JP2016519731A - 高正味電力の超臨界二酸化炭素回路を有する熱機関システム - Google Patents
高正味電力の超臨界二酸化炭素回路を有する熱機関システム Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/12—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engines being mechanically coupled
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
Abstract
Description
前記冷却器は、前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側の前記作業流体と熱的に伝導し合いかつ前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側の前記作業流体からの熱エネルギーを除去するように形成されることがある。
Claims (31)
- 高圧側および低圧側を有しかつそこを通って作業流体が流れるように形成された作業流体回路と、
複数の熱交換器と、
複数の回収熱交換器と、
前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結され、前記高圧側と前記低圧側との間に配置され、かつ前記作業流体中の圧力降下を機械エネルギーに変換するように形成されたエキスパンダと、
前記エキスパンダと連結され、かつ装置を前記機械エネルギーで駆動するように形成された駆動軸と、
該作業流体回路の前記低圧側と前記高圧側との間で前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結されかつ前記作業流体回路内の前記作業流体を循環させまたは圧縮させるように形成されたシステムポンプと、
前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側で前記作業流体と熱的に伝導し合いかつ前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側で前記作業流体から熱エネルギーを除去するように形成された冷却器とを有し、
前記作業流体回路の少なくとも一部は超臨界状態にある前記作業流体を有しかつ該作業流体は二酸化炭素を有し、
前記熱交換器の各々は、前記作業流体回路の前記高圧側と流体的に連結しかつ熱的に伝導し合い、熱源と流体的に連結しかつ熱的に伝導し合うように形成され、かつ前記高圧側内で熱エネルギーを前記熱源から前記作業流体に移動するように形成され、
前記回収熱交換器の各々は前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結しかつ前記作業流体回路の前記高圧側と前記低圧側との間で熱エネルギーを移動するように形成され、
前記複数の熱交換器および前記複数の回収熱交換器は、前記作業流体回路に連続的かつ交互に配置されている熱機関システム。 - 前記複数の熱交換器は4以上の熱交換器を有する請求項1に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記複数の回収熱交換器は3以上の回収熱交換器を有する請求項2に記載の熱機関システム。
- 第1の回収熱交換器は第1の熱交換器と第2の熱交換器との間に配置され、第2の回収熱交換器は前記第2の熱交換器と第3の熱交換器との間に配置され、第3の回収熱交換器は、前記第3の熱交換器と第4の熱交換器との間に配置された請求項3に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記第1の熱交換器は、前記高圧側であって、前記第1の回収熱交換器の下流で前記エキスパンダの上流に配置された請求項4に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記第4の熱交換器は、前記高圧側であって、前記システムポンプの下流で前記第3の回収熱交換器の上流に配置された請求項4に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記冷却器は、前記低圧側であって、前記第3の回収熱交換器の下流で前記システムポンプの上流に配置されたコンデンサを有する請求項4に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側と流体的に連結されかつ質量制御タンクを有する質量管理システムをさらに有する請求項1に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記システムポンプと連結されかつ前記作業流体回路内の前記作業流体の質量流量または温度を制御するように形成された可変周波数ドライブをさらに有する請求項1に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記システムポンプは、前記駆動軸によって前記エキスパンダと連結されかつ前記作業流体回路内の前記作業流体の質量流量または温度を制御するように形成された請求項1に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記システムポンプは、第2のエキスパンダと連結されかつ前記作業流体回路内の前記作業流体の質量流量または温度を制御するように形成された請求項1に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記駆動軸によって前記エキスパンダと連結しかつ前記機械エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換するように形成された発電機または交流発電機をさらに有する請求項1に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記作業流体回路内にはターボポンプをさらに有し、該ターボポンプは、前記駆動軸によって前記エキスパンダと連結したポンプ部を有し、該ポンプ部は前記機械エネルギーによって駆動されるように形成された請求項1に記載の熱機関システム。
- 高圧側および低圧側を有しかつそこを通して作業流体を流すように形成された作業流体回路と、
高温熱交換器および低温熱交換器と、
前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結されかつ前記作業流体回路の前記高圧側と前記低圧側との間で熱エネルギーを移動するように形成された回収熱交換器と、
前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結されかつ前記高圧側と前記低圧側との間に配置されかつ前記作業流体での圧力降下を機械エネルギーに変換するように形成されたエキスパンダと、
前記エキスパンダと連結されかつ前記機械エネルギーで装置を駆動するように形成された駆動軸と、
前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側と前記高圧側との間で前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結しかつ前記作業流体回路内の前記作業流体を循環させまたは圧縮するように形成されたシステムポンプと、
前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側で前記作業流体と熱的に伝導し合いかつ前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側で前記作業流体から熱エネルギーを除去するように形成された冷却器と、
前記作業流体回路の前記高圧側に含有される分裂流路と、
前記作業流体回路の前記高圧側に含有された再結合流路とを有するとともに、
前記作業流体回路の少なくとも一部は超臨界状態にありかつ前記作業流体は二酸化炭素を有し、
前記高温熱交換器および低温熱交換器の各々は前記作業流体回路の前記高圧側と流体的に連結しかつ熱的に伝導し合いかつ熱源と流体的に連結しかつ熱的に伝導し合うように形成され、
前記高温熱交換器は熱エネルギーを前記熱源から第1の温度で前記高圧側内で前記作業流体へ移動するように形成されかつ前記低温熱交換器は熱エネルギーを前記熱源から前記第1の温度よりも低い第2の温度で前記高圧側内で前記作業流体へ移動するように形成され、
前記分裂流路は、前記システムポンプの下流で前記低温熱交換器および前記回収熱交換器の上流に配置された分岐点を有し、
前記再結合流路は、前記低温熱交換器および前記回収熱交換器の下流で前記高温熱交換器の上流に配置された合流点を有する熱機関システム。 - 前記分裂流路は、前記分岐点から前記低温熱交換器および前記回収熱交換器まで延びる請求項14に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記再結合流路は前記低温熱交換器および前記回収熱交換器から前記合流点にまで延びる請求項14に記載の熱機関システム。
- 高圧側および低圧側を有し、そこを通って作業流体を流すように形成された作業流体回路と、
高温熱交換器および低温熱交換器と、
前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結しかつ前記作業流体回路の前記高圧側と前記低圧側との間で熱エネルギーを移動するように形成された回収熱交換器と、
前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結されかつ前記高圧側と前記低圧側との間に配置されかつ前記作業流体の圧力降下を機械エネルギーに変換するように形成されたエキスパンダと、
前記エキスパンダと連結されかつ前記機械エネルギーで装置を駆動するように形成された駆動軸と、
前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側と前記高圧側との間で前記作業流体回路と流体的に連結されかつ前記作業流体回路内で前記作業流体を循環させまたは圧縮するように形成されたシステムポンプと、
前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側で前記作業流体と熱的に伝導し合いかつ前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側で前記作業流体から熱エネルギーを除去するように形成された冷却器と、
入口端および出口端を有しかつ前記低温熱交換器を回りかつ前記回収熱交換器まで前記作業流体を流すように形成された迂回配管と、
入口端と出口端とを有する回収熱交換器流体配管とを有するとともに、
前記作業流体回路の少なくとも一部は超臨界状態にある前記作業流体を有しかつ前記作業流体は二酸化炭素を有し、
前記高温および低温熱交換器の各々は前記作業流体回路の前記高圧側と流体的に連結しかつ熱的に伝導し合い、かつ熱源と流体的に連結しかつ熱的に伝導し合うように形成され、かつ前記熱源から前記高圧側で前記作業流体に熱エネルギーを移動するように形成され、
前記迂回配管の前記入口端は前記システムポンプの下流で前記低温熱交換器の上流に配置された分岐点で前記高圧側と流体的に連結されかつ前記迂回配管の出口端は前記高圧側で前記回収熱交換器の入口と流体的に連結され、
前記回収熱交換器流体配管の前記入口端は前記高圧側で前記回収熱交換器の出口と流体的に連結され、前記回収熱交換器流体配管の前記出口端は前記低温熱交換器の下流で前記高温熱交換器の上流に配置された合流点で前記高圧側と流体的に連結されている熱機関システム。 - 前記システムポンプから前記迂回配管を通り、前記回収熱交換器を通り、前記回収熱交換器流体配管を通り、前記高温熱交換器を通って前記エキスパンダまで前記作業流体を流すように形成された前記高圧側のセグメントをさらに有する請求項17に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記分岐点または前記合流点にまたはその上流に少なくとも1の弁をさらに有する請求項1乃至請求項18のいずれかのように記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記分岐点の上流に隔離遮断弁または調節弁をさらに有する請求項19に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記分岐点または前記合流点に三方弁をさらに有する請求項19に記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記回収熱交換器は、前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側であって前記エキスパンダの下流で前記冷却器の上流に配置された請求項14乃至請求項18のいずれかのように記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記冷却器は前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側であって前記回収熱交換器の下流で前記システムポンプの上流に配置されたコンデンサである請求項14乃至請求項18のいずれかのように記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記作業流体を前記システムポンプから、前記低温熱交換器を通り、前記高温熱交換器を通りかつ前記エキスパンダまで流すように形成された前記高圧側のセグメントをさらに有する請求項14乃至請求項18のいずれかのように記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記エキスパンダは、タービンまたはタービン装置であり、前記システムポンプは始動ポンプ、ターボポンプまたはコンプレッサである請求項14乃至請求項18のいずれかのように記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記作業流体回路の前記低圧側と流体的に連結されかつ質量制御タンクを有する質量管理システムをさらに有する請求項14乃至請求項18のいずれかのように記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記システムポンプと連結しかつ前記作業流体回路内の前記作業流体の質量流量または温度を制御するように形成された可変周波数装置をさらに有する請求項14乃至請求項18のいずれかのように記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記システムポンプは前記駆動軸によって前記エキスパンダと連結されかつ前記作業流体回路内の前記作業流体の質量流量または温度を制御するように形成された請求項14乃至請求項18のいずれかのように記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記システムポンプは第2のエキスパンダと連結されかつ前記作業流体回路内の前記作業流体の質量流量または温度を制御するように形成された請求項14乃至請求項18のいずれかのように記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記駆動軸によって前記エキスパンダと連結されかつ前記機械エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換するように形成された発電機または交流発電機をさらに有する請求項14乃至請求項18のいずれかのように記載の熱機関システム。
- 前記作業流体回路にはターボポンプをさらに有し、該ターボポンプは前記駆動軸によって前記エキスパンダと連結されたポンプ部を有しかつ前記ポンプ部は前記機械エネルギーによって駆動されるように形成された請求項14乃至請求項18のいずれかのように記載の熱機関システム。
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US61/818,355 | 2013-05-01 | ||
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BR112015021396A2 (pt) | 2013-03-04 | 2017-08-22 | Echogen Power Systems Llc | Sistemas de motor de calor com circuitos de dióxido de carbono supercrítico de alto potência útil |
US10570777B2 (en) | 2014-11-03 | 2020-02-25 | Echogen Power Systems, Llc | Active thrust management of a turbopump within a supercritical working fluid circuit in a heat engine system |
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AU2014225990B2 (en) | 2018-07-26 |
CA2903784A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 |
KR20160028999A (ko) | 2016-03-14 |
EP2964911B1 (en) | 2022-02-23 |
CA2903784C (en) | 2021-03-16 |
US20160003108A1 (en) | 2016-01-07 |
WO2014138035A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 |
BR112015021396A2 (pt) | 2017-08-22 |
US10934895B2 (en) | 2021-03-02 |
EP2964911A4 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
AU2014225990A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
EP2964911A1 (en) | 2016-01-13 |
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