 68, T.e. πτΜτφορΜα 10 conjieHeHa co cuenHbiM xoMyroM 23 h xeM caMbiM c TejiexKOH 5. Jļjia pacpenJieHHH πJIaτφopMa 10 npocro otboahtch ot ciļeiiHoro xoMyra 23. TaKaa xe kohctpjtchhh ciļenHoro ycTpoHCTBa HMeeTca h b npyrHX ciieriHbix xoMyrax 23, 24 h Ha ciļenji5ieMbix KOHiļax πΐΉτφορΜ 9, 10, 11 b cooTBeTCTBHH c φΗΓ.1. H3 φΗΓ. 18-21 CJie,uyeT, to Bbiciyn 70 Ha o^hom KOHue roIaτφopMbI 10 προΜεχγτοΗΗοή ιυΐΒτφορΜΗ 2 HMeeT flpyryio φορι^ nonepeHHoro ceneHHa, neM BbiCTyn 71 Ha apyroM κοΗΐι,ε ιυΐΒτφορΜΗ 10. Bbiciyn 70 (φΗΓ. 20) HMeeT npHMoyronbHoe nonepeHHoe ceHeroie, b to BpeMH Kax φopMa nonepeHHoro ceneHHa Bbiciyna 71 ( φΗΓ. 21) nofloOHa φορΜε nonepeHHoro ceneHna poMČa. Bbicryn 70 (npaMoyronbHHK) Bbi3bmaeT b npope3H 68 cpeimoro xoMyTa 23, 24 acecrKoe orHocHTejibHo HanpaBJieHHH noBopoTa BOKpyr npoflOJibHoft och ΓυκιτφορΜΜ 10 coeflHHeHHe, TaK Kax Bbicryn 70 npHiieraeT κ ΒερχΗβή h HHJKHeft creHKaM npope3H 68. HanpoTHB, Bbicryn 71 (poM6) flonycKaer b npope3H 68 He3HaHHTeabHbie B03BpaTHo-nocrynaTejibHbie KOJiečaHHa. Ecjih ecē BaroHbi 1-3 b cooTBeTCTBHH c φΗΓ. 1 c noMoiiņ>io τεπεχεκ 4 h 5 acecnco coHJieHeHbi b cooTBeTCTBHH c φΗΓ. 1 c noMouļbio τεπεχβκ 4 u 5 coHJieHeHbi b yKa3aHHOM HanpaBJieHHH noBopoTa Sjiaroflapa TOMy, hto Bce Bbicrynbi BbinanHeHbi tbkhmh xe, Kax h Bbicrryn 70 (φΗΓ. 20), το B03HHKaeT HenocTaTOK, 3amoHaioiiUīHca b tom, hto BaroHbi Ha onem» κργπ>ιχ 3aKpyrjieHH5ix nyTH, b HacTHocTH, Ha nojļbeMax, oipbiBaioTca ot xcejie3HOflopoxcHoro nyTH. Ecjih HanpoTHB npe,ūycMoipeHbi tojibko BbicTynbi, aHajioraHHbie BbicTyny 71 (φκΓ. 21), το πρκ jiio6oh cKopocrn MoxeT nojiyHaTbca HemiaBHbiH xo« BaroHa. TaKHM o6pa30M 6naronpHHTHbiM aBJiaeTca Hcnanb30BaHHe CMemaHHO o6ohx φορΜ BbiciynoB 70 h 71, hto bo3moxho 6e3 bchkhx npočJieM 6jiaroflapa TOMy, hto npope3b 68 cu,enHoro xoMyra 23 Μοχετ BoenpHHHMaTb o6a BbicTyna 70h71.
Ha φΗΓ. 12 npeACTaBJieHa He HMeiomaa npHBona TejieacKa 5. OuHaico c Heft 3a HCKJiioHeHHeM ycTaHOBJieHHoro sneKTpoflBHraTejia 26 (φΗΓ. 1) coBnanaeT npHBOflHaa TeJieXKā 4, TaK ΗΤΟ y ΙφΗΒΟβΗΟΗ TeJieXKH B CooTBeTCTBHH C φΗΓ. 1 KOHCTpyKHHa H pacnojioxeHHe cueimoro xoMyra 23, 24 Taioie xe, Kax h y χο^οβοη nacra 5.
B HacTHoera, oneBHAHoe H3 φΗΓ. 1 h 12-15 pacnonoxeHHe ciļeiraoro xoMyra 23, 24 Ha TeJiexxax 4, 5 npeflCTaBJiaeT cočoh κοΗοτργκιικιο HacToameH 3y6HaTOH xene3HOH HoporH b cooTBeTCTBHH c Η3θ6ρετβΗΗβΜ, KOTopaa aBJiaeTca ocočeHHo npennoHTHTejibHOH h no3BonaeT npoīcnanbiBaTb xene3HO,nopoxHbiH nyrb c HeoObiHHO KpyTbiMH no^beMaMH h yicjiOHaMH, a Taoce c oHeHb KpyrbiMH 3aKpyraeHHaMH nyTH, He Bbi3biBaa onacHOCTH, mto TaroBaa noflBHXHaa eflHHHiia h npHiieiuieHHbie κ Hefi flpyrae eummiļbi πολβηχηογο cocTaea 6ynyT oTpbiBaTbca ot xeJie3HOi(opoxHoro nyra η τβΜ caMbiM ”cxoflHTb c peJibcoB” hjih ”cBaaHBaTbca”. MeponpHaTHe b cooTBeTCTBHH c H30č>pereHHeM LV 10588 3aiuiKmeTCfl b tom, hto tohkh πριυιοχεΗΐω jjfin neperam* yciuiHH ot TejieaocH Ha cueruieHHHBiH c stoh TejieaocoH BaroH hjih Ha ee ΠIīaτφopMy, cjiy>Kamyio raaccH oflHHHiļbi πο^βηχηογο cocTaBa, npejiycMOTpeHbi Ha caMOH τετεχζκε b τεχ Mecrax, κοτορωε no MOHbUieH Μερε πρΗΜερΗο παπΗοεπ,ιο yn;oBJi8TBopjiiOT οπρεβεπεΗΗΗΒίΜ τρεδοΒαΗΜΜ b \·
ΟΤΗΟΗίεΗΗΗ >KeJI83HO,ElOpO>KHOrO nyTH HJIH TeJI8XKH. TaKHMH ΤρεδΟΒΒΗΗΒΜΗ HBJMIOTCH cji8AyioinH8: 1) yKa3aHHbIO TOHKH ΠρΚΠΟΧεΗΗΗ flOJKKHbl 6bITb pacnOJIO>K8HbI ΠΟ BbICOTe (b BOpTHKaJIbHOM HanpaBJIOHHH) OTHOCHTeJIbHO X8JI83HOflOpOXHOrO nyra ΠΟ B03M0JKH0CTH b6jih3H τεχ Μεετ, κοτορωε Ha >κεπε3Η0Α0ρ05ΚΗ0Μ nym η Ha τεηεχκε npHHHMaioT yHacTH8 b nopoflane ycHJiHH ajm προΑΒΗχεΗΗΗ τεπεχκκ η cuenrieHHbDi c ηοη BaroHOB. TaKHMH MCCTaMH C006pa3H0 C 3THM HBJIHIOTCH, C OflHOfi CTOpOHbl, Ha npHBOflHOH TeJie)KKe MecTa cueroieHHfl 3y64aToro KOJieca npHBOflHoro aneKrpoflBHraTejiH c 3y6bHMH 3y6HaToro opraHa, h, c apyroH ετοροΗΜ, Ha Βεεχ TejiexKax tohkh onopbi hx kojioc Ha maAKHX xo^oBbix ποΒερχΗοείΗΧ JKene3Hoaopo^cHoro nym Orciojļa BbrreKaeT nepeoe ποίίοχεΗΗε o tom, hto cnenHbio xoMyrbi 23, 24 flOJDKHbi uiapHHpHO cooflHHjrrbCH Ha TejioxKax 4, 5 HacTouibKO my6oKO, HacKcuibKo sto bo3mojkho, τ.ε. Ha ypoBHe 3y6naTOH ρεήκκ 43 (φΗΓ. 4), Η ΠΟ B03MOJKHOCTH B6JIH3H XOflOBbIX ΠΟΒερΧΗΟΟΤΟΗ 41, 42 (φΗΓ. 4). ΤΪ3 φΗΓ. 1 Η 12 αιείίγετ, ητο my6oKoe OTHOCHTeJIbHO xeno3HOflopOHCHoro nyTH παποχεΗΗε 6okobhx ΐ13πφ 25 τεπεχίεκ 4, 5 cooTBOTCTByoT 3T0My παποχεΗΗΐο. 2) YKa3aHHbIO TOHKH ΠρΗΠ03Κ8ΗΗΗ ΚρΟΜε ΤΟΓΟ AOJDKHbl 6bm> CMeHCHblMH, τ.ε. AOJKKHbl 6bITb pacnOJIOJKOHbl TBK 6j]H3KO, HaCKOJIbKO 3T0 KOHCTpyKTHBHO B03MOJKHO, K iuiockocth, KOTopaa nepnomHKjoiflpHa npoflOJibHOMy HanpaBJioHHio τοαοχκη η coflopjKHT ηεΗτρ τΗχεετΗ τεπεχκΗ. Y npoflCTaBJi8HHbix Ha φητ. 1 τεπεχεκ 4 η 5 sra ιυιοεκοσπ» pacnonoiK8Ha β εερε^ΗΗε τεπεχκκ ποπερεκ npoflOJibHoro HanpaBJieHHH npoACTaBJKHHoro no83fla. TaKHM o6pa30M, Gokobbio ι^πφΗ 25 τειιεχεκ 4 η 5 fliw cnonHbK xoMyroe 23 h 24 OH8Hb 6jih3ko k εερεηΗΗε τεπε?κεκ. CnonHbio xoMyrbi 23, 24 ΗΜειοτ, ποητη ΗεοβΗΗΗΟΓΟ BHfla, COOTBeTCTBOHHO ΛΠΗΗΗΜε H HaKJIOHeHHbie ιυιεππ 65 (φΗΓ. 15), ΤεΜ CaMbIM B COOTBOTCTBHH C φΗΓ. 1 B03M05KH0 CL(8nJI8HHe TejIOJKOK 4 Η 5 C ΠΠΒΤφθρΜ3ΜΗ 9, 10 hjih 10, 11 coceflHHX oahhhu no^BHJKHoro cocTaBa 1,2 hjih 2, 3 Ha KOHuax τεπεχεκ. ΒΒίποπΗεκε οδεκχ BbiuioynoMHHyTbix Tpo6oBaHHH c noMombio H3o6paxeHHoro Ha φΗΓ. 1 mapHHpHoro coejiHHeHHa εηεπΗΒΐχ xoMyroB 23, 24 Ha τεπεχκβχ 4, 5 cnoco6cTByeT TOMy, hto bco cHJībi, κοτορωε repoflafOTCH ,οτ τεπεχεκ 4, 5 Ha npHHOnJIOHHHblO ΐυίΗΤφορΜΗ 9, 10, 11 ΗΜειοτ OCHOBHyiO, CHJlbHO npoo6jiaflaK>myio cocTaBJiHK>myio, KOTopaa pacnono>K8Ha napanojibHo 5K8Ji83HOnopoxHOMy nym. nepneHjjHKyjisipHo κ Ηεκ, τ.ε., HanpaBJioHHaa Ββερχ cocTaBJunomaiī ckji 3HaHHTejibHo MOHblUO. 3TO 03Hana8T, HTO C03Aa8TCH JIHUIb npOHOāpOJKHTeJIbHO MaJIblH MOMOHT, KOTopbiH cTpeMHTCB OTopBaTb τεπεχ<ΚΗ η τεΜ caMbiM cuenaeHHbie c hhm BaroHbi b 14 npouecce 3KcnnyaTauHH οτ >KeJie3HOflopo»CHoro nyTH nepneHjļHKyjwpHo BBepx OTHOcHTejiBHO xene3HoaopoiKHoro nyra. TaK KaK āoKOBbie 3y6qaTbie yqacTKH 44 hjih 45 (Φηγ. 4) hjih 56, 57 (φΗΓ. 6) npenirrcTByiOT Bbixony H3 aaueruieHHa npHBOjmoro 3yČ4aToro Koneca 28 (φΗΓ. 9), flaHHaa 3y64aTaa xene3Haa flopora HMeer oHeHb BbicoKyio yCTOHHHBOCTb, flOJKe eCJIH >KeJie3HOflOpO)KHbIH nyTb ΠρΟΠΟΧβΗ C KpyTbIMH nOflteMaMH h 3aKpyrjieHHHMH nyro 6e3 HajpiexamHX κοΗτρφοροοΒ (τ. e. ”cbo6ohho noflBemeHHbiM”). ripe^eJi nflbeMa b ochobhom flocraraercH jiHiiib Toma, Korfla Ha no^beMe npoxoflamaii nepe3 ueinp TaacecTH TeaejKKH BepTHKanbHaa imocKocrb nepeceKaer tohkh onopbi Ha I· aceJie3HOflopojKHOM nym Konec, pacncuioaceHHbix Ha cooTBeTCTBjromeii KonecHoft och. Y flaHHOH 3y6HaTOH xejie3HOH floponi sto cooTBeTCTByeT nojrbeMy xejie3HOflopo3KHoro nyro 3HaHHTejibHo Gojibuie, neM 100 %. KpoMe τογο, y flaHHoft 3y6qaTOH acene3HOH flopora yKa3aHHbie npeHMymecTBa cymecTByioT He3aBHCHMo οτ τογο, ΤΗΗβτ jih hjih TOJiKaeT τηγοβςιη noaBHJKHan eflHHHiia npynie npHueiuieHHbie eflHHHiļbi πο^βηχηογο cocraBa.
Ha φ«Γ. 16 b nepcneKTHBe H3o6paxeHa TejieacKa 6 hjih 7 (φΗΓ. 1, 3); KpoMe τογο, Ha φΗΓ. 17 b nepcneKTHBe npeacTaBJieH noBoporabiH aneMeHT 19 λιιη οπορω TejieiKKH 6, 7 Ha ηιΐΒτφορι^ 9 h 11 (φΗΓ. 1, 3). ΠοΒοροτΗΜΗ aneMeHT 19 HMeer HHJiHHflpHHecKHH KOHueBOH aneMeHT 75, KoropbiH pacnojioaceH Ha onopHOM xoMyre 76. OnopHbiii xoMyr 76 HMeeT RBa. nnena 77, κοτορΜβ ocHameHbi 3aacHMHbiMH npope33MH 78. ΠπβΗΗ 77 BcraBJimoTca qepe3 mejieBbie OTBepcTHH 79 Teneanai 6, 7 h 3aTeM, KaK sro BHJIHO H3 φΗΓ. 3, 33ΗΗΜ3Κ>Τ0Η Ha ΚρβΠβΗίΗΗΧ ΠβρβΜΜΗΚβΧ 80 TeJiejKKH 6, 7. LiHJiHHflpHHecKHH KOHueBOH ajieMeHT 75 HMeeT KOHiteBoe jTOJimeHHe 81, κοτοροβ HBJiaeTCH ynpyrHM Gnaronapa TOMy, ητο κοηηθβοη aneMeHT 75 ocHameH abj/mh npoflojibHbiMH npope3HMH 82. ΠοΒοροτΗΜΗ aneMeHT 19 c nocaaceHHoā Ha Hero rejieacKOH 6, 7 Moacer coo6pa3HO c sthm npocrbiM o6pa30M BCTaBJiHTbcn b npeaycMOTpeHHoe b πηατφορΜε 9 hjih 11 OTBepcrHe 20 (φΗΓ. 2) c βο3μοχηοοπ>ιο pa3beflHHeHHH, ο^ηηκο caMOBbinaflaHHe HeB03M0JKH0.
Ha φκΓ. 22 npeflcraBJieHa ajībTepHaTHBHaa orHocHrejibHo Bapnamra HcnojiHeHHH b cooTBeTCTBHH c φκΓ. 9 ycTaHOBKa npHBOflHOH rejiejKKH 4. YcTaHOBKa TeneaacH h BocnpHHTHe oKa3biBaeMoro npHBOflHbiM 3y6qaTbiM KOJiecoM 28 Hepe3 3y6qaTyio peĪncy 43 flaBJieHHH ocymecTBJiHeTCH HByMH cboCoaho BpamaiomHMHca 3y6qaTbiMH KOJiecaMH 88. npH 3tom TpeHHe 3y6qaTOH peŽKH 43 Ha TeneacKe 4 HecKOJibKO MeHbine, neM npn npHneraHHH κ HanpaBJiHiomHM creHKaM 21 (φΗΓ. 9). OjmaKo HMeerca HeflocraTOK, 3aKJHOHaiOHiHHCH B TOM, HTO TCJie*Ka H3-3a pacnCMIOHCeHHbDC C flByX CTOpOH 3y6qaTbIX KOJiec 28 hjih 83 He mojkct 6ojibuie cboOohho ycTaHaBJiHBaTbca Ha xene3HOflopojKHbift nyrb. LV 10588
Ha φΗΓ. 1-3 npeflCTaaneH noe3.11, coctohihhh, HanpnMep, H3 HecKOJibKHX BaroHOB 1, 2, 3 Ποηβτηο, hto bo3moxchm Taoce flpyrae, npaKTHHecKH jno6bie κομποηοβκη TeneaceK 4, 5 c npHuenneHHbiMH BaroHaMH hjih πηητφορΜΕΜΗ npn Hcnonb30BaHHH KOHiļeBbix TeaeaceK 6, 7. B HacTHocm, τηγοβοη πο^βη*ήοη ejļHHHiļen Moacer 6brrb ejļHHCTBeHHblH MOTOpHblH BarOH, KOTOpbIH CO CCbUIKOH Ha φΗΓ. 1 COCTOfUI 6bl H3 npHBOflHoii TejieacKH 4 h npHuenjieHHHoro BaroHa 1 c TeJieacKOH 6, npHHeM 6bina 6bi ycTaHOBJieHa flpyraa očuiHBKa BaroHa (He noKa3aHo) η μογ 6m OTcyrcTBOBaTb ciļenHOH xoMyr 24 Ha Hapy2KHOM KOHiļe TeneaocH 4. flpjTOH BapHaHT HCnOJIHeHHfl ΤΒΓΟΒΟΗ nOflBtDKHOH eflHHHKbl B COOTBeTCTBHH C H3o6peireHHeM noacHaioTca c noMombio φΗΓ. 23-34. B COOTBeTCTBHH c φΗΓ. 23 npHMep HCnOJIHeHHH OTHOCHTCH K 3JieKTp0B03y, KOTOpbIH B ΚΒΗβΟΤΒβ BaXHMX KOHCTpyKTHBHbIX aneMeHTOB HMeer rmaτφopMy 85, co6paHHbiH Ha Heft H3 KOHcipyKTHBHbix aneMeHTOB Ky30B BaroHa 86, nee TeneacKH 87 h 88 h no oflHOMy coeflHHeHHOMy c TeneaocaMH 87, 88 cuenHoe ycTpoftcTBO 89, πρππεΜ ojļHa Teneaoca 87 aBJiaeTca npuBOflHOH, a npyraa TeneacKa 88 aBJiaeTca 6eryHKOBoft τεπβχκοκ. 3tot aneicrpoBOfl npeflHa3HaaeH b COOTBeTCTBHH c H3o6peTeHHeM wia acejie3HoaopoacHoro nyTH, κοτορΜΗ HMeeT majugoo xonoByio noBepxHocib 90 h pacnono>KeHHyio nocepeflHHe Ha xeJie3HOflopoxHOM nyra 3y6HaTyio peHKy 91 c 3y6bHMH c o6ohx cropoH, Koropbie rooOpaaceHbi Ha φΗΓ. 4, HanpHMep, b KanecTBe ynacTKa xejie3HOflopoxHoro nyra. npHMep HcnojmeHHa b COOTBeTCTBHH c φκΓ. 23 oTJiHHaeTca TeM, hto He tojimco Ky30B 86 ητοτφορΜΜ 85 co6paH H3 OTflejibHbix KOHCTpyKTHBHbix aneMeHTOB, ho hto h TejieaocH 87 h 88 o6pa30BaHbi nyreM nocamcH flpyr Ha npyra HecKOJibKHX KOHCipyKTHBHbix aneMeHTOB, KaK sto noacHaeTca ΗΗΧβ. Φηγ. 24 h 25 noKa3biBaioT bha c6oKy h jrcenHHeHHbiH MaciirraS o6ohx τεηβχεκ 87 h 88 b COOTBeTCTBHH c φΗΓ. 23, npHHeM b H3o6paaceHHH Ha φπΓ. 24 h 25 Ha BHjie c6oKy onymeHbi čoKOBbie 3auļHTHbie nnacTHHbi 92 h Koneca 96 (φΗΓ. 23). ripHBOjiHaa Teneaoca 87 co6HpaeTca b COOTBeTCTBHH c φκΓ. 24 H3 cneflyioiHHX KOHCTpyKTHBHbix aneMeHTOB: - HanpaBJiaiomero h 6a30Boro aneMema 93, κοτορΜΗ npocropaeTca no Bcefi nnHHe TeneacKH 87, η κοτορΜΗ BbinonHeH c obhoh cropoHbi b BHfle ocHOBaHHa flna c6opKH npyrHX KOHCTpyKTHBHbIX aneMeHTOB H C «pyroā CTOpOHbl B BHfle CKOJIb3aiIļerO HanpaBnaioinero aneMemra TeneaocH 67 Bflonb 3y6HaTož peftKH 91; - fleyx noca>KeHHbix Ha HanpaBnaiomHH KOHCTpjncraBHbiH aneMeHT 93 onopHbix roiHT 94, Koropbie hmciot OTBepcTHa nna ycraHOBKH no ojjhoh KonecHoft och 95, Ha κοτοροΗ pacnonoaceHbi nea 6eryHKOBbix Koneca 96 c raanKHMH noBepxHocTaMH KaTaHHa nna HaxonauiHXca no o6e cropOHbi ot 3y6naTOH peftKH 91 manKHX χοαοβμχ noBepxHocTefl 90 xene3HonopoxHoro nyTH; 16 - nocaxeHHoro Ha onopHbie iuiHTbi 94 npHBoaHoro jona 97, κοτορυκ HMeeT nee npoflOJibHbie anacTOHHaTbie qacm 98, jme Bbicnynaioiime 6oKOBbie lUīacrmraTbie nacra 99 ( Ha φΗΓ. 24 βηληβ ToribKO oflHa H3 ηηχ) h aneKTopjļBHrarejib 100, npHBo/maH ocb Koroporo ocHameHa yxe paHee ynoMHHyrbiM npHBOHHbiM 3y6HaTbiM KonecoM 28, KOTopaa HaxoflHTca b 3aueruieHHH c 3y6b«MH 3y6qaToft peftKH 91; - jo[Byx noaaepjKHBaioiHHX cko6 101, Koropbie HacaxeHbi Ha npHBOjmoH y3en 97 h HanpaBJiHioiHHH KOHcrpyKTHBHbiH aneMeHT 93 h TeM caMbiM HanpaBJiaiomHH KOHCTpyKTHBHbiH aneMeHT 93, onopHbie iuiHTbi 94 h npHBOflHOH y3en 97 yaepXHBaioTCfl BMecre b BHfle yHHφH^HpoBaHHOΓO y3Jia; - coeflHHHreJibHOH CKo6bi 102, Koropaa uiapHHpHO ycraHOBJieHa Ha HanpaBJMiomeM kohctpjocthbhom aneMeme 93 h npenycMorpeHa flnn τογο, MTo6bi coej(HHHTb TeaeacKy 87 c Βθ3ΜθΧΗοσπ>ιο noBopoTa c ΠΜτφορΜοή 85 H3o6paxeHHoro Ha φΗΓ. 23 aiieKTpoB03a; h - yxe ynoMflHyroro c noMoiiļbio φκτ. 23 cnenHoro ycipoHCTBa 89, κοτοροβ ·· cojiepjKHT Taicace ycraHOBJieHHbiH mapHHpHO Ha HanpaBJMiomeM kohctpjtcthbhom aiieMeHTe 93 cuenHoii TnroBbiH xoMyr 103 h κοτορωκ BbincuiHCH ņflsi τογο, ητο6η coejjHHHTb TeneacKy 87 h TeM caMbiM H3o6paaceHHbifl Ha φΗΓ. 23 aneicrpoB03 c flpyrofi eAHHHiieft πομβββκηογο cocraBa.
He HMeiomaa npHBOfla nenexKa 88 cočpaHa b cootbgtctbhh c φΗΓ.25 aHaaorHHHbiM očpa30M, KaK h npuBO^Han Teneaoea 87 b coorBercTBHH c φΗΓ. 24, a ΗΜβΗΗΟ, H3 cnej3yiomHX KOHCTpyKTHBHbix aneMeHTOB: - HanpaBJUnomero h 6a30Boro KOHcrpyicraBHoro aneMeirra 104, κοτορωκ BbinojiHHeT TaKHe xe MOHTaacHbie Φ^ήκηηη η Φ)ήκηηη cKOJib3amero HanpaBJieHHa, hto h cooTBercTByiomHH aneMeHT 93 b αοοτΒβτοτΒΗΗ c φΗΓ. 24; - flByx nocaa<eHHbix Ha HanpaanaromHH KOHCTpyKTHBHbiH aneMeHT 104 onopHbix IUIHT 94, KOTOpbie B COOTBeTCTBHH C HneHTHHHblMH OnOpHbIMH IIIlHTaMH 94 Ha φΗΓ. 24 npeflycMOTpeHbi λπη ycTaHOBKH 0CHameHHbix KonecaMH 96 KOJiecHbix ocež 95; - flByx nojmepaoiBaiouua cko6 105, Koropbie ynepxHBaioT BMecre HanpaBnaiomHH KOHCTpyKTHBHbift aneMeHT 104 h onopHbie nnHTbi 94; - HeHTpanbHaa iukbophh τεηβχκΗ 106, κοτορωκ nocaaceH Ha HanpaBJiHiomHH KOHCTpyKTHBHbiH aneMeHT 104 h mojkct 6bm> pacnonoaceH b πηΒτφορΜβ 85 (φΗΓ. 23) aneiapoB03a c B03M0XH0CTbK> noBopora; h - Taicoro xe cuenHoro ycrpoHCTBa 89 b cooTBeTCTBHH c φΗΓ. 24, κοτοροβ iuapHHpHo ycraHOBJieHo Ha KOHcrpyicraBHOM HanpaBJiaiomeM aneMeme 104 h BKJHOHaer TnroBbiH cnenHOH χομ/γ 103.
OrflejibHbie KOHcrpjncrHBHbie aneMeHTbi TejieaceK 87 h 88 aBCTByiOT donee οτΜετπΗΒο H3 φπΓ. 26, 27, mm φΗΓ. 28,29, a Taoce H3 φΗΓ. 30 - 34. LV 10588
Ha φΗΓ. 26 npe,acTaBJieH bha b nepcneKTHBe npHBOflHofi τ&βκκκη 87, βκιιιοηβη čoKOBbie 3auļHTHbie ruiacTHHbi 92 KOJiec (φΗΓ. 23). Ha φΗΓ, 27 npeflCTaBJieHbi b nepcneKTHBe oTflejibHbie KOHCTpyKTHBHbie aneMeHTbi b pa3o6paHHOM BHfle, npHHeM OflHaKo onymeHbi KOJieca 96 (φΗΓ. 26) h hx KOJiecHbie och.
KaK yxce 6buio ynoMHHyro c noMotuļbio φΗΓ. 24, TenexKa 87 HMeeT yfl/iHHeHHbiH HanpaBJIHIOmHH H 6a30BbIH KOHCTpyKTHBHbIH SJieMeHT 93, KOTOpbIH Ha ΒβρΧΗβίί CTOpOHe ocHameH onpejļejieHHbiM KOJinnecTBOM coeflHHHTejibHbix ΗΒπφ 12, OTHOcaiuHXca κ CHCTeMe flaHHbix KOHCTpyKTHBHbix aneMeHTOB. Ha ΗΗΧΗβδ οτοροΗβ HanpaBJūnoiijHH KOHCTpyKTHBHbIH 3JieMeHT 93 HMeeT B COOTBeTCTBHH C φΗΓ. 30 ΟφορΜΗρΟΒΒΗΗΜβ, pacnojiojKeHHbie flpyr προτΗΒ flpyra cK0Jib3$uiiHe HanpaBJunonme creHKH 107 h 108, npoMe)KyTOHHoe npocTpaHCTBo 109 κοτορΜΧ npeflHa3HaHeH0 jm pacnoJioaceHH» 3y64aTOH peifon 91 (φΗΓ. 23, 24), KaK θτο yxe 6bino onacaHO c noMombio npHMepa HcncuiHeHHa Ha φ«Γ. 1-3. HanpaBjraiomHH KOHCTpyKTHBHbiH aaeMeHT 93 ocHameH Ha npojļOJibHOH οτοροΗβ yrJiy6jieHHeM 110, κοτοροβ npeflHa3HaHeHO fljia pa3MemeHHH npHBOflHoro 3y6HaToro KOJieca 28 (φκΓ. 24). 06e npoflOJibHbie cropoHbi ocHaiiļeHbi KpOMe τογο HeTbipbMH KajKflaa onpHbiMH ι^πφΒΜΗ 111a, 111b, 111c h llld, a Taoce flByMH BbmOJIHeHHblMH B BHfle οφορΜΗροΒΒΗΗΗΧ BbiciynoB ynopaMH 112.
KaK noKa3aHO Ha φΗΓ. 24 κ HanpaBJi5uomeMy KOHcrpyicraBHOMy 3neMeHry 93 uiapHHpHO npncoeflHHeHa coeflHHHTejibHaa CKo6a 102, a Taoce τηγοβηη cnenHOii xoMyr 103 cueiiHoro ycrpoiicTBa 89. Jļra stoto coeflHHHTejibHaa cKoča 102 HMeer flBa roiena 113, Ha KOHijax κοτορωχ npeflycMOTpeHa φπκοΗρ^ιιΐίΐΒ npope3b 114 TaKHM o6pa30M, hto iuieHH 113 HacaaceHbi Ha BHyrpeHHHe onopHbie ΗΒπφΜ 111c. B paMHofi Maora coeflHHHTejibHofl CKoGbi 102 HMeeTca mejieeoe orBepcrae 115, b κοτοροΜ BbinojiHeHa Η3πφ3 116. KaK 6onee noflpoČHo noacHaeTca c πομοιηβιο φΗΓ. 34, coeflHHHTenbHaa CKo6a 102 npeflHa3HaneHa jūra coeflHHeHHH c βο3μο>κηοοή>κ) noBopora TejieJKKH 87 c Γυΐ3ΤφθρΜΟΗ 85 JIOKOMOTHBa B COOTBeTCTBHH C φΗΓ. 23. Βθ3Μ03ΚΗΟβ ΠΟΒΟρΟΤΗΟβ flBHHceHHe b HanpaBJieHHH no BbicoTe coeflHHHTejibHOH CKo6bi 102 orpaHHHeHo CHH3y Gnaroflapa TOMy, hto ee iuieno 113 HaTajiKHBaeTca Ha coceflHHe Bbicrynbi 112 HanpaBJiaioiflero aneMeHTa 93 (φΗΓ. 24).
TaroBbiH cuenHOH xoMyr 103 cnenHoro ycTpoHCTBa 89 BbinoflHeH no aHajioraH c coeflHHHTejibHOH ckoGoh 102 h TaKxe HMeeT flBa ruiena 117 h 118, Ha KOHneBbix 30Hax KOTopbix npeflycMOTpeHO no oflHOMy οτΒβρσπηο 119. TaKHM o6pa30M, τηγοβοζ cnenHofi xoMyr 103, KaK βηαηο H3 φΗΓ. 24, Μοχετ 6brrb HacaxeH Ha BHeuiHHe onopHbie ι^φω 111a, npHHeM B03MO>KHoe noeopoTHoe flBHHceHHe b HanpaBJieHHH no BbicoTe coeflHHHTejibHOH CKo6bi 103 orpaHHHeHo cHH3y Gjiaroflapa TOMy, hto ynjiHHeHHH 120 njien 117, 118 HaTajiKHBaeTca Ha coceflHHe BbicTynbi 112 HanpaBJunoiflero KOHCTpyKTHBHoro ajieMeHTa 93 (φΗΓ. 24). 18
PaMHaa aacrb τβγοβογο cneriHoro xoMyra 103 Taxxe HMeer meueo6pa3Hoe OTBepcrHe 121, b κοτοροΜ BbinojmeHa pancka 122. OTBepcrae 121 η Εθπφ3 122 npejiHa3Ha4eHbi jyia BocnpHHTHa cthxhoh HaKJiajncH 123 flpyroft HByiuieMeBOH ckoOu 124, o6a rniena 125 κοτοροκ HMeior no OflHOMy OTBepcTHio 126. JļepxaTenb MaraHTa 127, KoropbiH oxBaTbiBaeT ποοτοηηημη μβγηητ 128, ocHameH jmyMa onopHbiMH υ,3πφ3ΜΜ 129, KOTopbre conpararorca c OTBepcrraaMH 126. ΠοοτοΜγ b co6paHHOM coctohhhh (φηΓ. 24) nepxaTenb Mamma 127 Μοχετ noBopamīBaTbCH Mex«y imenaMH 125 cko6w 124. noaroMy H3BecrHbiM o6pa30M nocroamībie MaraHTbi 128 οληοίήπημχ cuenHbix ycrpoHCTB 89 flByx craaKHBaioiinacH ejiHHHu ποαβηχηογο cocraBa Moryr noBopaHHBaTbca TaKHM o6pa30M, hto ceeepHbiH nojuoc οληογο MaraHTa pacnojiaraerca προτΗΒ ιοχηογο nanioca flpyroro MaraHTa h Torna ocymecTBJiaerca MaraHTHoe cneroieHHe o6ohx eflHHHU noflBHHCHoro cocraBa.
Ha coejļHHHTejibHbie ΗΒπφω 12 HanpaBJiaiomero KOHCTpyKTHBHoro aneMema 93 b cooTBeTBHH c φπΓ. 27 HacaxHB3ioTca flBe onopHbie ruiHTbi 94, H3 KoropbDC Kaxflaa HMeeT HBa φΗKCHpyioiJUHX OTBepcTHH 131 jyia ycraHOBKH KoaecHOH och (Ha qeprexe He noKa3aHa). Ηηχηηκ cropoHa oahoh H3 θτηχ onopHbix idiht 94 HMeer οφορΜΗροΒ3ΗΗωϋ H3BecTHbiM o6pa30M κοροτκΗΗ uempajībHbiH naTpy6oK 133, κοτορωκ npeflHa3HaaeH COBMeCTHO C ČOKOBbIMH BHJTpeHHHMH ΠΟΒβρΧΗΟΟΙΗΜΗ ΠΟΠΟΗ ΗΗΧΗβίί CTOpOHbl AJIH 33KJiHHHBaHHa coejļHHHTejibHbix Η3πφ 12 HanpaBJiaiomero KOHcrpyKTHBHoro aneMema 93. BepxHaa cTopoHa onopHbix πβητ 94 TaKxe ocHameHa coemnnrreJibHbiMH μ3πφ3ΜΗ I· 12. KpoMe Toro, H3 φΗΓ. 26 bhaho, hto HacaxeHHbie Ha KoaecHbie och 95 Koneca 96 pacnojiojKeHbi c6oKy BHe coeflHHHTejibHOH cko6m 102 η ίμγοβογο cnemioro X0Myra 103. B KanecTBe apyroro KOHCTpyKTHBHoro aneMeirra Ha onpoHbie njiHTbi 94 nocaxeH npHBOflHOH y3ea 97. KaK yxe 6buio ynoMHHyro c πομοιιη>ιο φΗΓ. 24, οτοτ npHBOflHOH y3eji HMeer aee npoaonbHbie nJiacrHHaaTbie qacra 98, flBe čoKOBbie nnacrmmaTbie nacra 99 h BepTHKa/ibHO ycraHOBJieHHbiH ajieierpoflBHraTejib 100. BepxHaa cropoHa npoi(OjibHbix imacTHHHaTbix nacrefl 98 h 6oKOBbix roiacTHHqaTbix Macreū 99 BHOBb ocHameHbi COeflHHHTeJIbHbIMH Ι^ΠφΒΜΗ 12. B COOTBeTCTBHH C φΗΓ. 32, ΗΗΧΗΗβ CTOpOHbl npoAOJibHbix njiacTHHM3Tbix nacren 98 BbinojmeHbi tbkhmh xe, ητο η ηηχηηθ cropoHbi onpHbix iuiht 94 (φΗΓ. 31), 3a HCKjnoneHHeM cpencTB «na ycraHOBKH KOJiecHbix ocen. Mexny δοκοΒΜΜΗ iuiacraH ηβτμμη aacraMH 99 BbiciynaeT npHBomioe 3y6qaToe Koaeco 28 aneKTpoflBHraTeJia 100, κοτοροβ βχοαητ b yray6jieHHe 110 HanpaBJiaiomero KOHcrpyKTHBHoro aneMema 93 (φΗΓ. 30). KpoMe τογο, b Kaxaofi 6okoboh njiacTHHHaTOH nacra 99 ycraHOBJieH nepeMemaromHHca b npoflonbHOM HanpaBJieHHH ηττΗφ 134 (cpaBHHTe Taoce φΗΓ. 23, 24 h 26). TaKHM o6pa30M μοχηο Ha xene3HOflopoxHOM nyra pacnoaoxHTb BbicTynbi, κοτορωε npH nepexofle JioKOMoraBa npHBOflaT b jtežcTBHe LV 10588 ΐϋΤΗφτΜ 134, BcueflCTBHe Mēro c noMombio uenn ummm aneKTpoABHraTejia 100 oāecneHHBaeTCH ocTaHOBKa hjih H3MeHeHHe HanpaBJieHne ΑΒΗχεΗΗΑ JioKOMOTHBa. Ητοδω yaep>KHBaTb BMecie npHBefleHHBie KOHCTpyKTHBHbie aneMeHTbi, a HMeHHo, HanpaBJiaiomHH kohctpjtcthbhmh aaeMeHT 93, onopHbie iuiHTbi 94 η πριίΒΟΑΗοή y3eji 97, HMeioTca ABe nojwepxHBaioipHe cxo6bi 101 (φΗΓ. 24), KOTopbie HacaxnBaioTC5i Ha cooTBeTCTByiomHe coejjHHHTeabHbie ι^ηφω 12 npofloabHbix roiacTHH4aTbix qacTeft 98 npuBOflHoro y3Jia 97, h b npeflycMOTpeHHbie Ha hx naeHax 135 φηκοηργιοίΗΗε npope3H 136 κοτορωχ bboahtcb ocraroiimeca CBoSoflHbiMH onopHbie ηΒπφΗ 111b h llld HanpaBJiHiomero KOHCTpyKTHBHoro aneMema 93.
HaKOHeiļ, c o6eHx ετοροΗ HMeeTca yxe no oahoh 6okoboh 3amHTHOH ruiacTHHe 92, KOTopbie nocaaceHbi Ha coeAHHHTejibHbie ι^πφω 12 6oKOBbix roiacTHHHaTbix HacTeH 99 npHBojiHoro y3Jia 97 η ΒωπαπΗΗιοτ hhcto fleKopaTHBHyio Φ)ήκιιηκ). flaiiee c noMombio φ«Γ. 28 h 29 6ojiee noflpoČHo noacraeTca KOHCTpyKiļHH He HMeromeft npHBOfla ΧΟΑΟΒΟΗ TeJieHCKH B COOTBeTCTBHH C φΗΓ. 23 H 25, ΠρΗΗβΜ Ha φΗΓ. 28 ποκβ3βη bhji b nepcrieKTHBe Bceft τεΛεχκΗ, BKJnoHaa čokobho 3aiHHTHbie iuiacrHHbi 92 Komec. Bha b περεπεκτΗΒε pa3o6paHHbix orfleJibHbix KOHcirpyicrHBHbix aneMeHTOB np8jļCTaBJi8H Ha φΗΓ. 29, πρΗΗεΜ OAHaKO čbuiH onyinoHbi KOJieca 96 (φΗΓ. 28) h hx KoaecHbie och 95 (φΗΓ. 25). TaK KaK OTflejibHbie KOHCTpjremBHbie aaeMeHTbi TaKHe xe, 4TO H y npHBOAHOH TeJIOKKH 87 B COOTBeTCTBHH C φΗΓ. 26 H 27, HX OTAeJIbHbie fl8TaJ!H 0603HaH8HbI Τ3ΚΧ8 H ČOJIbUie ΠΟΑροδΗΟ Ηε OnHCblBaTOTCH. Χοαοβμ Tejieaoca 88 ΗΜεετ yxe H3o6paxeHHbiH Ha φηΓ. 25 yjpHHHeHHbiH HanpaBJIHIOmHH H 6a30BbIH KOHCrrpyKTHBHbIH 3JICMCHT 104, KOTOpblH B OCHOBHOM, Taoco I· H OTHOCHTeJIbHO H306paxeHH0H Ha φΗΓ. 33 HHJKH8H CTOpOHbl, C00TB8TCTByeT HanpaBJIHK)IH8My KOHCTpyKTHBHOMy 3JI8M8HTy 93 npHBOflHOH TGJieXKH 87 B COOTBeTCTBHH c φΗΓ. 26, 27. OmHHHbiM HBJiaeTCH to, hto hct yrny6neHHH 110 (φΗΓ. 27) ajih pa3MemeHHH npHBOAHoro 3yČ4aToro Koaeca , h hto o6e npoAouibHbie doKOBbie creHKH ocHameabi BMecTo aroro apyroH οπορΗοή ι^ηφοκ 111c.
Kax bhaho H3 φΗΓ. 25, 28 h 29, cnenHoe ycTpoHCTBo 89, coAepacauiee τηγοβοη cuenHOH xoMyr 103, apyryio cKo6y 124 h ycTaHOBJieHHbift c B03MOXHOCTbK> noBopora AepacaTejib 127 ποοτοβηηογο μβγηητβ 128, uiapHHpHO npHcoenHHeHbi κ HanpaBJisnoineMy KOHCTpyKTHBHOMy aaeMeHTy 104 c noMombio OTBepcTHH 119 τηγοβογο cuenHoro xoMyTa 103 h onopHbix ΗΒπφ llld, κβκ aro yxe 6bmo noacHeHO w πρηβοαηοη TejieaocH 87 c noMoiiļbio φΗΓ. 26 h 27.
Ha HanpaBJiaioiHHH KOHCTpyKTHBHbiH aneMetrr 104 bhobb HacaaceHbi flBe onopHbix ruiHTbi 94 ftna ocHameHHH KoaecaMH 96 ocefl BpameHHfl 95 (φΗΓ. 25), npHHeM onopHbie ΠΒΗΤΜ 94 HaeHTHHHbl c ΟΠΟρΗΜΜΗ fUIHTaMH B COOTBeTCTBHH C φΗΓ. 27 H 31. 20 flna 3aKpenneHHH οπορΗΜχ iijiht 94 Ha HanpaBJiaioiHeM κοηοτρυκτηβηομ aneMeHTe 104 BHOBb HMeioTca ABe nojwepxHBaioiiiHe cKo6bi, a ημθηηο, ποΑπ,ερχΗΒαιοιίίΗΧ ckočh 105, b npeAycMOTpeHHbie Ha KOHU,ax nnen 135 φπκοπργιοιίίΗβ npope3H 136 KOTopbix BBeaeHbi onopHbie υ,Βπφω 11 la hjih 111c. BMecTo npHBOAHoro ysna 97 b cootbctctbhh c Φηγ. 26, 27 xoAOBaa rejieatKa 88 b cooTBeTCTBHH c φκΓ. 28 h 29 ocHaujeHa uiKBopHeM 138. He noKa3aHHoe 6cuīee ποΑροδΗΟ ocHOBaHue HMeeT uiKBopeHb 139, KOTopbiii ocHaiueH eepxHHM KOHijeBbiM BbiCTynoM 140 h b 30He SToro KOHiļeBoro BbicTyna ΗΜββτ npofloJibHyīo npope3b 141. Ha ocHOBāHHH οφορΜΗροΒΒΗΗ κροΜβ τογο ABe HanpaBJieHHbie bhh3 luīaHKH 142 (Ha φΗΓ. 29 bhaha TOJibKo oAHa rniaHKa), kohubi KOTopbix ημθιοτ φκκοΗργιοιιιγκ) npope3b 143. Οοηοββηηθ HMeeT KpoMe τογο GoKOBbie BbicTynbi, KOTopbie ΗΜειοτ no oahoh BepxHeft coeAHHHTejibHOH ι^πφε 12. Kohctpjtchhh ihkbophh 138 3aicperuieHa Ha HanpaBJiaioiiļeM KOHcrpyKTHBHOM aneMeHTe 104 c B03MoxHOCTbio He3HaMHTejibHoro noBopoTa 6naroflapa TOMy, hto b HMeiomHecfl Ha KOHLjax iuiaHOK npope3H BBeAeHbi AonoJiHHTejibHbie HeHTpaiibHbie onopHbie ηαπφΒΐ 11 le.
HaKOHeu;, fleKopaTHBHbie 3am;HTHbie miacTHHbi KOJiec 92 (φΗΓ. 29) HacaxeHbi Ha čoKOBbie coeflHHHTejibHbie ιΐΑπφΜ 12 kohctpjachhh ihkbophh 138.
CoeaHHeHHe TeneaceK 87 h 88 c Γϋΐ3τφορΜθΗ 85 jiOKOMOTHBa (φΗΓ. 23) ocymecTBJiaeTca cneAyioiHHM o6pa30M.
B cooTBeTCTBHH c φΗΓ. 34 ητΐ3τφορΜ3 85 Hapsmy c onpeneneHHbiM KOJinnecTBOM coeAHHHTejibHbix ΗΒπφ 12 jyia HacaxHBaHHH λκ)6οη o6whbkh, a TaioKe He noKa3aHHoro aiHHKa οπή 6aTapeii pm πητβηηη aneiopoABHraTena 100 (φκτ. 23) HMeeT orBepcrHe 145, Hepe3 κοτοροβ MoaceT npoxoAHTb HaxoAamHHca Ha T&Jieaoce 87 aneKTpoABHraT&nb 100. Ha ιυκιτφορΜβ 85 οφορΜΗροΒβΗθ Bbiciynaiomaa b OTBepcrHe 145 roiaHKa 146, CBOāoflHblH ΚΟΗβΗ, KOTOpOH OCHameH φΗΚΟΗρ^ΤΟΙΗβΗ npOOe3bK> 147. C UeJIblO yCTaHOBKH I·
TejiejKKH 87 Ha ΠJlaτφopMy 85 aneKrpoflBHraTejib 100 (φΗΓ. 26) προχοΑΗΤ nepe3 OTBepcrHe 145. OAHOBpeMeHHO npope3b 115 coeAHHHTejibHOH cko6u 102 ycraHaBOHBaeTca Ha ruiaHKy 146, nona ΗΑπφα 116 (φΗΓ. 27) coeAHHHTejibHOH cko6w 102 He BOHfleT b φHKCHpyκ)l^yIO npope3b 147. TeM caMbiM TeJienaca 87 ycraHOBJieHa Ha ιυ^τφορΜε 85 c B03M0XH0CTbK> noBopora. flaa 3aKpenneHHH c βο3Μοχηο«ί>ιο noBopora χοαοβοη TenejKKH 88 Ha ππΒτφορΜβ 85 nocJieAHHH ocHauteHa uetfrpaJībHbiM oTBepcraeM 148. B aro OTBepcrHe BCTaBJiaeTca anacraHHbiH b paflHaibHOM HanpaBJieHHH uiKBopeHb 139 (φΗΓ. 29) TenejKKH 88. C noMoiHbio KOHueBoro BbicTyna 140 uiKBopeHb 139 h TeM caMbiM Bca TenejKKa 88 3aKpennaerca Ha ιιπΏτφορΜβ 85 c B03MoxHocrbio noBopora. B HaCTHOCTH, H3 φΗΓ. 24 H 25 BHflHO, HTO Η B 3T0M BapHaHTe HCtlOJlHeHHa 3y6naTOH xejie3HOH AoporH b cooTBeTCTBHH c H3o6peTeHHeM nepeAaiomHe ycHJiHe LV 10588 aneMeHTbi, a ημ©ηηο, coejļHHHTejibHaa cKo6a 102 h ciļenHbie ycTpOHCTBa 89, npHcoeflHHeHbi mapHHpHO c noMOiiļbio onopHbix ι^πφ 111, llla-llldK Tejie>KKaM 87 miH 88 OMeHb 6/IH3KO κ X0A0BbiM noBepxHocTOM 90 h BČJ1H3H npoxo,aam8H Mepe3 IļeHTp TOKecra nonepeHHoft πποεκοετΗ, TaK hto h b stom BapnaHre HcnoJiHeHHB oOecneneHa ycTOH4HBocTb 3y6qaTofi xeji83Hoft flopora Ha nojiorae flo ecTecTBeHHoro npeaeJia HopM TexHHHecKoro coctohhhh pejibcoBoro nyra η πο^βηχηογο cocTaBa, npn Koropbix HCKJIIOHaeTCfl Bp3MOXHOCTb OnpOKKmblBaHHfl nOflBHJKHOro cocTaBa.
HrpymeqHaa xejie3Haa flopora b cooTBeTCTBHH c Η3θδρετεΗΗ8Μ mojkot 6bm> BbinojiHeHa He TonbKo, KaK 6buio onHcaHO ao chx πορ, b bhh8 flopora c pacnojiox8HH8M Ha ncuiy hjih Ha rpy30Bbix [IJIaτφopMax, ho h Μοχετ 6βγγβ BbinonHeHa b BapnaHT© HcnojiHeHHH nojjBecHOH xejie3HOH flopora. Ha φ«Γ. 35 npeflCTaBJieH bw ποπερεκ npOflOJIbHOrO HaiipaBJI8HHH X8JI83HOflOpOXHOrO nyTH C HaCTHHHbIM p33p830M npHM8pa HCnOJIHOHfl TaKOH IlOflBOCHOH X8JI83HOH βΟρΟΓΗ. B 3T0M BapHaHT© HCnOJIH8HH3 XeJie3HOflOpO»CHbIH nyTb COCTOHT H3 nocji©flOBaTeJibHO npHC08flHHH8Mbix jipyr κ apyry yqacTKOB x8Ji83Ho,aopoxHoro nyrH 150 KopoSnaToro προφιυΐΗ, κοτορΜΗ οτκρΒίτ Ha CB08Ā ηηχη8η ετοροΗε. TaK KaK stot jKejie3HoaopoxHbiH nyTb ΑαηχεΗ HaxojļHTbca Haa 3eMJieft 151 (noflBecHaa flopora), yqacTKH x8Ji83HOflopoxHoro nyra περε3 οπρεκεπεΗΗΒίε npoflOJibHbi© προΜεχγπαϊ ΠΟΛΠερΤΜ yCTOBMH 152, ΚΟΤΟρωε B CMblCJIO flaHHOft CHCTOMbI KOHCTpyKTHBHbIX 3ji8M8htob, H8 noKa3aHbiM Ha περτεχε očpa30M, Hacax8Hbi c πρεΗΜ^εετΒΟΜ Ha yqacTKH X8Ji83Ho,aopoxHoro nyTH 150 Ha οπρερεπεΗΗΟΗ BbicoTe onnpaacb Ha ocHOBaHHe 151.
Coo6pa3Hbi© c 3THM προφίλ yqacTKOB xeaie3HOflopo3KHoro nyrH 150 ΗΜεετ flBe orpaHHHHBaiomHX ΗΗΧΗεε οτΒερετΗε 153 ποπκη 154, pacnajiox8HHyio προτΗΒ οτΒερετΗΗ 153 non©p©HHHy 155 η flBa εοε^ΗΗΒίοίΗΗΧ non©peqHHy 155 c nojiKaMH 154 non©p©HHbix p©6pa 156. ΒΗγτρεΗΗΗε ποΒερχΗοετκ πουιοκ 154 o6pa3yioT xoflOBbie ποΒερχΗοετπ ajih κοιιεε 96 ©jjHHHUbi ποαβηχηογο cocTaea 157. ΠοπερεπΗΜ 155 ΗΜεετ b »· ρεΗτρε Ha ΒΗγτρεΗΗεή ετοροΗε 3y6qaTyio p8HKy 158.
BbinojiH©HHaa b ΚΒΗεετΒε τηγοβοη, ©flHHHua ποαβηχηογο cocTaBa 157 ΗΜεετ b np8flCTaBJI8HHOM npHM8p8 HCIIOJIH8HHH npHBOflHJTO T8JI8XKy 159, KOTOpafl Β OCHOBHOM BbinOJlH8Ha TaKOH X8, KaK H npHBOAHaa T8JI8XKa 87 B C00TB8TCTBHH C φΗΓ. 26 H 17, OflHaKO B OTJIH4H8 OT nOCJ18flH8H npHCnOCo6jI8Ha JUIH ΠΟΑΒεεΗΟΗ KOHCTpyKHHH Η HM88T Hpyroe ευεπΗοε ycipoHCTBO. Tbkhm očpa30M, T8Ji8XKa 159 ΗΜεετ HanpaaJunoiHHH h 6a30BbIH KOHCTpyKTHBHbIH 3JI8M8HT 93 Β C00TB8TCTBHH C φΗΓ. 27, KpOM8 ΤΟΓΟ θ6ε ΟΠΟρΗΜε nJIHTbl 94, B KOTOpbIX yCTaHOBJI8HbI KOJI8CHbI8 OCH C KOJteCaMH 96, npHBOflHOH y38Ji 97 c 3Ji8KTpoaBHraT8J]8M 100 η οβε doKOBbie ruiacraHMaTbie qacth 99, b KOTopbix pacnOHOHC8HbI KOHTaKTHbI8 ΙϋΤΗφΤΜ 134 3J18KTp0flBHraT8JIH 100, H flBe nOftn,epXHBaiOlHHX 22 cicodbi 101. KpoMe τογο k HanpaBJiaromeMy KOHCTpyKTHBHOMy aneMeiny 93 mapHHpHO npncoejļHHeHO cuenHoe ycTpoHCTBO c iuienaMH 65 τηγοβογο cuenHoro xoMyra 67 (φΗΓ. 13), KOTopbifi HM66T npope3b 68 fljia BoenpHHTHa BbicTyna 71 cueruieHHOH ιυΐΒτφορΜω BaroHa (φΗΓ. 18-21). 3jieKTpoflBHraTejib 100 HMeeT Tarafce nepneHflHKyiīHpHyio κ BHyrpeHHefl noBepxHOCTH nonepeMHHbi 155 npHBOflHyio ocb, Koropaa Hecer He noKa3aHHoe Ha nepreaie npHBOflHoe 3yd4aToe Komeco, κοτοροε HaxoflHTca b 3aueiuieHHH c οβηοη H3 jjByx 3yd4aTbix CTopoH 3y6aaTOH ρβήκπ 158.
TaKHM o6pa30M bhjiho, hto noflBecHaa flopora b cooTBercrBHH c φΗΓ. 35 HMeer oflHHaKOBbiH npHHUHn fleiicTBHa, hto h πρΗΗΐΐΗπ αθηοτβηη noe3fla b cooTBercrBHH c φ«Γ. 1 hjih JioKOMoraBa b cooTBeTCTBHH c φΗΓ. 23. TaK KaK Kotieca 96 eflHHHiļbi πο^βηχηογο cocTaea 157 3aKJiio4eHbi BHyipH KopodnaToro προφιυΐΗ y4acnca xeae3HOflopoxHoro nyra 150, T.e. yaajieme BHyrpeHHHX ποΒβρχΗοοτβΗ πουιοκ 154 οτ BHjnrpeHHeii noBepxHocrn nonepeHHHbi 155 Jimiib ηθμηογο čojibiue, 4eM AHaMeip KOJiec 96, ynacTOK xejie3HOflopoacHoro nym 150 MoaceT 6biTb Taoce pacnanoaceH BepTHKanbHO hjih hhkjiohho, 4το6η c noMouibio KOHCTpjTOjHH BaroHa, cooTBercTBjaomeH TeJieaoce 159, očpa30BaTb nojrbeMHHK hjih HaKJiOHHbiH noffbeMHHK. Hto6m mojkho dbmo ββοαητβ eflHHHUy ΠΟβΒΐυΚΗΟΓΟ COCTaBa 157 B KOpodOMHblH npC^HJIb Xejie3HOAOpOXHOrO nyra 150, JKejie3HOflopoxHbiH nyrb b ojihom Mecre hjih b HecKOJibKHX Mecrax nojoceH coflepacaTb cneiiHaiibHO BbinojmeHHbiH y4acT0K xceJie3HOflopoxHoro nyTH, Ha κοτοροΜ ποπκη 154 Moryr 6brrb ynajieHbi hjih οτκηητγμ. Η3θ6ρετβΗΗβ b oTHomeHHH xejie3HOflopoxHoro nyrH He orpaHHieHo OIIHCaHHblMH flO CHX ΠΟρ Η, B HaCTHOCTH, npeflCTaBJieHHbIMH Ha φΗΓ. 4 H 6 BapHaHTaMH HcnojiHeHHa. Eonee τογο, b paMKax Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗΗ 0XBa4eHbi Tarace apyme cxeMbi xojļOBbix noBepxHOCTeH h 3y6naToro opraHa, xax oto noacHaeTca HHxe c noMouibio φΗΓ. 36a-36h. Ha οτηχ φΗΓγρ3Χ noKa3aH cooTBeTCTBeHHO προφωΐΒ y4acrica xejie3HOjiopo>KHoro nyra, npHHeM xoflOBaa noBepxHOCTb hjih xoflOBwe noBepxHOCTH očo3Ha4eHbi HanpaBJieHHbiMH BepTHKajībHO BHH3 CTpejiKaMH h oča 6οκοβμχ 3y64arbix Bernia 3y64aToro opraHa H30dpaxeHbi o6bi4HbiM o6pa30M αβοηημμη jihhhhmh. Φηγ. 36a noKa3bmaeT φορΓ^ nonepeHHoro ceneHHH yxe onHcaHHoro c noMouibio φΗΓ. 4 H 6 BapHaHTa HCnOJIHeHHH C AByMH XOflOBbtMH ΠΟΒβρΧΗΟΟΤίΙΜΗ H pacnOJIOJKeHHOH B cepeaHHe 3y64aTOH peikoH. Φηγ. 36b noKa3biBaeT cooTBeTCTBjroiiiHH BapHaHT HcnoJiHeHHa, b κοτοροΜ 3yČ4aTbIH OpraH BbinOJIHeH Ηβ B BHJje B03BbIIUeHHoS Hafl ΧΟβΟΒΜΜΗ ΠΟΒερΧΗΟΟΊΓΗΜΗ 3yd4aT0H peHKH, a b BHjje na3a c Hape3aHHbiMH c odeHX CTopoH 3ydbJiMH. Φηγ. 36c noKa3biBaeT BapHaHT ηοποπηθηηη c 3yd4aTOH peikoS b cooTBeTCTBHH c Φηγ 36a, npHieM oahuko χο/iOBbie noBepxHOCTH TaioKe B03BbiiueHbi. LV 10588 Φηγ. 36d noKa3bmaer cooTBeTCTByiomHH φΗΓ. 36 cnyHaH c yrjiy6neHHbiMH ΧΟΑΟΒΜΜΗ IIOBepXHOCTHMH. Φηγ. 36e noKa3broaeT BapnaHT HcnonHeHHH b cooTBeTCTBHH c φΗΓ. 36a, b KOTOpOM OflHaKO XOflOBbie nOBepXHOCTH HBAHIOTCH OHeHb y3KHMH ΠΟ CpaBHeHHK) c BbicoroH 3y6HaTofi peHKH, TaK hto no cpaBHerono c φΗΓ. 36a nonyHaeTca 3HaHHrenbHo 6onee y3KHH acene3HOAopoAHbiH nyTb. Φηγ. 36f noKa3biBaer Bapnairr HcnojraeHHH c rny6oKHM na30M c Hape3aHHbiMH 3y6bHMH H CO CpaBHHTeJībHO y3KHMH XOflOBbIMH ΠΟΒερΧΗΟΟΓΗΜΗ. Φηγ. 36g h 36h noKa3bmaioT acene3HonopojKHbie nyra c 3y6naTOH peHKofi c Hape3aHHbIMH C οβεΗΧ CTOpOH 3y6lOHMH HJIH C na30M C Hap63aHHbIMH C odeHX CTOpOH 3y6bHMH, Koropbie AonycKaiOT KOHcrpyKUHK) enHHHU ποαβηχηογο cocraBa b TaK Ha3biBaeM0M ”MOHopejibcoBOM” BapnaHTe (KOJiecHaa ocb τουη,κο c oahhm χοαοβημ KOJiecoM). B 3tom eapnaHTS HcnonHeHHH b cootbctctbhh c Φηγ. 36g ΒβρχΗΗΗ rnaAKaa noBepxHocTb 3y6naTOH peHKH očpa3yer ejjHHCTBeHHyro xonoByio noBepxHocrb, b to BpeMH KaK χολοβμ ποΒβρχΗοοπ» b Bapnairre HcnojmeHHH b coorBercTBHH c φκτ. 36h o6pa3yerca naaAKHM ahom na3a c Hape3HbiMH 3y6bHMH.
Bo Bcex npeflCTaBJieHHbix BapHaHTax HcnonHeHHH, b nacrnocrH, b Tex, cneACTBHeM KOTOpbix HBiīHeTCH Manoe paccTOHHHe Meagņr pacnonoxeHHbiMH Ha ohhoh och χοαοββιμη KOJiecaMH (φΗΓ. 36e, 36i), KOTopbie HyxAaioTca jininb β oahom χοαοβομ KOJiece b pacMeTe Ha 0AHy ocb (φΗΓ. 36g, 36h) HaAeJKHoe HanpaBJieHHe eAHHHUbi ποαβηχηογο cocrraBa hah ero TenejKeK očecneneHO 6jiaroflapa TOMy, hto Kaamaa eAHHHua ΠΟΑΒΗΧΗΟΓΟ COCTaBa B COOTBeTCTBHH C Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗβΜ OCHaiIļeHa CKOJIb3HII];HMH HJIH pOJIHKOBbIMH HanpaBAAIOmHMH ΟΠβΜβΗΤΒΜΗ, KOTOpbie npHJieraiOT K οββΗΜ CTOpOHaM 3y6naToro opraHa c Hape3aHHbiMH Ha οδβκχ CTopoHax 3y6bMH. B cooTBeTCTBHH c onHcaHHbiMH ao chx nop BapnaHTaMH HcnonHeHHH Hrpyiiie4HOH XeJie3HOH ΑΟρΟΓΗ B cooTBeTCTBHH C Η3θ6ρετεΗΗβΜ eAHHHUbl ΠΟΑΒΗ^ΚΗΟΓΟ COCTaBa HJIH xoAOBbie hah noBopoTHbie TejiejKKH cHa6>KeHbi xoAOBbiMH «onecaMH, KOTopbie katatch no rnaAKHM χοαοβμμ noBepXHocTHM. OKa3aaocb, hto θαηηηιιβι ποαβηχηογο cocTaBa hah hx xoAOBbie hah noBopoTHbie TenejKKH Moryr 6biTb CHadnieHbi Taoce BMecro X0A0Bbix KOAeC CK0Ab3«mHMH ΠΟΒβρΧΗΟΟΙΗΜΗ AA» ΧΟΑΟΒΗΧ ΠΟΒβρΧΗΟΟΤβΗ. ΧθΤΗ ΟΟΠρΟΤΗΒΑεΗΗβ τρβΗΗΑ β pe3yAbTaTe θτογο οιαηοβητοη 6oAbiue, ηθμ conpoTHBneHHe KaneHHio, OAHaKO He b TaicoH Mepe, ητο6η HcnoAb30BaHHe πηταιοιηηχοη ot SaTapeft τηγοββιχ ποαβηχηβιχ eAHHHU 6bino 6bi 6oAbme HeaKOHOMHHHbiM h no3TOMy Heuenecoo6pa3HbiM. B oiiHcaHHbix ao chx nop npHMepax HcnonHeHHH HrpyiueHHOft 3y6naTOH Α<βΑβ3ΗΟΗ ΑΟρΟΓΗ H B cooTBeTCTBHH C H306pereHHeM B KaneCTBe HCTOHHHKa ΠΗΤΑΗΗΗ 3ΑβΚΤρ0ΑΒΗΓΑΤ6ΑΗ npeAyCMOTpeHa yCTaHOBAeHHaH Ha OAHOii H3 eAHHHU ΠΟΑΒΗ3ΚΗΟΓΟ cocTaea 6aTapea, KOTopan pa3yMeeTCH MonceT coctohts H3 ποβτορηο 3apjCKaeMbix 24 aueMeHTOB 6aTapen. KpoMe τογο 6buio onHcaHO, hto τρβχχοβΟΒοε ynpaBJieHHe (ocTaHOBKa, βΒίοκεΗΗε Bnepefl, nBoceHHe Ha3afl) aneKTpoflBHraTejieM mo^ct ocymecTBJWTbCH ot pyKH hjih c noMombio pacncwioxeHHbix Ha acejie3HO^opo>KHOM nyra opraHOB B03fleftcTBHH hjih npaKTHHecKH Jiio6oe ynpaBJieHHe aneicrpoflBHraTeJieM c noMombio H3BecTHoro ycTpoflcTBa αηοτβηηηοηηογο ynpaBJieHHa. Hcnanb30BaHHe 6aTapefl b KanecTBe HcroHHHKa TOKa hh b KoeM cnyHae He HBJiaerca ηθθκοηομημηημ η no3TOMy Heo6ocHOBaHHbiM, TaK KaK oKaaanocb, hto 3y6naTaa acene3Haa flopora c HMeiomHMHca b npoflaace čaTapeaMH Moryr 3KcruiyaTHpoBaTbca Ha HMeiomeM MHoroHHCJieHHbie nojfbeMbi )Kejie3HOflopoxHOM nyTH b τεπεΗΗε 6-25 nacoB ηηοτογο bpcmchh jļBHaceHHa flo H3pacxoflOBaHHH 3apafla 6aTapeft.
OjļHaKo Moacer noaBHTbca acejiamie co3flaTb He3aBHcamee ot SaTapeft, HenpepbiBHO ynpaBJiaeMoe πητβηηο ajieicrpoflBHraTejiH HacroameH 3y6naTOH xeJie3Hoft jiopora c noMombio xene3HOAopoxHoro nyrH.Iļejiecoo6pa3HbiH npHMep HcnonHeHna TaKoro xejie3Hojiopo3CHoro nyra εχεΜ3ΤΗΗεεκΗ npencraBJieH Ha φΗΓ. 37-39. Φηγ. 37 noKa3biBaer yaacTOK xejie3HOflopoxHoro nyTH b cootbctctbhh c φΗΓ. 4, κοτορΗΗ cHačaceH τρβΜΗ paflaMH 161, 162 h 163 H3BecrHbix ToneHHbix KOHTaKTOB 164. ToHenHbie KOHTaKTbi cooTBercTBeHHO He3HaHHTejibHo BbicrynaiOT Haji o6ohmh χοαοβμμη noBepxHocraMH 165 hjih Haa ΒβρχΗβκ noBepxHocrbio 166 3y6naTOH peftKH 167. Taoce H3BeCTHbIM CnoeoGOM 06a ΒΗβΙΗΗΗΧ, pacnOJIOJKeHHbDi B XOJŪ(OBbIX ΠΟΒβρΧΗΟσΓΗΧ 165 BHeuiHHe pa^bi 161 h 162 τοπεΗΗΒΐχ κοητηκτοβ 164 ουιεκτρΗΗβεκΗ coepmeHbi apyr c ApyroM, OflHaKo sjieKTpH necKH oraejieHbi ot pacncuioaceHHoro b 3y6naTOH peike 167 cpeflHero pa^a 163.
TaKHe TOMeiHbie KOHTaicrbi 164 MOiyr 6biTb nanyHeHbi npocrbiM cnocoSoM čjiaroflapa TOMy, hto cooTBercTByiomaa MeranjiHHecKaa jieirra 168 (φΗΓ. 38) yKJiaflbiBaeTca b οφορΜΗροΒΒΗΗΜΗ c Heo6xoflHMbiMH OTBepcTHaMH (npope3aMH) yHacroK xejie3HOflopoiKHoro nyTH h 3aKpenjiaerca b HeM.
SjieKTpHHecKHe coejjHHeHHa Meaqiy jļByMa coeflHHeHHbiMH MexaHHHecKH apyr c ApyroM MOiyr 6bm> Taoce nojiyHeHbi npocrbiM cnocočoM (cpaBHHre φΗΓ. 4-8) 6jiaroaapa TOMy, hto b cooTBeTCTBHH c Φηγ. 39 Ha τορκεΒοΰ cropoHe Kaacaoro yHacTKa Hcejie3HOflopoacHoro nyni pacnojioaceHbi npy>KHHHinHe, aneicrpHHecKH paaflejieHHbie flpyr ot npyra κοητβκτηη8 ajieMeHTbi 169 h 170, οληη H3 Koropbix coeflHHeH aneierpHHecKH c BHeuiHHMH paflaMH 161 h 162 κοητβκτοβ 164 h «pyroH - co cpeflHHM paflOM 163 κοητβκτοβ 164. TaK KaK c noMombio coeflHHHTejibHbix HaKJiajioK 47 (φΗΓ.δ) flocraraerca npoHHoe MexaHHHecKoe coejļHHeHHe CMeacHbix yHacTKOB xeJie3HOflopo>KHoro nym, HMeerca h 6e3ynpeHHoe aneKTpHHecKoe cocahhchhc npiineraioima apyr κ flpyry npyxHHHiUHX KOHTaKTHbix auieMeHTOB 169 h 170. LV 10588 Jļo chx nop npHBOflHOH flBHraTejib 6bui onHcaH KaK aneicropoflBHraTejib. noflpa3yMeBaerca, hto npHBOflHbiM flBHraTeneM 6e3 οτκποΗβΗΗΗ οτ npejjMera Η3θ6ρετεΗΗΗ MoaceT TaioKe 6biTb flBHraTeJib c npy>KHHHbiM MexaHH3MOM, flBHraTeiib MaxoBHKOBoro THna, moBbiH flBHraTejib hjih flaxe napOBaa MauiHHa.
Claims (28)
- LV 10588 IZGUDROJUMA FORMULA 1. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš, kurš satur dzelzceļa ceļu ar vismaz vienu gludu gaitas virsmu, gar gaitas virsmu izvietotu zobratu, kura zobi izpildīti perpendikulāri gaitas virsmai, vilces kustīgo vienību, kura pārvietojas pa gaitas virsmu, piedziņas dzinēju, kurš savienots ar zobratu piedziņas riteni, kurš atrodas aizķerē ar zobratu, un līdzekļus vilces kustīgās vienības virzīšanai gar gaitas virsmu, atšķiras ar to, ka, nolūkā samazināt ražošanas izdevumus, zobrats (43; 45) ir divas viena no otras attālinātas dzelzceļa ceļam perpendikulārā virzienā, gaitas virsmai (41; 42; 53; 54) perpendikulāras un simetriskas zobu rindas (44; 45; 56; 57), ka vilces kustīgā vienība (4), kā arī katra cita ar sakabes ierīču (23, 24) palīdzību ar vilces kustīgo vienību (4) savienotā kustīgā sastāva vienība (1, 2, 3, 5) apgādāta ar pāros viens otram pretī novietotiem slīdošiem un ritenīšu virzošajiem elementiem (17, 18; 21, 22; 22, 83), kuri izpildīti pieguļoši vienai no divām zobrata (43; 55) sānu virsmām (44, 45; 56, 57), ka vilces kustīgās vienības (4) vienīgais piedziņas ritenis (28) novietots ar nobīdi uz sāniem attiecībā pret attāluma vidu starp pāros viens pretī otram novietotajiem slīdošajiem un ritenīšu virzošajiem elementiem (17, 18; 21, 22; 22, 83) - zobratu piedziņas riteņa (28) aizķeres nodrošināšanai atkarībā no vilces kustīgās vienības (4) gareniskā stāvokļa uz dzelzceļa ceļa vienā vai otrā zobrata (43; 55) pusē (44, 45; 56, 57), un ka sakabes ierīces (23, 24) izvietotas uz vilces kustīgās vienības (4) un uz citām kustīgā sastāva vienībām (1, 2, 3, 5) uz dzelzceļa ceļu darbojošos vilces kustīgās vienības (4) un citu kustīgā sastāva vienību (1,2,3,5) virzes kustības spēku vietas tuvumā.
- 2. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 1.p.,atšķiras ar to, ka dzelzceļa ceļš sastāv no divām gaitas virsmām (41, 42; 53, 54), centrā starp kurām novietota zobstieņa sliede (43; 55) ar abās pusēs izgrieztiem zobiem (44, 45; 56, 57).
- 3. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 1.p., atšķiras ar to, ka dzelzceļa ceļš sastāv no divām gaitas virsmām, starp kurām izpildīta centrālā rieva, kuras sānu virsmām ir iegriezti zobi (fig. 36b).
- 4. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 1.p., atšķiras ar to, ka dzelzceļa ceļa pamatne apgādāta ar paceļamu latu ar abās pusēs iegrieztiem zobiem, kuras augšējā virsma veido gaitas virsmu (fig. 36g).
- 5. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 1.p., atšķiras arto, ka dzelzceļa ceļam šķērsgriezumā ir taisnstūra "U" forma, pie tam dibena iekšējā virsma -2- veido gaitas virsmu, bet divas iekšējās malas apgādatas ar iegrieztiem zobiem (fig. 36h).
- 6. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 1.p., atšķiras ar to, ka dzelzceļa ceļam ir kārbveida ar atveri (153) vienā pusē šķērsgriezuma forma, kurai ir divi atveri (153) ierobežojoši plauktiņi (154), pretī atverei (153) izvietots šķērsis (155) un divas šķērsribas (156), kuras savieno šķērsi (155) ar plauktiņiem (154), pie kam plauktiņu (154) iekšējās virsmas un/vai šķērša (155) iekšējā virsma veido gaitas virsmas, un pie tam šķērsim (155) vidū uz tā iekšējās malas ir zobstieņa sliede (158).
- 7. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc viena no 1.-6.p.p., atšķiras ar to, ka zobrats (43; 55) izgatavots kā viens vesels ar dzelzceļa ceļu no sintētiska materiāla.
- 8. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc viena no 1 .-7.p.p., atšķiras ar to, ka dzelzceļa ceļš sastāv no atsevišķiem taisniem un izliektiem dzelzceļa ceļa posmiem, pie tam dzelzceļa ceļa savienojamo posmu savienošanai uz šiem posmiem uzmaukti sānu savienojuma uzliktņi (47).
- 9. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 8.p., atšķiras ar to, ka katra izliektā dzelzceļa posmam liekuma leņķis ir 45°, un ka katru izliekto dzelzceļa ceļa posmu sastāda no garāka lokveida posma (59, 60) un īsāka taisnā posma (61,62).
- 10. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 9.p., atšķiras ar to, ka divus izliektus dzelzceļa posmus ar 45° leņķisko zonu savāc vienā veselā izliektā dzelzceļa ceļa posmā ar 90° leņķisko zonu, pie tam savāktā dzelzceļa ceļa posma gala zonas satur taisnus posmus (61, 62).
- 11. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc viena no 8.-10.p.p., atšķiras ar to, ka katra dzelzceļa ceļa posma gala virsmas apgādātas ar kodējošiem elementiem (51, 52), kuri izpildīti izciļņu (51) un padziļinājumu (52) veidā, un savstarpējai aizķerei apgādāti ar atbilstošiem kaimiņu posma kodējošajiem elementiem.
- 12. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc viena no 8.-11.p.p., atšķiras ar to, ka katrs dzelzceļa ceļa posms apgādāts ar vismaz divām dzelzceļa garenvirzienā izvietotām punktveida kontaktu (164) rindām (165, 166), lai pievadītu strāvu vilces kustīgajai vienībai.
- 13. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 1.p., atšķiras ar to, ka vilces kustīgajai vienībai ir ratiņi (4) ar gludiem riteņiem (16) dzelzceļa ceļa gaitas virsmām, pie tam piedziņas dzinējs (26), piemēram, ar reduktoru apgādāts elektrodzinējs, novietots vertikālā stāvoklī uz ratiņiem (4). -3- LV 10588
- 14. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 13.p., atšķiras ar to, ka uz ratiņiem (4), kuri apgādāti ar piedziņas dzinēju (26), novietota vismaz viena vilces sakabes apskava (23, 24) ar diviem atliektiem pleciem (65) ar pagrieziena iespēju augstuma virzienā, pie tam vilces sakabes uzmavas (23, 24) plecu (65) divpusējā pagrieziena vietas (25, 66) uz ratiņiem paredzētas vismaz piedziņas dzinēja (26) piedziņas zobratu riteņa (28) līmenī un ratiņu (4) garenvirzienā blakus ar ratiņu (4) garenvirzienam perpendikulāru plakni, kura iet caur ratiņu (4) smaguma centru.
- 15. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 1.p., atšķiras ar to, ka vilces kustīgā vienība vai cita ar vilces kustīgo vienību savienota kustīgā sastāva vienība apgādāta ar vismaz vieniem gaitas ratiņiem (5), kuriem nav piedziņas un uz kuriem ar pagrieziena iespēju augstuma virzienā novietota vilces sakabes apskava (23, 24) ar diviem atliektiem pleciem (65), pie tam vilces sakabes uzmavas (23, 24) plecu (65) divpusējā pagrieziena vietas (25, 66) paredzētas vismaz ratiņu (5) slīdošo vai ritenīšu elementu (21, 22) līmenī un ratiņu (5) garenvirzienā blakus ar ratiņu (5) garenvirzienam perpendikulāru plakni, kura iet caur ratiņu (5) smaguma centru.
- 16. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 15.p., atšķiras ar to, ka gaitas ratiņi (88), kuriem nav piedziņas, uzstādīti uz kustīgā sastāva vienības platformas (85) ar pagriežamas tapas (106) palīdzību.
- 17. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc viena no 13.-16.p.p., atšķiras ar to, ka katri ratiņi (4, 5, 87, 88) ir divasu.
- 18. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc viena no 13.-17.p.p., atšķiras ar to, kā vilciens satur piedziņas dzinēju (26) nesošos vilces ratiņus (4) un ar ratiņu (4) vienu galu savienotu platformu (9), kuras otrs gals apgādāts ar pagriežamiem ratiņiem (6), kuriem nav piedziņas.
- 19. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 18.p., atšķiras ar to, ka vilcienam ir vairākas kustīgā sastāva vienības (1, 2, 3) ar vienu platformu katra (9, 10, 11), pie tam otrā platforma (10) sakabināta ar piedziņas ratiņiem (4), pie tam katra nākamā platforma (11) bez tam ar gaitas ratiņu (5), kuriem nav piedziņas, palīdzību savienota ar iepriekšējo platformu (10), un pie tam pēdējā platforma (11) nesavienotajā galā apgādāta ar pagriežamiem ratiņiem (7).
- 20. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 14. vai 15.p.p., atšķiras ar to, ka ratiņu (4, 5) vilces sakabes apskavai (23, 24) uz abus ar pagrieziena iespēju uzstādītos plecus (65) savienojošās šķērsdaļas (67) ir izgriezums (68) un ka ar vilces sakabes apskavas (23, 24) palīdzību pievienojamās kustīgā sastāva -4- vienības platforma (10) vismaz vienā savā galā apgādāta ar izgriezumā (68) ievadāmu un izgriezumā (68) nofiksējamu savienojuma izcilni (70, 71).
- 21. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 20.p., atšķiras ar to, ka savienojuma izcilnis (70, 71) apgādāts ar vismaz vienu balstu (72), bet izgriezums (68) apgādāts ar atbilstošu padziļinājumu (69).
- 22. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 20. vai 21 .p.p., atšķiras ar to, ka savienojuma izcilnim (70) ir izgriezumam (68) pielāgots taisnstūra šķērsgriezums.
- 23. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 20. vai 21 .p.p., atšķiras ar to, ka savienojuma izcilnim ir noapaļots vai nošķelts šķērsgriezums, piemēram, plakana romba veidā.
- 24. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 14. vai 15.p.p., atšķiras ar to, ka ratiņu (87, 88) vilces sakabes apskavai (103) ir uz tās šķērsdaļas (103), kura savieno abus ar pagrieziena iespēju uzstādītos plecus (117, 118), pagrieziena magnēta (128) šarnīra turētājs (127).
- 25. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc viena no 13.-24.p.p., atšķiras ar to, ka katri ratiņi savākti no atsevišķiem konstruktīviem mezgliem moduļu veidā.
- 26. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 1.p., atšķiras ar to, ka satur vismaz vienu gaitas virsmu un vienu gar gaitas virsmu novietotu zobratu (43; 55), kuram ir divi viens no otra noteiktā attālumā dzelzceļa ceļa šķērsvirzienā attālināti, gaitas virsmai (41, 42; 53, 54) perpendikulāri, un simetriski zobu vainagi (44, 45; 56, 57).
- 27. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 1.p., atšķiras ar to, ka ir dzelzceļa ceļš ar vismaz vienu gludu gaitas virsmu un gar gaitas virsmu izvietotu zobratu, kuram ir divi viens no otra noteiktā attālumā dzelzceļa ceļa šķērsvirzienā attālināti, gaitas virsmai perpendikulāri un simetriski zobu vainagi, vilces kustīgā vienība (4) apgādāta ar pāros viens pretī otram novietotiem slīdošiem un ritenīšu virzošiem elementiem (17,18; 21, 22; 22, 83), kuri izpildīti i· tāpēc, lai piegulētu vienam no diviem zobrata (43; 55) zobu vainagiem (44, 45; 56, 57), un ka vilces kustīgās vienības (4) piedziņas dzinējs (26) apgādāts ar vienu vienīgu piedziņas zobratu riteni (28), kurš novietots ar nobīdi uz sāniem attiecībā pret attāluma vidu starp pāros viens otram pretī novietotajiem slīdošajiem un ritenīšu virzošajiem elementiem (17,18; 21, 22; 22, 83), lai dzītu zobratu piedziņas riteni (28) atkarībā no vilces kustīgās vienības (4) gareniskā stāvokļa uz dzelzceļa ceļa ar zobrata (43; 55) vienu vai otru zobu vainagu (44, 45; 56, 57). -5- LV 10588
- 28. Rotaļlietu zobratu dzelzceļš pēc 27.p., atšķiras ar to, ka tas apgādāts ar vismaz vienu sakabes ierīci, kura satur vilces sakabes apskavu (32, 24) ar diviem atliektiem pleciem (65), kuri novietoti uz piedziņas dzinēju (26) saturošiem vilces kustīgās vienības ratiņiem (4) ar pagrieziena iespēju augstuma virzienā, pie tam vilces sakabes apskavas (23, 24) plecu (65) divpusējā pagrieziena vietas (25, 86) uz ratiņiem (4) paredzētas vismaz piedziņas dzinēja (26) piedziņas zobratu riteņa (28) līmenī un ratiņu (4) garenvirzienā blakus ar ratiņu (4) garenvirzienam perpendikulāru plakni, kura iet caur ratiņu (4) smaguma centru. 4
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CH290186 | 1986-07-21 |
Publications (2)
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LV10588A LV10588A (lv) | 1995-04-20 |
LV10588B true LV10588B (en) | 1995-08-20 |
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ID=4244160
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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LVP-93-16A LV10588B (en) | 1986-07-21 | 1993-01-11 | Toy indented chisel railway |
Country Status (37)
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US (1) | US4861306A (lv) |
EP (2) | EP0254679B1 (lv) |
JP (1) | JPH0761382B2 (lv) |
KR (1) | KR970000430B1 (lv) |
CN (1) | CN1025288C (lv) |
AR (1) | AR242503A1 (lv) |
AT (2) | ATE55553T1 (lv) |
AU (1) | AU591789B2 (lv) |
BG (1) | BG48564A3 (lv) |
BR (1) | BR8703762A (lv) |
CA (1) | CA1285768C (lv) |
CZ (1) | CZ282241B6 (lv) |
DD (1) | DD263920A5 (lv) |
DE (2) | DE3766563D1 (lv) |
DK (1) | DK168787B1 (lv) |
EG (1) | EG18152A (lv) |
ES (1) | ES2018850B3 (lv) |
FI (1) | FI90498C (lv) |
GR (1) | GR3002543T3 (lv) |
HU (1) | HU210010B (lv) |
IE (1) | IE59936B1 (lv) |
IL (1) | IL83246A (lv) |
IN (1) | IN167958B (lv) |
LT (1) | LT3742B (lv) |
LV (1) | LV10588B (lv) |
MA (1) | MA21038A1 (lv) |
MX (1) | MX168304B (lv) |
MY (1) | MY100942A (lv) |
NO (1) | NO171350C (lv) |
NZ (1) | NZ221088A (lv) |
PL (1) | PL154386B1 (lv) |
PT (1) | PT85366B (lv) |
RU (1) | RU1801023C (lv) |
SK (1) | SK279359B6 (lv) |
TN (1) | TNSN87093A1 (lv) |
TR (1) | TR23282A (lv) |
ZA (1) | ZA875153B (lv) |
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DK137697A (da) * | 1997-11-28 | 1999-05-29 | Lego As | Legetøjssæt omfattende et køretøj og skinneelementer samt et køretøj til et sådant legetøjssæt |
DK175561B1 (da) * | 1999-01-11 | 2004-12-06 | Lego As | Legetöjsbyggesæt med system til overföring af energi mellem byggeelementer |
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CN101229443B (zh) * | 2008-02-05 | 2012-02-01 | 广东奥飞动漫文化股份有限公司 | 一种玩具飞车及其轨道 |
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1987
- 1987-07-02 AR AR87308048A patent/AR242503A1/es active
- 1987-07-09 FI FI873046A patent/FI90498C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-10 IE IE187087A patent/IE59936B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-13 DE DE8787810393T patent/DE3766563D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-07-13 AT AT87810394T patent/ATE55553T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-13 ES ES87810393T patent/ES2018850B3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-13 AT AT87810393T patent/ATE58845T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-13 EP EP87810393A patent/EP0254679B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-13 EP EP87810394A patent/EP0256975B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-13 DE DE8787810394T patent/DE3764333D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-07-14 ZA ZA875153A patent/ZA875153B/xx unknown
- 1987-07-14 IN IN590/DEL/87A patent/IN167958B/en unknown
- 1987-07-14 AU AU75627/87A patent/AU591789B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-07-16 NZ NZ221088A patent/NZ221088A/xx unknown
- 1987-07-16 CA CA000542248A patent/CA1285768C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-07-16 US US07/074,533 patent/US4861306A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-07-16 MA MA21275A patent/MA21038A1/fr unknown
- 1987-07-19 EG EG419/87A patent/EG18152A/xx active
- 1987-07-20 RU SU874202994A patent/RU1801023C/ru active
- 1987-07-20 NO NO873012A patent/NO171350C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-20 DK DK376487A patent/DK168787B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-20 BR BR8703762A patent/BR8703762A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-20 IL IL83246A patent/IL83246A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-20 KR KR1019870007815A patent/KR970000430B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-20 DD DD87305159A patent/DD263920A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-21 SK SK5507-87A patent/SK279359B6/sk unknown
- 1987-07-21 JP JP62180172A patent/JPH0761382B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-21 BG BG080684A patent/BG48564A3/xx unknown
- 1987-07-21 TR TR523/87A patent/TR23282A/xx unknown
- 1987-07-21 PL PL1987266940A patent/PL154386B1/pl unknown
- 1987-07-21 TN TNTNSN87093A patent/TNSN87093A1/fr unknown
- 1987-07-21 CN CN87105676A patent/CN1025288C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-07-21 MY MYPI87001069A patent/MY100942A/en unknown
- 1987-07-21 PT PT85366A patent/PT85366B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-21 MX MX007447A patent/MX168304B/es unknown
- 1987-07-21 HU HU873365A patent/HU210010B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-21 CZ CS875507A patent/CZ282241B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1990
- 1990-12-06 GR GR90400935T patent/GR3002543T3/el unknown
-
1993
- 1993-01-11 LV LVP-93-16A patent/LV10588B/lv unknown
- 1993-12-28 LT LTIP1675A patent/LT3742B/lt not_active IP Right Cessation
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