JP2005203370A - リチウム二次電池用アノード及びそれを利用したリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池用アノード及びそれを利用したリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005203370A JP2005203370A JP2005005284A JP2005005284A JP2005203370A JP 2005203370 A JP2005203370 A JP 2005203370A JP 2005005284 A JP2005005284 A JP 2005005284A JP 2005005284 A JP2005005284 A JP 2005005284A JP 2005203370 A JP2005203370 A JP 2005203370A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- anode
- secondary battery
- lithium secondary
- lithium
- binder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006174 synthetic rubber latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 carboxy modified styrene butadiene Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003064 carboxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002939 poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamides) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KLIYQWXIWMRMGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C KLIYQWXIWMRMGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- IDBFBDSKYCUNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitride Chemical compound [Li]N([Li])[Li] IDBFBDSKYCUNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloroacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCl FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229920005609 vinylidenefluoride/hexafluoropropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013705 LiNi 1-x Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006256 anode slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
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- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical class C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N levoglucosan Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2CO[C@@H]1O2 TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel zinc Chemical compound [Ni].[Zn] QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium;azanide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[NH2-] BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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Abstract
【解決手段】リチウムを吸蔵・放出できる活物質材料と、合成ゴム系ラテックス型バインダー、セルロース系バインダー、及びアクリルアミド系水溶性高分子を含むバインダーとを含有するリチウム二次電池用アノードが提供される。
【選択図】図1
Description
人造黒鉛粉末97質量%(日本炭素(株)製)、スチレンブタジエンラバー1.4質量%、CMCナトリウム塩1.5質量%、ポリアクリルアミド0.1質量%になるようにアノード組成物を準備した。次いで、CMCナトリウム塩を、1質量%水溶液になるように蒸溜水を加えて攪拌して溶かした。前記CMCナトリウム塩水溶液に、あらかじめ称量した黒鉛粉末とスチレンブタジエンラバーとポリアクリルアミドとを混合し、それに蒸溜水及びセラミックボールを付加した後、プラスチック瓶に入れて10時間よく混錬させた。この混合物を、厚さ12μmの銅箔上に300μm間隔のドクターブレードでキャスティングしてアノードを得た。それを約90℃オーブンに入れて約10時間乾燥した後、その極板を再びロールプレッシングし、かつ所定寸法に切断して120μm厚さのアノードを製造した。
人造黒鉛粉末97質量%、スチレンブタジエンラバー1.2質量%、CMCナトリウム塩1.5質量%、ポリアクリルアミド0.3質量%になるようにアノード組成物を準備したことを除いては、実施例1と同じ方法でアノード極板を製造した。
人造黒鉛粉末96質量%、スチレンブタジエンラバー1.5質量%、CMCナトリウム塩1.5質量%、ポリアクリルアミド1.0質量%になるようにアノード組成物を準備したことを除いては、実施例1と同じ方法でアノード極板を製造した。
スチレンブタジエンラバー1.4質量%の代わりにニトリルブタジエンラバー1.4質量%を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同じ方法でアノード極板を製造した。
ポリアクリルアミド0.1質量%の代わりにポリ(N,N−ジメチルアクリルアミド)0.1質量%を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同じ方法でアノード極板を製造した。
CMC1.5質量%の代わりにカルボキシエチルセルロース1.5質量%を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同じ方法でアノード極板を製造した。
まずカソードは、LiCoO296質量%、バインダーとしてPVDF2質量%及び電子の移動を改善するためのカーボン導電剤2質量%を混合し、それにN−メチルピロリドン(NMP)及びセラミックボールを付加した後、その混合物をプラスチック瓶に入れて10時間よく混錬させた。そして、15μm厚さのアルミニウム箔上に250μm間隔のドクターブレードでキャスティングを実施してカソード極板を得た。それを約110℃のオーブンに入れて約12時間乾燥してNMPを完全に揮発させた後、それを再びロールプレッシングして所定寸法に切断して、厚さ95μmのカソード極板の製造を完了した。
黒鉛粉末97質量%、スチレンブタジエンラバー1.5質量%、CMCナトリウム塩1.5質量%になるようにアノード組成物を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同じ方法でアノードを製造した。
比較例1で製造されたアノードを利用したことを除いては、実施例7と同じ方法でリチウム二次電池を製造した。
実施例1〜6及び比較例1で製造されたアノード極板の接着力を評価するために、引張試験機を使用して極板の剥離強度を測定した。剥離強度測定用試片はロールプレッシングまで終わった状態の極板を、横12cm、縦2.54cmに切って使用し、準備した極板の片面に横3cm、縦2.54cm大きさの両面テープを付け、その上に極板試片より大きいスライドガラスを付けて引張試験に使用した。引張試験機の一側グリップにはスライドガラスを嵌め込み、他側グリップにはスライドガラスに接着されていない極板面を嵌め込んで両側グリップ間を広げつつ接着面の剥離強度を測定した。測定した剥離強度を表1に整理して表した。
圧延工程でロールプレスに電極物質が粘着する不良問題がどのように変化するかを確認するために、実施例1〜6及び比較例1で製造されたアノード極板について、アノード極板10mを圧延しつつ何箇所で電極物質が脱離するかを測定した。表2にその結果を示す。
アノード組成によってリチウム二次電池の高率特性がどのように変わるかを評価するために、実施例7、8及び比較例2で製造されたリチウム二次電池の高率放電特性を評価した。結果を図1に表す。図1は、定格容量720mAhであるリチウム二次電池を0.5C rateで充電し、放電速度をそれぞれ0.2C、0.5C、1C、2C rateに変化させて放電して、放電容量を測定したグラフである。また、図1のグラフから得た結果を、定格容量に対する放電容量を%として表3に示す。
Claims (8)
- リチウムを吸蔵・放出できる活物質材料と、
合成ゴム系ラテックス型バインダー、セルロース系バインダー、及びアクリルアミド系水溶性高分子を含むバインダーと、を含有するリチウム二次電池用アノード。 - 前記活物質材料は、天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛、コークス、及び炭素繊維よりなる群から選択される炭素材料;Al、Si、Sn、Ag、Bi、Mg、Zn、P、Ge、PbまたはTiを含むリチウム合金;前記炭素材料と前記リチウム合金との複合化合物;並びに、リチウム窒化物、よりなる群から選択された1種以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用アノード。
- 前記炭素材料は、錫酸化物、ケイ素酸化物、燐、ホウ素または非晶質カーボンをさらに添加して改質されてなることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のリチウム二次電池用アノード。
- 前記合成ゴム系ラテックス型バインダーは、スチレンブタジエンゴムラテックス、ニトリルブタジエンゴムラテックス、メチルメタクリレートブタジエンゴムラテックス、クロロプレンゴムラテックス、カルボキシ変性スチレンブタジエンゴムラテックス、及び変性ポリオルガノシロキサン系重合体ラテックスよりなる群から選択された1種以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用アノード。
- 前記セルロース系バインダーは、カルボキシメチルセルロース、カルボキシエチルセルロース、及びヒドロキシエチルセルロースよりなる群から選択された1種以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用アノード。
- 前記アクリルアミド系水溶性高分子は、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリ(N,N−ジメチルアクリルアミド)、及びポリメタクリルアミドよりなる群から選択された1種以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用アノード。
- 前記アクリルアミド系水溶性高分子の量は、アノード組成物の総質量を基準として0.1〜1.0質量%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池アノード。
- 請求項1ないし7のうちいずれか1項に記載のリチウム二次電池用アノードを使用して製造されたことを特徴とするリチウム二次電池。
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CN1641916A (zh) | 2005-07-20 |
US8728664B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 |
KR20050075635A (ko) | 2005-07-21 |
JP4637590B2 (ja) | 2011-02-23 |
US20050158624A1 (en) | 2005-07-21 |
KR100958651B1 (ko) | 2010-05-20 |
CN100472855C (zh) | 2009-03-25 |
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