CN111511895A - 干细胞培养用支架材料以及使用了该支架材料的干细胞培养方法 - Google Patents
干细胞培养用支架材料以及使用了该支架材料的干细胞培养方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111511895A CN111511895A CN201880083514.4A CN201880083514A CN111511895A CN 111511895 A CN111511895 A CN 111511895A CN 201880083514 A CN201880083514 A CN 201880083514A CN 111511895 A CN111511895 A CN 111511895A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种干细胞培养用支架材料,其包含合成树脂,其中,100℃储能模量为1.0×104pa以上且1.0×108pa以下,25℃储能模量与100℃储能模量的比((25℃的储能模量)/(100℃的储能模量))为1.0×101以上且1.0×105以下。该干细胞培养用支架材料具备适度的亲水性以及强度,干细胞的接种后的固定性高,可高效率地进行细胞增殖,抗损伤性优异。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种干细胞培养用支架材料以及使用了该支架材料的干细胞培养方法。
现有技术
期待干细胞对药物开发或再生医疗的应用。干细胞是具有自我复制能力及分化能力的细胞,存在:可分化为所有细胞种类的多能干细胞、以及可以仅分化为同系列的身体组织的构成细胞种类的组织干细胞及组织祖细胞。多能干细胞,例如可举出人类胚胎干细胞(hESC)或人类诱导性多能干细胞(hiPSC)等人类多能干细胞(hPSC)等。安全且再现性优异地培养干细胞并使其增殖,在医疗应用这些细胞的方面成为必需的基础技术。特别在再生医疗的产业利用上,必须在未分化状态下大量处理干细胞。因此,对使用天然及合成的高分子或饲养细胞进行干细胞的增殖,同时维持多能性能(或多分化能力)的技术进行广泛的研究。特别是,已知若使用层粘连蛋白、玻连蛋白等粘合蛋白、源自小鼠肉瘤的基质胶作为天然高分子,则接种后的细胞固定性非常高。
但是,可举出如下情况作为技术问题:天然高分子由于生产性非常低,因此较为昂贵;由于为源自天然的物质,因此可以看见批次间的不均匀;存在由源自动物的成分所引起的安全性上的顾虑。
为了解决所述技术问题,提出有一种使用了合成树脂的干细胞培养树脂载体。例如在专利文献1的实施例栏中,在小鼠纤维母细胞的培养中,为了提供亲水性且耐水性优异的支架材料,公开有一种缩醛化度为20~60摩尔%的聚乙烯醇缩醛化合物。在专利文献2的实施例栏中,在小鼠ES细胞的培养中,公开有一种由丙烯酸聚合物所构成的水凝胶。在专利文献3的实施例栏中,在小鼠iPS细胞的培养中,公开有一种亲水性且柔软的聚轮烷凝胶。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2006-314285号公报
专利文献2:日本特开2010-158180号公报
专利文献3:日本特开2017-23008号公报
发明内容
本发明所解决的技术问题
然而,在专利文献1中,存在由于亲水性高,因此培养基中发生溶胀,支架材料树脂剥离的问题。此外,存在干细胞、多能干细胞的接种后的固定性低,未充分地增殖的问题。在专利文献2中,使用了2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸钠盐以及对苯乙烯磺酸钠、N,N’-二甲基丙烯酰胺,存在由于亲水性高,因此培养基中发生溶胀,支架材料树脂剥离的问题。在专利文献3中,存在由于亲水性高,因此培养基中发生溶胀,支架材料树脂剥离的问题。由于其为柔软的支架材料,因此有促进向心肌细胞的分化这样的问题。
此外,举出如下情况作为技术问题:在培养容器内接种干细胞的接种工序中,因移液管前端与培养容器底面接触而使涂膜剥离,产生试验批次间的不均匀。
根据以上内容,谋求一种具备适度的亲水性以及强度的干细胞培养用支架材料、以及使用了该支架材料的干细胞培养方法。
本发明的目的在于提供一种具备适度的亲水性以及强度,干细胞的接种后的固定性高,可高效率地进行细胞增殖并且耐损伤性优异的干细胞培养用支架材料及使用了该支架材料的干细胞培养方法。
解决技术问题的技术手段
本发明涉及以下的内容。
(1)一种干细胞培养用支架材料,其含有合成树脂,其中,所述干细胞培养用支架材料的100℃储能模量为1.0×104Pa以上且1.0×108Pa以下,所述干细胞培养用支架材料的25℃储能模量与100℃储能模量之比((25℃下的储能模量)/(100℃下的储能模量))为1.0×101以上且1.0×105以下。
(2)根据(1)所述的干细胞培养用支架材料,其中,所述合成树脂为聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂。
(3)根据(1)或(2)所述的干细胞培养用支架材料,其中,所述干细胞为多能干细胞。
(4)一种干细胞培养用容器,其具备(1)~(3)中任一项所述的干细胞培养用支架材料。
发明效果
根据本发明,提供一种具备适度的亲水性以及强度,干细胞的接种后的固定性高的干细胞培养用支架材料以及使用了该支架材料的干细胞培养方法。
附图说明
图1A为实施方式的干细胞培养用容器的立体概念图,图1B为其侧面截面概念图。
图2是实施方式的6孔型干细胞培养用容器的立体概念图。
图3是表示细胞接种起5天后的细胞增殖性的评价标准的图。
图4A以及图4B分别为实施例以及比较例的细胞接种起5天后的相位差显微镜照片。
实施方式
以下,举出实施方式进行本发明的说明,但本发明并不限定于以下的实施方式。
[干细胞培养用支架材料]
本发明人员等为了解决所述技术问题,从合成树脂的物理性质方面出发进行努力研究,结果发现,通过使用具备特定的储能模量的合成树脂,而可解决所述技术问题,从而完成了本发明。即,本发明涉及一种干细胞培养用支架材料,其含有合成树脂,其中,所述干细胞培养用支架材料的100℃储能模量为1.0×104Pa以上且1.0×108Pa以下,25℃储能模量与100℃储能模量的比((25℃的储能模量)/(100℃的储能模量))为1.0×101以上且1.0×105以下。
该干细胞培养用支架材料由于具备适度的亲水性以及强度,因此干细胞的接种后的固定性提升。特别是在不含饲养细胞、粘合蛋白的无血清培养基培养中,干细胞接种后的初期固定率提升。
就使干细胞更适宜地进行粘合的观点而言,所述树脂膜的100℃储能模量更优选为1.0×105Pa以上且1.0×107Pa以下,进一步优选为2.0×105Pa以上且8.0×106Pa以下,进一步更优选为3.0×105Pa以上且5.0×106Pa以下。
就使干细胞更适宜地进行粘合的观点而言,所述树脂膜的25℃储能模量优选为1.0×108Pa以上且1.0×1010Pa以下,更优选为3.0×108Pa以上且8.0×109Pa以下,更优选为5.0×108Pa以上且5.0×109Pa以下。
所述树脂膜的25℃储能模量与100℃储能模量的比,优选为1.0×101以上且1.0×105以下,更优选为1.0×102以上且1.0×104以下。若25℃储能模量以及100℃储能模量值的值、25℃储能模量与100℃储能模量的比为所述范围,则在接种工序中,不会因移液管前端而损伤培养容器底面,在37℃的培养条件下弹性模量变化,可以使干细胞适宜地进行粘合。
就使干细胞适宜地进行粘合的观点而言,所述树脂膜的玻璃化转变点优选为-30℃以上且95℃以下,更优选为0℃以上且90℃以下,进一步优选为20℃以上且90℃以下。
需要说明的是,储能模量以及玻璃化转变点可通过以下的方法进行测定。
具体而言,
1.利用热压机将样品重叠,由此得到厚度500μm的片材。
2.针对所得到的片材,通过动态粘弹性测定装置(IT计测制御株式会社制造,DVA-200),在拉伸条件下,以频率10Hz、以升温速度5℃/分钟在-150℃至150℃的温度范围内进行测定。根据所得到的拉伸储能模量的图表求出25℃以及100℃的储能模量,计算25℃储能模量/100℃储能模量。
3.根据通过储能模量测定所得到的图表,求出损耗正切的峰值温度,设为玻璃化转变温度Tg。
就100℃以及25℃的储能模量而言,例如可通过在主链以及侧链中导入刚性的官能团、结晶性高的官能团而降低高分子链的运动性,从而提升储能模量。
另一方面,可通过在主链以及侧链中导入柔软的官能团或结晶性低的官能团而降低高分子链的运动性,从而降低储能模量。
干细胞培养用支架材料只要满足所述技术特征,则成分并无特别限制,优选含有合成树脂。
合成树脂是指,使聚合性单体(以下,也简称为“单体”)进行聚合(也包含缩聚)所得到的聚合物(以下,也简称为“聚合物”)作为主要成分的树脂。所述聚合物也包含一种或两种以上的聚合性单体的共聚物。
作为所述聚合物,例如可举出选自(不)饱和烃、芳香族烃、(不)饱和脂肪酸、芳香族羧酸、(不)饱和酮、芳香族酮、(不)饱和醇、芳香族醇、(不)饱和胺、芳香族胺、(不)饱和硫醇、芳香族硫醇和有机硅化合物中的一种以上的聚合性单体所构成的聚合物。
作为具体的所述聚合物,例如可举出:聚烯烃、聚醚、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯醇缩醛、聚酯、聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂、聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺、聚氨酯(polyurethane)、聚碳酸酯、纤维素以及多肽等。其中,就干细胞的固定性的观点而言,优选为聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯和聚乙烯醇缩醛,更优选为聚乙烯醇缩醛。
需要说明的是,这些聚合物可以使用一种,也可将两种以上组合而使用。在组合两种以上的聚合物的情况下,可将两种以上的聚合物混合使用,也可以作为使两种以上的聚合物的骨架进行化学键合而成的聚合物而进行使用。此外,共聚物结构也可以是接枝共聚物、嵌段共聚物以及其组合。因此,在组合多种聚合物作为合成树脂的情况下,优选将聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯与聚乙烯醇缩醛进行组合。
本说明书中的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯是通过使作为单体的(甲基)丙烯酸酯进行聚合所得到的聚合物,但也包含使(甲基)丙烯酸酯以外的单体进行共聚而成的物质。
作为所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯,并无特别限定,优选含有选自(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸环状烷基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸芳基酯、(甲基)丙烯酰胺类、聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯类、(甲基)丙烯酸磷酸胆碱中的至少一种。
作为所述(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯,例如可举出:(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸叔丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸壬酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异壬酯、(甲基)丙烯酸癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸月桂酯、(甲基)丙烯酸硬脂酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异十四烷基酯等。
需要说明的是,这些(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯并无特别限制,氢原子可被碳原子数1~3的烷氧基、四氢糠基等各种取代基所取代。作为氢原子被所述取代基取代而成的(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯,例如可举出:丙烯酸甲氧基乙酯、丙烯酸四氢糠酯等。
作为所述(甲基)丙烯酸环状烷基酯,例如可举出:(甲基)丙烯酸环己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯等。
作为所述(甲基)丙烯酸芳基酯,例如可举出:(甲基)丙烯酸苯酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯等。
作为所述丙烯酰胺类,例如可举出:(甲基)丙烯酰胺、N-异丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、N-叔丁基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、N,N’-二甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、(3-(甲基)丙烯酰胺丙基)三甲基氯化铵、4-(甲基)丙烯酰基吗啉、3-(甲基)丙烯酰基-2-噁唑烷酮、N-[3-(二甲基氨基)丙基](甲基)丙烯酰胺、N-(2-羟基乙基)(甲基)丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、6-(甲基)丙烯酰胺己酸等。
作为所述聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯类,例如可举出:甲氧基-聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙氧基-聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、羟基-聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、甲氧基-二乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙氧基-二乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、羟基-二乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、甲氧基-三乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙氧基-三乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、羟基-三乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。
作为所述(甲基)丙烯酸磷酸胆碱,例如可举出:2-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基乙基磷酸胆碱等。
作为(甲基)丙烯酸酯以外的单体,并无特别限定,可举出:(甲基)丙烯酸、乙烯、乙烯酯等。
所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯可以单独使用,也可以组合使用2种以上。需要说明的是,在本说明书中,所述(甲基)丙烯酸是丙烯酸以及甲基丙烯酸的总称,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯类是丙烯酸酯以及甲基丙烯酸酯的总称。
在合成树脂中,优选使用聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂。以下,对聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂进行说明。
(聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂)
聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂是通过利用醛对聚乙烯醇进行缩醛化而得的树脂,在侧链具有乙酰基、羟基及缩醛基。
作为所述缩醛化中所使用的醛,可举出具有碳原子数1~10的链状脂肪族基、环状脂肪族基或芳香族基的醛。作为这些醛,可以使用现有公知的醛。
所述醛的种类并无特别限定,可举出:甲醛、乙醛、丙醛、丁醛、戊醛、己醛、庚醛、辛醛、壬醛、癸醛、丙烯醛、苯甲醛、肉桂醛、紫苏醛、甲酰基吡啶、甲酰基咪唑、甲酰基吡咯、甲酰基哌啶、甲酰基哌啶、甲酰基三唑、甲酰基四唑、甲酰基吲哚、甲酰基异吲哚、甲酰基嘌呤、甲酰基嘌呤、甲酰基苯并咪唑、甲酰基苯并三唑、甲酰基喹啉、甲酰基异喹啉、甲酰基喹喔啉、甲酰基肉桂啉、甲酰基喋啶、甲酰基呋喃、甲酰基氧杂环戊烷、甲酰基噁烷、甲酰基噻吩、甲酰基四氢噻吩、甲酰基硫化环戊烷、甲酰基腺嘌呤、甲酰基鸟嘌呤、甲酰基胞嘧啶、甲酰基胸腺嘧啶、甲酰基尿嘧啶等。所述醛可以是链状,也可以是环状。
所述醛优选为甲醛、乙醛、丙醛、丁醛、戊醛,进一步优选为丁醛。
所述聚乙烯醇也可以是与乙烯基化合物形成的共聚物。作为乙烯基化合物,可举出:乙烯、烯丙胺、乙烯吡咯烷酮、马来酸酐、马来酰亚胺、衣康酸、(甲基)丙烯酸、(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。
聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂优选在其一部分具有布朗台斯德碱性基团或布朗斯台德酸性基团。其原因在于:在聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂的一部分通过布朗台斯德碱性基团或布朗斯台德酸性基团进行了改性的情况下,在不含饲养细胞、粘合蛋白的无血清培养基培养中,干细胞接种后的初期固定率提升,容易进行干细胞的培养。
所述布朗台斯德碱性基团是可以从其他物质接受氢离子H+的官能团的总称。作为该官能团,例如可举出:氨基、亚氨基、酰氨基、酰亚氨基。
因此,作为该聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂,优选骨架中包含选自具有胺结构的结构单元、具有亚胺结构的结构单元以及具有酰胺结构的结构单元中的至少一种的聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂。
所述布朗斯台德酸性基团是可将氢离子H+转移至其他物质的物质的总称。
作为布朗斯台德酸性基团,可举出:羧基、磺酸基、马来酸基、亚磺酸基、次磺酸基、磷酸基、膦酸基以及这些的盐等。其中,优选羧基。
作为通过所述布朗斯台德酸性基团将所述聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂进行改性的方法,并无特别限定,可通过与所述衣康酸、(甲基)丙烯酸的共聚、接枝而得。
在本发明中,所述亚胺结构指具有C=N键的结构。所述改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂优选在侧链中具有亚胺结构。此外,所述亚胺结构可与构成改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂的主链的碳直接键合,也可通过亚烷基等连结基团而键合。需要说明的是,侧链中具有所述亚胺结构,包括在改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂的接枝链中具有所述亚胺结构。作为具有所述亚胺结构的结构单元,例如可举出下述式(1)所示的结构单元。
[化学式1]
式(1)中,R1表示单键或亚烷基,R2表示具有亚胺结构的基团。
所述式(1)中,在R1为亚烷基的情况下,该亚烷基的碳原子数的优选的下限为1,优选的上限为12。若所述亚烷基的碳原子数超过12,则存在无法得到最佳强度的情况。在所述R1为亚烷基的情况下,所述亚烷基的碳原子数的更优选的上限为5。
所述式(1)中,在R1为亚烷基的情况下,作为该亚烷基,例如可举出:亚甲基、亚乙基、三亚甲基、四亚甲基、五亚甲基、六亚甲基、八亚甲基、十亚甲基等直链状亚烷基;甲基亚甲基、甲基亚乙基、1-甲基亚戊基、1,4-二甲基亚丁基等支链状亚烷基;环亚丙基、环亚丁基、环亚己基等环状亚烷基等。其中,优选为亚甲基、亚乙基、三亚甲基、四亚甲基等直链状烷基,更优选为亚甲基、亚乙基。
作为所述R2,可举出下述式(2)所示的官能团。
[化学式2]
式(2)中,R3表示氢原子或碳原子数1~18的烃基,R4表示碳原子数1~18的烃基。
作为所述烃基,可举出饱和烃基、不饱和烃基、芳香族类烃基等。需要说明的是,所述烃基可以是仅由饱和烃基、不饱和烃基、芳香族类烃基所构成的烃基,也可以是使用了2种以上烃基而得的烃基。
作为所述饱和烃基,例如可举出:甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、2-乙基己基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基、十三烷基、十四烷基、十五烷基、十八烷基等。其中,优选为甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基。
作为所述芳香族类烃基,例如可举出:苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、叔丁基苯基、苄基等。
优选在所述改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂中,在具有所述亚胺结构的结构单元中,R1为单键,R3为氢原子、甲基或乙基,R4为甲基或乙基。
所述改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂中,具有亚胺结构的结构单元的含量的优选的下限为0.1摩尔%,优选的上限为20.0摩尔%。若具有所述亚胺结构的结构单元的含量为0.1摩尔%以上,则成为随时间推移的粘度稳定性良好的物质。若具有所述亚胺结构的结构单元的含量为20.0摩尔%以下,则可充分地进行缩醛化。具有所述亚胺结构的结构单元的含量的更优选的下限为1.0摩尔%,更优选的上限为15.0摩尔%。
在所述改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂中,具有亚胺结构的结构单元的含量与下述缩醛化度的比例(具有亚胺结构的结构单元的含量/缩醛化度)优选0.001~0.5。通过设为所述范围内,可同时实现较高的强度以及优异的粘合性,提升粘合后的耐久性。
所述改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂优选含有具有亚氨基(=NH)结构的结构单元。
所述改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂优选在侧链中具有所述亚氨基。此外,所述亚氨基可与构成改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂的主链的碳直接键合,也可通过亚烷基等连结基团而键合。
所述改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂优选含有具有氨基或酰胺结构的结构单元。
所述改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂优选在侧链中具有所述氨基或酰胺结构。此外,所述氨基或酰胺结构可以与构成改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂的主链的碳直接键合,也可通过亚烷基等连结基团而键合。此外,所述氨基可以是伯胺,可以是仲胺,可以是叔胺,也可以是季胺。在这些中,就细胞固定性的观点而言,优选伯胺。
需要说明的是,在侧链中具有所述氨基或酰胺结构,是指在改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂的接枝链中具有所述氨基或酰胺结构。
特别是,所述氨基优选为-NH2。需要说明的是,在本发明中,酰胺结构是指具有-C(=O)-NH-的结构。其中,具有所述氨基的结构单元优选为下述式(3)所示的结构。此外,具有所述酰胺结构的结构单元优选为下述式(4)所示的结构。
[化学式3]
[化学式4]
式(4)中,R5表示氢原子或碳原子数1~10的烃基。需要说明的是,作为所述烃基,可举出:烷基、烯基、环烷基、环烯基。
具有所述氨基或酰胺结构的结构单元的含量的优选的下限为0.1摩尔%,优选的上限为20摩尔%。若具有所述氨基或酰胺结构的结构单元的含量为0.1摩尔%以上,则可使加成特性充分。若所述含量为20摩尔%以下,则溶解性不会过度上升,通过沉淀法得到改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂粉末变得容易。所述含量的更优选的下限为0.5摩尔%,更优选的上限为10摩尔%。需要说明的是,具有所述氨基或酰胺结构的结构单元的含量可通过NMR等而进行测定。此外,具有所述氨基或酰胺结构的结构单元与具有亚氨基的结构单元的合计含量的优选的下限为0.1摩尔%,优选的上限为20摩尔%。所述含量的更优选的下限为0.5摩尔%,更优选的上限为10摩尔%。
在所述改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂中,具有亚氨基的结构单元与具有氨基或酰胺结构的结构单元的含量的比例(具有亚氨基的结构单元/具有氨基或酰胺结构的结构单元)优选为0.5/99.5~99.5/0.5。若所述比例为0.5/99.5以上,则可使随时间推移的粘度稳定性充分,若所述比例为99.5/0.5以下,则就固定性的观点而言,可充分地发挥交联性能。所述比例的更优选的下限为5/95,更优选的上限为75/25。
所述改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂的缩醛化度并无特别限定,优选的下限为60摩尔%,优选的上限为90摩尔%。若缩醛化度为60摩尔%以上,则干细胞的固定性优异,可高效率地进行细胞增殖。此外,若缩醛化度为90摩尔%以下,则可使溶剂中的溶解性良好。更优选高于60摩尔%,进一步优选为65摩尔%以上,且更优选为85摩尔%以下,进一步优选为80摩尔%以下。所述改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂的缩醛度可通过NMR等进行测定。
所述改性聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂的乙酰基量并无特别限定,优选的下限为0.0001摩尔%,优选的上限为5摩尔%。
就刚接种后的细胞粘合性的观点而言,优选在聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂的骨架中包含0.1~30摩尔%的选自具有胺结构的结构单元、具有亚氨基的结构单元、以及具有酰胺结构的结构单元中的至少一种官能团。更优选包含1~10摩尔%。
此处,进行本说明书中所使用的用语的说明。
“干细胞”指具有自我复制能力及分化能力的细胞。将干细胞中具有自我复制能力,且可从1个细胞分化为内胚层、中胚层、外胚层的所有细胞的干细胞称为“多能干细胞”。
作为多能干细胞,例如可举出:诱导性多能干细胞(induced pluripotent stemcell,以下称为“iPS细胞”)、胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cells,以下称为“ES细胞”)、Muse细胞(multilinege differentiating stress enduring cells)、胚胎癌细胞(embryonic germ cell)、胚胎生殖干细胞(embryonic germ cell)、mGS细胞(multipotentgerm stem cell)等。
将干细胞中具有自我复制能力,属于外胚层组织、内胚层组织、中胚层组织、生殖系统组织中的任一者,并且表现出向其所属于的器官的构成细胞种类的有限分化能力的细胞称为“组织干细胞”以及“组织祖细胞”。
作为组织干细胞及组织祖细胞,例如可举出:神经干细胞、神经嵴干细胞、视网膜干细胞、角膜干细胞、角质形成细胞表皮干细胞、黑素细胞干细胞、乳腺干细胞、肝干细胞、肠干细胞、气管干细胞、造血干细胞、间充质干细胞、心脏干细胞、血管内皮祖细胞、血管外皮细胞、骨骼肌干细胞、脂肪干细胞、肾祖细胞、精子干细胞等。
通过使用本发明的一个实施方式的干细胞支架材料,所述干细胞种类并无特别限定,均可用作干细胞支架材料。其中,优选为用于多能干细胞、特别是iPS细胞的培养。在不含饲养细胞、粘合蛋白的无血清培养基培养中,干细胞接种后的初期固定率提升,可适宜地进行干细胞的培养。
作为这样的干细胞,例如可举出《更充分了解!干细胞与再生医疗》(羊土公司,长船健二著)中记载的干细胞。
聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂的聚合度的下限优选100,更优选200,进一步优选500,进一步更优选1500。若聚合度为所述范围,则即使在待进行细胞培养的培养基中发生溶胀,也可优选地保持支架材料强度,而提高细胞增殖性。聚合度的上限优选6000,更优选3000,进一步优选2500。若聚合度为所述范围,则操作性良好,可使支架材料适宜地成形。
[干细胞的培养方法]
根据所述干细胞培养用支架材料,可培养各种干细胞,但若考虑其特性,则优选用于干细胞中的多能干细胞的培养。其原因在于:一般认为多能干细胞接种后的培养的固定率较低,但所述干细胞培养用支架材料不易因培养基的水分而溶胀,可以维持适度的亲水性以及强度,因此多能干细胞的接种后的固定率提升。
[干细胞培养用容器]
本发明也涉及一种使用了所述干细胞培养用支架材料的干细胞培养用容器。即,涉及一种干细胞培养用容器,该干细胞培养用容器是在干细胞的培养区域的至少一部分中具备包含所述干细胞支架材料的树脂膜。
图1A为实施方式的干细胞培养用容器的立体概念图,图1B为其侧面截面概念图。干细胞培养用容器的形状并无特别限制,例如可举出如下形态:准备如图1A所示的有底圆柱状的培养皿1,在其底面的干细胞的培养区域中如图1B所示地设置树脂膜12。
干细胞培养用支架材料,在干细胞的培养中,除了用于平面培养(二维培养方法)以外,也可用于更接近活体内的状态、例如多孔质膜、水凝胶等基材上的干细胞的培养(三维培养方法)。其原因在于:通过将细胞培养用支架材料用于生物反应器等,可高效率地使干细胞增殖。
就具备适度的亲水性以及强度的方面而言,细胞培养用支架材料优选用于二维培养方法。
作为平面培养(二维培养方法)用容器,形状或大小并无特别限定,可举出具备1个或多个孔(hole)的细胞培养用测试板、细胞培养用烧瓶。例如可以使用如图2所示的具有6个孔的干细胞培养用容器。所述微量板的孔数量并无限定,例如可举出:2、4、6、12、24、48、96、384等。
所述孔的形状并无特别限定,可举出:正圆、椭圆、三角形、正方形、长方形、五边形等。所述孔底面的形状并无特别限定,可举出:平底、圆底、凹凸等。
具备1个或多个孔(hole)的细胞培养用测试板、细胞培养用烧瓶的材质并无特别限定,可举出高分子树脂或金属、无机材料。作为所述高分子树脂,可举出:聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚酯、聚异戊二烯、环烯烃聚合物、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺、聚酰胺酰亚胺、(甲基)丙烯酸树脂、环氧树脂、聚硅氧烷等。作为金属,可举出:不锈钢、铜、铁、镍、铝、钛、金、银、铂等。作为无机材料,可举出:氧化硅(玻璃)、氧化铝、氧化钛、氧化锆、氧化铁、氮化硅等。
除所述以外,细胞培养用支架材料也可用于使干细胞在培养基中自由悬浮而生长的悬浮培养方法。
[其他实施方式]
本发明中,除所述干细胞培养用支架材料以外,还提供使用了干细胞培养用支架材料的发明作为其他实施方式。
例如,提供含有所述干细胞培养用支架材料及多糖类的干细胞培养用载体(介质)。作为多糖类,并无特别限制,可以使用各种多糖类。其中,优选为水溶性多糖类。
除此以外,也提供具备干细胞培养用支架材料的干细胞培养用纤维。在该情况下,优选将干细胞培养用支架材料涂布于纤维上。此外,干细胞培养用支架材料也可以是含浸或混练于纤维中的形态。干细胞培养用纤维,虽然难以与烧瓶等平面结构粘合,但是适用于容易与纤维(fibril)状结构等立体结构粘合的干细胞的三维培养方法。适于干细胞中特别是脂肪干细胞的培养。
所述干细胞培养用支架材料也可进行交联。其原因在于:通过交联,可抑制水溶胀性,适当地提高强度。也可以在干细胞培养用支架材料中进一步加入交联剂进行交联。
作为交联剂,并无特别限定,可举出:多元醇或多羧酸、羟基羧酸、金属皂、多糖类等。
作为多元醇,并无特别限定,可举出:乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、戊二醇、己二醇、庚二醇、辛二醇、壬二醇、癸二醇、十二烷二醇、十一烷二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、四乙二醇、聚乙二醇、邻苯二酚、邻苯三酚、二硼酸、亚甲基二硼酸、亚乙基二硼酸、亚丙基二硼酸、亚苯基二硼酸、联苯二硼酸、双酚衍生物等。
作为多羧酸,并无特别限定,可举出:草酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、戊二酸、己二酸、庚二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、邻苯二甲酸、聚(甲基)丙烯酸等。
作为羟基羧酸,并无特别限定,可举出:乙醇酸、乳酸、羟基丙二酸、甘油酸、羟基丁酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠苹酸、柠檬酸、异柠檬酸、白氨酸、甲羟戊酸、泛解酸、蓖麻酸、反蓖麻酸、脑羟脂酸、奎尼酸、莽草酸、羟基苯甲酸、水杨酸、杂酚酸、香草酸、丁香酸、焦儿茶酸、二羟基苯甲酸、原儿茶酸、龙胆酸、苔色酸、没食子酸、苦杏仁酸、二苯乙醇酸、阿卓乳酸、草木樨酸、根皮酸、香豆酸、伞形酸、咖啡酸、阿魏酸、芥子酸、羟基硬脂酸等。
作为金属皂,并无特别限定,可举出硬脂酸、月桂酸、蓖麻酸、辛酸等脂肪酸与锂、钠、镁、钙、钡、锌、铝等金属形成的盐。
作为多糖类,并无特别限定,可举出:果胶、瓜尔胶、三仙胶、罗望子胶、角叉菜胶、丙二醇、羧甲基纤维素、直链淀粉、支链淀粉、糖原、纤维素、甲壳素、琼脂糖、角叉菜胶、肝素、玻尿酸、木葡聚糖、葡甘露聚糖酸等。
实施例
以下,举出实施例以及比较例来说明本发明,但本发明并不受以下实施例的限定。需要说明的是,所得到的合成树脂的结构单元、例如具有氨基的结构单元的含量(摩尔%)、具有亚胺结构的结构单元的含量(摩尔%)、缩醛化度(摩尔%)、乙酰基量(摩尔%)、羟基量(摩尔%)等,将合成树脂溶解于DMSO-d6(二甲基亚砜)中,使用1H-NMR(核磁共振谱)进行测定。
[实施例1]
(聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的制备)
在具备搅拌装置的反应机中投入离子交换水2700mL、平均聚合度300、皂化度99摩尔%的聚乙烯醇300g,一面进行搅拌一面进行加热溶解,得到溶液。接着,以使得盐酸浓度成为0.2质量%的方式在该溶液中添加作为催化剂的35质量%盐酸,将温度调整为15℃后,一面进行搅拌一面添加正丁醛(n-BA)20g。其后,添加正丁醛(n-BA)130g,结果白色粒子状的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛树脂析出。在析出后15分钟后,以使得盐酸浓度成为1.8质量%的方式添加35质量%盐酸,加热至50℃,在50℃下熟化2小时。继而,将溶液冷却,进行中和后,将聚乙烯醇缩丁醛树脂进行水洗,使其干燥,由此得到聚乙烯醇缩丁醛。
所得到的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的平均聚合度300、羟基量36摩尔%、乙酰基量1摩尔%、缩醛化度63摩尔%。
(细胞培养用容器的制备)
通过使所得到的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛1g溶解于丁醇19g中,而得到聚乙烯醇缩丁醛溶液。将所得到的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛溶液150μL喷出至φ22mm的盖玻璃上,使用旋转涂布机以2000rpm旋转20秒而得到平滑的树脂膜。将所得到的所述树脂膜连同盖玻璃一并投入φ22mm的聚苯乙烯培养皿中,由此得到细胞培养用容器。
在以下的条件下对具备树脂膜的细胞培养用容器进行试验。
(细胞培养试验的方法)
在所得到的细胞培养用容器中加入磷酸缓冲生理食盐水1mL并在37℃的培养箱内静置1小时。去除培养皿内的磷酸缓冲生理食盐水后,接种1.5×104的h-iPS细胞253G1,在培养基TeSR E8(STEM CELL公司制造)1mL及ROCK-Inhibitor(Y27632)10μM的存在下,在37℃、CO2浓度5%的培养箱内进行培养。每24小时去除培养基750μL,加入250μL的新的TeSRE8,调整为ROCK-Inhibitor(Y27632)10μM,由此进行培养基更换。
(膜的物理性质的评价方法)
(1)储能模量
通过热压机将所得到的树脂膜重叠,由此得到厚度500μm的片材。针对所得到的片材,通过动态粘弹性测定装置(IT计测制御株式会社制造,DVA-200),在拉伸条件下,以频率10Hz,以升温速度5℃/分钟在-150℃至150℃的温度范围内进行测定。根据所得到的拉伸储能模量的图表,求出25℃以及100℃的储能模量,计算25℃储能模量/100℃储能模量。
(2)Tg
根据通过储能模量测定所得到的图,求出损耗正切的峰值温度,设为玻璃化转变温度Tg。
(细胞块培养试验的方法)
在所得到的细胞培养用容器中加入磷酸缓冲生理食盐水1mL并在37℃的培养箱内静置1小时后,去除培养容器内的磷酸缓冲生理食盐水。在35mm培养皿中加入成为融合状态的h-iPS细胞252G1的群落,接着加入1mL的0.5mM乙二胺/磷酸缓冲溶液,在室温下静置2分钟。其后,去除乙二胺/磷酸缓冲溶液,将1.0×105的在1mL的TeSRE8培养基中利用移液破碎为50~200μm的细胞块接种在培养容器中,在培养基TeSR E8(STEM CELL公司制造)1mL及ROCK-Inhibitor(Y27632)10μM的存在下,在37℃、CO2浓度5%的培养箱内进行培养。每24小时去除培养基750μL,加入250μL的新的TeSR E8,由此进行培养基更换。
(培养评价的方法)
(1)掉落评价(抗损伤性评价)
使φ10mm的氧化锆球(YTZ-10)自高度1cm掉落至支架材料时,通过肉眼观察而对有无掉落痕迹进行判定并进行评价。按照以下的基准进行判定。
○:未观察到掉落痕迹
×:观察到掉落痕迹
(2)细胞增殖性
在细胞培养试验中,使用相位差显微镜10×4倍的相位差显微镜(Olympus公司制造,IX73)取得细胞接种起经过5天后的细胞图像。此时,取得表示培养容器内的最平均的粘合形态的视野的图像。通过将所得到的图像与图7的样本1~样本10对照,进行细胞增殖性的评价。在图7中,群落越因细胞增殖而生长,则越设为高评价。需要说明的是,群落若在横向(画面的横竖方向)过度生长,则在纵向(画面的近前侧方向)开始堆积,因此存在光的穿透性变低的倾向。将所得到的实施例和比较例的结果汇总显示于图4A、图4B。
[实施例2]
使用平均聚合度250的聚乙烯醇,将正丁醛的投入量设为22g以及148g,除此以外,以与实施例1相同的方式进行试验。
[实施例3]
使用平均聚合度850的聚乙烯醇,除此以外,以与实施例2相同的方式进行试验。
[实施例4]
使用平均聚合度1700的聚乙烯醇,除此以外,以与实施例2相同的方式进行试验。
[实施例5]
使用平均聚合度2400的聚乙烯醇,且使用乙醛代替正丁醛(n-BA),除此以外,以与实施例2相同的方式进行试验。
[实施例6]
使用平均聚合度850、皂化度98摩尔%、乙烯改性度4摩尔%的聚乙烯醇,除此以外,以与实施例2相同的方式进行试验。
[实施例7]
使用平均聚合度250、皂化度99摩尔%、以2摩尔%含有所述式(3)所示的具有氨基的结构单元的聚乙烯醇,除此以外,以与实施例2相同的方式进行试验。
[实施例8]
使用平均聚合度1600、皂化度99摩尔%、以2摩尔%含有所述式(3)所示的具有氨基的结构单元的聚乙烯醇,除此以外,以与实施例2相同的方式进行试验。
[实施例9]
使甲基丙烯酸甲酯48重量份、甲基丙烯酸丁酯45重量份以及丙烯酸甲氧基甲酯7重量份溶解于四氢呋喃300重量份中而得到丙烯酸单体溶液。使Irgacure 184(BASF公司制造)2重量份溶解于所得到的丙烯酸单体溶液中,涂布于PET膜上。针对涂布物,在25℃使用EYE GRAPHICS公司制造的UV输送带装置“ECS301G1”,以累计光量2000mJ/cm2照射365nm波长的光,由此得到丙烯酸树脂溶液。使所得到的丙烯酸树脂溶液在80℃真空干燥3小时,由此得到丙烯酸树脂。将所得到的丙烯酸树脂调整为3重量%丁醇溶液,以与实施例1相同的方式进行试验。所得到的树脂的重均分子量为约7万。
[比较例1]
不使用支架材料树脂,仅通过聚苯乙烯培养皿,以与实施例1相同的方式进行试验。
[比较例2]
使用N-异丙基丙烯酰胺100重量份作为丙烯酸单体,除此以外,以与实施例9相同的方式进行试验。所得到的树脂的重均分子量为约10万。
[比较例3]
使用甲基丙烯酸甲酯100重量份作为丙烯酸单体,除此以外,以与实施例9相同的方式进行试验。所得到的树脂的重均分子量为约9万。
[比较例4]
使用丙烯酸丁酯100重量份作为丙烯酸单体,除此以外,以与实施例9相同的方式进行试验。所得到的树脂的重均分子量为约12万。
[比较例5]
将两末端Silaplane FM-7711(JNC公司制造)100重量份用于丙烯酸单体,除此以外,以与实施例9相同的方式进行试验。就所得到的树脂的重均分子量而言,无法测定分子量。
将所得到的结果汇总示于表1。需要说明的是,在任一实施例以及比较例中,均未观察到分化了的细胞。
Claims (4)
1.一种干细胞培养用支架材料,其含有合成树脂,其中,
所述干细胞培养用支架材料的100℃储能模量为1.0×104Pa以上且1.0×108Pa以下,
所述干细胞培养用支架材料的25℃储能模量与100℃储能模量之比((25℃下的储能模量)/(100℃下的储能模量))为1.0×101以上且1.0×105以下。
2.根据权利要求1所述的干细胞培养用支架材料,其中,
所述合成树脂为聚乙烯醇缩醛树脂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的干细胞培养用支架材料,其中,
所述干细胞为多能干细胞。
4.一种干细胞培养用容器,其具备权利要求1~3中任一项所述的干细胞培养用支架材料。
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