CN108025719A - 用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备 - Google Patents

用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备 Download PDF

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CN108025719A
CN108025719A CN201680052796.2A CN201680052796A CN108025719A CN 108025719 A CN108025719 A CN 108025719A CN 201680052796 A CN201680052796 A CN 201680052796A CN 108025719 A CN108025719 A CN 108025719A
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vehicle
braking system
equipment
sensor
data
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斯特凡诺·塞拉
达尼埃莱·唐泽利
马尔科·泰拉诺瓦
马蒂亚·索拉里
卢卡·马丁诺托
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Italy Itt LLC
ITT Italia SRL
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
    • B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/88—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means
    • B60T8/885—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means using electrical circuitry
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
    • F16D66/021—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
    • F16D66/021—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means
    • F16D66/028—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means with non-electrical sensors or signal transmission, e.g. magnetic, optical
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/16—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezoelectric devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2270/00—Further aspects of brake control systems not otherwise provided for
    • B60T2270/40—Failsafe aspects of brake control systems
    • B60T2270/406—Test-mode; Self-diagnosis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D2066/001—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D2066/003—Position, angle or speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D2066/005—Force, torque, stress or strain
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D2066/006—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature without direct measurement of the quantity monitored, e.g. wear or temperature calculated form force and duration of braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/28—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for testing brakes
    • G01L5/284—Measuring braking-time or braking distance

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明题为“用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备”。本发明提供了用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，该设备包括支撑元件(1)、摩擦材料块(2)、插置在摩擦材料块(2)和支撑元件(1)之间的传感器装置，该设备包括至少一个中央控制单元(5)，该中央控制单元能够从传感器装置实时地接收与以下各项有关的至少基本数据：经激活的制动系统的压力、该经激活的制动系统的温度、在制动系统被去激活时的制动扭矩和/或残留制动扭矩、以及在对制动系统的激活期间和之后对制动系统的磨损。

Description

用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数 据的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备。
背景技术
如所知的，车辆制动设备通常包括由金属支撑元件支撑的摩擦材料块。
最近，使用插置在摩擦材料块和金属支撑元件之间的一个或多个压电陶瓷传感器，以便在对车辆的使用期间检测专门在摩擦材料块和被结合到车轮的待制动的元件(盘或鼓)之间交换的力。
通过对这些力进行检测，可以科学的方式仅预见制动系统内的可能的故障和缺陷，而不存在例如制动系统与车辆的一个或多个部件和/或其用户和/或与其相关的制造商和/或附属服务之间的任何交互。
从WO2014/170726A1中已知车辆制动系统，该车辆制动系统包括制动元件，具体地包括带有传感器的制动衬块。制动衬块具有集成在高温下操作并能够在经受机械应力时发射电信号的至少一个压电陶瓷传感器的特殊性。如此结构化的制动衬块能够以简单且经济的方式检测在所述衬块和制动盘之间的界面处可能出现的机械应力的存在和程度，而无需外部能量源。此类制动衬块最终允许检查制动的可能性，以便消除现象诸如振动和噪声并且报告异常操作状况。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，该设备能够在使用期间在单向或双向上与内在和外在机械和非机械车辆数据进行交互。
本发明的目的还在于提供用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，该设备能够以极高的精确度保证一定升高量的机械和非机械内在和外在车辆数据，这与其用户有关或无关。
本发明的目的还在于提供用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，该设备能够从所述车辆的机械和管理角度部分或完全地替换用户和/或车辆所有者的动作。
本发明的另外的目的在于提供用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，该设备能够在使用期间简化和改善、或者甚至部分或完全地消除机械和非机械内在和外在车辆问题，同时以极低的成本来提高道路安全水平。
这些和其他目的由用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备来实现，该设备包括支撑元件、由支撑元件支撑的摩擦材料块、以及由支撑元件支撑并且被插置在摩擦材料块和支撑元件之间的传感器装置，其特征在于其包括至少一个中央控制单元，该至少一个中央控制单元能够从所述传感器装置实时地接收与以下各项有关的至少基本数据：经激活的制动系统的压力、该经激活的制动系统的温度、在制动系统被去激活时的制动扭矩和/或残留扭矩、以及在对制动系统的激活期间和之后对制动系统的磨损。
附图说明
另外的特性在从属权利要求中受权利要求保护并且更好地阐明本发明的技术方案，其优点将根据说明书变得更清楚，该说明书遵循纯粹通过示例并且参考附图给出的非限制性实施方案，在附图中：
图1示意性地示出了根据本发明的用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备的框图。
具体实施方式
参考图1，其示出了用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统100生成的数据的设备，该设备包括摩擦材料块2、摩擦材料块2的支撑元件1、以及传感器装置，该传感器装置包括插置在摩擦材料块2和支撑元件1之间的至少一个温度传感器、和/或至少一个压电陶瓷压力传感器3、和/或至少一个压电陶瓷剪切力传感器。
设备有利地包括至少一个中央控制单元5，该至少一个中央控制单元能够从传感器装置实时地接收与当制动系统被用户激活时由制动蹄并且因此由摩擦材料块抵靠车辆的盘或鼓生成的温度和/或压力相关的至少基本数据。
基本数据优选地还包括与由经激活的制动系统达到的压力和温度相关的数据并且还有制动扭矩固有的数据。
此外，当制动系统被去激活时，即当用户不再对制动踏板施加任何压力时，传感器装置检测并传输与残留扭矩有关的数据连同基本数据。
相当重要地，高传感器装置检测并传输关于对制动系统的磨损具体地关于制动系统激活期间和之后的摩擦材料块的数据。
中央控制单元5同时连接到用于发送地理参考数据的GPS 6并连接到用于接收早期辅助数据的加速度计和/或速度传感器7，以便同时确定车辆的精确位置和运动状态。
中央控制单元5还接收与由车辆的车载系统直接获取的车辆的状态有关的所有车载数据，并且在对这些数据进行分析和管理之后，将所述数据传输到实时记录所述数据的至少一个记录单元8。
记录单元8在一侧上连接到用于存储由控制单元管理的所有数据的黑匣子9并在另一侧上连接到远程通信单元10。
黑匣子9可移除地与车辆相关联并且优选地为车辆的车载系统的部件，并且能够保存上述所有数据，所述上述所有数据因此可在任何上下文中(例如，在发生事故的情况下)被使用。
具体地，远程通信单元10优选地为车辆的车载系统的部件并且包括用于通过移动电话的电话网络来传输11数据的至少一个Gsm/Gprs/UMTS/HSDPA无线电模块或M2M模块，以用于在充分尊重关于隐私的规定的情况下进行其实时通信。
此外，突出显示的内容使得欺诈更加困难，这允许例如得到定制的保险费率，从而使得大大节约成本。
通信单元10连接到服务中心14，该服务中心能够将数据至少传送至车辆的用户和/或汽车车队管理公司和/或车辆保险公司和/或统计公司和/或交通管理公司和/或车辆维修公司和/或车辆生产和销售公司。
有利地，每个压电陶瓷传感器包括至少一个保护元件12，以保护其优选地免受高压、高温和作用在其上的力的影响。
保护元件12优选地由具有机械特性的电绝缘材料制成，以便在向摩擦材料块2施加外部压缩力时限制被传输到压电陶瓷传感器3的力。
此外，保护元件12被构造成将所述外部压缩力至少部分地引导到支撑元件的围绕压电陶瓷传感器3的区域上。
优选地，温度传感器也具有类似的保护元件。
支撑元件1具有电绝缘电路13，该电绝缘电路具有连接到压电陶瓷传感器的电极的电触点，以便获取由其发射的电信号。
电路13被优选地丝网印刷在支撑元件1上并具有通过高温焊膏而连接到电极的触点。
优选地，所提供的温度传感器也被安装到被集成在支撑元件1中的电绝缘电路13上，并且电路13也因此具有连接到这些传感器的电极的电触点。
如此构思的设备经受变型，所有这些变型均在本发明构思的范围内并具有许多重要的优点，其中最明显的是能够在发生事故或技术故障的情况下根据具体问题来提供即时的帮助。
在碰撞的情况下，本发明的设备可例如通过验证安全气囊的打开或未打开来了解事件的严重性，并且使用预设号码向紧急呼叫中心转发呼叫，从而向操作者传输关于事故发生地点的精确信息以及可能对呼叫应急服务有用的任何其他相关信息。
压电陶瓷传感器3的特殊布置和操作以及本发明的整个设备的极低成本允许对于对黑匣子的使用而增加用户量并允许在道路上增加道路安全。
如此构思的本发明可与落入本发明构思的范围内的许多修改和变型相关联。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统(100)生成的数据的设备，所述设备包括用于摩擦材料块(2)的支撑元件(1)以及插置在所述摩擦材料块(2)和所述支撑元件(1)之间的传感器装置(3)，所述设备的特征在于其包括至少中央控制单元(5)，所述中央控制单元能够从所述传感器装置(3)实时地接收与以下各项有关的至少基本数据：经激活的制动系统的压力、所述经激活的制动系统的温度、在所述制动系统被去激活时的制动扭矩和/或残留扭矩、以及在对所述制动系统的激活期间和之后对所述制动系统的磨损。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，其特征在于所述传感器装置包括设置在所述摩擦材料块(2)和所述支撑元件(1)之间的至少一个温度传感器。
3.根据前述权利要求所述的用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，其特征在于所述至少一个温度传感器被安装在集成到所述支撑元件(1)中的电绝缘电路(13)上。
4.根据前述权利要求所述的用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，其特征在于所述电绝缘电路(13)被丝网印刷在所述支撑元件(1)上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，其特征在于所述至少中央控制单元(5)连接到GPS(6)并连接到加速度计(7)，以便接收关于所述车辆的位置和运动状态的第一辅助数据，同时分析所述基本数据和所述第一辅助数据与直接从所述车辆的车载系统获取的关于所述车辆的所述状态的所有车载数据。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，所述设备的特征在于其包括至少记录单元(8)，所述记录单元连接到所述中央控制单元(5)以用于同时实时记录由所述中央控制单元(5)分析的所述基本数据、所述第一辅助数据、所述车载数据，所述记录单元(8)在一侧上连接到用于存储所有所述数据的黑匣子(9)并且在另一侧上连接到远程通信单元(10)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，其特征在于所述远程通信单元(10)包括用于经由移动电话的电话网络来传输所述数据的至少传输模块(11)。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，其特征在于所述黑匣子(9)或所述远程通信单元(10)为所述车辆的所述车载系统的部件。
9.根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，其特征在于所述通信单元(10)连接到服务中心(14)，所述服务中心能够将所述数据至少传送至所述车辆的用户和/或汽车车队管理公司和/或车辆保险公司和/或统计公司和/或交通管理公司和/或车辆维修公司和/或车辆生产和销售公司。
10.根据权利要求1所述的用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，其特征在于所述传感器装置包括至少一个压电陶瓷传感器(3)并且在于其包括封闭所述至少一个压电陶瓷传感器(3)的至少一个保护元件(12)，以便保护其优选地免受高压、温度和作用在其上的力的影响，所述保护元件(12)优选地由具有机械特性的电绝缘材料制成，以便在所述摩擦材料块(2)上施加外部压缩力时限制被传输到所述压电陶瓷传感器的力。
11.根据权利要求10所述的用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备，其特征在于所述保护元件(12)被构造成将所述外部压缩力至少部分地引导到所述支撑元件(1)的围绕所述至少一个压电陶瓷传感器(3)的区域上。
12.一种车辆，其特征在于其至少结合根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的分析设备。
CN201680052796.2A 2015-09-17 2016-09-15 用于分析和管理由车辆的配备有传感器的制动系统生成的数据的设备 Pending CN108025719A (zh)

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