JP5153989B2 - 双峰性ポリエチレン組成物及び該組成物から製造される製品 - Google Patents
双峰性ポリエチレン組成物及び該組成物から製造される製品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5153989B2 JP5153989B2 JP2003521716A JP2003521716A JP5153989B2 JP 5153989 B2 JP5153989 B2 JP 5153989B2 JP 2003521716 A JP2003521716 A JP 2003521716A JP 2003521716 A JP2003521716 A JP 2003521716A JP 5153989 B2 JP5153989 B2 JP 5153989B2
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Description
ポリエチレン管の長期間の耐久性は、環境応力亀裂、すなわち、管に加えられる内圧が長期間にわたり管への円周方向における引張応力として働く場合に惹起される亀裂に対する抵抗により決定されるものと考えられる。従って、ポリエチレン管の長期間の耐久性を改善するために、環境(引張)応力亀裂抵抗を改善することが必要である。
「均質なポリマー」なる用語は、本明細書中で、比較的に狭い分子量分布を有する重合生成物であって、実質的の同じ分子量を有する鎖のコモノマー含量が鎖から鎖までで実質的に変化しないこと、換言すれば、ポリマーが所定の分子量の鎖内で比較的に均等なコモノマーの配列(sequencing)を示すことを示している、重合生成物をいうように用いる。
組成物の分子量分布Mw/Mnは、好ましくは、20より小さく、より好ましくは、19より小さいか又はそれに等しく、最も好ましくは、18より小さいか又はそれに等しく、とりわけ、17.5より小さいか又はそれに等しく、そして最もとりわけ、約10〜約17.5の範囲にある。ある態様において、組成物全体のMWDは、10より小さく、例えば、約5、約7、又は約9である。これに代えて、組成物は、好ましくは、22.5より小さいか又はそれに等しく、より好ましくは、22より小さいか又はそれに等しく、最も好ましくは、21より小さいか又はそれに等しく及びとりわけ、20より小さいか又はそれに等しいI21.6/I5比を有していると特徴付けられる。
好ましくは、各成分のMWDは、単峰性であり、そしてより好ましくは、単峰性且つ識別可能である。好ましくは、HMW成分とLMW成分とのモル重量の比Mw H/Mw Lは、約1.3又はそれより大きい。
5,089,321号に記載の方法及びJ.C.Randall,Rev.Macromol.Chem.Phys.,C29,p.201-317(これらの4つ全ての開示を参考までに本明細書に引用する)による方法に従って13CNMR分析を用いて測定する。
−1≦{logMp(T1)−logMp(T2)}/(T1−T2)≦0.005 (I)
上記式中、T1及びT2は、前記第一の温度と前記第二の温度との間の範囲内における2つの異なる任意の抽出温度T(℃)であり、そして
Mp(T1)及びMp(T2)は、それぞれ、前記の近似直線上でT1及びT2に対応する分子量である。
ある態様において、クロス分画クロマトグラフィー(CFC)は、CFC T−150A(三菱化学株式会社(Mitsubishi Kagaku Corp.)、日本により製造及び販売されている)を用いて行う。CFCによる測定は、以下のように実施する:サンプル20mgを温度140℃を有するジクロロベンゼン20mL中に溶解させ、それによりサンプルの溶液を得る。次いで、得られた溶液5mLをガラスビーズを満たしたTREF(昇温溶離分画)カラムに加え、そしてこの溶液を1℃/分の速度で0℃まで冷却する。引き続き、この溶液を、1℃/分の速度で溶液の温度を上げるように加熱し、それによってコポリマー画分を抽出する。次いで、この抽出したコポリマー画分を、GPCカラム・ショーデックス(Shodex)AD806MS(昭和電工株式会社(Showa Denko K.K.)、日本により製造及び販売されている)を用いてゲル透過クロマトグラフィーに付した後、ニコレット・マグナ(Nicolet Magna)−IR分光計550(ニコレット社(Nicolet Co.,Ltd.)、米国により製造及び販売されている)を用いたフーリエ変換赤外分光法(FT−IR)に付す。
−0.5≦{logMp(T1)−logMp(T2)}/(T1−T2)≦0.007;又は
−0.1≦{logMp(T1)−logMp(T2)}/(T1−T2)≦0.01;又は
−0.08≦{logMp(T1)−logMp(T2)}/(T1−T2)≦0.02;
上記式中、T1、T2、Mp(T1)及びMp(T2)は、式(I)に定義した通りである。
log(Mt)−log(Mc)≦0.5 (II)
上記式中、Mtは、分子量分布プロフィールが最大強度を有するピークを示す分子量分布プロフィール上の分子量の点であり、そしてMcは、分子量分布プロフィール上の分子量の任意の点である。
{C(Mc1)−C(Mc2)}/(logMc1−logMc2) (III)
上記式中、Mc1及びMc2は、前記式(II)を満たす分子量の2つの異なる任意の点(Mc)であり、そして
C(Mc1)及びC(Mc2)は、それぞれ、近似直線上のMc1及びMc2に対応するコモノマー含量である。
式(III)に定義したコモノマー分布傾きは、範囲外の他の値も可能であるが、約0.0001〜約0.1、約0.0005〜約0.05、又は約0.001〜約0.02の範囲であることができる。
最も好ましくは、各反応器中への別々の注入によるか又は第一の反応器中への注入によるかに拘わらず、得られる組成物は、識別可能な、単峰性の分子量分布を有する成分ポリマー(polymers)を含んでいると特徴付けられる。
シーケンシャル重合とは別に、新規組成物は、ドライブレンディング法、タンブルブレンディング法又は押出し(extrusion)ブレンディング法を用いて単一反応器(single-reactor)又は複数反応器成分ポリマーから製造することもできる。
Mホ゜リエチレン=A×(Mホ゜リスチレン)B
上記式中、Mは分子量であり、Aは値0.4316を有しており及びBは1.0に等しい。分子量計算はヴィスコテック・トリセック・ソフトウェア(Viscoteck TriSEC software)を用いて行った。
「NORMDIST(xは標準偏差(standard_dev)を意味する、累積的(cumulative))」を用いて計算する。
x=μj+(k−10)*μμj/3
平均=μj
標準偏差=μj
累積的=真(TRUE)
新規組成物は、吹込成形品(とりわけ、高いトップロード性能を有すると特徴付けられる吹込成形品)及び水及びガス用の輸送管又は分配管、とりわけ、PE100性能等級を実質的に超える管を二次加工する(fabricating)のにとりわけ有用である。換言すれば、新規組成物は、管の耐用年数を増加させるために用いることができる。米国特許第6,204,349号;第6,191,227号;第5,908, 679号;第5,683,767号;第5,417,561号,及び第5,290,498号は、本発明の態様に用いることができる管の製造法及び種々の管を開示している。従って、前記全ての特許の開示全体を参考までに引用する。
小型パイロットスラリー二重(dual)反応器は、10リットルの容量を有しており、そして液体レベル約70(容量)%で運転し、そしてライトニン(Lightnin)A310ミキシングブレードを用いて1000rpmで攪拌した。反応器の温度は、ジャケット冷却により一定に保ち、そしてコモノマーが全ての場合に1−ブテンであるコモノマー添加により密度を制御しながら水素添加によってメルトインデックスを制御した。全ての供給流を液相中で浸漬管脚(dip pipe leg)を通して供給し均質混合を可能にした。希釈剤はヘキサンであった。
耐用年数の違いを述べるために、代数方程式を開発した。比較試験の耐用年数t1に対して、本発明実施例の耐用年数t2は、以下のように所定のT(ケルビン)においてより長かった:
好ましくは、logt2≧1.0607×logt1+2.324−707/T 式(1)
より好ましくは、logt2≧1.0607×logt1+3.221−971/T 式(2)
最も好ましくは、logt2≧1.0607×logt1+3.649−1098/T 式(3)
フープ応力の比較のために、ヨーロッパ基準ISO/DIS4437に従ったPE100圧力要件を表9に示す。上記クリープ破壊耐用年数データに加えて、表10は、本発明実施例が、32mmSDR11の管サンプルの静水耐圧力をISO1167に従って測定した場合に優れたフープ応力も示すことを示している。従って、本発明実施例がPE100圧力管に対する標準要件をはるかに超えていることが表8〜10より明らかである。
粘度は、振動モードで190℃においてレオメトリクス(Rheometrics)質量分析計(RMS)を用いて測定した。
これらのデータからの回帰分析は、50年間の耐用年数に対して20℃で12.5MPaを超える破壊応力を予測しそしてそれによってPE125圧力クラスの性能を表す、本発明実施例7に対して下記の指数方程式(power law equation)を与えた:応力=13.4*時間-0.005、式中の応力はMPa及び時間は時。
比較試験5は、2つの反応器スラリー重合系の第一の反応器の直後に取った生成物サンプルであった。比較試験5は、高密度の生成物、低分子量の生成物であり、そしてI2メルトインデックス118g/10分及び密度0.9720g/cm3を有していた。
表19は、比較試験8の本発明試験9に対する比較において、LMW成分を広いMWDから狭いMWDに変化させる(HMW成分が広いMWDを有している場合)ことは、Gcを14.8kJ/m2から24.1kJ/m2まで驚くほどに増加させること、及びTdbが−12℃から−35℃まで低下することを明確に示している。さらに、本発明試験10の本発明試験11に対する比較において、LMW成分を広いMWDから狭いMWDに変化させる(HMW成分が広いMWDを有している場合)ことは、Gcを24kJ/m2から38.9kJ/m2まで増加させること、及びTdbが−17℃から−45℃まで低下することを示している。
Claims (23)
- 低分子量(LMW)エチレンホモポリマー成分及び均質な高分子量(HMW)エチレンインターポリマー成分を含むポリエチレン組成物であって、前記LMW成分が、ASTM D−1238(コンディション2.16kg/190℃)に従って測定した場合に30〜2000g/10分の範囲のI 2 値を有し、かつ、8より小さい分子量分布MWD L を有し、前記HMW成分が、ASTM D−1238(コンディション21.6kg/190℃)に従って測定した場合に0.1〜1.0g/10分の範囲のI 21.6 値を有し、かつ、3より小さい分子量分布MWD H を有していることを特徴とし、及び前記ポリエチレン組成物が、双峰性の分子量分布及び−20℃より低い延性−脆性転移温度Tdbを有し、かつ、2.4MPa及び80℃において110,000分又はそれより大きいPENT(ペンシルベニア・ノッチ試験)耐用年数を有していることを特徴とする前記ポリエチレン組成物。
- 前記LMW成分が0.965g/cm3より大きい密度を有している、請求項1に記載のポリエチレン組成物。
- 前記LMW成分がASTM D−1238(コンディション2.16kg/190℃)に従って測定した場合に40〜1000g/10分の範囲のI2値を有している、請求項1に記載のポリエチレン組成物。
- 前記LMW成分がASTM D−1238(コンディション2.16kg/190℃)に従って測定した場合に50〜150g/10分の範囲のI 2 値を有している、請求項1に記載のポリエチレン組成物。
- 前記ポリエチレン組成物が30又はそれより小さいMw/Mn比によって定義される分子量分布(MWD)を有していることを特徴とし、及び前記HMW成分が実質的に均一なコモノマー分布又は逆転コモノマー分布を有していることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のポリエチレン組成物。
- 前記HMW成分が、300,000g/モルより大きいか又はそれと等しいMwを有するインターポリマー画分のモルコモノマー含量が100,000g/モルより小さいか又はそれと等しいMwを有するインターポリマー画分のモルコモノマー含量より少なくとも25パーセント高いことを特徴とする逆転コモノマー分布を有している、請求項5に記載の組成物。
- 前記Tdb が−25℃より低い、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記Tdb が−30℃より低い、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記Tdb が−40℃より低い、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記Tdb が−50℃より低い、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物の分子量分布Mw/Mnが、ゲル透過クロマトグラフィーを用いて測定した場合に20より小さいか又はそれと等しい、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物がASTM D−1238(コンディション21.6kg/190℃及び5kg/190℃)に従って測定した場合に、22.5より小さいか又はそれと等しいI21.6/I5比を有していることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物がASTM D−1238(コンディション21.6kg/190℃)に従って測定した場合に、3g/10分から12g/10分までの範囲のI21.6を有していることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物がASTM D−1238(コンディション21.6kg/190℃)に従って測定した場合に、12g/10分から50g/10分より小さい値までの範囲のI21.6を有していることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物がASTM D−1238(コンディション5kg/190℃)に従って測定した場合に、0.1g/10分から2g/10分までの範囲のI5を有していることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物が0.938g/cm3より大きい密度を有していることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記HMW化合物が逆転コモノマー分布を有していることを特徴としている、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物のMw/Mn が25又はそれより小さい、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物のMw/Mn が5〜20である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の組成物から造られた製造物である製品。
- 前記製品が配水管である、請求項20に記載の製品。
- 前記製品がガス管である、請求項20に記載の製品。
- パイプの耐用年数を増すための請求項1から19のいずれかに記載の組成物の使用。
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US (6) | US6787608B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1417260B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP5153989B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR20080077284A (ja) |
CN (2) | CN1301292C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE301163T1 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR0211959A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2459552C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60205387T2 (ja) |
MX (1) | MXPA04001496A (ja) |
PL (1) | PL203864B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003016396A1 (ja) |
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