EP2145967A3 - Alliages d'aluminure de titane - Google Patents
Alliages d'aluminure de titane Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2145967A3 EP2145967A3 EP09010152A EP09010152A EP2145967A3 EP 2145967 A3 EP2145967 A3 EP 2145967A3 EP 09010152 A EP09010152 A EP 09010152A EP 09010152 A EP09010152 A EP 09010152A EP 2145967 A3 EP2145967 A3 EP 2145967A3
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- phase
- alloys
- lamella
- tial
- titanium aluminide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
- C22C1/0458—Alloys based on titanium, zirconium or hafnium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/047—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy comprising intermetallic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11187502.7A EP2423341B1 (fr) | 2007-12-13 | 2008-11-25 | Alliages d'aluminure de titane |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007060587A DE102007060587B4 (de) | 2007-12-13 | 2007-12-13 | Titanaluminidlegierungen |
EP08020431.6A EP2075349B1 (fr) | 2007-12-13 | 2008-11-25 | Alliages d'aluminure de titane |
Related Parent Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08020431.6 Division | 2008-11-25 | ||
EP08020431.6A Division-Into EP2075349B1 (fr) | 2007-12-13 | 2008-11-25 | Alliages d'aluminure de titane |
EP08020431.6A Division EP2075349B1 (fr) | 2007-12-13 | 2008-11-25 | Alliages d'aluminure de titane |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11187502.7 Division-Into | 2011-11-02 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2145967A2 EP2145967A2 (fr) | 2010-01-20 |
EP2145967A3 true EP2145967A3 (fr) | 2010-04-21 |
EP2145967B1 EP2145967B1 (fr) | 2013-07-24 |
Family
ID=40527708
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09010152.8A Not-in-force EP2145967B1 (fr) | 2007-12-13 | 2008-11-25 | Alliages d'aluminure de titane |
EP08020431.6A Not-in-force EP2075349B1 (fr) | 2007-12-13 | 2008-11-25 | Alliages d'aluminure de titane |
EP11187502.7A Not-in-force EP2423341B1 (fr) | 2007-12-13 | 2008-11-25 | Alliages d'aluminure de titane |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08020431.6A Not-in-force EP2075349B1 (fr) | 2007-12-13 | 2008-11-25 | Alliages d'aluminure de titane |
EP11187502.7A Not-in-force EP2423341B1 (fr) | 2007-12-13 | 2008-11-25 | Alliages d'aluminure de titane |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20090151822A1 (fr) |
EP (3) | EP2145967B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5512964B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20090063173A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101457314B (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0806979A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2645843A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102007060587B4 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL195756A0 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2466201C2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (47)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009215631A (ja) * | 2008-03-12 | 2009-09-24 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | TiAl基合金及びその製造方法並びにそれを用いた動翼 |
DE102009050603B3 (de) * | 2009-10-24 | 2011-04-14 | Gfe Metalle Und Materialien Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer β-γ-TiAl-Basislegierung |
WO2012041276A2 (fr) | 2010-09-22 | 2012-04-05 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Alliage tial résistant à la chaleur |
DE102011110740B4 (de) * | 2011-08-11 | 2017-01-19 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Verfahren zur Herstellung geschmiedeter TiAl-Bauteile |
EP2620517A1 (fr) | 2012-01-25 | 2013-07-31 | MTU Aero Engines GmbH | Alliage TiAl thermostable |
US20130248061A1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-09-26 | General Electric Company | Methods for processing titanium aluminide intermetallic compositions |
US10597756B2 (en) | 2012-03-24 | 2020-03-24 | General Electric Company | Titanium aluminide intermetallic compositions |
CN103320648B (zh) * | 2012-03-24 | 2017-09-12 | 通用电气公司 | 铝化钛金属间组合物 |
KR101261885B1 (ko) * | 2012-07-25 | 2013-05-06 | 한국기계연구원 | 베타-감마상을 포함하는 층상 구조의 타이타늄-알루미늄계 합금 |
RU2502824C1 (ru) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-12-27 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" | Способ термообработки отливок из сплавов на основе гамма алюминида титана |
DE102012222745A1 (de) | 2012-12-11 | 2014-06-12 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Einkristalline Turbinenschaufel aus Titanaluminid |
WO2014115921A1 (fr) * | 2013-01-23 | 2014-07-31 | 한국기계연구원 | Alliage de titane-aluminium présentant une résistance aux hautes températures et une résistance à l'oxydation améliorées |
WO2014149122A2 (fr) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Procédé permettant de fabriquer un composant de turbine en aluminure de titane gamma |
CN103484701B (zh) * | 2013-09-10 | 2015-06-24 | 西北工业大学 | 一种铸造钛合金晶粒细化的方法 |
CN103773981B (zh) * | 2013-12-25 | 2016-06-29 | 西安西工大超晶科技发展有限责任公司 | 一种高Nb-TiAl基合金的熔炼方法 |
CN103820697B (zh) * | 2014-03-10 | 2016-08-17 | 北京工业大学 | 一种多元合金化β相凝固高Nb-TiAl合金及其制备方法 |
CN103820677B (zh) * | 2014-03-12 | 2016-03-02 | 北京工业大学 | 一种含Mn高Nb新型β-γTiAl金属间化合物材料及其制备方法 |
CN103820672B (zh) * | 2014-03-12 | 2017-05-03 | 北京工业大学 | 一种Cr、Mn合金化β相凝固高Nb‑TiAl合金及其制备方法 |
CN103820674B (zh) * | 2014-03-12 | 2016-05-25 | 北京工业大学 | 一种W、Mn合金化β相凝固高Nb-TiAl合金及其制备方法 |
CN103834844B (zh) * | 2014-03-12 | 2016-08-24 | 北京工业大学 | 一种V、Mn合金化β相凝固高Nb-TiAl合金及其制备方法 |
CN103820675A (zh) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-05-28 | 北京工业大学 | 一种含V高Nb新型β-γTiAl金属间化合物材料及其制备方法 |
JP6439287B2 (ja) * | 2014-06-18 | 2018-12-19 | 株式会社デンソー | 運転支援装置、運転支援方法、画像補正装置、画像補正方法 |
RU2592657C2 (ru) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-07-27 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт авиационных материалов" (ФГУП "ВИАМ") | Жаропрочный сплав на основе титана и изделие, выполненное из него |
RU2621500C1 (ru) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-06 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" | Интерметаллический сплав на основе TiAl |
CN105624465A (zh) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-01 | 青岛博泰美联化工技术有限公司 | 一种汽车发动机叶片 |
CN105441715A (zh) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-03-30 | 青岛博泰美联化工技术有限公司 | 一种汽车增压涡轮 |
EP3249064A1 (fr) | 2016-05-23 | 2017-11-29 | MTU Aero Engines GmbH | Fabrication additive de composants haute temperature en tial |
CN105970026A (zh) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-09-28 | 黄河科技学院 | 一种轻质合金材料及其制备方法 |
CN106148739B (zh) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-02-06 | 西安西工大超晶科技发展有限责任公司 | 一种含铌Ti3Al合金铸锭的制备方法 |
JP6687118B2 (ja) * | 2016-09-02 | 2020-04-22 | 株式会社Ihi | TiAl合金及びその製造方法 |
CN106367624B (zh) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-10-13 | 江苏大学 | 高抗酸蚀Y微合金化TiAl基合金 |
CN106367633A (zh) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-02-01 | 江苏大学 | 高抗酸蚀La2O3微合金化的TiAl基合金 |
RU2633135C1 (ru) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-10-11 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" | Интерметаллический сплав на основе TiAl |
KR101888049B1 (ko) | 2016-12-14 | 2018-08-13 | 안동대학교 산학협력단 | 파괴 인성 및 크리프 저항성이 향상된 Ti-Al-Nb-Fe계 합금의 제조방법 |
KR101890642B1 (ko) | 2016-12-14 | 2018-08-22 | 안동대학교 산학협력단 | 파괴 인성 및 크리프 저항성이 향상된 Ti-Al-Nb-V계 합금의 제조방법 |
US20180230822A1 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2018-08-16 | General Electric Company | Titanium aluminide alloys and turbine components |
CN107034384A (zh) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-08-11 | 东北大学 | 一种热变形加工能力优异的低成本钛铝基合金 |
CN107475595A (zh) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-12-15 | 江苏鑫龙化纤机械有限公司 | 一种聚乙烯纤维干热牵伸箱电加热管用合金材料 |
CN107699738A (zh) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-02-16 | 成都露思特新材料科技有限公司 | 一种细晶TiAl合金及其制备方法、航空发动机、汽车 |
WO2019103539A1 (fr) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-05-31 | 한국기계연구원 | Alliage à base de titane et d'aluminium pour impression 3d, ayant d'excellentes caractéristiques à haute température et procédé de fabrication associé |
KR102095463B1 (ko) * | 2018-05-24 | 2020-03-31 | 안동대학교 산학협력단 | 우수한 고온 성형성을 가지는 TiAl계 합금 및 이를 이용한 TiAl계 합금 부재의 제조방법 |
EP3943627A4 (fr) | 2019-03-18 | 2022-11-16 | IHI Corporation | Matériau d'alliage d'aluminure de titane pour forgeage à chaud, procédé de forgeage pour matériau d'alliage d'aluminure de titane, et corps forgé |
EP3974551B1 (fr) * | 2019-05-23 | 2023-12-13 | IHI Corporation | Alliage tial et son procédé de production |
CN110438369A (zh) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-12 | 大连大学 | 一种高硬度、高氧化性Ti-Al-Nb-Re合金的制备方法 |
WO2022219991A1 (fr) | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Alliage tial pour forgeage, matériau à base d'alliage tial et procédé de production d'un matériau d'alliage tial |
EP4353855A1 (fr) * | 2021-06-09 | 2024-04-17 | IHI Corporation | Alliage tial, poudre d'alliage tial, composant d'alliage tial et leur procédé de production |
CN115261657B (zh) * | 2022-08-03 | 2023-02-28 | 南京铖联激光科技有限公司 | 高温合金的制备方法及其制备装置 |
Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1069775A (zh) * | 1991-12-31 | 1993-03-10 | 北京科技大学 | 铌钛铝系金属间化合物耐热高温材料 |
JPH0578769A (ja) * | 1991-09-25 | 1993-03-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 金属間化合物基耐熱合金 |
JPH05320791A (ja) * | 1992-05-15 | 1993-12-03 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Ti−Al系金属間化合物合金 |
US5296056A (en) * | 1992-10-26 | 1994-03-22 | General Motors Corporation | Titanium aluminide alloys |
JPH06116691A (ja) * | 1992-10-05 | 1994-04-26 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | TiAl金属間化合物系Ti合金の熱処理法 |
JPH06346173A (ja) * | 1993-06-11 | 1994-12-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Ti−Al系金属間化合物基合金 |
JPH08120372A (ja) * | 1994-10-25 | 1996-05-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | TiAl系金属間化合物基合金及びその製造方法 |
JPH08199264A (ja) * | 1995-01-19 | 1996-08-06 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | TiAl系金属間化合物基合金 |
US5746846A (en) * | 1995-01-27 | 1998-05-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Method to produce gamma titanium aluminide articles having improved properties |
JPH1161298A (ja) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-03-05 | Natl Res Inst For Metals | TiAl金属間化合物基合金とその製造方法 |
JP2000199025A (ja) * | 1999-01-05 | 2000-07-18 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | TiAl系金属間化合物基合金およびその製造方法、タ―ビン部材およびその製造方法 |
DE102004056582A1 (de) * | 2004-11-23 | 2006-06-01 | Gkss-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh | Legierung auf der Basis von Titanaluminiden |
CN101011705A (zh) * | 2007-01-31 | 2007-08-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 含元素钇的TiAl金属间化合物板材的制备方法 |
EP1889939A2 (fr) * | 2006-08-19 | 2008-02-20 | Rolls-Royce plc | Alliage et procédé pour le traitement d'aluminure de titane |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2734794B2 (ja) * | 1991-03-15 | 1998-04-02 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Ti−Al系金属間化合物基合金の製造方法 |
DE4224867A1 (de) * | 1992-07-28 | 1994-02-03 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Hochwarmfester Werkstoff |
JPH06116692A (ja) * | 1992-10-05 | 1994-04-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 高温強度の優れたTiAl系金属間化合物およびその製造方法 |
JPH07197154A (ja) * | 1994-01-10 | 1995-08-01 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | TiAl系合金及びその製法 |
JP3374553B2 (ja) * | 1994-11-22 | 2003-02-04 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Ti−Al系金属間化合物基合金の製造方法 |
DE4443147A1 (de) * | 1994-12-05 | 1996-06-27 | Dechema | Korrosionsbeständiger Werkstoff für Hochtemperaturanwendungen in sulfidierenden Prozeßgasen |
DE19735841A1 (de) * | 1997-08-19 | 1999-02-25 | Geesthacht Gkss Forschung | Legierung auf der Basis von Titanaluminiden |
US6174387B1 (en) * | 1998-09-14 | 2001-01-16 | Alliedsignal, Inc. | Creep resistant gamma titanium aluminide alloy |
DE10351946A1 (de) * | 2003-03-21 | 2004-10-07 | Dechema Gesellschaft Für Chemische Technik Und Biotechnologie E.V. | Verfahren zur Behandlung der Oberfläche eines aus einer AL-Legierung, insbesondere TiAL-Legierung bestehenden Bauteiles sowie die Verwendung organischer Halogenkohlenstoffverbindungen oder in einer organischen Matrik eingebundener Halogenide |
-
2007
- 2007-12-13 DE DE102007060587A patent/DE102007060587B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-11-25 EP EP09010152.8A patent/EP2145967B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-11-25 EP EP08020431.6A patent/EP2075349B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-11-25 EP EP11187502.7A patent/EP2423341B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-12-04 CA CA002645843A patent/CA2645843A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2008-12-07 IL IL195756A patent/IL195756A0/en unknown
- 2008-12-10 US US12/331,909 patent/US20090151822A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-12-11 BR BRPI0806979-4A patent/BRPI0806979A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-12-12 CN CN2008101727696A patent/CN101457314B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-12-12 RU RU2008149177/02A patent/RU2466201C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-12-12 KR KR1020080126803A patent/KR20090063173A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-12-15 JP JP2008318555A patent/JP5512964B2/ja active Active
-
2009
- 2009-07-30 US US12/512,451 patent/US20100000635A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2013
- 2013-06-28 US US13/931,051 patent/US20140010701A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0578769A (ja) * | 1991-09-25 | 1993-03-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 金属間化合物基耐熱合金 |
CN1069775A (zh) * | 1991-12-31 | 1993-03-10 | 北京科技大学 | 铌钛铝系金属间化合物耐热高温材料 |
JPH05320791A (ja) * | 1992-05-15 | 1993-12-03 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Ti−Al系金属間化合物合金 |
JPH06116691A (ja) * | 1992-10-05 | 1994-04-26 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | TiAl金属間化合物系Ti合金の熱処理法 |
US5296056A (en) * | 1992-10-26 | 1994-03-22 | General Motors Corporation | Titanium aluminide alloys |
JPH06346173A (ja) * | 1993-06-11 | 1994-12-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Ti−Al系金属間化合物基合金 |
JPH08120372A (ja) * | 1994-10-25 | 1996-05-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | TiAl系金属間化合物基合金及びその製造方法 |
JPH08199264A (ja) * | 1995-01-19 | 1996-08-06 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | TiAl系金属間化合物基合金 |
US5746846A (en) * | 1995-01-27 | 1998-05-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Method to produce gamma titanium aluminide articles having improved properties |
JPH1161298A (ja) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-03-05 | Natl Res Inst For Metals | TiAl金属間化合物基合金とその製造方法 |
JP2000199025A (ja) * | 1999-01-05 | 2000-07-18 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | TiAl系金属間化合物基合金およびその製造方法、タ―ビン部材およびその製造方法 |
DE102004056582A1 (de) * | 2004-11-23 | 2006-06-01 | Gkss-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh | Legierung auf der Basis von Titanaluminiden |
EP1889939A2 (fr) * | 2006-08-19 | 2008-02-20 | Rolls-Royce plc | Alliage et procédé pour le traitement d'aluminure de titane |
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EP2075349A3 (fr) | 2009-09-09 |
EP2145967B1 (fr) | 2013-07-24 |
RU2466201C2 (ru) | 2012-11-10 |
US20140010701A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
US20100000635A1 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
KR20090063173A (ko) | 2009-06-17 |
RU2008149177A (ru) | 2010-06-20 |
BRPI0806979A2 (pt) | 2010-04-20 |
EP2075349A2 (fr) | 2009-07-01 |
CA2645843A1 (fr) | 2009-06-13 |
EP2423341B1 (fr) | 2013-07-10 |
JP2009144247A (ja) | 2009-07-02 |
EP2075349B1 (fr) | 2016-03-09 |
CN101457314A (zh) | 2009-06-17 |
IL195756A0 (en) | 2009-11-18 |
EP2423341A1 (fr) | 2012-02-29 |
EP2145967A2 (fr) | 2010-01-20 |
US20090151822A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
JP5512964B2 (ja) | 2014-06-04 |
DE102007060587A1 (de) | 2009-06-18 |
CN101457314B (zh) | 2013-07-24 |
DE102007060587B4 (de) | 2013-01-31 |
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