CN1625471A - 大容量页宽打印的图像处理 - Google Patents

大容量页宽打印的图像处理 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1625471A
CN1625471A CNA028287347A CN02828734A CN1625471A CN 1625471 A CN1625471 A CN 1625471A CN A028287347 A CNA028287347 A CN A028287347A CN 02828734 A CN02828734 A CN 02828734A CN 1625471 A CN1625471 A CN 1625471A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
data
print
print head
printhead
engine controller
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Granted
Application number
CNA028287347A
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English (en)
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CN1328049C (zh
Inventor
卡·西尔弗布鲁克
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Memjet Technology Ltd
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Silverbrook Research Pty Ltd
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Application filed by Silverbrook Research Pty Ltd filed Critical Silverbrook Research Pty Ltd
Publication of CN1625471A publication Critical patent/CN1625471A/zh
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Abstract

一种用于打印机的图像处理装置，包括一配置为接收图像存储格式的图像数据的打印引擎控制器。所述打印引擎控制器包括配置为以每秒至少10亿像素的速率处理所述图像数据将所述数据转换为打印数据的数据处理电路。所述打印引擎控制器包括操作性连接于所述数据处理电路并配置为将所述打印数据传输至一打印头的数据传输电路。

Description

大容量页宽打印的图像处理
技术领域
本发明涉及大容量页宽打印的图像处理。更具体地，本发明设计一种处理用于打印的图像的方法、一种图像处理装置和一种喷墨打印机。
背景技术
大容量、高分辨率打印是宽式打印机制造商一段时间以来追求的目标。宽式打印机应用于公众已有若干年。流行的宽式打印机的例子有惠普(Hewlett Packard，HP)1000/5000，HP3000/5000，爱普生(Epson)的7000/10000以及一些其他打印机。
这些打印机都有一个往返于打印媒介并使墨附于所属媒介上的往返式打印头。申请人相信这些打印机要承受一些固有缺陷，尤其是在为获取高分辨率下的较快打印速度而尝试利用此类打印机的设计之情形。
获取高打印速度的关键是要能获得能够以一合适速率产生必要数目墨点的打印头。而且，为完成正确打印，期望能在尽可能少的打印循环内、优选在一个打印循环内产生打印行或者打印带。随之也期望在力图获取高打印速度的情形使用往返式打印头，随之也需要一个结合了一适合数目喷墨喷嘴的打印头。
热打印头如气泡式喷墨打印头和压电式打印头也已经应用了一段时间。这类打印头要承受过度产生的热及能量消耗，因此本申请人发现其不适用于页宽配置。美国申请号No.09/526,504中列出了与这些打印头相关的一些缺陷。
本申请开发了一种能生成具有高达1600dpi分辨率图像的打印头芯片。这些芯片由集成电路制作技术(integrated circuit fabricationtechniques)制造。这些芯片的详细资料可以在上面被引用的申请和专利中找到。申请人相信，这些打印头芯片特别适用于宽式打印机。原因在于，由于单一芯片中所需的大量喷嘴装置，以及这些芯片可以极高循环速率(cyclical rate)驱动，这些芯片可以极高速工作。
为了能在宽式打印机中有效使用这种打印头，本申请人已面临许多困难。本申请人面临的一个极大困难是有效控制诸多此类打印头芯片以实现正确打印。这种控制必须结合使用能有效进行图像处理的工具，所述工具能够以与诸多上述打印头芯片能实现的实际打印速率相对应的速率处理存储的图像。
发明内容
根据本发明的第一个方面，提供了一种用于打印图像的处理方法，该方法包括如下步骤：
接收图像存储格式的图像数据；
以至少一百万像素每秒的速率将所述图像数据转换为打印数据；
将所述打印数据传送至一打印头。
根据本发明的第二个方面，提供了一种用于打印机的图像处理装置，该图像处理装置包括
一数据输入装置，其配置用于接收图像存储格式的图像数据；
一数据处理装置，其操作性连接于所属数据输入装置，配置为以至少一百万像素每秒的速率处理所述打印数据，将这些数据转换为打印数据；以及
一数据传输装置，其操作性连接于所述数据处理装置，配置为将所述打印数据传输至以打印头。
根据本发明的第三个方面，提供了一种喷墨打印机，包括
一支承结构；
一置于所述支承结构内部的压纸滚筒；
一打印总成，相对于所述压纸滚筒操作性定位以限定所述压纸滚筒和该打印总成之间的一个打印区域，所述打印总成包括
一拉长的托架；以及
多个置于所述托架上的打印头芯片，所述打印头芯片一起限定了一打印头；
一图像处理装置，相对于所述打印总成操作性安放，该图像处理装置包括
一数据输入装置，配置为用于接收图像存储形式的图像数据；
一数据处理装置，配置为以至少一百万像素每秒的速率处理所述图像数据并将该数据转换为打印数据；以及
一数据传输装置，配置为将所述打印数据传输到所述打印头；以及
一置于所述支承结构上的送进机构，用于将一打印媒介送进并通过所述打印区域。
现在以示例的方式，参考相应附图，对本发明进行描述。下面的描述并非对上述内容宽广范围的限定。
附图说明
附图中，
图1所示为根据本发明的，一打印机的，同样根据本发明的，结合了一图像处理装置的一打印总成的一打印机构其部分的三维示意图；
图2所示为图1所示打印机构的正视图；
图3所示为图1所示打印机构的后视图；
图4所示为所述打印机的三维外视图；
图5所示为所述打印机工作部分的三维示意图；
图6所示为所述打印机的分解示意图；
图7所示为结合了所述打印总成的所述打印机一部分的侧视示意图；
图8所示为所述打印机构一工作部分的分解视图；
图9所示为所述打印机构一工作部分的剖面视图；
图10所示为所述图像处理装置的高层框图；
图11所示为所述图像处理装置的一页面扩展单元的框图；
图12所示为结合了所述页面扩展单元的所述图像处理装置的框图；
图13所示为所述打印机的所述打印总成的一个打印头芯片其部分的三维示意图，示出了所述打印头芯片的一个喷嘴装置；以及
图14所示为结合了一个打印头芯片的打印头模块的三维示意图。
具体实施方式
图4中，附图标记10总体上代表一依照本发明的打印机。
所述打印机10具有一将一打印总成14支承于一衬底(substrate)之上的支承结构12。该支承结构12包括一对间隔的足部16以及从每个足16延伸的腿18。所述打印总成14安装于腿18上以横跨所述腿18。
一媒介盘20置于腿18之间。该媒介盘20配置为能存储合适的打印媒介，如纸22。
纸22由一个形式为媒介卷辊166的媒介送进机构送进通过所述打印总成14并送进至一拾取卷筒24上。一电子壳体(enclosure)26同样也位于腿18之间以封闭下述的各种电子组件。
所述打印总成14包括一带有一把手30的盖子28，以及一前盖32。所述盖子28和前盖32位于一对端模件(end molding)34之间。
所述打印总成14还包括一带有触摸屏式导航的彩色TFT液晶显示器。还设置有一停止按钮38能使用户让该打印总成14停止工作。
所述打印总成14及其各种组件更详细地示于其他附图中。
图1到图3中，附图标记40总体上代表所述打印总成14的打印机构。从附图中可以看到，该打印机构40是分段的。具体地讲，所述打印机构40包括一依照本发明的图像处理装置，该装置包括九个通过相应连接器块44彼此连接的印刷电路板(PCB)42。
所述打印机构40还包括具有72个打印头模块46的打印头41。对每个PCB42进行配置以控制8个打印头模块46。因此要设置9个PCB42。所述打印头模块46将在下面更详细描述。
每个PCB42包括一打印引擎控制器(PEC)48。所述PEC48也将在下面更详细描述。
每个PCB42还包括一形式为存储器芯片、更具体为64兆位的外部DRAM芯片50的一存储器存储装置。所述DRAM芯片50与PEC48以如下所述方式相配合。
而且，每个PCB42包括一质量认证(QA)芯片52。在上述被引用的美国申请No.09/113053中已经列出了一合适QA芯片的详细资料因此本文中不再论述。该QA芯片52以09/113053中所述方式用以禁止未授权的重新装墨，此外还有其他功能如确保打印机10所用打印媒介的质量。
一远端PCB42包括一可允许串行数据线缆56连接至所述PCB42的串行连接器54。
每个PCB42与其相关联的带有一软性PCB58的打印头模块46相连。
所述打印机构40包括一个在位于所述端模件34内的一对侧模件61之间延伸的金属机架60。PCB42安装于所述机架60上。所述机架60有一个大致成U形的横断面。一因瓦(Invar)合金的通道62位于所述机架60上。
一塑性材料机架模件64位于所述机架60和通道62的外侧。每个PCB42安装于所述机架模件64上。
所述机架模件64在所述机架模件64的外侧限定一对凹陷66。所述凹陷66延伸所述机架模件64的长度。每个凹陷66内有一母线68。配置所述母线68以对PCB42供电。
一蓄墨总成70位于所述因瓦通道62内。所述蓄墨总成70包括一墨分配装置72。每个打印头模块46位于相应的墨分配装置72上。具体地说，每个打印头模块46可拆卸地安装于其墨分配装置72上以便于在需要的时候拆卸并替换。
所述蓄墨总成70包括多个蓄墨模件76。每个蓄墨模件76与一相关联的打印头模块46相对应。所述的蓄墨模件76沿所述因瓦通道62首尾相连定位于其内。每个蓄墨模件76限定了多个拉长墨通道74，每个容放一不同颜色的墨。因此，有效的拉长墨通道延伸所述因瓦通道62的长度。
一端帽模件78位于一远端蓄墨模件76上。所述端帽模件78具有多个限定于其上的连接器80，当所述端帽模件78位于所述远端蓄墨模件78上时，这些连接器与相应的墨通道74对齐。所述连接器80可与一墨管连接器82连接。这样，所述墨管连接器82与每个墨管84连接。这样每个管84与对应的墨通道74流体连通。每个管84为所述蓄墨总成70提供一种特别颜色的墨。例如，所述管84可以分别携带青色(C)、洋红(M)、黄色(Y)以及黑色(K)的墨。这时，设置四根管84。同样的，每个蓄墨模件76限定了四个墨通道74。或者，所述管84可以分别携带青色(C)、洋红(M)、黄色(Y)、红色(R)、绿色(G)以及黑色(K)的墨。这时，设置六根管84。同样的，每个蓄墨模件76限定了六个墨通道74。所述六根管84可以携带CMYK以及红外(IR)墨以及高速打印时可使墨快速变干的定色剂(F)，取代六种不同颜色的墨。
每根管84与对应的墨容器(ink container)86(图5)相连，这样每根管84都连接在一墨容器86和一特别墨通道74之间。所述管84使用如图1所示的T型连接器94连接至其相应墨容器86。
所述打印总成14包括多个与相应打印头模块46相对应的封口装置88。每个封口装置88可在封闭其相应打印头模块46以防止墨变干的工作位置，以及可以从打印头模块46中喷墨的非工作位置这两位置之间移动。一凸轮轴90位于所述机架60内。一转换元件92连接凸轮轴90和所述封口装置88，这样所述凸轮轴90的转动可使所述封口装置88在其工作位置和非工作位置之间发生相互运动。
所述凸轮轴90通过一合适的马达，图5中总体上标示为96，来驱动。
所述打印总成14的进一步细节示于图7。从该图中可以看到，所述前盖32、所述盖子28和后盖98一起限定了所述打印总成14的壳体100。
多个墨盒102置于所述盖子28下方。每个墨盒102存储一种上面提及的墨。每个墨盒102置于一对夹具104中间这样当需要的时候可以替换。当所述墨盒102容放于所述夹具104之间时，每个墨盒102与其相应墨盒86彼此流体连通。
一对形式为一上压纸滚筒106和一下压纸滚筒108的压纸滚筒位于壳体100内。设置一对形式为一上主辊110和一下主辊112的间隔主辊将纸22移动通过打印总成14。上卷辊110位于压纸滚筒106、108的一上端，而下卷辊112位于压纸滚筒106、108之间。配置卷辊110、112以连续地驱动一页纸22越过下压纸滚筒108的内表面和上压纸滚筒106的外表面。这样，纸22通过上卷辊110，而下卷辊112位于纸22向上移动部分和向下运动部分之间。
一刷子114可转动地安装于壳体112的116处。该刷子114具有一个与所述上主辊110相对应的弧形横向轮廓。刷子114位于壳体100内的定位要使得纸22可以在刷子114和壳体100之间通过。
一压紧辊118位于所述刷子114的下方以挤压紧靠所述上主辊110。因此，当纸22在刷子114和上主辊110之间移动时，所述压紧辊118保持纸22不发生横向运动。
所述上压纸滚筒106限定了一上部打印域120和一下部切割域122。所述上、下部打印域120、122之间限定了一间隙124。多个齿轮(spikedwheel)126其部分穿透所述间隙124放置以将纸22和所述下主辊112接合。一闩杆128相对所述齿轮126操作性放置以将齿轮126保持在位置上。对所述齿轮126和所述压紧辊118进行配置使纸22通过所述上压纸滚筒106的打印域120时在纸22上设置一个合适的张力。
所述机架60和通道62位于所述上压纸滚筒106的打印域120上方。机架60和通道62连接至一移位机构129这样以使机架60和通道62在需要的时候可以从所述打印域120上置换。特别地，机架60和通道62可在一打印头模块46距离打印域120一定距离以适于打印的工作位置以及纸22可以从打印域120释放的非工作位置之间移动。
所述机架60和通道62通过适合的金属件130连接至所述压紧辊118。而且，机架60和通道62连接至所述闩杆128。这样，当所述位移机构129工作时，压紧辊118和齿轮126从所述上压纸滚筒106以及机架60和通道62上移开。
所述位移机构129包括一凸轮轴132和一个推动器134。将推动器134这样与机架60和通道62连接即，根据所述凸轮轴132的转动，机架60和通道62移向或离开上压纸滚筒106的打印域。
上惰辊136可转动地安装于所述上压纸滚筒106上方这样以使纸22放于所述上压纸滚筒106和上惰辊136之间。
一下部簧上惰辊138安装于所述下压纸滚筒108上以部分穿过限定于下压纸滚筒108的间隙140容放。配置并放置所述簧上惰辊138以挤压紧靠下主辊112。这样，纸22向上移动的部分被夹紧，并在下主辊112和所述簧上惰辊138之间通过。
所述打印总成14包括一位于所述上压纸滚筒106的所述切割域122上方并安装于壳体100内的切割机构142。该切割机构包括一在纸22上往返并切割纸22的切割器146。所述切割机构142包括一光学传感器144这样切割器146在其到达一次切割的末端时可以停下来。切割域122限定了一与所述切割器146配合以方便切割纸22的切割成型148。
从图6可以看到，所述打印总成14包括一气动叶轮150和一驱动该气动叶轮150的马达152。该气动叶轮150用于在壳体100内产生用于冷却目的气流。一空气过滤器153也位于所述壳体100内以过滤通过壳体100的空气。气动叶轮150也用于产生到达足够程度的气流以使形成于所述打印头模块46上的灰尘最少。
从图6还可以看到，主辊110、112与安装于一支架156上的齿轮箱154连接。齿轮箱154和支架156位于所述腿18之一上并由所述端模件34之一覆盖。这样，所述主辊110、112用于驱动纸22通过所述打印总成14。
一打印头支架157位于所述壳体100内，并在所述腿18之间延伸。所述打印头支架157为机架60和通道62提供了一支承结构。打印头支架157也为上惰辊136提供了一支承结构。
所述外壳100的形状应能限定一用于提供纸22进入所述打印总成14或从其出来通道的开口158。送进辊162可转动地安装于一在所述腿18之间延伸的系杆160。该送进辊162的定位应使纸被送进打印总成14时，纸22能通过所述送进辊162。所述系杆160也用作为所述打印机10提供结构刚度的结构目的。
释放辊164可转动安装于所述上压纸滚筒160。对释放辊164的定位应使当纸22由打印总成14送进时，纸22能通过所述释放辊164。
所述媒介辊166和拾取卷筒24分别由一媒介辊驱动马达168和一拾取卷筒驱动马达170驱动(图5)。
所述打印机10包括一位于所述电子壳体26内的供能单元172。该供能单元172配置为以110V或220V供能方式激励。而且，配置所述供能单元172使可以从该供能单元172得到高达90安培的电流。该供能单元172通过能量线缆173与所述打印机10的各种组件连接，如给这些组件供应必需的工作能量的各种驱动马达。
打印机10包括一同样位于电子外壳26内的ATX母板174。一打印头接口卡176安装于所述母板174上。该打印头接口卡176通过合适的数据线缆178与九个PCB42连接。这样，从母板174供应给所述接口卡176的传统打印数据可以转换为适合各PCB42读取的形式。
打印机10包括硬驱动单元(hard drive unit)180。为方便起见，硬驱动单元180可有40G字节的容量。这将有利于存储将要打印的整个图像。硬驱动单元180是传统的硬驱动单元，因此能够存储任何格式的图像，如熟知的JPEG格式。图像数据从硬驱动单元180读取的方式也是传统的。如下所述，本发明所用打印头技术的结果之一是能实现打印图像的数字控制。接下来，图像数据从硬驱动单元180传输到PCB42，通过打印头接口卡176就可以实现而不需要大量的数据转换，特别是，不需要数字模拟信号转换。
接口卡176也连接至一马达及液晶显示控制器PCB182以控制各种驱动马达以及所述TFT液晶显示器的工作。该控制的细节已在上述引用申请中列出因此这里不再叙述。所述马达和液晶显示控制器PCB182连接至与停止按钮38相连接可使打印机10停止工作的停止开关184。
如图14可以看到，每个打印头模块46包括一打印头芯片186。所述打印头芯片186可以是上面应用申请/专利中描述的任何一种打印头芯片。每个打印头模块46包括一所述打印头芯片186位于其内的托架187。所述托架187为与所述打印头芯片186相关联的软性PCB58限定了一合适的连接域。图13所示为一适合用于所述打印机10的打印头芯片186一部分的示意框图。每个打印头模块46包括那些公知为片上基准点(onchip fiducials)258。所述片上基准点258本质上是帮助打印头模块46在打印总成14内正确对齐的标记。
所述打印头芯片186在上述引用的美国申请No.09/112767中已经详细描述因此不在说明书中如此详细描述。不过，简要地说，芯片186包括一晶片衬层188。一CMOS驱动电路层190位于所述晶片衬层188上并与所述软性PCB58连接。
多个喷嘴装置210位于所述CMOS驱动电路层190上。为方便起见，图13中只示出了一个这样的喷嘴装置210。所述打印头芯片186包括多个复制的晶片衬层188上的喷嘴装置210。如上引用申请及专利所述，所述打印头芯片186是一集成电路制作技术的产品。为获取一产品复制组件是该制作技术一个众所周知的特征。这样，芯片制作领域的技术人员可以很容易地理解所述打印头芯片186。
每个喷嘴装置210包括一位于所述CMOS层190上从CMOS层190接收作动信号的热弯折作动器192。特别地，所述热弯折作动器192包括一安装于所述CMOS层190以从CMOS层190延伸的支承支柱194。该热弯折作动器192包括一固定于所述支承支柱194并从其延伸的作动器臂196。所述作动器臂196包括一形式为一种材料的电加热电路的加热层198，该材料具有这样的热膨胀系数，即该材料能够根据加热产生的膨胀在MEMS的尺度内做有用功。所述加热层198位于一材料层200上，该材料的热膨胀系数小于限定电加热电路的加热层198的热膨胀系数。加热层198位于层200和衬层188的中部这样当所述加热层198有电流通过时作动器臂196可以弯折与衬层188分离。
喷嘴腔壁202位于所述CMOS层190上。一顶壁204位于喷嘴腔壁202上。喷嘴腔壁202和顶壁204限定一喷嘴腔206。顶壁204限定一喷墨口208，使用时墨从该喷墨口喷出。
一桨状元件212安装于作动器臂196上以延伸进入喷嘴腔206。对该桨状元件212进行配置和定位以使，根据如上所述的动作臂196的位移，从所述喷嘴腔206中喷墨。
所述作动器臂196通过所述支承支柱194与CMOS层190连接这样以使加热层198可以从CMOS层190接收电信号。
从图3和图9可以看到，每个打印头芯片186都相对于沿打印域120长度方向的直线成一定角度放置。这有利于在打印头芯片186邻接的末端采取搭接措施以保证打印的连续性。
从上面引用的美国申请和专利可以很清楚的看到，如上所述的包括了打印头芯片的一个页宽打印头可结合多达84000个喷嘴装置。这样，通过使用所述打印头芯片186，所述打印总成14有可能具有超过多达200000的喷嘴装置。这样在打印域120内可以在纸22上打印超过200000个点。在一特别实施方式中，所述72个打印头芯片186给出了使用552960个喷嘴装置得到的57.6英寸的打印宽度。
每个芯片186的喷嘴装置210分为两行以交错方式并排放置。这样通过该打印头210可以获得真正的1600dpi打印。
因此每个打印头芯片186包括7680个喷嘴装置210。每个喷嘴装置210由PCB42独立控制可根据需要喷射1微微升的墨滴。所使用的集成电路制作技术基于已在上面被引用的申请和专利中完整描述的超大规模集成电路(VLSI)技术。作为所使用制造技术的结果，每个喷嘴装置210可以小到只有32微米宽。这可使每个打印头芯片186具有小至21mm2的表面积。
每个喷嘴装置210的特征在于其能够被与其相关联的PEC48以高达80KHz的循环速率驱动。这将可以进行每秒高达216亿墨滴的打印可在1600dpi下每小时打印35000平方英尺。
每个打印头芯片186通过软性PCB58与其相关联的PCB42相连接。这样，每个软性PCB58与其相关联的打印头芯片186的CMOS层190相连接。
每个PEC48是一从打印头接口176接收与压缩页面图像相关的输入数据的纸张着色引擎专用集成电路(ASIC)。PEC48以高达双层面(bi-level)六通道生成解压缩页面图像作为输出。应该理解，此实施方式中每个PEC48与八个打印头芯片186通讯。不过，每个PEC48能够与多达16个这样的打印头芯片186通讯。特别地，每个PEC48可以15000行/秒的速度对多达六色通道内的多达16个打印头芯片进行编址。这样每个PEC48可以实现12.8英寸的页宽从而对A3、A4和信纸全版打印。
每个PEC48的色彩空间任意。即意味着PEC48可以接收任何颜色的打印数据。虽然每个PEC48可以接受如CMYX或RGBX其中X为任意第四通道的连续调数据，但其也可以接收任何打印色彩空间的连续调数据。另外，对每个PEC48进行配置以限定一用于将输入通道任意映射至输出通道的机构。还要配置PEC48为了墨优化而组合点以及产生基于任何数量其他通道的通道。本实施方式中，数据输入典型地基于用于连续调打印的CMYK，K可以是一双层面输入、定色剂以及任意的其他墨。还对PEC48配置以产生一用于快速打印的定色剂通道。
每个PEC48配置为任意的分辨率。这就意味着每个PEC48可以简单通过各种比例因子提供输入分辨率和输入分辨率之间的映射。在本实施方式中，预计输入分辨率是1600dpi。当然，PEC48不存储达到此效果的任何数据。
每个PEC48也配置为任意页长。每个PEC48每次操作一个打印带而一页可以有任何数目的带。这样一“页”可以有任意合理的长度。
每个PEC48限定了一接口，这样可与其他PEC48同步，这也是本发明所需要的。这样可以为同时进行A3/A4/信纸的双面打印提供简单的双PEC方案。这同时也允许每个PEC48可以只打印一页的一部分。应该理解，将同步功能和部分页面打印相结合使得多个PEC易于组合以满足交替打印的需要包括同时双面打印、宽式打印、商用打印、专业的高分辨率且连续调打印、以及需要超过6个墨通道的打印应用场合。
下面的表格列出了每个PEC48的特征及其相关优点。
                        表1.PEC的特征和优点
    特征     优点
    优化的硬件打印结构     由一桌面PC可进行30ppm的全页像质彩色打印
    0.18微米CMOS(＞300万个晶体管)     高速、低成本、多功能
    每秒18亿个点     页面生成极快
    1600dpi时每秒15000行     每PEC芯片每秒可输出1.1A4纸/信纸
    1块芯片驱动多达122880个喷嘴     低成本页宽打印机
    1块芯片驱动多达6种颜色平面     99％的打印机每页可以只使用1块芯片
    复杂的内部存储缓冲器和缓存器     只需要一个外部存储器，系统成本低
    JPEG扩展     PC所需带宽低打印机需要的存储器小
    无损位平面扩展     使用低带宽PC处理高分辨率文本和行稿(如通过USB)
    网页特征位(netpage tag)扩展     生成交互纸张(interactive paper)
    随机分散点抖动     光学光滑图像质量无摩尔波纹效应
    6图像平面的硬件合成器     页面实时合成
    失效喷嘴(dead nozzle)补偿     延长打印头寿命并降低打印头成本
    任意的色彩空间     与所有的墨集合(inkset)和图像源相兼容，包括RGB、CMRK、点、CIEL*a*b*、高保真六色、YcrCbK、sRGB和其他类型
    色彩空间转换     高质量/低带宽
    计算机接口任意     可与USB1、USB2、IEEE1394(火线)、以太网、IEEE1248(Centrorics)工作
    可变页长     可打印任意页长(高达64km)
    分辨率可级联     可得任意分辨率的打印机
    色深可级联     可使用特殊的颜色集合如高保真六色
    图像大小可级联     可得任何打印宽度的打印机
    页面可级联     打印机可以同时双面打印
    速度可级联     可以制造极高速打印机
    定色剂通道数据生成     可使墨快速变干不浪费
    内置安全     保护收益模式
    基于逐点的底色去除     减少了墨的使用量
    不需要高速工作时的字型(font)     不用替换字型、不会丢失字型
    柔性的打印头配置     一种芯片形式可以支持多种配置的打印头
    直接驱动MemjetTM打印头     不需要打印驱动器芯片，成本较低
    确定点的正确的用墨量     不需要墨容器中的实际墨量监控系统
图10中所示为所述PEC48的一框图。所述PEC48包括一形式为高速接口214的微控制器接口，通过该接口一外部微控制器216可以往所述64M位DRAM芯片50写入。所述高速接口214形成了PEC48其一数据输入装置的一部分。
所述PEC48还包括一形式为一低速串行接口220的控制电路接口，通过该串行接口所述微控制器216可以所述PEC48和DRAM芯片50的寄存器。
所述PEC48还包括形式为一页面扩展单元(PEU)222的页面扩展电路，页面扩展单元接收与压缩页面相关的数据并将其转化为与双层面点相关的数据。还设置有形式为一行载入器/格式器单元224的行载入器(line loader)和行格式器(line formatter)电路，将去往打印头接口226的一给定打印行的点格式化，打印头接口226与每个打印头模块46的所述打印头芯片186直接通讯。
可见，PEC48执行三个基本任务。这些任务是：
a)通过低速接口220(或从外部DRAM芯片50)接受寄存器和DRAM访问命令。
b)通过高速接口214接受DRAM写访问(通常为压缩页带(page band)和寄存器命令块)。
c)将页带从外部DRAM芯片50转至所述打印头芯片186。
这些任务是独立的，不过，他们共享所述外部DRAM芯片50。因此需要仲裁。对PEC48进行配置以使转移页带所需的DRAM访问始终具有最高的优先权。
PEC48包括形式为一PEC控制器228的控制电路，该控制器228给外部客户(client)提供以单个32位数据块的方式对PEC寄存器、以及DRAM进行读写的手段。
所述DRAM芯片50与形式为一SDRAM控制器234的存储器存储控制电路相连接。然后，该SDRAM控制器234与形式为DRAM接口单元236的存储器存储控制电路相连接。
PEC48包括一数据总线230以及一低速串行总线232。SDRAM控制器234和DRAM接口单元236均与低速串行总线232相连。PEC控制器228与数据总线230相连。PEC控制器228还通过低速接口220与低速串行总线232相连。高速接口214、PEU222以及行载入器/格式器单元也与数据总线230连接。
使用时，由于PEC48打印来自DRAM的页带，在可以开始打印前一给定带B通过高速接口214载入DRAM。这样，当PEC48通过PEU转移带B时，带B+1可被载入DRAM。当带B+1开始扩展并打印时，带B+2可以被载入，依此类推。
下表简要描述了上述PEC48的各个组件。
                 表2.PEC内的单元(高层(high level))
单元缩写  单元名称 附图标记             描述
    DIU  DRAM接口单元   236 为DRAM提供读写访问各个PEC单元的接口。DIU为竞争单元之间提供仲裁并且响应DRAM请求到达SCU。
    HIS  高速接口   214 为外部客户(如微控制器)提供向DRAM写入的手段。
    LLFU  行载入器格式器单元   224 从行存储器中读取扩展页面图像，并为Memjet打印头将数据正确格式化。
    LSI  低速接口   220 为外部客户提供将命令送达PCU以及接收寄存读取的手段。
    PCU  PEC控制器   228 为外部客户提供以单个32位段方式读写PEC寄存器、以及读写DRAM的手段
    PEU  页面扩展单元   222 读取压缩页面数据并将同样数据的解压缩形式写至DRAM。
    PHI  打印头接口   226 负责将点数据送至Memjet打印头段并提供多PEC之间的行同步。
    SCU  SDRAM控制器单元   234   为DIU提供访问外部DRAM的手段
图11所示为PEU222的一个扩展框图。下表中简要描述了PEU222的各个组件。
                    表3.页面扩展单元内的单元(高层)
单元缩写  单元名称 附图标记     描述
    CDU  连续调解码器单元     238     扩展JPEG格式压缩的连续调层并将解压缩的连续调写至DRAM
    CLBI  连续调行缓冲器接口     240     提供CRU和HCU之间的行缓冲器
    CRU  连续调读取单元     242     从DRAM读取扩展的连续调图像
    DNC  失效喷嘴补偿器     244     通过将失效喷嘴数据扩散成周围点的误差来补偿失效喷嘴
    DWU  点行写单元     246     将一给定打印行点数据的6通道写至行存储器DRAM
    HCU     半调色(halftoner)合成单元     248     抖动连续调层并将双层面点0和位置特征位点合成。
    LBD  无损双层面解码器     250     扩展压缩的双层面层
    SLBI  点行缓冲接口     252     在LBD和HCU之间提供行缓冲器
    TE  特征位编码器     254     将特征位数据编码成特征位点的行
    TLBI  特征位行缓存器接口     256     在TE和HCU之间提供行缓存器
页面扩展的第一步沿一由CDU238/CRU242、LBD250和TE254限定的输送管发生。CDU238扩展JPEG压缩的连续调(通常为CMRK)层。LBD250扩展压缩的双层面层(通常为K)，TE254对用在后面的一步中用于转换的数据特征位(通常在红外墨)进行编码。CLBI240、SLBI252和TLBI256接收该步的输出数据。
HCU248执行第二步。HCU248抖动(dither)一连续调层并将位置特征位和一双层面点0层合成为一个双层面抖动层。调整HCU248产生的数据流以得到越过搭接段或打印头芯片186的平滑过渡。对HCU248进行配置合成产生的方式存在一些选择权。这一步骤可以生成高达6通道的双层面数据。应该注意的是，打印头芯片186上并不是要有所有的6个通道。例如，打印头芯片186可以只是CMY，K与CMY通道合并而忽略IR。或者，如果IR墨不可用或者出于测试目的，可用K打印上述的位置特征位。
DNC244完成第三步。这步骤中，DNC244通过将失效喷嘴数据扩散进入周围点的误差补偿打印头芯片186内的失效喷嘴。
上述步骤产生的双层面、六通道点数据(通常为CMYK-IRF)通过DWU246缓存并写出至存储于所述离线(off-chip)DRAM内的一组行缓存。
最后一步中，所述点数据从DRAM载出，为所述打印头进行格式化，通过一点FIFO(未图示)到达打印头接口226。所述点FIFO以采样时钟的速率接受来自所述行载入器/格式器单元224，而打印头接口226移交来自FIFO的数据并以或采样时钟/4或采样时钟/2或采样时钟的速率传送到打印头芯片186。
图12简单显示了结合了分解的PEU222的PEC48。
与打印头芯片186相关的打印优点已经在上面被引用的申请和专利中详细列出。不过，当应用于宽打印格式时有些优点尤其重要。
一特别的优势是每个打印头芯片186的大数目喷嘴装置210。这有助于极快打印，这样一个打印循环可以获得一图像带。这样，不再需要使用其他的打印循环以填充当使用扫描式打印头时“错过的”点。
PEC48提供上述打印头芯片186必要的同步控制。而且，从上面被引用的申请和专利，如09/113053，可以清楚，所述打印头芯片186可以实现从模拟打印过程到完全数字过程的转换。这可以得到很大柔性及高度。通过PEC48控制打印头芯片186的数字控制。PEC48数字控制打印头芯片186可允许高达216亿墨滴每秒的高速打印。尤其是，不再需要单独的打印头芯片驱动器，这对于芯片186高的打印速度是重要的。
CMOS层的加入可在每个打印头芯片186上集成CMOS技术和MEMS技术。这样，至少每个喷嘴装置210不再需要一个离线连接。应该理解，这样的需要将会使打印头不可靠并且制造成本过高。
与所述打印机10相关联的另一个优势在于打印域120的宽度与其长度相比特别小。在一特别实施方式中，打印域120可以只有0.5mm厚。应该理解，为了在打印域中正确打印，有必要使纸张在通过打印域120时极稳定运动。所述打印域120较窄的宽度有助于在纸22通过打印域时对其控制最少。
当设置一大致较宽的打印域时，将必须对纸22通过此打印域的运动进行更多的控制。这将需要诸如真空压纸滚筒的装置用来保持纸22对抗其在通过打印域时的各种转动或横向运动。这将大大增加所述宽式打印机的成本。
这也解释了在尝试获取所述打印机10的打印特征时为什么热式或气泡喷墨式以及压电打印头并非实用选择的原因。如上被引用申请和专利所列出的，这样的打印头不适用于提供上面所述打印头所能获得的高密度喷嘴装置。因此，当尝试将热式和压电式打印头应用于一宽式打印机时，必须具有一相对宽的打印域这样打印头的搭接可以达到一必要程度。这时将立即面临上述问题。而且，尤其对于热式打印头，将需要一合适的冷却系统用于将打印域内的温度保持在一合理水平。这也会将成本增加到一不可接受的高水平。
为了评价1600dpi分辨率下打印机10的速度，下面列出了对比表格。应该注意的是下面表格的目的只是简单示出打印速度而并不是意图贬低用以作比的各种打印机。
宽式打印机
 Memjet  OEM打印头打印宽度(英寸)打印头芯片数量喷嘴数量 38.4      44.8     51.2     57.6     64.0     70.4      76.848        56       64       72       80       88        96368,640； 430,080；491,520；552,960；614,400；675,840； 73,280
 最高打印速度(平方英尺/小时，分辨率1600×1600dpi) 17,578    20,508   23,438   26,367   29,297   32,227    35,156
 厂商     型号     分辨率  速度 速度优势(快的倍数)
 比较  HPHPEPSONEncadGretagGretagColorspanCanonMutohRolandNur   1000/50003000/35007000/10000Novajet800ArizonaArizonaMachx11BJW9000AlbatrossHiFi JetFresco  600×600600×300720×720600×600绘图模式309×618600×600600×1200792×792720×720360×360  120729096444220115726596300 146       171      195      220      244      269       293244       285      326      366      407      448       488195       288      260      293      326      358       391183       214      244      275      305      336       36640        46       53       59       66       73        7980        93       107      120      133      146       160153       178      204      229      255      280       306244       285      326      366      407      448       488270       316      361      406      451      496       541183       214      244      275      305      336       36659        68       78       88       98       107       117
集成电路制作领域的技术人员知道，尽管制造集成电路装置的建设成本会很高，而这种装置的商业制造成本相对低。因此，本申请人预见，依照本发明的宽式打印机其制造成本将可比于上表上列出的宽式打印机制造成本。
显然，对于本领域技术人员而言，可以在不背离本发明的主旨和范围的情况下，对此处描述的实施方式做出各种修改和变化。

Claims (18)

1.一种处理用于打印的图像的方法，该方法包括如下步骤：
接收图像存储格式的图像数据；
以每秒至少10亿像素的速率将所述图像数据转换为打印数据；以及
将所述打印数据传输至打印头。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，包括将所述图像数据以每秒至少100亿像素的速率转换为打印数据的步骤。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法，包括将所述图像数据以每秒至少200亿像素的速率转换为打印数据的步骤。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，包括以每秒至少200亿像素的速率将所述打印数据传输至所述打印头的步骤。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，包括接收压缩格式的图像数据的步骤、以及转换所述图像数据的步骤，包括将所述图像数据扩展得到代表解压页面图像的输出数据的步骤。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，包括扩展所述图像数据得到代表双层面格式六颜色通道的输出数据。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，将所述打印数据传输至打印头的步骤包括根据所述打印数据对所述打印头的多个打印头芯片进行编址的步骤。
8.一种用于打印机的图像处理装置，所述图像处理装置包括
一数据输入装置，配置为接收图像存储格式的图像数据；
一数据处理装置，其操作性连接于所述数据输入装置，并配置为以每秒至少10亿像素的速率处理所述图像数据将所述数据转换为打印数据；以及
一数据传输装置，其操作性连接于所述数据处理装置，并配置为将所述打印数据传输到打印头。
9.如权利要求8所述的图像处理装置，包括至少一个打印引擎控制器，所述数据输入装置、所述数据处理装置、及所述数据传输装置至少部分被所述打印引擎控制器所限定。
10.如权利要求9所述的图像处理装置，包括至少一个存储器存储装置，所述或每个，存储器存储装置与一相应打印引擎控制器相连以方便所述图像和打印数据的临时存储然后所述图像和打印数据被处理并被传输到所述打印头。
11.如权利要求10所述的图像处理装置，包括至少一个微控制器，通过微控制器接口与一相应打印引擎控制器相连以控制所述打印引擎控制器的工作，所述数据输入装置包括所述微控制器接口。
12.如权利要求11所述的图像处理装置，包括多个打印引擎控制器、多个对应的存储器存储装置以及多个微控制器，每个打印引擎控制器、每个存储器存储装置和每个微控制器都操作性可连接于一套打印头芯片，所述打印头由这组打印头芯片中的一些限定。
13.如权利要求12所述的图像处理装置，每个打印引擎控制器的形式为专用集成电路(ASIC)，包括一便于所述打印引擎控制器各个组件之间通讯的数据总线。
14.如权利要求13所述的图像处理装置，其中，每个打印头引擎控制器包括存储器存储控制电路和操作性连接于相关存储器存储装置和所述数据总线之间的存储器存储接口电路，所述存储器存储接口电路配置为用于提供接口，为所述打印引擎控制器的各个组件读写访问所述存储器存储装置，并在读写访问所述存储器存储装置的竞争组件之间提供仲裁，所述存储器存储控制电路配置为提供访问所述存储器存储装置的所述存储器存储接口电路。
15.如权利要求14所述的图像处理装置，其中，每个打印引擎控制器包括控制电路和控制电路接口，所述控制电路操作性连接在所述数据总线和所述控制电路接口之间，所述控制电路配置为提供用具有预定位大小的数据块读写所述打印引擎控制器的寄存器以及读写所述存储器存储装置的手段，所述控制电路接口配置为接收通过控制电路写入的寄存器读取。
16.如权利要求15所述的图像处理装置，其中，每个打印引擎控制器包括操作性连接于所述数据总线并配置为读取压缩图像数据以及写出解压图像数据的页面扩展电路。
17.如权利要求16所述的图像处理装置，其中，每个打印引擎控制器包括行载入器和行格式化电路以及打印头接口电路，所述行载入器和行格式化电路连接在所述数据总线和操作性连接于相关打印头芯片的所述打印头接口电路之间，所述行载入器和行格式化电路配置为读取所述解压图像数据、为所述打印头芯片格式化所述解压图像数据以及将所述格式化的解压图像数据写至所述打印头接口，所述打印头接口电路配置为用于将点数据送至所述打印头芯片以及在多个所述打印引擎控制器之间提供合适同步。
18.一种喷墨打印机，包括
一支承结构；
一位于所述支承结构内的压纸滚筒；
一打印总成，相对所述压纸滚筒操作性定位以限定所述压纸滚筒和所述打印总成之间的打印域，所述打印总成包括
一拉长的托架；以及
若干位于所述托架上的打印头芯片，所述打印头芯片一起限定了一打印头；
一图像处理装置，相对所述打印总成操作性放置，所述图像处理装置包括
一数据输入装置，配置为接收图像存储格式的图像数据；
一种数据处理装置，配置为以每秒至少10亿像素的速率处理所述图像数据将所述数据转换为打印数据；以及
一数据传输装置，配置为将所述打印数据传输到所述打印头；以及
一送进机构，位于所述支承结构上用于将打印媒介送进通过所述打印域。
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