CN202718721U - 一种高效有机工质朗肯循环系统 - Google Patents

一种高效有机工质朗肯循环系统 Download PDF

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CN202718721U
CN202718721U CN201220434758.2U CN201220434758U CN202718721U CN 202718721 U CN202718721 U CN 202718721U CN 201220434758 U CN201220434758 U CN 201220434758U CN 202718721 U CN202718721 U CN 202718721U
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曹滨斌
张贺
贾桢
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Sinoma Energy Conservation Ltd
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Abstract

本实用新型提供一种高效有机工质朗肯循环系统，包括膨胀机、与膨胀机相连的发电机、形成回路的一级蒸发器和二级蒸发器、回热器、冷凝器、预热器和工质泵。本实用新型具有的优点和积极效果是：部分工质通过预热器预热，提高工质进入蒸发器温度，充分利用低温热源，提高系统整体能源利用率；部分工质通过回热器加热，充分利用透平乏汽余热，提高系统循环效率；二者结合，使系统能够同时兼顾循环效率及余热回收率，增强了系统的适应性，灵活性；提高发电量。

Description

一种高效有机工质朗肯循环系统
技术领域
本实用新型属于余热利用技术领域，尤其是涉及一种高效有机工质朗肯循环系统。 
背景技术
余热余压利用工程是我国《节能中长期发展专项规划》中的十大重点节能工程之一。在我国建材、冶金、化工、纺织、电力、医药等各工业领域存在着大量余热，但是，当余热资源的温度较低时(80℃-250℃)，通常无法采用常规汽水朗肯循环进行动力或发电等高品位回收，尤其在水泥行业，目前250℃以上余热大多已被回收，尚存在150℃左右余热(如窑尾电收尘器入口)有待进一步深度利用。利用径流式汽轮机有机工质朗肯循环(ORC)回收中低温(80℃-250℃)工业余热进行发电或输出动力，是解决这一问题的有效途径，此项技术具有广阔的市场需求和产业化前景。 
目前采用的有机朗肯循环系统存在的问题： 
系统效率较低：有机工质朗肯循环主要应用于低品位热能利用，有机工质在蒸发器中吸热至饱和状态，进入透平膨胀做功，透平排汽温度较低，无回热设置，系统平均蒸发温度较低。 
热能利用率低：为提高有机工质朗肯循环效率，系统采用较高的工质蒸发温度，并设置回热装置，蒸发器工质进口温度升高，导致另一侧热源流体出口温度同时升高，系统整体余热回收率降低。 
发明内容
本实用新型要解决的问题是提供一种高效有机工质朗肯循环系统，尤其适合应用于废水80℃-烟气250℃的低品位工业余热回收及太阳能、地热等新能源利用领域。 
为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型采用的技术方案是： 
一种高效有机工质朗肯循环系统，包括膨胀机、与膨胀机相连的发电机、形成回路的一级蒸发器和二级蒸发器、回热器、冷凝器、预热器和工质泵，所述二级蒸发器与膨胀机和回热器连通，与膨胀机连通的通路上设有进气控制阀，与回热器连通的通路上设有旁通阀；所述膨胀机的透平出口连通回热器，回热器连通冷凝器，冷凝器连接工质泵，工质泵的出口与回热器连通，同时和预热器连通；所述预热器和回热器均和一级蒸发器连通；所述一级蒸发器和二级蒸发器的换热管连通高温热源流体系统，预热器的换热管连通低温热源流体系统，冷凝器连通循环冷却水系统。 
进一步的，所述预热器和回热器的一管路汇合为一路后，与一级蒸发器连通。 
本实用新型具有的优点和积极效果是： 
系统设置预热器：部分工质通过预热器预热，不但提高工质进入蒸发器温度，同时充分利用低温热源，提高系统整体能源利用率； 
系统设置回热器：部分工质通过回热器加热，充分利用透平乏汽余热，提高系统循环效率； 
二者结合，使系统能够同时兼顾循环效率及余热回收率，增强了系统的适应性，灵活性； 
以目前五级预热的新型干法水泥窑为例，采用上述结构比常规ORC机组提高发电量15％-20％。 
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的示意图。 
图中： 
1、膨胀机        2、发电机            3、一级蒸发器 
4、二级蒸发器    5、回热器            6、冷凝器 
7、预热器        8、工质泵            9、进气控制阀 
10、旁通阀       11、高温热源流体系统   12、低温热源流体系统 
13、循环冷却水系统 
具体实施方式
如图1所示， 
本实用新型一种高效有机工质朗肯循环系统，包括膨胀机1、与膨胀机1相连的发电机2、形成回路的一级蒸发器3和二级蒸发器4、回热器5、冷凝器6、预热器7和工质泵8，所述二级蒸发器4与膨胀机1和回热器5连通，与膨胀机1连通的通路上设有进气控制阀9，与回热器5连通的通路上设有旁通阀10；所述膨胀机1的透平出口连通回热器5，回热器5连通冷凝器6，冷凝器6连接工质泵8，工质泵8与回热器5连通，同时和预热器7连通；所述预热器7和回热器5的一管路汇合为一路后，与一级蒸发器3连通；所述一级蒸发器3和二级蒸发器4的换热管连通高温热源流体系统11，预热器7的换热管连通低温热源流体系统12，冷凝器6连通循环冷却水系统13。 
本实例的工作过程： 
高温热源流体系统11的高温余热流体依次进入有机工质朗肯循环系统的一级蒸发器3和二级蒸发器4，加热有机工质； 
有机工质经过一级蒸发器3和二级蒸发器4，被高温热源流体加热至高温过热状态，进入膨胀机1和发电机2，做功发电； 
膨胀机1的透平出口有机工质乏汽经过回热器5后，在冷凝器6中被循环冷却水系统13的循环冷却水冷至饱和液； 
液态饱和工质经过工质泵8，一部分进入预热器7，被低温热源流体系 统12的低温热源流体加热，一部分进入回热器5，被膨胀机1的透平出口有机工质乏汽加热，两部分工质混合后，进入一级蒸发器3和二级蒸发器4； 
低温热源流体系统12的低温热源流体进入预热器7，加热一部分被冷凝器6冷凝的液态饱和工质； 
循环冷却水进入冷凝器6，将经过回热器5的膨胀机1透平出口的有机工质乏汽冷凝至饱和液。 
以上对本实用新型的一个实施例进行了详细说明，但所述内容仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例，不能被认为用于限定本实用新型的实施范围。凡依本实用新型申请范围所作的均等变化与改进等，均应仍归属于本实用新型的专利涵盖范围之内。 

Claims (2)

1.一种高效有机工质朗肯循环系统，其特征在于：包括膨胀机(1)、与膨胀机(1)相连的发电机(2)、形成回路的一级蒸发器(3)和二级蒸发器(4)、回热器(5)、冷凝器(6)、预热器(7)和工质泵(8)，所述二级蒸发器(4)与膨胀机(1)和回热器(5)连通，与膨胀机(1)连通的通路上设有进气控制阀(9)，与回热器(5)连通的通路上设有旁通阀(10)；所述膨胀机(1)的透平出口连通回热器(5)，回热器(5)连通冷凝器(6)，冷凝器(6)连接工质泵(8)，工质泵(8)与回热器(5)连通，同时和预热器(7)连通；所述预热器(7)和回热器(5)均和一级蒸发器(3)连通；所述一级蒸发器(3)和二级蒸发器(4)的换热管连通高温热源流体系统(11)，预热器(7)的换热管连通低温热源流体系统(12)，冷凝器(6)连通循环冷却水系统(13)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高效有机工质朗肯循环系统，其特征在于：所述预热器(7)和回热器(5)的一管路汇合为一路后，与一级蒸发器(3)连通。
CN201220434758.2U 2012-08-29 2012-08-29 一种高效有机工质朗肯循环系统 Expired - Lifetime CN202718721U (zh)

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