CN1354737A - 新颖的3,3-二苯基丙胺衍生物 - Google Patents
新颖的3,3-二苯基丙胺衍生物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1354737A CN1354737A CN99806038A CN99806038A CN1354737A CN 1354737 A CN1354737 A CN 1354737A CN 99806038 A CN99806038 A CN 99806038A CN 99806038 A CN99806038 A CN 99806038A CN 1354737 A CN1354737 A CN 1354737A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- diisopropylaminoethyl
- phenyl
- acid
- phenyl propyl
- ester
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 benzoyl glycyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 153
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 97
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 83
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 81
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Natural products CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000001743 benzylic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 18
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Natural products CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- IRMDWNQJKRIQPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(C)N(C(C)C)CCCCC(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=C(C=CC(=C1)CO)O Chemical compound C(C)(C)N(C(C)C)CCCCC(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=C(C=CC(=C1)CO)O IRMDWNQJKRIQPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Galacturonsaeure Natural products O=CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ATZPTVFHAPFFOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].CC1=CC=CC=C1O Chemical compound [O].CC1=CC=CC=C1O ATZPTVFHAPFFOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940043279 diisopropylamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- UQOFGTXDASPNLL-XHNCKOQMSA-N Muscarine Chemical compound C[C@@H]1O[C@H](C[N+](C)(C)C)C[C@H]1O UQOFGTXDASPNLL-XHNCKOQMSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001022 anti-muscarinic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 8
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical group CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000539 amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical compound [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- ODIGIKRIUKFKHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (n-propan-2-yloxycarbonylanilino) acetate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)N(OC(C)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODIGIKRIUKFKHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003147 glycosyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004916 (C1-C6) alkylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical group [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052805 deuterium Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005359 phenoxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006201 3-phenylpropyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- HQCDHTSGYRVKOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)C(=O)OCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)C(CCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2 Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)OCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)C(CCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2 HQCDHTSGYRVKOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PKSYPAHXQFLXPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)N(CCCCC(C1=CC=CC=C1)C2=C(C=CC(=C2)COC(=O)C)O)C(C)C Chemical compound CC(C)N(CCCCC(C1=CC=CC=C1)C2=C(C=CC(=C2)COC(=O)C)O)C(C)C PKSYPAHXQFLXPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NTPQAOJRSQQJSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)N(CCCCC(C1=CC=CC=C1)C2=C(C=CC(=C2)COC(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3)O)C(C)C Chemical compound CC(C)N(CCCCC(C1=CC=CC=C1)C2=C(C=CC(=C2)COC(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3)O)C(C)C NTPQAOJRSQQJSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OHRNKQYMMCOCQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)N(CCCCC(C1=CC=CC=C1)C2=C(C=CC(=C2)COC=O)O)C(C)C Chemical compound CC(C)N(CCCCC(C1=CC=CC=C1)C2=C(C=CC(=C2)COC=O)O)C(C)C OHRNKQYMMCOCQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QRONGBSUIISVLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1=C(C=CC(=C1C(CCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2)O)OC Chemical compound CC1=C(C=CC(=C1C(CCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2)O)OC QRONGBSUIISVLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WUFZXQDDSUGZQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCC(=O)OCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)C(CCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2 Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)C(CCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2 WUFZXQDDSUGZQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OGQVTOBPWIVDRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC(=O)OCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)C(CCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2 Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)C(CCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2 OGQVTOBPWIVDRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UVUMMBJWTOVPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCOCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)C(CCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2 Chemical compound CCOCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)C(CCCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2 UVUMMBJWTOVPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- APRJFNLVTJWEPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylcarbamic acid Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(O)=O APRJFNLVTJWEPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000371 Esterases Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic acid Chemical compound CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DWLVWMUCHSLGSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylcarbamic acid Chemical compound CN(C)C(O)=O DWLVWMUCHSLGSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KWBIXTIBYFUAGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylcarbamic acid Chemical compound CCNC(O)=O KWBIXTIBYFUAGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033444 hydroxylation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005805 hydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004344 phenylpropyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005129 aryl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005161 aryl oxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002561 ketenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- CFHIDWOYWUOIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomethyl Chemical compound O=[CH] CFHIDWOYWUOIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWXJULSLLONQHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylcarbamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 PWXJULSLLONQHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- IWZSHWBGHQBIML-ZGGLMWTQSA-N (3S,8S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-17-isoquinolin-7-yl-N,N,10,13-tetramethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-amine Chemical compound CN(C)[C@H]1CC[C@]2(C)C3CC[C@@]4(C)[C@@H](CC[C@@H]4c4ccc5ccncc5c4)[C@@H]3CC=C2C1 IWZSHWBGHQBIML-ZGGLMWTQSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003149 muscarinic antagonist Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- KISZTEOELCMZPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-diphenylpropylamine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CCN)C1=CC=CC=C1 KISZTEOELCMZPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 114
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 61
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 57
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical class ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 29
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 25
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 21
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 20
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229960004756 ethanol Drugs 0.000 description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 17
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 15
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 10
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 9
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- OOGJQPCLVADCPB-HXUWFJFHSA-N tolterodine Chemical compound C1([C@@H](CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C)C=2C(=CC=C(C)C=2)O)=CC=CC=C1 OOGJQPCLVADCPB-HXUWFJFHSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229960004045 tolterodine Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- BDIAUFOIMFAIPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N valepotriate Natural products CC(C)CC(=O)OC1C=C(C(=COC2OC(=O)CC(C)C)COC(C)=O)C2C11CO1 BDIAUFOIMFAIPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IFBPJCUUTXMZLB-LJQANCHMSA-N (3r)-3-(5-bromo-2-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanoic acid Chemical compound C1([C@@H](CC(=O)O)C=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)OCC=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=CC=C1 IFBPJCUUTXMZLB-LJQANCHMSA-N 0.000 description 7
- IFBPJCUUTXMZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(5-bromo-2-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropanoic acid Chemical compound C=1C(Br)=CC=C(OCC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1C(CC(=O)O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IFBPJCUUTXMZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 206010046543 Urinary incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 150000001263 acyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XIQVNETUBQGFHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ditropan Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)(C(=O)OCC#CCN(CC)CC)C1CCCCC1 XIQVNETUBQGFHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C219/00—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C219/26—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of at least one six-membered aromatic ring and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C217/00—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C217/02—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having etherified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C217/48—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having etherified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being unsaturated and containing rings
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- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C217/00—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C217/54—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having etherified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of at least one six-membered aromatic ring and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C217/56—Compounds containing amino and etherified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having etherified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of at least one six-membered aromatic ring and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton with amino groups linked to the six-membered aromatic ring, or to the condensed ring system containing that ring, by carbon chains not further substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
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Abstract
本发明涉及通式I和VII′所示的3,3-二苯基丙胺和它们与生理学上可接受的酸生成的盐、游离碱和/或外消旋混合物和各对映体。各基团和符号的定义见说明书。它们适用于作为抗毒蕈碱药物中的活性物质。
Description
本发明涉及新颖的3,3-二苯基丙胺衍生物、它们的制备方法、含有该新化合物的药物组合物和该化合物在制备药物中的用途。
在人类中,正常的膀胱收缩主要是通过胆碱能毒蕈碱受体的刺激作用来介导的。有理由相信,毒蕈碱受体不仅介导正常的膀胱收缩,而且介导活动过度的膀胱收缩的主要部分,导致尿频、尿急和尿失禁等症状。为此,有人已经建议将抗毒蕈碱药物用于膀胱活动过度的治疗。
在市场上可以得到的抗毒蕈碱药物中,奥昔布宁目前被公认为尿失禁和其他与膀胱活动过度有关的症状的药物治疗的黄金标准。奥昔布宁的功效已经在若干临床研究中得到证明,但是由于抗毒蕈碱的副作用,奥昔布宁的临床应用是有限的。口干是最常见的副作用,它可能足以严重到导致顺应性差或治疗中止的程度(Andersson,K.-E.,1988“排尿病症治疗中的流行观念”《药物》35,477-494;Kelleher等1994)。
托特罗定是一种新颖的、强效的、竞争性毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂,用于尿失禁和逼肌活动过强的治疗。临床前期药理学数据显示,托特罗定体内对膀胱表现出良好的组织选择性,超过对流涎的作用(Nilvebrant等1997“托特罗定:新颖的膀胱选择性抗毒蕈剂”《欧洲药理学杂志》327(1997),195-207),而奥昔布宁表现出相反的选择性。托特罗定在对膀胱毒蕈碱受体的作用上与奥昔布宁是等效的,临床前期研究中证明的托特罗定的良好的组织选择性已经在临床研究中得到证实。因此在具有良好的临床疗效的同时,口干和抗毒蕈碱的副作用的发生率也是非常低的。
托特罗定的主要代谢产物是5-羟甲基衍生物,也是强效毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂,该代谢产物的体外和体内药理学几乎与托特罗定相同(Nilvebrant等1997《欧洲药理学杂志》327(1997),195-207)。药理学和药动学数据联合指出,最有可能是该代谢产物对多数患者中取得临床效果作出了贡献。
WO 94/11337提出将托特罗定的活性代谢产物作为新的尿失禁药物。活性代谢产物直接对患者给药比托特罗定有利之处在于,患者所要处理的仅为一种活性成分(化合物),在正常情况下,应当仅引起很小的患者间疗效与副作用差异和与其他药物发生相互作用的危险。
不过,托特罗定中额外羟基的引入导致新化合物(3,3-二苯基丙胺)比母体化合物的亲水性增加了,在正常情况下,导致吸收作用/生物利用度降低,由未被吸收的抗毒蕈碱药物引起早期全身(pre-systemic)副作用或相互作用。在一种避开该缺点的方法中,合成该代谢产物的不同药物前体,试验它们的抗毒蕈碱活性、可能通过生物膜的吸收和酶的裂解。
本发明的一个目的是提供新颖的3,3-二苯基丙胺衍生物。本发明的进一步目的是提供这样的新颖3,3-二苯基丙胺衍生物,它作为用于尿失禁和其他由毒蕈碱机理导致的致痉状态的治疗的药物前体将是更有用的,同时避免了药物通过生物膜的吸收太低或不良代谢的缺点。
本发明的进一步目的是提供新颖的抗毒蕈碱剂的药物前体,具有比奥昔布宁和托特罗定等现有药物更优异的药动学性质,还提供其制备方法、含有它们的药物组合物、使用所述化合物的方法和用于尿失禁、胃肠活动过强(肠易激综合征)和其他平滑肌收缩状态的治疗的组合物。
按照本发明,提供了新颖的3,3-二苯基丙胺衍生物,是由通式I和VII’所代表的
其中R和R’独立地选自
a)氢、C1-C6烷基、C3-C10环烷基、取代或未取代的苄基、烯丙基或糖基;或
b)甲酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、环烷基羰基、取代或未取代的芳基羰基,优选为苯甲酰基;或
其中R6和R7独立地代表C1-C6烷基、取代或未取代的芳基,优选为取代或未取代的苯基、苄基或苯氧基烷基,其中的烷基残基具有1至6个碳原子;或
f)无机酸的酯部分,
g)-SiRaRbRc,其中的Ra、Rb、Rc独立地选自C1-C4烷基或芳基,优选为苯基,
其前提条件是,如果R是氢,则R’不是氢、甲基或苄基,
其中的R8和R9代表非芳族烃基,它们可以是相同或不同的,共同含有至少三个碳原子,其中R8和R9可以与胺氮原子共同形成一个环,
Y和Z独立地代表(CH2)n基与羰基之间的单键、O、S或NH,
A代表氢(1H)或氘(2H),
n是0至12,
和
它们与生理学上可接受的酸生成的盐、它们的游离碱,当化合物可以是旋光异构体的形式时,还提供了外消旋混合物和各对映体。
上述化合物可以与生理学上可接受的有机与无机酸形成盐。进而,上述化合物包含游离碱及其盐。该酸加成盐的实例包括氢氯酸盐、氢溴酸盐等。
当该新颖的化合物是旋光异构体的形式时,本发明包含外消旋混合物以及各对映体本身。
优选地,R8和R9各自独立地表示饱和的烃基,尤其是饱和的脂族烃基,例如C1-C8烷基、尤其是C1-C6烷基,或金刚烷基,R8和R9共同包含至少三个、优选为至少四个碳原子。
按照本发明的另一种实施方式,至少R8和R9之一包含一条分支的碳链。
基团a)是特别优选的。
上述叔氨基X描述在WO 94/11337中,根据本发明的化合物可以利用相应的原料化合物获得。
在根据本发明的化合物中,术语“烷基”优选地代表具有1至6个碳原子的直链或支链烃基。该烃基可以选自甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、戊基和己基。术语“环烷基”表示具有3至10个碳原子的环状烃基,可以被适当地取代。
术语“取代或未取代的苄基”表示在苯环上可任选被一个或多个取代基取代的苄基-CH2-C6H5。适当的取代基选自烷基、烷氧基、卤素、硝基等。适当的卤原子是氟、氯和碘原子。优选的取代的苄基是4-甲基苄基、2-甲基苄基、4-甲氧基苄基、2-甲氧基苄基、4-硝基苄基、2-硝基苄基、4-氯苄基和2-氯苄基。
在根据本发明的化合物中,术语“C1-C6烷基羰基”表示基团R-C(=O)-,其中的R是如前文所定义的烷基。优选的C1-C6烷基羰基选自乙酰、丙酰、异丁酰、丁酰、戊酰和新戊酰。术语“环烷基羰基”表示基团R-C(=O)-,其中的R是如前文所定义的环状烃基。相同情况适用于所选择的羰基。
术语“芳基”表示芳族烃基,例如苯基-(C6H5-)、萘基-(C10H7-)、蒽基-(C14H9-)等。根据本发明的优选的芳基是苯基和萘基,而苯基是特别优选的。
术语“苯甲酰基”表示式-CO-C6H5的酰基,其中的苯环可以具有一个或多个取代基。
芳基、特别是苯基的优选的取代基选自烷基、烷氧基、卤素和硝基。作为取代的苯甲酰基,可以提到4-甲基苯甲酰基、2-甲基苯甲酰基、4-甲氧基苯甲酰基、2-甲氧基苯甲酰基、4-氯苯甲酰基、2-氯苯甲酰基、4-硝基苯甲酰基和2-硝基苯甲酰基。
术语“C1-C6烷氧羰基”指基团ROC(=O)-,其中的R是如前文所定义的烷基。优选的C1-C6烷氧羰基选自CH3OC(=O)-、C2H5-OC(=O)-、C3H7OC(=O)-、(CH3)3COC(=O)-和脂环族烷氧羰基。
术语“氨基酸残基”表示天然来源的或合成的氨基酸的残基。特别优选的氨基酸残基选自由甘氨酰基、缬氨酰基、亮氨酰基、异亮氨酰基、苯丙氨酰基、脯氨酰基、丝氨酰基、苏氨酰基、甲硫氨酰基、羟基脯氨酰基。
氨基酸残基可以被适当的基团取代,作为取代的氨基酸残基,可以提到苯甲酰甘氨酰基和N-乙酰甘氨酰基。
术语“糖基”表示式CnH2nOn或Cn(H2O)n的多羟基醛或多羟基酮的残基,相应的糖基例如描述在Aspinal《多糖》,组约:科学出版社1982,1983中。根据本发明的化合物中优选的糖基是葡糖醛酸糖基(glucuronosyl),特别是1β-D-葡糖醛酸糖基。
本文所用的术语“LG”表示离去基团,选自卤根、羧酸根、咪唑化物等。
本文所用的术语“Bn”表示苄基。
适当的无机酸的酯部分可以是从硫酸和磷酸等无机酸衍生而来的。
根据本发明的优选化合物是:
A)由通式II和II’代表的酚型单酯
其中R1代表氢、C1-C6烷基或苯基。
特别优选的酚型单酯列在下面:
(±)-甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-乙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-丙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-正丁酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-异丁酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
R-(+)-异丁酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2-乙酰氨基乙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-环戊烷羧酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-环己烷羧酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
R-(+)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-4-甲基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2-甲基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2-乙酰氧基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-1-萘甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2-萘甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-4-氯苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-4-甲氧基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2-甲氧基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-4-硝基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2-硝基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-丙二酸双[2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基]酯,
(±)-琥珀酸双[2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基]酯,
(±)-戊二酸双[2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基]酯,
(±)-己二酸双[2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基]酯。
其中R1是如上所定义的。
特别优选的相同的二酯列在下面:
(±)-甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲酰氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-乙酸4-乙酰氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,
(±)-丙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-丙酰氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-正丁酸4-正丁酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
(±)-异丁酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-异丁酰氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-(2,2-二甲基丙酰氧基)苄基酯,
(±)-苯甲酸4-苯甲酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
R-(+)-苯甲酸4-苯甲酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
(±)-戊-4-烯酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-(戊-4-烯酰氧甲基)苯基酯,
中间体B的环辛-4-烯-1,8-二酸酯,
中间体B的环辛烷-1,8-二酸酯,
中间体B的多-共-DL-交酯。
其中R1是如上所定义的,R2代表氢、C1-C6烷基或苯基,
其前提条件是,R1和R2是不相同的。
特别优选的混合的二酯列在下面:
(±)-乙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲酰氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲酰氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙酰氧甲基苯基酯,
R-(+)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙酰氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-异丁酸4-乙酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
R-(+)-异丁酸4-乙酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸4-乙酰氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸4-乙酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
(±)-苯甲酸4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯。
其中R1是如上所定义的。
特别优选的苄型单酯列在下面:
(±)-甲酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,
(±)-乙酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,
(±)-丙酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,
(±)-丁酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,
(±)-异丁酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,
(±)-苯甲酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯。
E)由通式VI代表的醚和甲硅烷基醚
其中至少R10和R11之一选自C1-C6烷基、苄基或如上所定义的-SiRaRbRc,R10和R11的另一个可以另外代表氢、C1-C6烷基羰基或苯甲酰基。
特别优选的醚和甲硅烷基醚列在下面:
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲氧甲基苯酚,
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙氧甲基苯酚,
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-丙氧甲基苯酚,
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-异丙氧甲基苯酚,
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-丁氧甲基苯酚,
(±)-乙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-乙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-三甲基甲硅烷氧甲基苯酚,
(±)-二异丙基-[3-苯基-3-(2-三甲基甲硅烷氧基-5-三甲基甲硅烷氧甲基苯基)丙基]胺,
(±)-[3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-三甲基甲硅烷氧苯基]甲醇,
(±)-二异丙基-[3-(5-甲氧甲基-2-三甲基甲硅烷氧苯基)-3-苯基丙胺,
(±)-二异丙基-[3-(5-乙氧甲基-2-三甲基甲硅烷氧苯基)-3-苯基丙胺,
(±)-[4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基]甲醇,
(±)-乙酸4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,
(±)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯酚,
(±)-乙酸4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
(±)-{3-[2-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧甲基)苯基]-3-苯基丙基}二异丙胺,
(±)-[4-(叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷氧基)-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基]甲醇,
(±)-乙酸4-(叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷氧甲基)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
(±)-4-(叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷氧甲基)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯酚,
(±)-{3-[2-(叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷氧基)-5-(叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷氧甲基)苯基]-2-苯基丙基}二异丙胺,
(±)-乙酸4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,
(±)-苯甲酸4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,
(±)-异丁酸4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-(1β-D-葡糖醛酸糖基氧甲基)苯酚。
F)由通式VII和VIII代表的碳酸酯和氨基甲酸酯
其中R4和R5是如上所定义的。
特别优选的碳酸酯和氨基甲酸酯列在下面:
(±)-N-乙基氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-N,N-二甲基氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-N,N-二乙基氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-N-苯基氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-[2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯氧羰基氨基]乙酸乙酯盐酸盐,
(±)-N-乙基氨基甲酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-N-乙基氨基甲酰氧苄基酯,
(±)-N,N-二甲基氨基甲酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰氧苄基酯,
(±)-N,N-二乙基氨基甲酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰氧苄基酯,
(±)-N-苯基氨基甲酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-N-苯基氨基甲酰氧苄基酯,
(±)-{4-[2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯氧羰基氨基]丁基}氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-碳酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯乙基酯,
(±)-碳酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯苯基酯,
(±)-碳酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙氧羰基氧甲基苯基酯乙基酯,
(±)-碳酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-苯氧羰基氧甲基苯基酯苯基酯。
G)3,3-二苯基丙胺,选自
其中o和p是相同或不同的,代表亚甲基单位-(-CH2-)-的个数,可以是0至6,
(ii)(±)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-磺氧甲基苯基酯
(iii)2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚的多-共-DL-交酯
(iv)下式的(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-(1β-D-葡糖醛酸糖基氧甲基)苯酚
和
它们与生理学上可接受的酸生成的盐、它们的游离碱,以及当化合物可以是旋光异构体形式时,它们的外消旋混合物和各对映体。
本发明进一步涉及上述化合物的制备方法。特别是按照本发明,提供了下列方法:
该酰化剂选自
其中LG代表选自卤根、羧酸根和咪唑化物的离去基团,R1是如上所定义的。
其中Hal代表卤原子,优选为氯原子,R1是如上所定义的。
包括用一种酰化剂处理两当量的下式化合物
该酰化剂选自
其中Hal代表卤原子,优选为氯原子。
因此在这些方法中,在一种缩合剂(例如胺)的存在下,在一种惰性溶剂中,用当量的一种酰化剂(例如酰卤或酸酐)处理下式中间体B
如果使用多官能酰化剂(例如酰卤,优选为二羧酸的酰氯),则分别得到式II或式II’的酚型单酯(其中n是0-12)。
或者,可以通过被保护的苄型羟基的区域选择性去保护作用(化学方法或酶学方法:T.W.Greene,P.G.M.Wuts《有机化学中的保护基团》第2版,J.Wily & Sons,New York 1991),得到式II或II’结构。
可以通过这样一种方法制备,该方法包括,用至少两当量的如上所定义的酰化剂R1-C(=O)-LG处理下式化合物
其中R’表示苄基。中间体A可以以外消旋混合物或旋光活性化合物的形式使用(类似于中间体B)。
其中R1是如上所定义的,
于是,该方法涉及具有对-酰氧甲基取代基的苯酚的制备(参见式V)。这些化合物可以在新引入的取代基R1CO的存在下,分若干化学步骤、从中间体制备,例如式I化合物—其中R代表氢,R’是氢或任意适当的—可以通过已知方法除去的保护基团(T.W.Greene,P.G.M.Wuts《有机化学中的保护基团》第2版,J.Wily & Sons,New York 1991)而制备。不过已经发现,如果在室温和无水条件下,在选自脂酶或酯酶的酶的存在下,用活化的酯(例如乙烯基酰化物、异丙烯基酰化物)处理中间体B,则苄型取代基R1CO可以更适宜地仅在一个步骤中引入。
其中R1和R2是如上所定义的,
其中R1是如上所定义的,
一般来说,由通式IV代表的混合的二酯可以通过通式I化合物的酰化作用得到,式I中R和R’是不同的取代基,选自氢、酰基残基或可在酰化反应条件下断裂的保护基团。
其中R11是氢,
与醇R10-OH在一种酯化催化剂的存在下反应。
其中R10和R11是如前文所定义的,
包括在适当的羟基试剂的存在下,用酸或碱处理游离苄型醇,选自
和
或
其中R10是氢,R11是如上所定义的,
或
其中R12是氢,R13代表C1-C6烷氧羰基或
其中R4和R5是如上所定义的,
其中R1和R2是如前文所定义的。
最后,式VI的醚可以通过这样一种方法制备,该方法包括,用一种烷基化剂处理下式化合物
其中R10是如上所定义的,
该烷基化剂选自烷基卤、烷基硫酸酯和烷基三氟甲磺酸酯,所述烷基具有1至6个碳原子。
总之,苄型羟基的区域选择性修饰既可通过在适当羟基试剂(例如醇)的存在下,用酸或碱处理苄型酰化物来实现,也可通过催化的醚生成反应来实现,后者如其他苄型反应物的文献所述(J.M.Saa,A.Llobera,A.Garcia-Raso,A.Costa,P.M.Deya《有机化学杂志》53:4263-4273(1988))。游离苄型醇、例如中间体A和B或式II或VI(其中R10是氢)或式VII(其中R12是氢)化合物,以及苄型酰化物、例如式III、IV、V化合物,都可以充当苄型醚的制备原料(B.Loubinoux,J.Miazimbakana,P.Gerardin《四面体快报》30:1939-1942(1989))。
同样,使用烷基化剂、例如烷基卤、烷基硫酸酯、烷基三氟甲磺酸酯,或者利用Mitsunobu型反应条件(《合成》1981,1-28),酚型羟基易于转化为苯基醚(R11=烷基)。类似地,酚型和醇型单甲硅烷基醚都是通过中间体B的双甲硅烷基醚的区域选择性作甲硅烷基化作用或脱甲硅烷基作用而得到的,如其他化合物的文献所述(J.Paladino,C.Guyard,C.Thurieau,J.-L.Fauchere《瑞士化学学报》76:2465-2472(1993);Y.Kawazoe,M.Nomura,Y.Kondo,K.Kohda《四面体快报》26:4307-4310(1987))。
其中R1是如上所定义的,n是0至12,Bn是苄基,R10或R11是氢,与选自卤代甲酸酯、烯酮、活化的酯、有机或无机酸的混合酸酐、异氰酸酯和异硫氰酸酯的活化的羰基化合物或羰基前体试剂反应。
偶联反应可以在惰性溶剂中、在-10℃至所用溶剂或试剂的回流温度的温度下进行几小时,得到通式VII化合物,其中R12代表氢、烷基、脂族或芳族酰基、或氨基甲酰基,R13代表-C(=O)-Y-R3,其中Y和R3分别代表O、S、NH和烷基或芳基。多官能试剂得到相应的衍生物。例如,二异氰酸酯或二羰基酰氯,得到式VIII化合物,其中X、Y具有O、S或NH的含义,n是0-12。
本发明还涉及包含一种或多种上述3,3-二苯基丙胺的药物组合物。换言之,根据本发明的化合物可以用作药学活性物质,尤其是作为抗毒蕈碱剂。
它们可以用于制备含有至少一种所述化合物的药物制剂。
根据本发明的化合物的游离碱或与生理学上可接受的酸生成的盐可以按照可接受的药学操作程序,制成适当的盖伦剂型,例如口用、注射用、鼻喷雾给药用组合物等。根据本发明的药物组合物包含有效量的权利要求1至15的化合物,以及适合的药学上可接受的载体原料或稀释剂,它们是本领域所熟知的。载体可以是任意的惰性原料,有机或无机的,适合于肠内、经皮或肠胃外给药,例如水、明胶、阿拉伯胶、乳糖、微晶纤维素淀粉、淀粉羟乙酸钠、磷酸氢钙、硬脂酸镁、滑石、胶体二氧化硅等。该组合物也可以含有其他药学活性剂,和常规的添加剂,例如稳定剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、矫味剂、缓冲剂等。
根据本发明的组合物例如可以制成用于口服给药的固体或液体剂型,例如片剂、胶囊、粉末、糖浆剂、酏剂等,制成用于肠胃外给药的无菌溶液、悬浮液或乳液剂型等。
根据本发明的化合物可以用在贴剂中。化合物可以透皮给药,减少副作用的发生,提高个体的顺应性。
如上所述,化合物和组合物可用于尿失禁和其他由毒蕈碱机理导致的致痉状态的治疗。具体化合物的剂量将因其效力、给药方式、患者的年龄和体重、所治疗状态的严重性而异。每日剂量,单次给药例如可以从约0.01mg至约5mg,多次给药例如可以从约0.05mg至约50g每天。
下列非限制性实施例和药理试验将进一步阐述本发明。
I.实验
1.一般方法
所有化合物由1H和13C NMR光谱学(Bruker DPX 200)进行完整的特征化鉴定。13C NMR光谱报道的化学漂移(50MHz,给出ppm值)分别参比溶剂CDCl3(77.10ppm)、二氘代二氯甲烷(CD2Cl2,53.8ppm)、CD3OD(49.00ppm)或六氘代二甲基亚砜(DMSO-d6,39.70ppm)。1H NMR数据(200MHz,ppm)参比内标四甲基硅烷。
薄层色谱法(tlc,报道Rf值)在预涂层的5×10cm E.Merck硅胶板(60F254)上进行,通过荧光淬灭或碱性高锰酸钾溶液喷淋来观察斑点。溶剂系统:(1)乙酸乙酯/正己烷(30/70,v/v-%);(2)甲苯/丙酮/甲醇/乙酸(70/5/20/5,v/v-%);(3)正己烷/丙酮/二乙胺(70/20/10,v/v-%);(4)正己烷/丙酮/三乙胺(70/20/10,v/v-%);(5)乙酸乙酯/正己烷/2-丙醇/三乙胺(60/40/20/1,v/v-%);(6)乙酸乙酯/三乙胺(90/10,v/v-%);(7)环己烷/丙酮/乙酸(80/20/0.5,v/v-%)。
旋光度是在589.3nm和室温下,在Perkin Elmer 241型旋光计上测量的。
所报道的熔点(mp)是未经校正的,是在Mettler FP1仪器上测定的。
IR光谱来自Perkin-Elmer 1610系列FTIR光谱计,分辨率为4cm-1。
气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS):谱值(报道m/z值和相对丰度(%))是在Finnigan TSQ 700三联质谱计上记录的,以阳性(P-CI)或阴性(N-CI)化学离子化方式进行,使用甲烷或氨作为反应剂气体。羟基式化合物是以它们的三甲基甲硅烷基醚衍生物的形式进行分析的。
联合液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS):Waters Integrety系统,Thermabeam质量检测器(EI,70eV),报道m/z值和相对丰度。
2.中间体A和B的合成
3-苯基丙烯酸4-溴苯基酯
将冰冷却的4-溴苯酚(69.2g)与肉桂酰氯(66.8g)的二氯甲烷(150ml)溶液用三乙胺(40.6g)处理。在室温下搅拌18小时后,混合物用水(250ml)、1M HCl水溶液洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥。在真空中蒸发,得到固体3-苯基丙烯酸4-溴苯基酯(121.0g,产率99.8%),熔点113.3℃,tlc:(1)0.83.NMR(CDCl3):116.85,118.87,123.49,128.38,129.06,130.90,132.49,134.02,147.07,149.84,165.06.
(±)-6-溴-4-苯基苯并二氢吡喃-2-酮
将一部分酯(60.0g)溶于乙酸(60ml)与浓硫酸(18ml)的混合物,回流2小时。冷却后,将反应混合物倒入冰水中,通过乙酸乙酯萃取分离产物。蒸发溶剂,残余物从沸腾的乙醇(150ml)中重结晶,得到26.3g(产率43.8%)纯的(±)-6-溴-4-苯基苯并二氢吡喃-2-酮结晶,熔点117.8℃,tlc:(1)
0.67.NMR(CDCl3):36.56,40.51,117.29,118.87,127.47,
127.89,128.33,129.32,131.07,131.79,139.42,150.76,
166.84。
(±)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸甲酯
将(±)-6-溴-4-苯基苯并二氢吡喃-2-酮(85.0g)、无水碳酸钾(46.7g)、碘化钠(20.5g)与苄基氯(40.6g)干甲醇(350ml)与丙酮(350ml)中的悬浮液回流3小时。蒸发溶剂后,残余物用二乙醚萃取(2×300ml),萃取液用水(2×200ml)和碳酸钠水溶液洗涤。干燥(Na2SO4)并旋转蒸发,得到121.8g(粗产率102.1%)(±)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸甲酯,为淡黄色油,tlc:(1)0.77;NMR(CDCl3):39.22,40.53,51.63,70.16,113.10,113.77,126.46,126.92,127.88,128.08,128.34,128.45,130.31,130.55,134.41,136.44,142.37,154.94,172.08.
(±)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸
将(±)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸甲酯(0.391g,0.92mmol)的乙醇(5ml)溶液在50℃下用过量氢氧化钠水溶液处理,直到乳状液变澄清。反应混合物然后酸化(pH3),蒸发,用二氯甲烷萃取。蒸发有机萃取液,将残留的油再次溶于少量沸腾的乙醇。滤出在4℃下18小时后生成的沉淀,在真空中干燥,得到0.27g(71.4%)(±)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸的无色晶体,熔点124.9;tlc:(1)0.15(原料甲酯0.75);NMR(CDCl3):39.15,40.26,70.25,113.21,113.90,126.62,127.27,127.98,128.17,128.47,128.54,130.46,130.68,134.34,136.45,142.16,154.95,177.65.LC-MS:412/410(14/11%,M+.),394/392(15/13%),321/319(17/22%),304/302(17/21%),259(24%),194(22%),178(21%),167(65%),152(49%),92(100%).IR(KBr):3434,3030,1708,1485,1452,1403,1289,1243,1126,1018,804,735,698,649. C22H19BrO3的计算值(摩尔重量)411.30):C 64.25%,H 4.66%,Br 19.43%,O 11.67%;实测值:C 63.72%,H 4.70%,Br 19.75%,O 11.80%.
或者,蒸发来自上述(±)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸甲酯的合成的粗反应混合物,将其再次溶于热乙醇,用过量氢氧化钾水溶液处理。酸化至pH3(用浓盐酸),冷却至4℃,生成固体,18小时后滤出,反复用水洗涤,干燥,得到(±)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸,产率82%。
a)3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸的拆分
R-(-)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸
将(±)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸(815.6g,1.85mol)和1S,2R-(+)麻黄碱半水合物(232.1g,1.85mol)分别在2000ml和700ml无水乙醇中的热溶液合并,然后冷却至0℃。收集所生成的沉淀,用冷乙醇洗涤,在真空中干燥,得到553.2g标题化合物的麻黄碱阳离子盐(熔点153℃e,.e.NMR和HPLC测定为65%)。该盐从沸腾乙醇中重结晶两次,得到R-(-)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸1S,2R-(+)麻黄碱阳离子盐,产率为75%,无色晶体,熔点158.6℃,e.e.97.6%(HPLC).NMR(CDCl3):9.53,30.90,41.54,42.83,61.45,70.15,70.42,113.05,113.68,125.89,126.03,127.33,127.85,128.19,128.28,128.45,129.86,130.70,135.91,136.65,140.40,144.09,155.20,178.94.
将1.2g(2.0mmol)该麻黄碱阳离子盐溶于丙酮(5ml)与乙醇(10ml)的混合物。用水(0.4ml)和浓(37%)盐酸水溶液(0.34ml)处理后,在真空中蒸发溶液,将残余物再次溶于1M盐酸水溶液(2ml)和二氯甲烷(10ml)。分离有机相,用水(2ml)洗涤两次,蒸发至干,得到R-(-)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸,为无色的油,缓慢固化(0.4g,产率98%),熔点105.6℃(乙酸乙酯/正庚烷);tlc:(7)0.21;[α]D 20=-21.1(c=1.0,乙醇),e.e.99.9%(HPLC)。NMR:与外消旋酸相同。
S-(+)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸
将上述拆分和重结晶的母液合并,在搅拌和冷却(18℃)下用过量浓盐酸水溶液处理。滤出沉淀(盐酸麻黄碱阳离子),滤液蒸发至干。将残余物再次溶于二氯甲烷(1.5升),然后用若干部分1M盐酸水溶液洗涤,再用水洗涤。干燥(Na2SO4)、过滤并蒸发后,得到479g粗的S-(+)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸,为黄色粘性的油。如上R-(-)酸所述,将纯的S-(+)对映体酸转化为1R,2S-(-)-麻黄碱盐。从沸腾乙醇中重结晶两次,得到S-(+)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸1R,2S-(-)-麻黄碱阳离子盐的无色晶体,产率为83%,熔点158.7℃,e.e.97.8%(HPLC).NMR(CDCl3):9.47,30.85,41.54,42.92,61.48,70.13,70.30,113.04,113.66,125.89,126.01,127.32,127.84,128.18,128.44,129.83,130.68,135.94,136.63,140.44,144.13,155.19,178.94.
通过上述R-(-)酸的方法,从该麻黄碱阳离子盐定量得到S-(+)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸,tlc:(7)0.20,e.e.(NMR)>99%,熔点105.5℃;[α]D 20=+22.6(c=1.0,乙醇),NMR:与外消旋酸相同。
b)R-(-)-与S-(+)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸的对映选择性合成
2-苄氧基-5-溴苯甲醛
向0.1mol 5-溴-2-苯甲醛的THF(150ml)溶液中加入0.1molK2CO3和0.11mol苄基溴。混合物回流2小时,加入水(500ml)。加入乙酸乙酯(400ml)并搅拌后,有机层用水洗涤,干燥(硫酸钠),蒸发至干。所得纯的(tlc)2-苄氧基-5-溴苯甲醛的淡黄色固体直接用在下面的步骤中。
3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)丙烯酸
将2-苄氧基-5-溴苯甲醛(0.10mol)、丙二酸(15.0g)与哌啶(2.0ml)的150ml吡啶溶液先在90℃下加热90分钟,随后回流0.5小时。冷却至室温后,将反应物倒在冰(1kg)与浓盐酸水溶液(250ml)的混合物上。通过吸滤法收集经过搅拌2小时后沉淀出来的固体,从少量沸腾乙醇中重结晶。
3-[3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)丙烯酰]-(4R)-4-苯基噁唑烷-2-酮
在-30℃下,向搅拌着的3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)丙烯酸(50.0mmol)与三乙胺(15.0ml)于200ml四氢呋喃中的溶液中滴加新戊酰氯(7g)。一小时后,温度降至-50℃,一次性加入(R)-2-苯基噁唑烷-2-酮(9.0g)和氯化锂(2.5g)。然后除去冷却浴,继续搅拌18小时。反应物用水稀释,通过乙酸乙酯萃取分离到3-[3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)丙烯酰]-(4R)-4-苯基噁唑烷-2-酮。
3-[3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-(3S)-3-苯基丙酰]-(4R)-4-苯基噁唑烷-2-酮
向预冷却(-30℃)的氯化铜(I)(21.0g)与二甲基硫(45ml)在无水四氢呋喃(150ml)中的混合物中滴加苯基溴化镁(0.3mol)的挥发性溶液。混合物在相同温度下搅拌20分钟,然后冷却至-40℃。在10分钟内加入3-[3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)丙烯酰]-(4R)-4-苯基噁唑烷-2-酮(50.0mmol)的无水四氢呋喃(150ml)溶液。除去冷却浴,继续搅拌18小时。混合物用半饱和的氯化铵水溶液淬灭,通过乙酸乙酯萃取分离到产物。
S-(+)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸
将上述3-[3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-(3S)-3-苯基丙酰]-(4R)-4-苯基噁唑烷-2-酮的四氢呋喃(300ml)与水(100ml)溶液冷却至0℃,然后用30%过氧化氢水溶液(20ml)处理,再用固体氢氧化锂(4.3g)处理。2小时后加入水,通过乙酸乙酯萃取除去手性助剂。含水相用盐酸水溶液(10%)酸化,粗的S-(+)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸用叔丁基甲基醚萃取。
HPLC分析(Chiralpak AD,移动相:己烷/2-丙醇/三氟乙酸(92∶8∶0.1,vol/vol-%);流速1.0ml/分钟,285nm下检测)显示,对映体比例为93∶7(持留时间分别为14.8分钟和11.5分钟)。使用“nitromix”(《应用化学国际英文版》1998,卷37,第2349页)或上述(1R,2S)-(-)-麻黄碱半水合物,通过非对映体盐的重结晶,可以将S-(+)对映体的86%的e.e.提高到>98.5%。非对映体盐水溶液酸化后,分离到S-(+)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸。它形成无色晶体,旋光度为[α]D 22=+21.6(c=0.5,MeOH)。
R-(-)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸
如上S-(+)对映体所述,向3-[3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)丙烯酰]-(4S)-4-苯基噁唑烷-2-酮中加入苯基溴化镁的共轭有机铜酸盐,两次重结晶后得到结晶性R-(-)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸,e.e.为99.6%,[α]D 22=-21.7(c=0.5,MeOH)。
c)中间体B的R-与S-对映体的合成
(±)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙-1-醇
在氮气氛下,向氢化锂铝(7.9g)于四氢呋喃(350ml)中的悬浮液中缓慢加入(±)-丙酸甲酯(121.0g)的350ml无水四氢呋喃溶液。在室温下搅拌18小时后,滴加20%HCl水溶液,通过二乙醚反复萃取分离到产物。合并后的萃取液逐渐用盐酸、氢氧化钠溶液、蒸馏水洗涤,然后干燥(Na2SO4),蒸发后得到淡黄色粘性的油(108.8g,产率96.3%),逐渐结晶,熔点73.8℃,tlc:(1)0.47,(±)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙-1-醇。NMR(CDCl3):37.52,39.52,60.84,70.54,113.54,113.83,126.29,127.30,127.51,129.99,128.24,128.38,129.99,130.88,135.69,136.40,143.53,155.12.
(±)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸用氢化锂铝于四氢呋喃中的悬浮液还原(30分钟,25℃)后,得到相同产物,产率为31%。
(±)-甲苯-4-磺酸3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酯
将冷却(5℃)的(±)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙-1-醇(108.0g)于二氯甲烷(300ml)中的溶液用吡啶(79.4ml)处理,然后用对甲苯磺酰氯(60.6g)的二氯甲烷(200ml)溶液处理。在室温下18小时后,在真空中除去溶剂,残余物用二乙醚萃取。萃取液用盐酸、水洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后得到(±)-甲苯-4-磺酸3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酯,为淡黄色油(140.3g,产率93.6%),tlc:(1)0.66。NMR(CDCl3):21.67,33.67,39.69,68.58,70.28,113.21,113.76,126.47,127.84,128.10,128.25,128.41,128.51,129.81,130.26,130.42,132.91,134.39,136.41,142.16,155.07.
(±)-[3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙基]二异丙胺
将(±)-甲苯磺酸酯((±)-甲苯-4-磺酸3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酯,139.3g)的乙腈(230ml)与N,N-二异丙胺(256g)溶液回流97小时。反应混合物然后蒸发至干,使所形成的残余物在二乙醚(500ml)与氢氧化钠水溶液(2M,240ml)之间分配。有机相用水(250ml)洗涤两次,然后用1M硫酸萃取。含水相调至约pH 12-13,再次用乙醚(500ml)萃取。有机相用水洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4)并蒸发,得到(±)-[3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙基]二异丙胺,为棕色粘性的糖浆状物(94.5g,产率77.9%),
tlc:(2)0.49.NMR(CDCl3):20.65,20.70,36.70,41.58,43.78,48.77,70.24,113.52,126.02,127.96,128.20,
128.36,129.82,130.69,136.34,136.76,144.20,155.15.
S-(+)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酰氯
向S-(+)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸(10.3g,25mmol)于乙酸乙酯(60ml)中的溶液中加入亚硫酰氯(4.5g,2.8ml,37.8mmol)和几滴二甲基甲酰胺。混合物回流,直到tlc控制显示原料消耗完全(2小时)。在真空中蒸发,得到酰氯,为淡黄色液体,产率几乎是定量的(10.7g)。部分转化为甲基酯后,在tlc中显示单一的斑点(Rf0.54,溶剂系统(7))。
S-(+)-N,N-二异丙基-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酰胺
向搅拌和冷却(3℃)的二异丙胺(6.4g,49.0mmol)于60ml乙酸乙酯中的溶液中滴加S-(+)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酰氯(9.6g,22.3mmol)的乙酸乙酯(40ml)溶液。反应物在室温下搅拌18小时,然后用水、盐酸水溶液(1M)和半饱和的盐水洗涤。有机相干燥(硫酸钠),蒸发至干。S-(+)-N,N-二异丙基-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酰胺的无色油状残余物(10.7g,产率97%)在tlc上显示单一的斑点:(Rf0.70(4))。NMR(CDCl3):18.42,20.4620.63,20.98,39.51,41.44,45.76,48.63,70.00,112.84,113.64,126.10,126.45,127.34,127.78,128.20,128.36.129.93,130.59,135.18,136.52,143.52,155.17,169.61.
(±)-N,N-二异丙基-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酰胺
从二异丙胺和如上S-(+)对映体所述的外消旋酰氯制备该酰胺。将无色粘性的油溶于乙醇,溶液在-30℃下贮藏。从该溶液得到无色晶体,熔点101.8℃
(±)-[3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙基]二异丙胺
向搅拌的(±)-N,N-二异丙基-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酰胺(11.8g)于40ml无水四氢呋喃中的溶液中加入1M氢化锂铝/四氢呋喃(36ml)。反应物回流4小时,然后滴加水进行淬灭。除去沉淀后,蒸发溶剂,将油状残余物溶于稀硫酸。含水相用二乙醚洗涤几次,调至pH 10-12(NaOH水溶液),用二乙醚萃取。萃取液干燥(硫酸钠),过滤,在真空中蒸发至干,得到8.1g(76.7%)标题化合物,为无色粘性的油,tlc:(4)0.86。NMR光谱与从甲苯磺酸酯前体得到的产物相对应(见上)。
S-(+)-[3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙基]二异丙胺
使用S-(+)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸作为原料,重复反应程序,得到S-(+)-[3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙基]二异丙胺,为无色粘性的油,[α]D 22=+18.5(c=10.0,乙醇),一个典型批次的e.e.为99.4%
R-(-)-[3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙基]二异丙胺
使用R-(-)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸作为原料,重复反应程序,得到R-(-)-[3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙基]二异丙胺,为无色粘性的油,[α]D 22=-17.3(c=10.0,乙醇),一个典型批次的e.e.为98.3%
光学纯度是利用Chiralpak OD柱、通过手性HPLC测定的。
(±)-4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯甲酸·盐酸盐
在氮气氛下将从上述(±)-胺(22.8g)、乙基溴(17.4g)与镁(6.1g)制备的挥发性格利雅溶液用无水四氢呋喃(200ml)稀释,然后冷却至-60℃。然后分小部分加入固体二氧化碳(约50g)粉末,绿色反应混合物加热至室温。加入氯化铵水溶液(200ml,10%)并调节含水相至pH 0.95后,过滤回收白色固体,得到(±)-4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯甲酸盐酸盐(14.7g,产率64.3%),熔点140℃(分解),tlc:(2)0.33.NMR(CD3OD):17.07,18.77,33.55,43.27,56.50,71.50,112.89,124.10,127.94,129.07,129.25,129.34,129.59,129.66,130.18,131.60,132.78,137.60,143.30,161.11,169.70.
(±)-[4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基]甲醇
中间体A(n=1)
将(±)-盐酸盐转化为它的甲基酯(MeOH,痕量硫酸,回流6小时),将所得游离油状碱(28g,tlc(2):Rf0.46)溶于无水二乙醚(230ml)。将该溶液在氮气氛下缓慢(2小时)滴加到氢化锂铝(1.8g)的乙醚(140ml)悬浮液中。搅拌18小时后,向反应物加入水(4.7ml)进行淬灭。有机相经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并蒸发至干,得到(±)-[4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基]甲醇(26g,产率98.9%),为逐渐结晶的油,熔点86.4℃,tlc:(2)0.32。NMR(CDCl3):20.53,20.61,36.87,41.65,44.14,48.82,65.12,70.09,111.80,125.77,125.97,126.94,127.55,128.08,128.37,128.44,133.27,134.05,134.27,137.21,144.84.
(±)-[4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基]-[C2H]甲醇
中间体d2-A(n=2)
利用氘化锂铝重复上述(±)-4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯甲酸甲酯的还原,得到(±)-[4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基]-[C2H]甲醇,为无色无定形固体,产率为77%;
tlc:(2)0.33.NMR(CDCl3):20.46,20.55,36.77,
41.62,44.09,48.77,多重峰集中在:64.96,70.05,
111.76,125.72,127.34,128.03,128.32,128.38,133.15,
133.99,137.17,144.80,155.52.
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚
中间体B(n=1)
将中间体A(9.1g)的甲醇(100ml)溶液在环境条件下通过阮内镍(4.5g)氢化。5小时后,薄层色谱法显示氢解完全。滤出催化剂,溶液蒸发至干,得到逐渐固化的油(6.95g,产率96.5%),(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚,熔点50℃,tlc:(2)0.15.NMR(CDCl3):19.42,19.83,33.22,39.62,42.27,48.27,65.19,118.32,126.23,126.55,127.47,128.33,132.50,144.47,155.38.
盐酸盐:无色晶体,熔点187-190℃(分解)
S-(-)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚
S-(-)-[4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基]甲醇(从如上外消旋系列所述的S-(+)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸制备)的氢解,得到标题化合物,为无色固体,产率85%,熔点≥50℃,[α]D 22=-19.8(c=1.0,乙醇)NMR(CDCl3):19.58,19.96,33.30,39.52,42.10,
48.00,65.40,118.58,126.31,126.57,127.16,127.54,128.57,
132.63,132.83,144.55,155.52.
S-(+)盐酸盐:无色非吸湿性固体,熔点
186.4℃(分解);[α]D 22=+6.6(c=0.5,水).NMR(DMSO-d6):
16.58,18.17,31.62,41.37,45.90,54.02,63.07,115.18,
126.05,126.37,128.03,128.45,129.04,133.12,143.88,
153.77.
R-(+)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚
R-(+)-[4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基]甲醇(从如上外消旋系列所述的R-(-)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸制备)的氢解,得到标题化合物,为无色固体,产率87%,熔点≥50℃,[α]D 22=+21.3(c=1.0,乙醇)
R-(-)盐酸盐:无色非吸湿性固体,熔点
179.8℃(分解);[α]D 22=-7.2(c=0.5,水); NMR(DMSO-d6):
16.59,18.19,31.64,41.38,45.92,54.07,63.08,115.19,
126.07,126.39,128.04,128.46,129.05,133.13,143.89,
153.79.
S-(+)-扁桃酸盐:熔点139.7℃,[α]D 22=+38.3(c=1.0,乙醇)
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基[2H2]甲基苯酚
中间体d2-B(n=2)
将搅拌着的氘化锂铝(0.1g,2.38mmo1)于5ml无水二乙醚中的悬浮液在室温和干燥氮气氛下用(±)-4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯甲酸甲酯(1.0g,2.17mmol)的无水二乙醚(5ml)溶液处理30分钟。另在室温下搅拌18小时后,向反应物中滴加0.17ml2H2O进行淬灭。滤出所得沉淀,用小部分乙醚洗涤,合并后的有机相在真空中蒸发至干,得到(±)-[4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基]-[2H2]甲醇,为逐渐结晶的淡黄色粘性的油,熔点84.1℃;tlc:(2)0.33(原料0.46),0.725g,77.2% yield.NMR(CDCl3):20.46,20.55,36.77,41.62,44.09,48.77,multiplett centred at 64.30,70.05,111.76,125.72,125.94,126.92,127.34,127.71,128.03,128.32,128.38,133.15,133.99,137.17,144.80,155.52.
将上述(±)-[4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基]-[2H2]甲醇(0.129g,0.29mmol)在甲醇(5ml)与湿润的阮内镍(0.1-0.2g)的悬浮液中的溶液在室温和氘(2H2)气氛下搅拌。1小时后tlc显示原料完全消失。混合物过滤,蒸发,将残余物溶于二乙醚(5ml)。溶液用水洗涤(2×5ml),经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并蒸发至干,得到淡黄色油,76.3mg,产率为74.6%,逐渐固化,得到熔点范围为46-49℃的无色固体。Tlc:(4)0.57(原料0.77),NMR(CDCl3):19.57,19.94,33.33,39.56,42.18,48.07,48.43,多重峰集中在64.61,118.47,126.29,126.58,127.55,127.94,128.38,132.53,144.53,155.37.GC-MS(P-CI,氨,TMS衍生物):488.43(100%),489.56(70%),490.56(31%),491.57(8%).
n=2,氘
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基[2H2]甲基苯酚
中间体d2-B(n=2)
N,N-二异丙基丙烯酰胺
向冷却(0-5℃)的N,N-二异丙胺的二氯甲烷(500ml)溶液中缓慢加入丙烯酰氯(42.2g,40.6ml,0.467mol)于125ml二氯甲烷中的溶液。2小时后,滤出所沉淀出来的铵盐,滤液用1M盐酸洗涤(3×100ml),干燥(硫酸钠),蒸发至干。得到N,N-二异丙基丙烯酰胺的微黄色液体,产率为48%,纯度约99%.NMR(CDCl3):20.54,21.25,45.66,48.10,125.62,130.70,166.17.
(E)-N,N-二异丙基-3-(2-甲氧基-5-甲氧羰基苯基)丙烯酰胺
((E)-3-(2-二异丙基氨基甲酰基乙烯基)-4-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯)
该反应是在干燥和不含氧的氮气氛下进行的。全部溶剂和试剂在使用前干燥。
将搅拌着的、由N,N-二甲基甘氨酸(6.0mmol)、无水乙酸钠(40mmol)、3-溴-4-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯(20mmol,4.90g)、N,N-二异丙基丙烯酰胺(24mmol,3.72g)、氯化双(苄腈)钯II(1.5mol%)和20ml N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮组成的悬浮液在130℃下加热,直到没有原料可被tlc检测到(原料3-溴-4-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯:Rf=0.73;N,N-二异丙基丙烯酰胺:Rf=0.46;溶剂系统(1))。冷却至室温后,加入50ml 2N HCl水溶液。反应物用二氯甲烷(50ml)稀释,滤出所沉淀出来的灰色钯金属。有机相用五份(每份50ml)2N盐酸水溶液洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并蒸发至干。残留的不完全白色固体从乙酸乙酯/正己烷中重结晶,得到4.40g(E)-N,N-二异丙基-3-(2-甲氧基-5-甲氧羰基苯基)丙烯酰胺,产率为69%,熔点139-140℃,tlc:(1)Rf0.40。NMR(CD2Cl2):21.22,22.10,46.39,48.87,52.59,56.61,111.42,123.39,123.78,125.54,130.32,132.53,135.07.MS(EI,DI,105℃):319(M+,22),304(6%),276(8%),219(100%),187(18%),160(7%).
(±)-N,N-二异丙基-3-(2-甲氧基-5-甲氧羰基苯基)-3-苯基丙酰胺
((±)-3-(2-二异丙基氨基甲酰基-1-苯基乙基)-4-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯)
该反应是在干燥和不含氧的氮气氛下进行的。全部溶剂和试剂在使用前干燥。
向冷却(0℃)和搅拌着的溴化铜I二甲基硫加合物(2.71g,13mmol)于二乙醚(40ml)中的悬浮液中加入苯基锂溶液(12ml,24mmol,环己烷/二乙醚),制备二苯基铜酸锂的暗绿色溶液。将该溶液冷却至-78℃,随后向该溶液中加入三甲基氯代硅烷(1.5ml,12mmol)的二乙醚(5ml)溶液,再加入上述肉桂酰胺(3.19g,10.0mmol,(E)-N,N-二异丙基-3-(2-甲氧基-5-甲氧羰基苯基)丙烯酰胺)的10ml四氢呋喃溶液。反应物在-78℃下搅拌一小时,加热至室温,然后通过加入150ml饱和氯化铵水溶液进行淬灭。90分钟后,有机相用两份(100ml)半饱和的氯化钠水溶液洗涤,干燥(MgSO4),蒸发至干。将黄色油状残余物溶于少量乙酸乙酯,用硅胶柱色谱法纯化(移动相(1))。合并标题化合物的部分,蒸发得到(±)-N,N-二异丙基-3-(2-甲氧基-5-甲氧羰基苯基)-3-苯基丙酰胺,为微黄色粘性糖浆状物(1.8g,产率44%).NMR(CD2Cl2):19.45,19.56,19.74,38.86,44.87,47.92,50.80,54.76,109.41,121.32,125.53,128.10,128.43,128.78,132.03,143.20,159.95,165.95,168.87.MS(EI,DI,105℃):397(M+.,41%),366(5%),322(2%),269(3%),255(14%),237(7%),165(5%),128(12%),91(43%),58(100%).
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚
将(±)-N,N-二异丙基-3-(2-甲氧基-5-甲氧羰基苯基)-3-苯基丙酰胺(0.79g,2.0mmol)的20ml四氢呋喃溶液冷却至5℃,然后用2.5ml 1M LiAlH4/THF处理。在室温下搅拌18小时后,加入微细粉碎的氯化铝(0.3g),继续搅拌4小时。反应物在5℃下通过滴加水、然后滴加氢氧化钠水溶液进行淬灭。混合物用二乙醚(150ml)稀释,有机相用半饱和的盐水洗涤,干燥(硫酸钠),蒸发至干,得到标题化合物,为固体不完全白色泡沫。Tlc(2)0.16,熔点48-51℃。一部分物质转化为盐酸盐(醚制氢氯酸),熔点186-189℃(分解)
S-(-)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚的氢解脱氧作用
将S-(-)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚(683mg,2.0mmol,[α]D 22=-19.8(c=1.0,乙醇))、铂碳催化剂(120mg)与乙酸(1.0ml)的混合物用乙酸乙酯(50ml)稀释,然后在室温和4巴氢气压下氢化5小时。滤出催化剂,蒸发滤液,得到油。将残余物再次溶于二氯甲烷(25ml),溶液用碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤。有机相浓缩至干,将油状残余物溶于乙醇(7ml)。加入D-(-)-酒石酸(300mg),该澄清溶液在-25℃下贮藏,得到S-(-)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚D-(-)酒石酸氢盐的无色晶体(310mg),产率为33%,tlc:(4):0.66(原料0.31),[α]D 22=-26.7(c=1.0,甲醇).NMR(CD3OD):17.98,18.37,20.69,33.68,43.12,56.33,74.17,116.31,127.51,129.11,129.50,129.70,129.89,130.41,144.57,153.67,176.88.
将一部分酒石酸盐用碳酸氢钠水溶液处理,用乙酸乙酯萃取,蒸发萃取液,定量分离到游离碱,为无色的油。[α]D 22=-26.3(c=1.0,甲醇)
在根据本发明的3,3-二苯基丙胺的制备方法中优选的中间体是:
(±)-3-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸及其盐,
R-(-)-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸及其盐,
S-(+)-(2-苄氧基-5-溴苯基)-3-苯基丙酸及其盐,
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基[C2H2]甲基苯酚,
S-(-)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基[C2H2]甲基苯酚,
R-(+)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基[C2H2]甲基苯酚和它们的盐。
3.实施例
a)酚型单酯
aa)一般操作
羧酸的酯
将搅拌着的(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚(中间体B,1.71g,5.01mmol)与酰氯(对式II化合物来说为5.00mmol羧酸单酰氯,对式II’化合物来说为2.50mmol)于60ml二氯甲烷中的溶液冷却至0℃,然后在5-10分钟内滴加三乙胺(对式II化合物来说为0.502g,4.96mmol,对式II’化合物来说为1.05g,9.92mmol)的10ml二氯甲烷溶液。在室温下继续搅拌18小时,混合物然后连续用水(25ml)、碳酸氢钠水溶液(5%,25ml)和水(25ml)洗涤。有机相然后干燥(硫酸钠),在减压和低温下蒸发。所形成的油状残余物最后放置在高真空下(2-4小时)以除去痕量的残余溶剂。所得式II或II’的酯是无色至浅黄色固体或粘性糖浆状物,纯度在90%与99%之间(tlc,HPLC,NMR)。
N-酰基氨基酸的酯
酚型单酯
在5℃下,向各氨基酸(2.0mmol)于0.7ml至5ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺与0.5ml三乙胺中的溶液中一次性加入氯甲酸甲酯(2.0mmol,288mg)。在室温下搅拌2小时后,除去冷却浴,加入中间体B(2.0mmol,682mg)的5ml二氯甲烷与三乙胺(0.5ml)溶液。反应物搅拌2-8小时,然后用二乙醚(70ml)稀释。滤出固体沉淀,混合物用硫酸氢钠水溶液(5%)和水洗涤。干燥(硫酸钠)、过滤和在真空中蒸发后,残余物用硅胶快速色谱法纯化(洗脱剂:溶剂系统(4))。所得N-酰基氨基酸酯是粘性的油或蜡状固体,产率在24%与73%之间。
bb)成盐作用(以盐酸盐为例)
将冷却(0℃)的4.94mmol氨基碱于30ml无水二乙醚中的溶液在氮气氛下用4.70mmol(式II的单胺)或9.4mmol(式II’的二胺)挥发性(lM)盐酸处理。油状沉淀反复用无水乙醚洗涤,然后在高真空中蒸发。残留产物在多数情况下固化为无定形泡沫。高吸湿性固体的熔点范围较宽,在100℃以上(分解)。
按照上述方法制备了下列化合物,它们的分析数据列在下面:
(±)-乙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,tlc:Rf=0.47(4),NMR(CDCl3):20.36,20.68,20.97,36.59,42.35,43.83,48.76,64.58,122.69,125.61,126.22,126.71,127.96,128.34,136.82,138.97,143.73,147.77,169.24;GC-MS/P-CI(氨,三甲基甲硅烷基衍生物):456.8(100%),398.4(4%)
(±)-丙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,tlc:Rf=0.52(4),NMR(CDCl3):20.44,20.64,27.67,36.67,42.21,43.87,48.78,64.70,122.71,125.62,126.52,126.78,127.97,128.53,136.86,138.82,143.82,147.86,172.68;GC-MS/P-CI(氨,三甲基甲硅烷基衍生物):470.38(100%),398.4(4%)
(±)-正丁酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,tlc:Rf=0.43(4),NMR(CDCl3):13.77,18.40,20.43,20.51,20.59,36.15,36.82,42.16,43.90,48.83,49.20,64.58,122.66,125.98,126.17,126.74,127.33,127.94,128.33,136.79,138.91,143.82,171.88;GC-MS/N-Cl(甲烷,三甲基甲硅烷基衍生物):482.3(20%),412.3(100%),340.1(33%),298.1(89%),234.7(15%);GC-MS/P-Cl(甲烷,三甲基甲硅烷基衍生物):484.5(100%),468.4(62%),394.3(22%);GC-MS/P-CI(氨,三甲基甲硅烷基衍生物):484.4(100%),398.4(3%)
(±)-异丁酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,tlc:Rf=0.43(4),NMR(CDCl3):18.99,19.11,20.54,34.21,36.88,41.84,43.91,48.78,64.61,122.54,125.57,126.14,126.81,127.94,128.34,136.84,138.84,143.89,147.85,175.36
R-(+)-异丁酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
tlc Rf 0.38(4);原料:0.26;无色的油(产率95%);
NMR(CDCl3):19.02,19.14,19.96,20.61,34.26,
36.92,41.87,43.90,48.80,64.84,122.63,122.63,125.64,
126.19,126.92,127.98,128.39,136.96,138,76,143.93,
147.97,175.39.
盐酸盐:无色吸湿性固体;[α]D 20=+5.5
(c=1.0,氯仿);NMR(CDCl3):17.03,17.53,18.30,
18.52,18.95,19.12,31.23,34.10,41.69,45.40,54.22,
54.47,64.00,122.32,126.62,126.81,127.40,128.06,128.70,
133.88,140.64,142.25,147.81,175.89.
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,tlc:Rf=0.49(1);NMR(CDCl3):20.46,20.66,26.53,27.34,37.12,39.21,41.46,43.98,48.81,64.65,122.42,125.58,126.16,126.92,128.37,134.27,136.92,138.82,143.97,148.02,176.97;GC-MS/P-CI
(氨,三甲基甲硅烷基衍生物):498.8(100%),482.5(10%),398.4(4%)。
(±)-2-乙酰氨基乙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
((±)-2-[二异丙氨基)-1-苯基丙基]-4-(羟甲基)苯基2-(乙酰氨基)乙酸酯)NMR(CD3OD):20.33,20.61,22.17,30.54,42.39,48.62,51.04,64.88,117.99,124.73,125.51,127.01,127.75,129.31,131.63,137.33,146.67,147.43,171.47,173,82
(±)-环戊烷羧酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
tlc Rf 0.66(4);原料中间体B(0.50),
无色的油,产率:82%。NMR(CDCl3):20.42,25.87,30.25,36.57,41.89,43.97,47.15,49.02,64.63,122.56,125.60,126.16,126.81,127.60,127.94,128.35,128.77,136.74,138.88,143.85,147.92,175.05.
(±)-环己烷羧酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
tlc Rf 0.67(4);原料中间体B(0.50),
无色的油,产率:93%。NMR(CDCl3):20.27,25.40,25.74,
29.03,29.16,36.29,41.82,43.31,44.08,49.36,64.62,
122.56,125.68,126.22,126.92,127.92,128.38,136.65,
139.00,143.72,147.86,174.40.
(±)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
tlc Rf 0.31(4);无色糖浆状物(99%产率,纯度>95%);
冷冻后逐渐结晶;NMR(CDCl3):
20.41,20.51,36.65,42.42,43.85,48.79,64.70,122.79,
125.74,126.17,126.83,128.13,128.28,128.58,129.48,
130.25,133.62,137.21,139.10,143.67,148.00,164.99.
R-(+)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
tlc Rf 0.30(4);无色糖浆状物
盐酸盐:无色无定形固体;[α]D 20=+14.9(c=1.0,氯仿);
NMR(CDCl3):17.06,17.53,18.25,18.61,31.23,42.19,45.49,
54.26,54.53,64.09,122.55,126.77,127.13,127.58,128.10,
128.50,128.72,128.78,129.02,130.17,133.96,134.27,
140.81,142.13,147.91,165.40.
(±)-4-甲基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
tlc Rf 0.30(4);原料中间体B:0.24;产率:定量,粘性浅黄色油;NMR(CDCl3):
20.32,20.50,21.78,36.13,42.35,43.98,49.29,64.66,
122.79,125.81,126.19,126.70,127.04,128.30,129.32,
129.76,130.29,136.94,139.20,143.61,144.46,148.04,
165.07.
LC-MS:459(M+.,3.5%),444(17%),223(2.5%),195(2%),
119(48%),114(100%).
(±)-2-甲基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
无色粘性的油,tlc:(4)0.64(原料Rf=
0.51),产率84%.NMR(CDCl3):20.44,20.53,21.86,22.01,
36.74,42.36,43.87,48.81,64.76,122.93,123.11,125.71,
126.12,126.88,128.10,128.48,130.76,131.26,131.70,
132.03,132.79,137.28,139.00,141.73,143.72,148.04,
165.25. LC-MS:459(M+.,21%),444(100%),326(1%),223
(10%),213(6%),195(9%),165(14%),115(94%),91(99%).
(±)-2-乙酰氧基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
无色糖浆状物,tlc:(4)0.47(原料Rf=0.51),
产率82%.NMR(CDCl3):20.39,20.57,20.96,36.92,42.29,
43.88,48.87,64.64,122.39,122.64,124.05,125.80,126.11,
126.75,128.09,128.32,132.23,134.66,137.27,139.32,
143.64,147.63,151.37,162.72,169.73.LC-MS:503(M+.,7%),
488(59%),446(6%),326(22%),223(9%),213(9%),195(9%),
163(14%),121(100%),114(88%).
(±)-1-萘甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
无色粘性的油,tlc:(4)0.57(原料Rf=
0.51),产率82%.NMR(CDCl3):20.46,20.58,36.82,42.46,
43.89,48.76,64.81,122.98,124.51,125.64,125.79,125.98,
126.15,126.44,126.94,128.12,128.36,128.65,131.37,
131.82,133.98,134.45,137.44,139.08,143.73,148.13,
165.49. LC-MS:495(M+.,8%),480(100%),213(7%),165(8%),
155(95%),127(100%),114(90%).
(±)-2-萘甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
无色微黄色粘性的油,tlc:(4)0.57(原料Rf0.51),
产率71%。NMR(CDCl3):20.47,20.59,36.71,42.59,43.85,48.81,64.82,122.89,126.89,127.89,128.19,128.41,128.68,129.50,132.03,132.55,135.87,137.22,139.08,143.83,148.20,165.14,LC-MS:495(M+.,7%),480(98%),223(8%),213(6%),195(6%),165(8%),155(96%),127(100%),114(81%).
(±)-4-氯苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
tlc Rf 0.54(4);原料中间体B:0.44;产率:定量,浅黄色粘性的油;NMR(CDCl3):20.34,20.50,36.41,42.51,43.84,48.93,64.66,122.72,125.82,126.88,127.27,128.06,128.56,128.96,131.60,133.80,136.95,139.30,140.16,143.60,147.87,164.10,LC-MS:479(M+.,1.5%),464(10%),223(2%),195(2%),165(1.5%),139(25%),114(100%).
(±)-4-甲氧基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
tlc Rf 0.47(4);原料中间体B:0.42;产率:89%,浅黄色粘性的油NMR(CDCl3):20.31,
20.47,36.43,42.39,43.90,48.97,55.53,64.71,121.79,
122.86,125.72,126.14,126.79,128.11,128.27,131.27,
131.77,132.36,132.84,137.15,139.01,143.74,148.08,
163.92,164.71. LC-MS:475(M+.,3.5%),460(20%),223(2%),
195(2%),135(48%),114(100%).
(±)-2-甲氧基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
tlc Rf 0.40(4);原料中间体B:0.42;产率:98%,浅黄色粘性的油;NMR(CDCl3):20.29,
20.42,36.50,41.92,44.02,49.09,55.95,64.72,119.10,
120.20,122.86,125.64,126.10,126.82,128.06,128.30,
132.38,134.32,137.11,139.01,143.87,148.00,159.82,
164.40,LC-MS:475(M+.,3.5%),460(18%),223(1%),195
(1%),135(49%),114(100%).
(±)-4-硝基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
tlc Rf 0.44(4);原料中间体B:0.42;产率:78%,缓慢固化的黄色粘性的油;熔点:
123.6℃;NMR(CDCl3):20.47,20.62,36.52,42.66,43.70,
48.75,64.69,122.61,123.72,125.91,126.33,127.04,128.02,
128.37,131.32,134.86,136.83,139.55,143.56,147.75,
150.93,163.04,LC-MS:490(M+.,1.5%),475(15%),327
(0.8%),223(3%),195(3%),150(15%),114(100%).
(±)-2-硝基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯
tlc Rf 0.32(4);原料中间体B:0.42;产率:92%,缓慢固化的黄色粘性的油;NMR(CDCl3):
20.39,20.50,36.74,42.14,43.89,48.71,48.92,
64.59,122.15,123.95,124.18,125.89,126.25,127.23,
127.99,128.39,129.95,132.95,133.08,136.72,139.62,
143.64,147.63,148.15,163.90. LC-MS:490(M+.,1%),475
(11%),327(2.5%),223(2.5%),195(3%),165(3%),150(7%),
114(100%).
(±)-N-乙酰甘氨酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯/(±)-2-乙酰氨基乙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯((±)-2-[二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基]-4-(羟甲基)苯基2-(乙酰氨基)乙酸酯)
NMR(CD3OD):20.33,20.61,22.17,30.54,42.39,48.62,51.04,
64.88,117.99,124.73,125.51,127.01,127.75,129.31,
131.63,137.33,146.67,147.43,171,47,173.82.
(±)-丙二酸双[2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基]酯,tlc:Rf0.38(4);NMR(CDCl3):
20.52,20.62,20.69,36.95,41.84,42.82,43.89,48.23,
64.83,123.37,127.36,127.97,128.42,128.38,129.06,
131.55,137.50,138.90,148.23,148.32,160.54
(±)-琥珀酸双[2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基]酯,tlc:Rf0.40(4);NMR(CDCl3):
20.54,20.63,20.73,30.69,36.91,41.80,43.92,48.20,
64.81,122.60,127.41,127.93,128.39,129.31,131.80,
136.73,138.92,143.82,148.17,168.01
(±)-戊二酸双[2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基]酯,tlc:Rf0.43;NMR(CDCl3):
20.47,20.60,32.87,36.93,41.82,43.90,48.22,64.81,64.83,122.85,127.39,127.99,128.35,129.31,131.84,136.98,138.94,143.80,147.40,169.05
(±)-己二酸双[2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基]酯,tlc:Rf0.43,NMR(CDCl3):
20.64,23.40,34.37,36.95,41.84,43.88,48.25,64.87,122.88,127.34,127.97,128.39,129.33,131.80,136.99,138.94,143.82,147.65,168.72
b)相同的二酯
如上所述方法制备(±)-相同的二酯(式III),例外的是使用都是2.4mmol的三乙胺和酰氯(R1-C0Cl)。物理性质类似于上述碱和盐。
如为酚型单酯所述,制备N-酰基氨基酸的二酯,例外的是使用额外摩尔当量的酰化剂(混合的酸酐)。
特别是制备了下列化合物,它们的分析数据列在下面:
(±)-甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲酰氧甲基苯基酯,tlc:Rf 0.65(4)。该二酯是为如以前其他反应物所述(F.Reber,A.Lardon,T.Reichstein《瑞士化学学报》37:45-58(1954)),从混合的甲乙酸酐和中间体B制备的。
(±)-乙酸4-乙酰氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,tlc:Rf0.76(4);GC-MS/P-CI(氨):
426.3(100%),368.3(22%);GC-MS/P-CI(甲烷,三甲基甲硅烷基衍生物):426.4(64%),410.3(16%),366.3(100%);氯化氢,NMR(DMSOd6)-16.50,16.76,18.05,20.94,21.04,27.02,31.39,41.28,45.26,53.80,65.21,123.39,126.84,127.61,127.85,128.70,134.41,135.49,142.68,148.20,169.32,170.42
(±)-丙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-丙酰氧甲基苯基酯,tlc:Rf0.82(4);NMR(CDCl3):
20.53,20.73,21.14,27.66,36.73,42.10,43.68,48.65,65.75,122.65,126.10,127.01,127.70,128.34,128.78,133.73,136.81,143.76,148.45,172.45,174.21;GC-MS/P-CI(氨):454.8(100%),438.5(9%),382.4(27%)
(±)-正丁酸4-正丁酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,tlc:Rf0.86(4);NMR(CDCl3):
13.70,13.76,18.44,20.53,20.69,21.13,36.14,36.76,37.09,42.08,43.73,48.71,65.64,122.81,125.97,126.97,127.92,128.35,128.77,133.78,136.99,143.76,
148.41,171.68,173.40;GC-MS/P-CI(氨):482.8(100%),
396.4(67%)
(±)-异丁酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-异丁酰氧甲基苯基酯,tlc:Rf0.83(4);NMR(CDCl3):
18.97,19.10,20.64,20.67,34.01,34.23,36.98,41.72,43.70,48.65,65.61,122.50,126.18,126.73,127.92,128.13,128.36,133.90,137.01,143.85,148.41,175.17,176.81;GC-MS/N-CI(甲烷):480.3(15%);GC-MS/P-CI(甲烷):482.5(63%),466.4(18%),394.3(100%)
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-(2,2-二甲基丙酰氧基)苄基酯,Tlc:Rf 0.96(4);NMR(CDCl3):20.44,20.75,27.09,27.24,37.18,38.68,39.15,41.25,43.66,48.20,65.50,122.36,126.32,127.22,127.48,127.83,128.29,133.99,136.98,143.87,148.37,176.70,178.10;GC-MS/P-CI(甲烷):510.5(76%),494.5(21%),408.4(100%)
(±)-苯甲酸4-苯甲酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,tlc:Rf0.80(4);NMR(CDCl3):
20.62,36.95,41.72,43.89,48.23,66.76,122.22,125.33,
127.36,127.62,127.89,127.89,127.97,128.38,129.49,
130.52,130.64,131.15,131.22,131.98,136.38,137.66,
143.82,148.95,164.77,166.60
(+)-苯甲酸4-苯甲酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,盐酸盐:无色固体;tlc:(4)0.70,[α]D 20=
+24.2(c=1.0,chloroform).NMR(DMSO-d6):16.52,17.99,
18.06,26.99,31.32,53.94,65.98,123.58,127.65,127.98,
128.62,128.90,129.02,129.45,129.71,130.10,133.64,
34.32,134.55,135.60,142.52,148.37,164.53,165.76.
c)混合的二酯
通过酰化各苄型或酚型单酯,制备混合的二酯(式IV)。其处理和其物理性质对应于上述碱和盐的。
特别是制备了下列化合物,它们的分析数据列在下面:
(±)-乙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲酰氧甲基苯基酯,tlc:Rf0.76(4);NMR(CDCl3):
20.62,20.91,33.25,42.20,42.28,48.23,70.70,122.96,
127.36,127.97,128.38,128.73,132.02,135.41,137.11,
143.81,149.35,161.34,168.95
(±)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲酰氧甲基苯基酯,tlc:Rf0.74(4);NMR(CDCl3):
20.60,36.93,41.72,43.89,48.23,70.71,122.50,125.33,
127.30,127.89,127.97,128.36,129.57,130.65,131.13,
132.05,135.41,136.66,143.80,149.15,161.35,164.78
(±)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙酰氧甲基苯基酯
无色粘性的油,tlc:Rf0.70(4);NMR(CDCl3):与R-(+)对映体相同,见下。
R-(+)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙酰氧甲基苯基酯
tlc:Rf 0.70(4)
盐酸盐:无色非吸湿性固体,[α]D 20=+27.1(c=1.0,
氯仿).NMR(CDCl3):17.14,18.53,
21.04,31.51,42.25,46.27,54.74,65.58,123.18,127.07,
127.55,127.61,127.99,128.80,130.22,134.14,134.81,
135.27,141.44,148.54,165.19,170.81.
(±)-异丁酸4-乙酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,tlc:Rf0.77(4);NMR(CDCl3):18.99,19.12,20.65,21.05,34.24,37.02,41.79,43.79,48.72,65.98,122.75,126.76,127.14,127.94,128.39,128.84,133.55,137.04,143.84,148.56,170.84,175.18
(+)-异丁酸4-乙酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯
无色的油
盐酸盐:无色吸湿性固体;[α]D 20=+14.6(c=1.0,氯仿);NMR(CDCl3):16.89,17.04,18.31,18.54,18.92,19.06,20.95,31.49,34.07,41.64,46.17,54.55,65.49,122.91,126.93,127.48,127.83,128.74,134.50,134.88,141.61,148.44,170.67,175.63.
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸4-乙酰氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,tlc:Rf0.80(4);NMR(CDCl3):
20.63,20.93,27.19,33.25,37.49,42.21,42.25,48.22,67.37,123.18,127.36,127.84,128.39,131.16,137.34,143.84,148.29,168.93,178.40
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸4-乙酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,tlc:Rf0.81(4);NMR(CDCl3):20.60,20.79,27.09,36.93,37.35,41.85,42.29,48.25,65.91,122.36,127.37,127.99,128.39,129.38,132.69,136.00,136.85,143.80,170.45,176.60
d)苄型单酯
将由中间体B(80mg,0.23mmol)、乙烯酯(0.4ml)、叔丁基甲基醚(18ml)与脂酶(1.0g)组成的混合物在室温下轻轻振摇。利用SAM I脂酶(Amano Pharmaceutical Co.)从相应的乙烯酯供体制备苄基甲酸酯、乙酸酯和正丁酸酯。在Lipozym IM20(Novo Nordisk)的存在下,用苯甲酸乙烯酯实现苯甲酰化作用,在Novozym SP 435(NovoNordisk)的催化下,从相应的乙烯酯得到新戊酸酯和异丁酸酯。2-24小时后tlc分析显示原料完全消失(Rf=0.45(3))。混合物过滤,然后在高真空下蒸发(<40℃),得到各苄型单酯的羧酸(R1-CO2H)盐,为无色至浅黄色油。
特别是制备了下列化合物,它们的分析数据列在下面:
(±)-甲酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,tlc:Rf0.25(2);NMR(CDCl3):19.43,33.24,39.61,42.25,48.21,68.44,118.09,127.34,127.66,128.31,128.39,133.97,144.47,156.63,161.32
(±)-乙酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,tlc:Rf0.26(2);NMR(CDCl3):19.45,
20.96,33.26,39.63,42.27,48.23,63.59,118.00,127.36,
128.33,128.48,128.53,129.13,131.59,133.88,144.49,
155.74,170.44
(±)-丙酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,tlc:Rf0.45(2);NMR(CDCl3):19.02,
19.43,27.58,33.20,39.61,42.25,48.21,64.08,118.30,
125.30,127.03,127.39,128.31,130.12,134.22,144.51,
155.64,173.22
(±)-丁酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,tlc:Rf0.54(2);NMR(CDCl3):13.58,
18.40,19.45,33.29,35.88,39.65,42.23,48.25,63.96,
118.32,124.55,126.20,127.35,128.32,129.91,134.22,
144.50,155.60,169.05
(±)-异丁酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,tlc:Rf0.56(4);NMR(CDCl3):19.09,
19.45,33.28,33.59,39.65,42.29,48.25,64.63,118.35,
125.35,127.03,127.38,128.35,128.49,129.79,134.22,
144.52,155.65,175.48
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,tlc:Rf0.61(4);NMR(CDCl3):
19.41,27.15,33.24,37.46,39.61,42.25,48.21,
65.10,118.30,125.32,127.00,127.34,128.31,129.42,
134.18,144.47,155.61,178.39
(±)-苯甲酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,tlc:Rf0.77(4);NMR(CDCl3):18.01,
19.40,33.24,39.60,42.40,48.20,66.93,117.13,127.18,
127.81,128.33,129.98,130.17,132.96,133.58,142.33,
156.95,166.60
e)醚和甲硅烷基醚
将中间体B(3.4g,10mmol)、甲磺酸(2ml,31mmol)与醇R10-OH(50-150ml)的混合物在室温下搅拌,直到检测不到原料时为止(2-24小时)。蒸发至干(<35℃)后,将残余物再次溶于碳酸氢钠水溶液(100-200ml,5%,w/v),溶液用乙酸乙酯(75ml)萃取。分离有机相,干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并蒸发,得到式VI的碱(R11=H),为无色至浅黄色油。
按照例如式IV结构所述的操作,通过酚型醚、例如中间体A的苄基酰化作用制备例如中间体A的混合的酯醚衍生物。
盐酸盐:
将摩尔当量的式VI的碱(R11=H)溶于叔丁基甲基醚,在室温下与醚制盐酸合并。分离油状沉淀,在真空中干燥,分离结晶性盐酸盐,从乙腈或丙酮中重结晶,得到无色结晶性物质。
特别是制备了下列化合物,下面给出了它们的分析数据:
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲氧甲基苯酚,tlc:Rf0.61(4);GC-MS/P-CI(甲烷,三甲基甲硅烷基衍生物):428.4(100%),412.3(49%),396.3(52%);
hydrochloride:amorphous hygroscopic colourless solid;
m.p.161℃;NMR(CD3OD):17.39/18.75(broad signals),33.79,
43.13,56.47,58.00,75.59,116.19,120.79,127.62,129.04,
129.14,129.42,129.55,130.43,144.32,155.85
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙氧甲基苯酚,tlc:Rf0.72(4);GC-MS/P-CI(氨,三甲基甲硅烷基衍生物):444.8(100%),398.4(6%);盐酸盐:无色非吸湿性的晶体,熔点:158-161℃,NMR(CD3OD):15.43,17.12,18.82,33.80,56.49,66.49,73.62,116.19,127.63,128.99,129.13,129.36,129.55,130.58,130.75,144.32,155.77
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-丙氧甲基苯酚,
NMR(CDCl3):18.62,19.44,23.10,33.24,39.61,42.26,48.22,71.87,73.94,117.78,124.95,127.35,127.57,128.32,128.47,133.66,134.23,144.48,155.25
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-异丙氧甲基苯酚,
NMR(CDCl3):19.44,22.32,33.27,39.65,42.29,48.25,69.28,72.10,117.90,127.38,128.03,128.41,131.10,133.76,134.37,144.51,154.65.
盐酸盐:无色晶体,熔点:140.4℃,tlc(4)
0.61. LC-MS:383(6%,[M-HCl]+.),368(11%),324(1%),223
(6%),195(3%),165(2%),155(5%),114(100%).NMR(DMSO-
d6):16.57,18.09,18.19,22.29,31.58,41.25,45.87,53.97,
69.26,69.92,115.28,126.34,127.08,127.25,127.96,128.45,
129.07,129.70,132.31,143.88,154.22.
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-丁氧甲基苯酚,
NMR(CDCl3):13.75,19.44,19.75,32.24,33.28,
39.60,42.20,48.20,72.45,117.87,125.50,127.29,128.39,
133.70,134.30,144.47,155.36
(±)-乙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲氧甲基苯基酯,NMR(CDCl3):19.99,20.62,20.90,
33.33,42.30,48.21,58.41,75.94,122.92,127.37,127.95,
128.35,131.85,136.99,138.81,143.88,147.88,168.95
(±)-乙酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙氧甲基苯基酯,NMR(CDCl3):15.49,19.94,20.95,
33.23,42.25,48.25,65.70,73.73,122.63,127.46,127.95,
128.36,131.65,136.79,139.71,143.80,147.66,168.99
(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-三甲基甲硅烷氧甲基苯酚,NMR(CDCl3):0.10,19.40,19.43
33.25,39.65,42.25,48.20,64.93,117.90,124.90,126.60,
127.35,128.35,128.48,133.80,137.15,144.49,155.28
(±)-二异丙基-[3-苯基-3-(2-三甲基甲硅烷氧基-5-三甲基甲硅烷氧甲基苯基)丙基]胺,NMR(CDCl3):
0.10,0.29,19.40,19.53,33.28,41.19,42.27,48.25,66.40
121.37,127.36,128.25,128.50,136.42,144.10,154.98
(±)-[3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-三甲基甲硅烷氧苯基]甲醇,NMR(CDCl3):0.29,0.33,19.40,
19.53,33.27,41.16,42.27,48.23,65.22,118.04,124.99,
126.52,127.30,128.25,134.16,136.80,144.14,155.06
(±)-二异丙基-[3-(5-甲氧甲基-2-三甲基甲硅烷氧苯基)-3-苯基丙胺,NMR(CDCl3):0.28,0.32,19.39,
19.43,33.28,41.22,42.33,48.19,58.40,75.95,117.68,
124.92,126.60,127.35,128.25,128.55,134.00,136.47,
144.16,155.09
(±)-二异丙基-[3-(5-乙氧甲基-2-三甲基甲硅烷氧苯基)-3-苯基丙胺,NMR(CDCl3):0.28,0.31,15.50,
19.42,19.58,33.29,41.17,42.25,48.20,65.70,72.48,
117.50,124.75,126.39,127.39,128.25,128.50,134.99,
136.28,144.19,154.28
(±)[4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基]甲醇,Rf 0.65(3)
(±)-乙酸4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,NMR(CDCl3):
-4.92,-5.00,19.40,19.49,20.40,20.83,23.49,33.25,
41.22,42.25,48.25,72.55,81.55,121.24,124.88,127.40,
128.26,128.44,128.48,133.37,135.74,144.11,155.20
(±)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯酚,tlc:Rf 0.70(3);GC-MS/N-CI(甲烷,三甲基甲硅烷基衍生物):526.5(59%),454.3(100%),412.2(14%),340.1(42%);GC-MS/P-CI(甲烷,三甲基甲硅烷基衍生物):528.6(100%),512.5(85%),470.43(10%),396.3(31%)。
(±)-乙酸4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,NMR(CDCl3):-4.77,-4.88,19.15,20.65,20.93,24.77,33.25,42.20,48.20,67.90,122.79,125.15,127.44,127.90,128.41,136.99,140.55,143.85,147.86,168.95
(±)-{3-[2-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧甲基)苯基]3-苯基丙基}二异丙胺,
tlc:Rf 0.94(3);GC-MS/N-CI(甲烷):568.6(62%),454.3(100%),438.2(10%),340.2(58%),324.8(16%),234.7(78%);GC-MS/P-CI(甲烷):570.6(70%),554.5(52%),512.5(18%),438.4(24%)
(±)-乙酸4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,tlc:Rf0.56(5);GC-MS/P-CI(氨):474.4(100%),416.4(54%);NMR(CDCl3):20.44,20.56,21.07,36.73,41.53,44.01,48.79,66.43,70.00,111.61,125.75,127.34,127.55,127.76,127.90,128.03,128.27,128.39,133.98,136.98,144.63,156.05,170.94
(±)-苯甲酸4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,tlc:Rf0.87(4);NMR(CDCl3):20.54,
20.60,36.80,41.51,43.95,48.67,66.83,70.04,111.66,
125.76,127.35,127.45,127.78,128.06,128.27,128.30,
128.42,128.85,129.66,130.55,132.86,134.05,137.03,
144.75,156.08,166.46;GC-MS/P-CI(氨):536.5(100%),
416.4(42%)
(±)-异丁酸4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,tlc:Rf0.77(4);NMR(CDCl3):19.01,20.62,20.65,34.04,36.85,41.54,43.97,48.71,66.15,70.06,111.62,125.79,125.96,126.97,127.24,127.55,127.81,128.08,128.34,128.45,134.05,137.10,144.79,156.00,177.01;GC-MS/P-CI(氨):502.4(100%),416.4(49%)
f)碳酸酯和氨基甲酸酯
N-单取代的氨基甲酸酯
将4.0mmol中间体B、苄型醚(式VI,R11=H)或式II的单酯于二氯甲烷(20ml)中的溶液在室温下用异氰酸酯(4.8mmol)或二异氰酸酯(2.2mmol)处理16小时。用10ml碳酸氢钠水溶液(5%,w/v)洗涤、干燥(Na2SO4)并蒸发后,得到游离碱的油状残余物或无色固体。
N-二取代的氨基甲酸酯
将N,N-二烷基氨基甲酰氯(4.4mmol)溶于二氯甲烷,滴加到冷却(0℃)和搅拌着的、由中间体B(4.0mmol)、二氯甲烷(30ml)与三乙胺(7.0mmol,0.71mg,1ml)组成的混合物中。继续搅拌6小时。混合物然后用5份(10ml)碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,干燥(硫酸钠),过滤并蒸发,得到氨基甲酸酯,为无色的油或固体。
以同样方式,利用中间体B和过量异氰酸酯(4.8mmol)以及甲苯溶剂在65℃下经过18小时,制备双氨基甲酸酯。
按照式II至IV化合物的制备所述方法制备和处理碳酸酯。使用氯代甲酸烷基酯作为酰化剂。
盐酸盐:
将油或固体溶于四氢呋喃(10ml)。加入醚制盐酸并在高真空中蒸发至干,得到结晶性或无定形盐酸氨基甲酸酯。
特别是制备了下列化合物,下面给出了它们的分析数据:
(±)-N-乙基氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,tlc:Rf0.38(4);GC-MS/P-CI(氨,三甲基甲硅烷基衍生物):486.8(100%),413.4(5%),398.4(6%);盐酸盐:熔点:64℃(分解);NMR(DMSO-d6):15.16,16.68,18.05,18.13,25.33,31.26,35.46,53.94,62.65,67.22,123.04,125.70,126.72,127.86,128.67,135.42,136.02,140.07,142.98,147.53,154.52
(±)-N,N-二甲基氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,NMR(CDCl3):20.34,20.66,30.51,36.33,36.77,42.00,48.28,50.21,65.65,119.83,123.44,125.19,126.60,127.38,127.54,129.31,136.62,143.33,150.99,155.67.
(±)-N,N-二乙基氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,NMR(CDCl3):20.54,20.66,30.49,35.61,42.42,48.31,50.20,65.56,119.43,123.40,125.33,126.66,126.99,127.05,136.30,143.27,149.13,154.97
(±)-N-苯基氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,NMR(CDCl3):20.52,20.61,36.91,39.44,42.25,48.22,62.66,118.36,119.46,123.50,125.32,127.11,127.99,130.15,132.63,139.65,141.33,145.16,152.21,156.00
盐酸(±)-[2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯氧羰基氨基]乙酸乙酯,Tlc:Rf0.14(4);熔点:元色晶体(得自丙酮,产率21%);NMR(CDCl3):16.76,16.86,18.45,20.96,31.37,42.20,46.13,54.56,65.50,123.10,126.98,127.66,128,72,
130.14,134.05,134.72,135.22,141.37,148.47,165.12,
170.71
(±)-N-乙基氨基甲酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-N-乙基氨基甲酰氧苄基酯,tlc:Rf0.36(3);
NMR(CDCl3):15.00,19.23,19.40,33.26,36.00,39.62,42.35,
48.12,65.95,118.30,125.45,127.08,128.33,130.37,134.24,
144.44,155.44,157.74
(±)-N,N-二甲基氨基甲酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰氧苄基酯,
NMR(CDCl3):20.59,20.66,30.59,35.96,36.40,36.74,36.98,
42.03,48.26,50.09,67.09,119.04,123.23,123.49,125.01,
126.67,127.72,129.33,133.65,143.43,150.99,155.63.
(±)-N,N-二乙基氨基甲酸3-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰氧苄基酯,
NMR(CDCl3):13.31,13.64,13.89,20.33,20.71,31.57,37.97,
41.55,42.37,48.46,51.00,67.23,120.00,123.39,124.82,
126.31,126.95,127.33,150.36,157.18,158.97.
(±)-{4-[2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯氧羰基氨基]丁基}氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯(式VII’,X=Y=NH,n=4),tlc:Rf 0.60(6);二盐酸盐熔点142.5-145.6℃
(±)-碳酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯乙基酯,Rf 0.67(4)
(±)-碳酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙氧羰基氧甲基苯基酯乙基酯,Rf 0.87(4)
g)通过环闭合置换作用(RCM)形成的分子内环状二酯
实施例:
(±)-戊-4-烯酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-(戊-4-烯酰氧甲基)苯基酯(x=y=2)
将冷却(4℃)的戊-4-烯酸、氯甲酸异丁酯和三乙胺(各5.84mmol)在10ml二氯甲烷中的混合物在干燥氮气氛下搅拌5小时。然后除去冷却浴,一次性加入三乙胺(1.46mmol)和2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚(1.46mmol)。18小时后,混合物用二氯甲烷(30ml)稀释,用水洗涤几次,最后用5%碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤。干燥(硫酸钠)、过滤并蒸发后,将油状残余物再次溶于少量由乙酸乙酯/庚烷/三乙胺(65/30/5,vol.-%)组成的溶剂混合物,加到硅胶快速色谱柱中。柱子用相同的溶剂混合物洗脱,收集适当的馏分,合并后蒸发,得到(±)-戊-4-烯酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-(戊-4-烯酰氧甲基)苯基酯,为淡黄色糖浆状油(产率50%),tlc:(4)0.75.NMR(CDCl3):18.95,20.77,27.75,28.87,33.58,36.83,42.13,43.72,48.71,65.85,70.55,115.47,115.99,122.45,126.26,127.08,127.96,128.11,128.83,133.73,136.38,136.79,137.04,143.77,148.46,171.11,172.78.
1,ω-二酸和中间体B的分子内环状二酯
实施例
辛烷-1,8-二酸和2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚的分子内环状二酯
向(±)-戊-4-烯酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-(戊-4-烯酰氧甲基)苯基酯(483mg,0.96mmoL)的二氯甲烷(150ml)溶液中加入Grubbs催化剂(亚苄基-双-(三环己基膦)-二氯代钌,16mg,0.002mmol,2mol-%),混合物在氮气氛下回流96小时,然后tlc显示已消耗掉全部原料。混合物通过碱性矾土短垫层过滤,在真空中除去溶剂。快速色谱法(溶剂系统(4))得到中间体,即辛-4-烯-1,8-二酸和2-(3-二异丙氨基)-1-(苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚的分子内环状二酯(324mg),为无色糖浆状物(tlc:(4)Rf 0.68),产率为71%,是两种几何异构体的混合物。NMR(CDCl3,主要异构体):19.24,20.61,23.11,25.62,30.55,33.53,35.02,42.41,48.29,50.20,65.30,114.46,124.33,125.58,127.15,128.70,129.29,131.10,132.46,139.54,146.76,147.98,173.76,174.39.
将一部分该物质(140mg)溶于乙酸乙酯(10ml),在室温和钯碳催化剂的存在下氢化,以基本上定量的产率得到辛烷-1,8-二酸和2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚的分子内环状二酯,139mg,无色的油,tlc:(4)0.71.NMR(CDCl3):19.36,20.73,24.84,25.28,28.90,29.70,30.57,33.72,34.37,42.39,48.26,50.20,65.26,114.45,124.37,127.11,128.67,129.29,131.18,132.45,139.52,146.77,147.69,173.90,174.15.
中间体B的多-共-DL交酯
全部试剂在室温和真空(<1mbar)下经P2O5干燥。反应是在室温和干燥、不含氧的氮气氛下进行的。
低分子量共聚物
将15%正丁基锂(0.36ml)通过橡胶隔片注射到搅拌着的2-(3-二异丙氨基-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚(100mg,中间体B)与DL-二交酯(1.5g)于15ml无水甲苯中的溶液中。聚合作用在室温下进行4天。然后加入蒸馏水(10ml),目的是终止聚合作用。分离有机相,缓慢滴加到200ml甲醇中。所沉淀出来的无色的油用水(100ml)处理,然后在高真空中干燥48小时。以72.7%产率得到共聚物。NMR分析(见下)显示,平均分子量范围Mn为2000-4000,中间体B的重量含量约为8.4%(NMR)。Tlc分析显示,没有单体中间体B存在。凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)分析显示,Mw为1108,Mn为702。
高分子量共聚物
如上所述制备高分子量共聚物,例外的是使用3.0g DL-二交酯。用甲醇进行沉淀,得到绒毛状白色固体,小心地用水洗涤,然后如上所述干燥,以81%产率得到共聚物。NMR分析(见下)显示,平均分子量范围Mn为4000-8000,中间体B的重量含量约为2.0%。Tlc分析显示,没有单体中间体B存在。凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)分析显示,Mw为9347,Mn为6981。示差扫描量热法(DSC)提供的Tg为42.5℃。
NMR分析
从中间体B的共聚部分清晰地分离到多乳酰基链的1H NMR共振信号(溶剂为CDCl3):
多乳酰基链的CH3共振:1.30-1.60ppm
多乳酰基链的CH共振:5.10-5.30ppm
连接乳酰基单元与中间体B的两个羟基的CH共振:4.8-5.0ppm和5.5-5.7ppm
键合中间体B的聚合物:1.06-1.11(CH3),2.20-2.30
(CH2CH2),2.40-2.80(NCH2),3.30-3.50(NCH),4.45-4.55
(CHCH2),4.70-4.80(CH2-OCO-lactyl),6.70-7.30(芳基CH).
h)无机酯
实施例
(±)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-磺氧甲基苯基酯盐酸盐
在0℃下,向搅拌着的氯磺酸(116mg,1.0mmol)于5ml无水二乙醚中的溶液中缓慢加入(±)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯(445.6mg,1.0mmol)于3ml无水二乙醚中的溶液。将在加入过程中立即生成的凝胶状物在室温下搅拌,直到变为具有一致的结晶性(约1小时)。沉淀用二乙醚洗涤几次,然后在真空中干燥,得到0.52g(产率46%)无色晶体,无色晶体,熔点:63-65℃.NMR(CDCl3):16.85,17.03,18.32,18.49,32.01,42.29,46.23,55.23,55.50,69.24,122.52,126.94,127.15,129.04,129.76,130.25,133.89,134.93,136.85,141.87,147.80,165.19.
i)2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯酚的苄型1-
O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸化物
将2,3,4-三乙酰基-1-α-D-葡糖醛酸糖基溴(2.07g,4.64mmol)于24ml无水甲苯中的溶液在氮气氛下冷却至-25℃,然后用(±)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯于7ml甲苯中的溶液处理。在搅拌和避光下,向该混合物中滴加三氟甲磺酸银于14ml甲苯中的溶液(立即生成白色沉淀)。15分钟后除去冷却浴,加入吡啶(0.38ml)。混合物用乙酸乙酯(200ml)稀释,过滤,澄清的黄色滤液连续用硫代硫酸钠水溶液(5%)、碳酸氢钠水溶液(5%)和氯化钠水溶液(20%)洗涤。溶液用固体硫酸钠干燥,用木炭处理,过滤并蒸发至干。将蜡状残余物再次溶于少量由乙酸乙酯/庚烷/三乙胺(65/30/5,vol.-%)组成的溶剂混合物,加入硅胶快速色谱柱中。柱子用相同的溶剂混合物洗脱,收集适当的馏分,合并后蒸发,得到(±)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-(2,3,4-三乙酰-1β-D-葡糖醛酸糖基氧甲基)苯基酯,为无色糖浆状物,tlc(4)0.70(原料的胺:0.31,溴苷:0.23),产率14%。NMR(CDCl3,非对映异构体混合物):20.41,20.50,20.60,20.65,20.84,36.49,42.44,43.65,48.73,52.91,69.46,70.43,71.12,72.11,72.60,73.99,99.19,122.91,126.23,126.38,126.54,127.60,127.92,128.06,128.09,128.31,128.59,12 9.38,130.22,133.67,134.31,137.41,143.52,148.46,164.82,167.26,169.21,169.39,170.07.
将一部分上述物质(350mg)在由四氢呋喃/甲醇/氢氧化钾水溶液组成的溶剂混合物中溶解并水解(过量,12小时,22℃)。蒸发混合物,再次溶于5ml水,pH调至8.3。该溶液上色谱柱,柱子装有预先洗涤过的XAD 2树脂(50g)。柱子用水(约250ml)洗涤,然后用甲醇洗脱。收集适当的甲醇部分,合并后在真空中蒸发,得到111mg(±)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-(1β-D-葡糖醛酸糖基氧甲基)苯酚的钠盐,为无色无定形固体,熔点=110-124℃(分解),tlc(4)0.12.NMR(CD3OD,主要异构体):19.43,19.67,33.26,39.63,42.27,48.23,69.76,73.55,74.70,75.95,78.03,107.64,117.95,125.51,127.36,128.33,133.83,134.77,144.49,155.36,176.76.
II.不同的本发明化合物用人肝S9-部分培养
a)未标记酶解物的培养
使用混合人肝S9-制剂,目的是显示不同的本发明化合物的代谢,证实通过酶的处理产生活性代谢产物。
混合人肝S9-制剂由Gentest,Woburn,MA,USA交付。
在常规的测定中,在NADPH(1mM)的存在下,将25μl混合人肝S9(20mg蛋白质/ml,H961,Gentest,Woburn,MA,USA)在37℃下用40μM酶解物于0.01M磷酸钾中的缓冲溶液培养2小时。加入浓高氯酸淬灭反应,离心除去沉淀出来的蛋白质。上清液用浓磷酸钾溶液调至pH3,离心,注入到HPLC中,分析各产物。
通过常规的高效液相色谱法(HPLC)的UV检测,进行非氘化化合物的分析。
图1列出培养结果,以理论上的更新率(%)表示。
它们在96至63.2%的范围内。活性代谢产物的生成取决于各化合物在苄型一侧和酚型一侧上的取代基。
解释:
测定中引入的药物前体具有下列化学结构:化学结构X-/-YAcO-/-OAc 指 乙酸根HO-/-OBut 指 羟基和正丁酸根HO-/-OiBut 指 羟基和异丁酸根iButO-/-OiBut 指 异丁酸根ButO-/-OBut 指 正丁酸根PropO-/-OProp 指 丙酸根HO-/-OProp 指 羟基和丙酸根HO-/-OAc 指 羟基和乙酸根BzO-/-OBz 指 苯甲酸根和苯甲酸根AcO-/-OiBut 指 乙酸根和异丁酸根AcO-/-OBz 指 乙酸根和苯甲酸根
b)标记酶解物的培养
体外比较未标记的羟基代谢产物(即中间体B)与氘化羟基代谢产物(中间体d2B)的代谢降解。所用的是各对映体和外消旋物。
羟基代谢产物和氘化羟基代谢产物在产生相应的羧酸的速率上表现出明显差异。
测量是在这样的条件下进行的,培养时间为3小时,温度为37.0℃,浓度为40μM。从氘化羟基代谢产物生成羧酸的速度显著降低了10%。
这些体外实验说明,体外氘化化合物的代谢更新减少了,可导致更高的血浆水平。
c)受体结合研究
WO 94/11337公开了活性代谢产物对豚鼠膀胱内的毒蕈碱受体具有较高的亲合性。在成熟的标准化测定中试验了不同的本发明化合物,测量[3H]-甲基东莨菪碱对重组人M3受体的结合。利用标准工艺,用编码人毒蕈碱M3受体的质粒转染过的BSR-M3H细胞用于在改性Tris-HCl pH 7.4缓冲液中制备膜。在有或没有不同浓度的若干本发明化合物的存在下,将膜制剂的等分试样在25℃下用[3H]-甲基东莨菪碱培养60分钟。在1μM阿托品的存在下评价发生的非特异性结合。将膜过滤,洗涤三次,对滤纸进行计数,以测定特异性结合的[3H]-甲基东莨菪碱的量。下表显示若干本发明化合物在M3受体结合测定中的IC50值。
体外与人M3受体的相互作用
药物前体 | IC50[nM] |
(+)HO-/-OH | 8.7 |
(-)HO-/-OH | 1300 |
(+)HO-/-OiBut | 159 |
(+)HO-/-OBz | 172 |
BzO-/-OBz | 2400 |
AcO-/-OiBut | 3600 |
AcO-/-OBz | 5400 |
这些数据清楚地显示,在酚型羟基部分上的衍生作用导致结合效力下降大约20倍。如果两种官能度都被衍生,结合作用进而更加显著地降低。而且证明,活性代谢产物的对映体在与人M3受体的结合特征上表现出显著差异。
在利用豚鼠回肠进行的标准组织测定中试验了化合物的抗胆碱能活性。通过颈脱臼法处死Duncan Hartley豚鼠,取一段回肠。将组织放置在10ml Krebs溶液浴(pH 7.4,32℃)中,张力为1g,然后记录不同化合物减少乙酰甲胆碱(0.6μM)诱发的收缩反应的、依赖于浓度的能力。计算不同物质的IC50值,实例列在下表中。
体外豚鼠回肠内的抗胆碱能活性
药物前体 | IC50[nM] |
(+)HO-/-OH | 20 |
(-)HO-/-OH | 680 |
(+)HO-/-OiBut | 57 |
(+)HO-/-OBz | 180 |
(+)BzO-/-OBz | 220 |
(+)AcO-/-OiBut | 240 |
这些数据确认了受体结合测定中得到的结果,证明化合物的抗胆碱能活性随着衍生程度增加而降低。
d)生物膜
按照Tiemessen等人的方法(Acta Pharm.Technol.1998;34:99-101),在32℃下试验不同的本发明化合物在“流通细胞”内渗透人皮肤(200μm厚)的能力。使用磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 6.2)作为接受介质。在不同的时间点取样,通过RP-HPLC的UV检测(220nm)进行分析。将渗透作用作图,通过线性回归分析计算不同物质的平均流速。所得不同的本发明化合物数据总结在下表中。
通过人皮肤的渗透作用
药物前体 | 流速(μg/cm2/24小时) |
HO-/-OH | 3 |
HO-/-OiBut | 150 |
iButO-/-OiBut | 60 |
PropO-/-OProp | 70 |
HO-/-OH羟基的双取代作用引起皮肤渗透作用比母体HO-/-OH增加≥20倍。酚型羟基的单取代作用惊人地导致透过人皮肤的速率比母体高50倍。
综上,这些生物学数据清楚地证明,本发明化合物对人毒蕈碱M3受体具有较低结合亲合性。它们对生物膜、例如人皮肤表现出较高透过作用,并且,它们一旦进入全身循环,即快速转化为活性代谢产物,如人肝S9制剂的体外代谢所示。
因此,根据本发明的抗毒蕈碱药物前体堪称出色的药物前体。
Claims (27)
1.通式I和VII’的3,3-二苯基丙胺:
其中R和R’独立地选自
a)氢、C1-C6烷基、C3-C10环烷基、取代或未取代的苄基、烯丙基或糖基;或
b)甲酰基、C1-C6烷基羰基、环烷基羰基、取代或未取代的芳基羰基,优选为苯甲酰基;或
其中R4和R5独立地代表氢、C1-C6烷基、取代或未取代的芳基,优选取代或未取代的苯基、苄基或苯氧基烷基,其中的烷基残基有1至4个碳原子,其中R4和R5可以与胺氮原子共同形成一个环;或e)
其中R6和R7独立地代表C1-C6烷基、取代或未取代的芳基,优选为取代或未取代的苯基、苄基或苯氧基烷基,其中的烷基残基具有1至6个碳原子;或
f)无机酸的一个酯部分,
g)-SiRaRbRc,其中的Ra、Rb、Rc独立地选自C1-C4烷基或芳基,优选为苯基,
其前提条件是,如果R是氢,则R’不是氢、甲基或苄基,
X代表式Ia的叔氨基
其中的R8和R9代表非芳族烃基,它们可以是相同或不同的,共同含有至少三个碳原子,其中R8和R9可以与胺氮原子共同形成一个环,
Y和Z独立地代表(CH2)n基与羰基之间的单键、O、S或NH,
A代表氢或氘,
n是0至12,
和
它们与生理学上可接受的酸生成的盐、它们的游离碱,当化合物可以是旋光异构体的形式时,还提供了外消旋混合物和各对映体。
3.如权利要求2的3,3-二苯基丙胺,选自由通式II和II’代表的酚型单酯:
其中R1代表氢、C1-C6烷基或苯基。
4.如权利要求3的3,3-二苯基丙胺,选自:
(±)-甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-乙酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-丙酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-正丁酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-异丁酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
R-(+)-异丁酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2-乙酰氨基乙酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-环戊烷羧酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-环己烷羧酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
R-(+)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-4-甲基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2-甲基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2-乙酰氧基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-1-萘甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2-萘甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-4-氯苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-4-甲氧基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2-甲氧基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-4-硝基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2-硝基苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-丙二酸双[2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基]酯,
(±)-琥珀酸双[2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基]酯,
(±)-戊二酸双[2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基]酯,
(±)-己二酸双[2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基]酯。
6.如权利要求5的3,3-二苯基丙胺,选自
(±)-甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲酰氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-乙酸4-乙酰氧基-3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,
(±)-丙酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-丙酰氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-正丁酸4-正丁酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
(±)-异丁酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-异丁酰氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-(2,2-二甲基丙酰氧基)苄基酯,
(±)-苯甲酸4-苯甲酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
R-(+)-苯甲酸4-苯甲酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
(±)-戊-4-烯酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-(戊-4-烯酰氧甲基)苯基酯,
中间体B的环辛-4-烯-1,8-二酸酯,
中间体B的辛烷-1,8-二酸酯,
中间体B的多-共-DL-交酯。
8.如权利要求7的3,3-二苯基丙胺,选自:
(±)-乙酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲酰氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲酰氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙酰氧甲基苯基酯,
R-(+)-苯甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙酰氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-异丁酸4-乙酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
R-(+)-异丁酸4-乙酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸4-乙酰氧基-3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸4-乙酰氧甲基-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
(±)-苯甲酸4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯。
10.如权利要求9的3,3-二苯基丙胺,选自:
(±)-甲酸3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,
(±)-乙酸3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,
(±)-丙酸3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,
(±)-丁酸3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,
(±)-异丁酸3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,
(±)-2,2-二甲基丙酸3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯,
(±)-苯甲酸3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟基苄基酯。
12.如权利要求11的3,3-二苯基丙胺,选自:
(±)-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲氧甲基苯酚,
(±)-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙氧甲基苯酚,
(±)-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-丙氧甲基苯酚,
(±)-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-异丙氧甲基苯酚,
(±)-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-丁氧甲基苯酚,
(±)-乙酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-甲氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-乙酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙氧甲基苯基酯,
(±)-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-三甲基甲硅烷氧甲基苯酚,
(±)-二异丙基-[3-苯基-3-(2-三甲基甲硅烷氧基-5-三甲基甲硅烷氧甲基苯基)丙基]胺,
(±)-[3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-三甲基甲硅烷氧苯基]甲醇,
(±)-二异丙基-[3-(5-甲氧甲基-2-三甲基甲硅烷氧苯基)-3-苯基丙胺,
(±)-二异丙基-[3-(5-乙氧甲基-2-三甲基甲硅烷氧苯基)-3-苯基丙胺,
(±)-[4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基]甲醇,
(±)-乙酸4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,
(±)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯酚,
(±)-乙酸4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
(±)-{3-[2-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧甲基)苯基]-3-苯基丙基}二异丙胺,
(±)-[4-(叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷氧基)-3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基]甲醇,
(±)-乙酸4-(叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷氧甲基)-2-(3-二异丙氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯基酯,
(±)-4-(叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷氧甲基)-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苯酚,
(±)-{3-[2-(叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷氧基)-5-(叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷氧甲基)苯基]-2-苯基丙基}二异丙胺,
(±)-乙酸4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,
(±)-苯甲酸4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,
(±)-异丁酸4-苄氧基-3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)苄基酯,
(±)-2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-(1β-D-葡糖醛酸糖基氧甲基)苯酚。
14.如权利要求13的3,3-二苯基丙胺,选自:
(±)-N-乙基氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-N,N-二甲基氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-N,N-二乙基氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-N-苯基氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-[2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯氧羰基氨基]乙酸乙酯盐酸盐,
(±)-N-乙基氨基甲酸3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-N-乙基氨基甲酰氧苄基酯,
(±)-N,N-二甲基氨基甲酸3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-N,N-二甲基氨基甲酰氧苄基酯,
(±)-N,N-二乙基氨基甲酸3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-N,N-二乙基氨基甲酰氧苄基酯,
(±)-N-苯基氨基甲酸3-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-N-苯基氨基甲酰氧苄基酯,
(±)-{4-[2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯氧羰基氨基]丁基}氨基甲酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯,
(±)-碳酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯乙基酯,
(±)-碳酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-羟甲基苯基酯苯基酯,
(±)-碳酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-乙氧羰基氧甲基苯基酯乙基酯,
(±)-碳酸2-(3-二异丙基氨基-1-苯基丙基)-4-苯氧羰基氧甲基苯基酯苯基酯。
25.用作药学活性物质、尤其是作为抗毒蕈碱剂的如权利要求1至15的3,3-二苯基丙胺。
26.药物组合物,包含如权利要求1至15的3,3-二苯基丙胺和一种适合的药物载体。
27.如权利要求1至15的3,3-二苯基丙胺在制备抗毒蕈碱药物中的用途。
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN100441179C (zh) * | 2003-04-08 | 2008-12-10 | 施瓦茨制药有限公司 | (r)-3,3-二苯丙胺单酯的透皮给药 |
CN101454273B (zh) * | 2006-05-31 | 2013-08-21 | 施瓦茨制药有限公司 | 取代的羟甲基苯酚的合成方法 |
CN101466371B (zh) * | 2006-06-09 | 2011-10-05 | 施瓦茨制药有限公司 | 含非索罗定的稳定的药用组合物 |
CN103304356A (zh) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-18 | 北京乐威泰克医药技术有限公司 | 羟胺的合成方法 |
CN103304356B (zh) * | 2012-03-12 | 2016-01-20 | 北京乐威泰克医药技术有限公司 | 羟胺的合成方法 |
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