CN103340074B - Method for rejuvenating old trees - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for rejuvenating old trees. The method includes the steps of improving soil fertility, improving soil permeability, revering the original ecological environment of the old trees, repairing scars or tree holes, supplementing nutrition for the old trees, protecting the old trees by building rails, clipping shrunk crowns and conducting disease and pest control. According to the method for rejuvenating the old trees, optimizing processing is conducted on each step of rejuvenating the old trees, and old tree rejuvenation is made to be guaranteed through corresponding methods and measures. When the old trees are rejuvenated through the provided method, the effect is obvious, the facility is simple, the rejuvenation success rate is high, the method is very effective particularly for the old trees and famous wood species, wherein the old trees and the famous wood species are serious in tree vigor weakening condition and basically lose vigor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to protection and the rejuvenation of ancient tree, a kind of method of rejuvenation of ancient tree is especially provided.
Background technology
Ancient tree is the trees of the upper century-old even more than one thousand years growth of growth, once death cannot be reproduced.Ancient tree is the treasure that history leaves us for; it is the historical relic of non-renewable, irreplaceable work; an ancient tree is protected to protect a nature and society developing history exactly; be exactly preserve the ancient history relic of a preciousness; it is exactly a protection elite germplasm gene pool; also be a kind of humane and natural landscape of protection, protection ancient tree is exactly the environment that the protection mankind depend on for existence, and protection ancestors leave the treasure of descendants for.
Affect the reason of ancient tree decline and death:
1, natural aging is the main cause of ancient tree decline and death.Along with Shu Age increases, many ancient tree naturally-ageds, vitality constantly weakens, ancient tree physiological function declines gradually, and photosynthesis is weak, and the ability of root absorption moisture and mineral nutrition worse and worse, the needs of trees its own existence can not be met, make its physiological metabolism slowly disequilibrium, thus cause part branches and leaves to be withered gradually, tree vigo(u)r decline and death.
2, ancient tree severe water and soil erosion vegetatively, soil becomes barren, and standing area diminishes, and nutrient is not enough and weak gradually.Ancient tree long term growth is in same place, and soil fertility can decline, and adds that ancient tree root system is aging, and absorption function fails, endotrophic famine, affects plant normal growth and grows.
3, soil and environmental pollution, destroy soil physico-chemical property.
4, natural hazard, as thunderbolt hail is beaten, the windbreak that drenches with rain causes ancient tree dead.
5, human damage, delineate on ancient tree artificially, be wound around rope, bark is damaged in folding branch of climbing the tree, stripping, utilize trunk to do supporter, dig pit in tree crown fetch earth, topple over sewage dirt, stack the material of harm arboreal growth, to transplant without authorization etc. ancient tree all can be caused to set bulk damage, grow weak even dead.
6, sick worm is caused harm, then accelerate ancient tree undergrowth, decline and death.
Ancient tree is biological, not easily moves and moves, more as the reproducible imitation of other historical relics, thus can not be worth more Gao Gengying and treasure.Protect ancient and well-known trees, make it promote longevity and should cause the attention of various circles of society.Rejuvenation of ancient tree uses scientific and reasonable management technique, and weak ancient tree is originally restore normal growth, continues the measure of its life again.
Summary of the invention
In order to make the aging of ancient and well-known trees, even dead the delay arrives, and the invention provides a kind of method of rejuvenation of ancient tree.For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A method for rejuvenation of ancient tree, is characterized in that comprising following content: improve soil fertility, improve soil permeability, recover the original ecotope of ancient tree, repair scar or treehole, supplement ancient tree nutrition.
Further, described improvement soil fertility comprises following content: loosen the soil to ancient tree, earth up, and combines the organic manure being rich in humus or leaf mould that apply to become thoroughly decomposed.
Further, the described soil permeability that provides comprises following content: drainage trenching, lays breather pipe and builds by laying filter well.
Further, the described original ecotope of recovery ancient tree comprises following content: remove other magaphanerophytes competed with ancient tree, plant the useful ground cover plant of ancient tree or stunted brushwood.
Further, described repairing scar or treehole comprise following content: the decayed portion wiping ancient tree scar off, smear wound healing agent for plants; Remove in ancient tree hole the dirt that rots, to ancient tree hole with after bactericide sterilization, with after the mixing of cement river sand, treehole is filled up.
Further, described supplementary ancient tree nutrition comprises following content: by least one mode of filling with in the sprinkling of root, trunk injection and tree body, ancient tree is absorbed plant nutrition liquid.
Further, described plant nutrition liquid be plant macroelement, micro elements by plants, physiological activator, exogenous hormone and water by (0.8 ~ 1.2): (0.9 ~ 1.3): (0.9 ~ 1.2): (0.7 ~ 1): the weight ratio of 1000 mixes.
Further, described filling root comprises following content: the annular ditch digging wide 20-30 ㎝, dark 15-20 ㎝ by 6-8 times of place of trunk leading thread, applies plant nutrition liquid along ditch, covers table soil, carries out filling root once every 15-20 days, fill with root 2-3 time altogether; Described trunk injection comprises following content: use the drill bit of 6-8 ㎜ and trunk to be 45 ° of angles, in ㎝ place, ground 10 punching of butt distance, is inputted by plant nutrition liquid in trunk body; Described tree body sprays and comprises following content: spray plant nutrition liquid with high-pressure sprayer to trunk, branches and leaves, be as the criterion, carried out spraying once every 5-7 days until squirt, spray 4-8 time altogether.
Further, described exogenous hormone comprises at least one in these four kinds of materials of compound sodium nitrophenolate, fulvic acid, indolebutyric acid and gibberellin.
Further, described rejuvenation of ancient tree also comprises fence protection: around the ancient tree that people's current density is larger, arrange fence protection, and the ancient tree of tree body shakiness carries out bracing reinforcement; Described rejuvenation of ancient tree also comprises prunes contracting hat: cut off withered rotten branch, carries out the process of lopping contracting hat, keep lopping face level and smooth, be coated with preservative in lopping place seriously weak ancient tree; Described rejuvenation of ancient tree also comprises the extermination of disease and insect pest: spray there being the ancient tree of damage by disease and insect, watering insecticide.
Beneficial effect of the present invention have following some:
1, the tree vigo(u)r of ancient tree is weak mainly bad by soil nutrient, and soil compaction permeability difference causes.Be provided within the scope of ancient tree root system in the present invention, carry out loosening the soil, earthing up, soil compaction can be solved, the weak problem of ancient tree tree vigo(u)r that permeability difference band comes; Proposing in the present invention loosens the soil and earth up combines the organic manure being rich in humus or leaf mould that apply to become thoroughly decomposed, can solve the problem that soil nutrient is bad, the ancient tree tree vigo(u)r of permeability difference band is weak.
2, grow at hypsography low-lying, the ancient tree that underground ponding is many, it is weak that Soil ventilation conditions worsen is directed at growth.Adopt drainage trenching, lay the method for breather pipe and block filter well, ponding is discharged by pipeline, filter well, to increase soil permeability, solve and be directed at the weak problem of growth because of Soil ventilation conditions worsen.
3, ancient tree has lived hundreds and thousands of year in a certain place, has adapted to the ecotopes such as local weather, soil already.In the present invention, other magaphanerophytes removing and compete with ancient tree is provided in rejuvenation of ancient tree method, plant the useful ground cover plant of ancient tree and stunted brushwood, this is conducive to recovering the weathers such as the original temperature of ancient tree, humidity, illumination, soil, recover the original ecotope of ancient tree, impel ancient tree healthy growth.
4, owing to artificial delineating on ancient tree, be wound around rope, bark is damaged in folding branch of climbing the tree, stripping, utilize trunk do supporter etc. ancient tree all can be caused to set bulk damage, grow weak even dead, the invention provides the decayed portion wiping ancient tree scar off, smear the method for wound healing agent for plants, prevent the wound of ancient tree from rotting, the healing of accelerated in wounds, makes ancient tree get well; The cavity of the normal rotten formation with age of trunk of ancient tree, the brick that adopts blocked up hole more in the past, outside adds steel gray envelope and smears, and because these materials can not make treehole seal, rainwater infiltrates instead can aggravate the rotten of trunk, recent years abroad adopts polyurethane to make filler, although plugging effect is better, expensive, the invention provides and with after the mixing of cement river sand, treehole is filled up, this method not only can make treehole seal, and low price.And before treehole is filled up, carry out rotting in removal ancient tree hole dirt, to the operation of ancient tree hole bactericide sterilization, to the effect that the rotten work of ancient tree prevents further.
5, ancient tree is through perennation, can lack some nutritive element, moisture etc. in body, affects trees and grows normally.Propose in the present invention, ancient tree is absorbed the mode that plant nutrition liquid is sprayed by filling root, trunk injection, tree body.Traditional irrigation root method, people usually directly in stem base, such easy to cause surface runoff nutrient solution waste generated, the present invention to provide a method of filling root is dig annular groove, supplement again, again after filling and earthed, such both neither can cause waste of nutrient loss, and favorable root absorption; Traditional way of infusion bag, bag price is quite expensive, needles are easy to be blocked secretions of trees and trees to absorb nutrient solution, after infusion bag easy to cause environmental pollution, the present invention to provide a trunk injection method, the liquid injection directly to the trees in the body, make trees uptake of nutrient solution quickly, time is short, compared to the infusion bag way, the present invention provides trunk injection method has low cost, easy operation, safety, no pollution and other advantages, Traditional methods, in order to enable the plant nutrient solution pores on the skin pore, corneous layer, leaf absorption, often with the method of plant nutrient solution daub, but this method for up to ten meters trunk trees is difficult to achieve, and time-consuming, the present invention to provide a way of tree body spray, can be as high as more than 10 meters of trees with trunk tree body spray atomizer, save time and effort, good for trees to plant nutrient absorption.
6, the plant nutrition liquid provided in the present invention comprises plant indispensable element, physiological activator and exogenous hormone, and it is weak to improve ancient tree targetedly, promotes rejuvenation of ancient tree.
7, in rejuvenation of ancient tree method provided by the invention, containing compound sodium nitrophenolate in plant nutrition liquid, this can promote plant rooting and grow, early flowering, breaking dormancy, promotion sprout, prevent fruit drop, prevent early ageing, strengthen disease-resistant resistance; Containing fulvic acid in plant nutrition liquid, root, cauline leaf can promote cell division after absorbing, and improve cytoactive power, accelerate metabolism, and improve chlorophyll content, have prophylaxis effect, existing functions of hormones has again the effect of extra-nutrition; Containing indolebutyric acid in plant nutrition liquid, can promote that adventive root produces, compared with methyl α-naphthyl acetate, indolebutyric acid is safer, not easily injures branch, not easily by light decomposition, more stable; Containing gibberellin in plant nutrition liquid, can promote that cell division, elongation, leaf expansion, stem prolongation, collateral generation, breaking dormancy, promotion are sprouted, delayed senility.
8, the rejuvenation of ancient tree method provided in the present invention, is optimized process to the links of rejuvenation of ancient tree, makes rejuvenation of ancient tree have corresponding methods and measures and ensures.Utilize said method to carry out rejuvenation to ancient tree, successful, facility are simple, and rejuvenation success rate is high, particularly very effective to the rejuvenation of the ancient and well-known trees that weak situation loses vigor seriously, substantially.
Embodiment
Embodiment provided by the present invention is in order to the present invention is described, but is not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
embodiment 1
Ancient tree title: longan, tree Age more than 130 year, ancient tree Proterozoic is on old house Yuan Ba limit.Ancient tree debilitating symptoms, the most branch in top dries up, and leaf abscission, only has a small amount of Lao Ye to exist, and bottom root system has 1/3rd unsettledly not have earth to cover, and partly old root also dries up rotten Masonry.Have before treatment and do not germinate new leaves for 2 years, have and do not yield positive results for more than 6 years.
Protection and rejuvenation embodiment:
1, fence protection, beats timber at distance 1.5 meters, trunk, weaves into fence, prevent people and animals from entering residual stepping on bamboo chip;
2, remove withered rotten old root, with 500 times of liquid carbendazim sterilizations, insert vegetable garden soil and cover unsettled exposed part root system, in fence, plantation bermudagrass herb, keeps ground moistening;
3, increase fertility, improve soil permeability, in conjunction with loosening the soil, ridging applies well-rotted farmyard manure;
4, prune contracting hat, cut off withered rotten branch, amputate the part sprig that affect tree vigo(u)r and indivedual seriously sagging thick branch bough with handsaw, saw kerf keeps smooth, brokenly not split, do not tear skin, at saw kerf place painting preservative, preventing bacteria infection and pest attacks;
5, diseases and pests controlling, with safety, high-efficiency low-toxicity sterilization, pesticide pouring tree root and mist spray tree surface;
6, supplement the required nutrition of plant, by plant macroelement, trace element, physiology active material and exogenous hormone, be mixed with plant nutrition liquid in proportion, by filling root, transfusion, spray pattern, ancient tree is absorbed, strengthen ancient tree metabolism, recover tree vigo(u)r;
Fill with root: the annular ditch digging wide 20-30 ㎝, dark 15-20 ㎝ by 6-8 times of place of trunk leading thread, pours into plant nutrition liquid along ditch, consumption 150 ㎏, and cover table soil, 20 days once, continuous 2-3 time;
Transfusion: use the drill bit of 6-8 ㎜ and trunk to be 45 ° of angles, in 10 centimeters, the ground punching of butt distance, inputs in trunk body by plant nutrition liquid;
Spray tree body: spray plant nutrition liquid with high-pressure sprayer to trunk, branches and leaves, be as the criterion until squirt, carried out once every 5-7 days, carry out January continuously.
The effect produced after implementing: take above measure the first tenday period of a month in May then, just sprout from whole tree body limb surface mid-June and grown many new branches and leaves, this Gui Yuanshu of Second Year is bloomed.
embodiment 2
Protection and rejuvenation ancient tree are ginkgoes; tree Age more than 180 year, and ancient tree growth is located in visit scenic spot ancient temple institute dam, and pilgrim visitor is more; people like taking pictures under tree and embracing large tree; the lower soil compaction of tree, the bark of less than 1.5 meters often has artificial damage, and shoot young leaves is sprouted and reduced year by year; tree vigo(u)r is weak year by year; May, trunk was struck by lightning then for protection and rejuvenation, and longitudinal direction is warded off and hindered trunk and reach 5-6 rice from top to bottom, and fractureed a branch simultaneously.
Protection and rejuvenation embodiment:
1, fence protection, makes fence on 2.5 meters, distance ginkgo trunk with timber, not only attractive in appearance but also can prevent visitor from entering residual stepping on;
2, improve soil permeability, in conjunction with loosening the soil, ridging applies the organic manure being rich in humus become thoroughly decomposed, and to increase soil fertility, improves soil tangerine structure and transparent performance;
3, recover the original ecotope of ginkgo, turf plant and ornamental stunted brushwood camellia in fence, keep ground moistening, breathe freely, increase ecosystem diversity around ginkgo;
4, repair injured trunk, amputate by the branch fractureed that is struck by lightning with handsaw, be coated with preservative at saw kerf place, prevent moisture evaporation, preventing bacteria infection and pest attacks.The trunk of wound is warded off by thunder, with yellow soil: carbendazim: the basic element of cell division: gibberellin adds water by weight 100:2:0.5:0.2 and is mixed into walk, fill up all wounds warded off brokenly, with film, trunk is wrapped up consolidation, wrap in outside anti glare anti static coatings and burn with sunshade net again, and support trunk with wooden stick;
5, diseases and pests controlling: with safety, high-efficiency low-toxicity sterilization, pesticide pouring tree root;
6, supplement the required nutrition of plant: by plant macroelement, trace element, physiology active material and exogenous hormone, be mixed with plant nutrition liquid in proportion, by filling with root, transfusion, spray pattern make ancient tree absorb, enhancing ancient tree metabolism, recovery tree vigo(u)r;
Fill with root: the annular ditch digging wide 20-30 ㎝, dark 15-20 ㎝ by 6-8 times of place of trunk leading thread, applies plant nutrition liquid along ditch, consumption 200 ㎏, cover table soil, January once, continuous 2-3 time;
Transfusion: use the drill bit of 6-8 ㎜ and trunk to be 45 ° of angles, in 10 centimeters, the ground punching of butt distance, inputs in trunk body by plant nutrition liquid;
Spray tree body: with high-pressure sprayer to trunk top, branches and leaves spray plant nutrition liquid, be as the criterion until squirt, carried out once every 5-7 days, the continuous 1-2 month.
The effect produced after implementing: May, this tree taked above measure to carry out rescue maintenance after being struck by lightning at once then, by the wound healing that thunderbolt is broken after 1 year, tree vigo(u)r does not only continue decline, and growing way is than original also luxuriant.
embodiment 3
The yellow Ge Shu of ancient tree title, tree Age more than 160 year, ancient tree Proterozoic reserves rand for one's own use before room, is in low-lying place.Ancient tree debilitating symptoms: the most branch in top dries up, and leaf abscission, only has a small amount of Lao Ye to exist, and usage tree root has the oval treehole being about 50 ㎝, wide about 30 ㎝.Treatment, then except the Lao Ye do not fallen, does not have sprouting and young leaves to sprout.
Protection and rejuvenation technique scheme:
1, fence is protected: beating timber at distance 1.5 meters, trunk, weave into fence with bamboo chip, vegetable garden soil and fertilizer mix by 5:1, insert fence, and plantation ground cover plant in fence, keeps ground moistening, breathes freely;
2, recover original ecotope: the natural vegetation recovering ancient tree periphery, mainly stunted brushwood and ground cover plant, increase ancient tree ecosystem diversity, remove other magaphanerophytes competed with ancient tree;
3, keep soil permeability: dig rejuvenation ditch, lay breather pipe or build by laying filter well, improving soil tangerine structure and transparent performance, carry out draining and pour water;
4, soil fertility is provided: combine ridging of loosening the soil and apply the organic manure being rich in humus become thoroughly decomposed, to increase soil fertility;
5, repair treehole: remove in ancient tree hole the dirt that rots, to ancient tree hole with after bactericide sterilization, with after the mixing of cement river sand, treehole is filled up;
6, ancient tree nutrition is supplemented: necessary for plant growth macroelement, trace element, adjustment are affected growth and development of plants vitamin, organic matter, growth regulator, be mixed with plant nutrition liquid in proportion, spray by filling root, trunk injection, tree body ancient tree is absorbed, strengthen ancient tree metabolism, recover tree vigo(u)r.
The effect produced after implementing: take above measure the first tenday period of a month in May then, just sprouts from whole tree body limb surface and grown many new branches and leaves mid-June.
Claims (1)
1. a method for rejuvenation of ancient tree, comprises and improves soil fertility, raising soil permeability, the original ecotope of recovery ancient tree, repairing scar or treehole and supplementary ancient tree nutrition, it is characterized in that:
Described improvement soil fertility comprises following content: loosen the soil to ancient tree, earth up, and combines the organic manure being rich in humus or leaf mould that apply to become thoroughly decomposed;
Described raising soil permeability comprises following content: drainage trenching, lays breather pipe and builds by laying filter well;
The described original ecotope of recovery ancient tree comprises following content: remove other magaphanerophytes competed with ancient tree, plant the stunted brushwood useful to ancient tree;
Described repairing scar or treehole comprise following content: the decayed portion wiping ancient tree scar off, smear wound healing agent for plants; Remove in ancient tree hole the dirt that rots, to ancient tree hole with after bactericide sterilization, with after cement and river sand mixing, treehole is filled up;
Described supplementary ancient tree nutrition comprises following content: by least one mode of filling with in the sprinkling of root, trunk injection and tree body, ancient tree is absorbed plant nutrition liquid;
Described filling root comprises following content: the annular ditch digging wide 20-30 ㎝, dark 15-20 ㎝ by 6-8 times of place of trunk leading thread, applies plant nutrition liquid along ditch, covers table soil, carries out filling root once every 15-20 days, fill with root 2-3 time altogether; Described trunk injection comprises following content: use the drill bit of 6-8 ㎜ and trunk to be 45 ° of angles, in ㎝ place, ground 10 punching of butt distance, is inputted by plant nutrition liquid in trunk body; Described tree body sprays and comprises following content: spray plant nutrition liquid with high-pressure sprayer to trunk, branches and leaves, be as the criterion, carried out spraying once every 5-7 days until squirt, spray 4-8 time altogether;
Described rejuvenation of ancient tree also comprises fence protection: around the ancient tree that people's current density is large, arrange fence protection, and the ancient tree of tree body shakiness carries out bracing reinforcement; Described rejuvenation of ancient tree also comprises prunes contracting hat: cut off withered rotten branch, carries out the process of lopping contracting hat, keep lopping face level and smooth, be coated with preservative in lopping place seriously weak ancient tree; Described rejuvenation of ancient tree also comprises the extermination of disease and insect pest: spray there being the ancient tree of damage by disease and insect, watering insecticide.
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