CN105794582B - A kind of method for transplanting improving wild ancient tea tree survival rate - Google Patents
A kind of method for transplanting improving wild ancient tea tree survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN105794582B CN105794582B CN201610332399.2A CN201610332399A CN105794582B CN 105794582 B CN105794582 B CN 105794582B CN 201610332399 A CN201610332399 A CN 201610332399A CN 105794582 B CN105794582 B CN 105794582B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for transplanting for improving wild ancient tea tree survival rate, comprising the following steps: (1) cutting lateral root；(2) selection of transplanting site；(3) selection of transplanting time；(4) ancient tea tree is started shipment, wind tea tree trunk and other limbs with the rope made of hemp before transplanting and removes middle and upper part branch and whole blades；(5) plantation hole is dug；(6) it is implanted into；(7) after the completion of transplanting, nutrient solution is inputted to ancient tea tree；(8) start to apply farmyard manure after growing new root to ancient tea tree after transplanting, every plant is applied farmyard manure 4-5kg, is diluted with water to 50kg, then pour and be applied near tea tree rootstock, and routinely management carries out for remaining management.During transplanting, taking root liquid, nutrient solution, sterilization method, transplanting and management method provided by the invention etc. directly affect the transplanting survival rate of ancient tea tree, and each step in transplanting and management process is all linked with one another, can just improve the transplanting survival rate of ancient tea tree, its survival rate is made to be up to 85%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tea tree transplantation technique fields, and in particular to a kind of transplanting side for improving wild ancient tea tree survival rate
Method.
Background technique
Ancient tea tree (Camellia sinensis) refer to old tea tree that is century-old and being in wild state in the age of tree, it is main to be distributed
In the forest of Southwestern China area, there are also the Around the houses for being distributed in some mountain village peasant households, and such as in Sichuan, one kind being named Chongqing
Loquat Gu tea tree, which just has, more is distributed in village.Ancient tea tree is non-renewable Tea Germplasm.These ancient tea trees
There is important scientific research value to the origin evolution of research tea tree, propagation and tea tree genome, while there are also important application values, it can
As breeding material, for the breeding of new varieties, therefore its protection need to be reinforced.But now due to nature and human factor, especially
Be opened up wasteland, the reasons such as economic construction and new countryside construction, some wild ancient tea trees are damaged and are cut down, so that wild ancient
The quantity of tea tree sharply declines, so that people have to transplant some wild ancient tea trees, to save these precious tea germplasms
Resource material.
Currently, to the age of tree 100 years hereinafter, and being artificial cultivation into the transplantation technique of age tea tree or old tea tree existing one
A little researchs, and develop the method for improving its survival rate.But the research of transplantation technique and method to wild ancient tea tree is without report,
Meanwhile there are the case and lesson of many transplanting failures in production.In consideration of it, for protection wild ancient tea tree, in principle without open country
The transplanting of raw Gu tea tree, but in production, it is some due to cause specifics such as economic construction, new countryside construction is such as carried out, village is built
House, the local mineral resources of exploitation etc., sometimes have to the resettlement and transplanting that carry out wild ancient tea tree.To solve this technical problem,
Many research staff have laid stress on the transplantation technique of research wild ancient tea tree.But wild ancient tea tree is different from ginkgo, osmanthus
Spend equal ornamental plants and cultivation type at age tea tree, transplanting itself is difficult, furthermore since wild ancient tea tree grows naturally for a long time
In field, it is in wild state, rather than artificial growth management, bad adaptability itself, in addition people recognize the characteristics of ancient tea tree
Deficiency, the technical measures taken during transplanting are improper, eventually lead to wild ancient tea tree transplanting survival rate it is extremely low, be lower than 10%,
It is even all dead during some transplantings, the loss for protecting your Tea Germplasm is caused, therefore improve it and transplant survival rate,
Preferably saving wild ancient tea tree is a current vital task.
Production practices and scientific research find that wild ancient tea tree adaptability spy is weak, is not easy long new root, the management difficulty after transplanting
It is very big, such as in advance to fertilize or night soil, it will lead to its death.In short, using general ornamental plant implantation technique or people
The method for transplanting of adult tea tree of work cultivation transplants and manages, and transplanting survival rate is less than 10%, therefore transplanting wild Gu tea tree
Technical difficulty is very big.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for transplanting for improving wild ancient tea tree survival rate, can effectively solve wild ancient
Tea tree transplants the low problem of survival rate.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of method for transplanting improving wild ancient tea tree survival rate, comprising the following steps:
(1) cutting lateral root:, will be to when daily mean temperature is 15 ~ 20 DEG C in the month in spring 3-4 or mid-September in autumn-October
The ancient tea tree of transplanting carries out cutting lateral root: being to use iron at 1.5-2.5m, depth 1-1.5m away from center radius centered on pith
Spade shovels its soil, cuts off taproot and lateral root with handsaw, is then irrigated to be completely cured with taking root liquid and locate root system and neighbouring soil；
(2) selection of transplanting site: height above sea level 700-1000m, and annual rainfall is not less than 1000mm, dark and damp, soil pH value is
4.0-6.5, calcium content are no more than 0.2%；
(3) transplanting time: 9-10 month autumn in the same year that spring is completely cured transplants, and the next spring 3-4 month that autumn is completely cured moves
It plants；It is advisable for 15 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C of daily mean temperature when transplanting, to guarantee survival rate；
(4) it starts shipment giant tea tree: before starting shipment giant tea tree, uprooting again after winding ancient tea tree trunk and other limbs with the rope made of hemp, it is main
Dry coiling length is that mud ball that is complete and can wrapping up root system, if imperfect, tea are carried when uprooting from rhizome to from trunk 4-5m
Can be dead after tree transplanting, mud ball is dug out the branch hand of its middle and upper part tree crown after ancient tea tree with a thickness of 1-1.5m, wide 1.5-2m
Saw saw removes, and retains trunk and big side shoot that height is 6-8m, then again all removes the blade on trunk and big side shoot；With flat
Wooden handcart is transported to transplanting, in transportational process, is handled with care, and centainly mud ball cannot be allowed loose；
(5) plantation hole: tree well wide 1.5-2m, deep 1.2-1.8m are dug, tree well underfill has that 8-12cm is thick, pH value 4.5-
6.5 sandy soil carries out disinfection to plantation hole soil with thimerosal for 2 days before implantation；
(6) it transplants giant tea tree: the ancient tea tree with complete mud ball is placed in plantation hole, first fill 20-25cm thickness, pH
Value is 4.5-6.5 with more coarse grained sand soil, while spraying the life in thimerosal and step (1) in step (5)
Root liquid, for 1:1 mixed liquor, after compressing compacting sand soil, then takes mound to build high 0.8-1m, width 2- from the ground on the spot with volume ratio
The mound of 2.5m, then with the taking root liquid in the thimerosal and step (1) in step (5) with volume ratio be 1:1 mix, mound is used
Sprayer squirts, and mulch is finally covered on mound, opens the mulch of trunk immediate vicinity month next year 5-6, retains other
The mulch of position；
(7) after the completion of transplanting, nutrient solution, defeated nutrient solution method: respectively in the trunk of liftoff 40-50cm are inputted to ancient tea tree
Place, liftoff about 3m trunk at and the side shoot of liftoff about 6m at each defeated one bag of nutrient solution, second year 4-5 month be supplemented once seeking
Nutrient solution；Winter, in ancient tea tree tree crown upper cover plastic cloth or sunshade net to play the role of keeping the temperature snow defence jelly and frost；
(8) after transplanting, farmyard manure is applied to ancient tea tree；Wherein, the ancient tea tree of spring transplanting, until the next spring 3-4 month opens
Beginning applies farmyard manure；The ancient tea tree of autumn transplanting, transplanting is for the year and second does not apply fertilizer every year, and month spring 3-4 in third year starts to apply agriculture
Family's fertilizer；Fertilizing method are as follows: every plant is applied farmyard manure 4-5kg, is diluted with water to about 50kg, then is poured and be applied near tea tree rootstock；Remaining
Routinely management carries out for management.
The concentration of taking root liquid described in step (1) is 100-200ppm, is comprised the following components in parts by weight in taking root liquid:
3-8 parts of ABT root-inducing powder, 10-15 parts of indolebutyric acid, 10-15 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, vitamin B2 1-2 parts, 2-5 parts of glucose, sub- poplar
8-12 parts of skin, 8-12 parts of violet cauline leaf and 8-12 parts of notoginseng haulm.
The taking root liquid is prepared by following methods:
A, son is weighed respectively by formula and raise bark, violet cauline leaf and notoginseng haulm, dried, mix, be crushed to 50-100
Mesh is completely dissolved with sterile water；
B, vitamin B is weighed respectively by formula2, glucose, then dissolved with sterile water；
C, ABT root-inducing powder, indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate are completely dissolved with the alcohol that volume fraction is 75%；
D, acquired solution in step a, step b and step c is mixed, then with sodium citrate buffer solution adjust pH value to
6.5, finally plus sterile water adjusts its concentration as 100-200ppm.
Thimerosal described in step (5) is the thiophanate methyl that active constituent content is 50%, and dosage form is wettable powder,
700-1000 times is diluted, after the Biphenthrin missible oil for being 2.5% with active constituent content dilutes 4000-5000 times, the two is pressed
Volume ratio is 1:1 mixing.
Ancient tea tree is no more than 3 days from digging out Implantation Time.
Nutrient solution described in step (7) is the ingredient containing following weight in 1L water: glucose 1g, α-naphthylacetic acid 0.5mg, nitre
Sour potassium 0.5g, magnesium sulfate 0.5g, ferrous sulfate 30mg, calcium chloride 0.3g, MnSO4·4H2O 30mg、ZnSO4·7H2O 30mg、
Vc 3.0 mg。
Farmyard manure described in step (8) is dry pig manure.
The method for transplanting of raising wild ancient tea tree survival rate of the invention, has the advantages that
(1) source C, N needed for having the root-growing agent, vitamin, root growth for promoting root growth in taking root liquid provided by the invention,
Furthermore the bark and cauline leaf of other plant be also added, neutron poplar bark plays the role of promoting root growth, and violet cauline leaf can also play
Root is helped to act on, notoginseng haulm can also cure wounded tissue, this formula is rationally scientific, while obtaining by specific preparation process,
It can play the role of healing and taking root, while also shorten the rootage duration of ancient tea tree, also make ancient growth of tea plant healthier.
(2) after transplanting, to the defeated nutrient solution of ancient tea tree, nutrient composition containing the glucose needed for agent growth and easily absorbed,
Microelement and vitamin needed for the α-naphthylacetic acid and plant growth of promotion plant growth can provide nutrition for ancient tea tree,
So that it is rapidly adapted to the growing environment after transplanting, and then improves transplanting survival rate.
(3) it during transplanting, taking root liquid provided by the invention, nutrient solution, sterilization method and is completely cured, transplants and manager
Method etc. directly affects the transplanting survival rate of ancient tea tree, and each step during transplanting is not independent part, phase
Anti- each step is all linked with one another, can just improve the transplanting survival rate of ancient tea tree, its survival rate is made to be up to 85%.
(4) during the transplantation process, ancient tea tree trunk and other limbs are wound with the rope made of hemp before transplanting and removes middle and upper part branch
And whole blades, it protects bast injury-free to transplant, in transportational process, while may also function as Water-saving effect, is conducive to
Ancient tea tree survives；It is 4.5-6.5 with more coarse grained sandy soil, such soil that pH value is filled out around plantation hole and root system
Earth is loose ventilative and permeable, is conducive to take root and survive, if ancient tea tree cannot give birth to new root and survive with solid clay；It rises
When transporting ancient tea tree, centainly it is careful to dig and transports, it is necessary to the complete mud ball with fully wrapped around firmly root system, if mud ball is loose, package
Incessantly root system, transplanting are survived with regard to difficulty or ease.
(5) ancient tea tree after the transfer cannot centainly apply fertilizer before not growing new root, and cannot centainly apply chemical fertilizer, chicken manure and
Night soil, because ancient tea tree is constantly in wild state, the night soil high to chemical fertilizer and fertilizer solution concentration, chicken manure are very sensitive, such as
To fertilize, chicken manure and night soil will cause the tea tree of transplanting dead, shifting of the entire each step for transplanting process to ancient tea tree
Survival rate is planted all to have a great impact.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for transplanting improving wild ancient tea tree survival rate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting lateral root: in the month in spring 3-4, when daily mean temperature is 15 ~ 20 DEG C, ancient tea tree to be transplanted is broken
Root processing: being slowly to be inserted into soil downwards with spade, depth is at 1.5-2.5m away from center radius centered on pith
1-1.5m meets main root or lateral root is just cut off with handsaw during spade is downwardly into soil, avoids root system and is damaged, especially
Bast cannot be damaged, after cutting off taproot and lateral root, is irrigated to be completely cured with taking root liquid and locates soil and root system section, it is then light again to spread one
Layer soil, waits ancient growth of tea plant radicula, autumn can transplant；
Wherein, the concentration of taking root liquid is 100ppm, and taking root liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of ABT root-inducing powder, Yin
10 parts of diindyl butyric acid, 10 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, vitamin B2 1 part, 2 parts of glucose, 8 parts of sub- poplar bark, 8 parts of violet cauline leaf, Radix Notoginseng stem
8 parts of leaf；
Taking root liquid is prepared by following methods: a, being weighed son respectively by formula and is raised bark, violet cauline leaf and Radix Notoginseng stem
Leaf dries, and mixing is crushed to 50-100 mesh, is completely dissolved with sterile water；
B, vitamin B is weighed respectively by formula2, glucose, then dissolved with sterile water；
C, ABT root-inducing powder, indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate are completely dissolved with the alcohol that volume fraction is 75%；D, by step a,
Acquired solution mixes in step b and step c, then with sodium citrate buffer solution tune
PH value is saved to 6.5, finally plus sterile water adjusts its concentration as 100ppm；
(2) selection of transplanting site: height above sea level 700-1000m, annual rainfall are not less than 1000mm, are with more dark and damp environment
Preferably, preferably surrounding has forest shading covering, cannot be planted in solar exposure, the place of antecedent soil moisture, soil pH value 4.0-
6.5, soil calcium content is no more than 0.2%；
(3) transplanting time: 9-10 month autumn in the same year transplants, and is advisable for 15 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C of daily mean temperature when transplanting, too low excessively high
Influence survival rate；
(4) it starts shipment giant tea tree: before starting shipment giant tea tree, winding ancient tea tree trunk and other limbs with the rope made of hemp and remove middle and upper part
Branch and whole blades, trunk coiling length are rhizome at trunk 4-5m, and bast is protected to transplant, in transportational process not
It is damaged, while may also function as Water-saving effect, otherwise ancient tea tree transplanting is easily dead；It will be with the mud of complete package root system when uprooting
Ball, mud ball is with a thickness of 1-1.5m, and wide 1.5-2m, the critical hard-pressed bale of tea root is in mud ball, and this is particularly critical, if mud ball is loose
Dissipate, root system exposes mud ball, will seriously affect its survival rate, dredge ball while, fastened at least four ropes made of hemp in ancient tea tree four
On all branches, and ancient tea tree is held with manpower at ground, or push down the rope made of hemp with stone, when mud ball is dug out fastly, gently fallen
Ancient tea tree influences its survival rate in order to avoid ancient tea tree falls down to injure ancient tea tree bast suddenly；After digging out ancient tea tree, by ancient tea tree
The withe item handsaw saw of middle and upper part tree crown removes, and retains the trunk and big side shoot that height is 6-8m, pay attention to that chopper or electricity cannot be used
Then saw again removes the blade on trunk and big side shoot in order to avoid cutting brokenly branch injures bast, wild to reduce to greatest extent
Ancient tea tree transpiration dehydration is withered, is finally transported with flat car to transplanting；
(5) it digs plantation hole: can be dug according to ancient tea tree institute band mud ball diameter, the general wide 1.5-2m of plantation hole, deep 1.2-1.8m,
Plantation hole underfill 8-12cm is thick, and pH value is the sandy soil of 4.5-6.5, disappears before implantation to plantation hole soil within 2 days
Poison, sandy soil is loose ventilative, can leak water naturally, survives wild ancient tea tree easily and quick long new root, cannot be strong with stickiness, thoroughly
The soil of gas difference also needs to carry out disinfection to plantation hole and Soil Surrounding and the sandy soil filled before transplanting；
Thimerosal used is the thiophanate methyl that active constituent content is 50%, and dosage form is wettable powder, is diluted
1000 times, after the Biphenthrin missible oil for being 2.5% with active constituent content dilutes 5000 times, the two is 1:1 mixing by volume,
Soil to be sterilized is squirted when use；
(6) the ancient tea tree with complete mud ball is placed in plantation hole, first fills 20-25cm thickness, pH value 4.5-6.5
With more coarse grained sand soil, be advisable with river bank silt particle soil, while spraying in thimerosal and step (1) in step (5)
Taking root liquid with volume ratio for 1:1 mixed liquor, packing is real, then Soil Surrounding heap is taken to build high 0.8-1m from the ground, width 2-2.5m
Mound, the side Bian Dui compacting soil, after plantation is good, then with the taking root liquid in the thimerosal and step (1) in step (5) with volume
Than being mixed for 1:1, mound is squirted with sprayer, cannot directly be poured；Then mulch is covered in mound and surrounding, during which do not had to
Watering, takes off from rootstock to the mulch of 30-40cm around to the part mulch for opening trunk immediate vicinity month next year 5-6
It opens, the mulch of other positions is preserved for always moisturizing；Open the position of film, then with the thimerosal and step (1) in step (5)
In taking root liquid with volume ratio be 1:1 mixing, soil is sprayed saturating；Its middle ancient times tea tree is no more than 3 days from digging out Implantation Time；In
From ancient tea tree mound both sides 1m or so place's drainage trenching, depth 30-40cm, to prevent wet injury；
(7) after the completion of transplanting, nutrient solution, defeated nutrient solution method: respectively in the trunk of liftoff 40-50cm are inputted to ancient tea tree
Place, liftoff about 3m trunk at and the side shoot of liftoff about 5-6m at each defeated one bag of nutrient solution, be supplemented once in second year 4-5 month
Nutrient solution；Winter must keep the temperature frost protection in ancient tea tree tree crown upper cover plastic cloth or sunshade net, snow jelly be such as frost and snow weather
Evil；Nutrient solution is the ingredient containing following weight in 1L water: glucose 1g, α-naphthylacetic acid 0.5mg, potassium nitrate 0.5g, magnesium sulfate
0.5g, ferrous sulfate 30mg, calcium chloride 0.3g, MnSO4·4H2O 30mg、ZnSO4·7H2O 30mg,Vc 3.0 mg；
(8) it does not apply fertilizer before growing new root to ancient tea tree after transplanting, otherwise ancient tea tree can be dead, when the 3rd year month in spring 3-4,
Ancient tea tree grows new root, starts Shi Yici farmyard manure, the dry pig manure of every plant of 4-5kg, is diluted with water to after 50kg to pour and is applied to tea root
Near neck, rear blinding is applied, cannot to fertilize, otherwise ancient tea tree is easily dead, and routinely management carries out for remaining management.
Using the method for transplanting, the ancient tea tree survival rate of transplanting is 81%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for transplanting improving wild ancient tea tree survival rate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting lateral root: ancient tea tree to be transplanted is completely cured by the month in spring 3-4 when daily mean temperature is 15 ~ 20 DEG C
Processing: being slowly to be inserted into soil downwards with spade, depth 1- at 1.5-2.5m away from center radius centered on pith
1.5m meets main root or lateral root is just cut off with handsaw during spade is downwardly into soil, avoids root system and is damaged, especially not
Bast can be damaged, after cutting off taproot and lateral root, is irrigated to be completely cured with taking root liquid and locates soil and root system section, it is then light again to spread one layer
Soil waits ancient growth of tea plant radicula, and autumn can transplant；
Wherein, the concentration of taking root liquid is 200ppm, and taking root liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of ABT root-inducing powder, Yin
15 parts of diindyl butyric acid, 15 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, vitamin B2 2 parts, 5 parts of glucose, 12 parts of sub- poplar bark, 12 parts of violet cauline leaf, Radix Notoginseng
12 parts of cauline leaf；
Taking root liquid is prepared by following methods: a, being weighed son respectively by formula and is raised bark, violet cauline leaf and Radix Notoginseng stem
Leaf dries, and mixing is crushed to 50-100 mesh, is completely dissolved with sterile water；
B, vitamin B is weighed respectively by formula2, glucose, then dissolved with sterile water；
C, ABT root-inducing powder, indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate are completely dissolved with the alcohol that volume fraction is 75%；D, by step a,
Acquired solution mixes in step b and step c, then with sodium citrate buffer solution tune
PH value is saved to 6.5, finally plus sterile water adjusts its concentration as 200ppm；
(2) selection of transplanting site: height above sea level 700-1000m, annual rainfall are not less than 1000mm, are with more dark and damp environment
Preferably, preferably surrounding has forest shading covering, cannot be planted in solar exposure, the place of antecedent soil moisture, soil pH value 4.0-
6.5 soil calcium content is no more than 0.2%；
(3) transplanting time: 9-10 month autumn in the same year transplants, and is advisable for 15 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C of daily mean temperature when transplanting, too low excessively high
Influence survival rate；
(4) it starts shipment giant tea tree: before starting shipment giant tea tree, winding ancient tea tree trunk and other limbs with the rope made of hemp and remove middle and upper part
Branch and whole blades, trunk coiling length are rhizome at trunk 4-5m, and bast is protected to transplant, in transportational process not
It is damaged, while may also function as Water-saving effect, otherwise ancient tea tree transplanting is easily dead；It will be with will be with complete package root system when uprooting
Mud ball, mud ball is with a thickness of 1-1.5m, and wide 1.5-2m, the critical hard-pressed bale of tea root is in mud ball, and this is particularly critical, if mud ball
Loosely, root system exposes mud ball, will seriously affect its survival rate, dredge ball while, fastened at least four ropes made of hemp in ancient tea tree
On surrounding branch, and ancient tea tree is held with manpower at ground, or push down the rope made of hemp with stone, when mud ball is dug out fastly, gently put
Ancient tea tree influences its survival rate in order to avoid ancient tea tree falls down to injure ancient tea tree bast suddenly；After digging out ancient tea tree, by ancient tea
The withe item handsaw saw of tree middle and upper part tree crown removes, and retains the trunk and big side shoot that height is 6-8m, pay attention to cannot with chopper or
Then electric saw again removes the blade on trunk and big side shoot, in order to avoid cutting brokenly branch injures bast to reduce open country to greatest extent
Raw Gu tea tree transpiration dehydration is withered, is finally transported with flat car to transplanting；
(5) it digs plantation hole: can be dug according to ancient tea tree institute band mud ball diameter, the general wide 1.5-2m of plantation hole, deep 1.2-1.8m,
Thick to plantation hole underfill 8-12cm before implantation, pH value is the sandy soil of 4.5-6.5, and 2 days to plantation hole soil before implantation
Earth carries out disinfection, and sandy soil is loose ventilative, can leak water naturally, survives wild ancient tea tree easily and quick long new root, Bu Nengyong
Stickiness is strong, poor air permeability soil, also needs to disappear to plantation hole and Soil Surrounding and the sandy soil filled before transplanting
Poison；
Thimerosal used is the thiophanate methyl that active constituent content is 50%, and dosage form is wettable powder, is diluted
700 times, after the Biphenthrin missible oil for being 2.5% with active constituent content dilutes 4000 times, the two is 1:1 mixing by volume, is made
Used time squirts soil to be sterilized；
(6) the ancient tea tree with complete mud ball is placed in plantation hole, first fills 20-25cm thickness, pH value 4.5-6.5
With more coarse grained sand soil, be advisable with river bank silt particle soil, while spraying in thimerosal and step (1) in step (5)
Taking root liquid with volume ratio for 1:1 mixed liquor, packing is real, then Soil Surrounding heap is taken to build high 0.8-1m from the ground, width 2-2.5m
Mound, the side Bian Dui compacting soil, after plantation is good, then with the taking root liquid in the thimerosal and step (1) in step (5) with volume
Than being mixed for 1:1, mound is squirted with sprayer, cannot directly be poured；Then mulch is covered in mound and surrounding, during which do not had to
Watering, takes off from rootstock to the mulch of 30-40cm around to the part mulch for opening trunk immediate vicinity month next year 5-6
It opens, the mulch of other positions is preserved for always moisturizing；Open the position of film, then with the thimerosal and step (1) in step (5)
In taking root liquid with volume ratio be 1:1 mixing, soil is sprayed saturating；Its middle ancient times tea tree is no more than 3 days from digging out Implantation Time；In
From ancient tea tree mound both sides 1m or so place's drainage trenching, depth 30-40cm, to prevent wet injury；
(7) after the completion of transplanting, nutrient solution, defeated nutrient solution method: respectively in the trunk of liftoff 40-50cm are inputted to ancient tea tree
Place, liftoff 3m trunk at and the side shoot of liftoff 6m at each defeated one bag of nutrient solution, be supplemented one time of nutrition in second year 4-5 month
Liquid；Winter must freeze in ancient tea tree tree crown upper cover plastic cloth or sunshade net heat preservation frost protection, snow and cause harm such as frost and snow weather；Battalion
Nutrient solution is the ingredient containing following weight in 1L water: glucose 1g, α-naphthylacetic acid 0.5mg, potassium nitrate 0.5g, magnesium sulfate 0.5g, sulphur
Sour ferrous iron 30mg, calcium chloride 0.3g, MnSO4·4H2O 30mg、ZnSO4·7H2O 30mg,Vc 3.0 mg；
(8) it does not apply fertilizer before growing new root to ancient tea tree after transplanting, otherwise ancient tea tree can be dead, when the 3rd year month in spring 3-4,
Ancient tea tree grows new root, starts Shi Yici farmyard manure, the dry pig manure of every plant of 4-5kg, is diluted with water to after 50kg to pour and is applied to tea root
Near neck, rear blinding is applied, cannot to fertilize, otherwise ancient tea tree is easily dead, and routinely management carries out for remaining management.
Using the method for transplanting, the ancient tea tree survival rate of transplanting is 85%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for transplanting improving wild ancient tea tree survival rate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting lateral root: October mid-September-in the fall, when daily mean temperature is 15 ~ 20 DEG C, by ancient tea tree to be transplanted
It carries out cutting lateral root: being slowly to be inserted into soil downwards at 1.5-2.5m with spade away from center radius centered on pith,
Depth is 1-1.5m, during spade is downwardly into soil, meets main root or lateral root is just cut off with handsaw, avoid root system and be damaged,
Bast cannot be especially damaged, after cutting off taproot and lateral root, is irrigated to be completely cured with taking root liquid and locates soil and root system section, then again
Gently spread a layer of clay earth, waits ancient growth of tea plant radicula, autumn can transplant；
Wherein, the concentration of taking root liquid is 150ppm, and taking root liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of ABT root-inducing powder, Yin
12 parts of diindyl butyric acid, 12 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, vitamin B2 1.5 parts, 4 parts of glucose, 10 parts of sub- poplar bark, 10 parts of violet cauline leaf, three
Seven 10 parts of cauline leafs；
Taking root liquid is prepared by following methods: a, being weighed son respectively by formula and is raised bark, violet cauline leaf and Radix Notoginseng stem
Leaf dries, and mixing is crushed to 50-100 mesh, is completely dissolved with sterile water；
B, vitamin B is weighed respectively by formula2, glucose, then dissolved with sterile water；
C, ABT root-inducing powder, indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate are completely dissolved with the alcohol that volume fraction is 75%；D, by step a,
Acquired solution mixes in step b and step c, then with sodium citrate buffer solution tune
PH value is saved to 6.5, finally plus sterile water adjusts its concentration as 150ppm；
(2) selection of transplanting site: height above sea level 700-900m, annual rainfall are not less than 1000mm, are advisable with more dark and damp environment,
There is forest shading covering around preferably, solar exposure, the place of antecedent soil moisture, soil pH value 4.0-6.5, soil cannot be planted in
Earth calcium content is no more than 0.2%；
(3) transplanting time: the next spring 3-4 month transplants, and is advisable for 15 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C of daily mean temperature when transplanting, too low mistake
It is high to influence survival rate；
(4) it starts shipment giant tea tree: before starting shipment giant tea tree, winding ancient tea tree trunk and other limbs with the rope made of hemp and remove middle and upper part
Branch and whole blades, trunk coiling length are rhizome at trunk 4-5m, and bast is protected to transplant, in transportational process not
It is damaged, while may also function as Water-saving effect, otherwise ancient tea tree transplanting is easily dead；It will be with the mud of complete package root system when uprooting
Ball, mud ball is with a thickness of 1-1.5m, and wide 1.5-2m, the critical hard-pressed bale of tea root is in mud ball, and this is particularly critical, if mud ball is loose
Dissipate, root system exposes mud ball, will seriously affect its survival rate, dredge ball while, fastened at least four ropes made of hemp in ancient tea tree four
On all branches, and ancient tea tree is held with manpower at ground, or push down the rope made of hemp with stone, when mud ball is dug out fastly, gently fallen
Ancient tea tree influences its survival rate in order to avoid ancient tea tree falls down to injure ancient tea tree bast suddenly；After digging out ancient tea tree, by ancient tea tree
The withe item handsaw saw of middle and upper part tree crown removes, and retains the trunk and big side shoot that height is 6-8m, pays attention to that chopper or electricity cannot be used
Then saw again removes the blade on trunk and big side shoot in order to avoid cutting brokenly branch injures bast, wild to reduce to greatest extent
Ancient tea tree transpiration dehydration is withered, is finally transported with flat car to transplanting；
(5) it digs plantation hole: can be dug according to ancient tea tree institute band mud ball diameter, the general wide 1.5-2m of plantation hole, deep 1.2-1.8m,
Thick to plantation hole underfill 8-12cm before implantation, pH value is the sandy soil of 4.5-6.5, and 2 days to plantation hole soil before implantation
Earth carries out disinfection, and sandy soil is loose ventilative, can leak water naturally, survives wild ancient tea tree easily and quick long new root, Bu Nengyong
Stickiness is strong, poor air permeability soil, also needs to disappear to plantation hole and Soil Surrounding and the sandy soil filled before transplanting
Poison；
Thimerosal used is the thiophanate methyl that active constituent content is 50%, and dosage form is wettable powder, is diluted
800 times, after the Biphenthrin missible oil for being 2.5% with active constituent content dilutes 4500 times, the two is 1:1 mixing by volume, is made
Used time squirts soil to be sterilized；
(6) the ancient tea tree with complete mud ball is placed in plantation hole, first fills 20-25cm thickness, pH value 4.5-6.5
With more coarse grained sand soil, be advisable with river bank silt particle soil, while spraying in thimerosal and step (1) in step (5)
Taking root liquid with volume ratio for 1:1 mixed liquor, packing is real, then Soil Surrounding heap is taken to build high 0.8-1m from the ground, width 2-2.5m
Mound, the side Bian Dui compacting soil, after plantation is good, then with the taking root liquid in the thimerosal and step (1) in step (5) with volume
Than being mixed for 1:1, mound is squirted with sprayer, cannot directly be poured；Then mulch is covered in mound and surrounding, during which do not had to
Watering, takes off from rootstock to the mulch of 30-40cm around to the part mulch for opening trunk immediate vicinity month next year 5-6
It opens, the mulch of other positions is preserved for always moisturizing；Open the position of film, then with the thimerosal and step (1) in step (5)
In taking root liquid with volume ratio be 1:1 mixing, soil is sprayed saturating；Its middle ancient times tea tree is no more than 3 days from digging out Implantation Time；In
From ancient tea tree mound both sides 1m or so place's drainage trenching, depth 30-40cm, to prevent wet injury；
(7) after the completion of transplanting, nutrient solution, defeated nutrient solution method: respectively in the trunk of liftoff 40-50cm are inputted to ancient tea tree
Place, liftoff 3m trunk at and the side shoot of liftoff 6m at each defeated one bag of nutrient solution, be supplemented one time of nutrition in second year 4-5 month
Liquid；Winter must freeze in ancient tea tree tree crown upper cover plastic cloth or sunshade net heat preservation frost protection, snow and cause harm such as frost and snow weather；Battalion
Nutrient solution is the ingredient containing following weight in 1L water: glucose 1g, α-naphthylacetic acid 0.5mg, potassium nitrate 0.5g, magnesium sulfate 0.5g, sulphur
Sour ferrous iron 30mg, calcium chloride 0.3g, MnSO4·4H2O 30mg、ZnSO4·7H2O 30mg,Vc 3.0 mg；
(8) ancient tea tree is not applied fertilizer before growing new root after transplanting, and otherwise ancient tea tree can be dead, when to the next spring 3-4 month,
Ancient tea tree grows new root, starts Shi Yici farmyard manure, the dry pig manure of every plant of 4-5kg, is diluted to after about 50kg to pour and is applied to tea tree rootstock
Near, rear blinding is applied, centainly cannot to fertilize or night soil or chicken manure, otherwise ancient tea tree is easily dead, remaining management is routinely managed
Reason carries out.
Using the method for transplanting, the ancient tea tree survival rate of transplanting is 83%.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method for transplanting for improving wild ancient tea tree survival rate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting lateral root:, will be wait transplant when daily mean temperature is 15~20 DEG C in the month in spring 3-4 or mid-September in autumn-October
Ancient tea tree carry out cutting lateral root: be to be cut off at 1.5-2.5m, depth 1-1.5m with handsaw away from center radius centered on pith
Then taproot and lateral root is irrigated to be completely cured with taking root liquid and locates root system and neighbouring soil；Wherein, the concentration of the taking root liquid is 100-
200ppm, taking root liquid comprise the following components in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of ABT root-inducing powder, 10-15 parts of indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 10-15
Part, vitamin B21-2 parts, 2-5 parts of glucose, poplar bark 8-12 parts sub-, 8-12 parts of violet cauline leaf and notoginseng haulm 8-12
Part；
The taking root liquid is prepared by following methods:
A, son is weighed respectively by formula and raise bark, violet cauline leaf and notoginseng haulm, dried, mixed, be crushed to 50-100 mesh, use
Sterile water is completely dissolved；
B, vitamin B is weighed respectively by formula2, glucose, then dissolved with sterile water；
C, ABT root-inducing powder, indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate are completely dissolved with the alcohol that volume fraction is 75%；
D, acquired solution in step a, step b and step c is mixed, then adjusts pH value to 6.5, most with sodium citrate buffer solution
Afterwards plus sterile water adjusts its concentration as 100-200ppm；
(2) selection of transplanting site: height above sea level 700-1000m, annual rainfall are not less than 1000mm, dark and damp, soil pH value 4.0-
6.5, calcium content is no more than 0.2%；
(3) transplanting time: 9-10 month autumn in the same year that spring is completely cured transplants, and the next spring 3-4 month that autumn is completely cured transplants；It moves
When cultivation 15 DEG C~20 DEG C of daily mean temperature to guarantee survival rate；
(4) it starts shipment giant tea tree: before starting shipment giant tea tree, uprooting again after winding ancient tea tree trunk and other limbs with the rope made of hemp, trunk twines
It is to carry complete mud ball to from trunk 4-5m, when uprooting from rhizome around length, mud ball digs with a thickness of 1-1.5m, wide 1.5-2m
The branch handsaw saw of its middle and upper part tree crown is removed after ancient tea tree out, retains the trunk and big side shoot that height is 6-8m, then again
Blade on trunk and big side shoot is all removed；
(5) plantation hole: tree well wide 1.5-2m, deep 1.2-1.8m are dug, tree well underfill has that 8-12cm is thick, pH value 4.5-6.5
Sandy soil, carried out disinfection before implantation with thimerosal to plantation hole soil within 2 days；Wherein, the thimerosal is effective component
The thiophanate methyl that content is 50%, dosage form is wettable powder, is diluted 700-1000 times, is with active constituent content
After 2.5% Biphenthrin missible oil dilutes 4000-5000 times, the two is 1:1 mixing by volume；
(6) transplant giant tea tree: ancient tea tree is no more than 3 days from digging out Implantation Time, and the ancient tea tree with complete mud ball is placed
In plantation hole, 20-25cm thickness is first filled, pH value is that 4.5-6.5 has coarse grained sand soil, while spraying in step (5)
Thimerosal and step (1) in taking root liquid with volume ratio for 1:1 mixed liquor, after compressing compacting sand soil, then take mound on the spot
The mound of high 0.8-1m, width 2-2.5m from the ground are built, then with the taking root liquid in the thimerosal and step (1) in step (5) with body
Mound is squirted with sprayer than being that 1:1 is mixed, mulch is finally covered on mound, opened in trunk in month next year 5-6 by product
Mulch near the heart retains the mulch of other positions；
(7) after the completion of transplanting, input nutrient solution to ancient tea tree, defeated nutrient solution method: respectively at the trunk of liftoff 40-50cm,
Each defeated one bag of nutrient solution at the trunk of liftoff 3m and at the side shoot of liftoff 6m, is supplemented one time of nutrition liquid in second year 4-5 month；Winter
Season, in ancient tea tree tree crown upper cover plastic cloth or sunshade net to play the role of keeping the temperature snow defence jelly and frost；
Wherein, the nutrient solution is the ingredient containing following weight in 1L water: glucose 1g, α-naphthylacetic acid 0.5mg, potassium nitrate
0.5g, magnesium sulfate 0.5g, ferrous sulfate 30mg, calcium chloride 0.3g, MnSO4·4H2O 30mg、ZnSO4·7H2O 30mg、Vc
3.0mg；
(8) after transplanting, farmyard manure is applied to ancient tea tree；Wherein, the ancient tea tree of spring transplanting, until the next spring 3-4 month starts to apply
Farmyard manure；The ancient tea tree of autumn transplanting, transplanting is for the year and second does not apply fertilizer every year, and month spring 3-4 in third year starts to apply farmyard manure；
Fertilizing method are as follows: every plant is applied farmyard manure 4-5kg, is diluted with water to 50kg, then is poured and be applied near tea tree rootstock；Remaining management is by normal
Reason is regulated to carry out；The farmyard manure is dry pig manure.
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| CN106986692A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-07-28 | 四川格睿园林科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to promote to transplant the method set root greatly |
| CN107018849B (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2020-04-14 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method for restoring vegetation in arid and rainless areas |
| CN108012909B (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2020-10-13 | 广东红树林生态科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for improving transplanting survival rate of big seedlings of bruguiera gymnorrhiza |
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| CN109041995A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-21 | 贵州高合农林有限公司 | A kind of method for transplanting of granulated sugar mandarin orange fruit tree |
| CN113207453B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2023-09-15 | 云南省林业和草原科学院 | Tea tree cutting branch off-site keep-alive method |
| CN113557906A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Breeding method of wild ancient tea tree seedlings and making method of wild ancient tea tree seedling tea |
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