CN109715245B - 具有可成形末端和旁路切口的导丝装置 - Google Patents

具有可成形末端和旁路切口的导丝装置 Download PDF

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CN109715245B
CN109715245B CN201780057228.6A CN201780057228A CN109715245B CN 109715245 B CN109715245 B CN 109715245B CN 201780057228 A CN201780057228 A CN 201780057228A CN 109715245 B CN109715245 B CN 109715245B
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约翰·A·李波特
爱德华杰·斯奈德
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Vascular Sciences Corp
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Abstract

本公开涉及具有可成形末端和有效扭转能力的导丝装置。导丝装置包括具有近侧区段和逐渐变细的远侧区段的芯。管结构联接到芯，以使得逐渐变细的远侧区段延伸到管结构中。管结构包括在管结构内沿切向形成的多个旁路切口，以增加管结构的柔性，并减小来自管结构的弹性力破坏导丝装置的成形远侧末端的趋势。

Description

具有可成形末端和旁路切口的导丝装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2017年5月26日提交的题为“GUIDEW8IRE DEVICES HAVING SHAPEABLETIPS AND BYPASS CUTS(具有可成形末端和旁路切口的导丝装置)”的美国专利申请序列号15/606,607以及2016年7月18日提交的题为“GUIDEWIRE DEVICES HAVING SHAPEABLE TIPS(具有可成形末端的导丝装置)”的美国临时专利申请序列号62/363,760的优先权和权益。所有上述申请均通过引用整体并入本文。
背景技术
导丝装置通常用于将导管或其他介入装置导引或引导至患者体内的目标解剖位置。通常，导丝进入并通过患者的脉管系统以便到达目标位置，该目标位置例如可以在患者的心脏或神经血管组织处或附近。通常使用放射摄影成像来帮助将导丝导航到目标位置。在许多情况下，在介入手术期间导丝留在身体内的适当位置，其中导丝可用于将多个导管或其他介入装置引导到目标解剖位置。
一些导丝装置被构造成具有弯曲或弯折的末端，以使操作者能够更好地导航(navigate，走行于)患者的脉管系统。利用这种导丝，操作者能将扭矩施加到导丝的近端或所附接的近侧手柄，目的是将末端朝向并指向期望的方向。然后，操作者可以在患者的脉管系统中在期望的方向上进一步导向导丝。
调整导丝装置(特别是导丝装置的远侧区段)的柔性也是一个问题。在许多情况下，相对高水平的柔性是期望的，目的是提供给导丝足够的可弯折性，以使导丝能够成角度地通过脉管系统通道的曲折的弯折和弯曲而到达目标区域。例如，将导丝导向到神经血管系统的部分需要导丝通过弯曲的通道，诸如颈动脉虹吸部和其他曲折路径。
与导丝装置有关的另一个问题是给定导丝装置从近端向远端传递扭矩的能力(即，导丝装置的“扭转能力”)。随着导丝的更多部分进入并穿过脉管系统通道，导丝与脉管系统之间的摩擦表面接触量增加，阻碍导丝容易地移动通过脉管系统通道。具有良好扭转能力的导丝使得近端处的扭矩力能够通过导丝被传递到远端，从而使得导丝能够旋转并克服摩擦力。
一些导丝装置包括位于导丝芯的远端上方的远侧放置的微机械加工的海波管(hypotube)，目的是朝向装置的端部进一步向远侧导向所施加的扭转力。因为主要通过构件的横截面的外部区段传递扭转力，所以管被构造成提供一路径，从而用于传递与未被管套住的导丝芯所传递的扭矩量相比增加的扭矩。通常，所述管由超弹性材料(诸如镍钛诺(nitinol，镍钛合金))形成，以便除了提供良好的柔性水平之外还提供期望的扭矩传递特征。
虽然所述导丝装置提供了许多益处，但仍存在若干局限性。例如，具有扭矩传递管的导丝的许多设计特征，虽然起到提供增加的扭矩传递的作用，但是其不利于且限制了导丝末端的可成形性。
发明内容
本公开涉及具有可成形末端和有效扭转能力的导丝装置。在一个实施例中，导丝装置包括具有近侧区段和逐渐变细(tapered，渐缩，锥形)的远侧区段的芯。管结构联接到芯，使得逐渐变细的远侧区段延伸到管结构中。管结构包括在管结构内沿切向形成的多个旁路切口，以增加管结构的柔性，并减小来自管结构的弹性力破坏导丝装置的成形远侧末端的趋势。旁路切口是切口图案的部分，所述切口图案形成多个轴向延伸的梁，这些梁联接多个周向和横向延伸的环。旁路切口形成单梁切口图案，其在单梁切口图案内的每个相邻环之间形成单个梁。
一些实施例进一步包括线圈，所述线圈设置在管结构内以便定位在芯的远侧区段的外表面与管结构的内表面之间。线圈可以由不透射线的材料(诸如铂)形成。在一些实施例中，芯由不锈钢形成，并且管结构由超弹性材料(诸如镍钛诺)形成。
在一些实施例中，切口图案的至少一部分包括单侧单梁切口图案，其中多个连续梁相对于导丝装置的纵向轴线设置在管结构的单侧上。在一些实施例中，切口图案包括设置在单梁切口图案的近侧的双梁切口图案。双梁切口图案可以包括深度对称的双梁切口图案和深度偏移的双梁切口图案，深度对称的双梁切口图案设置在深度偏移的双梁切口图案的近侧，使得深度偏移的双梁切口图案用作单梁切口图案与深度对称的双梁切口图案之间的过渡。
在一些实施例中，单梁切口图案布置有朝向管结构的远端增加深度的切口和/或布置成使得连续切口之间的间隔朝向管结构的远端减小。
在一些实施例中，芯的远侧区段由可成形材料形成，并且被构造成具有刚度，使得当远侧末端被弯折成成形构造时，芯的远侧区段能够承受由管结构的弹性恢复力引起的变形。
另外的特征和优点将部分地在下面的描述中阐述，并且从描述中部分地显而易见，或者可以通过本文公开的实施例的实践来学习。借助于所附权利要求中特别指出的元件和组合，将明白和获得本文公开的实施例的目的和优点。应理解，前述简要概述和以下详细描述都仅是示例性和解释性的，而不限制本文公开的或如所要求保护的实施方案。
附图说明
参考在附图中示出的特定实施例，将给出以上简要描述的本发明的更具体的描述。应理解，这些附图仅描绘了本发明的典型实施例，并且不限制本发明的范围，将通过使用附图用附加的特征和细节来描述和解释本发明，在附图中：
图1示出了导丝装置的示例性实施例，该导丝装置提供有效的扭转能力并具有可成形末端；
图2是图1的导丝装置的横截面视图；
图3示出了可与图1和图2的导丝装置一起使用的管结构的示例性实施例，该管具有旁路切口图案，该旁路切口图案被构造成提供远侧末端的有效扭转能力和有效可成形性；
图4示出了管结构的替代实施例，该管结构包括具有深度偏移的双梁切口图案的区段；
图5示出了管结构的实施例，该管结构包括具有对称间隔的相对梁的双梁切口图案；
图6示出了管结构的实施例，该管结构包括具有单侧单梁切口图案的区段；以及
图7示出了包括旁路切口图案的管结构的实施例，该旁路切口图案具有示例性角度偏移，从而提供所得到的梁的螺旋图案。
具体实施方式
本公开涉及提供有效解剖学导航性能的导丝装置。将导丝引导和导向至目标解剖位置的能力取决于平衡和最优化扭转能力与维持成形末端的能力之间的权衡。导丝装置可包括可成形末端，以允许操作者通过旋转远侧末端而将该末端指向脉管系统内的期望方向。然而，如果这种导丝装置的扭转能力不足，则操作者将不能将扭转力一直传递到成形的远侧末端以控制成形的远侧末端的定向。随着导丝装置进一步进入脉管系统并且受到增大的摩擦阻力，这种障碍将变得越来越成问题。另外，如果导丝装置不能正确地形成并保持成形末端，则其调整末端定向的能力有限，使得血管内导航更加困难。
本文描述的实施例提供平衡和/或最优化导丝扭转能力与形成和维持成形末端的能力之间的关系的一个或多个特征。所述导丝在导丝部署期间响应操作者操纵，并且通过使成形的远侧末端能够接收传递的扭转力来提供有效的导航性能。
在一些实施例中，可成形末端允许操作者诸如通过在将导丝装置部署在患者脉管系统内之前手动成形末端而定制成形末端。因此，操作者能够根据给定应用的特有的条件和/或偏好来定制远侧末端的成形。导丝装置还被构造成在保持成形末端的同时有效地传递扭矩。本文描述的至少一些实施例包括这样的末端，所述末端能够在整个手术过程中或在多个手术过程中或甚至无限期地保持弯折或弯曲形状，直至受到反作用的再成形力。
图1示出了具有芯102的示例性导丝装置100。管104联接到芯102并从与芯102的附接点向远侧延伸。如图所示，芯102的远侧区段延伸到管104中，并且被管104围绕。在一些实施例中，芯102包括一个或多个逐渐变细的区段，使得芯102能够装配在管104内并延伸到所述管中。例如，芯102的远侧区段可以被研磨，以便逐渐变细为远端处的更小直径。在该示例中，芯102和管104在它们相邻并彼此附接的附接点103处具有基本上相似的外径。
管104以允许扭转力从芯102传递到管104并由此进一步通过管104向远侧传递的方式联接到芯102(如，使用粘合剂、钎焊(soldering)和/或焊接(welding))。医用级粘合剂120可用于在装置远端处将管104联接到芯线102并形成无创伤覆盖物。如下面更详细地解释的，管104被微制造成包括多个切口。切口布置成形成一切口图案，该切口图案可有利地在导丝装置100的远侧末端附近提供有效的可成形性，同时还保持良好的扭转能力。为清楚起见，在图1和图2中未示出切口图案。在图3至图5中示出了可在管104中使用的切口图案的示例。
导丝装置100的近侧区段110向近侧延伸至一长度，该长度为提供足够的导丝长度以递送至目标解剖区域所需的。近侧区段110通常具有约50cm至300cm范围内的长度。近侧区段110可具有约0.014英寸的直径，或约0.008英寸至0.125英寸范围内的直径。芯102的远侧区段112可以逐渐变细至约0.002英寸的直径，或者约0.001英寸至0.050英寸范围内的直径。在一些实施例中，管104的长度在约3cm至100cm的范围内。
在一些实施例中，芯102的远侧区段112逐渐变细为圆形横截面。在其他实施例中，芯102的远侧区段112具有扁平或矩形横截面。远侧区段112还可以具有另一横截面形状，诸如另一多边形形状、卵形形状、不规则形状，或沿着其长度的不同区域的不同横截面形状的组合。
通常，使用者将通过手动弯折、扭曲或以其他方式将导丝装置100的远端(约)1cm至3cm处理成期望形状来成形导丝装置100的远端。在图1中该长度示意性地示出为远侧“末端”106。在一些实施例中，末端106包括由不锈钢、铂和/或其他可成形材料形成的一个或多个可成形部件(在管104内)。在优选实施例中，末端106包括由具有加工硬化特性的材料形成的一个或多个部件，使得末端在成形(即，塑性变形)时在成形区段提供比成形之前更高的弹性模量。
图2示出了图1的导丝装置100的横截面视图。如图所示，芯102包括近侧区段110和远侧区段112，远侧区段的直径小于近侧区段110的直径。线圈114位于芯102的远侧区段112的至少一部分上。线圈114优选地由一种或多种不透射线的材料形成，诸如铂族、金、银、钯、铱、锇、钽、钨、铋、镝、钆等等。另外或替代地，线圈114可以至少部分地由不锈钢或由在被使用者弯折或以其他方式处理之后能有效地保持形状的其他材料形成。在示出的实施例中，线圈114设置在装置的远端处或其附近，并且朝向附接点103向近侧延伸一段距离。在一些实施例中，线圈114的长度基本上与管104的长度一致。在其他实施例中，线圈114较短。例如，线圈114可以从远端延伸1cm、2cm、4cm、6cm、8cm、10cm、12cm、15cm、20cm、25cm、30cm或35cm，或者可以从近端延伸由前述值中的任何两个限定的范围中的一段距离。
在一些实施例中，线圈114形成为一个整体件。在其他实施例中，线圈114包括彼此相邻定位和/或通过相互交织的线圈互锁的多个独立区段。另外或替代地，这些独立区段可以钎焊、粘附或以其他方式紧固至彼此以形成完整的线圈114。
尽管所示实施例示出了线圈114与管104之间的空间，但是应该理解，这是为了便于可视性而示意性地示出的。在一些实施例中，线圈114的尺寸设计成充塞远侧区段112与管104之间的较大比例的空间。例如，线圈114的尺寸可以设计成紧靠芯102的远侧区段112和管104的内表面两者。其他实施例在芯102与管104之间包括用于导丝装置100的区段的至少一部分的空间，管104和芯102在此处共同延伸。
线圈114可以有利地用于填塞芯102与管104之间的空间，以使芯102的远侧区段112的曲率与管104的曲率一致(align with，对准)。例如，当在管104中形成曲率时，紧密填塞的线圈114的区段用作管104与远侧区段112之间的填塞物，以赋予远侧区段112相同的曲率。相反，省却了线圈的导丝装置当在管处弯曲时不会遵循与管相同的弯曲，而是会延伸直到抵靠管的内表面，之后被迫弯曲。
本文描述的实施例有利地允许远侧末端106成形为期望的位姿(position)并且在成形位姿保持足够长的一段时间。与传统的导丝装置相比，所示的实施例能够形成和保持成形构造。对于传统的导丝装置，经常会由于管结构与内部组件(芯和线圈)之间的特性不匹配而出现与可成形性有关的问题。管结构通常由镍钛诺或其他超弹性材料形成。所述管在弯折或成形时将偏向其原始(直线)位姿，并因此将在任何可成形的内部部件上施加恢复力，导致变形和末端的定制形状的损失。
通常，例如，传统的导丝在部署之前将具有成形的末端，但是在导丝的使用期间成形的末端将损失或退化，因为超弹性管朝向其与期望的末端形状相反的原始形状折曲。因此，由管赋予的恢复力不利地作用于(act against)内部部件，从而减少或退化使用者设定的期望形状。相比之下，本文描述的实施例包括的特征使得末端106能够被成形而不受来自管的主导的(overriding)恢复力。如下所述，管104可包括切口图案，该切口图案保持有效的扭转能力，同时还在远侧末端106处提供足够的柔性，以避免破坏末端106的定制形状。
图3至图7示出了可以用在本文描述的一个或多个导丝装置实施例中的管切口图案的示例性实施例。例如，可以根据图3至图7中所示的一种或多种构造来切割图1和图2中所示的实施例的管104。
图3示出了具有一系列切口508的管504，所述切口形成梁530(轴向延伸)和环540(横向和周向延伸)。在所示的实施例中，切口508作为一系列“旁路切口”布置在管上。当用在本文中时，旁路切口是这样的切口：在相对于管的纵向轴线与其直接相对的位置没有相对的切口，因此，在横向和周向延伸的材料的环540之间留有纵向延伸材料的单个梁530。“旁路”切口图案在本文中也可称为“单梁”切口图案。在所示的实施例中，切口布置为交替切口，从一个切口到下一个切口沿着管504的长度偏移大约180度。
使用如所示的旁路(即，单梁)切口的一个或多个区段形成的管可提供许多益处，特别是关于导丝装置的相关可成形末端提供许多益处。例如，具有旁路切口的管的柔性相对地大于没有切口或具有在连续环之间留有多个梁的切口的管的柔性(如，假设梁宽度、环尺寸和切口间距原本是相等的)。有益地，由旁路切口布置提供的增加的柔性阻止或最小化管导致导丝的内部结构的形状变形。例如，设置在管内的芯(例如不锈钢)可以弯折或弯曲(即，塑性变形)，以便为导丝的末端提供期望的形状。
如上所述，在许多情况下，与管的弹性恢复相关的力将被施加在成形芯上并且将倾向于至少相对于成形芯的被布置在管内的部分使成形芯变直。因此，适当地调节管的柔性会降低施加在成形芯上的恢复力，并使成形芯能更好地保持其形状。
在一些实施例中，对于朝向远端移动的每个连续切口或多组切口，连续的旁路切口或多组旁路切口的深度逐渐增加。因此，可利用切口深度轮廓来构造对于给定应用具有期望的柔性和扭转能力特性的管。例如，一种管构造可包括具有相对较低的柔性和相对较高的扭转能力的近侧区段，所述近侧区段随着旁路切口快速地朝向远端逐渐变深而快速地进展为具有相对较高的柔性和相对较低的扭转能力的远侧区段。在一些实施例中，具有相对较深切口的区段仅形成在管的最远侧区段处，在所述最远侧区段处可成形性是预期的或期望的(例如，管的远端1cm至3cm)，以便对管的其余部分保持更高的扭转能力。
旁路切口508可以根据深度、宽度和/或间隔而变化。例如，随着切口508越接近装置的远侧末端，切口可以逐渐变得越深和/或间隔越紧密。更深和/或间隔更紧密的切口提供相对更大的柔性。因此，可以形成梯度，其在导丝的逐渐更远侧的区域增加导丝柔性。如下面更详细描述的，旁路切口508也可以根据施加在每个相邻切口处或施加在相邻切口组处的角度偏移以交替的角度位置来布置。所示实施例示出了从一个切口到下一个切口的180度的角度偏移。一些实施例可包括从一个切口到下一个切口或从一组切口到下一组切口的约5度、15度、30度、45度、60度、75度、80度、或85度的角度偏移。
图4示出了管604的另一实施例，该管具有旁路切口和设置在该旁路切口近侧的一组相对的、深度偏移的双梁切口。在所示的实施例中，一组旁路切口产生梁630。梁630的近侧是布置为相对的切口的一组切口，所述相对的切口产生梁634。虽然在该视图中不可见，但是在每个梁634的对面形成有另外的梁(在该视图中被挡在梁634后面)。因此，深度偏移的双梁切口图案内的每个环640具有将该环连接到其近侧相邻的环的一组两个梁以及将该环连接到远侧相邻的环的一组两个梁。
如图所示，相对的双梁切口在深度上偏移，使得对于每对相对的切口(在管轴线的每一侧上具有一个切口)，其中一个切口的深度大于相对切口的深度。这种深度偏移的双梁切口可以有利地用于从一段旁路切口(诸如图3中所示的)过渡到一段非偏移的相对的双梁切口(诸如图5中所示)。
图5示出了具有双梁切口图案的管204的区段，每对相对的切口中的每个切口具有大约相同的切口深度，使得所得到的梁基本等距地周向间隔开。如图所示，切口导致在每个环240之间形成一对梁234。这里示出的切口从一对相对的切口到下一对相对的切口成角度地偏移约90度，尽管也可以利用其他角度偏移。
具有带有基本周向等距间隔的梁的双梁切口图案的管的区段通常具有相对较高的传递扭矩的能力和相对较低的柔性，而具有旁路切口的管的区段通常具有相对较低的传递扭矩的能力和相对较高的柔性。具有深度偏移的双梁切口构造的管的区段具有的扭矩传递性和柔性，通常介于深度对称的相对的双梁切口的区段的扭矩传递性和柔性与旁路切口的区段的扭矩传递性和柔性之间。相对的切口的深度之间的差异越大，所得到的梁在周向上将越靠近，并且因此偏移双梁切口将越类似于单梁/旁路切口。同样，相对的切口的深度越相似，偏移双梁切口与对称双梁切口越相似。
包括偏移双梁区段的管的实施例有利地提供一过渡区域，该过渡区域可被定位和构造成在远侧旁路切口区与近侧对称双梁区段之间提供期望的过渡特性。例如，过渡区可以是相对渐进的或突然的，这取决于过渡区的长度和/或取决于连续切口中的偏移的变化的快速性。因此，管可被构造成给近侧区段提供更大扭转能力和更小柔性，其向具有更大柔性的更柔韧的远侧区段过渡，以在由操作者使其成形时更好地保持弯折形状。近侧区段、过渡区段和远侧区段的位置和构造是可调的，以最优化有效扭转能力和可成形末端性能的益处。
图6示出了管704的另一实施例，其具有形成多个梁730和环740的单梁切口。如图所示，切口布置成使得梁730沿管704的一侧对齐，而不是以180度或一些其他角度量被交替定位。这样的实施例可以有利地在一个方向上(如，朝向对齐的梁730)提供优先弯折，使得背向管的轴线的相关恢复力进一步最小化。
图7示出了管304的实施例，其具有旁路切口图案和多组切口之间的角度偏移。如图所示，角度偏移使所得到的梁330沿着管区段的长度呈旋转/螺旋圆周图案定位。在一些实施例中，在一组切口中从一个切口到下一个切口施加第一角度偏移，并且从一组切口到下一组切口施加第二角度偏移。例如，如图7所示，一对相邻切口中的每个切口308可以偏移约180度，以便相对于导丝的纵向轴线在彼此的相对侧上留下所形成的梁330，同时每对从相邻对偏移一些其他角度(如，在所示实施例中约为5度)。以这种方式，内部设定的角度偏移可以将梁330定位在导丝轴线的相对侧上，而中间设定(inter-set)的角度偏移可以将连续梁的角度位置调整成足以在一段若干组切口308上最小化导丝的优选弯折方向。
旋转偏移也可以应用于图3至图6中所示的切口图案。在优选实施例中，沿着给定区段长度的每个连续切口或切口组(例如，每两个切口、每三个切口、每四个切口等)可旋转地偏移大约1度、2度、3度、5度或10度，或者在双梁构造中从90度偏移大约1度、2度、3度、5度或10度，或在单梁构造中从180度偏离1度、2度、3度、5度或10度。这些旋转偏移值有利地显示出消除折曲偏差的良好能力。
例如，在双梁切口图案中，其中每对梁在周向上等距间隔，诸如图5所示，从90度离开约1度、2度、3度、5度或10度的旋转偏移使沿着切口区段长度的每两对梁定位成彼此错位几度。例如，第二对梁可以从第一对梁旋转地偏移得略微大于或小于90度，但是第三对梁将仅从第一对梁旋转地偏移几度，并且第四对梁将仅从第二对梁旋转地偏移几度。当沿着导丝装置的切口区段的长度以这种方式布置若干连续对梁时，所得到的结构允许切口图案增强柔性而不会引入或加重任何定向柔性偏差。
图3至图7中所示的管实施例的独立的部件和特征可以组合以形成不同的管构造。例如，一些管可以构造成具有旁路(单梁)切口的区段(如图3、图6和/或图7中所示)以及对称间隔的双梁切口的区段(如图5所示)，可选地还具有一个或多个深度偏移双梁切口(如图4所示)。例如，一些管的实施例可包括具有对称间隔的双梁切口图案的近侧区段，该近侧区段过渡到具有旁路切口布置的远侧区段。
本文所述的实施例可以有利地使得管的更近侧区域能够传递相对更大的扭矩，同时降低管的更远侧区段的扭转能力以允许没有过度牺牲扭转能力的末端成形。于是，导丝装置的特征可以调整到特定需要或应用，以最优化扭转能力与末端可成形性之间的操作关系。
在优选实施例中，芯的可成形远侧区段具有刚度，该刚度能够承受远侧区段成形之后作用在芯的该远侧区段上的来自管的预期弯曲力。在一些实施例中，芯的可成形远侧区段由提供的弹性模量大于用于形成管的材料的弹性模量约1.5至4倍(或约2至3倍)的一种材料或多种材料的组合形成。
本文使用的术语“大约”、“约”和“基本上”表示接近所述量或条件的量或条件，其仍然执行期望的功能或实现期望的结果。例如，术语“大约”、“约”和“基本上”可以指从所述量或条件偏离小于10％，或小于5％，或小于1％，或小于0.1％，或小于0.01％的量或条件。
相对于本文描绘和/或描述的任何实施例所描述的元件可以与相对于本文描绘和/或描述的任何其他实施例所描述的元件组合。例如，相对于图3至图7中任一个的管区段描述的任何元件可以组合并用于形成图1和图2的导丝装置的管104。另外，实施例可以包括具有多个如本文所述的旁路切口、深度偏移双梁切口和/或深度对称的双梁切口的管。在任何前述组合中，芯线的远侧末端可以是圆形的、扁平的或其他形状。
在不脱离本发明的构思或基本特征的情况下，本发明可以以其他形式实施。所描述的实施例在所有方面都应被视为仅是说明性的而非限制性的。因此，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是前面的描述表示。落在权利要求的含义和等同范围内的所有变化都包括在其范围内。

Claims (19)

1.一种导丝装置，其具有可成形远侧末端，并且被构造成在所述远侧末端已经弯曲之后保持所述远侧末端的弯曲形状，所述导丝装置包括：
芯，所述芯具有近侧区段和远侧区段，所述远侧区段具有比所述近侧区段小的直径；以及
管结构，所述管结构联接到所述芯以使得所述芯的远侧区段进入所述管结构，
所述管结构包括切口图案，所述切口图案形成多个轴向延伸的梁，所述梁联接多个周向延伸的环，所述管结构包括：
单梁区段，其中所述芯的远侧区段延伸到所述管结构的单梁区段内，所述单梁区段包括所述单梁区段内的每个相邻环之间的单个梁，所述单梁区段在弯曲时提供抵抗所述芯的弹性恢复力，以及
双梁区段，设置在所述单梁区段的近侧，所述双梁区段包括在所述双梁区段内的每个相邻环之间的两个梁，所述双梁区段在弯曲时提供抵抗所述芯的弹性恢复力，并且
其中，所述单梁区段的扭转能力和扭矩传递性小于所述双梁区段的扭转能力和扭矩传递性，从而使所述远侧末端能够抵抗所述管结构的弹性恢复力保持弯曲形状。
2.根据权利要求1所述的导丝装置，其中，所述芯的远侧区段从所述芯的近侧区段逐渐变细。
3.根据权利要求1所述的导丝装置，还包括线圈，所述线圈设置在所述管结构内，以便定位在所述芯的远侧区段的外表面与所述管结构的内表面之间。
4.根据权利要求3所述的导丝装置，其中，所述线圈的尺寸和形状被构造成填塞所述芯的远侧区段的外表面与所述管的内表面之间的空间，使得当所述管结构或远侧区段弯曲时所述管结构的曲率与所述芯的远侧区段的曲率一致。
5.根据权利要求3所述的导丝装置，其中，所述线圈至少部分地由不透射线的材料形成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的导丝装置，其中，所述芯由不锈钢形成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的导丝装置，其中，所述管结构由超弹性材料形成。
8.根据权利要求7所述的导丝装置，其中，所述管结构由镍钛诺形成。
9.根据权利要求1所述的导丝装置，其中，所述切口图案的至少一部分包括单侧单梁切口图案，其中多个连续梁相对于所述导丝装置的纵向轴线设置在所述管结构的单侧上。
10.根据权利要求1所述的导丝装置，其中，所述双梁切口图案包括深度对称的双梁切口图案和深度偏移的双梁切口图案，其中所述深度对称的双梁切口图案设置在所述深度偏移的双梁切口图案的近侧。
11.根据权利要求1所述的导丝装置，其中，所述单梁切口图案包括旋转偏移，使得连续梁或多组梁沿着所述管结构的一段相对于前一梁或前一组梁周向旋转。
12.根据权利要求11所述的导丝装置，其中，所述旋转偏移沿着所述管结构的一段形成梁的螺旋布置。
13.根据权利要求1所述的导丝装置，其中，所述单梁切口图案布置有朝向所述管结构的远端增加深度的切口。
14.根据权利要求1所述的导丝装置，其中，所述单梁切口图案被布置成使得连续切口之间的间隔朝向所述管结构的远端减小。
15.一种导丝装置，其具有可成形远侧末端，并且被构造成在所述远侧末端已经弯曲之后保持所述远侧末端的弯曲形状，所述导丝装置包括：
芯，所述芯具有近侧区段和远侧区段，所述远侧区段具有比所述近侧区段小的直径；以及
管结构，所述管结构联接到所述芯以使得所述芯的远侧区段进入所述管结构，所述管结构的远侧区段限定所述导丝装置的远侧末端，所述管结构包括横向延伸到所述管结构中的多个旁路切口，所述多个旁路切口形成设置在所述旁路切口之间并通过轴向延伸梁连接的多个周向延伸环，所述管结构包括：
单梁区段，由所述多个旁路切口形成，所述单梁区段包括所述单梁区段内的每个相邻环之间的单个梁，所述单梁区段在弯曲时提供抵抗所述芯的弹性恢复力，以及
双梁区段，设置在所述单梁区段的近侧，所述双梁区段包括在所述双梁区段内的每个相邻环之间的两个梁，所述双梁区段在弯曲时提供抵抗所述芯的弹性恢复力，并且
其中，所述单梁区段的扭转能力和扭矩传递性小于所述双梁区段的扭转能力和扭矩传递性，从而使所述远侧末端能够抵抗所述管结构的弹性恢复力保持弯曲形状。
16.根据权利要求15所述的导丝装置，其中，所述多个旁路切口布置有朝向所述管结构的远端增加深度的切口。
17.根据权利要求15所述的导丝装置，其中，所述多个旁路切口被布置成使得连续切口之间的间隔朝向所述管结构的远端减小。
18.根据权利要求15所述的导丝装置，还包括不透射线的线圈，所述线圈设置在所述管结构内以便定位在所述芯的远侧区段的外表面与所述管结构的内表面之间。
19.一种导丝装置，其具有可成形远侧末端，并且被构造成在所述远侧末端已经弯曲之后保持所述远侧末端的弯曲形状，所述导丝装置包括：
芯，所述芯具有近侧区段和远侧区段，所述芯从所述近侧区段到所述远侧区段逐渐变细，并且所述远侧区段具有比所述近侧区段小的直径；
管结构，所述管结构联接到所述芯以使得所述芯的远侧区段进入所述管结构，所述管结构包括切口图案，所述切口图案形成多个轴向延伸的梁，所述梁联接多个周向延伸的环，所述管结构包括：
单梁区段，包括所述单梁区段内的每个相邻环之间的单个梁，所述单梁区段在弯曲时提供抵抗所述芯的弹性恢复力，所述单梁区段包括最远侧部，所述最远侧部具有比所述单梁区段的较近侧部相对更大深度的切口，其中所述芯的远侧区段延伸到所述管结构的单梁区段内以及
双梁区段，设置在所述单梁区段的近侧，所述双梁区段包括在所述双梁区段内的每个相邻环之间的两个梁，所述双梁区段在弯曲时提供抵抗所述芯的弹性恢复力，其中所述双梁区段包括深度对称的双梁切口图案和深度偏移的双梁切口图案，所述深度对称的双梁切口图案具有深度对称的相对的成对切口，而所述深度偏移的双梁切口图案具有深度偏移的相对的成对切口，使得给定的一对第一切口的深度大于所述给定的一对相对的第二切口的深度；
其中所述单梁区段的扭转能力和扭矩传递性小于所述双梁区段的扭转能力和扭矩传递性，以使所述远侧末端能够保持弯曲形状并且承受由所述管结构的弹性恢复力引起的变形。
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