JP6557147B2 - Hb9調節物を用いたヒト胚性幹細胞の膵臓内分泌細胞への分化 - Google Patents
Hb9調節物を用いたヒト胚性幹細胞の膵臓内分泌細胞への分化 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、その全てが参照により組み込まれている、米国特許仮出願第61/747,672号明細書(2012年12月31日出願)に基づく優先権を主張する。
本発明は、細胞分化の分野にある。より詳細には、本発明は、膵臓内胚葉及び内分泌細胞中のHB9の調節物として、特定の甲状腺ホルモン又はその類似体、及びALK5阻害剤の利用を含む。
幹細胞は、単一細胞レベルでの自己再生能及び分化能の両方によって定義される未分化細胞である。幹細胞は、自己再生前駆細胞、非再生性前駆細胞、及び最終分化細胞を含む子孫細胞を生成することができる。幹細胞はまた、インビトロでの、複数の胚葉(内胚葉、中胚葉及び外胚葉)から種々の細胞系統の機能細胞へ分化させるそれらの能力によって特徴付けられる。幹細胞は、移植後に複数の胚葉の組織を生じさせ、線維芽細胞に注入後、実質的に(全てではないとしても)ほとんどの組織に寄与する。
A.多能性幹細胞の特徴付け
多能性幹細胞は、1つ又は2つ以上の、ステージ特異的胚性抗原(SSEA)3及び4と、Tra−1−60及びTra−1−81抗体(Thomson et al.1998,Science 282:1145〜1147)を用いて検出可能なマーカーを発現してよい。インビトロでの多能性幹細胞の分化は、Tra−1−60及びTra−1−81発現の欠損をもたらす。未分化多能性幹細胞は典型的に、アルカリホスファターゼ活性を有し、これは、4%パラホルムアルデヒドで細胞を固定し、次いで製造業者(Vector Laboratories,CA,USA)によって記述されたように、基質としてVECTOR((登録商標))Redで発色させることによって検出可能である。未分化の多能性幹細胞はまた、RT−PCRにより検出されるように、一般にOCT4及びTERTも発現する。
使用してよい多能性幹細胞の例示型としては、妊娠の間、典型的には、しかし必須では無く、妊娠のおよそ10〜12週前のいずれかの時間に取った、(例えば胚胎盤のような)前胚性組織、胚性組織、又は胎児組織を含む、多能性細胞の確立された株が挙げられる。非限定例は、例えばヒト胚性幹細胞株H1、H7及びH9(WiCell Research Institute,Madison,WI,USA)のような、ヒト胚性幹細胞又はヒト胚性生殖細胞の確立された株が挙げられる。フィーダー細胞のない状態ですでに培養した多能性幹細胞集団から取った細胞もまた好適である。OCT4、NANOG、SOX2、KLF4及びZFP42(Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2011,12:165〜185、又はIPS,Cell,126(4):663〜676を参照)のようないくつかの多能性関連転写因子の強制発現を用いて、成人体細胞から由来する、人工多能性幹細胞(IPS)又は再プログラムされた多能性細胞もまた使用してよい。本発明の方法に使用されるヒト胚性幹細胞は、Thomsonらによって記述されたように調製してもよい(米国特許第5,843,780号;Science,1998,282:1145〜1147;Curr Top Dev Biol 1998,38:133〜165;Proc Natl Acad Sci U.S.A.1995,92:7844〜7848)。BG01v(BresaGen,Athens,Ga)のような変異体ヒト胚性幹細胞株、又はTakahashi et al.,Cell 131:1〜12(2007)にて開示された細胞のような、成人ヒト体細胞から由来した細胞もまた使用してよい。特定の実施形態において、本発明での使用に好適な多能性幹細胞は、Li et al.(Cell Stem Cell 4:16〜19,2009);Maherali et al.(Cell Stem Cell 1:55〜70,2007);Stadtfeld et al.(Cell Stem Cell 2:230〜240);Nakagawa et al.(Nature Biotechnol 26:101〜106,2008);Takahashi et al.(Cell 131:861〜872,2007)及び米国特許第2011/0104805号明細書に記述された方法にしたがって誘導してよい。特定の実施形態において、多能性幹細胞は、非胚性由来のものであってよい。これらの参照、特許、特許出願の全てが、とりわけ、多能性細胞の単離、培養、膨張及び分化に関連するので、その全てが参照により本明細書に組み込まれている。
1つの実施形態において、多能性幹細胞は典型的には、種々の方法にて、多能性幹細胞を支持するフィーダー細胞の層上で培養する。あるいは、多能性幹細胞を、フィーダー細胞を実質的に含まない培養系中で培養するが、それにもかかわらず、実質的な分化なしに、多能性幹細胞の増殖を支持する。分化なしでフィーダーを含まない培養液中の多能性幹細胞の増殖が、他の細胞型と先に培養することによって条件付けした培地を用いて支持される。あるいは、分化なしにフィーダーを含まない培養液中の多能性幹細胞の増殖が、化学的に規定された培地を用いて支持される。
多能性幹細胞は、β細胞に向かって分化するにつれ、それぞれが、特定のマーカーが存在する、又は存在しないことによって特徴付けられて良い、種々のステージを通して分化する。これらのステージへの細胞の分化は、圧力、又は培養培地に加えた特定の因子の欠如を含む、特定の培養条件によって達成される。一般に、本分化は、多能性幹細胞の、胚体内胚葉への分化を含んでよい。これらの胚体内胚葉細胞は次いで、腸管細胞にさらに分化し、続いて前腸内胚葉細胞に分化してよい。前腸内胚葉細胞は、膵臓前腸前駆細胞に分化してよく、これは続いて、膵臓内胚葉細胞、膵臓内分泌前駆細胞又は両方に分化可能である。これらの細胞は次いで、(β細胞のような)膵臓ホルモン産出細胞に分化してよい。
多能性幹細胞の特徴は当業者に公知であり、多能性幹細胞の更なる特徴は、継続して同定されている。多能性幹細胞マーカーとしては、例えば、以下の、ABCG2、クリプト、FOXD3、CONNEXIN43、CONNEXIN45、OCT4、SOX2、NANOG、hTERT、UTF1、ZFP42、SSEA−3、SSEA−4、TRA−1−60及びTRA−1−81の1つ又は2つ以上の発現が含まれる。
ステージ1:細胞培養株から得た、胚性幹細胞のような、多能性幹細胞を、適切な因子で処理して、胚体内胚葉細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞への分化を誘導する。
ステージ2:ステージ1からの細胞を、適切な因子で処理して、腸管細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞へのさらなる分化を誘導する。
ステージ3:ステージ2からの細胞を、適切な因子で処理して、前腸内胚葉細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞へのさらなる分化を誘導する。
ステージ4:ステージ3からの細胞を、(特定の実施形態において、T3/T4を含む)適切な因子で処理して、膵臓前腸前駆細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞へのさらなる分化を誘導する。
ステージ5:ステージ4からの細胞を、(特定の実施形態において、(i)T3/T4、(ii)ALK5阻害剤、又は(iii)T3/T4及びALK5阻害剤両方を含む)適切な因子で処理して、膵臓内胚葉/内分泌前駆細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞へのさらなる分化を誘導する。
ステージ6:ステージ5からの細胞を、(特定の実施形態において、T3/T4、ALK5阻害剤、又は両方を含む)適切な因子で処理して、膵臓内分泌細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞へのさらなる分化を誘導する。
ステージ1:多能性幹細胞の、胚体内胚葉細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞への分化
ステージ2:胚体内胚葉細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している、腸管細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞への分化
ステージ3:腸管細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞の、前腸内胚葉細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞への分化
ステージ4〜6:甲状腺ホルモンT3/T4又はALK5阻害剤、又はT3/T4及びALK5阻害剤両方を補充した培養培地での処理による、前腸内胚葉細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞の、膵臓内胚葉細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞への分化。
a.多能性幹細胞を培養することと、
b.多能性幹細胞を、前腸内胚葉細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞に分化することと、
c.(i)T3/T4、(ii)ALK5阻害剤、又は(iii)T3/T4とALK5阻害剤両方を補充した培地での処理によって、前腸内胚葉細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞を、多能性幹細胞からの膵臓内分泌細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞に分化すること、とを含む、多能性幹細胞からの膵臓内分泌細胞に特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞を製造するための方法を提供する。
ヒト多能性細胞から由来した膵臓内胚葉集団を産出している先に発行されたプロトコールは、実質的にHB9タンパク質を発現しない。
本例は、本実施例にて記述したような多能性幹細胞から由来する細胞中のHB9の発現パターンの同定を指向する。ヒト胚性幹細胞株H1(継代40)を、10μMのY27632(Rock阻害剤、カタログ番号Y0503、Sigma−Aldrich,St.Louis,MO)を補充したmTESR((登録商標))1培地(StemCell Technologies,Vncouver,Cananda)中のMATRIGEL(商標)(1:30希釈;BD Biosciences,Franklin Lakes,NJ)−コートディッシュ上に、1×105細胞/cm2にて、単一細胞として播いた。播種48時間後、培養液を、不完全PBS(Mg又はCaなしのリン酸緩衝食塩水)で洗浄した。培養液を次いで、Diabetes、61,2016,2012にて先に記述されたように、膵臓内胚葉/内分泌前駆細胞に分化された。使用した分化プロトコールは以下のようであった。
a.1:30 MATRIGEL(商標)コート表面上にプレートした未分化H1細胞の60〜70%コンフルエント接着培養液を、0.2%ウシ胎児血清(FBS)(Hyclone,Ytah)、100ng/mlアクチビン−A(AA;Pepro−tech;Rochy Hill,NJ)及び20ng/mlのWnt3(R&D Systems)を補充したGIBCO((登録商標))RPMI1640培地(Invitrogen)に、1日目のみ曝露した。次の2日間、細胞を、0.5% FBSと100ng/ml AAを含むGIBCO((登録商標)))RPMI中で培養した。
b.(a)から得られた細胞を、2% FBSと50ng/mlのFGF7(Pepro−tech)を補充したDMEM−12培地(Invitrogen)に、3日間曝露した。
c.(b)から得られた培養液を、0.25μM SANT−1(Sigma−Aldrich;St.Louis,MO)、2μMレチノイン酸(Sigma−Aldrich)、100ng/mlのNoggin(R&D Systems)及び1%(v/v)の、Life Technologies Corporation,Grand Island,NYにより商標B27((登録商標))の下売られている栄養補助物(カタログ番号:17504044)を補充した、DMEM−HG培地(Invitrogen)中、4日間続けた。
d.(c)から得られた細胞を、単層フォーマットにて、0.1μM ALK5阻害剤(ALK5i;Farmingdale,NY)、100ng/mLのNoggin、500nM TPB((2S,5S)−(E,E)−8−(5−(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−2,4−ペンタジエノイルアミノ)ベンゾラクタム、EMD Chemicals Inc,Gibbstown NJ)及び1% B27で補充したDMEM−HG培地中で3日間培養した。培養の最後の日のために、細胞を5mg/mLジスパーゼで5分間処理し、続いて穏やかにピペッティングして、混合し、細胞クラスタ(100ミクロン未満)に破壊した。細胞クラスタを、使い捨てポリスチレン125ml Spinner Flask(Corning)に移し、1μM ALK5阻害剤、100ng Noggin及び1% B27を補充したDMEM−HGを含む懸濁液中、終夜80〜100rpmにて回転させた。
ステージ4〜ステージ6でのT3の添加は、HB9陽性細胞の数を増強する
本実施例は、HB9陽性細胞の数を有意に増強するための、ステージ4〜ステージ6でのT3の添加を指向する。
b.ステージ2(2日間):ステージ1細胞を次いで、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.0012g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、1X GlutaMax(商標)、4.5mM D−グルコース、0.25mMアスコルビン酸(Sigma,MO)及び25ng/ml FGF7(R&D Systems,MN)を補充したMCDB−131培地で2日間処理した。
c.ステージ3(2日間):ステージ2細胞を次いで、ITS−XGibco(登録商標)Insulin,−Transferrin−Selenium−Ethanolamine;Invitrogen,Ca)の1:200希釈、4.5mMグルコース、1X GlutaMax(商標)、0.0017g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.25μM SANT−1(Sigma、MO)、1μM RA(Sigma,MO)、25ng/ml FGF7、0.25mMアスコルビン酸、200nM TPB(PKCアクチベータ、カタログ番号565740、EMD Chemicals,Gibbstown,NJ)及び100nM LDN−193189(BMP受容体阻害剤、カタログ番号04−0019、Stemgent)を補充したMCDB−131培地で、2日間処理した。
d.ステージ4(3日間):ステージ3細胞を次いで、ITS−X(Invitrogen,CA)の1:200希釈、4.5mMグルコース、1X GlutaMax(商標)、0.0017g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.25μM SANT−1、100nM RA、2ng/ml FGF7、100nM LDN−193189、0.25mMアスコルビン酸、10nM T3(T6397,Sigma)及び100nM TPBを補充したMCDB−131培地で、3日間処理した。
e.ステージ5(3日間):ステージ4細胞を次いで、ITS−Xの1:200希釈、4.5mMグルコース、1X GlutaMax(商標)、0.0015g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.25μM SANT−1、50nM RA、0.25mMアスコルビン酸、10nM T3、50nM LDN−193189、500nM ALK5阻害剤SD208を補充した、MCDB−131培地で、3日間処理した。SD208は、Molecular Pharmacology 2007,72:152−161に開示された、式Iに示した構造を有する、(2−(5−クロロ−2−フルオロフェニル)プテリジン−4−イル]ピリジン−4−イル−アミン)は、2,4−二置換プテリジンである。SD208は、2,4−二置換プテリジン、TGF−βRIキナーゼのATP−競合阻害剤である。
ステージ6でのT3とALK5阻害剤での組合せ処理は、
HB9の発現を増強する本実施例は、ステージ6での培地中の、ALK5阻害剤とT3の組合せが、HB9の発現を有意にブーストすることが明らかであることを実証する。
a.ステージ1(3日間):細胞を、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA(Proliant、カタログ番号68700)、0.0012g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム(Sigma−Aldrich、カタログ番号S3187)、1X GlutaMax(商標)(Invitrogen、カタログ番号35050−079)、4.5mM D−グルコース(Sigma−Aldrich、カタログ番号G8769)、100ng/ml GDF8(R&D Systems)及び1μM MCX化合物を補充した、MCDB−131培地(Invitrogenカタログ番号10372−019)中で1日間培養した。細胞を次いで、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.0012g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、1X GlutaMax(商標)、4.5mM D−グルコース、100ng/ml GDF8及び0.1μM MCX化合物を補充したMCDB−131培地中、さらに1日培養した。細胞を次いで、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.0012g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、1X GlutaMax(商標)、4.5mM D−グルコース及び100ng/ml GDF8を補充したMCDB−131培地中、さらに1日培養した。
b.ステージ2(2日間):ステージ1細胞を次いで、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.0012g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、1X GlutaMax(商標)、4.5mM D−グルコース、0.25mMアスコルビン酸(Sigma,MO)及び25ng/ml FGF7(R&D Systems,MN)を補充したMCDB−131培地で2日間処理した。
c.ステージ3(2日間):ステージ2細胞を次いで、ITS−X(Invitrogen,CA)の1:200希釈、4.5mMグルコース、1X GlutaMax(商標)、0.0017g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.25μM SANT−1(Sigma、MO)、1μM RA(Sigma,MO)、25ng/ml FGF7、0.25mMアスコルビン酸、200nM TPB(PKCアクチベータ、カタログ番号565740、EMD Chemicals,Gibbstown,NJ)及び100nM LDN−193189(BMP受容体阻害剤、カタログ番号04−0019、Stemgent)を補充したMCDB−131培地で、2日間処理した。
d.図テージ4(3日間)ステージ3細胞を次いで、ITS−X(Invitrogen,CA)の1:200希釈、4.5mMグルコース、1X GlutaMax(商標)、0.0017g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.25μM SANT−1(Sigma、MO)、100nM RA、2ng/ml FGF7、100nM LDN−193189、0.25mMアスコルビン酸、10nM T3(T6397,Sigma)及び100nM TPB及び1μM T3を補充したMCDB−131培地で、3日間処理した。
e.ステージ5(3日間):ステージ4細胞を次いで、ITS−Xの1:200希釈、4.5mMグルコース、1X GlutaMax(商標)、0.0015g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.25μM SANT−1、50nM RA、0.25mMアスコルビン酸、1μM T3、50nM LDN−193189、1000nM ALK5阻害剤SD208及び100nMのT3を補充した、MCDB−131培地で、3日間処理した。
f.ステージ6(3〜15日間):ステージ5細胞を、ITS−Xの1:200希釈、4.5mMグルコース、1X GlutaMax(商標)、0.0015g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.25μM SANT−1、500nM ALK5阻害剤、50nM RA、0.25mMアスコルビン酸、及び10nM T3を補充した、MCDB−131培地で、3日間処理した。
用量依存様式でのT3は、HB9の発現を増強する
本実施例は、用量依存様式でのT3が、ステージ6でのNKX6.1の発現を維持する一方で、HB9の発現を増強するために使用してよいことを示す。ヒト胚性幹細胞株H1(継代40)の細胞を、10μMのY27632を補充した、mTeSR((登録商標))1培地中、MATRIGEL(商標)1:30希釈;BD Biosciences,NJ)−コートディッシュ上で、1×105細胞/cm2にて、単一細胞として播いた。播種の48時間後に、培養物は、不完全なPBS(Mg又はCaを含まないリン酸緩衝生理食塩水)中で洗浄した。培養液を次いで、以下に概要を記したプロトコールによって、膵臓内胚葉/内分泌前駆細胞の特徴であるマーカーを発現している細胞に分化した。
a.ステージ1(3日間):細胞を、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA(Proliant、カタログ番号68700)、0.0012g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム(Sigma−Aldrich、カタログ番号S3187)、1X GlutaMax(商標)(Invitrogen、カタログ番号35050−079)、4.5mM D−グルコース(Sigma−Aldrich、カタログ番号G8769)、100ng/ml GDF8(R&D Systems)及び1μM MCX化合物を補充した、MCDB−131培地(Invitrogen カタログ番号10372−019)中で1日間培養した。細胞を次いで、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.0012g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、1X GlutaMax(商標)、4.5mM D−グルコース、100ng/ml GDF8及び0.1μM MCX化合物を補充したMCDB−131培地中、さらに1日培養した。細胞を次いで、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.0012g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、1X GlutaMax(商標)、4.5mM D−グルコース及び100ng/ml GDF8を補充したMCDB−131培地中、さらに1日培養した。
b.ステージ2(2日間):ステージ1細胞を次いで、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.0012g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、1× GluatMaxTM、4.5mM D−グルコース、0.25mMアスコルビン酸(Sigma,MO)及び25ng/ml FGF7(R&D Systems,MN)を補充したMCDB−131培地で2日間処理した。
c.ステージ3(2日間)ステージ2細胞を次いで、ITS−X(Invitrogen,Ca)の1:200希釈、4.5mMグルコース、1X GlutaMax(商標)、0.0017g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.25μM SANT−1(Sigma、MO)、1μM RA(Sigma,MO)、25ng/ml FGF7、0.25mMアスコルビン酸、200nM TPB(PKCアクチベータ、カタログ番号565740、EMD Chemicals,Gibbstown,NJ)及び100nM LDN−193189(BMP受容体阻害剤、カタログ番号04−0019、Stemgent)を補充したMCDB−131培地で、2日間処理した。
d.ステージ4(3日間):ステージ3細胞を次いで、ITS−X(Invitrogen,CA)の1:200希釈、4.5mMグルコース、1X GlutaMax(商標)、0.0017g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.25μM SANT−1(Sigma、MO)、100nM RA、2ng/ml FGF7、100nM LDN−193189、0.25mMアスコルビン酸、及び100nM TPBを補充したMCDB−131培地で、3日間処理した。
e.ステージ5(3日間):ステージ4細胞を次いで、ITS−Xの1:200希釈、4.5mMグルコース、1X GlutaMax(商標)、0.0015g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.25μM SANT−1、50nM RA、0.25mMアスコルビン酸、1μM ALK5阻害剤SD208、及び0〜1000nM T3を補充した、MCDB−131培地で、3日間処理した。
f.ステージ6(6日間):ステージ5細胞を次いで、ITS−Xの1:200希釈、4.5mMグルコース、1X GlutaMax(商標)、0.0015g/ml重炭酸ナトリウム、2%脂肪酸フリーBSA、0.25μM SANT−1、500nM ALK5阻害剤、50nM RA、0.25mMアスコルビン酸、及び0〜1000nM T3を補充した、MCDB−131培地で、6日間処理した。
本発明は以下を提供する。
[1]
多能性幹細胞から膵臓内分泌細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞を産出する方法であって、
a.多能性幹細胞を培養することと、
b.多能性幹細胞を、前腸内胚葉細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞に分化させることと、
c.トリヨードチロニン、チロキシン、トリヨードチロニンの類似体、チロキシンの類似体及びその混合物から選択される甲状腺ホルモン、又はALK5阻害剤、又は甲状腺ホルモンとALK5阻害剤両方を補足した培地での処理によって、前腸内胚葉細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞を、膵臓内分泌細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞に分化させることと、の段階を含む方法。
[2]
得られる細胞の少なくとも10パーセントが、NKX6.1、PDX1及びHB9に対して陽性である、請求項1に記載の方法。
[3]
NKX6.1陽性膵臓内胚葉前駆細胞中のHB9の発現を増強する、請求項1に記載の方法。
[4]
NKX2.2の発現を減少させる、請求項1に記載の方法。
[5]
SOX2とアルブミン発現を抑制する、請求項1に記載の方法。
[6]
前記甲状腺ホルモンがトリヨードチロニンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
[7]
段階(c)が、トリヨードチロニンとALK5阻害剤を補足した培地中で培養することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
[8]
トリヨードチロニンとALK5阻害剤を補足した培地で培養されない細胞に対して、HB9発現を増強する、請求項7に記載の方法。
[9]
前記段階(c)の培地にさらに、SANT−1、レチノイン酸及びアスコルビン酸を補足する、請求項1に記載の方法。
[10]
段階(c)にさらに、トリヨードチロニンを補足した培地中、膵臓内胚葉/内分泌前駆細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞を培養することによる、膵臓内分泌細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞の形成が含まれる、請求項1に記載の方法。
[11]
前記培地にさらに、ALK5阻害剤を補足する、請求項10に記載の方法。
[12]
トリヨードチロニン、チロキシン、トリヨードチロニンの類似体、チロキシンの類似体及びその混合物から選択される甲状腺ホルモン、又はALK5阻害剤、又は甲状腺ホルモンとALK5阻害剤両方を補足した培地での処理によって、前腸内胚葉細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞を、膵臓内分泌細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞に分化させることを含む、膵臓内分泌細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞を産出する方法。
[13]
得られた細胞の少なくとも10パーセントが、NKX6.1、PDX1及びHB9に対して陽性である、請求項12に記載の方法。
[14]
NKX6.1陽性膵臓内胚葉前駆細胞中のHB9の発現を増強する、請求項12に記載の方法。
[15]
NKX2.2の発現を減少させる、請求項12に記載の方法。
[16]
SOX2及びアルブミン発現を抑制する、請求項12に記載の方法。
[17]
前記甲状腺ホルモンが、トリヨードチロニンである、請求項12に記載の方法。
[18]
トリヨードチロニンとALK5阻害剤を補足した培地中で培養することを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
[19]
トリヨードチロニンとALK5阻害剤を補足した培地で培養されない細胞と比較した時に、HB9発現を増強する、請求項18に記載の方法。
[20]
さらに、トリヨードチロニンを補足した培地中で、膵臓内胚葉/内分泌前駆細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞を培養することによる、膵臓内分泌細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞の形成が含まれる、請求項12に記載の方法。
[21]
前記培地にさらに、ALK5阻害剤を補足する、請求項20に記載の方法。
[22]
前記培地にさらに、BMP受容体阻害剤と、PKCアクチベータを補足する、請求項12に記載の方法。
[23]
トリヨードチロニンとALK5阻害剤を補足する培地中、膵臓前腸前駆細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞を培養することを含む、(a)HB9発現を増加させ、(b)SOX2とアルブミン発現を抑制する、方法。
[24]
トリヨードチロニンと、ALK5阻害剤を補足した培地中で前記細胞を培養することを含む、膵臓前腸前駆細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞、膵臓内胚葉/内分泌前駆細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞、又は膵臓内分泌細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞中の、グルカゴン、ソマトスタチン及びグレリンをダウンレギュレートする方法。
[25]
前記培地にさらに、SANT−1、レチノイン酸及びアスコルビン酸を補足する、請求項24に記載の方法。
[26]
前記細胞が、膵臓前腸前駆細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞であり、前記培地にさらに、FGF7を補足する、請求項25に記載の方法。
[27]
前記ALK5阻害剤が、ALK5阻害剤II、ALK5i、SD208、TGF−B阻害剤 SB431542、ITD−1、LY2109761、A83−01、LY2157299、TGF−β受容体inh V、TGF−β受容体inh I、TGF−β受容体inh IV、TGF−β受容体inh VII、TGF−β受容体inh VIII、TGF−β受容体inh II、TGF−β受容体inh VI、TGF−β受容体inh IIIからなる群から選択される、請求項8に記載の方法。
[28]
前記ALK5阻害剤が、ALK5阻害剤IIである、請求項27に記載の方法。
[29]
前記ALK5阻害剤が、ALK5阻害剤II、ALK5i、SD208、TGF−B阻害剤SB431542、ITD−1、LY2109761、A83−01、LY2157299、TGF−β受容体inh V、TGF−β受容体inh I、TGF−β受容体inh IV、TGF−β受容体inh VII、TGF−β受容体inh VIII、TGF−β受容体inh II、TGF−β受容体inh VI、TGF−β受容体inh IIIからなる群から選択される、請求項18に記載の方法。
[30]
前記ALK5阻害剤が、ALK5阻害剤IIである、請求項29に記載の方法。
[31]
前記BMP受容体阻害剤が、LDN−193189、Noggin及びChordinから選択され、前記PKCアクチベータが、TPB、PDBu、PMA及びILVから選択される、請求項22に記載の方法。
[32]
a.培養容器と、
b.大量の分化培地と、
c.多能性幹細胞から誘導した分化した細胞の集団であって、少なくとも10パーセントの前記分化した細胞が、PDX1、NKX6.1及びHB9を共発現する、分化した細胞の集団と、を含む多能性幹細胞から誘導した細胞を分化するためのインビトロ細胞培養。
[33]
前記分化培地が、トリヨードチロニン、チロキシン、トリヨードチロニンの類似体、チロキシンの類似体及びその混合物から選択される甲状腺ホルモン、又はALK5阻害剤、又は甲状腺ホルモンとALK5阻害剤両方を補足した増殖培地を含む、請求項32に記載の細胞培養液。
[34]
前記増殖培地が、MCDB131である、請求項33に記載の細胞培養。
[35]
前記分化した細胞が、膵臓内分泌細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞を含む、請求項32に記載の細胞培養。
[36]
前記増殖培地にさらに、1つ又は2つ以上の
a.MRT10又はシクロパミンから選択されるスムーズンド受容体阻害剤と、
b.SANT−1又はHPI−1から選択されるSHHシグナル伝達経路アゴニストと、
c.LDN−193189、Noggin又はChordinから選択されるBMP受容体阻害剤と、
d.TPB、PDBu、PMA及びILVから選択されるPKCアクチベータと、
e.FGF7又はFGF10から選択される線維芽細胞増殖因子と、
f.レチノイン酸と、
g.アスコルビン酸と、
h.ヘパリンと、
i.硫酸亜鉛と、が補足される、請求項33に記載の細胞培養液。
[37]
前記増殖培地にさらに、SANT−1、レチノイン酸及びアスコルビン酸を補足する、請求項36に記載の細胞培養液。
[38]
膵臓内分泌細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している分化した多能性幹細胞の集団を含むインビトロ細胞培養液であって、少なくとも10パーセントの前記細胞が、HB9、PDX1及びNKX6.1を発現する、インビトロ細胞培養液。
[39]
NKX6.1とPDX1両方を発現する前記細胞の少なくとも30パーセントが、HB9も発現する、請求項38に記載の細胞培養液。
[40]
NKX6.1とPDX1両方を発現する前記細胞の少なくとも50パーセントが、HB9も発現する、請求項38に記載の細胞培養液。
[41]
NKX6.1とPDX1両方を発現する前記細胞の少なくとも80パーセントが、HB9も発現する、請求項38に記載の細胞培養液。
[42]
膵臓内分泌細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している前記細胞が、インスリンを産出する、請求項1に記載の方法。
[43]
膵臓内分泌細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している前記細胞が、インスリンを産出する、請求項12に記載の方法。
[44]
前記分化した細胞が、β細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞を含む、請求項35に記載の細胞培養液。
[45]
前記分化した細胞が、インスリンを産出する、請求項44に記載の細胞培養液。
[46]
トリヨードチロニン、チロキシン、トリヨードチロニンの類似体、チロキシンの類似体及びその混合物から選択される甲状腺ホルモン、又はALK5阻害剤、又は甲状腺ホルモンとALK5阻害剤両方を補足した増殖培地中で、多能性幹細胞から誘導した細胞を培養することを含む、膵臓内分泌細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞を産出するための方法。
[47]
多能性幹細胞から誘導した細胞を、約3〜約9日間、前記増殖培地中で培養する、請求項46に記載の方法。
[48]
前記細胞を、甲状腺ホルモンを補足するが、ALK5阻害剤は補足しない第一増殖培地中、約2〜3日間培養し、続いて、得られた細胞集団を、甲状腺ホルモンとALK5阻害剤両方を補足した追加的増殖培地中、約3〜6日間培養する、請求項47に記載の方法。
[49]
前記細胞をさらに、前記甲状腺ホルモンを含むが、ALK5阻害剤を含まない培地中、約3日間培養する、請求項48に記載の方法。
[50]
前記甲状腺ホルモンが、トリヨードチロニンである、請求項48に記載の方法。
[51]
前記ALK5阻害剤が、ALK5阻害剤II、ALK5i、SD208、TGF−B阻害剤SB431542、ITD−1、LY2109761、A83−01、LY2157299、TGF−β受容体inh V、TGF−β受容体inh I、TGF−β受容体inh IV、TGF−β受容体inh VII、TGF−β受容体inh VIII、TGF−β受容体inh II、TGF−β受容体inh VI、TGF−β受容体inh IIIからなる群から選択される、請求項48に記載の方法。
[52]
膵臓内分泌細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している前記細胞が、インスリンを発現する、請求項46に記載の方法。
[53]
前記細胞を、トリヨードチロニン、チロキシン、トリヨードチロニンの類似体、チロキシンの類似体及びその混合物から選択される甲状腺ホルモン、又はALK5阻害剤、又は甲状腺ホルモンとALK5阻害剤両方を補足した増殖培地中で培養させることを含む、多能性幹細胞又はそれより誘導した細胞の分化を介して、β細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している細胞の収率を増加させるための方法。
[54]
前記甲状腺ホルモンが、トリヨードチロニンである、請求項53に記載の方法。
[55]
β細胞の特徴的なマーカーを発現している前記細胞が、インスリンを発現する、請求項54に記載の方法。
Claims (10)
- PDX1及びNKX6.1共発現ヒト細胞の集団中のHB9の発現を増強する方法であって、
十分な量のトリヨードチロニン(T3)とALK5阻害剤を含む培地中でヒト細胞の集団を処理することによるものであり、
前記ヒト細胞の集団は、膵臓前腸前駆細胞(ステージ4)、及び/又は膵臓内胚葉細胞/膵臓内分泌前駆細胞(ステージ5)、及び/又は膵臓内分泌細胞(ステージ6)を含み、
前記ヒト細胞の集団は、ヒト多能性幹細胞の分化により得られたものである、方法。 - 前記ヒト細胞の集団中のNKX2.2の発現を減少させる、及び/又はSOX2とアルブミン発現を抑制する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- PDX1及びNKX6.1共発現ヒト細胞の集団中のHB9の発現を増強する方法であって、
十分な量のトリヨードチロニン(T3)を含む培地中でヒト細胞の集団を処理することによるものであり、
前記ヒト細胞の集団は、前腸内胚葉細胞を含み、
前記ヒト細胞の集団は、ヒト多能性幹細胞の分化により得られたものである、方法。 - 前記培地がさらに、SANT−1、レチノイン酸、アスコルビン酸、BMP受容体阻害剤、及びPKCアクチベータの1つ以上で補充されている、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記BMP受容体阻害剤がLDN−193189、Noggin及びChordinから選択される、及び/又は前記PKCアクチベータがTPB、PDBu、PMA及びILVから選択される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 膵臓内分泌細胞の形成が含まれ、
前記膵臓内分泌細胞が、NGN3、NeuroD1、ISL1、PDX1、NKX6.1、PAX4、ARX、NKX2.2及びPAX6の1つ以上を発現する、
請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - (a)ヒト多能性幹細胞を培養する工程と、
(b)前記ヒト多能性幹細胞を(i)アクチビンA及びWnt3A、又は(ii)GDF−8と14−プロパ−2−エン−1−イル−3,5,7,14,17,23,27−ヘプタアザテトラシクロ[19.3.1.1〜2,6〜.1〜8,12〜]ヘプタコサ−1(25)、2(27)、3,5,8(26)、9,11,21,23−ノネン−16−オンで処理することにより、前記ヒト多能性幹細胞を、胚体内胚葉系統細胞に分化させる工程と、
(c)前記胚体内胚葉系統細胞をFGF7とアスコルビン酸で処理することにより、前記胚体内胚葉系統細胞を、腸管細胞に分化させる工程と、
(d)前記腸管細胞を(1)SANT−1、レチノイン酸、及びnoggin、又は(2)FGF−7、レチノイン酸、SANT−1、PKCアクチベータ、BMP阻害剤、及びアスコルビン酸で処理することにより、前記腸管細胞を、前腸内胚葉細胞に分化させる工程と、
をさらに含み、
前記胚体内胚葉系統細胞が以下のマーカー:FOXA2、GATA4、SOX17、CXCR4、Brachyury、Cerberus、OTX2、グーセコイド、C−Kit、CD99及びMIXL1の少なくとも1つを発現し、
前記前腸内胚葉細胞が以下のマーカー:PDX1、FOXA2、CDX2、SOX2及びHNF4αの少なくとも1つを発現する、
請求項1又は2に記載の方法。 - 前記ヒト細胞の集団はヒト膵臓前腸前駆細胞を含み、
SOX2とアルブミン発現が、T3とALK5阻害剤を補充した培地中での前記膵臓前腸前駆細胞の分化の間に抑制され、
前記膵臓前腸前駆細胞がPDX1、NKX6.1、HNF6、NGN3、SOX9、PAX4、PAX6、ISL1、ガストリン、FOXA2、PTF1a、PROX1及びHNF4αの1つ以上を発現する、
請求項2に記載の方法。 - 前記ALK5阻害剤が、ALK5阻害剤II、ALK5i、SD208、TGF−B阻害剤 SB431542、TTD−I、LY2109761、A83−01、LY2157299、TGF−β受容体inh V、TGF−β受容体inh I、TGF−β受容体inh IV、TGF−β受容体inh VII、TGF−β受容体inh VIII、TGF−β受容体inh II、TGF−β受容体inh VI、TGF−β受容体inh IIIからなる群から選択される、又は前記ALK5阻害剤が、ALK5阻害剤IIである、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記膵臓内分泌細胞が、インスリンを産出する、請求項1〜2、及び6〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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