CN101584262A - 用于变速驱动器和感应器的冷却系统 - Google Patents
用于变速驱动器和感应器的冷却系统 Download PDFInfo
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
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Abstract
提供一种塑料的、液体冷却式变速驱动器或感应器。该冷却装置给元件提供轻质、节省空间、无腐蚀的冷却,以及给模块提供安装区域。冷却装置可以安装到感应器的磁芯上以吸收由磁芯损耗所产生的热。
Description
相关专利申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2007年1月22日提交的美国临时申请No.60/885,932的利益。
背景技术
本申请总体涉及对电子元件进行冷却。更具体地,本申请涉及用于变速驱动器和感应器的冷却系统。
用于加热、通风、空调和制冷(HVAC&R)应用的变速驱动器(VSD)可包括整流器或转换器、DC线路以及逆变器。利用电流源逆变器技术的变速驱动器通常利用液体冷却式感应器。中压变速驱动器也可以利用液体冷却式感应器。
当使用液体冷却式线圈感应器时,线圈导体可能是已被压缩成椭圆形的铜管。冷却剂直接穿过感应器管道循环,从而要求使用去离子水以避免将铜镀出到冷却介质中。因为冷却剂与感应器管道以及作为冷却系统一部分的各种其他元件相接触,所以去离子冷却回路虑及在需要冷却的各电气元件之间良好的电绝缘。
除了上面讨论的有关VSD和感应器的问题之外,在过去,功率组件(power assembly)设计又大又重。它们利用铝电解电容器,该铝电解电容器具有与液体电解质和密封件的使用相关联的固有消耗机制。铝电解电容器物理上是笨重的且因其圆柱形形状而难以安装。散热器由铜或铝材料组成。当铝用在其中铜元件也与冷却流体相接触的闭环、不受抑制冷却系统时,它引起腐蚀问题。甚至在使用抑制流体时,该抑制流体也有已知寿命且需要周期性定期维护。这些功率组件设计,由于其重量相当大,已在因振动而发生的绝缘栅双极晶体管(IGBT)模块内引线接合故障方面显示出弱点。由于在散热器和薄片汇流条(laminated busbar)之间的温度变化而引起的功率/热循环,该弱点也是普遍的,该散热器安装IGBT模块,该薄片汇流条与该IGBT模块电连接在一起。功率组件通常需要金属框架,在该金属框架中插入有电容器。IGBT功率模块(power module)通常安装在散热器上,该散热器通常附接到金属框架上。最后,薄片汇流条组件通常布置在该组件的顶部,并且使用螺钉和夹子来将该组件结合在一起作为一个子组件,这增加了该设计的体积和重量。
所公开的系统和/或方法的预期优点满足这些需要中的一个或多个或者提供其他有利特征。其他特征和优点根据本说明书会变得显而易见。所公开的教导扩展到那些落入权利要求的范围内的实施方案,而不管这些实施方案是否实现上述需要中的一个或多个。
发明内容
一个实施方案包括一种用于冷却电子元件的塑料冷却系统,该塑料冷却系统具有:基体(base);冷却坑,其形成在基体的顶部中且在顶部开口;进给通道,其形成在基体中用于接收待被引到冷却坑的冷却流体;排泄通道,其形成在基体中,冷却流体通过该排泄通道从冷却坑被带走;冷却坑入口,其形成在冷却坑中且与进给通道连通;以及冷却坑出口,其形成在冷却坑中,与冷却坑入口相对且与排泄通道连通。相对于坑以及冷却坑入口和出口的尺寸和流动特性,进给通道足够大,使得当冷却流体流过冷却装置时,跨越进给通道的压力降显著小于跨越坑的压力降。
另一个实施方案包括一种用于具有VSD系统的变速驱动器系统的塑料冷却系统,该VSD系统具有:转换器级,其连接到提供输入AC电压的AC电源;DC线路,其连接到转换器级;以及逆变器级,其连接到DC线路。该塑料冷却系统还包括一用于将变速驱动器系统中的元件冷却的冷却剂系统。该冷却剂系统包括塑料冷却装置,该塑料冷却装置被构造为接收多个用于接合和固定电子元件的紧固件。
又一个实施方案包括一种用于感应器的塑料冷却系统,该感应器具有带磁芯和线圈的感应器。该冷却系统也具有与磁芯热连通的散热器。在冷却系统中的散热器中的液体流动吸收由磁芯和线圈损耗所产生的热。
在本说明书中所描述的实施方案的某些优点为感应器的尺寸、重量以及成本减小,以及感应器的线圈也将到磁芯的热传导冷却。
替换的示例性实施方案涉及其他特征以及特征的组合,如可能在权利要求中一般地陈述的。
附图说明
图1A和1B为总体系统结构的实施方案的示意图。
图2A和2B为变速驱动器的实施方案的示意图。
图3为制冷系统的示意图。
图4为塑料冷却装置的一个实施方案的平面图。
图5为塑料冷却装置的贯穿图4的线3-3截取的横截面图。
图7为塑料冷却装置的贯穿图4的线4-4截取的横截面图。
图6为示出图4的塑料冷却装置的坑和O型环的平面图。
图8为示出坑和O型环的第二实施方案的平面图。
图9为薄膜电容器、塑料冷却装置以及相关联的安装元件的图解。
图11为五腿磁芯液体冷却式感应器的图解。
图10为五腿磁芯液体冷却式感应器的剖面图。
图12为对图11的五腿磁芯液体冷却式感应器的CFD分析的图解。
具体实施方式
图1A和1B总体示出系统结构。AC电源102为变速驱动器(VSD)104供电,该变速驱动器(VSD)104给一个电动机106(见图1A)或多个电动机106(见图1B)提供动力。电动机106可以用来驱动制冷或冷却器系统的相应压缩机(总体见图3)。AC电源102从存在于某处的AC电力网或配电系统给VSD 104提供单相或多相(例如,三相)固定电压和固定频率的交流(AC)电。AC电源102优选地可以根据相应AC电力网以50赫兹(Hz)或60Hz的线频给VSD 104供应200伏(V)、230V、380V、460V或600V的AC电压或线电压。
VSD 104从AC电源102接收具有特定固定线电压和固定线频的AC电,并以期望电压和期望频率给电动机106提供AC电,所述期望电压和期望频率都可以被改变来满足特定需要。优选地,VSD 104可以提供具有比电动机106的额定电压和频率更高的电压和频率以及更低的电压和频率的到电动机106的AC电。在另一实施方案中,VSD 104又可以提供与电动机106的额定电压和频率相比更高的和更低的频率但仅提供与电动机106的额定电压和频率相比相同或更低的电压。电动机106可以是感应电动机106,但也可以包括能够以变速运行的任意类型的电动机。感应电动机可以具有任何适当的极布置,包括两个极、四个极或六个极。
图2A和2B示出VSD 104的不同实施方案。VSD 104可以具有三个级:转换器级202、DC线路级204以及具有一个逆变器206(见图2A)或多个逆变器206(见图2B)的输出级。转换器202将来自AC电源102的固定线频、固定线电压的AC电转换成直流(DC)电。DC线路204过滤来自转换器202的DC电并且提供储能元件。DC线路204可以由电容器和感应器组成,所述电容器和感应器是具有高可靠率和极低故障率的无源器件。最后,在图2A的实施方案中,逆变器206将来自DC线路204的DC电转换成用于电动机106的可变频率、可变电压的AC电,在图2B的实施方案中,多个逆变器206并联连接在DC线路204上并且每个逆变器206将来自DC线路204的DC电转换成用于相应电动机106的可变频率、可变电压的AC电。逆变器206可以是功率模块,该功率模块可以包括功率晶体管、绝缘栅双极晶体管(IGBT)电源开关以及用引线接合技术相互连接的反向二极管。此外,应理解,VSD 104的DC线路204和逆变器206可以包含与上述元件不同的元件,只要VSD 104的DC线路204和逆变器206可以给电动机106提供适当的输出电压和频率。
关于图1B和2B,多个逆变器206由控制系统联合控制,使得每个逆变器206根据提供给每个逆变器206的共同控制信号或控制指令以相同期望电压和频率提供AC电给相应电动机。在另一实施方案中,多个逆变器206由控制系统个别地控制,以允许每个逆变器206根据提供给每个逆变器206的单独控制信号或控制指令以不同期望电压和频率提供AC电给相应电动机106。通过以不同电压和频率提供AC电,VSD 104的逆变器206可以更有效地满足电动机106和系统的需求以及载荷,而独立于连接到其他逆变器206的其他电动机106和系统的要求。例如,一个逆变器206可以提供全功率给电动机106,而同时另一个逆变器206可以正提供半功率给另一个电动机106。在上述任一实施方案中,对逆变器206的控制可以借助控制面板或其他合适的控制装置。
对于由VSD 104提供动力的每个电动机106,在VSD 104的输出级中都有一相应的逆变器206。可以由VSD 104提供动力的电动机106的数目取决于并入VSD 104中的逆变器206的数目。在一个实施方案中,可以有两个或三个逆变器206被并入VSD 104中,所述逆变器并联连接到DC线路204并用于给相应电动机106提供动力。虽然VSD 104可以具有两至三个逆变器206,但是应理解,也可以使用三个以上逆变器206,只要DC线路204可以提供并维持给每个逆变器206的适当DC电压。
图3总体示出使用图1A和2A的系统结构和VSD 104的制冷或冷却器系统的一个实施方案。如图3所示,HVAC制冷或液体冷却器系统300包括压缩机302、冷凝器304、液体冷却器或蒸发器306以及控制面板308。压缩机302由电动机106驱动,所述电动机106由VSD 104提供动力。VSD 104从AC电源102接收具有特定固定线电压和固定线频的AC电,并且以期望电压和期望频率将AC电提供给电动机106,所述期望电压和期望频率都可以被改变以满足特定要求。控制面板308可以包括各种不同元件,诸如模数(A/D)转换器、微处理器、非易失性存储器以及接口板,以控制制冷系统300的运行。控制面板308也可以用来控制VSD 104以及电动机106的运行。
压缩机302压缩制冷剂蒸气并且将该蒸气通过排出管路传送到冷凝器304。压缩机302可以是螺杆式压缩机、离心式压缩机、往复式压缩机、涡旋式压缩机或者其他合适类型的压缩机。由压缩机302传送到冷凝器304的制冷剂蒸气与一流体——例如空气或水——形成热交换关系,并且作为与流体的热交换关系的结果而经历到制冷剂液体的相变。来自冷凝器304的已冷凝的液态制冷剂流过膨胀装置(未示出)到达蒸发器306。
蒸发器306中的液态制冷剂与一流体——例如空气或水——形成热交换关系以降低该流体的温度。作为与流体的热交换关系的结果,蒸发器306中的制冷剂液体经历到制冷剂蒸气的相变。蒸发器306中的气态制冷剂排出蒸发器306并且经过吸入管路返回到压缩机302以完成循环。蒸发器306可以包括用于冷却负载的供应管路和返回管路的连接。第二液体,例如水、乙烯、氯化钙盐水或者氯化钠盐水,经由返回管路行进入蒸发器306并且经由供应管路排出蒸发器306。蒸发器306中的液态制冷剂与第二液体形成热交换关系以降低第二液体的温度。应理解,在系统300中可以使用冷凝器304和蒸发器306的任意合适结构,只要实现在冷凝器304和蒸发器306中制冷剂的适当相变。
HVAC制冷或液体冷却器系统300可以包括多个其他未在图3中示出的特征。此外,虽然图3将HVAC制冷或液体冷却器系统300示为具有一个连接在单个制冷剂回路中的压缩机,但是应理解,系统300可以具有多个压缩机,所述多个压缩机连接在一个或多个制冷剂回路中的每个制冷剂回路中,所述多个压缩机由如图1B和图2B示出的单个VSD或者由多个总体见图1A和2A示出的实施方案的VSD提供动力。
图4-8示出塑料冷却装置10,其将冷却剂流体引导到可以安装在冷却装置10上的电子元件或模块上,所述电子元件或模块例如为高速开关(诸如IGBT)(未示出)。塑料冷却装置10比铜基或铝基散热器更轻且制造和装配起来更便宜。循环穿过冷却装置的冷却剂流体可以为任意合适的流体,例如水、乙二醇或制冷剂。另外,塑料冷却装置10并不像铝冷却装置那样通常随时间的过去而腐蚀。塑料冷却装置允许半导体模块的基板在大约100摄氏度的连续使用温度下运行。
为了促进电气元件或模块全运行,塑料冷却装置10可以在大约100摄氏度的连续温度下使用并且满足保险商实验室(UnderwritersLaboratory)的用于在塑料材料易燃性方面认证的适当标准(UL746A-E)。用于冷却装置10的塑料材料具有低液体吸收水平,材质耐用同时具有高抗拉强度,并且可以被注模或机械加工。因为其中可以安装有冷却装置10的功率组件按照温度和功率循环,所以冷却装置10的塑料材料应具有低温度热膨胀系数,以避免因塑料冷却装置10和附接到半导体模块端子的铜薄片结构之间的热膨胀系数不匹配而引起半导体模块内的引线接合断裂。此外,塑料冷却装置10充当紧固件以允许多个功率器件连接在一起,允许单个薄片汇流条结构用于电连接,从而使整个功率组件的尺寸和重量可减小。用于塑料冷却装置10的塑料材料可以是(聚苯醚,改性)、(聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBJ))或者(聚酰胺(polymide))。
图4示出的塑料冷却装置10具有安装孔11,所述安装孔可以被设计为接收螺钉或螺栓,所述螺钉或螺栓接合电子元件并将其保持在位。虽然示出塑料冷却装置10使用安装孔来将电子元件固定到塑料冷却装置的底板,但是其他紧固装置或技术,诸如夹紧装置、粘合剂、焊接等,可以用来将电子元件紧固到塑料冷却装置10。
两个主流体通道12和13被机械加工或以其他方式形成在塑料冷却装置10中,由此冷却流体可以经由进给通道12被引入冷却装置10并且可以经由排泄通道13排出冷却装置10。在示出的实施方案中,这些通道为沿塑料冷却装置10的长度延伸的较大圆柱形通道。通道被定尺寸和设计为沿其长度具有较低压力降。
在塑料冷却装置10的顶部有一系列凹坑20。在一个实施方案中,坑20由O型环槽31围绕,一O型环可以被放置到该O型环槽中。然后将待冷却的电子器件在坑20上放置在合适位置并通过安装孔11或通过其他装置或技术紧固,由此通过O型环在电子元件和塑料冷却装置10之间建立不透水密封。对于待冷却的每个单独电子元件或模块,可以有一单独的坑20,并且电子元件被直接定位在坑20上,使得电子元件的底被放置得与冷却流体直接接触。
坑20可以具有被设计为与待冷却的电子元件的宽度、长度和形状相匹配的宽度、长度和形状。例如,在电子元件为开关的HVAC应用中,坑20可以具有大约1.5英寸的宽度以及3英寸的长度。冷却流体通过形成在坑20中的入口21从进给通道12进入坑20,流过坑20,然后从出口22排出进入出口通道13。入口和出口通道12、13又连接到用于冷却从出口通道13排出的冷却流体的热交换器。
塑料冷却装置10及其元件以高效和节省成本的方式在冷却流体和电子元件之间提供最佳的热传递。可以利用深度在0.02至0.20英寸范围内、另外加上水力直径在0.05至0.20英寸的坑20,以及为90度喷嘴而将冷却流体以大致90度的角度施于放置在坑20上的电子元件的表面的入口,来获得最佳结果。因此,坑20的水力直径通常由以下公式确定:水力直径=4×横截面面积/(2×坑深度+2×坑宽度)。如图所示,喷嘴优选地位于坑20的端部,以使得冷却流体有效地从电子元件的表面和坑20的紧邻喷嘴的壁弹开。
喷嘴因冷却流体撞击在电子元件的表面上而促进高涡流度。该涡流通过最佳选择坑深度和水力直径得以维持。较浅的坑深度或者较小的水力直径往往使流动重新分层,从而降低在热传递方面的一些改善。另一方面,较深的坑深度或者较大的水力直径往往因紧邻表面的流体的速度减小而降低热传递改善。
塑料冷却装置10可以具有跨越入口通道12长度的压力降,该压力降显著小于跨越坑的压力降。跨越入口通道12的减小压力降通过相对于坑20及其入口21和出口22的尺寸、形状和流动特性增加至少入口通道12的尺寸来实现,以实现此相对压力降关系。跨越入口通道12长度的压力降应不大于跨越各个坑20的压力降的十分之一。在一个实施方案中,每个坑20具有相同的尺寸、形状以及流体流动特性。
坑20的入口21和出口22是细长缝的形式。缝21用作将冷却流体逆着电子元件的底面导向的喷嘴。入口21和出口22与通道12和13相比足够小,以使得当冷却流体流进每个坑20时,在通道13上没有明显的压力降是可测的。如图8所示,示出了入口21和出口22的另一个实施方案,其中入口21和出口22实际上是形成到坑20的两端中的多个开口25。这些口(例如见图6)可以被形成为从坑的底部向下延伸到通道12和13的细长缝。这些缝优选地垂直于塑料冷却装置10的表面。这种组合实现了更湍性的流动,所述流动改善热传递而不会显著影响压力降。坑、入口以及通道的简单形状为相比于与具有可变深度的坑或者需要使用放置在流动通路中的障碍物以改善湍流的其他相关装置相关联的制造,提供更容易的制造创造了条件。
通道12和13沿两个通道的整个长度提供基本相等的压力,结果每个坑20“见到”相同的入口压力和压力差,并且能够具有相同流动,因此具有相同的冷却能力。具有这些特性的通道的使用最小化,优选地避免,在每个后面的坑中流动减弱的问题。
此外,通过将每个坑20直接连接到入口12而不是让冷却流体从第一个坑到最后一个坑连续流动,每个坑20被供以新的冷却剂,这最大化了所有坑20的冷却能力。
功率组件可以作为单相用于需要较高功率输出水平的应用,或者作为三相用于需要较低功率输出水平的应用。现在参见图9,使用薄膜电容器500代替传统电解电容器。薄膜电容器500的使用降低了制造成本,降低了组件的总重,降低了组件的总尺寸,增加了系统的可靠性。通过消除在使用传统电解电容器时存在的蒸发电解液的需要,薄膜电容器500增加了组件的可靠性。安装孔504被布置在电容器500上,用于安装其他元件或子组件,诸如汇流板506、成角度汇流板508、I GBT模块512和514以及用于将组件附接在VSD壳(未示出)中的安装装置。另外,安装基座510被布置在薄膜电容器500上以将整个组件安装在搁板状物或其他合适的表面(未示出)上。紧固件516,例如螺钉或其他合适的紧固件,用来与孔504配合以将元件固定到电容器。
在另一个实施方案中,额外的电子元件可以在与具有坑的表面相对的表面上被固定到塑料冷却装置10。额外的开口坑可以被包含在所述相对的表面上,来自额外的功率器件的热可以被塑料冷却装置中与额外的电子元件的底直接接触的液态冷却剂带走。可替换地,如果在相对的表面上不使用冷却坑,那么可以通过将热通过电子元件传递到塑料冷却装置然后传递到液体来冷却电子元件。
现参见图10,感应器400包括两个主要子组件——磁芯402和线圈403。磁芯402子组件可以由被称为叠片结构404的多个薄钢带组成。多个叠片404被堆叠以形成感应器400的磁芯402。在制造期间,可以将硅加到钢中以增加叠片结构404的电阻率。叠片结构404的晶粒取向降低损耗并且扩展磁芯402材料的有用工作边界。叠片结构404用来最小化涡电流以及与涡电流有关的损耗,所述涡电流以及与涡电流有关的损耗随着感应器400的工作频率增加而变得更重要。虽然硅钢叠片结构404可以用在一个实施方案中,但是应理解,可以使用任意类型的合适材料。例如,替换的叠片结构材料包括但不限于镍铁、钴合金、铁粉、铁合金、含钼镍铁导磁合金铁粉(molybdenum permalloypowdered iron)、镍铁粉、陶瓷铁氧体、锰锌铁氧体、镍锌铁氧体以及锰铁氧体。
磁芯损耗是由磁滞损耗和涡电流损耗引起的,并且损耗增加了磁芯402的工作温度,降低了感应器400的效率。磁芯402的工作温度影响用在感应器400中的其他材料,诸如绝缘材料和清漆。每种材料具有最大工作温度,磁芯402的工作温度决定绝缘材料的可用选项。随着工作温度增加,用作绝缘材料的可用选项的数目减少并且材料的成本增加。感应器的使用寿命也可能随着感应器的工作温度增加而受到损害。
线圈403子组件由绝缘材料和载流导体组成。所述导体可以是任意合适类型的导电材料,例如铜和铝。相比铝导体,铜导体具有较低的电阻率但是具有较高的成本和重量。导体片通常与绝缘材料层交织。绝缘材料可以是任意合适的绝缘材料,诸如牌纤维(由E.I.duPont de Nemours and Company制造)、陶瓷或编织的玻璃纤维(wovenglass fiber)。空气导管(air duct)设置在线圈层之间以为空气的运动——强制通风或自然对流——创造条件,这带走了由与线圈相关的损耗所产生的热。线圈导体和绝缘体的工作温度最终由损耗和空气运动的组合来决定。
参见图11,冷却装置(例如见图4)被施用于感应器600的磁芯602的顶表面。冷却装置10使用诸如水、乙二醇或制冷剂等的流体来冷却磁芯602。流体行进穿过冷却装置并吸收由磁芯所产生的热。
为了便于贯穿包括磁芯间隙的磁芯602的热传导,导热的非铁磁材料用来提供适当的磁隙,同时也允许穿过该磁隙进行热传递。可以使用诸如由Saint Gobain Ceramics制造的“A级固体氮化硼(GradeA Solid Boron Nitride)”的材料,然而可以使用的其他材料包括氮化铝陶瓷和氧化铝陶瓷。
线圈604是通过用电绝缘和导热材料层与铝箔或铜箔层紧密交织而形成的,以形成低热阻抗线圈子组件。在线圈子组件处产生的热通过热传导从线圈604传递到磁芯602,随后传递到连接到磁芯602的散热器,在此热通过散热器被液体流动吸收。电绝缘但导热的材料片是普遍可买到的,例如Cho-ThermTM、Therma-GapTM、Therm-AttachTM以及Therma-FlowTM材料。在其他实施方案中,可以使用与用在常规感应器制造工艺中的标准绝缘清漆兼容且在接近200摄氏度的最大连续使用工作温度的情况下还具有抗撕裂能力(tear-throughcapability)的任意合适材料。线圈层紧密缠绕在磁芯腿周围以给磁芯602提供导热路径。
图12通过用不同颜色的阴影显示感应器600内的热梯度,示出意在预测感应器600内的温度分布的计算机模拟结果,该感应器600的磁芯602示于图11中。下表示出各导热电绝缘材料对感应器最高温升的影响。
表1
另一个实施方案包括主动转换器模块,其具有用来控制功率组件中的DC线路电容器的预充电的整体装置,例如,如在共同拥有的美国专利申请No.11/073,830中所描述的预充电系统,所述申请特此通过引用被纳入本文。
应理解,本申请不限于在以下描述中陈述或在附图中示出的细节或方法。也应理解,本说明书中所用的措辞和术语仅为了说明的目的,而不应被认作限制性的。
虽然在附图中示出并在本说明书中描述的示例性实施方案目前是优选的,但是应理解,这些实施方案仅通过举例的方式提供。因此,本发明并不限于具体的实施方案,而是扩展到仍然落入所附权利要求的范围内的各种改型。任何过程或方法步骤的顺序或次序可以根据替换的实施方案而改变或者重新排序。
重要的是注意到,如在各示例性实施方案中示出的、用于变速驱动器和感应器的塑料冷却装置的构造和布置仅是说明性的。虽然在本公开内容中仅详细描述了几个实施方案,但是阅读本公开内容的本领域技术人员将容易理解,许多改进是可能的(例如,在各元件的大小、尺寸、结构、形状以及比例,参数值,安装布置,材料的使用,颜色,取向等方面的变化),而本质上不脱离权利要求中所陈述的主题的新颖教导和优点。例如,被示为一体形成的元件可以由多个部分或元件构成,元件的位置可以颠倒或以其它方式变化,分立元件的性质或数目或者位置可以变化或改变。因此,意在所有这样的改型都被包括在本申请的范围内。任意过程或方法步骤的顺序或次序可以根据替换的实施方案而改变或重新排序。在权利要求中,任意功能加装置的项意在覆盖在本说明中被描述为执行所陈述的功能的结构,并且不仅覆盖结构等同物而且覆盖等同结构。可以在示例性实施方案的设计、工作条件以及布置方面进行其他替换、改进、变化以及省略,而不偏离本申请的范围。
Claims (20)
1.一种用于变速驱动器系统的功率组件,包括:
薄膜电容器;
安装在该薄膜电容器上的至少一个冷却装置,该至少一个冷却装置用作薄膜电容器的散热器并且被构造为将冷却流体循环通过该至少一个冷却装置;
安装在该至少一个冷却装置上的至少一个电气元件,该至少一个电气元件被在该至少一个冷却装置中循环的冷却流体冷却;以及
其中该至少一个冷却装置包括塑料材料。
2.如权利要求1所述的功率组件,其中该薄膜电容器包括安装紧固件,以安装额外的元件以及将该功率系统安装在一壳中。
3.如权利要求1所述的功率组件,其中该冷却装置是塑料的。
4.如权利要求1所述的功率组件,其中该冷却装置在大约100摄氏度的连续使用温度下运行。
5.如权利要求1所述的功率组件,其中被引导通过该冷却装置的流体为制冷剂、乙二醇或水。
6.如权利要求1所述的功率组件,其中该基体通过注模工艺、铸造工艺或机械加工工艺制得。
7.如权利要求1所述的功率组件,其中该塑料材料满足UL746A-E标准。
8.如权利要求1所述的功率组件,其中多个电子元件被安装到该冷却装置上。
9.如权利要求1所述的功率组件,其中安装在该薄膜电容器上的该至少一个冷却装置用至少一个紧固件固定到该薄膜电容器上。
10.如权利要求9所述的功率组件,其中该至少一个紧固件为螺钉。
11.一种感应器,包括:
磁芯,其具有至少一个磁芯腿;
线圈,其与至少一个磁芯腿热连通;
冷却装置,其安装在该磁芯上并且与该磁芯热连通,该冷却装置用作该磁芯的散热器;以及
其中该冷却装置被构造为将冷却流体循环通过该冷却装置以吸收由该磁芯所产生的热。
12.如权利要求8所述的感应器,其中该线圈包括导热电绝缘材料层。
13.如权利要求8所述的感应器,其中该磁芯包括由热导体填充的气隙。
14.如权利要求8所述的感应器,其中该冷却装置是塑料的。
15.如权利要求8所述的感应器,其中该冷却装置在大约200摄氏度的连续使用温度下运行。
16.如权利要求8所述的感应器,其中被引导通过该冷却装置的流体为制冷剂、乙二醇或水。
17.如权利要求8所述的感应器,其中该基体通过注模工艺、铸造工艺或机械加工工艺制得。
18.如权利要求8所述的感应器,其中该线圈包括导热电绝缘材料层。
19.如权利要求8所述的感应器,其中该磁芯包括由热导体填充的气隙。
20.如权利要求16所述的感应器,其中该热导体为陶瓷。
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US11/932,479 | 2007-10-31 | ||
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CN200880002705XA Active CN101584262B (zh) | 2007-01-22 | 2008-01-28 | 用于变速驱动器和感应器的冷却系统 |
CN2008800026150A Expired - Fee Related CN101584106B (zh) | 2007-01-22 | 2008-01-28 | 扩展变速驱动器中的有源转换器的同步运作的系统和方法 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102737813A (zh) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-17 | 卡尔E.布林克曼有限公司 | 液冷式感应部件 |
CN103457482A (zh) * | 2012-06-04 | 2013-12-18 | Abb公司 | 模块化逆变器装置 |
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