CN104381090A - Transplanting method for old grapevine with high survival rate after transplantation - Google Patents

Transplanting method for old grapevine with high survival rate after transplantation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104381090A
CN104381090A CN201410495637.2A CN201410495637A CN104381090A CN 104381090 A CN104381090 A CN 104381090A CN 201410495637 A CN201410495637 A CN 201410495637A CN 104381090 A CN104381090 A CN 104381090A
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grape
root
tree
ancient tree
ancient
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房荣年
邢富强
李春凤
刘建华
张建国
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/02Cultivation of hops or vines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00Forestry
    • A01G23/02Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
    • A01G23/04Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of transplantation of old grapevines and provides a transplanting method for an old grapevine with a high survival rate after transplantation. The method comprises the following steps: S1, root cutting before transplantation: a step of cutting the root of a to-be-transplanted old grapevine in June to July of the previous year before transplantation so as to obtain a root ball; S2, soil covering after transplantation and vine treating: a step of planting the root ball into a planting pit prepared in advance in a planting period, covering the vine of the old grapevine with soil and fixing the vine on a built vine climbing rack after germination of the vine; S3, plastic film mulching and water irrigation: a step of covering the surface of soil where the root is located with a quadrilateral mulching film having a side length of 2 to 3 m; S4, bud picking, wherein it is ensured that a young shoot is kept on the vine every 20 to 25cm; and S5, fertilizer supplementation for a plurality of times: a step of applying a small amount of a fertilizer on the root of the old grapevine in many times when the young shoots start to grow. With the method provided by the invention, the survival rate of the transplanted old grapevine reaches 100%.

Description

A kind ofly transplant the high grape ancient tree trasplanting method of rear survival rate
Technical field
The present invention relates to grape fields of implantation, particularly relate to and a kind ofly transplant the high grape ancient tree trasplanting method of rear survival rate.
Background technology
According to relevant department of China regulation, ancient tree refers to the large tree of the age of tree more than a century, so grape ancient tree refers to the vine of more than age of tree a century, in existing transplanting trasplanting method viny being directed to mostly to grape sapling.
Along with the construction in city, relate to the Transplanting Problem of a large amount of grape ancient tree when levying and accounting for soil.And prior art only has the record to raw vine transplanting in 16 years, successful method is not transplanted to a century above grape ancient tree.The transplanting success of grape ancient tree not only relates to the research to species resource, also has very restricted publication of international news and commentary entitled to be worth for planning of trees and shrubs.Therefore, a kind of method that grape ancient tree transplanting survival is provided is needed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly transplant the high grape ancient tree trasplanting method of rear survival rate, thus solve the foregoing problems existed in prior art.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is a kind of transplants the high grape ancient tree trasplanting method of rear survival rate, and the technical scheme of employing is as follows:
Be completely cured before S1, cultivation
Transplant June the previous year ~ July, to needing the grape ancient tree transplanted to carry out cutting lateral root, obtaining root and sticking together;
S2, plant after earthing and climb rattan process
Transplant planting time then, described is sticked together in the planting pit of planting and anticipating, and with soil, described planting pit is filled and led up, then cover the tendril of described grape ancient tree with soil, after described tendril rudiment, described tendril is fixed on climbing of putting up on rattan teapoy;
S3, covering with plastic film
To the tree root pouring moisture of described grape ancient tree, moisture is permeable soil 90cm ~ 110cm at least, then centered by the tree root of described grape ancient tree, covers at soil surface the square mulch film that the length of side is 2m ~ 3m;
S4, bud picking process
Carry out bud picking process in the bud picking phase of described grape ancient tree, on the tendril ensureing described grape ancient tree, adjacent two new distances are slightly 20cm ~ 25cm;
S5, repeatedly supplementary fertilizer
After bud picking process, a small amount of root of fertilization mode to described grape ancient tree is repeatedly adopted to apply fertilizer.
Preferably, in step S1, described cutting lateral root, concrete operations are:
S1-1, centered by the tree root of described grape ancient tree, respectively standardized square frame on East, West, South, North four direction, described grape ancient tree tree root and the vertical range of each square frame near the limit of described tree root are 60cm ~ 100cm;
S1-2, for the first time cutting lateral root, be specially: the June 15 of 1 year was to June 30 before transplantation, select south and north to square frame, from square frame outer, the dressing furrow of wide 45cm ~ 50cm, dark 80cm ~ 120cm is dug in direction to grape ancient tree tree root, and all root systems cut off in dressing furrow, simultaneously arrange cystosepiment at dressing furrow away from the side of grape ancient tree tree root, the most backward dressing furrow backfill Nutrition Soil also waters;
S1-3, second time cutting lateral root, be specially: the July 15 of 1 year was to July 30 before transplantation, select east and west to square frame, from square frame outer, the dressing furrow of wide 45cm ~ 50cm, dark 80cm ~ 120cm is dug in direction to grape ancient tree tree root, and all root systems cut off in dressing furrow, simultaneously arrange cystosepiment at dressing furrow away from the side of grape ancient tree tree root, the most backward dressing furrow backfill Nutrition Soil also waters;
Preferably, described Nutrition Soil comprises: 55 ~ 65 weight portion soil, 25 ~ 35 weight portion earthworm fertilizers and 5 ~ 15 weight portion fertilizers.
Preferably, in step S2, described planting time refers to: annual March 15 was to April 30.
Preferably, in step S2, described planting pit of anticipating refers to: in step S2, described planting pit of anticipating refers to: dug according to the described size sticked together the planting pit that the degree of depth is 100cm ~ 120cm, and in planting pit, use the fertilizer of 45kg ~ 55kg, backfill soil is 90cm ~ 110cm to the degree of depth of planting pit, waters depositing in water real.
Preferably, in step S4, described bud picking process refers to: comprise first time bud picking process and second time bud picking process; Described first time bud picking process was carried out at the rudiment initial stage, erase do not stay ending position rudiment, treble shoot, twin shoot accessory bud; Meanwhile, take weak stay strong, go closely to stay rare principle to carry out bud picking process to staying ending position;
Described second time bud picking process: carried out after 5 ~ 10 days of first time bud picking process, erases new rudiment, the weak bud of female branch base portion, the folder twig without space, position kryptoblast improperly, ensures to stay a young sprout every 20cm.
Preferably, in step S5, described a small amount of fertilization mode repeatedly referred to: every 1 week root fertilizer to described grape ancient tree, and each fertilizing amount sum is that not transplant front described grape ancient tree in the fertilizing amount of budding period be total amount, and each topdressing amount is identical, topdresses to July 15 to July 20.
Preferably, after step s 5, also there is maintenance process, described maintenance process is specially following steps: the described extermination of disease and insect pest: sprayed every 10 ~ 15 days and carry out controlling disease with bactericide, spray insect-proof agent and carry out pest control; Described bactericide is that bordeaux mixture, Du Pont or enemy hold steadily, and described insect-proof agent is beta-cypermethrin 1500 times or very cool 600 times;
Described Tipping process: when newly slightly growing 10 leaves in ground, carry out pinching process, until the described pair newly slightly gone up slightly on grow two panels leaf time, carry out second time pinching process, to described pair slightly leaves 1 leaf.
Preferably, between step S1 and step S2, there are following steps, before transplanting planting time then, the root of the grape ancient tree through cutting lateral root is sticked together after fixing with the wooden case of corresponding size, be transported to planting pit, plant.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention is in grape ancient tree migration process, do not take existing disposable processing method of being all completely cured, but after half of first root of grape ancient tree being broken, applying fertilizer nourishes the section of root, break second half root after one month again, the inventive method grape ancient tree transplanting success reaches 100%, has filled up the blank of grape ancient tree implantation technique.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the grape ancient tree trasplanting method cutting lateral root that after specific embodiment 1 one kinds is transplanted, survival rate is high, in figure, the circle of blacking represents the tree root of grape ancient tree, 1 represent the tree root east of grape ancient tree to square frame, 2 represent the tree root west of grape ancient trees to square frame, 3 represent the tree root south of grape ancient trees to square frame, 4 represent the tree root north of grape ancient trees to square frame.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 1, embodiment 1 one kinds transplants the high grape ancient tree trasplanting method of rear survival rate, for longan grape ancient tree, and checking beneficial effect, the method comprises the following steps:
Be completely cured before S1, cultivation
Transplant June the previous year ~ July, to needing the root of the grape ancient tree transplanted to carry out cutting lateral root, obtaining root and sticking together;
In step S1, described cutting lateral root comprises:
S1-1, centered by the tree root of described grape ancient tree, East, West, South, North four direction draws square frame respectively, described grape ancient tree tree root and the vertical range of each square frame near the limit of described tree root are 60cm;
S1-2, for the first time cutting lateral root, be specially: the June 20 of 1 year before transplantation, select south and north to square frame, from square frame outer, the dressing furrow of wide 50cm, dark 100cm is dug in direction to grape ancient tree tree root, and all root systems cut off in dressing furrow, simultaneously arrange cystosepiment at dressing furrow away from the side of grape ancient tree tree root, the most backward dressing furrow backfill Nutrition Soil also waters;
S1-3, second time cutting lateral root, be specially: the July 20 of 1 year before transplantation, select east and west to square frame, from square frame outer, the dressing furrow of wide 45cm, dark 100cm is dug in direction to grape ancient tree tree root, and all root systems cut off in dressing furrow, simultaneously arrange cystosepiment at dressing furrow away from the side of grape ancient tree tree root, the most backward dressing furrow backfill Nutrition Soil also waters;
Described Nutrition Soil comprises: 60 weight portions transplant destination soil, 30 weight portion earthworm fertilizers and 10 weight portion ocean mineral fertilizers;
S2, plant after earthing and climb rattan process:
Second Year planting time, described is sticked together in the planting pit of planting and anticipating, and with soil, described planting pit is filled and led up, then the tendril of described grape ancient tree is covered with soil, after described tendril rudiment, described tendril is fixed on climbing on rattan teapoy of putting up, ensures that described tendril climbs the growth of rattan teapoy along described;
In step S2, described planting time refers to: root system activity possessed temperature and rose to 10 degrees Celsius, reaches root growth temperature requirement to April 20 annual April 15;
In step S2, described planting pit of anticipating refers to: dug according to the described size sticked together the planting pit that the degree of depth is 100cm ~ 120cm, and in planting pit, use the fertilizer of 45kg ~ 55kg, backfill soil is 90cm ~ 110cm to the degree of depth of planting pit, waters depositing in water real.
S3, covering with plastic film
To the root pouring moisture of the grape ancient tree transplanted, to root soil 100cm described in moisture penetration, then centered by the root of described grape ancient tree, the soil surface at its place covers the quadrangle mulch film that the length of side is 2.5m; Need real by soil pressure by mulch film during covering with plastic film;
S4, bud picking process
Carry out bud picking process in the bud picking phase of described grape ancient tree, ensure that on described tendril, adjacent two new distances are slightly 20cm;
In step S4, described bud picking process refers to: comprise first time bud picking process and second time bud picking process; Described first time bud picking process was carried out at the rudiment initial stage, erase do not stay ending position rudiment, treble shoot, twin shoot accessory bud; Meanwhile, take weak stay strong, go closely to stay rare principle to carry out bud picking process to staying ending position; Wherein, described ending position of not staying is the position of grape ancient tree trunk below base portion 100cm;
Described second time bud picking process: carried out after 10 days of first time bud picking process, erases new rudiment, the weak bud of female branch base portion, the folder twig without space, position kryptoblast improperly, ensures that on described tendril, adjacent two new distances are slightly 20cm;
S5, repeatedly supplementary fertilizer
When described young sprout starts to grow, a small amount of root of fertilization mode to described grape ancient tree is repeatedly adopted to apply fertilizer.
In step S5, described a small amount of fertilization mode repeatedly referred to: every 1 week root fertilizer to described grape ancient tree, each fertilizing amount sum is that not transplant front described grape ancient tree in the fertilizing amount of budding period be total amount, and each topdressing amount is identical, topdresses to July 15 to July 20.
After step s 5, there is extermination of disease and insect pest process and Tipping process, be specially following steps:
The described extermination of disease and insect pest: sprayed every 10 days and carry out controlling disease with bactericide, spray insect-proof agent and carry out pest control; Described bactericide is that bordeaux mixture, Du Pont or enemy hold steadily, and described insect-proof agent is beta-cypermethrin 1500 times;
Described Tipping process: when newly slightly growing 10 leaves in ground, carry out pinching process, until the described pair newly slightly gone up slightly on grow two panels leaf time, carry out second time pinching process, to described pair slightly leaves 1 leaf.
In this specific embodiment, after described grape ancient tree transplanting survival, root system does not also recover completely, and tree body is weaker, ensure the rejuvenation of setting body, will guarantee that grape leave growth is normal, and can not endanger by ill worm; Meanwhile, overground part will carry out pinching in time, to control young sprout growth, reduces nutrient waste.
The object of described Tipping is to reduce new nutrient consumption slightly, ensureing the shoot maturation of grape ancient tree.
In this specific embodiment, between step S1 and step S2, there are following steps, before transplanting planting time then, the root of the grape ancient tree through cutting lateral root is sticked together after fixing with the wooden case of corresponding size, be transported to planting pit, plant.
By adopting technique scheme disclosed by the invention, obtain effect useful as follows:
The present invention is in grape ancient tree migration process, do not take existing disposable processing method of being all completely cured, but after half of first root of grape ancient tree being broken, applying fertilizer nourishes the section of root, break second half root after one month again, the inventive method grape ancient tree transplanting success reaches 100%, has filled up the blank of grape ancient tree implantation technique.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should look protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. the grape ancient tree trasplanting method that after transplanting, survival rate is high, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Be completely cured before S1, cultivation
Transplant June the previous year ~ July, to needing the grape ancient tree transplanted to carry out cutting lateral root, obtaining root and sticking together;
S2, plant after earthing and climb rattan process
Transplant planting time then, described is sticked together in the planting pit of planting and anticipating, and with soil, described planting pit is filled and led up, then cover the tendril of described grape ancient tree with soil, after described tendril rudiment, described tendril is fixed on climbing of putting up on rattan teapoy;
S3, covering with plastic film
To the tree root pouring moisture of described grape ancient tree, moisture is permeable soil 90cm ~ 110cm at least, then centered by the tree root of described grape ancient tree, covers at soil surface the square mulch film that the length of side is 2m ~ 3m;
S4, bud picking process
Carry out bud picking process in the bud picking phase of described grape ancient tree, on the tendril ensureing described grape ancient tree, adjacent two new distances are slightly 20cm ~ 25cm;
S5, repeatedly supplementary fertilizer
After bud picking process, a small amount of root of fertilization mode to described grape ancient tree is repeatedly adopted to apply fertilizer.
2. the grape ancient tree trasplanting method that after transplanting according to claim 1, survival rate is high, is characterized in that, in step S1, and described cutting lateral root, concrete operations are:
S1-1, centered by the tree root of described grape ancient tree, respectively standardized square frame on East, West, South, North four direction, described grape ancient tree tree root and the vertical range of each square frame near the limit of described tree root are 60cm ~ 100cm;
S1-2, for the first time cutting lateral root, be specially: the June 15 of 1 year was to June 30 before transplantation, select south and north to square frame, from square frame outer, the dressing furrow of wide 45cm ~ 50cm, dark 80cm ~ 120cm is dug in direction to grape ancient tree tree root, and all root systems cut off in dressing furrow, simultaneously arrange cystosepiment at dressing furrow away from the side of grape ancient tree tree root, the most backward dressing furrow backfill Nutrition Soil also waters;
S1-3, second time cutting lateral root, be specially: the July 15 of 1 year was to July 30 before transplantation, select east and west to square frame, from square frame outer, the dressing furrow of wide 45cm ~ 50cm, dark 80cm ~ 120cm is dug in direction to grape ancient tree tree root, and all root systems cut off in dressing furrow, simultaneously arrange cystosepiment at dressing furrow away from the side of grape ancient tree tree root, the most backward dressing furrow backfill Nutrition Soil also waters.
3. the grape ancient tree trasplanting method that after transplanting according to claim 2, survival rate is high, it is characterized in that, described Nutrition Soil comprises: 55 ~ 65 weight portion soil, 25 ~ 35 weight portion earthworm fertilizers and 5 ~ 15 weight portion fertilizers.
4. the grape ancient tree trasplanting method that after transplanting according to claim 1, survival rate is high, it is characterized in that, in step S2, described planting time refers to: annual March 15 was to April 30.
5. the grape ancient tree trasplanting method that after transplanting according to claim 1, survival rate is high, it is characterized in that, in step S2, described planting pit of anticipating refers to: dug according to the described size sticked together the planting pit that the degree of depth is 100cm ~ 120cm, and in planting pit, use the fertilizer of 45kg ~ 55kg, backfill soil is 90cm ~ 110cm to the degree of depth of planting pit, waters depositing in water real.
6. the grape ancient tree trasplanting method that after transplanting according to claim 1, survival rate is high, it is characterized in that, in step S4, described bud picking process refers to: comprise first time bud picking process and second time bud picking process; Described first time bud picking process was carried out at the rudiment initial stage, erase do not stay ending position rudiment, treble shoot, twin shoot accessory bud; Meanwhile, take weak stay strong, go closely to stay rare principle to carry out bud picking process to staying ending position;
Described second time bud picking process: carried out after 5 ~ 10 days of first time bud picking process, erases new rudiment, the weak bud of female branch base portion, the folder twig without space, position kryptoblast improperly, ensures to stay a young sprout every 20cm.
7. the grape ancient tree trasplanting method that after transplanting according to claim 1, survival rate is high, it is characterized in that, in step S5, described a small amount of fertilization mode repeatedly referred to: every 1 week root fertilizer to described grape ancient tree, each fertilizing amount sum is that not transplant front described grape ancient tree in the fertilizing amount of budding period be total amount, and each topdressing amount is identical, topdresses to July 15 to July 20.
8. the grape ancient tree trasplanting method that after transplanting according to claim 1, survival rate is high, it is characterized in that after step s 5, also there is maintenance process, described maintenance process is specially following steps:
The described extermination of disease and insect pest: sprayed every 10 ~ 15 days and carry out controlling disease with bactericide, spray insect-proof agent and carry out pest control; Described bactericide is that bordeaux mixture, Du Pont or enemy hold steadily, and described insect-proof agent is beta-cypermethrin 1500 times or very cool 600 times;
Described Tipping process: when newly slightly growing 10 leaves in ground, carry out pinching process, until the described pair newly slightly gone up slightly on grow two panels leaf time, carry out second time pinching process, to described pair slightly leaves 1 leaf.
9. the grape ancient tree trasplanting method that after transplanting according to claim 1, survival rate is high, it is characterized in that, there are following steps between step S1 and step S2, before transplanting planting time then, the root of the grape ancient tree through cutting lateral root is sticked together after fixing with the wooden case of corresponding size, be transported to planting pit, plant.
CN201410495637.2A 2014-09-24 2014-09-24 Transplanting method for old grapevine with high survival rate after transplantation Pending CN104381090A (en)

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105165542A (en) * 2015-09-10 2015-12-23 蚌埠市恒梅农业科技发展有限公司 High-yield method of grapes
CN105794582A (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-07-27 四川农业大学 Transplanting method capable of increasing survival rate of wild ancient tea trees
CN107466797A (en) * 2017-09-28 2017-12-15 房坤华 A kind of method for transplanting viny
CN108901582A (en) * 2018-09-04 2018-11-30 宾川县富鑫农产品开发有限责任公司 Grape root relief inspires technology
CN110249902A (en) * 2019-08-05 2019-09-20 山东省葡萄研究院 A kind of perennial grape high-survival rate method for transplanting not influencing Growth status

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CN103733948A (en) * 2013-12-04 2014-04-23 张家港市塘桥果艺园 Grape single-bud seedling cultivation and straight-cutting garden building method

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105165542A (en) * 2015-09-10 2015-12-23 蚌埠市恒梅农业科技发展有限公司 High-yield method of grapes
CN105794582A (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-07-27 四川农业大学 Transplanting method capable of increasing survival rate of wild ancient tea trees
CN105794582B (en) * 2016-05-19 2019-11-05 四川农业大学 A kind of method for transplanting improving wild ancient tea tree survival rate
CN107466797A (en) * 2017-09-28 2017-12-15 房坤华 A kind of method for transplanting viny
CN108901582A (en) * 2018-09-04 2018-11-30 宾川县富鑫农产品开发有限责任公司 Grape root relief inspires technology
CN110249902A (en) * 2019-08-05 2019-09-20 山东省葡萄研究院 A kind of perennial grape high-survival rate method for transplanting not influencing Growth status

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