CN102934603A - Asexual rapid propagation method of tea trees and root taking culture solution - Google Patents
Asexual rapid propagation method of tea trees and root taking culture solution Download PDFInfo
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- CN102934603A CN102934603A CN2012104243944A CN201210424394A CN102934603A CN 102934603 A CN102934603 A CN 102934603A CN 2012104243944 A CN2012104243944 A CN 2012104243944A CN 201210424394 A CN201210424394 A CN 201210424394A CN 102934603 A CN102934603 A CN 102934603A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000020334 white tea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011747 thiamine hydrochloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000344 thiamine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019190 thiamine hydrochloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 8
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- Y02P60/216—
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an asexual rapid propagation method which includes selecting and clipping cut spikes, immersing the cut spikes through hormone culture solution and root taking culture solution, temporary planting the cut spikes in nutrient soil for culture, finally conducting hardening-seedling on the cut spikes to obtain tea seedlings capable of being transplanted. The root taking culture solution is composed of various macroelements and microelements. Rooting rate of the cut spikes immersed by the culture solution reaches high to over 85%. The quick propagation method is short in seedling raising period, high in survival rate, capable of being used for repeated production and suitable for large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop cultivating technology, specifically the asexual quick-breeding method of a kind of tea tree reaches the culture of rootage liquid that is used for method.
Background technology
The white tea in Mount Huang (Camellia sinensis L.) is the mutation in the tealeaves colony of Mount Huang, is at present in Shexian County, Huangshan, Anhui Province and the extensive a kind of tea strain of plantation of periphery.At present, short fringe cubsoil cuttage (or without the cubsoil single node cutting) technology of tea tree is adopted in the tea tree vegetative propagation usually, and the production cycle was at least more than 1 year, and the cycle is long, and the survival rate climate impact of cuttage seeding is larger, the nursery wholely, manage and protect the cost height, time-consuming.Simultaneously, in whole ground, the nursery process, need dig and use the soil disinfection medicament, serious to the earth's surface vegetation deterioration in the production process, easily cause water and soil loss and environmental pollution.
How to overcome natural conditions to the impact of cottage propagation, the artificial regulatory rearing condition improves survival rate, shorten the production cycle, and be convenient to carry out batch production production, the demand that satisfies rapidly the annual several hundred million strain tea shoots of China is actual, is practical problem in the urgent need to address in the current production practices.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for fear of the weak point that prior art exists, and the asexual quick-breeding method of a kind of tea tree is provided and is used for the culture of rootage liquid of method, and the method seedling raise period shortens, and rooting rate is up to more than 85%, suitable batch production production.
Technical solution problem of the present invention adopts following scheme:
The asexual fast numerous culture of rootage liquid of a kind of tea tree is characterized in that, contains NH in every liter of culture fluid
4NO
3825mg, KNO
3950mg, CaCl
22H
2O 220mg, KH
2PO
485mg, MgSO
47H
2O 185mg, MnSO
44H
2O 22.3mg, ZnSO
44H
2O 8.6mg, H
3BO
36.2mg, KI 0.83mg, Na
2MoO
42H2O 0.25mg, CuSO
45H
2O0.025mg, CoCl
26H
2O 0.025mg, Na
2EDTA 37.25mg, FeSO
47H
2O 27.85mg, Al
2(SO
4)
310.8mg solvent is water, described medium pH value is 5.0-5.5.
The asexual quick-breeding method of a kind of tea tree comprises selection and the clip of plugged ear, and its characteristics are, also comprise the steps:
(1) the plugged ear root behind the clip is immersed in contains somatotropin and Cobastab
1Soak 12-24h in the fringe solution; Describedly soak that NAA concentration is 100mgL in the fringe solution
-1, thiamine hydrochloride concentration is 0.4mgL
-1
(2) will its root be immersed in culture fluid through the plugged ear of step (1) immersion treatment and cultivate, cultivation temperature is 20-25 ℃, changes a culture fluid in every 15-20 days, when the callus of plugged ear base portion connects into ring-type, graininess, and when forming fibrous root more than 5, turn seedling and cultivate; Described culture fluid is culture of rootage liquid claimed in claim 1;
(3) step (2) water planting is taken root plugged ear cuttage is cultivated to Nutrition Soil, uses sunshade net and film to cover after the cultivation;
(4) in Nutrition Soil, cultivate 3-4 after individual month, be chosen in the overcast and rainy sunshade net and the film that cover directly taken off and carry out hardening; The hardening phase is 1 month;
(5) cuttage seeding that obtains after the hardening just can be transplanted, and before the transplanting, cuttage seeding is pruned, and stays high 18-20cm, and balled transplanting.
Nutrition Soil in the described step (3) carries out proportioning by perlite, turfy soil according to volume ratio 1:2 and obtains.
In the described step (3), between the Nutrition Soil culture period, in front 2 weeks, watered once in every 2-3 days; In 3-4 week, watered once in every 4-5 days.
During the Nutrition Soil cultivation of described step (3), apply fertilizer, described fertilising refers to adopt the urea of mass fraction 0.3%, 0.3%KH
2PO
4Carry out foliage-spray, sprayed 1 time in every 7-10 days; About 2 months, when plugged ear forms netted root system, adopt mass fraction 1% urea to drench filling, consumption is 15-20kg/667m
2
What described plugged ear was selected is the branch with 2 leaf buds of lifes in 1 year, described branch be young sprout harden gradually and newly stem become the branch that bronzing, stem are lignification or semi-lignified more than 1/3.
Described hardening selection of time was carried out in April or November.
Described tea tree is the white tea kind in Mount Huang.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
The present invention compares with the conventional short fringe cubsoil cuttage of tea tree (or without cubsoil single node cutting), its tea shoot of its production cycle goes out the garden time, and only (cuttage of the short fringe cubsoil of conventional tea tree was at least 1 year in individual month for 6-7, rooting rate and survival rate all are lower than 80%), seedling raise period shortens half, and rooting rate is up to more than 85%, survival rate is more than 80%, suitable batch production production.
2, cultivation method of the present invention has the following advantages: one, culture of rootage adopts the suspension culture mode, and its condition of culture is easy to regulate, and has avoided the natural conditions that winter-spring season low temperature, summer high temperature etc. in the cuttage of land for growing field crops are unfavorable for the plugged ear cuttage root-taking; The 2nd, can shorten the nursery and manage and protect time 5-6 month, every mu of nursery is saved at least and is managed and protected expense 400-500 unit; The 3rd, the water planting transplantation of seedlings nursery of taking root need not spreading subsoil, can reduce water and soil loss and protection of the environment, and saves the expense 1000-1500 unit of every mu of spreading subsoil; The 4th, can carry out the anniversary duplication of production, the demand of more than one hundred million strain tea shoots has stronger realistic meaning when satisfying the transformation of newly-built and old tea place, the annual tens thousand of mu of tea places of China.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, Fig. 2: albefaction sprouting and young sprout figure that the white tea in Mount Huang is sprouted;
Fig. 3: the white tea plugged ear in Mount Huang is the root growth figure of water planting in the time of 25 days in nutrient solution;
Fig. 4, Fig. 5: the white tea plugged ear in Mount Huang is 40 days root growth figure of water planting water planting in nutrient solution.
Below by embodiment technical solution of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment
1, configuration cuttage root-taking culture fluid
The cuttage root-taking culture fluid is specifically filled a prescription: contain NH in every liter of culture fluid
4NO
3(825mgL
-1), KNO
3(950mgL
-1), CaCl
22H
2O(220mgL
-1), KH
2PO
4(85mgL
-1), MgSO
47H
2O(185mgL
-1), MnSO
44H
2O(22.3mgL
-1), ZnSO
44H
2O(8.6mgL
-1), H
3BO
3(6.2mgL
-1), KI(0.83mgL
-1), Na
2MoO
42H2O(0.25mgL
-1), CuSO
45H
2O(0.025mgL
-1), CoCl
26H
2O(0.025mgL
-1), Na
2EDTA (37.25mgL
-1), FeSO
47H
2O (27.85mgL
-1), Al
2(SO
4)
3(10.8mgL
-1).
2, configuration somatotropin soaks fringe solution
With a small amount of mass concentration 95% alcohol dissolving α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), being settled to concentration with distilled water again is 1mgL first
-1, in 4 ℃ of refrigerators, store in order to using.Before plugged ear is soaked root, according to NAA 100mgL
-1Somatotropin concentration adds 0.4mgL
-1Thiamine hydrochloride (Cobastab
1), soak the fringe solution for standby with the pure water configuration.
3, plugged ear somatotropin soaks the fringe processing
Get the cystosepiment that thickness is 0.5-1cm, with aperture 0.5cm, spacing 1.5cm punches in the above.Clip 2 leaf plugged ears will be inserted in the foam plate hole with the plugged ear of batch clip, with cystosepiment plugged ear root down, swim in and will be containing the 12-24h in the fringe solution that soaks of somatotropin and Cobastab.
4, cuttage rooting is processed
Packing mill water culture nutrient solution in each water culture pond keeps the degree of depth of culture fluid in the pond to be no less than 3cm.Take out through the white tea plugged ear cystosepiment that is inserted with after the somatotropin processing, put into culture fluid and cultivate under room temperature (being not less than 20 ℃), every 15-20d changes a culture fluid, can take root after 30-40 days, its rooting rate can reach more than 85%, and average every short fringe quantity of taking root is the 5-8 bar.When the callus of observation plugged ear base portion connects into ring-type, graininess, can turn seedling and cultivate.
5, configuration Nutrition Soil
Perlite, turfy soil are carried out proportioning according to the ratio of volume 1:2, are the KMnO of 1:1000 with mass ratio
4Solution is sterilized to compost, and Nutrition Soil is piled heap, covers plastic foil, places to re-use later in 24 hours.
6, turn seedling
Nutrition Soil after the sterilization is divided and installs in the nutritive cube (can use plastics or paper material), every alms bowl be filled to 4 minutes full, require tightly not loosely, the centre is convex.The water planting plugged ear of taking root is contacted with Nutrition Soil gently, and the attached soil while rotating is behind the subsidiary Nutrition Soil of plugged ear root, mention plugged ear top, allow root system naturally unfold, be placed in the nutritive cube, add Nutrition Soil until fill nutritive cube, then water normal root water one time, water will irrigate.
In this process, should according to circumstances in time add Nutrition Soil, avoid simultaneously root system to twine, in order to avoid affect the plugged ear growth.When nutritive cube is placed, require the plugged ear direction blade consistent, and will avoid blade mutually to hide.For preventing high temperature or low temperature, turn that plugged ear behind the seedling will be carried out sunshade net and film covers.
Turn behind the seedling in 2 weeks, watered once in every 2-3 days; In 3-4 week, watered once in every 4-5 days; Take the circumstances into consideration after 1 month to water.It is too much unsuitable to water, and the soil layer surface is moistening getting final product slightly.
7, fertilising
Turn seedling after 7 days, can adopt 0.3% urea, 0.3%KH
2PO
4Carry out foliage-spray, sprayed 1 time in every 7-10 days.About 2 months, when plugged ear forms netted root system basically, can adopt 1% urea to drench filling, consumption is 15-20kg/667m
2
8, the extermination of disease and insect pest
Seedling stage, Major Pests had the tea aphid, and Major Diseases has anthracnose, red leaf spot and root rot.Insect pest can be adopted and match pellet, Uranus control, and disease can adopt the medical treatments such as jinggangmeisu, carbendazim, carries out in conjunction with measures such as ventilation, increase illumination and wet downs simultaneously.Simultaneously, note in time removing weeds.
9, hardening
Through about 3-4 month cultivation, plugged ear can form preferably netted root system.The tea shoot of water planting suited to practice seedling after April or November.Practice seedling and be chosen in overcast and rainy carrying out, can directly take sunshade net and the plastic foil on top, solarium off.Practice between seedling stage and need in time keep the skin wet.Practice seedling and need 1 month approximately.
10, transplant or sell cuttage seeding
Before the transplanting, prune cuttage seeding, stay high 18-20cm, and guarantee that tea shoot can balled transplanting.If vanning is sold, answer layering to be placed in the special plastic dress seedling case, in order to avoid the nursery stock extruding is impaired.
Claims (8)
1. the asexual fast numerous culture of rootage liquid of tea tree is characterized in that, contains NH in every liter of culture fluid
4NO
3825mg, KNO
3950mg, CaCl
22H
2O 220mg, KH
2PO
485mg, MgSO
47H
2O 185mg, MnSO
44H
2O 22.3mg, ZnSO
44H
2O 8.6mg, H
3BO
36.2mg, KI 0.83mg, Na
2MoO
42H2O 0.25mg, CuSO
45H
2O0.025mg, CoCl
26H
2O 0.025mg, Na
2EDTA 37.25mg, FeSO
47H
2O 27.85mg, Al
2(SO
4)
310.8mg solvent is water, described medium pH value is 5.0-5.5.
2. asexual quick-breeding method of tea tree comprises it is characterized in that selection and the clip of plugged ear, also comprises the steps:
(1) the plugged ear root behind the clip is immersed in contains somatotropin and Cobastab
1Soak 12-24h in the fringe solution; Describedly soak that NAA concentration is 100mgL in the fringe solution
-1, thiamine hydrochloride concentration is 0.4mgL
-1
(2) will its root be immersed in culture fluid through the plugged ear of step (1) immersion treatment and cultivate, cultivation temperature is 20-25 ℃, changes a culture fluid in every 15-20 days, when the callus of plugged ear base portion connects into ring-type, graininess, and when forming fibrous root more than 5, turn seedling and cultivate; Described culture fluid is culture of rootage liquid claimed in claim 1;
(3) step (2) water planting is taken root plugged ear cuttage is cultivated to Nutrition Soil, uses sunshade net and film to cover after the cultivation;
(4) in Nutrition Soil, cultivate 3-4 after individual month, be chosen in the overcast and rainy sunshade net and the film that cover directly taken off and carry out hardening; The hardening phase is 1 month;
(5) cuttage seeding that obtains after the hardening just can be transplanted, and before the transplanting, cuttage seeding is pruned, and stays high 18-20cm, and balled transplanting.
3. the asexual quick-breeding method of a kind of tea tree according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the Nutrition Soil in the described step (3) carries out proportioning by perlite, turfy soil according to volume ratio 1:2 and obtains.
4. the asexual quick-breeding method of a kind of tea tree according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the described step (3), between the Nutrition Soil culture period, in front 2 weeks, waters once in every 2-3 days; In 3-4 week, watered once in every 4-5 days.
5. the asexual quick-breeding method of a kind of tea tree according to claim 2 is characterized in that, during the Nutrition Soil cultivation of described step (3), applies fertilizer, and described fertilising refers to adopt the urea of mass fraction 0.3%, 0.3%KH
2PO
4Carry out foliage-spray, sprayed 1 time in every 7-l0 days; About 2 months, when plugged ear forms netted root system, adopt mass fraction 1% urea to drench filling, consumption is 15-20kg/667m
2
6. the asexual quick-breeding method of a kind of tea tree according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, what described plugged ear was selected is the branch with 2 leaf buds of lifes in 1 year, described branch be young sprout harden gradually and newly stem become the branch that bronzing, stem are lignification or semi-lignified more than 1/3.
7. the asexual quick-breeding method of a kind of tea tree according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described hardening selection of time was carried out in April or November.
8. the asexual quick-breeding method of a kind of tea tree according to claim 2 is characterized in that, tea tree is the white tea kind in Mount Huang.
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| CN103460926A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-25 | 余庆县玉龙茶业有限公司 | Cultivation method of tea varieties |
| CN103518601A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-01-22 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Cultivation method applicable to tea tree cutting wood cultivation boxes |
| CN104303969A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-28 | 临沂大学 | Chinese rose water planting cutting propagation method |
| CN104429435A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-03-25 | 鹿寨县大乐岭茶业有限公司 | Method for culturing tea seedlings |
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| CN109247147A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-22 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of method that tea tree rapid cuttage is taken root |
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| CN114391382A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-04-26 | 贵州省农业科学院 | Hormone-induced rapid tea tree cutting rooting method |
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