JP4529952B2 - 車両用電気系の管理方法 - Google Patents
車両用電気系の管理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4529952B2 JP4529952B2 JP2006168703A JP2006168703A JP4529952B2 JP 4529952 B2 JP4529952 B2 JP 4529952B2 JP 2006168703 A JP2006168703 A JP 2006168703A JP 2006168703 A JP2006168703 A JP 2006168703A JP 4529952 B2 JP4529952 B2 JP 4529952B2
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- power
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- battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- B60L15/2045—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for optimising the use of energy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/46—Series type
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- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
- B60L50/62—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L58/25—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by controlling the electric load
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
- B60L7/12—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by dc motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/10—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
- B60T13/58—Combined or convertible systems
- B60T13/585—Combined or convertible systems comprising friction brakes and retarders
- B60T13/586—Combined or convertible systems comprising friction brakes and retarders the retarders being of the electric type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/13—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
- Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
- Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
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Description
この実施例の車両用電源装置を備えた車両の電気系を示すブロック図を図1に示す。
次に、電源制御手段105により実施される上記電気系の電力管理について図2に示すフ説明図を参照して説明する。この電力管理は、電力発生管理と、電力消費管理とからなる。電力発生管理は、電力供給を行う複数の供給元から実際の供給元およびその発生電力(供給電力)の大きさを決定(配分)し、それを電力を供給する供給元に指令する作業である。
更にいえば、発電によりエンジン動作点が移動しエンジン効率もそれに応じて変化する。エンジン効率が悪い時に発電すればエンジン自体の効率の悪さで発電コストも悪化するが、発電しないときよりエンジン効率が向上する分のメリットがある。逆にエンジン効率が良いときに更に発電すると、エンジン効率向上分のメリットはないが、エンジン効率自体が良いというメリットがある。この効果を考慮するため、発電に伴い移動するエンジン各動作点での燃料消費量に着目し、発電電力コストを算出する。例えば発電無し走行に必要なエンジン動作点α(エンジン回転数1500rpm、エンジントルク50Nm)におけるエンジン効率が300g/kWh、発電に必要な動力分を加味したエンジン動作点β(エンジン回転数1500rpm、エンジントルク70Nm)におけるエンジン効率が280g/kWhの場合、発電に使われるエンジン動力分は1500rpm*2π/60*20Nm=3.1kWとなり、燃料増加分は、0.280*(1500rpm*2π/60*70Nm)−0.300*(1500rpm*2π/60*50Nm)=722g/hとなる。従って、発電用エンジン動力1kW当たりの燃料は233g/kWhとなる。更に発電機効率を考慮すると、発電時に効率0.8の場合の発電電力コストは、291g/kWhと簡単に換算できる。
Claims (8)
- エンジン駆動の発電機を含む複数の電力エネルギー供給元から車載の電気負荷およびバッテリに給電する車両用電気系の管理方法であって、
前記各電力エネルギー供給元の単位エネルギユニット当たりのコストである電力コストに基づいて、前記単位エネルギユニットを前記バッテリに充電するのに要する前記電力コストに関する情報を前記単位エネルギユニットとともにテーブルに記憶し、前記単位エネルギユニットだけ前記バッテリから放電する際に最も古い前記単位エネルギユニットに関する前記情報を前記単位エネルギユニットとともに前記テーブルから削除し、前記テーブルに現在記憶する複数の前記単位エネルギユニットをバッテリのSOCとし、前記テーブルに現在記憶する前記単位エネルギユニットに関する前記電力コストに関する情報に基づいて前記バッテリの電力コストを算出することを特徴とする車両用電気系の管理方法。 - 請求項1記載の車両用電気系の管理方法において、
前記バッテリの電力コストとして、前記テーブルに記憶された各単位エネルギユニットの平均コストを用い、
前記単位エネルギユニットに満たない前記バッテリの充放電電力量の累算値を算出し、
その累算値が前記単位エネルギユニットに等しい電力量に達したら、新しい前記単位エネルギユニットとしてその電力コストに関する情報とともに前記テーブルに記憶する車両用電気系の管理方法。 - 請求項2記載の車両用電気系の管理方法において、
前記単位エネルギユニットに満たない前記バッテリの充電電力量の累算値と放電電力量の累算値とを別々に算出して記憶する車両用電気系の管理方法。 - 請求項3記載の車両用電気系の管理方法において、
前記バッテリの充電電力量の累算値が前記単位エネルギユニットに等しい電力量に達したら新しい前記単位エネルギユニットとして、前記新しい単位エネルギユニットの充電の間の前記電力コストとともに前記テーブルに記憶する車両用電気系の管理方法。 - 請求項3記載の車両用電気系の管理方法において、
前記バッテリの放電電力量の累算値が前記単位エネルギユニットに等しい電力量に達したら最も古い前記単位エネルギユニットに関する情報を消去する車両用電気系の管理方法。 - 請求項1乃至5のいずれか記載の車両用電気系の管理方法において、
前記テーブルに記憶される前記単位エネルギユニットの数を、別に求めた前記バッテリのSOCから算出した前記単位エネルギユニットの実際の数に一致させる補正を定期的に実施する車両用電気系の管理方法。 - 請求項6記載の車両用電気系の管理方法において、
前記テーブルに記憶する前記単位エネルギユニットの数が、前記別に求めた前記バッテリのSOCから算出した前記単位エネルギユニットの実際の数よりも大きい場合に、前記テーブルに最も古く記憶された前記単位エネルギユニットに関する情報を消去する車両用電気系の管理方法。 - 請求項6記載の車両用電気系の管理方法において、
前記テーブルに記憶する前記単位エネルギユニットの数が、前記別に求めた前記バッテリのSOCから算出した前記単位エネルギユニットの実際の数よりも小さい場合に、新しい前記単位エネルギユニットをその電力コストに関する情報とともに前記テーブルに書き込む車両用電気系の管理方法。
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US20040164616A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
DE102004009146B4 (de) | 2015-07-02 |
US7657438B2 (en) | 2010-02-02 |
FR2851516B1 (fr) | 2007-10-05 |
DE102004009146A1 (de) | 2004-09-02 |
FR2851516A1 (fr) | 2004-08-27 |
JP2004260908A (ja) | 2004-09-16 |
JP2006339165A (ja) | 2006-12-14 |
JP3896973B2 (ja) | 2007-03-22 |
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