JP5280401B2 - 抗体含有溶液製剤 - Google Patents
抗体含有溶液製剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5280401B2 JP5280401B2 JP2010113308A JP2010113308A JP5280401B2 JP 5280401 B2 JP5280401 B2 JP 5280401B2 JP 2010113308 A JP2010113308 A JP 2010113308A JP 2010113308 A JP2010113308 A JP 2010113308A JP 5280401 B2 JP5280401 B2 JP 5280401B2
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- Prior art keywords
- antibody
- addition
- sucrose
- containing solution
- aggregates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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Description
(1)安定化剤として糖類を含む抗体含有溶液製剤。
(2)安定化剤として界面活性剤をさらに含む(1)記載の溶液製剤。
(3)糖類が、糖アルコール、非還元オリゴ糖類である(1)または(2)記載の溶液製剤。
(4)糖類が、非還元オリゴ糖類である(1)または(2)記載の溶液製剤。
(5)糖類が、マンニトール、スクロース、トレハロース、またはラフィノースである(1)または(2)記載の溶液製剤。
(6)糖がスクロース、トレハロース、またはラフィノースである(1)または(2)記載の溶液製剤。
(7)糖がスクロースまたはトレハロースである(1)または(2)記載の溶液製剤。
(8)糖がスクロースである(1)または(2)記載の溶液製剤。
(9)界面活性剤がポリソルベート80又は20である(2)〜(8)のいずれかに記載の溶液製剤。
(10)抗体が、組換え抗体である(1)〜(9)のいずれかに記載の溶液製剤。
(11)抗体が、キメラ抗体、ヒト型化抗体またはヒト抗体である(10)に記載の溶液製剤。
(12)抗体が、IgGクラスの抗体である(1)〜(11)のいずれかに記載の溶液製剤
。
(13)IgGクラスの抗体がIgG1クラスの抗体である(12)に記載の溶液製剤。
(14)抗体が、抗インターロイキン−6レセプター抗体または抗HM1.24抗体である(1)〜(13)のいずれかに記載の溶液製剤。
(15)溶液中に糖類を添加することを含む、抗体含有溶液製剤中の抗体会合体分子の生成を抑制する方法。
(16)溶液中に非還元オリゴ糖類を添加することを含む、抗体含有溶液の凍結融解時における抗体会合体分子の生成を抑制する方法。
(17)溶液中に非還元二糖類または非還元三糖類を添加することを含む、抗体含有溶液の凍結融解時における抗体会合体分子の生成を抑制する方法。
(18)界面活性剤を加することを含む、抗体含有溶液の凍結融解時における不溶性微粒子の生成を抑制する方法。
(19)非還元糖類及び界面活性剤を添加することを含む、抗体含有溶液の凍結融解時における抗体の安定化方法。
試験法に定めるように、10μm以上の微粒子性の不溶性異物をいう。不溶性微粒子の測定には顕微鏡、不溶性微粒子捕集用濾過器及び測定用メンブランフィルターを用いるが、簡便には光遮へい型自動微粒子測定装置によって測定することもできる。
ば、これを所望の抗体定常領域(C領域)をコードするDNA と連結し、これを発現ベクタ
ーへ組み込む。または、抗体のV 領域をコードするDNA を、抗体C 領域のDNA を含む発現ベクターへ組み込んでもよい。発現制御領域、例えば、エンハンサー、プロモーターの制御のもとで発現するよう発現ベクターに組み込む。次に、この発現ベクターにより宿主細胞を形質転換し、抗体を発現させることができる。
えばマウス抗体の相補性決定領域(CDR; complementarity determining region)をヒト
抗体の相補性決定領域へ移植したものであり、その一般的な遺伝子組換え手法も知られている。具体的には、マウス抗体のCDR とヒト抗体のフレームワーク領域(framework region;FR)を連結するように設計したDNA 配列を、末端部にオーバーラップする部分を有するように作製した数個のオリゴヌクレオチドからPCR 法により合成する。得られたDNA をヒト抗体定常領域をコードするDNA と連結し、次いで発現ベクターに組み込んで、これを宿主に導入し産生させることにより得られる(欧州特許出願公開番号EP 239400 、国際特許出願公開番号WO 96/02576 参照)。CDR を介して連結されるヒト抗体のFRは、相補性決定領域が良好な抗原結合部位を形成するものが選択される。必要に応じ、再構成ヒト抗体の相補性決定領域が適切な抗原結合部位を形成するように抗体の可変領域のフレームワーク領域のアミノ酸を置換してもよい(Sato, K.et al., Cancer Res. (1993) 53, 851-856)。
腺ホルモン関連ペプチド抗体(抗PTHrP抗体)(国際特許出願公開番号WO98−13388を参照)などが本発明で使用する好ましい抗体としてあげられる。
い。
本発明の抗体含有溶液あるいは溶液製剤では、糖類を添加することにより凍結融解段階の二量体生成を抑制することができる。該糖類としては、スクロース、トレハロース等の非還元二糖類、ラフィノース等の非還元三糖類などの非還元オリゴ糖類などを使用できるが、特に、非還元オリゴ糖類が好ましい。非還元オリゴ糖類では、非還元二糖類が好ましく、さらにスクロース、トレハロースが好ましい。
本発明では、界面活性剤を添加することにより、抗体含有溶液製剤の凍結融解時における不溶性微粒子の生成を極めて顕著に抑制することができる。界面活性剤としては、非イオン界面活性剤、例えばソルビタンモノカプリレート、ソルビタンモノラウレート、ソルビタンモノパルミテート等のソルビタン脂肪酸エステル;グリセリンモノカプリレート、グリセリンモノミリテート、グリセリンモノステアレート等のグリセリン脂肪酸エステル;デカグリセリルモノステアレート、デカグリセリルジステアレート、デカグリセリルモノリノレート等のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル;ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノラウレート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノオレエート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノステアレート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノパルミテート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタントリオレエート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタントリステアレート等のポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル;ポリオキシエチレンソルビットテトラステアレート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビットテトラオレエート等のポリオキシエチレンソルビット脂肪酸エステル;ポリオキシエチレングリセリルモノステアレート等のポリオキシエチレングリセリン脂肪酸エステル;ポリエチレングリコールジステアレート等のポリエチレングリコール脂肪酸エステル;ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル等のポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル;ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレングリコール、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンプロピルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンセチルエーテル等のポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンアルキルエーテル;ポリオキシエチエレンノニルフェニルエーテル等のポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル;ポリオキシエチレンヒマシ油、ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油(ポリオキシエチレン水素ヒマシ油)等のポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油;ポリオキシエチレンソルビットミツロウ等のポリオキシエチレンミツロウ誘導体;ポリオキシエチレンラノリン等のポリオキシエチレンラノリン誘導体;ポリオキシエチレンステアリン酸アミド等のポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸アミド等のHLB6〜18を有するもの;陰イオン界面活性剤、例えばセチル硫酸ナトリウム、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、オレイル硫酸ナトリウム等の炭素原子数10〜18のアルキル基を有するアルキル硫酸塩;ポリオキシエチレンラウリ
ル硫酸ナトリウム等の、エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数が2〜4でアルキル基の炭素原子数が10〜18であるポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル硫酸塩;ラウリルスルホコハク酸エステルナトリウム等の、アルキル基の炭素原子数が8〜18のアルキルスルホコハク酸エステル塩;天然系の界面活性剤、例えばレシチン、グリセロリン脂質;スフィンゴミエリン等のフィンゴリン脂質;炭素原子数12〜18の脂肪酸のショ糖脂肪酸エステル等を典型的例として挙げることができる。本発明の製剤には、これらの界面活性剤の1種または2種以上を組み合わせて添加することができる。本発明の溶液製剤で使用する好ましい界面活性剤は、ポリソルベート20,40,60又は80などのポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルであり、ポリソルベート20及び80が特に好ましい。また、ポロキサマー(プルロニックF−68(登録商標)など)に代表されるポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレングリコールも好ましい。
本発明の抗体製剤のpHは、好ましくはpH4〜8であり、さらに好ましくはpH5〜
7であり、さらに好ましくはpH6〜6.5である。しかしながら、pHは含まれる抗体
により異なり、これらに限定されるものではない。
抗IL−6レセプターヒト型化抗体としてhPM−1抗体を使用した。hPM−1抗体は国際特許出願公開番号WO92/19759号公報の実施例10に記載されたヒトエロンゲーションファクターIαプロモーターを利用し、特開平8−99902号公報の参考例2に記載された方法に準じて作成したhPM−1ヒト型化抗体である。
体という)を用いた。
試験方法
(A)hPM-1抗体に関する試験
(1)ゲル濾過クロマトグラフィー(GPC)
1mL中にhPM-1約1mg相当量を含むように試料を移動相で希釈し、30〜60μLにつき、以下のHPLC条件で試験を行う。
ガードカラム:TSK guard column SWXL(TOSOH)
カラム温度:25℃付近の一定温度
移動相:50mMリン酸緩衝液(pH7.0)−300mM塩化ナトリウム
流速:約1.0mL/min
測定波長:280nm
ピーク面積を自動積分法により測定し、hPM-1含量をhPM-1標準品ピーク面積より算出し、Initial評価結果よりhPM-1残存率を以下の式を用いて算出した。
日局・一般試験法・注射剤の不溶性微粒子試験法・光遮へい型自動微粒子測定装置による方法に準じる。
(3)検査機による目視検査
日局・一般試験法・注射剤の不溶性異物検査法に準じ、検査機による目視検査を実施した。
(B)抗HM1.24抗体に関する試験
(1)ゲル濾過クロマトグラフィー(GPC);N=3で測定し、含量についてはInitial品に
対する残存率(%)を指標とし、会合体及び分解物はパーセント表示を行った。
ガードカラム:TSK guard column SWXL(TOSOH)
カラム温度:25℃付近の一定温度
移動相:50mMリン酸緩衝液(pH7.0)−300mM塩化ナトリウム
流速:約0.5mL/min
測定波長:280nm
濃度算出方法
界面活性剤(ポリソルベート80)が熱安定性及び凍結融解に及ぼす影響を試験した。表1に示す種々の濃度のポリソルベート80を含む試料を調製して以下の試験を行った。
(1)熱加速(50℃-2W)における安定性を、ゲル濾過クロマトグラフ(GPC)により測
定し、hPM-1残存率、会合体及び分解物の生成量を評価した。また、光遮へい型自動微粒
子測定装置(HIAC)により測定し、1mLあたりの不溶性微粒子数を評価した。
(2)凍結融解(-20℃で3日保存後、5℃で1日、このサイクルを3回繰り返す)における
安定性を、ゲル濾過クロマトグラフ(GPC)により測定し、hPM-1残存率、会合体及び分解物の生成量を評価した。また、光遮へい型自動微粒子測定装置(HIAC)により測定し、1mLあたりの不溶性微粒子数を評価した。
実施例2:界面活性剤の添加効果(2)
界面活性剤(ポリソルベート80)が凍結融解及び振とうに及ぼす影響を試験した。表2に示す種々の濃度のポリソルベート80を含む試料を調製して以下の試験を行った。
安定性を、光遮へい型自動微粒子測定装置(HIAC)により測定し、1mLあたりの不溶性微
粒子数を評価した。また、検査機による目視検査を実施し、不溶性異物の有無を評価した。
実施例3:糖の添加効果
糖添加が凍結融解に及ぼす影響を試験した。表3に示す種々の糖(スクロース、マンニトール、トレハロース)を含む試料を調製し、凍結融解(-20℃で2時間保存後、5℃で2時間、このサイクルを22回繰り返す)における安定性を、ゲル濾過クロマトグラフ(GPC)
により測定し、二量体の生成量を評価した。
実施例4:スクロースが熱安定性及び凍結融解に及ぼす影響
スクロースが熱安定性及び凍結融解に及ぼす影響を試験した。表4に示す種々の濃度のスクロースを含む試料を調製して以下の試験を行った。
(1)熱加速(50℃-2W)における安定性を、ゲル濾過クロマトグラフ(GPC)により測
定し、hPM-1残存率、会合体及び分解物の生成量を評価した。また、光遮へい型自動微粒
子測定装置(HIAC)により測定し、1mLあたりの不溶性微粒子数を評価した。
(2)凍結融解(-20℃で3日保存後、5℃で1日、このサイクルを3回繰り返す)における
安定性を、ゲル濾過クロマトグラフ(GPC)により測定し、hPM-1残存率、会合体及び分解物の生成量を評価した。また、光遮へい型自動微粒子測定装置(HIAC)により測定し、1mLあたりの不溶性微粒子数を評価した。
た、試験したスクロースの添加濃度による安定性に差は認められなかった。
実施例5:抗体濃度の影響
hPM-1濃度が熱安定性に及ぼす影響を試験した。表5に示す種々の濃度のhPM-1を含む試料を調製して以下の試験を行った。
、hPM-1残存率、会合体及び分解物の生成量を評価した。また、光遮へい型自動微粒子測
定装置(HIAC)により測定し、1mLあたりの不溶性微粒子数を評価した。
実施例6:リン酸緩衝液濃度の影響
リン酸緩衝液濃度が熱安定性に及ぼす影響を試験した。表5に示す種々の濃度のリン酸緩衝液を含む試料を調製して以下の試験を行った。
装置(HIAC)により測定し、1mLあたりの不溶性微粒子数を評価した。
実施例7:糖の添加効果
抗HM1.24抗体濃度2.5〜10mg/mLの範囲での糖(スクロース又はマンニトール)添加効果を確認するため熱安定性試験を実施した。低濃度、高濃度の抗HM1.24抗体製剤に種々の濃度の糖を添加した試料(1mL充填/5mLバイアル)を調製し、種々の保存条件(60℃-1W、50℃-3M、5℃-6M、Initial)における残存率(%)、会合体(%)、分解物(%)を求めた。
び会合体生成量、分解物生成量の低下が確認された。また、60℃-1W加速品においても会
合体生成量の低下が確認された。また、50℃−3Mにおける糖の添加効果では、抗体の残存率においてマンニトールよりもスクロースで顕著に添加効果が確認された。なお、会合化抑制の観点では、マンニトールにおいても添加効果が確認されている。
実施例8:糖添加効果
スクロースの添加効果をさらに種々の添加量で試験した。表11に示す試料を調製し、50℃-1Mで保存した後、GPCで抗体モノマー残存率,会合体量を測定した。得られた結果を表12に示す。
実施例9:糖類の添加効果(凍結融解試験)
糖類(非還元二糖類、非還元三糖類)の添加が凍結融解時及ぼす影響を試験した。表13に示す糖類を含む試料を調製して、以下に示す条件で凍結融解試験を実施した。
実施例10:糖類の添加効果(熱苛酷試験)
糖類(非還元二糖類、非還元三糖類)の添加が熱負荷時に及ぼす影響を試験した。表14、表15に示す糖類を含む試料を調製して、以下に示す条件で熱苛酷試験を実施した。
スクロース、トレハロース)の添加により顕著に抑制されることが明らかとなった。
元二糖類(スクロース、トレハロース)の添加により顕著に抑制されることが明らかとなった。
実施例11:糖の添加効果(光加速試験)
糖類(非還元二糖類、非還元三糖類)の添加が熱負荷時に及ぼす影響を試験した。表16、表17に示す糖類を含む試料を調製して、以下に示す条件で光加速試験を実施した。
きることが明らかとなった。
実施例12:界面活性剤種の添加効果
界面活性剤種が凍結融解に及ぼす影響を試験した。表18に示す界面活性剤を含む試料を調製して以下の試験を行った。
遮へい型自動微粒子測定装置(HIAC)により測定し、1mLあたりの微粒子数を評価した。
、凍結融解での不溶性微粒子の生成を顕著に抑制することが確認された。
Claims (3)
- 溶液中にスクロース又はトレハロースを添加することを含む、抗体含有溶液製剤の安定化方法であって、
安定化方法が、凍結融解時の抗体含有溶液製剤中の抗体二量体の生成を抑制する方法であること、
抗体含有溶液製剤が、製造過程に凍結乾燥工程を含まないで製造された溶液製剤であること、及び、
抗体が、免疫グロブリンクラスがIgGである抗インターロイキン−6レセプターモノクローナル抗体であること
を特徴とする方法。 - 抗体含有溶液製剤のpHが6.0〜6.5である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- さらに界面活性剤を添加することを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
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