CN102365918A - Flue-cured tobacco mulch film well cellar type seedling transplanting method - Google Patents
Flue-cured tobacco mulch film well cellar type seedling transplanting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102365918A CN102365918A CN2011102031975A CN201110203197A CN102365918A CN 102365918 A CN102365918 A CN 102365918A CN 2011102031975 A CN2011102031975 A CN 2011102031975A CN 201110203197 A CN201110203197 A CN 201110203197A CN 102365918 A CN102365918 A CN 102365918A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a flue-cured tobacco mulch film well cellar type seedling transplanting method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing soil, forming ridge and coating a film; (2) selecting a transplantation period; (3) digging a transplanting well cellar; (4) transplanting tobacco seedlings; (5) spraying root-fixing water and fertilizing; and (6) filling soil and sealing the film. The method is a technical revolution of flue-cured tobacco mulch film cultivation and has the advantages of solving the problems caused by weak tobacco seedlings in the optimal transplanting period in a flue-cured tobacco cultivation district, the problem that weather is drought in the transplanting period so as not to be beneficial to transplantation, the problem caused by irregular transplantation, the problem that transplantation schedule is slow and the problems that seedling-returning period is long and the uniformity and consistency of field tobacco plants are poor, and also reducing the generation of aphid-transmitted virus diseases in the field period. The method is suitable for cultivation of crops such as flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, sun-cured tobacco and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the tobacco cultivation method, specifically, belong to tobacco seedling transplanting method.
Background technology
As everyone knows, the cigarette seedling that tobacco seed is cultivated need be transplanted in cigarette ground and gone, and the cigarette transplantation of seedlings is the important step of tobacco planting.
Traditional cigarette transplantation of seedlings, higher to cigarette seedling competency profiling, consuming time taking a lot of work made slow progress.And the transplanting of tobacco seedling; New solution is few; By retrieval; Relevant one Chinese patent application part only has No. 200910102961.2 " a kind of flue-cured tobacco transplanting method of expelling and killing blackcutworm " and No. 201010106099.5 " fertilizer transplanting method for tobacco cultivation ", and these technical schemes have its effect, but can not solve accelerate the transplanting progress, shorten transplant the back also seedling stage, arid climate also can concentrate the survival rate of transplantings, the weak transplanting of seedling also high, the problem of assurance field cigarette strain uniformity.For the technological progress of tobacco cultivation, people are also constantly exploring new transplanting method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide flue-cured tobacco mulch film well cellar for storing things formula seedling transplanting method, with overcome traditional transplantation technique consuming time take a lot of work, make slow progress, plant the back also seedling stage long, to defectives such as cigarette seedling competency profiling height, promote the technological progress of tobacco cultivation.
The flue-cured tobacco mulch film well cellar for storing things formula seedling transplanting method that the inventor provides comprises following operation:
(1) whole ground, ridging, overlay film: do well before the transplanting wholely, ridging, will macerate the farmyard manure of system, special-purpose base manure bar imposes at the bottom of the ridge, saturating rain to be fallen, covering with plastic film when soil moisture content is good;
(2) select the transplanting phase: when selecting cigarette district temperature to stablize through 13 ℃ is the transplanting phase;
(3) beat and transplant Jing Jiao: transplant before the cigarette seedling on the body of the ridge of overlay film the center and with instrument well-digging cellar for storing things, well-digging cellar for storing things, transplant well cellar for storing things well head and be garden shape by the transplanting spacing in the rows of confirming, well head diameter 8 ㎝, the well cellar for storing things degree of depth for the top of transplanting back cigarette seedling natural height apart from about 2 ㎝ of well head;
(4) transplant the cigarette seedling: vertically carrying the cigarette seedling leaf, shoot root is downward, vertically is put in the cigarette seedling in the well;
(5) drench normal root water and topdressing: after Jing Jiao is gone in the cigarette transplantation of seedlings, at once with 0.5% the special use liquid that topdresses, along borehole wall pouring normal root water, about the about 160mL of every well; Transplanted back 7 days, 0.5% the special use liquid that topdresses topdresses along the borehole wall again; Transplanted back about 25 days, and, the branch that topdresses that is left was spreaded manuer in holes into, and the good seal hole of topdressing along the following hole of topdressing of beating of blade tip of both sides, ridge body center;
(6) banket, seal film: when the cigarette seedling grows well head, tobacco seedling growth point is filled in well with fine earth during apart from well head 3 ㎝, and with the film mouth with the soil sealing; Afterwards, get into Routine Management.
In the above-mentioned first step, said time of site preparation is for transplanting preceding 20 days; Said ridge bottom width 90 ㎝, high 25～30 ㎝; The body requirement of said ridge is full, the ridge face is in small, broken bits.
In above-mentioned the 3rd step, said well-digging cellar for storing things tool body is a pole, its top jug, and there is the shovel mouth bottom.
In above-mentioned the 5th step, the said special use liquid that topdresses is NH
4 +: K
2O=15: 30 nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer mass fraction is 0.5% the aqueous solution; The said hole of topdressing is about dark 10 ㎝, diameter 2 ㎝.
The inventor points out: for improving ridging quality and ridging progress, ridging can adopt the butterfly tie ridger to accomplish, and said butterfly tie ridger is documented among one Chinese patent application number 201120254521.1 files; Also can be by the ridging requirement, the artificial completion.
Flue-cured tobacco mulch film well of the present invention cellar for storing things formula seedling transplanting method is the once technical change of flue-cured tobacco film-mulching cultivation, and its advantage is:
(1) this method for transplanting is healthy and strong not high with size requirements to the cigarette seedling; Can realize that high, medium and low height above sea level cigarette district concentrates transplanting, thereby solve the strong production problem that is caused of the best transplanting phase cigarette seedling in cigarette district, significantly reduce a large amount of facility inputs of present stage for cultivation needed heating in strong sprout, light filling; Realize the transformation of seedling raising manners; Make simple to operateization of growing seedlings, cut leaf less 2～3 times, also reduced susceptible risk because of leaf-cutting;
(2) this method for transplanting can solve the problem of the unfavorable transplanting of transplanting phase weather arid; Reason is that plastic mulching itself has the effect that intercepts water evaporates, regulates water balance in the ridge; Plant back cigarette seedling in addition and be in the well cellar for storing things of suitable growth environmental condition, Jing Jiao has the effect of heat and moisture preserving, the evaporation in the well cellar for storing things of the soil moisture when temperature is high in the body of ridge; Thereby guarantee cigarette seedling moisture, favourable cigarette seedling becomes to live and root of hair; When atmosphere was lowered the temperature, Jing Jiao added mulch film and has insulation effect, and the cigarette seedling can not receive low temperature effect; When rainfall, the rainwater that well head gets into can permeate through shaft bottom soil fully, can not cause and catchment in the well and damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging;
(3) this method for transplanting is planted the cigarette seedling in ridge body well cellar for storing things; Can solve conventional " the high pin seedling " that brings lack of standardization, " revealing the bar cigarette " problem of transplanting; Realized that thoroughly the cigarette seedling plants deeply; When the conventional high stem that requires can not be cultivated in the best transplanting phase because of natural conditions in the stage of growing seedlings strong sprout,, strong seedling cultivation, the specification requirement of planting deeply be moved in the well cellar for storing things in the big field body accomplish through this method for transplanting;
(4) this method for transplanting can effectively solve transplanting progress problem slowly, improves 4～5 times of work efficiency than conventional method for transplanting, realizes subtracting the worker and falls this, concentrates and transplant, and shortens transplanting time greatly;
(5) this method for transplanting can solve conventional transplant the back also seedling stage long, field cigarette strain uniformity difference problem, thereby improve the neat and consistent property of land for growing field crops cigarette strain;
(6) the cigarette seedling of this method for transplanting growth in the well cellar for storing things in early stage, the aphid that has avoided transplanting early stage migrates to the biography poison chance of cigarette seedling, thereby reduces the generation that the field period aphid passes virus disease.
The present invention is applicable to the cultivation of crops such as flue-cured tobacco, burley tobaccos, airing cigarette.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for transplanting the seedling nest sketch map of Jing Jiao, and Fig. 2 is for playing the sketch map of nest device, and among the figure, 1 be the butterfly ridge, and 2 be overlay film, and 3 is the seedling nest, 4 be the ridge at the bottom of, 5 is handle, 6 is to shovel mouth.
Embodiment
2010 adopt 30 mu of the inventive method demonstrations in Song Tao county, Tongren Prefecture, Guizhou Province, and effect is obvious; 2011 in the Tongren Prefecture Song Tao county, Yin Jiang county adopt 2.2 ten thousand mu of the inventive method popularizing areas, effect is obvious.Specific practice is:
At first, transplant and did whole ground, ridging in preceding 20 days well, will macerate the farmyard manure of system, special-purpose base manure bar imposes at the bottom of the ridge, ridge body bottom width 90 ㎝, high 25～30 ㎝ require that the ridge body is full, the ridge face is in small, broken bits, saturating rain to be fallen, covering with plastic film when soil moisture content is good.
Then, be the cigarette transplantation of seedlings phase when selecting cigarette district temperature to stablize through 13 ℃, the Tongren Prefecture is April 15～30 best transplanting phase.
Afterwards, the center, is transplanted well cellar for storing things well head and is garden shape with instrument well-digging cellar for storing things, well-digging cellar for storing things by the transplanting spacing in the rows of confirming on the body of the ridge of overlay film, well head diameter 8 ㎝, the well cellar for storing things degree of depth for the top of transplanting back cigarette seedling natural height apart from well head 2 ㎝, be generally 16～20cm.Said well-digging cellar for storing things tool body is a pole, its top jug, and there is the shovel mouth bottom.
After this, vertically carrying the cigarette seedling leaf, shoot root is downward, the cigarette seedling vertically is put in transplants the cigarette seedling in the well.
After Jing Jiao is gone in the cigarette transplantation of seedlings, at once with 0.5% the special use liquid that topdresses, along borehole wall pouring normal root water, about the about 160mL of every well; Transplanted back 7 days, 0.5% the aqueous solution special use liquid that topdresses topdresses along the borehole wall again; Transplanted back about 25 days, along the blade tip of both sides, ridge body center beat about dark 10 ㎝ down, the hole of topdressing about wide 2 ㎝, the branch that topdresses under taking advantage of is spreaded manuer in holes into, and the good seal hole of topdressing.The used special use liquid that topdresses is NH
4 +: K
2O=15: 30 nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer mass fraction is 0.5% the aqueous solution.
At last, when the cigarette seedling grows well head, tobacco seedling growth point is filled in the well with fine earth during apart from well head 3 ㎝, and with the film mouth with the soil sealing; Afterwards, get into Routine Management.
Claims (4)
1. flue-cured tobacco mulch film well is stored formula seedling transplanting method, it is characterized in that this method comprises:
(1) whole ground, ridging, overlay film: do well before the transplanting wholely, ridging, will macerate the farmyard manure of system, special-purpose base manure bar imposes at the bottom of the ridge, saturating rain to be fallen, covering with plastic film when soil moisture content is good;
(2) select the transplanting phase: when selecting cigarette district temperature to stablize through 13 ℃ is the transplanting phase;
(3) beat and transplant Jing Jiao: transplant before the cigarette seedling on the body of the ridge of overlay film the center and with instrument well-digging cellar for storing things, well-digging cellar for storing things, transplant well cellar for storing things well head and be garden shape by the transplanting spacing in the rows of confirming, well head diameter 8 ㎝, the well cellar for storing things degree of depth for the top of transplanting back cigarette seedling natural height apart from about 2 ㎝ of well head;
(4) transplant the cigarette seedling: vertically carrying the cigarette seedling leaf, shoot root is downward, vertically is put in the cigarette seedling in the well;
(5) drench normal root water and topdressing: after Jing Jiao is gone in the cigarette transplantation of seedlings, at once with 0.5% the special use liquid that topdresses, along borehole wall pouring normal root water, about the about 160mL of every well; Transplanted back 7 days, 0.5% the special use liquid that topdresses topdresses along the borehole wall again; Transplanted back about 25 days, and, the branch that topdresses that is left was spreaded manuer in holes into, and the good seal hole of topdressing along the following hole of topdressing of beating of blade tip of both sides, ridge body center;
(6) banket, seal film: when the cigarette seedling grows well head, tobacco seedling growth point is filled in well with fine earth during apart from well head 3 ㎝, and with the film mouth with the soil sealing; Afterwards, get into Routine Management.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that in the first step, and said time of site preparation is for transplanting preceding 20 days; Said ridge bottom width 90 ㎝, high 25～30 ㎝; The body requirement of said ridge is full, the ridge face is in small, broken bits.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that in the 3rd step, and said well-digging cellar for storing things tool body is a pole, its top jug, and there is the shovel mouth bottom.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that in the 5th step, and the said special use liquid that topdresses is NH
4 +: K
2O=15: 30 nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer mass fraction is 0.5% the aqueous solution; The said hole of topdressing is about dark 10 ㎝, diameter 2 ㎝.
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| CN 201110203197 CN102365918B (en) | 2011-07-20 | 2011-07-20 | Flue-cured tobacco mulch film well cellar type seedling transplanting method |
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| CN 201110203197 CN102365918B (en) | 2011-07-20 | 2011-07-20 | Flue-cured tobacco mulch film well cellar type seedling transplanting method |
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| CN102365918A true CN102365918A (en) | 2012-03-07 |
| CN102365918B CN102365918B (en) | 2013-08-21 |
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| CN102726157A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-10-17 | 中国烟草总公司贵州省公司 | Mulch-film plant-spacing transplanting method for flue-cured tobacco |
| CN103081710A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-05-08 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Tobacco half-film-covering cultivation method |
| CN103314766A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2013-09-25 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco cup containing matrix seed direct sowing culture method and paper cup direct sowing carrier |
| CN103416205A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2013-12-04 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco open field culture round hole type transplanting method |
| CN103430679A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2013-12-11 | 中国烟草总公司重庆市公司丰都分公司 | Plastic film fertilizing method for flue-cured tobacco |
| CN103460856A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2013-12-25 | 中国烟草总公司重庆市公司酉阳分公司 | Transplanting and perforating device for flue-cured tobaccos in upland fields and transplanting method of transplanting and perforating device |
| CN103460961A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2013-12-25 | 中国烟草总公司重庆市公司酉阳分公司 | Method for transplanting flue-cured tobacco in upland field |
| CN103477850A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-01 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Covering method and structure for degradable film of flue-cured tobacco ridge culture |
| CN103858652A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-06-18 | 安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司 | Flue-cured tobacco two-stage type transplanting method under large-scale planting condition |
| CN104285654A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-21 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | High-quality flue-cured tobacco root cultivation method |
| CN104303774A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-01-28 | 湖北省烟草公司十堰市公司 | Culturing method of sun-cured tobacco |
| CN104620742A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-05-20 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | System for transplanting seedlings under cap |
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| CN104823677A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-08-12 | 黔南州烟草公司惠水县分公司 | Drought-resistant tobacco seedling transplanting method based on two times of water spraying before and after pit digging |
| CN104956891A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-07 | 湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司 | Under-film well cellar type seedling transplant method of cured tobacco |
| CN105075639A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-11-25 | 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 | Well cellar type growth-promoting transplanting method for tobaccos |
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| CN105766360A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-07-20 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司凤冈县分公司 | Well cellar transplanting structure and method capable of improving drought resistance and preventing tobacco seedlings from being scalded |
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| CN105766360A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-07-20 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司凤冈县分公司 | Well cellar transplanting structure and method capable of improving drought resistance and preventing tobacco seedlings from being scalded |
| CN108782098A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-13 | 云南农业大学 | One grow tobacco seedling drought resisting heat preservation early growth and quick tiller cultural method |
| CN108901737A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-30 | 山东临沂烟草有限公司 | Water makes method well cellar method for transplanting and its dedicated well cellar maker |
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| CN110089381B (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2021-12-10 | 湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州公司 | Membrane underground pit type tobacco seedling transplanting method |
| CN113079783A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-07-09 | 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 | Water, carbon, fertilizer and pesticide coupled flue-cured tobacco fertilization method |
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