CN101589538B - 用于变速驱动器的共模和差模过滤器 - Google Patents

用于变速驱动器的共模和差模过滤器 Download PDF

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CN101589538B
CN101589538B CN2008800027454A CN200880002745A CN101589538B CN 101589538 B CN101589538 B CN 101589538B CN 2008800027454 A CN2008800027454 A CN 2008800027454A CN 200880002745 A CN200880002745 A CN 200880002745A CN 101589538 B CN101589538 B CN 101589538B
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H·R·施尼茨卡
I·杰德瑞克
S·阿迪杰马诺尔
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
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    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03LAUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/06Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/08Details of the phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/085Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
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    • H03L7/06Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/08Details of the phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/085Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
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Abstract

用于具有有源逆变器的改进的变速驱动器的系统和方法,包括用于过滤共模和差模电流的输入过滤器。一三相感应器具有:三个绕组,该三相感应器的每个绕组具有将该每个绕组分成一对感应器部分的中心抽头;以及,三相输入电容器组,其以Y字结构一端连接到三个中心抽头,相对端连接到公共点。该三相输入电容器组对高于一预定基频的频率提供短路用以通过该三相电容器组避开这样的频率,同时让该预定基频传到输入AC电源。

Description

用于变速驱动器的共模和差模过滤器
相关申请的交叉引用
本专利申请要求2007年10月31日提交的美国非临时专利申请No.11/931,993的利益,该非临时专利申请要求了2007年1月22日提交的要求了优先权的美国临时专利申请No.60/885,932的利益。
背景
本申请总体涉及变速驱动器。更具体而言,本申请涉及用于包括有源转换器的变速驱动器的共模和差模过滤器。
用于加热、通风、空调和制冷(HVAC及R)应用的变速驱动器(VSD)一般包括整流器或转换器、DC线路和逆变器。引入有源转换器技术以提供功率因素校正和减少的输入电流谐波的VSD与常规VSD相比,也产生了到电动机定子绕组的显著更高水平的共模RMS和峰峰电压。该共模电压可导致电动机和压缩机轴承(bearing)形成凹槽(fluting),并且这些导致电流流过机械轴承的共模电压可能导致电动机和/或压缩机中的过早轴承损坏。
使用同步d-q参考系的有源转换器控制方法的合适运用要求知晓输入线电压的瞬时相角。如果参考系角度不正确或者为未知的,则不能适当地控制输入功率因素和给具有有源转换器的变速驱动器(VSD)的输入电流的谐波失真。如果要求VSD抵御(ride-through)输入线电压的扩展损失以及在电力恢复时再同步到输入电源,则需要在失去电源期间保持期望的d-q参考系角度的装置。此外,还需要快速回锁到输入电源线电压以及产生线电压的实际相角的装置。所需要的是满足这些需要中的一个或多个或提供其它有利特征的系统和/或方法。尽管本发明特别针对包括有源转换器型AC-DC转换器拓扑的VSD,但本发明对利用常规AC-DC整流转换器的VSD也有效。
根据本说明书,其它特征和优点将变得明显。所公开的教导扩展到那些落入权利要求的范围内的实施方案,而不论这些实施方案是否实现前述需要中的一个或多个。
发明内容
本发明针对供在三相脉宽调制(PWM)变速驱动器(VSD)上应用--优选供在具有有源转换器拓扑的PWM VSD上应用——的电路。
在一个实施方案中,变速驱动器系统被配置为接收处于固定AC输入电压幅度和频率的输入AC电力并提供处于可变电压和可变频率的输出AC电力。该变速驱动器包括连接到提供输入AC电压的AC电源的转换器级。该转换器级被配置为将输入AC电压转换成升高的DC电压。一DC线路连接到该转换器级,该DC线路被配置为过滤和存储来自转换器级的升高的DC电压。一逆变器级连接到该DC线路,该逆变器级被配置为将来自DC线路的升高的DC电压转换成具有可变电压和可变频率的输出AC电力。最后,一输入过滤器在转换器级的输入处连接到VSD,用于过滤由传导电磁干扰或AC电源处存在的射频干扰引起的共模分量和差模分量。
另一实施方案涉及用于过滤共模和差模电流的输入过滤器。该输入过滤器包括具有三个绕组的三相感应器。该三相感应器的每个绕组包括将该每个绕组分成一对感应器部分的中心抽头。三个电容器构成的三相输入电容器组以Y字结构一端连接到三个中心抽头,相对端连接到公共点。该三相输入电容器组被配置为基本对高于一预定基频的频率提供短路,用以通过该三相电容器组避开高于一预定基频的频率,同时让该预定基频传到电源。
还一实施方案涉及用于过滤与变速驱动器相关联的共模和差模电流的输出过滤器。该输出过滤器包括三个电容器构成的第一输出电容器组。该第一输出电容器组中的每个电容器以Y字结构连接到逆变器级的输出相。该第一输出电容器组的三个电容器各在与输出相连接相对的端共同连接在公共电容器连接处。该公共电容器连接还连接到大地。
又一实施方案针对冷却器系统。该冷却器系统包括制冷剂线路,该制冷剂线路包括在闭合制冷剂回路中连接的压缩机、冷凝器和蒸发器。一电动机连接到压缩机以给压缩机提供动力。一变速驱动器连接到该电动机。该变速驱动器被配置为接收处于固定AC输入电压幅度和频率的输入AC电力并提供处于可变电压和可变频率的输出AC电力。该变速驱动器包括连接到提供输入AC电压的AC电源的转换器级。该转换器级被设置为将输入AC电压转换成升高的DC电压。一DC线路连接到该转换器级,该DC线路被配置为过滤和存储来自转换器级的升高的DC电压。一逆变器级连接到该DC线路,该逆变器级被配置为将来自DC线路的升高的DC电压转换成具有可变电压和可变频率的输出AC电力。最后,一用于过滤共模和差模电流的输入过滤器,在转换器级的输入处连接到变速驱动器。该输入过滤器包括具有三个绕组的三相感应器,其中该三相感应器的每个绕组包括将该每个绕组分成一对感应器部分的中心抽头,具有三个电容器的三相输入电容器组以Y字结构一端连接到三个中心抽头,相对端连接到公共点。该三相输入电容器组被配置为基本对高于一预定基频的频率提供短路,用以通过该三相电容器组避开高于一预定基频的频率,同时让该预定基频传到转换器级。
又一实施方案涉及一种变速驱动器系统,被配置为接收处于固定AC输入电压幅度和频率的输入AC电力并提供处于可变电压和可变频率的输出AC电力,该变速驱动器系统包括:
连接到一个具有输入AC电压的AC电源的转换器级,该转换器级被配置为将所述输入AC电压转换成升高的DC电压;
连接到所述转换器级的DC线路,该DC线路被配置为过滤和存储来自所述转换器级的升高的DC电压;
连接到所述DC线路的逆变器级,该逆变器级被配置为将来自所述DC线路的升高的DC电压转换成具有所述可变电压和可变频率的输出AC电力;以及
在所述转换器级的输入处连接到所述变速驱动器系统的输入过滤器,用于过滤由传导电磁干扰或所述AC电源处存在的射频干扰引起的共模分量和差模分量;
其中所述输入过滤器包括:
具有三个绕组的三相感应器,其中该三相感应器的每个绕组具有将该每个绕组分成一对感应器部分的中心抽头;以及
具有三个电容器的三相输入电容器组,其以Y字结构一端连接到三个中心抽头,相对端连接到公共点;
该三相输入电容器组被配置为基本对高于一预定基频的频率提供短路用以通过该三相输入电容器组避开高于一预定基频的频率,同时让该预定基频传到所述转换器级;以及
其中所述三相感应器是五腿感应器,包括:
具有至少三个腿部分的铁芯元件,每个腿部分用一对电流承载线圈缠绕;以及通量部分,所述通量部分在连续磁路径中连接所述三个腿部分,所述通量部分具有一对顶端由顶部腿连接、底端由底部腿连接的竖直腿,以形成大体矩形框架部分,所述三个腿部分被布置在所述框架部分内并与所述框架部分磁连通。
又一实施方案涉及一种冷却器系统,包括:
制冷剂线路,该制冷剂线路包括在闭合制冷剂回路中连接的压缩机、冷凝器和蒸发器;
电动机,其连接到所述压缩机以给所述压缩机提供动力;
变速驱动器,其连接到所述电动机,该变速驱动器被配置为接收一个处于固定AC输入电压幅度和频率的具有一个输入AC电压的输入AC电力并提供处于可变电压和可变频率的输出AC电力,该变速驱动器包括:
连接到提供所述输入AC电压的AC电源的转换器级,该转换器级被配置为将所述输入AC电压转换成升高的DC电压;
连接到所述转换器级的DC线路,该DC线路被配置为过滤和存储来自所述转换器级的升高的DC电压;
连接到所述DC线路的逆变器级,该逆变器级被配置为将来自所述DC线路的升高的DC电压转换成具有可变电压和可变频率的输出AC电力;以及
输入过滤器,用于过滤共模和差模电流,该输入过滤器包括:
具有三个绕组的三相感应器,其中该三相感应器的每个绕组包括将该每个绕组分成一对感应器部分的中心抽头;以及
具有三个电容器的三相输入电容器组,其以Y字结构一端连接到三个中心抽头,相对端连接到公共点;
其中该三相输入电容器组被配置为基本对高于一预定基频的频率提供短路用以通过该三相输入电容器组避开高于一预定基频的频率,同时让该预定基频传到所述转换器级;以及
其中所述三相感应器是五腿感应器,包括:
具有至少三个腿部分的铁芯元件,每个腿部分用一对电流承载线圈缠绕;以及通量部分,所述通量部分在连续磁路径中连接所述三个腿部分,所述通量部分具有一对顶端由顶部腿连接、底端由底部腿连接的竖直腿,以形成大体矩形框架部分,所述三个腿部分被布置在所述框架部分内并与所述框架部分磁连通。一个优点是减小与作为运行VSD的结果的传导电磁干扰和AC电源处存在的射频干扰相关联的共模和差模电流。
第二个优点是减小呈现给电动机定子的按照RMS和峰值的共模电压应力,从而减轻与过早机械轴承损坏和过早与大地绝缘的故障相关联的问题。
另一个优点是减小呈现给电动机定子的按照RMS和峰值的差模电压应力,从而减轻与过早的机械定子绕组匝间故障相关联的问题。
替代示例性实施方案涉及如可在权利要求书中一般陈述的其它特征或特征组合。
附图说明
根据结合附图的以下详细描述,本申请将得到更充分的理解,其中相同的参考标号表示相同的元件,其中:
图1A和1B示意性图解了总体系统结构。
图2A和2B示意性图解了变速驱动器的实施方案。
图3示意性图解了制冷系统。
图4图解了使用四腿或五腿感应器的共模和差模输入过滤器的元件的示意图。
图5图解了五腿感应器铁芯的四分之一剖面图。
图6图解了五腿感应器铁芯的全剖视图。
图7图解了包括VSD输出过滤器结构的一替代实施方案的示意性电路图。
图8图解了四腿感应器铁芯的全剖视图。
具体实施方式
在转到详细图解示例性实施方案的附图之前,应该理解,本申请不限于以下描述中阐述的或附图中图解的细节或方法。还应理解,在此使用的措辞和术语仅出于描述的目的,不应被视为限制性的。
图1A和1B图解了总体系统结构。一AC电源102给变速驱动器(VSD)104供电,该变速驱动器为一个电动机106(见图1A)或多个电动机106(见图1B)提供动力。所述一个或多个电动机106优选用来驱动制冷或冷却器系统的相应压缩机(大体见图3)。AC电源102从存在于一地点的AC电力网或配电系统提供单相或多相(例如,三相)的固定电压且固定频率的AC电力给VSD 104。AC电源102可优选的根据相应的AC电力网,提供线频为50Hz或60Hz的200V、230V、380V、460V或600V的AC电压或线电压给VSD 104。
VSD 104从AC电源102接收具有特定固定线电压和固定线频的AC电力,并以期望电压和期望频率提供AC电力给电动机106,所述期望电压和期望频率两者均可改变以满足特定要求。优选地,VSD 104可提供具有比电动机106的额定电压和频率高的电压和频率以及比电动机106的额定电压和频率低的电压和频率的AC电力给电动机106。在另一实施方案中,VSD 104又可提供与电动机106的额定电压和频率相比高的以及低的频率但仅提供与电动机106的额定电压和频率相比相同的或低的电压。电动机106优选是感应电动机,但可包括任何类型的能够以可变速度运行的电动机。感应电动机可具有任何合适的极布置,包括两极、四极或六极。
图2A和2B图解了VSD 104的不同实施方案。VSD 104可具有三级:转换器级202、DC线路级204和具有一个逆变器206(见图2A)或多个逆变器206(见图2B)的输出级。转换器202将来自AC电源102的固定线频且固定线电压的AC电力转换成DC电力。DC线路204过滤来自转换器202的DC电力,并提供储能部件。DC线路204可由电容器、感应器或其组合构成,所述电容器、感应器或其组合为呈现高可靠性等级和极低故障率的无源器件。最后,在图2A的实施方案中,逆变器206将来自DC线路204的DC电力转换成可变频率、可变电压的AC电力供电动机106使用,在图2B的实施方案中,逆变器206在DC线路204上并行连接,并且每个逆变器206将来自DC线路204的DC电力转换成可变频率、可变电压的AC电力供相应的电动机106使用。所述逆变器206可以是功率模块,该功率模块可包括功率晶体管、绝缘栅双极性晶体管(IGBT)功率开关和以金属线键合工艺互连的反相二极管。此外,应理解,VSD 104的DC线路204和逆变器206可包括与上述那些部件不同的部件,只要VSD 104的DC线路204和逆变器206可为电动机106提供合适的输出电压和频率。
关于图1B和2B,逆变器206可由控制系统联合控制,使得每个逆变器206基于提供给该每个逆变器206的共同控制信号或控制指令,以相同的期望电压和频率提供AC电力给相应电动机。在另一实施方案中,逆变器206由控制系统个别地控制,以允许每个逆变器206基于提供给该每个逆变器206的单独控制信号或控制指令,以不同的期望电压和频率提供AC电力给相应电动机106。该能力允许VSD 104的逆变器206更有效地满足电动机106和系统的需要和负载,而独立于连接到其它逆变器206的其它电动机106和系统的要求。例如,一个逆变器206可提供全功率给一电动机106,同时另一逆变器206正提供半功率给另一电动机106。任一实施方案中逆变器206的控制可借助控制面板或其它合适控制设备。
对于每个由VSD 104提供动力的电动机106,在VSD 104的输出级中存在一相应的逆变器206。可由VSD 104提供动力的电动机106的数量取决于可并入VSD 104的逆变器206的数量。在一个实施方案中,可有两个或三个逆变器206被并入VSD 104,所述两个或三个逆变器206并联连接到DC线路204并被用于为相应的电动机106提供动力。尽管VSD 104可具有二至三个逆变器206,但应理解,可以使用三个以上逆变器206,只要DC线路204可提供并保持给每个逆变器206的合适DC电压。
图3一般地图解了使用图1A和2A的系统结构和VSD 104的制冷或冷却器系统的一个实施方案。如图3所示,HVAC制冷或液体冷却器系统300包括压缩机302、冷凝器装置304、液体冷却器或蒸发器装置306以及控制面板308。压缩机302由电动机106驱动,该电动机106由VSD 104提供动力。VSD 104从AC电源102接收具有特定固定线电压和固定线频率的AC电力,并以期望电压和期望频率提供AC电力给电动机106,所述期望电压和期望频率两者都可改变以满足特定要求。控制面板308可包括各种不同部件,诸如模数(A/D)转换器、微处理器、非易失性存储器以及接口板,以控制制冷系统300的运行。控制面板308还可用来控制VSD 104和电动机106的运行。
压缩机302压缩制冷剂蒸汽并通过排出管线将蒸汽输送到冷凝器304。压缩机302可以是任何合适类型的压缩机,例如螺杆式压缩机、离心式压缩机、往复式压缩机、涡旋式压缩机等。由压缩机302输送到冷凝器304的制冷剂蒸汽同流体——例如空气或水——达成热交换关系,并且作为同流体的热交换关系的结果,经历到制冷剂液体的相变。来自冷凝器304的冷凝的液体制冷剂流过膨胀设备(未示出)到达蒸发器306。
蒸发器306可包括用于冷却负载的供应管线和回返管线的连接。辅助液体,例如水、乙烯、氯化钙卤水或氯化钠盐水,经由回返管线行进到蒸发器306,经由供应管线排出蒸发器306。蒸发器306中的液体制冷剂同辅助液体达成热交换关系,以降低辅助液体的温度。作为同辅助液体的热交换关系的结果,蒸发器306中的制冷剂液体经历到制冷剂蒸汽的相变。蒸发器306中的蒸汽制冷剂排出蒸发器306并通过抽吸管线返回到压缩机302以完成循环。应理解,在系统300中可使用任何合适结构的冷凝器304和蒸发器306,条件是实现制冷剂在冷凝器304和蒸发器306中的合适相变。
HVAC制冷或液体冷却器系统300可包括多个在图3中未示出的其它特征。这些特征被有意省略,以使附图简化而便于图解。此外,尽管图3将HVAC制冷或液体冷却器系统300图解为具有一个连接在单个制冷剂线路中的压缩机,但应理解,系统300可具有由单个在图1B和2B中所示的VSD提供动力或由多个大体见图1A和1B中所示的实施方案的VSD提供动力的多个压缩机,所述多个压缩机连接进一个或多个制冷剂线路中的每一个中。
接下来参照图4,示出了一个输入过滤器10的元件的示意图。由有源转换器202产生的EMI/RFI源通过将一三相AC输入感应器16每相分成线路侧感应器26和负载侧感应器28,在转换器202前面被过滤。线路侧感应器26和负载侧感应器28通过感应器抽头部分18连接。电容性三相过滤器元件20是Y字形连接在感应器抽头部分18之间。可选大地连接22可连接到Y字形连接的过滤器元件20的公共点21。大地连接22可替代地包括接地电容器23。线路侧感应器26和负载侧感应器28分别和电容性过滤器元件20被设计成具有电感和电容值,以提供EMI/RFI源——即由转换器202传导的输入电流的高频开关分量——的衰减(roll off)。输入过滤器通过电感26和28的差模感应分量提供对EMI/RFI源的高阻抗,并通过三相Y字形连接的电容20提供对EMI/RFI源的低阻抗,同时让动力电流的基频分量——例如60Hz——以最小阻抗通过网络。通过使用四腿或五腿(4/5)输入感应器16,通过电感26和28形成共模电感性部件,它连同可选大地连接22或接地电容器23增加过滤器10的容量,起防止由转换器202产生的共模电流流入干线电源102的作用。输入过滤器10的Y字连接点21可直接接地,或替代地通过单独的电容器23接地,以提供高频电流到大地的更大分流。在一个实施方案中,感应器16可设置有低的绕组间电容。
线路侧感应器26在Y字形连接的电容器20和AC电源102之间以VSD 104的预定开关频率提供阻抗。线路侧感应器26的阻抗被设计为允许Y字形连接的电容器20比在输入AC电源102和VSD 104之间没有明显阻抗的系统更有效。感应器26还在反方向上提供高频阻抗,以限制高频电流从转换器202流到AC电源102。因而,感应器26制止或限制高频发射物(emission)反射回AC电源102。
感应器28在电容器20与VSD 104的输入之间提供阻抗。感应器28在AC电源102与VSD 104的有源转换器202部分之间提供高阻抗。替代地,如果VSD 104是具有无源整流转换器的常规VSD,感应器28的阻抗将使VSD 104与输入AC电源102隔离,减小从VSD 104传导到电源102的高频发射物。
Y字形连接的电容器组20对VSD 104的至少一个开关频率,在相导体A、B和C之间提供低阻抗,并提供低阻抗用于差模电流流动。Y字形连接的电容器组20还提供低阻抗路径用于至少一个开关频率到大地连接22的流动——假设大地连接被提供的话,用于减小共模电流流动。
接下来参照图5和6,在一个实施方案中,共模输入过滤器10可利用有源转换器技术使用应用于VSD 104的输入的四腿AC感应器516′(例如,见图8,用“′”号标明的四腿感应器实施方案)或五腿AC感应器516(总体称为4/5感应器)实现。常规过滤器应用三腿感应器提供功率因素和谐波输入电流控制。4/5感应器516提供共模和差模电感。图5和6图解了五腿感应器516,其在三相电力系统中提供更多几何对称。共模电感通过提供箭头502所示的磁通量路径504产生。通量路径504与三个铁芯腿510、512和514磁性连通,铁芯腿510、512和514中的每一个连接到三相输入电力102中的一相。通量路径是连续、磁性上可渗透的磁回路,该磁回路围绕内部三个铁芯腿510、512和514。铁芯腿510、512和514中的每一个都具有绕相应铁芯腿510、512和514的大体整个表面区域缠绕的线圈绕组或导体26(例如,见图4)。通量路径中磁通量的方向取决于线圈绕组中电流的方向和幅度,因此被示为在任一方向上流动,不过在实践中,磁通量可在感应器516的周缘周围在一个方向或另一个方向上行进。共模磁通量由为三个感应器线圈16所共有的电流引起。该公共通量路径504可仅由流过感应器线圈的共模电流分量激励。这样的感应器的横截面的一图片在图5中示出。该感应器516具有液体冷却的铁芯,以改善热散逸和增加感应器516的功率容量。
参照图6,五腿感应器516的正视横截面516图解了在腿510、512和514中插入的气隙520,以防止铁芯饱和和增加感应器516的工作通量密度范围。在感应器516中,气隙520被布置在通量路径504的水平截面之间。在铁芯腿510、512和514中的每一个中还在中间插入两个气隙520,以将每个铁芯腿510、512和514分成三个不连续的段。可使用其它气隙结构实现相同的效果。
接下来参照图7,图解了具有带共模/差模输入过滤器电路的输出过滤器的变速驱动器的一个实施方案。上文关于图4所述的EMI/RFI输入过滤器连接在转换器202的输入处,并执行如上所述的相同过滤功能。在VSD 104的输入处增加带感应器16的输入过滤器,有效地在AC电源102与VSD 104之间提供高阻抗电路。为了提供用于共模电流流动的低阻抗路径,包括三个共模电容器32的三相Y字形连接的电容器组30连接在VSD电动机连接端子38和大地22之间。电容器组30在高频下相当于短路——即低阻抗,有效地将存在于三个VSD输出端子34上的破坏性高频AC分量接地和避免破坏性AC分量到达连接到VSD的电动机或其它类型负载,从而滤除由共模电压引起的电流。电容器组30允许高频AC分量绕过电动机的寄生电容性接地元件和消除由共模电压和电流引起的轴承损坏。
逆变器输出端子34接入第二过滤器装置,该第二过滤器装置包括与输出端子38串联连接的三相感应器36,输出端子38连接到系统负载,例如电动机106。第二三相电容器组42在三相感应器36的负载侧之间Y字形连接到输出电力相L1、L2和L3,提供低阻抗路径用于差模电流在电容器组42之间流动。在三相感应器36的负载侧Y字形连接的第二三相电容器组的组合提供L-C差模输出过滤器。通过结合共模过滤器电容器组30与L-C差模感应器36和电容器组42,防止两种破坏性条件——即共模和差模电流——到达由VSD 104提供动力的负载。
尽管在附图中图解并在此描述的示例性实施方案目前是优选的,但应理解,这些实施方案仅以示例的方式提供。因此,本申请不限于特定实施方案,而是扩展到仍然落在所附权利要求的范围内的各种变体。任何过程或方法步骤的顺序或次序可根据替代实施方案改变或重新排序。
重要的是注意,如在各示例性实施方案中所示的用于变速驱动器的共模和差模过滤器的结构和布置仅是说明性的。尽管在该公开内容中仅详细描述了几个实施方案,但审阅本公开内容的本领域技术人员将容易理解,许多变体是可能的(例如,各元件的尺寸、尺度、结构、形状和比例;参数值;安装结构;材料使用;颜色;取向等方面的改变),而本质上不偏离权利要求书中所陈述的主题的新颖教导和优点。例如,被示为一体形成的元件可由多个部分或元件构造,元件的位置可颠倒或以其它方式改变,分立元件的性质或数量或者位置可改变或变化。因此,旨在所有这样的修改被包括在本申请的范围内。任何过程或方法步骤的顺序或次序可根据替代实施方案改变或重新排序。在权利要求书中,任何装置加功能的项旨在覆盖在此被描述为执行所陈述的功能的结构,并且不仅覆盖结构等同物还覆盖等同结构。可在示例性实施方案的设计、工作条件和布置方面进行其它替换、修改、改变和省略,而不偏离本申请的范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种变速驱动器系统,被配置为接收处于固定AC输入电压幅度和频率的输入AC电力并提供处于可变电压和可变频率的输出AC电力,该变速驱动器系统包括:
连接到一个具有输入AC电压的AC电源的转换器级,该转换器级被配置为将所述输入AC电压转换成升高的DC电压;
连接到所述转换器级的DC线路,该DC线路被配置为过滤和存储来自所述转换器级的升高的DC电压;
连接到所述DC线路的逆变器级,该逆变器级被配置为将来自所述DC线路的升高的DC电压转换成具有所述可变电压和可变频率的输出AC电力;以及
在所述转换器级的输入处连接到所述变速驱动器系统的输入过滤器,用于过滤由传导电磁干扰或所述AC电源处存在的射频干扰引起的共模分量和差模分量;
其中所述输入过滤器包括:
具有三个绕组的三相感应器,其中该三相感应器的每个绕组具有将该每个绕组分成一对感应器部分的中心抽头;以及
具有三个电容器的三相输入电容器组,其以Y字结构一端连接到三个中心抽头,相对端连接到公共点;
该三相输入电容器组被配置为基本对高于一预定基频的频率提供短路用以通过该三相输入电容器组避开高于一预定基频的频率,同时让该预定基频传到所述转换器级;以及
其中所述三相感应器是五腿感应器,包括:
具有至少三个腿部分的铁芯元件,每个腿部分用一对电流承载线圈缠绕;以及通量部分,所述通量部分在连续磁路径中连接所述三个腿部分,所述通量部分具有一对顶端由顶部腿连接、底端由底部腿连接的竖直腿,以形成大体矩形框架部分,所述三个腿部分被布置在所述框架部分内并与所述框架部分磁连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的变速驱动器系统,还包括:在三相输入电容器组的相对端的公共点,其还具有到大地的连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的变速驱动器系统,还包括:连接在公共点与大地之间的电容器。
4.根据权利要求2所述的变速驱动器系统,其中所述感应器部分对中的每一对包括各在一端连接到中心抽头的线路侧感应器和负载侧感应器,其中所述线路侧感应器在与中心抽头相对的第二端连接到所述AC电源,负载侧导体在与中心抽头相对的第二端连接到所述转换器级。
5.根据权利要求1所述的变速驱动器系统,还包括:
三个电容器构成的第一输出电容器组,每个电容器以Y字结构连接到所述三相感应器的一输出相;
所述第一输出电容器组的三个电容器中的每一个在与输出相连接相对的端共同连接;所述与输出相连接相对的端还连接到大地。
6.根据权利要求5所述的变速驱动器系统,还包括:
输出感应器,其具有三个与所述逆变器级的输出相串联连接的输出相绕组;
三个电容器构成的第二输出电容器组,所述第二输出电容器组的每个电容器以Y字结构连接到所述输出感应器的负载侧;
其中基本从所述输出感应器的负载侧去除由差模电压分量引起的电流,并防止其流到连接到所述输出感应器的负载。
7.一种冷却器系统,包括:
制冷剂线路,该制冷剂线路包括在闭合制冷剂回路中连接的压缩机、冷凝器和蒸发器;
电动机,其连接到所述压缩机以给所述压缩机提供动力;
变速驱动器,其连接到所述电动机,该变速驱动器被配置为接收一个处于固定AC输入电压幅度和频率的具有一个输入AC电压的输入AC电力并提供处于可变电压和可变频率的输出AC电力,该变速驱动器包括:
连接到提供所述输入AC电压的AC电源的转换器级,该转换器级被配置为将所述输入AC电压转换成升高的DC电压;
连接到所述转换器级的DC线路,该DC线路被配置为过滤和存储来自所述转换器级的升高的DC电压;
连接到所述DC线路的逆变器级,该逆变器级被配置为将来自所述DC线路的升高的DC电压转换成具有可变电压和可变频率的输出AC电力;以及
输入过滤器,用于过滤共模和差模电流,该输入过滤器包括:
具有三个绕组的三相感应器,其中该三相感应器的每个绕组包括将该每个绕组分成一对感应器部分的中心抽头;以及
具有三个电容器的三相输入电容器组,其以Y字结构一端连接到三个中心抽头,相对端连接到公共点;
其中该三相输入电容器组被配置为基本对高于一预定基频的频率提供短路用以通过该三相输入电容器组避开高于一预定基频的频率,同时让该预定基频传到所述转换器级;以及
其中所述三相感应器是五腿感应器,包括:
具有至少三个腿部分的铁芯元件,每个腿部分用一对电流承载线圈缠绕;以及通量部分,所述通量部分在连续磁路径中连接所述三个腿部分,所述通量部分具有一对顶端由顶部腿连接、底端由底部腿连接的竖直腿,以形成大体矩形框架部分,所述三个腿部分被布置在所述框架部分内并与所述框架部分磁连通。
8.根据权利要求7所述的冷却器系统,还包括用于过滤与变速驱动器相关联的共模和差模电流的输出过滤器,该输出过滤器包括:
三个电容器构成的第一输出电容器组,所述第一输出电容器组的三个电容器中的每一个以Y字结构连接到所述三相感应器的一输出相;以及
所述第一输出电容器组的三个电容器中的每一个在与输出相连接相对的端共同连接;所述与输出相连接相对的端还连接到大地。
9.根据权利要求7所述的冷却器系统,还包括:
输出感应器,其具有三个与逆变器级的输出相串联连接的输出相绕组;以及
三个电容器构成的第二输出电容器组,所述第二输出电容器组的每个电容器以Y字结构连接到所述输出感应器的负载侧;
其中基本从所述输出感应器的负载侧去除由差模电压分量引起的电流,并防止其流到连接到所述输出感应器的负载。
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DE602008002221D1 (de) 2010-09-30
KR20100062971A (ko) 2010-06-10
TWI383577B (zh) 2013-01-21
CN101589538A (zh) 2009-11-25
WO2008092154A8 (en) 2008-10-23
ATE478466T1 (de) 2010-09-15
EP2162976B1 (en) 2016-08-17
US20080174257A1 (en) 2008-07-24
CN101584106A (zh) 2009-11-18
EP2106633B1 (en) 2010-08-18
US7746020B2 (en) 2010-06-29
WO2008092154B1 (en) 2008-12-04
EP2127511B1 (en) 2015-11-04
TW200919933A (en) 2009-05-01
CN101584262A (zh) 2009-11-18
TWI352183B (en) 2011-11-11
US7764041B2 (en) 2010-07-27
TWI360288B (en) 2012-03-11
US20080174393A1 (en) 2008-07-24
TW200919936A (en) 2009-05-01
US7876561B2 (en) 2011-01-25
TWI374600B (en) 2012-10-11
EP2127511A1 (en) 2009-12-02
CN101584262B (zh) 2013-09-04
TW200919913A (en) 2009-05-01
US20080174258A1 (en) 2008-07-24
WO2008097749A2 (en) 2008-08-14
US8014110B2 (en) 2011-09-06
WO2008092154A3 (en) 2008-09-12
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US20080174255A1 (en) 2008-07-24

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