BR122021009864B1 - Composição e método para controle e prevenção de ataque fúngico em uma planta - Google Patents
Composição e método para controle e prevenção de ataque fúngico em uma planta Download PDFInfo
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- BR122021009864B1 BR122021009864B1 BR122021009864-6A BR122021009864A BR122021009864B1 BR 122021009864 B1 BR122021009864 B1 BR 122021009864B1 BR 122021009864 A BR122021009864 A BR 122021009864A BR 122021009864 B1 BR122021009864 B1 BR 122021009864B1
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Abstract
A presente invenção se refere a picolinamidas de Fórmula I, , e seu uso como fungicidas. Os fungicidas são compostos, de origem sintética ou natural que agem para proteger e/ou curar plantas contra o dano causado por fungos agricolamente relevantes. Em geral, nenhum fungicida único é útil em todas as situações. Consequentemente, há pesquisa em andamento para produzir fungicidas que podem ter melhor desempenho, sejam fáceis de usar e custem menos. A presente divulgação se refere a picolinamidas e seu uso como fungicidas. Os compostos da presente divulgação podem oferecer proteção contra ascomicetos, basidiomicetos, deuteromicetos e oomicetos.
Description
[0001] Este pedido reivindica o benefício do Pedido de Patente Provisório N0. US 62/098,120, depositado em 30 de dezembro de 2014, e US 62/098,122, depositado em 30 de dezembro de 2014, os quais são expressamente incorporados a título de referência no presente documento.
[0002] Os fungicidas são compostos, de origem natural ou sintética, os quais agem para proteger e/ou curar plantas dos danos causados por fungos agricolamente relevantes. Em geral, nenhum único fungicida é útil em todas as situações. Consequentemente, há uma pesquisa em andamento para produzir fungicidas que possam ter melhor desempenho, sejam fáceis para usar e custem menos.
[0003] A presente divulgação se refere a picolinamidas e seu uso como fungicidas. Os compostos da presente divulgação podem oferecer proteção contra ascomicetos, basidiomicetos, deuteromicetos e oomicetos.
[0004] Uma modalidade da presente divulgação pode incluir compostos de Fórmula I: na qual: X é hidrogênio ou C(O)R5j Y é hidrogênio, C(O)R5 ou Q; Q é na qual: Z é N ou CH; Ri é hidrogênio ou alquila, cada um opcionalmente substituído com 0, 1 ou Rs múltiplo; R2 é metila; R3 é selecionado a partir de arila ou heteroarila, cada uma opcionalmente substituída com 0, 1 ou Rs múltiplo; R4 é selecionado a partir de hidrogênio, halo, hidroxila, alquila ou alcóxi; R5 é selecionado a partir de alcóxi ou benzilóxi, cada um opcionalmente substituído com 0, 1 ou Rs múltiplo; R6 é selecionado a partir de hidrogênio, alcóxi ou halo, cada um opcionalmente substituído com 0, 1 ou Rs múltiplo; R7 é selecionado a partir de hidrogênio, -C(O)Rg, ou -CH2OC(O)R9; Rs é selecionado a partir de hidrogênio, alquila, arila, acila, halo, alquenila, alquinila, alcóxi, ciano ou heterociclila, cada um opcionalmente substituído com 0, 1 ou R10 múltiplo; R9 é selecionado a partir de alquila, alcóxi, ou arila, cada um opcionalmente substituído com 0, 1 ou Rs múltiplo; R10 é selecionado a partir de hidrogênio, alquila, arila, acila, halo, alquenila, alcóxi ou heterociclila; R11 é selecionado a partir de hidrogênio ou alquila, substituído com 0, 1 ou Rs múltiplo; R12 é selecionado a partir de arila ou heteroarila, cada um opcionalmente substituído com 0, 1 ou Rs múltiplo.
[0005] Uma outra modalidade da presente divulgação pode incluir uma composição fungicida para o controle ou prevenção de ataque fúngico compreendendo os compostos descritos acima e um material veículo fitologicamente aceitável.
[0006] Ainda uma outra modalidade da presente divulgação pode incluir um método para o controle ou prevenção de ataque fúngico em uma planta, o método incluindo as etapas de aplicação de uma quantidade fungicamente eficaz de um ou mais dos compostos descritos acima a pelo menos um dos fungos, na planta, e uma área adjacente à planta.
[0007] Será compreendido pelos versados na técnica que os termos que seguem podem incluir grupos "R" genéricos dentro de suas definições, por exemplo, "o termo alcóxi se refere a um substituinte - OR". Também se compreende que dentro das definições para os termos que seguem, esses grupos "R" são incluídos com a finalidade de ilustração e não devem ser interpretados como limitantes ou ser limitados pelas substituições da Fórmula I.
[0008] O termo "alquila" se refere a uma cadeia de carbono ramificada, não ramificada ou saturada cíclica, incluindo, porém sem se limitar a, metila, etila, propila, butila, isopropila, isobutila, butila terciária, pentila, hexila, ciclopropila, ciclobutila, ciclopentila, cicloexila e similares.
[0009] O termo "alquenila" se refere a uma cadeia de carbono ramificada, não ramificada ou cíclica contendo uma ou mais ligações duplas incluindo, porém sem se limitar a, etenila, propenila, butenila, isopropenila, isobutenila, ciclobutenila, ciclopentenila, ciclo-hexenila e similares.
[0010] O termo "alquinila" se refere a uma cadeia de carbono ramificada ou não ramificada contendo uma ou mais ligações triplas incluindo, porém sem se limitar a, propinila, butinila e similares.
[0011] Os termos "arila" e "Ar" se referem a um anel aromático, mono ou bicíclico, contendo 0 heteroátomos.
[0012] O termo "heterociclila" se refere a qualquer átomo aromático ou não aromático, mono ou bicíclico, contendo um ou mais heteroátomos.
[0013] O termo "alcóxi" se refere a um substituinte -OR.
[0014] O termo "acilóxi" se refere a um substituinte -OC(O)R.
[0015] O termo "ciano" se refere a um substituinte -C=N.
[0016] O termo "hidroxila" se refere a um substituinte -OH.
[0017] O termo "amino" se refere a um substituinte -N(R)2.
[0018] O termo "arilalcóxi" se refere a -O(CH2)nAr onde n é um número inteiro selecionado a partir da lista 1,2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6.
[0019] O termo "haloalcóxi" se refere a um substituinte -OR-X, em que X é Cl, F, Br ou I, ou qualquer combinação dos mesmos.
[0020] O termo "haloalquila" se refere a uma alquila, que é substituída com Cl, F, I ou Br ou qualquer combinação dos mesmos.
[0021] O termo "halogênio" ou "halo" se refere a um ou mais átomos de halogênio, definidos como F, Cl, Br e I.
[0022] O termo "nitro" se refere a um substituinte -NO2.
[0023] O termo tioalquila se refere a um substituinte -SR.
[0024] Ao longo da divulgação, compreende-se que os compostos de Fórmula I também incluem todos os estereoisômeros, por exemplo diastereômeros, enantiômeros e misturas dos mesmos. Em uma outra modalidade, compreende-se que a Fórmula I também inclui sais ou hidratos dos mesmos. Os sais exemplificadores incluem, porém não se limitam a: cloridrato, bromidrato, iodidrato, trifluoroacetato e trifluorometanossulfonato.
[0025] Os versados na técnica também compreendem que a substituição adicional pode ser permitida, a menos que de outra forma notado, à medida que as regras de ligação química e a energia de deformação estejam satisfeitas e o produto ainda exiba atividade fungicida.
[0026] Uma outra modalidade da presente divulgação é um uso de um composto de Fórmula I, para a proteção de uma planta contra o ataque por um organismo fitopatogênico ou o tratamento de uma planta infestada por um organismo fitopatogênico, compreendendo a aplicação de um composto de Fórmula I, ou uma composição compreendendo o composto ao solo, uma planta, uma parte de uma planta, folhagem e/ou raízes.
[0027] Adicionalmente, uma outra modalidade da presente divulgação é uma composição útil para proteger uma planta contra o ataque por um organismo fitopatogênico e/ou tratamento de uma planta infestada por um organismo fitopatogênico compreendendo um composto de Fórmula I e um material veículo fitologicamente aceitável. DESCRIÇÃO DETALHADA
[0028] Os compostos da presente divulgação podem ser aplicados por qualquer uma de uma variedade de técnicas conhecidas, seja como os compostos ou como formulações compreendendo os compostos. Por exemplo, os compostos podem ser aplicados nas raízes ou folhagem de plantas para o controle de vários fungos, sem prejudicar o valor comercial das plantas. Os materiais podem ser aplicados na forma de qualquer um dos tipos de formulação geralmente usados, por exemplo, como soluções, pós, pós umectantes, concentrado fluido ou concentrados emulsificáveis.
[0029] Preferivelmente, os compostos da presente divulgação são aplicados na forma de uma formulação, compreendendo um ou mais dos compostos de Fórmula I com um veículo fitologicamente aceitável. As formulações concentradas podem ser dispersadas em água ou outros líquidos, para aplicação ou formulações podem ser do tipo pó ou granulares, que podem ser então aplicadas sem tratamento adicional. As formulações podem ser preparadas de acordo com os procedimentos que são convencionais na técnica da química agrícola.
[0030] A presente divulgação contempla todos os veículos pelos quais um ou mais dos compostos podem ser formulados para liberação e uso como um fungicida. Tipicamente, as formulações são aplicadas como suspensões ou emulsões aquosas. As referidas suspensões ou emulsões podem ser produzidas a partir de formulações solúveis em água, que podem ser suspensos em água ou emulsificáveis, os quais são sólidos, geralmente conhecidos como pós umectantes; ou líquidos, geralmente conhecidos como concentrados emulsificáveis, suspensões aquosas ou concentrados de suspensão. Como prontamente apreciado, qualquer material ao qual esses compostos podem ser adicionados pode ser usado, contanto que ele tenha a utilidade desejada sem interferência significativa com a atividade desses compostos como agentes antifúngicos.
[0031 ] Os pós umectantes, que podem ser compactados para formar grânulos dispersíveis em água, compreendem uma mistura íntima de um ou mais dos compostos de Fórmula I, um veículo inerte e tensoativos. A concentração do composto no pó umectante pode ser de cerca de 10 por cento a cerca de 90 por cento em peso com base no peso total do pó umectante, mais preferivelmente cerca de 25 por cento em peso a cerca de 75 por cento em peso. Na preparação de formulações de pó umectante, os compostos podem ser preparados com qualquer sólido finamente dividido, tal como pirofilita, talco, giz, gesso, terra de Fuller, bentonita, atapulgita, amido, caseína, glúten, argilas de montmorillonita, terra diatomácea, silicatos purificados ou similares. Nas referidas operações, o veículo finamente dividido e os tensoativos são tipicamente misturados com o (s) composto (s) e triturados.
[0032] Os concentrados emulsificáveis dos compostos de Fórmula I podem compreender uma concentração conveniente, tal como de cerca de 1 por cento em peso a cerca de 50 por cento em peso do composto, em um líquido adequado, com base no peso total do concentrado. Os compostos podem ser dissolvidos em um veículo inerte, que é tanto um solvente miscível em água quanto uma mistura de solventes orgânicos imiscíveis em água e emulsificantes. Os concentrados podem ser diluídos com água e óleo para formar misturas pulverizadoras na forma de emulsões óleo-em-água. Os solventes orgânicos úteis incluem aromáticos, especialmente porções de petróleo naftalênico e olefínico de alto ponto de ebulição tal como a nafta aromática pesada. Outros solventes orgânicos também podem ser usados, por exemplo, solventes terpênicos, incluindo derivados de rosina, cetonas alifáticas, tal como ciclo-hexanona, e álcoois complexos, tal como 2-etoxietanol.
[0033] Os emulsificantes que podem ser empregados de forma vantajosa no presente documento podem ser prontamente determinados por aqueles versados na técnica e incluem vários emulsificantes não iônicos, aniônicos, catiônicos e anfotéricos ou uma mistura de dois ou mais emulsificantes. Os exemplos de emulsificantes não iônicos úteis na preparação de concentrados emulsificáveis incluem os éteres de polialquileno glicol e produtos de condensação de alquil e aril fenóis, álcoois alifáticos, aminas alifáticas ou ácidos graxos com óxido de etileno, óxidos de propileno tais como os alquil fenóis etoxilados e ésteres carboxílicos solubilizados com o poliol ou polioxialquileno. Os emulsificantes catiônicos incluem compostos de amônio quaternário e sais de amina graxa. Os emulsificantes aniônicos incluem os sais solúveis em óleo (por exemplo, cálcio) de ácidos alquilaril sulfônicos, sais solúveis em óleo ou poliglicol éteres sulfatados e sais adequados de poliglicol éter fosfatado.
[0034] Os líquidos orgânicos representativos os quais podem ser empregados na preparação dos concentrados emulsificáveis dos compostos da presente divulgação são os líquidos aromáticos tais como xileno, frações de propil benzeno; ou frações de naftaleno mistas, óleos minerais, líquidos orgânicos aromáticos substituídos tais como dioctil ftalato; querosene; dialquil amidas de vários ácidos graxos, particularmente as dimetil amidas de glicóis graxos e derivados de glicol tais como n-butil éter, etil éter ou metil éter de dietileno glicol, o metil éter de trietileno glicol, frações de petróleo ou hidrocarbonetos tais como óleo mineral, solventes aromáticos, óleos parafínicos, e similares; óleos vegetais tais como óleo de soja, óleo de semente de colza, óleo de oliva, óleo de gergelim, óleo de semente de girassol, óleo de coco, óleo de milho, óleo de semente de algodão, óleo de linhaça, óleo de palma, óleo de amendoim, óleo de cártamo, óleo de gergelim, óleo de tungue e similares; ésteres dos óleos vegetais acima; e similares. Misturas de dois ou mais líquidos orgânicos também podem ser empregados na preparação do concentrado emulsificável. Os líquidos orgânicos incluem xileno, e frações de propil benzeno, com o xileno sendo o mais preferido em alguns casos. Os agentes de dispersão ativos em superfície são tipicamente empregados em formulações líquidas e em uma quantidade de 0,1 a 20 por cento em peso com base no peso combinado do agente de dispersão com um ou mais dos compostos. As formulações também podem conter outros aditivos compatíveis, por exemplo, reguladores do crescimento de plantas e outros compostos biologicamente ativos usados na agricultura.
[0035] As suspensões aquosas compreendem suspensões de um ou mais compostos insolúveis em água de Fórmula I, dispersados em um veículo aquoso em uma concentração na faixa de cerca de 1 a cerca de 50 por cento em peso, com base no peso total da suspensão aquosa. As suspensões são preparadas ao triturar finamente um ou mais dos compostos, e vigorosamente misturar o material triturado em um veículo compreendido de água e tensoativos selecionados dos mesmos tipos discutidos acima. Outros componentes, tais como sais inorgânicos e gomas sintéticas ou naturais, também podem ser adicionados para aumentar a densidade e viscosidade do veículo aquoso.
[0036] Os compostos de Fórmula I também podem ser aplicados como formulações granulares, que são particularmente úteis para aplicações ao solo. As formulações granulares geralmente contêm de cerca de 0,5 a cerca de 10 por cento em peso, com base no peso total da formulação granular do(s) composto(s), dispersados em um veículo inerte que consiste totalmente ou em grande parte de material inerte dividido grosseiramente tal como atapulgita, bentonita, diatomita, argila ou uma substância barata similar. As referidas formulações são geralmente preparadas pela dissolução dos compostos em um solvente adequado e aplicação deles a um veículo granular que foi pré-formada no tamanho de partícula adequado, na faixa de cerca de 0,5 a cerca de 3 mm. Um solvente adequado é um solvente no qual o composto é substancialmente ou completamente solúvel. As referidas formulações também podem ser preparadas ao se produzir uma massa ou pasta do veículo e do composto e solvente, e trituração e secagem para obter a partícula granular desejada.
[0037] Os pós contendo os compostos de Fórmula I podem ser preparados ao se misturar intimamente um ou mais dos compostos em forma pulverizada com um veículo agrícola em pó adequado, tal como, por exemplo, argila caulim, rocha vulcânica triturada e similares. Os pós podem adequadamente conter de cerca de 1 a cerca de 10 por cento em peso dos compostos, com base no peso total do pó.
[0038] As formulações podem adicionalmente conter tensoativos adjuvantes para aumentar a deposição, umectação e penetração dos compostos na cultura alvo e organismo. Esses tensoativos adjuvantes podem ser opcionalmente empregados como um componente da formulação ou como uma mistura para tanque. A quantidade de tensoativo adjuvante variará tipicamente de 0.01 a 1.0 por cento em volume, com base em um volume pulverizado de água, preferivelmente 0.05 a 0.5 por cento em volume. Os tensoativos adjuvantes adequados incluem, porém não se limitam a nonil fenois etoxilados, álcoois naturais ou sintéticos etoxilados, sais dos ésteres ou ácidos sulfossuccínicos, organossilicones etoxilados, aminas graxas etoxiladas, misturas de tensoativos com óleos minerais ou vegetais, concentrados de óleo da cultura (óleo mineral (85%) + emulsificantes (15%)); nonil fenol etoxilado; sal de benzil cocoalquildimetil amónio quaternário; mistura de hidrocarboneto de petróleo, alquil ésteres, ácido orgânico e tensoativo aniónico; Cg - Cii alquilpoliglicosídeo; álcool fosfatado etoxilado; álcool natural primário etoxilado (C12- Ci6); copolímero em bloco de di-sec- butilfenol EO-PO; polissiloxano-metil cap; nonilfenol etoxilado + nitrato de ureia e amónio; óleo de semente metilada emulsificada; tridecil álcool (sintético) etoxilado (8EO); amina de sebo etoxilada (15 EO); PEG(400) dioleato-99. As formulações também podem incluir emulsões óleo-em- água tais como aquelas divulgadas no Pedido de Patente Norte- Americano No. 11/495,228, cuja divulgação é expressamente incorporada a título de referência no presente documento.
[0039] As formulações podem opcionalmente incluir combinações que contêm outros compostos pesticidas. Os referidos compostos pesticidas adicionais podem ser fungicidas, inseticidas, herbicidas, nematocidas, miticidas, artropodicidas, bactericidas ou combinações dos mesmos que são compatíveis com os compostos da presente divulgação no meio selecionado para aplicação, e não antagonistas à atividade dos presentes compostos. Consequentemente, nas referidas modalidades, o outro composto pesticida é empregado como um tóxico suplementar para o mesmo uso pesticida ou para um uso pesticida diferente. Os compostos de Fórmula I e o composto pesticida na combinação podem em geral estar presentes em uma razão de peso de 1 : 100 a 100 : 1.
[0040] Os compostos da presente divulgação também podem ser combinados com outros fungicidas para formar misturas fungicidas e misturas sinergísticas das mesmas. Os compostos fungicidas da presente divulgação são frequentemente aplicados em conjunto com um ou mais outros fungicidas para controlar uma variedade mais ampla de doenças indesejáveis. Quando usados em conjunto com outro(s) fungicida(s), os compostos presentemente reivindicados podem ser formulados com o(s) outro(s) fungicida(s), misturados em tanque com o(s) outro(s) fungicida(s) ou aplicados de forma sequencial com o(s) outro(s) fungicida(s). As outras referidas fungicidas podem incluir 2- (tiocianatometiltio)-benzotiazol, 2-fenilfenol, sulfato de 8-hidroxiquinolina, ametoctradina, amisulbrom, antimicina, Ampelomyces quisqualis, azaconazol, azoxistrobina, Bacillus subtilis, cepa QST713 de Bacillus subtilis, benalaxila, benomila, bentiavalicarb-isopropila, benzovindiflupir, sal de benzilaminobenzenossulfonato (BABS), bicarbonatos, bifenila, bismertiazol, bitertanol, bixafen, blasticidin-S, borax, mistura de Bordeaux, boscalid, bromuconazol, bupirimato, polissulfeto de cálcio, captafol, captan, carbendazim, carboxin, carpropamid, carvona, clazafenona, cloroneb, clorotalonil, clozolinato, Coniothyrium minitans, hidróxido de cobre, octanoato de cobre, oxicloreto de cobre, sulfato de conre, sulfato de cobre (tribásico), coumoxistrobina, óxido cúprico, ciazofamida, ciflufenamida, cimoxanila, ciproconazol, ciprodinil, dazomet, debacarb, etilenobis-(ditiocarbamato) de diamônio, diclofluanid, diclorophen, diclocimet, diclomezina, dicloran, dietofencarb, difenoconazol, íon de difenzoquat, diflumetorim, dimethomorf, dimoxistrobina, diniconazol, diniconazol-M, dinobuton, dinocap, difenilamina, dipimetitrona, ditianon, dodemorf, acetato de dodemorf, dodina, base livre de dodina, edifenfos, enestrobina, enestroburina, enoxastrobina, epoxiconazol, etaboxam, etoxiquin, etridiazol, famoxadona, fenamidona, fenaminostrobina, fenarimol, fenbuconazol, fenfuram, fenexamida, fenoxanil, fenpiclonil, fenpropidin, fenpropimorf, fenpirazamina, fentina, acetato de fentina, hidróxido de fentina, ferbam, ferimzona, fluazinam, fludioxonil, flufenoxistrobin, flumorf, fluopicolida, fluopiram, fluoroimida, fluoxastrobina, fluquinconazol, flusilazol, flussulfamida, flutianil, flutolanil, flutriafol, fluxapiroxad, folpet, formaldeido, fosetil, fosetil-aluminio, fuberidazol, furalaxila, furametpir, guazatina, acetatos de guazatina, GY-81, hexaclorobenzeno, hexaconazol, himexazol, imazalil, sulfato de imazalil, imibenconazol, iminoctadina, triacetato de iminoctadina, tris(albesilato) de iminoctadina, iodocarb, ipconazol, ipfenpirazolona, iprobenfos, iprodiona, iprovalicarb, isofetamida, isoprotiolano, isopirazam, isotianila, kasugamicina, cloridrato de kasugamicina hidratado, kresoxim-metila, laminarin, mancopper, mancozeb, mandestrobin, mandipropamida, maneb, mefenoxam, mepanipirim, mepronil, meptil-dinocap, cloreto de mercúrio, óxido de mercúrio, cloreto mercuroso, metalaxil, metalaxil-M, metam, metam- amônio, metam-potássio, metam-sódio, metconazol, metasulfocarbe, iodeto de metila, isotiocianato de metila, metiram, metominostrobina, metrafenona, mildiomicina, miclobutanila, nabam, nitrotal-isopropila, nuarimol, octilinona, ofurace, ácido oleico (ácidos graxos), orisastrobina, oxadixila, oxatiapiprolina, oxina-cobre, fumarato de oxpoconazol, oxicarboxina, pefurazoato, penconazol, pencicuron, penflufen, pentaclorofenol, laurato de pentaclorofenila, pentiopirad, acetato de fenilmercúrio, ácido fosfônico, ftalida, picarbutrazox, picoxistrobina, polioxina B, polioxinas, polioxorima, bicarbonato de potássio, hidroxiquinolina sulfato de potássio, probenazol, procloraz, procimidona, propamocarbe, cloridrato de propamocarbe, propiconazol, propineb, proquinazid, protioconazol, piraclostrobina, pirametostrobina, piraoxistrobina, piraziflumida, pirazofos, piribencarbe, piributicarbe, pirifenox, pirimetanila, piriofenona, pirisoxazol, piroquilon, quinoclamina, quinoxifen, quintozeno, extrato de Reynoutria sachalinensis, sedaxano, siltiofam, simeconazol, 2-fenilfenóxido de sódio, bicarbonato de sódio, pentaclorofenóxido de sódio, espiroxamina, enxofre, SYP-Z048, óleos de alcatrão, tebuconazol, tebufloquina, tecnazeno, tetraconazol, tiabendazol, tifluzamida, tiofanato-metila, tiram, tiadinila, tolclofos-metila, tolprocarb, tolilfluanida, triadimefon, triadimenol, triazóxido, triclopiricarb, triciclazol, tridemorf, trifloxistrobina, triflumizol, triforina, triticonazol, validamicina, valifenalato, valifenal, vinclozolina, zineb, ziram, zoxamida, Candida oleophila, Fusarium oxysporum, Gliocladium spp., Phlebiopsis gigantea, Streptomyces griseoviridis, Trichoderma spp., (RS)-N-(3,5- diclorofenil)-2-(metoximetil)-succinimida, 1,2-dicloropropano, hidrato de 1,3-dicloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoroacetona, 1-cloro-2,4-dinitronaftaleno, 1- cloro-2-nitropropano, 2-(2-heptadecil-2-imidazolin-1 -il)etanol, 1, 1,4,4- tetraóxido de 2,3-di-hidro-5-fenil-1,4-dithi-ina, acetato de 2- metoxietilmercúrio, cloreto de 2-metoxietilmercúrio, silicato de 2-me- toxietilmercúrio, 3-(4-clorofenil)-5-metilrodanina, 4-(2-nitroprop-1-enil) feniltiocianatome, ampropilfos, anilazina, azitiram, polissulfeto de bário, Bayer 32394, benodanil, benquinox, bentaluron, benzamacril, benzamacril-isobutila, benzamorf, binapacrila, sulfato de bis(metilmercúrio), óxido de bis(tributilestanho), butiobato, cromato sulfatado de cádio, cálcio, cobre, zinco, carbamorf, CECA, clobentiazona,cloraniformetan, clorfenazol, clorquinox, climbazol, bis(3- fenilsalicilato) de cobre, cromato de cobre, zinco, cufraneb, sulfato cúprico de hidrazínio, cuprobam, ciclafuramida, cipendazol, ciprofuram, decafentin, diclona, diclozolina, diclobutrazol, dimetirimol, dinocton, dinossulfon, dinoterbon, dipiritiona, ditalimfos, dodicin, drazoxolon, EBP, ESBP, etaconazol, etem, etirim, fenaminosulf, fenapanil, fenitropan, fluotrimazol, furcarbanil, furconazol, furconazol-cis, furmeciclox, furofanato, gliodina, griseofulvin, halacrinato, Hercules 3944, hexiltiofos, ICIA0858, isopamfos, isovalediona, mebenil, mecarbinzid, metazoxolon, metfuroxam, diciandiamida de metilmercúrio, metsulfovax, milneb, anidrido mucoclórico, miclozolina, N-3,5-diclorofenil-succinimida, N-3- nitrofenilitaconimida, natamicina, N-etilmercurio-4-toluenossulfonanilida, bis(dimetilditiocarbamato) de níquel, OCH, dimetilditiocarbamato de fenilmercúrio, nitrato de fenilmercúrio, fosdifen, protiocarbe, cloridrato de protiocarbe, piracarbolid, piridinitrila, piroxiclor, piroxifur, quinacetol, sulfato de quinacetol, quinazamida, quinconazol, rabenzazol, salicilanilida, SSF-109, sultropen, tecoram, tiadifluor, ticiofen, tioclorfenfim, tiofanato, tioquinox, tioximid, triamifos, triarimol, triazbutil, triclamida, urbacid, zarilamid, e quaisquer combinações dos mesmos.
[0041] Adicionalmente, os compostos descritos no presente documento podem ser combinados com outros pesticidas, incluindo inseticidas, nematocidas, miticidas, artropodicidas, bactericidas ou combinações dos mesmos que são compatíveis com os compostos da presente divulgação no meio selecionado para aplicação e não antagonistas para a atividade dos presentes compostos para formar misturas pesticidas e misturas sinergísticas das mesmas. Os compostos fungicidas da presente divulgação podem ser aplicados em conjunto com um ou mais outros pesticidas para controlar uma variedade mais ampla de pragas indesejáveis. Quando usados em conjunto com outros pesticidas, os compostos presentemente reivindicados podem ser formulados com os outros pesticida (s), misturados em tanque com os outros pesticida (s) ou aplicados em sequência com os outros pesticida(s). Os inseticidas típicos incluem, porém não se limitam a: 1,2- dicloropropano, abamectina, acefato, acetamiprida, acetion, acetoprol, acrinatrina, acrilonitrila, afidopiropen, alanicarb, aldicarb, aldoxicarb, aldrin, alletrina, allosamidina, alixicarb, alfa-cipermetrina, alfa-ecdisona, alfa-endosulfan, amidition, aminocarb, amiton, amiton oxalato, amitraz, anabasina, atidation, azadiractina, azametifos, azinfos-etila, azinfos- metila, azotoato, hexafluorossilicato de bário, bartrina, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, bensultap, beta-ciflutrina, beta-cipermetrina, bifentrina, bioaletrina, bioetanometrina, biopermetrina, bistrifluron, borax, ácido bórico, broflanilida, bromfenvinfos, bromociclen, bromo-DDT, bromofos, bromofos-etila, bufencarb, buprofezin, butacarb, butatiofos, butocarboxim, butonato, butoxicarboxim, cadusafos, arsenato de cálcio, polissulfeto de cálcio, camfeclor, carbanolato, carbarila, carbofuran, dissulfeto de carbono, tetracloreto de carbono, carbofenotion, carbosulfan, cartap, cloridrato de cartap, clorantraniliprol, clorbiciclen, clordano, clordecona, clordimeform, cloridrato de clordimeform, cloretoxifos, clorfenapir, clorfenvinfos, clorfluazuron, clormefos, clorofórmio, cloropicrin, clohoxim, clorazofos, cloirifos, cloirifos-metila, clortiofos, cromafenozida, cinerina I, cinerina II, cinerinas, cismetrina, clacifos, cloetocarb, closantel, clotianidina, acetoarsenito de cobre, arsenato de cobre, naftenato de cobre, oleato de cobre, coumafos, coumitoato, crotamiton, crotoxifos, crufomato, criolita, cianofenfos, cianofos, ciantoato, ciantraniliprol, ciclaniliprol, cicletrina, cicloprotrina, ciflutrina, cialotrina, cipermetrina, ciphenotrina, ciromazina, citioato, DDT, decarbofuran, deltametrina, demefion, demefion-O, demefion-S, demeton, demeton-metila, demeton-O, demeton-O-metila, demeton-S, demeton- S -metila, demeton-S-metilsulfon, diafentiuron, dialifos, terra diatomacea, diazinon, dicapton, diclofention, diclorvos, dicloromezotiaz, dicresila, dicrotofos, diciclanila, dieldrin, diflubenzuron, dilor, dimeflutrina, dimefox, dimetan, dimetoato, dimetrina, dimetilvinfos, dimetilan, dinex, dinex-diclexina, dinoprop, dinosam, dinotefuran, diofenolan, dioxabenzofos, dioxacarb, dioxation, disulfoton, diticrofos, d- limoneno, DNOC, DNOC-amônio, DNOC-potássio, DNOC-sódio, doramectina, ecdisterona, emamectina, benzoato de emamectina, EMPC, empentrina, endosulfan, endotion, endrin, EPN, epofenonano, eprinomectina, esdepaletrina, esfenvalerato, etafos, etiofencarb, etion, etiprol, etoato-metila, etoprofos, formiato de etila, etil-DDD, dibrometo de etileno, dicloreto de etileno, óxido de etileno, etofenprox, etrimfos, EXD, famfur, fenamifos, fenazaflor, fenclorfos, fenetacarb, fenflutrina, fenitrotion, fenobucarb, fenoxacrim, fenoxicarb, fenpiritrina, fenpropatrina, fensulfotion, fention, fention-etila, fenvalerate, fipronil, flometoquin, flonicamida, flubendiamida, flucofuron, fluecloxuron, flucitrinato, flufenerim, flufenoxuron, flufenprox, flufiprol, fluexafon, flupiradifurona, fluvalinato, fonofos, formetanato, cloridrato de formetanato, formotion, formparanato, cloridrato de formparanato, fosmetilan, fospirato, fostietan, furatiocarb, furetrina, gama-cialotrina, gama-HCH, halfenprox, halofenozida, HCH, HEOD, heptaclor, heptaflutrina, heptenofos, heterofos, hexaflumuron, HHDN, hidrametilnon, cianeto de hidrogênio, hidropreno, hiquincarb, imidacloprida, imiprotrina, indoxacarb, iodometano, IPSP, isazofos, isobenzan, isocarbofos, isodrin, isofenfos, isofenfos-metila, isoprocarb, isoprotiolano, isotioato, isoxation, ivermectina, jasmolina I, jasmolina II, jodfenfos, hormônio juvenil I, hormônio juvenil II, hormônio juvenil III, Xappa-bifentrina, Xappa-teflutrina, Xelevan, Xinopreno, lambda- cialotrina, arsenato de chumbo, lepimectina, leptofos, lindano, lirimfos, lufenuron, litidation, malation, malonoben, mazidox, mecarbam, mecafon, menazon, mefosfolan, cloreto de mercúrio, mesulfenfos, metaflumizona, metacrifos, metamidofos, metidation, metiocarb, metocrotofos, metomil, metopreno, metoxiclor, metoxifenozida, brometo de metila, isotiocianato de metila, metilclorofórmio, cloreto de metileno, metoflutrina, metolcarb, metoxadiazona, mevinfos, mexacarbato, milbemectina, milbemicina oxima, mipafox, mirex, molosultap, momfluorotrina, monocrotofos, monomeipo, monosultap, morfotion, moxidectin, naftalofos, naled, naftaleno, nicotina, nifluridida, nitenpiram, nitiazina, nitrilacarb, novaluron, noviflumuron, ometoato, oxamil, oxidemeton-metila, oxideprofos, oxidisulfoton, para-diclorobenzeno, paration, paration-metila, penfluron, pentaclorofenol, permetrina, fenXapton, fenotrina, fentoato, forato, fosalona, fosfolan, fosmet, fosniclor, fosfamidon, fosfina, foxim, foxim-metila, pirimetafos, pirimicarb, pirimifos-etila, pirimifos-metila, arsenito de potássio, tiocianato de potássio, pp'-DDT, praletrina, precoceno I, precoceno II, precoceno III, primidofos, profenofos, profluralin, promacila, promecarb, propafos, propetamfos, propoxur, protidation, protiofos, protoato, protrifenbute, piflubumida, piraclofos, pirafluprol, pirazofos, piresmetrina, piretrina I, piretrina II, piretrinas, piridaben, piridalila, piridafention, pirifluquinazon, pirimidifen, piriminostrobina, pirimitato, piriprol, piriproxifen, quassia, quinalfos, quinalfos-metila, quinotion, rafoxanida, resmetrina, rotenona, riania, sabadilla, schradan, selamectina, silafluofen, silica gel, arsenito de sódio, fluoreto de sódio, hexafluorossilicato de sódio, tiocianato de sódio, sofamida, spinetoram, spinosad, spiromesifen, spirotetramat, sulcofuron, sulcofuron-sódico, sulfluramid, sulfotep, sulfoxaflor, fluoreto de sulfurila, sulprofos, tau- fluvalinato, tazimcarb, TDE, tebufenozida, tebufenpirad, tebupirimfos, teflubenzuron, teflutrina, temefos, TEPP, teraletrina, terbufos, tetracloroetano, tetraclorvinfos, tetrametrina, tetrametilflutrina, tetraniliprol, teta-cipermetrina, tiacloprida, tiametoxam, ticrofos, tiocarboxima, tiociclam, oxalato de tiociclam, tiodicarb, tiofanox, tiometon, tiosultap, tiosultap-dissódico, tiosultap-monossódico, turingiensin, tioxazafen, tolfenpirad, tralometrina, transflutrina, transpermetrina, triarateno, triazamato, triazofos, triclorfon, triclormetafos-3, tricloronat, trifenofos, triflumezopirim, triflumuron, trimetacarb, tripreno, vamidotion, vaniliprol, XMC, xililcarb, zeta- cipermetrina, zolaprofos e quaiquer combinações dos mesmos.
[0042] De forma adicional, os compostos descritos no presente documento podem ser combinados com herbicidas que são compativeis com os compostos da presente divulgação no meio selecionado para aplicação, e não antagonistas à atividade dos presentes compostos para formar misturas pesticidas e misturas sinérgicas das mesmas. Os compostos fungicidas da presente divulgação podem ser aplicados em conjunto com um ou mais herbicidas para controlar uma ampla variedade de plantas indesejáveis. Quando usadas em conjunto com herbicidas, os compostos presentemente reivindicados podem ser formulados com os herbicida (s), misturados em tanque com os herbicida (s) ou aplicados em sequência com os herbicida(s). Os herbicidas típicos incluem, porém não se limitam a: 4-CPA; 4-CPB; 4- CPP; 2,4-D; 3,4-DA; 2,4-DB; 3,4-DB; 2,4-DEB; 2,4-DEP; 3,4-DP; 2,3,6- TBA; 2,4,5-T; 2,4,5-TB; acetoclor, acifluorfen, aclonifen, acroleína, alaclor, alidoclor, aloxidim, alil álcool, alorac, ametridiona, ametrina, amibuzin, amicarbazona, amidosulfuron, aminociclopiraclor, aminopiralid, amiprofos-metila, amitrol, sulfamato de amónio, anilofos, anisuron, asulam, atraton, atrazina, azafenidina, azimsulfuron, aziprotrina, barban, BCPC, beflubutamida, benazolina, bencarbazona, benfluralina, benfuresato, bensulfuron, bensulida, bentazona, benzadox, benzfendizona, benzipram, benzobiciclon, benzofenap, benzofluor, benzoilprop, benztiazuron, biciclopirona, bifenox, bilanafos, bispiribac, borax, bromacil, bromobonil, bromobutida, bromofenoxim, bromoxinila, brompirazon, butaclor, butafenacila, butamifos, butenaclor, butidazol, butiuron, butralin, butroxidim, buturon, butilato, ácido cacodílico, cafenstrol, clorato de cálcio, cianamida de cálcio, cambendiclor, carbasulam, carbetamida, carboxazol, clorprocarb, carfentrazona, CDEA, CEPC, clometoxifen, cloramben, cloranocril, clorazifop, clorazina, clorbromuron, clorbufam, cloreturon, clorfenac, clorfenprop, clorflurazol, clorflurenol, cloridazon, clorimuron, clornitrofen, cloropon, clorotoluron, cloroxuron, cloroxinil, clorprofam, clorsulfuron, clortal, clortiamida, cinidon-etila, cinmetilina, cinossulfuron, cisanilida, cletodim, cliodinato, clodinafop, clofop, clomazona, clomeprop, cloprop, cloproxidim, clopiralid, cloransulam, CMA, sulfato de cobre, CPMF, CPPC, credazina, cresol, cumiluron, cianatrina, cianazina, cicloato, ciclopirimorato, ciclossulfamuron, cicloxidim, cicluron, cihalofop, ciperquat, ciprazina, ciprazol, cipromida, daimuron, dalapon, dazomet, delaclor, desmedifam, desmetrina, di-alato, dicamba, diclobenil, dicloralurea, diclormato, diclo rop, diclorprop-P, diclofop, diclosulam, dietamquat, dietatila, difenopenten, difenoxuron, difenzoquat, diflufenican, diflufenzopir, dimefuron, dimepiperato, dimetaclor, dimetametrina, dimetenamida, dimetenamida-P, dimexano, dimidazon, dinitramina, dinofenato, dinoprop, dinosam, dinoseb, dinoterb, difenamida, dipropetrina, diquat, disul, ditiopir, diuron, DMPA, DNOC, DSMA, EBEP, eglinazina, endotal, epronaz, EPTC, erbon, esprocarb, etalfluralina, etametsulfuron, etidimuron, etiolato, etofumesato, etoxifen, etoxissulfuron, etinofen, etnipromida, etobenzanida, EXD, fenasulam, fenoprop, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-P, fenoxasulfona, fenquinotriona, fenteracol, fentiaprop, fentrazamida, fenuron, sulfato ferroso, flamprop, flamprop-M, flazasulfuron, florasulam, fluazifop, fluazifop-P, fluazolato, flucarbazona, flucetosulfuron, flucloralina, flufenacet, flufenican, flufenpir, flumetsulam, flumezin, flumiclorac, flumioxazina, flumipropin, fluometuron, fluorodifen, fluoroglicofen, fluoromidina, fluoronitrofen, fluotiuron, flupoxam, flupropacila, flupropanato, flupirsulfuron, fluridona, flurocloridona, fluroxipir, flurtamona, flutiacet, fomesafen, foramsulfuron, fosamina, furiloxifen, glufosinato, glufosinato-P, glifosato, halauxifen, halosafen, halosulfuron, haloxidina, haloxifop, haloxifop-P, hexacloroacetona, hexaflurato, hexazinona, imazametabenz, imazamox, imazapic, imazapir, imazaquin, imazetapir, imazossulfuron, indanofan, indaziflam, iodobonila, iodometano, iodossulfuron, iofensulfuron, ioxinila, ipazina, ipfencarbazona, iprimidam, isocarbamida, isocila, isometiozina, isonoruron, isopolinato, isopropalina, isoproturon, isouron, isoxaben, isoxaclortol, isoxaflutol, isoxapirifop, karbutilato, ketospiradox, lactofen, lenacil, linuron, MAA, MAMA, MCPA, MCPA-tioetila, MCPB, mecoprop, mecoprop-P, medinoterb, mefenacet, mefluidida, mesoprazina, mesossulfuron, mesotnona, metam, metamifop, metamitron, metazaclor, metazosulfuron, metflurazon, methabenztiazuron, metalpropalina, metazol, metiobencarb, metiozolin, metiuron, metometon, metoprotrina, brometo de metila, isotiocianato de metila, metildimron, metobenzuron, metobromuron, metolaclor, metosulam, metoxuron, metribuzin, metsulfuron, molinato, monalida, monisouron, ácido monocloroacético, monolinuron, monuron, morfamquat, MSMA, naproanilida, napropamida, napropamida-M, naptalam, neburon, nicosulfuron, nipiraclofen, nitralin, nitrofen, nitrofluorfen, norflurazon, noruron, OCH, orbencarb, ort/zo-diclorobenzeno, ortossulfamuron, orizalina, oxadiargila, oxadiazon, oxapirazon, oxassulfuron, oxaziclomefona, oxifluorfen, parafluron, paraquat, pebulate, ácido pelargônico, pendimetalina, penoxsulam, pentaclorofenol, pentanoclor, pentoxazona, perfluidona, petoxamida, fenisofam, fenmedifam, fenmedifam-etila, fenobenzuron, acetato de fenilmercúrio, picloram, picolinafen, pinoxaden, piperofos, arsenato de potássio, azida de potássio, cianato de potássio, pretilaclor, primissulfuron, prociazina, prodiamina, profluazol, profluralin, profoxidim, proglinazina, prometon, prometrina, propaclor, propanila, propaquizafop, propazina, profam, propisoclor, propoxicarbazona, propirissulfuron, propizamida, prossulfalin, prossulfocarb, prossulfuron, proxan, prinaclor, pidanon, piraclonila, piraflufen, pirasulfotol, pirazolinato, pirazossulfuron, pirazoxifen, piribenzoxim, piributicarb, piriclor, piridafol, piridato, piriftalida, piriminobac, pirimisulfan, piritiobac, piroxassulfona, piroxsulam, quinclorac, quinmerac, quinoclamina, quinonamida, quizalofop, quizalofop-P, rodetanila, rimsulfuron, saflufenacila, S- metolaclor, sebutilazina, secbumeton, setoxidim, siduron, simazina, simeton, simetrina, SMA, arsenito de sódio, azida de sódio, clorato de sódio, sulcotriona, sulfalato, sulfentrazona, sulfometuron, sulfosulfuron, ácido sulfúrico, sulglicapin, swep, TCA, tebutam, tebutiuron, tefuriltriona, tembotriona, tepraloxidim, terbacil, terbucarb, terbuclor, terbumeton, terbutilazina, terbutrina, tetrafluron, tenilclor, tiazafluron, tiazopir, tidiazimin, tidiazuron, tiencarbazona-metila, tifensulfuron, tiobencarb, tiafenacila, tiocarbazila, tioclorim, tolpiralato, topramezona, tralkoxidim, triafamona, trialato, triassulfuron, triaziflam, tribenuron, tricamba, triclopir, tridifano, trietazina, trifloxissulfuron, trifludimoxazin, trifluralin, triflussulfuron, trifop, trifopsima, tri-hidroxitriazina, trimeturon, tripropindan, tritac, tritossulfuron, vernolato e xilaclor.
[0043] Uma outra modalidade da presente divulgação é um método para o controle ou prevenção de ataque fúngico. Este método compreende aplicar ao solo, planta, raízes, folhagem ou local do fungo, ou a um local no qual a infestação deve ser prevenida (por exemplo, aplicação a cereal ou plantas com bagas), de uma quantidade fungicamente eficaz de um ou mais dos compostos de Fórmula I. Os compostos são adequados para o tratamento de várias plantas em níveis fungicidas, enquanto exibe baixa fitotoxicidade. Os compostos podem ser úteis seja como um protetor e/ou um erradicador.
[0044] Verificou-se que os compostos têm efeito fungicida particularmente significativo para o uso agrícola. Muitos dos compostos são particularmente eficazes para uso com culturas agrícolas e plantas de horticultura.
[0045] Será compreendido pelos versados na técnica que a eficácia do composto para os fungos precedentes estabelece a utilidade geral dos compostos como fungicidas.
[0046] Os compostos têm amplas faixas de atividade contra os patógenos fúngicos. Os patógenos exemplificadores podem incluir, porém não se limitam ao agente causador da mancha da folha do trigo (Zymoseptoria tritici), ferrugem marrom do trigo (Puccinia triticina), ferrugem linear do trigo (Puccinia striiformis), sarna da macieira (Venturia inaequalis), oídio da videira (Uncinula necator), escaldadura (Rhynchosporium secalis), brusone do arroz (Pyricularia oryzae), ferrugem Asiática da soja (Phakopsora pachyrhizi), mancha das glumas (Leptosphaeria nodorum), oídio do trigo (Blumeria graminis f. sp.tritici), oídio da cevada (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei), oídio das cucurbitáceas (Erysiphe cichoracearum), antracnose das cucurbitáceas (Colletotrichum lagenarium), cercosporiose da beterraba (Cercospora beticola), Pinta Preta do tomate (Alternaria solani), e mancha marrom da cevada (Cochliobolus sativus). A quantidade exata do material ativo a ser aplicado depende não apenas do material ativo específico sendo aplicado, mas também na ação específica desejada, nas espécies fúngicas a ser controladas, e no estágio de crescimento do mesmo, assim como a parte da planta ou outro produto a ser colocado em contato com o composto. Sendo assim, todos os compostos, e formulações contend os mesmos, podem não ser igualmente eficazes em concentrações similares ou contra as mesmas espécies fúngicas.
[0047] Os compostos são eficazes em uso com plantas em uma quantidade inibidora da doença e fitologicamente aceitável. O termo " quantidade inibidora da doença e fitologicamente aceitável " se refere a uma quantidade de um composto que mata ou inibe a doença da planta para a qual o controle é desejado, porém não é significativamente tóxico à planta. Esta quantidade será em geral de cerca de 0,1 a cerca de 1000 ppm (partes por milhão), com 1 a 500 ppm sendo preferido. A concentração exata de composto necessária varia com a doença fúngica a ser controlada, o tipo de formulação empregada, o método de aplicação, a espécie específica da planta, as condições climáticas e similares. Uma taxa de aplicação adequada está tipicamente na faixa de cerca de 0,10 a cerca de 4 libras/acre (cerca de 0,01 a 0,45 gramas por metro quadrado, g/m2).
[0048] Qualquer faixa ou valor desejado dado no presente documento pode ser estendido ou alterado sem perder os efeitos buscados, como é aparente ao versado na técnica com um entendimento do que é explicado no presente documento.
[0049] Os compostos de Fórmula I podem ser preparados usando procedimentos químicos bem conhecidos. Os intermediários não especificamente mencionados nesta divulgação estão tanto comercialmente disponíveis, podendo ser preparados por vias divulgadas na literatura química, ou podem ser prontamente sintetizados a partir de materiais de partida comerciais utilizando procedimentos padrão.
[0050] Os esquemas que seguem ilustram abordagens para gerar os compostos de picolinamida de Fórmula I. As descrições e exemplos que seguem são providos com a finalidade ilustrativa e não devem ser interpretados como limitativos em termos de substituintes ou padrões de substituição.
[0051 ] Os compostos de Fórmula 1.1, em que R3 e R12 são conforme definidos originalmente e são equivalentes, podem ser preparados pelos métodos mostrados no Esquema 1, etapa a. O composto de Fórmula 1.0 pode ser tratado com um nucleófilo organometálico tal como brometo de fenilmagnésio (PhMgBr) em um solvente aprótico polar tal como tetra- hidrofurano (THF) em uma temperatura de cerca de 0°C a 23°C para render os compostos de Fórmula 1.1, em que R3 e R12 são como definidos anteriormente, conforme mostrado em a. Esquema 1
[0052] Os compostos de Fórmula 2.2, em que R3 é como originalmente definido e pode ou não ser igual a R12, podem ser preparados pelos métodos mostrados no Esquema 2, etapas a - c. Os compostos de Fórmula 2.2, em que R3 R12 são conforme definidos anteriormente mas não um grupo arila ou heteroarila deficiente em elétrons e podem ou não ser equivalentes, podem ser obtidos com o tratamento dos compostos de Fórmula 2.0, em que R3 e R12 são conforme definidos anteriormente mas não um grupo arila ou heteroarila deficiente em elétrons e podem ou não ser equivalentes, com uma mistura de um reagente de hidreto, tal como trietillsilano (Et3-iH), e um ácido, tal como ácido 2,2,2- trifluoroacético (TFA) em um solvente halogenado tal como diclorometano (DCM) em uma temperatura de cerca de 0°C a 23°C, conforme retratado em a. Alternadamente, os compostos de Fórmula 2.1, em que R3 e R12 são um grupo arila ou heteroarila deficiente em elétrons e podem ou não ser equivalentes, podem ser obtidos com o tratamento dos compostos de Fórmula 2.0, em que R3 e R12 são um grupo arila ou heteroarila deficiente em elétrons e podem ou não ser equivalentes, com uma base, tal como hidreto de sódio (NaH), e um catalisador, tal como imidazol, em um solvente aprótico polar tal como TFIF em uma temperatura de cerca de 23°C, seguido pela adição sequencial de dissulfeto de carbono (CS2) e um iodeto de alquila, tal como iodometano (Mel), conforme retratado em b. Os compostos de Fórmula 2.2, em que R3 e R12 são um grupo arila ou heteroarila deficiente em elétrons e podem ou não ser equivalentes, podem ser obtidos com o tratamento dos compostos de Fórmula 2.1, em que R3 e R12 são conforme definidos anteriormente e podem ou não ser equivalentes, com um reagente de estanho, tal como hidreto de tributilestanho, e um iniciador radical, tal como azobisisobutironitrila (AIBN), em um solvente não polar tal como tolueno em uma temperatura de cerca de 115°C, conforme retratado em c. Esquema 2
[0053] Os compostos de Fórmula 3.1, em que R3 e R12 são conforme definidos originalmente e podem ou não ser equivalentes, podem ser preparados de acordo com o método explicitado no Esquema 3, etapa a. Os compostos de Fórmula 3.1, em que R3 e R12 são conforme definidos originalmente e podem ou não ser equivalentes, podem ser preparados a partir de compostos de Fórmula 3.0, em que R3 e R12 são conforme definidos anteriormente e podem ou não ser equivalentes, através de tratamento com uma base, tal como NaH e um haleto de alquila, tal como Mel, em um solvente aprótico polar como N,N-dimetilformamida (DMF) em uma temperatura de cerca de 0°C a 23°C, conforme retratado em a. Esquema 3
[0054] Os compostos de Fórmula 4.1, em que R3 e R12 são conforme definidos originalmente e podem ou não ser equivalentes, podem ser preparados de acordo com o método explicitado no Esquema 4, etapa a. Os compostos de Fórmula 4.1, em que R3 e R12 são conforme definidos originalmente e podem ou não ser equivalentes, podem ser preparados a partir de compostos de Fórmula 4.0, em que R3 e R12 são conforme definidos anteriormente e podem ou não ser equivalentes, através de tratamento com um reagente de fluorinação, tal como trifluoreto de (dietilamino)enxofre (DAST), em um solvente halogenado tal como DCM em uma temperatura de cerca de 0°C a 23°C, conforme retratado em a. Esquema 4 Esquema 4
[0055] Os compostos de Fórmula 5.3, em que R3, R4 e R12 são conforme definidos originalmente e R3 pode ou não ser equivalente a R12, podem ser preparados de acordo com os métodos explicitados no Esquema 5, etapas a - c. Os compostos de Fórmula 5.3, em que R3, R4 e R12 são conforme definidos originalmente e R3 pode ou não ser equivalente a R12, podem ser preparados a partir de compostos de Fórmula 5.0, em que R3, R4 e R12 são conforme definidos originalmente e R3 pode ou não ser equivalente a R12, através de tratamento com um catalisador tal como paládio em carbono (Pd/C) em uma mistura de um solvente de hidrocarboneto insaturado, tal como ciclo-hexeno e um solvente polar prótico, tal como etanol (EtOH), em uma temperatura elevada de cerca de 65°C, conforme mostrado em a. Alternadamente, os compostos de Fórmula 5.3, em que R3 e R12 são um grupo arila ou heteroarila deficiente em elétrons e podem ou não ser equivalentes e R4 é hidroxila (OH) ou alcóxi, podem ser obtidos com o tratamento dos compostos de Fórmula 5.1, em que R3, R4 e R12 são conforme definidos anteriormente e R3 pode ou não ser equivalente a R12, com uma mistura de um reagente de hidreto, tal como Et3—iH, e um ácido, tal como TFA em um solvente halogenado tal como DCM em uma temperatura de cerca de 0°C a 23°C, conforme indicado em b. De forma adicional, os compostos de Fórmula 5.3, em que R3 e R12 são conforme definidos originalmente mas não um grupo arila ou heteroarila deficiente em elétrons e podem ou não ser equivalentes, e R4 é um próton (H), podem ser obtidos com o tratamento dos compostos de Fórmula 5.2, em que R3, R4 e R12 são conforme definidos anteriormente e R3 pode ou não ser equivalente a R12, com uma mistura de um reagente de hidreto, tal como Et3—iH, e um ácido, tal como TFA em um solvente halogenado tal como DCM em uma temperatura de cerca de 0°C 1 23°C, conforme retratado em c. Esquema 5
[0056] Os compostos de Fórmula 6.2, em que R3 e R12 são um grupo arila ou heteroarila deficiente em elétrons e equivalente, podem ser preparados de acordo com os métodos explicitados no Esquema 6, etapas a - b. Os compostos de Fórmula 6.1, em que R3 e R12 são conforme descritos anteriormente, podem ser preparados a partir do composto de Fórmula 6.0, através de tratamento com um brometo de arila, tal como 4-bromobenzonitrila, na presença de um catalisador de Pd, tal como XPhos Pd G3 (CAS # 1445085-55-1, comercialmente disponível a partir da Sigma-Aldrich), em um solvente aprótico polar tal como TFIF em uma temperatura de cerca de 55°C, conforme indicado em a. Os compostos de Fórmula 6.2, em que R3 e R12 são conforme descritos anteriormente, podem ser preparados a partir do composto de Fórmula 6.1, em que R3 e R12 são conforme descritos anteriormente, através de tratamento com um reagente de hidreto, tal como complexo de dimetil sulfeto de borano, na presença de um catalisador, tal como (R)-(+)-2-Metil-CBS-oxazaborolidina, em um solvente prótico polar, tal como metanol (MeOH), em uma temperatura de cerca de 0°C, conforme indicado em b. Esquema 6
[0057] Os compostos de Fórmula 7.2, em que R3 e R12 são conforme definidos originalmente e equivalentes, podem ser preparados de acordo com os métodos explicitados no Esquema 7, etapas a - b. Os compostos de Fórmula 7.1, em que R3 e R12 são conforme descritos anteriormente, podem ser preparados a partir de compostos de Fórmula 7.0, através de tratamento com um catalisador, tal como SbCb, em um solvente halogenado tal como DCM em uma temperatura de cerca de 23°C, conforme indicado em a. Os compostos de Fórmula 7.2, em que R3 e R12 são conforme descritos anteriormente, podem ser preparados a partir do composto de Fórmula 7.1, em que R3 e R12 são conforme descritos anteriormente, através de tratamento com um reagente de hidreto, tal como complexo de dimetil sulfeto de borano, na presença de um catalisador, tal como (R)-(+)-2-Metil-CBS-oxazaborolidina, em um solvente prótico polar, tal como metanol (MeOH), em uma temperatura de cerca de 23°C, conforme indicado em b. Esquema 7
[0058] Os compostos de Fórmula 8.1, em que n é tanto 0 ou 1, e W é tanto CH2 ou O, podem ser preparados de acordo com o método explicitado no Esquema 8, etapa a. Os compostos de Fórmula 8.1, em que n é tanto 0 ou 1, e W é tanto CH2 ou O, podem ser preparados a partir de compostos de Fórmula 8.0, em que n é tanto 0 ou 1, e W é tanto CH2 ou O, através de tratamento com uma base, tal como n-butillítio (n-BuLi), e um aldeído, tal como acetaldeído, em um solvente aprótico polar tal como THF em uma temperatura de cerca de -78°C a 23°C, conforme indicado em a. Esquema 8
[0059] Os compostos de Fórmula 9.1, em que R3 e R12 são conforme definidos originalmente, podem ser preparados de acordo com o método explicitado no Esquema 9, etapa a. Os compostos de Fórmula 9.1, em que R3 e R12 são conforme definidos originalmente, podem ser preparados a partir de compostos de Fórmula 9.0, em que R3 é como originalmente definido (Fórmula 9.0 está tanto comercialmente disponível, ou pode ser preparada a partir da epoxidação Shi assimétrica do precursor de E-olefina correspondente, conforme relatado em Wang, Z.-X.; Tu, Y.; Frohn, M; Zhang, J.-R.; Shi, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 11224), através de tratamento com uma suspensão pré-misturada de um sal de cobre (I), tal como iodeto de cobre (Cul), e um nucleófilo organometálico, tal como brometo de 4- (trifluorometil)fenilmagnésio em um solvente aprótico polar tal como THF, em uma temperatura de cerca de -78°C a 23°C, conforme mostrado em a. Esquema 9
[0060] Os compostos de Fórmula 10.2, em que R1, R2, R3, R4 e R12 são conforme definidos originalmente, podem ser preparados de acordo com o método explicitado no Esquema 10, etapa a. Os compostos de Fórmula 10.0, em que R1 é como originalmente definido, pode ser tratado com álcoois de Fórmula 10.1, em que R2, R3, R4 e R12 são como originalmente definidos, e um reagente de acoplamento tal como cloridrato de 3-(etiliminometilenoamino)-N,N-dimetilpropan-1-amina (EDC), e um catalisador tal como N,N-dimetilpiridin-4-amina (DMAP) em um solvente halogenado como DCM para render os compostos de Fórmula 10.2, em que R1, R2, R3, R4 e R12 são como definidos anteriormente, conforme mostrado em a. Esquema 10
[0061] Os compostos de Fórmula 11.2, em que Ri, R2, R3, R4, R6, R12 e Z são como originalmente definidos, podem ser preparados de acordo com os métodos explicitados no Esquema 11, etapas a - b. Conforme retratado em a, os compostos de Fórmula 11.2, em que R1, R2, R3, R4 e R12 são como originalmente definidos, podem ser submetidos a um ácido, tal como uma solução 4 normal (N) de cloreto de hidrogênio (HCl) em dioxano, em um solvente halogenado tal como DCM para render os compostos de Fórmula 9.0, em que R1, R2, R3, R4 e R12 são como originalmente definidos, conforme mostrado em a.
[0062] Os compostos de Fórmula 11.0, em que R1, R2, R3, R4 e R12 são como originalmente definidos, podem ser tratados com os compostos de Fórmula 11.1, em que R6 e Z são como originalmente definidos, na presença de uma base, tal como di-isopropiletilamina (DIPEA), e um reagente de acoplamento peptídico, tal como hexafluorofosfato de benzotriazol-1-il-oxitripirrolidinofosfônio (PyBOP), em um solvente halogenado como DCM, para render os compostos de Fórmula 11.2, em que R1, R2, R3, R4, R6, R12 e Z são como originalmente definidos, conforme mostrado em b. Esquema 11
[0063] Os compostos de Fórmula 12.0, em que Ri, R2, R3, R4, R6, R7, R12 e Z são como originalmente definidos, podem ser preparados de acordo com o método explicitado no Esquema 12, etapa a. Conforme mostrado em a, os compostos de Fórmula 11.2, em que R1, R2, R3, R4, R6, R12 e Z são como originalmente definidos, podem ser tratados com um haleto de alquila adequado com ou sem um reagente tal como iodeto de sódio (Nal) e uma base de carbonato alcalina, tal como carbonato de sódio (Na2C,3) ou carbonato de potássio (K2CO3), em um solvente como acetona em uma temperatura de cerca de 55°C, ou através de tratamento com um haleto de acila na presença de uma base amina, tal como piridina, trietilamina (Et3‘), DMAP, ou misturas dos mesmos, em um solvente aprótico tal como DCM, em uma temperatura de cerca de 23°C, para render os compostos de Fórmula 12.0 em que R1, R2, R3, R4, R6, R7, R12 e Z são como originalmente definidos. Esquema 12
[0064] A química nos exemplos que seguem pode ser conduzida seja usando enantiômero de ácido 2-((terc-butoxicarbonil)amino) propanoico (Boc-Ala-OH) ou enantiômero protegido (PMB ou Bn) ou enantiômero não protegido do lactato de etila.
[0066] A uma solução de 2-(benzilóxi) propanoato de (S)-etila (2.08 gramas (g), 10.0 millimoles (mmol)) em tetra-hidrofurano (THF; 20 mililitros (mL)) em 0°C foi lentamente adicionado brometo de (4-flu- orofenil)magnésio (31.3 mL, 25.0 mmol, 0.8 molar (M) em THF) durante um período de 10 minutos (min). O recipiente de reação foi deixado aquecer lentamente até a temperature ambiente durante 2 horas (h), e a mistura de reação foi temperada através de adição cuidadosa de cloreto de amónio saturado (sat.) aquoso (NH4Cl; 50 mL). A mistura foi diluída com dietil éter (Et2,; 50 mL), as fases foram separadas, e a fase aq. foi extraída com Et2, (2 x 50 mL). As fases orgânicas combinadas foram lavadas com cloreto de sódio sat. aq. (NaCl, salmoura; 100 mL), secas sobre sulfato de sódio (Na2—O4), filtradas e concentradas. O óleo resultante foi purificado por cromatografia em coluna rápida (sílica gel (SiO2), 0-5% acetona em hexanos) para render o composto título (3.28 g, 93%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (300 MHz, CDCh) δ 7.47 - 7.38 (m, 2H), 7.38 - 7.27 (m, 5H), 7.17 - 7.09 (m, 2H), 7.04 - 6.89 (m, 4H), 4.64 (dd, J= 11.4, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 4.51 - 4.38 (m, 2H), 3.12 (s, 1H), 1.11 (d, J= 6.1 Hz, 3H); 19F RMN (376 MHz, CDCl3) δ -116.19, -116.41; ESIMS m/z 377 ([M+Na]+).
[0068] A uma solução de (S)-2-(benzilóxi)-1,1-bis(4-fluorofenil) propan-1-ol (709 milligramas (mg), 2.00 mmol) em diclorometano (DCM; 20 mL) emt 0°C foi adicionado trietilsilano (Et3SiH; 3.19 mL, 20.0 mmol) seguido por ácido 2,2,2-trifluoroacético (TFA; 1.53 mL, 20.0 mmol). A mistura foi agitada em 0°C por 1 h. A solução resultante foi temperada através da adição cuidadosa de bicarbonato de sódio sat. aq. (NaHC,3; 20 mL). As fases foram separadas, e a fase aq. foi extraída com DCM (2 x 30 mL). As fases orgânicas combinadas foram lavadas com salmoura (50 mL), secas sobre Na2S,4, filtradas e concentradas. O óleo resultante foi purificado por cromatografia em coluna rápida (SO2, 0- 10% acetona em hexanos) para render o composto título (627 mg, 92%) como um sólido branco: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCh) δ 7.31 - 7.22 (m, 5H), 7.21 - 7.16 (m, 2H), 7.10 - 7.03 (m, 2H), 7.00 - 6.91 (m, 4H), 4.54 (dd, J= 11.5, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 4.31 (dd, J= 11.6, 0.8 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (dq, J= 8.1,6.1 Hz, 1H), 3.93 (d, J= 8.1 Hz, 1H), 1.18 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 3H); 19F RMN (376 MHz, CDCh) δ -116.60, - 117.10; ESFMS (m/z) 361 ([M+Na]+).
[0070] A uma suspensão de hidreto de sódio (NaH; 52.0 mg, 1.30 mmol, 60% de peso em peso (p/p) em óleo mineral) em N,N- dimetilformamida (DMF; 3 mL) a 0°C foi adicionada uma solução de (S)-2- (benzilóxi)-1,1-difenilpropan-1-ol (318 mg, 1 mmol) em DMF (1 mL). A mistura de reação foi agitada em temperatura ambiente por 30 min e depois resfriada até 0°C. O iodometano (Mel; 93,0 microlitros (μl), 1,50 mmol) foi adicionado e a mistura de reação foi agitada em temperatura ambiente por 1 h. A solução resultante foi temperada através da adição cuidadosa de NaHC,3 sat. aq. (10 mL). A mistura foi diluída com dietil éter (Et2,; 10 mL), as fases foram separadas e a fase aq. foi extraída com Et2, (2 x 10 mL). As fases orgânicas combinadas foram lavadas com salmoura (20 mL), secas sobre Na2SO4, filtradas e concentradas. O óleo resultante foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (SiO2, 0- 5% acetona em hexanos) para render o composto título (295 mg, 89%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCb) δ 7.47 - 7.41 (m, 2H), 7.40 - 7.35 (m, 2H), 7.33 - 7.18 (m, 11H), 4.69 (d, J= 11.9 Hz, 1H), 4.54 (d, J= 12.3 Hz, 1H), 4.50 (q, J= 6.1 Hz, 1H), 3.13 (s, 3H), 1.10 (d, 7= 6.1 Hz, 3H); 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCI3) δ 142.96, 141.31, 138.79, 129.13, 128.54, 128.14, 127.61, 127.16, 127.08, 126.95, 126.69, 99.99, 85.35, 78.13, 70.80, 52.46, 13.65; ESFMS (m/z) 333 ([M+H]+).
[0072] A uma solução de (S)-2-(benziIóxi)-1,1-difeniIpropan-1-oI (300 mg, 0.942 mmol) em DCM (5 mL) a 0°C foi adicionado trifluoreto de (dietilamino)enxofre (DAST; 1.88 mL, 1.88 mmol, 1 M in DCM). A reação foi lentamente aquecida até a temperatura ambiente durante 3 h. A solução resultante foi temperada através da adição cuidadosa de NaHCO3 sat. aq. (5 mL). As fases foram separadas, e a fase aq. foi extraída com DCM (2 x 10 mL). As fases orgânicas combinadas foram lavadas com salmoura (10 mL), secas sobre Na2S,4, filtradas e concentradas. O óleo resultante foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (Si,2, 0- 10% acetona em hexaneo) para render o composto título (300 mg, 98%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ 7.58 - 7.49 (m, 2H), 7.43 - 7.37 (m, 2H), 7.36 - 7.20 (m, 9H), 7.09 - 6.99 (m, 2H), 4.47 (d, J= 11.7 Hz, 1H), 4.37 - 4.25 (m, 2H), 1.26 (dd, J = 6.3, 1.3 Hz, 3H); 13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCI3) δ 142.23 (d, J= 22.7 Hz), 141.00 (d, J= 23.5 Hz), 138.03, 128.21, 128.16, 127.90 (d, J= 1.5 Hz), 127.80, 127.72 (d, J= 1.7 Hz), 127.52, 127.42 (d, J = 1.3 Hz), 126.23 (d, J= 9.6 Hz), 125.93 (d, J= 8.7 Hz), 99.96 (d, J= 180.8 Hz), 78.91 (d, J= 26.9 Hz), 71.68, 14.47 (d, J= 3.6 Hz); 19F RMN (376 MHz, CDCI3) δ -159.80.
[0073] Exemplo 2D, Etapa 1: Preparação de (5)-O-(2-(benziIóxi)- 1,1-bis(3,4,5-trifIuorofeniI)propiI) S-metil carbonoditioato.
[0074] A uma soIução de (S)-2-(benziIóxi)-1,1-bis(3,4,5-trifIuorofe- niI) propan-1-oI (496 mg, 1.16 mmoI) em THF anidro (5.8 mL) foi adicionado NaH (93.0 mg, 2.33 mmoI), seguido por imidazoI (3.96 mg, 0.0580 mmoI), e a mistura de reação foi agitada em temperatura ambiente por 1 h. O dissuIfeto de carbono (562 μI, 9.30 mmoI) foi adicionado com seringa em uma porção, seguido por MeI (579 μI, 9.30 mmoI), e a mistura de reação foi agitada em temperatura ambiente por 2 h. A mistura de reação foi diIuída com Et20 (5 mL) e temperada com NH4CI sat. aq. (10 mL). As camadas foram separadas e a camada aq. foi extraída com Et2, (3 x 10 mL). As camadas orgânicas combinadas foram secas sobre suIfato de magnésio (MgS,4), fiItradas e concentradas para render um óIeo Iaranja/marrom. O óIeo bruto foi purificado através de cromatografia em coIuna rápida (SiO2, 0- 50% acetato de etiIa (EtOAc) em hexanos) para render o composto títuIo (627 mg, 94%) como um óIeo cIaro de cor amareIa, briIhante: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ 7.40 - 7.27 (m, 3H), 7.24 - 7.16 (m, 2H), 7.02 (dd, J = 9.1, 6.6 Hz, 2H), 6.96 (dd, J= 8.8, 6.5 Hz, 2H), 5.44 (q, J= 6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.66 (d, J= 11.6 Hz, 1H), 4.51 (d, J= 11.6 Hz, 1H), 2.49 (s, 3H), 1.16 (d, 7= 6.1 Hz, 3H); 19F RMN (376 MHz, CDCh) δ -133.89 (d, 7= 20.7 Hz), - 134.73 (d, 7= 20.6 Hz), -159.83 (t, 7= 20.6 Hz), -160.56 (t, 7= 20.7 Hz); (peIícuIa fina) 2922, 1721, 1622, 1595, 1526, 1436, 1344, 1241, 1217, 1197, 1119, 1088, 1040, 965, 908, 861,822, 730, 712, 697, 672 cm 1.
[0075] Exemplo 2D, Etapa 2: Preparação de (S)-5,5'-(2-(benzilóxi) propano-1,1-di-il)bis(1,2,3-trifluorobenzeno).
[0076] Uma solução de (S)-O-(2-(benzilóxi)-1,1-bis(3,4,5-trifluoro- fenil)propil) S-metil carbonoditioato (598 mg, 1.16 mmol) em tolueno (200 mL) foi desgaseificada através de um procedimento de congelamento-desgaseificação-congelamento (3 ciclos usando nitrogênio líquido (N2)) sob uma atmosfera de N2. O hidreto de tributilestanho (3.12 mL, 11.6 mmol) foi então adicionado, o frasco de reação foi ajustado com um condensador de refluxo, e a mistura de reação foi aquecida até um refluxo leve (115°C). Uma solução de azobisisobutironitrila (AIBN; 0.200 g, 1.22 mmol) em tolueno desgaseificado (3 ciclos com N2 líquido, 32 mL) foi adicionada com seringa pelo condensador de refluxo por mais de 3 h. Quando a lenta adição da AIBN estava completa, a mistura de reação foi agitada em refluxo de um dia para o outro. O solvente foi removido em vácuo para prover um óleo amarelo pálido. O óleo bruto foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (Si,2, 0- 30% EtOAc em hexanos) para render o composto título (358 mg, 72%) como um óleo claro, incolor: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCh) δ 7.28 (d, 7= 6.6 Hz, 3H), 7.17 - 7.06 (m, 2H), 6.92 (dd, 7= 8.5, 6.5 Hz, 2H), 6.79 (dd, 7= 8.3, 6.4 Hz, 2H), 4.59 (d, J= 11.7 Hz, 1H), 4.31 (d, J= 11.7 Hz, 1H), 4.02 (p, J= 6.2 Hz, 1H), 3.76 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1H), 1.19 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 3H); 19F RMN (376 MHz, CDCh) δ - 133.80 (d, J = 20.5 Hz), -134.34 (d, J= 20.5 Hz), -162.54 (t, J= 20.5 Hz), -162.84 (t, J= 20.5 Hz); (película fina) 2871, 1621, 1526, 1445, 1345, 1262, 1235, 1116, 1096, 1043, 859, 802, 728, 698, 679 cm-1.
[0078] A uma solução de (S)-4,4'-(2-(benzilóxi)propano-1,1-di- il)bis(fluorobenzeno) (575 mg, 1.70 mmol) em etanol (EtOH; 11 mL) e ciclo-hexeno (5.5 mL) em temperatura ambiente foi adicionado paládio em carbono (Pd/C; 362 mg, 0.0850 mmol, 2.5% p/p de Pd). A mistura de reação foi agitada a 65°C por 2 h, resfriada até a temperatura ambiente, filtrada através de uma almofada de Celite®, e concentrada para render o composto título (415 mg, 98%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ 7.36 - 7.29 (m, 2H), 7.25 - 7.18 (m, 2H), 7.09 - 6.93 (m, 4H), 4.47 (dqd, J= 8.2, 6.1, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 3.80 (d, J= 8.3 Hz, 1H), 1.55 (d, J= 3.3 Hz, 1H), 1.19 (d, J= 6.1 Hz, 3H); 13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCl3) 5 162.90 (d, J= 23.3 Hz), 160.46 (d, J= 23.1 Hz), 138.15 (d, J= 3.1 Hz), 136.94 (d, J= 3.6 Hz), 130.14 (d, J= 7.8 Hz), 129.55 (d, J= 7.8 Hz), 115.70 (d, J= 18.8 Hz), 115.49 (d, J = 18.8 Hz), 70.07, 58.61,21.63; 19F RMN (376 MHz, CDCh) δ -115.84, -116.19.
[0080] A uma solução de (S)-1,1-bis(2-fluorofenil)-2-((4-metoxiben- zil)óxi)propan-1-ol (790 mg, 2.06 mmol) em DCM (20 mL) a 0°C foi adicionado Et3—iH (3.28 mL, 20.6 mmol) seguido por TFA (1.57 mL, 20.6 mmol). A mistura foi agitada a 0°C por 1 h. A solução resultante foi temperada através da adição cuidadosa de NaHCO3 sat. aq. (20 mL). As fases foram separadas, e a fase aq. foi extraída com DCM (2 x 30 mL). As fases orgânicas combinadas foram lavadas com salmoura (50 mL), secas sobre Na2—O4, filtradas e concentradas. O óleo resultante foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (Si,2, 0- 10% acetona em hexanos) para render o composto título (388 mg, 71%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCh) δ 7.90 - 7.77 (m, 1H), 7.70 (tt, J= 8.2, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.31 - 7.10 (m, 4H), 6.97 (ddd, J= 12.7, 8.1, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (ddd, J= 11.8, 8.0, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 5.11 (qd, J= 6.3, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 3.49 (s, 1H), 2.27 (s, 1H), 1.09 (d, J= 6.3 Hz, 3H); 19F RMN (376 MHz, CDCh) δ -112.90 (d, J= 8.3 Hz), -113.92 (d, J= 8.4 Hz); ESIMS (m/z) 551([2M+Na]+).
[0082] A uma solução de (S)-1,1-bis(4-bromofenil)-2-((4-metoxi- benzil)óxi)propan-1-ol (1.80 g, 3.56 mmol) em DCM (18 mL) a 0°C foi adicionado Et3SiH (5.68 mL, 35.6 mmol) seguido por TFA (2.72 mL, 35.6 mmol). A mistura foi aquecida lentamente até a temperatura ambiente durante 3 h. A solução resultante foi temperada através da adição cuidadosa de NaHCO3 sat. aq. (20 mL). As fases foram separadas, e a fase aq. foi extraída com DCM (2 x 30 mL). As fases orgânicas combinadas foram lavadas com salmoura (50 mL), secas sobre Na2-O4, filtradas e concentradas. O óleo resultante foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (SÍO2, 0- 10% acetona em hexanos) para render o composto título (742 mg, 56%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (300 MHz, CDCh) δ 7.51 - 7.36 (m, 4H), 7.25 - 7.17 (m, 2H), 7.18 - 7.06 (m, 2H), 4.48 (dq, J= 8.2, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 3.76 (d, J= 8.2 Hz, 1H), 2.80 (s, 1H), 1.19 (d, J= 6.2 Hz, 3H); 13C RMN (75 MHz, CDCh) δ 140.94, 139.85, 131.98, 131.85, 130.39, 129.84, 121.06, 120.72, 69.82, 58.91, 21.65; (Película fina) 3390, 3024, 2969, 2900, 1486, 1072 cm-1.
[0083] Exemplo 3D, Etapa 1: Preparação de (S)-1,1-bis(4-((trime- tilsilil)etinil)-fenil)propan-2-ol .
[0084] A uma solução de (S)-1,1-bis(4-bromofenil)propan-2-ol (1.01 g, 2.72 mmol) em THF (9 mL) foi adicionado dicloreto de bis(trifenilfosfina)paládio (0.095 g, 0.136 mmol) e iodeto de cobre(l) (Cul; 0.026 g, 0.136 mmol). A mistura foi borrifada com N2 por 20 min, e trietilamina (Et3‘; 4.53 mL) foi adicionada em gotas. À mistura resultante foi adicionado etiniltrimetilsilano (1.15 mL, 8.15 mmol) em gotas e a mistura foi aquecida até refluxo e agitada de um dia para o outro. A mistura foi resfriada até a temperatura ambiente, e a reação foi temperada com NaHCO3 aq. sat. Os produtos foram extraídos com EtOAc (2x), e as camadas orgânicas combinadas foram lavadas com salmoura, secas sobre Na2SO4, filtradas e concentradas. O resíduo bruto foi então purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (SÍO2, 0- 20% acetona em hexanos) para prover o composto título (495 mg, 45%) como uma espuma marrom: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.48 - 7.42 (m, 2H), 7.42 - 7.37 (m, 2H), 7.33 - 7.27 (m, 2H), 7.24 - 7.17 (m, 2H), 4.51 (dqd, J= 12.2, 6.1, 3.5 Hz, 1H), 3.81 (d, J= 8.3 Hz, 1H), 1.60 (d, J= 3.8 Hz, 1H), 1.18 (d, J= 6.1 Hz, 3H), 0.26 (s, 9H), 0.26 (s, 9H); 13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCI3) δ 142.55, 141.48, 132.42, 132.29, 128.69, 128.15, 121.90, 121.57, 104.76, 104.71, 94.49, 94.33, 69.76, 59.96, 21.55, 0.00; (película fina) 3397, 2960, 2156, 1501, 1248, 861,840 cm-1; HRMS-ESI (m/z) [M+H]+ calcd para C25H33θSi2, 405.2064; encontrado, 405.2070.
[0086] A uma solução de (S)-1,1-bis(4-((trimetilsilil)etinil)fenil) propan-2-ol (0.470 g, 1.16 mmol) em metanol (MeOH; 5.8 mL) foi adicionado carbonato de potássio (K2CO3; 0.482 g, 3.48 mmol). A mistura foi agitada por 1 h em temperatura ambiente e depois filtrada através de Celite®. A torta filtro foi lavada com MeOH, e o filtrado foi concentrado. O material bruto foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (SiO2, 0- 20% acetona em hexanos) para prover o composto título (288 mg, 95%) como um óleo amarelo: 1H RMN (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.48 - 7.43 (m, 2H), 7.43 - 7.39 (m, 2H), 7.35 - 7.29 (m, 2H), 7.24 - 7.19 (m, 2H), 4.51 (dqd, J= 8.3, 6.1,3.7 Hz, 1H), 3.82 (d, J= 8.3 Hz, 1H), 3.05 (s, 1H), 3.04 (s, 1H), 1.63 - 1.55 (m, 1H), 1.18 (d, J= 6.1 Hz, 3H); 13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCh) δ 142.84, 141.82, 132.60, 132.48, 128.74, 128.22, 120.87, 120.57, 83.31,83.29, 77.39, 77.29, 69.73, 59.96, 21.66; (Película fina) 3436, 3280, 2968, 2106, 1499, 1075, 825 cm-1; HRMS-ESI (m/z) [M+H]+ calcd para C19H17O, 261.1274; encontrado, 261.1272.
[0088] A uma solução de (S)-1,1-bis(4-etinilfenil)propan-2-ol (0.144 g, 0.553 mmol) em EtOAc (2.8 mL) foi adicionado paládio (5% em peso (p) em carbono, base seca; 0.235 g, 0.055 mmol).
[0089] A mistura foi agitada sob um balão de hidrogênio de um dia para o outro. A mistura foi filtrada através de Celite®, e a torta filtro foi lavada com EtOAc. O filtrado combinado foi então concentrado, e o resíduo bruto foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (Si,2, 0- 25% acetona em hexanos) para prover o composto título (97.0 mg, 65%) como um óleo claro: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCh) δ 7.33 - 7.25 (m, 2H), 7.22 -7 .15 (m, 2H), 7.18 - 7.11 (m, 2H), 7.10 (d, J= 8.1 Hz, 2H), 4.51 (dqd, J = 8.7, 6.1, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 3.74 (d, J= 8.9 Hz, 1H), 2.65 - 2.53 (m, 4H), 1.68 (d, J= 2.8 Hz, 1H), 1.23 - 1.14 (m, 9H); 13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCh) δ 142.74, 142.33, 139.94, 138.91, 128.48, 128.40, 128.07, 128.02, 70.19, 60.02, 28.41, 28.39, 21.37, 15.47, 15.46; (Película fina) 3421, 2963, 1510, 1110, 821 cm"1; HRMS-ESI (m/z) ([M+Na]+) calcd para CwH24NaO, 291.1719; encontrado, 291.1725.
[0091] A uma solução de 9H-xanteno (364 mg, 2.00 mmol) em THF (10 mL) a -78°C foi adicionado n-butillítio (2.5 M em hexanos; 0.880 mL, 2.20 mmol). A mistura foi agitada a -78°C por 30 min. Acetaldeído (0.226 mL, 4.00 mmol) foi adicionado, e a mistura de reação foi aquecida lentamente até a temperatura ambiente de um dia para o outro. A solução resultante foi temperada através da adição cuidadosa de NH4Cl sat. aq. (10 mL). As fases foram separadas, e a fase aq. foi extraída com Et2, (2 x 15 mL). As fases orgânicas combinadas foram lavadas com salmoura (20 mL), secas sobre Na2SO4, filtradas e concentradas. O óleo resultante foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (Si,2, 0- 10% acetona em hexanos) para render o composto título (216 mg, 48%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCh) δ 7.33 - 7.22 (m, 4H), 7.17 - 7.04 (m, 4H), 3.99 (d, J= 5.1 Hz, 1H), 3.96 - 3.82 (m, 1H), 1.54 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1H), 1.00 (d, J= 6.3 Hz, 3H); 13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCh) δ 152.94, 152.65, 129.54, 129.30, 128.19, 128.17, 123.18, 123.14, 122.48, 121.73, 116.59, 116.41, 73.07, 47.06, 18.81; ESIMS (m/z) 475 ([2M+Na]+).
[0093] A uma mistura de limalhas de magnésio (102 mg, 4.20 mmol) in Et2θ (4 mL) foi adicionado 1-bromo-4-(trifluorometil) benzeno (0.588 mL, 4.20 mmol) em temperatura ambiente, seguido por Mel (5 μL). Mediante o aquecimento com uma ebulição suave usando uma pistola de calor, a mistura se tornou de cor amarela/marrom. A reação foi então agitada em um banho maria em temperatura ambiente por 30 min até que quase todo o magnésio estivesse consumido. Isto foi adicionado a uma suspensão de iodeto de cobre (I) (Cul; 400 mg, 2.10 mmol) em Et2, (4 mL) a -78°C. A reação foi agitada em -20°C por 30 min, depois resfriada até -78°C, e (2S,3S)-2-metil-3-feniloxirano (0.201 mL, 1.50 mmol) foi adicionado. A mistura resultante foi aquecida lentamente até a temperatura ambiente de um dia para o outro. A solução resultante foi temperada através da adição cuidadosa de NH4Cl sat. aq. (10 mL). As fases foram separadas, e a fase aq. foi extraída com Et2, (2 x 15 mL). As fases orgânicas combinadas foram lavadas com salmoura (20 mL), secas sobre Na2S,4, filtradas e concentradas. O óleo resultante foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (SiO2, 0- 10% acetona em hexanos) para render o composto título (390 mg, 94%) como um óleo amarelo claro: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCh) δ 7.60 - 7.50 (m, 2H), 7.48 - 7.38 (m, 2H), 7.38 -7.33 (m, 4H), 7.30 - 7.23 (m, 1H), 4.58 (dqd, J= 8.4, 6.1, 3.5 Hz, 1H), 3.88 (d, J= 8.5 Hz, 1H), 1.65 (d, J= 3.6 Hz, 1H), 1.20 (d, J= 6.1 Hz, 3H); 19F RMN (376 MHz, CDCh) δ - 62.49; ESIMS (m/z) 263 ([M-OH]+).
[0095] A uma suspensão de 4-bromobenzonitrila (546 mg, 3.00 mmol) e carbonato de césio (977 mg, 3.00 mmol) in THF (10 mL) sob uma atmosfera de N2 foi adicionada acetona (1.10 mL, 15.00 mmol), seguido por X-Phos Pd G3 (50.8 mg, 0.060 mmol). Depois, o frasco foi vedado e aquecido até 55°C por 4 dias. A reação foi diluída com EtOAc (30 mL) e lavada com NH4Cl sat. (3 x 10 mL), água (15 mL) e salmoura (15 mL). Depois, a fase orgânica foi seca sobre Na2—O4, filtrada e concentrada. O óleo resultante foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (SiO2, 0- 40% EtOAc em hexanos) para render o composto título (174 mg, 22%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCh) δ 7.66 (d, J= 8.4 Hz, 4H), 7.34 (d, J= 8.3 Hz, 4H), 5.21 (s, 1H), 2.29 (s, 3H); 13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCh) δ 203.68, 142.15, 132.75, 129.64, 118.21, 112.00, 64.25, 30.43; ESIMS m/z 261 ([M+H]+).
[0097] A uma solução de 4,4'-(2-oxopropano-1, 1 -di-il) dibenzonitrila (174 mg, 0.668 mmol) em tolueno (4.5 mL) foi adicionado (R)-1-metil- 3,3-difenilexaidropirrolo[1,2-c][1,3,2]oxazaborol (solução 1M em tolueno, 66.8 μl, 0.067 mmol). Depois, a reação foi resfriada até 0°C e uma solução de BH3-DMS (69.8 μl, 0.735 mmol) em 0.5 mL de tolueno foi adicionada durante 2 min. O frasco foi deixado agitar a 0°C. Depois de 2h, a reação foi temperada com metanol (0.5 mL), diluída com EtOAc e adicionada água. As fases foram separadas e a fase aquosa foi extraída com EtOAc x 2. As fases orgânicas combinadas foram lavadas com salmoura (20 mL), secas sobre Na2SO4, filtradas e concentradas. O óleo resultante foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (SiO2, 0- 50% EtOAc em hexanos) para render o composto título (99.7 mg, 57%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ d 7.60 (dd, J= 8.4, 6.8 Hz, 4H), 7.51 - 7.46 (m, 2H), 7.43 - 7.37 (m, 2H), 4.63 - 4.47 (m, 1H), 3.97 (d, J= 7.5 Hz, 1H), 1.97 (d, J= 3.8 Hz, 1H), 1.21 (d, J= 6.2 Hz, 3H).13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCI3) δ 146.91, 145.86, 132.60, 132.45, 129.90, 129.19, 118.58, 118.51, 110.96, 110.92, 69.19, 59.56, 22.27; ESIMS m/z 263 ([M+H]+).
[0099] A uma mistura magneticamente agitada de 2,3-difeniIbutano- 2,3-dioI (500 mg, 2.06 mmol) em DCM (10 mL) foi adicionado pentacloreto de antimônio (26.5 μl, 0.206 mmoI) sob atmosfera gasosa. A mistura de reação foi agitada a 25°C por 1 h e depois foi temperada pela adição lenta de NaHCO3 sat. aq. A mistura resultante foi diluída com água e DCM adicional, e a camada orgânica foi separada ao passar através de um separador de fases. O óleo resultante foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (Si,2, 0- 5% acetona em hexanos) para render o composto título (330 mg, 71%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ 7.36 - 7.31 (m, 4H), 7.30 - 7.25 (m, 2H), 7.23 - 7.15 (m, 4H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 1.87 (s, 3H); 13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCI3) δ 209.16, 143.59, 128.36, 126.91, 62.32, 27.62, 26.42; ESIMS m/z 225 ([M+H]+).
[0101] A uma solução de 3,3-difeniIbutan-2-ona (150 mg, 0.669 mmol) em tolueno (4.5 mL) foi adicionado (R)-1-metil-3,3-difenilexai- dropirrolo[1,2-c][1,3,2]oxazaborol (solução 1M em tolueno, 134 μl, 0.134 mmol). Depois, uma solução de BH3-DMS (70.2 μl, 0.702 mmol) em 0.5 mL de tolueno foi adicionada à mistura de reação durante 2 min. O frasco foi deixado agitar em temperatura ambiente. Depois de 1 h, a reação foi temperada com metanol (0.5 mL). DCM e água foram adicionados e as fases foram separadas. A fase aquosa foi extraída com DCM (2x). As fases orgânicas combinadas foram lavadas com salmoura (20 mL), secas sobre Na2—O4, filtradas e concentradas. O óleo resultante foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (SiO2, 0- 20% acetona em hexanos) para render o composto título (150 mg, 99%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCh) δ d 7.39 - 7.17 (m, 10H), 4.70 - 4.61 (m, 1H), 1.67 (s, 3H), 1.51 (d, J= 4.9 Hz, 1H), 1.11 (d, J= 6.3 Hz, 3H); 13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCh) δ 147.30, 145.86, 128.40, 128.15, 128.05, 127.79, 126.20, 126.01, 72.28, 51.77, 23.26, 18.39; ESIMS m/z 227 ([M+H]+).
[0103] A uma solução de cloreto de isopropilmagnésio lítio (1.3 M em THF, 6.1 mL, 8.00 mmol) foi adicionado THF (2 mL) e 1-bromo-2,3- dimetoxibenzeno (1.74 g, 8.00 mmol). A solução marrom resultante foi aquecida em um refluxo suave (75°C temp. externa) por 2.5 h, depois resfriada até 0°C em um banho com água gelada. O 2-hidroxipropa- noato de (S)-metila (0.191 ml, 2 mmol) foi então adicionado gota a gota com seringa. A reação foi agitada a 0°C por 1 h, depois removida do banho gelado e agitada de um dia para o outro em rt. A reação foi resfriada até 0°C em um banho com água gelada, diluída com água (20 mL), salmoura (20 mL) e Et2, (40 mL) e foi temperada com HCl 1N (8 mL). As fases foram separadas e a fase aquosa foi extraída com Et2, (20 mL). As fases orgânicas foram combinadas, secas sobre MgSO4, filtradas, e concentradas para prover um óleo. A purificação através da cromatografia em coluna de sílica gel automatizada (5-50% EtOAc em hexanos) proveu o composto título (568 mg, 82%) como um sólido cristalino, amarelo: 1H RMN (300 MHz, CDCh) δ 7.43 (td, J= 8.0, 1.5 Hz, 2H), 7.11 (td, 7= 8.1, 4.9 Hz, 2H), 6.83 (dd, 7= 8.1, 1.4 Hz, 2H), 5.06 - 4.82 (m, 1H), 4.74 (d, 7= 1.2 Hz, 1H), 3.81 (s, 3H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 3.20 (s, 3H), 3.04 (s, 3H), 2.86 (d, 7= 9.5 Hz, 1H), 0.97 (d, 7 = 6.4 Hz, 3H); 13C RMN (126 MHz, CDCh) δ 152.89, 152.82, 146.94, 145.53, 139.56, 138.92, 123.32, 123.26, 122.01, 1 19.01, 111.30, 79.20, 77.22, 60.07, 59.26, 55.77, 55.64, 18.34; HRMS-ESI (m/z) ([M+Na]+) calcd para C19H24,6Na ; 371.1465; encontrado, 371.1456.
[0105] A uma solução de (S)-1, 1 -bis(2,3-dimetoxifenil)propano-1,2- diol (560 mg, 1.61 mmol) em CH2CI2 anidro (8 mL) a 0°C foi adicionado trietilsilano (770 μl, 4.82 mmol) e ácido trifluoroacético (TFA, 124 μl, 1.61 mmol). A solução resultante foi agitada a 0°C por 2 h, depois removida a partir do banho gelado e agitada por 2 h. TFA (248 μL, 3.2 mmol) foi adicionado e a reação foi então agitada de um dia para o outro em rt. A reação foi diluída com água (25 mL) e extraída com CH2CI2 (3x 25 mL). Os extratos orgânicos foram secos sobre Na2SO4, filtrados e concentrados para prover um óleo. A purificação através de cromatografia em coluna de sílica gel automatizada (5-25% acetona em hexanos) proveu o composto título (396 mg, 75%) como um sólido branco: 1H RMN (300 MHz, CDCh) δ 6.99 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.87 (dd, J= 8.2, 1.5 Hz, 2H), 6.67 - 6.54 (m, 2H), 5.86 (s, 1H), 3.87 (s, 6H), 3.75 (s, 6H), 2.25 (s, 3H); 13C RMN (126 MHz, CDCI3) δ 207.18, 152.69, 147.02, 132.23, 123.74, 121.61, 111.64, 60.36, 55.74, 51.96, 29.80; HRMS-ESI (m/z) ([M+Na]+) calcd para CwHssOsNa, 353.1359; encontrado, 353.1353.
[0107] A uma solução de 1,1-bis(2,3-dimetoxifenil)propan-2-ona (356 mg, 1.08 mmol) em metanol (3.5 mL) foi adicionado boroidreto de sódio (61 mg, 1.6 mmol). A solução resultante foi agitada em rt por 20 h, depois foi temperada com NH4CI sat. (1 mL), diluída com água (20 mL) e extraída com CH2CI2 (3x 20 mL). Os extratos orgânicos foram combinados, secos sobre Na2SO4, filtrados e concentrados para prover o composto título (360 mg, 100%) como um óleo: 1H RMN (300 MHz, CDCI3) δ 7.16 - 6.88 (m, 4H), 6.79 (ddd, J= 9.6, 7.8, 1.9 Hz, 2H), 4.81 (d, J= 8.3 Hz, 1H), 4.53 - 4.32 (m, 1H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.77 (s, 3H), 3.76 (s, 3H), 2.04 (d, J= 4.2 Hz, 1H), 1.22 (d, J= 6.2 Hz, 3H); 13C RMN (126 MHz, CDCh) δ 152.98, 152.83, 147.71, 147.04, 136.17, 135.33, 123.94, 123.62, 120.96, 120.84, 110.76, 110.48, 70.32, 60.26, 60.20, 55.66, 55.63, 45.11, 21.80; IR (película pura) 3451, 2935, 2833, 1582, 1473, 1428, 1266, 1215, 1167, 1125, 1088, 1068, 1004, 964, 908, 835, 809, 787, 748, 728.
[0108] Exemplo 4A: Preparação de 2-((terc-butoxicarbonil) amino)- propanoato de (S)-(S)-1,1-difenilpropan-2-ila.
[0109] A uma solução de (S)-1,1-difenilpropan-2-ol (317 mg, 1.493 mmol) em DCM (15 mL) a 0°C foram adicionados ácido (S)-2-((terc- butoxicarbonil)amino)propanoico (Boc-Ala-OH; 311 mg, 1.64 mmol) e N,N-dimetilpiridin-4-amina (DMAP; 18.2 mg, 0.149 mmol) seguidos por cloridrato de N1-((etilimino)metileno)-N3,N3-dimetilpropano-1,3-diamina (EDC; 573 mg, 2.99 mmol), e a mistura de reação foi agitada em temperatura ambiente de um dia para o outro e concentrada para dar um óleo amarelo. O material bruto foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (Si,2, 1 -M0% acetona em hexanos) para render o composto título (433 mg, 75%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCh) δ 7.42 - 7.07 (m, 10H), 5.80 (dq, J= 10.1, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.97 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.19 - 4.06 (m, 1H), 4.03 (d, J= 10.1 Hz, 1H), 1.41 (s, 9H), 1.23 (d, J= 6.1 Hz, 3H), 0.76 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCh) δ 172.83, 154.96, 141.52, 141.26, 128.79, 128.50, 128.10, 128.08, 126.91, 126.67, 79.62, 73.10, 57.98, 49.21, 28.33, 19.31, 17.98; ESIMS m/z 384 ([M+H]+).
[0110] Exemplo 5, Etapa 1: Preparação de cloreto de (S)-1-(((S)-1, 1 -difenilpropan-2-il)óxi)-1-oxopropan-2-amínio.
[0111] A uma solução de 2-((terc-butoxicarbonil) amino) -propa- noato de (S)-(S)-1,1-difenilpropan-2-ila (Cmpd 2; 433 mg, 1.13 mmol) em DCM (6 mL) foi adicionada uma solução 4N de HCl em dioxano (2.8 mL, 11.3 mmol), e a mistura foi agitada por 3 h em temperatura ambiente. O solvente foi evaporado sob uma corrente de N2 para prover o composto título (360 mg, 100%) como um sólido branco: ESIMS (m/z) 284 ([M+H]+).
[0112] Exemplo 5, Etapa 2: Preparação de 2-(3-hidróxi-4-metoxi- picolinamido) propanoato de (S)-(S)-1,1-difenilpropan-2-ila.
[0113] A uma solução de cloreto de (S)-1-(((S)-1,1 -difenilpropan-2- il)óxi)-1-oxopropan-2-amínio (Cmpd 46; 361 mg, 1.13 mmol) e ácido 3- hidróxi-4-metoxipicolínico (210 mg, 1.24 mmol) em DCM (11 mL) foram adicionados hexafluorofosfato de benzotriazol-1-il-oxitripirrolidinofosfônio (PyBOP; 646 mg, 1.24 mmol) e N-etil-N-isopropilpropan-2-amina (DIPEA; 0.651 mL, 3.72 mmol), e a mistura de reação foi agitada por 2h em temperatura ambiente. O solvente foi evaporado e o óleo bruto foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (SO2, 1 - 50% acetona em hexanos) para render o composto título (340 mg, 70%) como uma espuma branca: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCh) δ 12.10 (s, 1H), 8.34 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.98 (d, J= 5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.38 - 7.06 (m, 10H), 6.86 (d, J= 5.3, 1H), 5.83 (dq, J= 10.1,6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.52 (dq, J= 8.1,7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (d, J= 10.2 Hz, 1H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 1.26 (d, J= 6.1 Hz, 3H), 0.97 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCh) 5 171.67, 168.53, 155.34, 148.72, 141.38, 141.13, 140.40, 130.48, 128.80, 128.50, 128.10, 128.03, 126.95, 126.70, 109.39, 73.57, 57.93, 56.07, 47.85, 19.24, 17.61; HRMS-ESI (m/z) ([M+H]+) calcd para C25H27N2O5, 435.1920; encontrado, 435.1925.
[0114] Exemplo 6A: Preparação de 2-(3-acetóxi-4-metoxipicolina- mido) propanoato de (S)-(S)-1,1-difenilpropan-2-ila.
[0115] A uma solução de 2-(3-hidróxi-4-metoxipicolinamido)-propa- noato de (S)-(S)-1,1-difenilpropan-2-ila (Cmpd 90; 70.0 mg, 0.161 mmol), Et3N (44.9 μl, 0.332 mmol) e DMAP (3.94 mg, 0.032 mmol) em DCM (3.2 mL) foi adicionado cloreto de acetila (17.2 μL, 0.242 mmol) em temperatura ambiente, e a mistura de reação foi agitada por 2 h. O solvente foi evaporado e o óleo bruto resultante foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (Si,2, 1 40% acetona em hexanos) para render o composto título (75.0 mg, 97%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCh) δ 8.41 (d, J= 7.8 Hz, 1H), 8.30 (d, J= 5.4 Hz, 1H), 7.38 - 7.10 (m, 10H), 6.97 (d, J= 5.4 Hz, 1H), 5.82 (dq, J= 10.0, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 4.52 (dt, J= 8.2, 7.1 Hz, 1H), 4.05 (d, J= 10.1 Hz, 1H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 2.37 (s, 3H), 1.24 (d, J= 6.1 Hz, 3H), 0.89 (d, J= 7.1 Hz, 3H); 13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCh) δ 172.23, 168.89, 162.28, 159.42, 146.66, 141.55, 141.44, 141.25, 137.45, 128.77, 128.50, 128.13, 128.1 1, 126.89, 126.67, 109.73, 73.32, 57.90, 56.27, 47.85, 20.75, 19.25, 17.92; HRMS-ESI (m/z) ([M+H]+) calcd para C27H29N2O6, 477.2025; encontrado, 477.2019.
[0116] Exemplo 6B: Preparação de 2-(3-(acetoximetóxi) -4-metoxi- picolinamido)propanoato de (S)-(S)-1,1-difenilpropan-2-ila.
[0117] A uma suspensão de 2-(3-hidróxi-4-metoxipicolinamido) - propanoato de (S)-(S)-1,1-difenilpropan-2-ila (Cmpd 90; 100 mg, 0.230 mmol) e K2CO3 (63.6 mg, 0.460 mmol) em acetona (4.6 mL) foi adicionado acetato de bromometila (33.9 iL, 0.345 mmol) em temperatura ambiente e a mistura foi aquecida até 55°C por 3 h e depois resfriada até a temperatura ambiente. O solvente foi evaporado e o material bruto resultante foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (SiO2, l - 40% acetona em hexanos) para render o composto título (94.0 mg, rendimento de 80%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCh) δ 8.25 (d, J= 5.4 Hz, 1H), 8.22 (d, J= 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.34 - 7.09 (m, 10H), 6.92 (d, J= 5.4 Hz, 1H), 5.83 (dq, J= 10.1,6.2 Hz, 1H), 5.72 (d, J= 0.7 Hz, 2H), 4.60 - 4.49 (m, 1H), 4.06 (d, J= 10.1 Hz, 1H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 2.05 (s, 3H), 1.25 (d, J= 6.1 Hz, 3H), 0.91 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCh) δ 172.33, 170.25, 162.88, 160.24, 145.70, 143.91, 142.54, 141.48, 141.25, 128.76, 128.49, 128.12, 128.09, 126.89, 126.65, 109.56, 89.50, 73.27, 57.92, 56.17, 48.07, 20.86, 19.25, 17.73; HRMS-ESI (m/z) [M+H]+ calcd para C28H31N2O7, 507.2131; encontrado, 507.2125.
[0118] Exemplo 6C: Preparação de 2-(3-((isobutirilóxi) metóxi) -4- metoxipicolinamido)propanoato de (S)-(S)-1,1-difenilpropan-2-ila.
[0119] A uma solução de 2-(3-hidróxi-4-metoxipicolinamido) - propanoato de (S)-(S)-1,1-difenilpropan-2-ila (Cmpd 90; 100 mg, 0.230 mmol) em acetona (4.6 mL) foram adicionados carbonato de sódio (Na2CO3; 73.2 mg, 0.690 mmol), iodeto de sódio (Nal; 6.90 mg, 0.046 mmol) e 2-etoxiacetato de clorometila (62.9 mg, 0.460 mmol). A mistura foi aquecida até 55°C de um dia para o outro e depois resfriada até a temperatura ambiente e o solvente foi evaporado. O resíduo resultante foi purificado através de cromatografia em coluna rápida (Si,2, 2 -^30% acetona em hexanos) para render o composto título (79.0 mg, 64%) como um óleo incolor: 1H RMN (400 MHz, CDCh) δ 8.28 (d, J= 7.9 Hz, 1H), 8.25 (d, J= 5.3 Hz, 1H), 7.36 - 7.08 (m, 10H), 6.92 (d, J= 5.4 Hz, 1H), 5.83 (dq, J= 10.1, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 5.79 - 5.69 (m, 2H), 4.62 - 4.44 (m, 1H), 4.06 (d, J= 10.1 Hz, 1H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 2.53 (hept, J= 7.0 Hz, 1H), 1.25 (d, J= 6.2 Hz, 3H), 1.13 (d, J= 7.0 Hz, 6H), 0.91 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13C RMN (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 176.22, 172.34, 162.85, 160.23, 145.55, 144.16, 142.18, 141.48, 141.26, 128.76, 128.49, 128.12, 128.09, 126.89, 126.65, 109.48, 89.90, 73.26, 57.93, 56.12, 48.07, 33.85, 19.26, 18.68, 17.74; HRMS-ESI (m/z) (|M+H]+) calcd para C30H35N2O7, 535.2444; encontrado, 535.2431.
[0120] Exemplo A: Avaliação da atividade fungicida: mancha da folha do trigo (Zymoseptoria tritici; Bayer code SEPTTR):
[0121] Os graus técnicos de materiais foram dissolvidos em acetona, os quais foram então misturados com nove volumes de água (H2O) contendo 110 ppm de Triton X-100. As soluções fungicidas foram aplicadas em mudas de trigo usando um pulverizador automatizado para a execução. Permitiu-se que todas as plantas secassem em ar antes de manuseio adicional. Todos os fungicidas foram avaliados usando o método mencionado acima por sua atividade vs. todas as doenças alvo, a menos que declarado de outra forma. A atividade da mancha da folha do trigo e da ferrugem marrom foi avaliada usando aplicações pulverizadoras, nas quais os fungicidas foram formulados como formulações EC, contendo 0.1% de Trycol 5941 nas soluções pulverizadoras.
[0122] As plantas do trigo (variedade Yuma) foram desenvolvidas a partir de sementes em uma estufa em 50% de solo mineral /50% de mistura Metro sem solo até que a primeira folha emergisse completamente, com 7-10 mudas por pote. Essas plantas foram inoculadas com uma suspensão de esporos aquosa de Zymoseptoria tritici seja antes ou depois dos tratamentos com fungicida. Depois da inoculação, as plantas foram mantidas em 100% de umidade relativa (um dia em uma câmara escura seguido por dois ou três dias em uma câmara iluminada a 20°C) para permitir que os esporos germinem e infectem a folha. As plantas foram então transferidas a uma estufa mantida a 20°C para a doença se desenvolver. Quando os sintomas da doença estavam totalmente expressados nas primeiras folhas de plantas não tratadas, os níveis de infecção foram avaliados em uma escala de 0 a 100 por cento na gravidade da doença. O controle da doença percentual foi calculado usando a razão da gravidade da doença em plantas tratadas relativa às plantas não tratadas.
[0123] Exemplo B: Avaliação da atividade fungicida: Ferrugem do trigo (Puccinia triticina; Sinônimo: Puccinia recôndita f. sp. tritici; código da Bayer PUCCRT):
[0124] As plantas do trigo (variedade Yuma) foram desenvolvidas a partir de sementes em uma estufa em 50% de solo mineral /50% de mistura Metro sem solo até que a primeira folha emergisse completamente, com 7-10 mudas por pote. Essas plantas foram inoculadas com uma suspensão de esporos aquosa de Puccinia triticina seja antes ou depois dos tratamentos com fungicida. Depois da inoculação, as plantas foram mantidas em 100% de umidade relativa de um dia para o outro para permitir que esporos germinem e infectem a folha. As plantas foram então transferidas a uma estufa mantida a 24°C para a doença se desenvolver. A formulação do fungicida, a aplicação e a avaliação da doença seguiram os procedimentos conforme descrito no Exemplo A.
[0125] Exemplo C: Avaliação da atividade fungicida: Mancha das Glumas do Trigo (Leptosphaeria nodorum; Bayer code LEPTNO):
[0126] As plantas do trigo (variedade Yuma) foram desenvolvidas a partir de sementes em uma estufa em 50% de solo mineral /50% de mistura Metro sem solo até que a primeira folha emergisse completamente, com 7-10 mudas por pote. Essas plantas foram inoculadas com uma suspensão de esporos aquosa de Leptosphaeria nodorum 24 h depois dos tratamentos com fungicida. Depois da inoculação, as plantas foram mantidas em 100% de umidade relativa (um dia em uma câmara escura seguido por dois ou três dias em uma câmara iluminada a 20°C) para permitir que os esporos germinem e infectem a folha. As plantas foram então transferidas a uma estufa mantida a 20°C para a doença se desenvolver. A formulação do fungicida, a aplicação e a avaliação da doença seguiram os procedimentos conforme descrito no Exemplo A.
[0127] Exemplo D: Avaliação da atividade fungicida: Sarna da macieira (Venturia inaequalis; código da Bayer VENTIN):
[0128] As mudas de maçã (variedade Mcintosh) foram desenvolvidas em mistura Metro sem solo, com uma planta por pote. As mudas com duas folhas jovens em expansão na parte superior (as folhas mais velhas na parte inferior das plantas foram podadas) foram usadas no teste. As plantas foram inoculadas com uma suspensão de esporos de Venturia inaequalis 24h depois do tratamento com fungicida e mantidas em câmara a 22°C com 100% de umidade relativa por 48 h, e depois movidas para uma estufa mantida a 20°C para a doença se desenvolver. A formulação do fungicida, a aplicação e a avaliação da doença seguiram os procedimentos conforme descrito no Exemplo A.
[0129] Exemplo E: Avaliação da atividade fungicida: Cercosporiose da Beterraba (Cercospora beticola; código da Bayer CERCBE):
[0130] As plantas de beterraba (variedade HH88) foram desenvolvidas em mistura Metro sem solo e podadas regularmente para menter um tamanho de planta uniforme antes do teste. As plantas foram inoculadas com uma suspensão de esporos 24h depois do tratamento com fungicida. As plantas inoculadas foram mantidas em uma câmara a 22°C por 48 h, depois incubadas em uma estufa mantida a 24°C sob uma capa de plástico clara com ventilação na parte inferior até que os sintomas da doença fossem totalmente expressados. A formulação do fungicida, a aplicação e a avaliação da doença nas folhas pulverizadas seguiram os procedimentos conforme descrito no Exemplo A.
[0131] Exemplo F: Avaliação da atividade fungicida: Ferrugem Asiática da Soja (Phakopsora pachyrhizi; código da Bayer PHAKPA):
[0132] Os graus técnicos de materiais foram dissolvidos em acetona, os quais foram então misturados com nove volumes de água (H2O) contendo 0.011% de Tween 20. As soluções fungicidas foram aplicadas em mudas de trigo usando um pulverizador automatizado para execução. Permitiu-se que todas as plantas secassem em ar antes de manuseio adicional.
[0133] As plantas de soja (variedade Williams 82) foram desenvolvidas em mistura Metro sem solo, com uma planta por pote. As mudas com duas semanas foram usadas para o teste. As plantas foram inoculadas seja 3 dias antes ou 1 dia depois dos tratamentos com fungicida. As plantas foram incubadas por 24 h em uma sala úmida escura a 22°C e 100% de umidade relativa, depois transferidas até uma sala de desenvolvimento em 23°C para a doença se desenvolver. A gravidade da doença foi avaliada nas folhas pulverizadas.
[0134] Exemplo G: Avaliação da atividade fungicida: Escaldadura da cevada (Rhyncosporium secalis; código da Bayer RHYNSE):
[0135] As mudas de cevada (variedade Harrington) foram propagadas em mistura Metro sem solo, com cada pote tendo 8 a 12 plantes, e usadas no teste quando a primeira folha emergiu completamente. As plantas de teste foram inoculadas por uma suspensão aquosa de esporo de Rhyncosporium secalis 24h depois dos tratamentos com fungicida. Depois da inoculação, as plantas foram mantidas em uma sala escura úmida a 22°C com 100% de umidade relativa por 48 h. As plantas foram então transferidas a uma estufa mantida a 20°C para a doença se desenvolver. A formulação do fungicida, a aplicação e a avaliação da doença nas folhas pulverizadas seguiram os procedimentos conforme descrito no Exemplo A.
[0136] Exemplo H: Avaliação da atividade fungicida: Brusone do Arroz (Pyricularia oryzae; código da Bayer PYRIOR):
[0137] As mudas do arroz (variedade Japonica) foram propagadas em mistura Metro sem solo, com cada pote tendo 8 a 14 plantas, e usadas no teste quando tinham 12 a 14 dias. As plantas de teste foram inoculadas com uma suspensão aquosa de esporos de Pyricularia oryzae 24 h depois dos tratamentos com fungicida. Depois da inoculação, as plantas foram mantidas em uma sala úmida a 22°C com 100% de umidade relativa por 48h para permitir que os esporos germinem e infectem a folha. As plantas foram então transferidas a uma estufa mantida a 24°C para a doença se desenvolver. A formulação do fungicida, a aplicação e a avaliação da doença seguiram os procedimentos conforme descrito no Exemplo A.
[0138] Exemplo I: Avaliação da atividade fungicida: Pinta Preta do Tomate (Alternaria solani; código da Bayer ALTESO):
[0139] As plantas de tomate (variedade Outdoor Girl) foram propagadas em mistura Metro sem solo, com cada pote tendo uma planta, e usadas quando tinham 12 a 14 dias. As plantas de teste foram inoculadas com uma suspensão aquosa de esporos de Alternaria solani 24 h depois dos tratamentos com fungicida. Depois da inoculação, as plantas foram mantidas em uma sala úmida a 22°C com 100% de umidade relativa por 48h para permitir que os esporos germinem e infectem a folha. As plantas foram então transferidas a uma estufa mantida a 22°C para a doença se desenvolver. A formulação do fungicida, a aplicação e a avaliação da doença seguiram os procedimentos conforme descrito no Exemplo A.
[0140] Exemplo J: Avaliação da atividade fungicida: Antracnose do Pepino (Colletotrichum lagenarium; código da Bayer COLLLA):
[0141] As mudas de pepino (variedade Bush Pickle) foram propagadas em mistura Metro sem solo, com cada pote tendo uma planta, e usadas quando tinham 12 a 14 dias. As plantas de teste foram inoculadas com uma suspensão aquosa de esporos de Colletotrichum lagenarium 24 hr depois dos tratamentos com fungicida. Depois da inoculação, as plantas foram mantidas em uma sala úmida a 22°C com 100% de umidade relativa por 48h para permitir que os esporos germinem e infectem a folha. As plantas foram então transferidas a uma estufa mantida a 22°C para a doença se desenvolver. A formulação do fungicida, a aplicação e a avaliação da doença seguiram os procedimentos conforme descrito no Exemplo A.
Cmpd No.: Número do Composto RMN=RMN • MP = PF Tabela 3. Escala de graduação do Teste Biológico Tabela 4. Atividade Biológica - Controle da doença PUCCRT e SEPTTR em aplicações de volume alto e baixo
Cmpd. No. - Número do Composto • PUCCRT - Ferrugem Marrom do Trigo (Puccinia triticina) • SEPTTR - Mancha da Folha do Trigo (Zymoseptoria tritici) • 1DP - Proteção de 1 dia • 3DC - Cura de 3 dias • g/H - Gramas por Hectare • ppm - partes por milhão Tabela 5. Atividade Biológica - Controle da Doença em 100 ppm
• Cmpd No. - Número do Composto • ALTESO - Pinta preta do tomate (Alternaria solan) • CERCBE - cercosporiose da beterraba (Cercospora beticola) • COLLLA - Antracnose do Pepino (Colletotricum lagenarium) • LEPTNO - Mancha das Glumas (Leptosphaeria nodorum) • 1DP - Proteção de 1 dia Tabela 6. Atividade Biológica - Controle da Doença em 100 ppm
• Cmpd. No. - Número do Composto • PYRIOR - Brusone do Arroz (Pyricularia oryzae) • RHYNSE - escaldadura da cevada (Rhynoscoporium secalis) • VENTIN - sarna da macieira (Venturia inaequalis) • 1DP - Proteção de 1 dia Tabela 7. Atividade Biológica - Controle da Doença em 25 ppm
• PHAKPA - Ferrugem Asiática da soja (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) • 1DP - Proteção de 1 dia • 3DC - Cura de 3 dias
Claims (3)
2. Composição, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizada pelo fato de que o patógeno fúngico é um da mancha da Folha do Trigo (Zymoseptoria tritici), Ferrugem do Trigo (Puccinia triticina), Ferrugem Linear (Puccinia striiformis), Sarna da macieira (Venturia inaequalis), carvão do milho (Ustilago maydis), Oídio da Videira (Uncinula necator), Escaldadura da cevada (Rhynchosporium secalis), Brusone do Arroz (Pyricularia oryzae), Ferrugem Asiática da Soja (Phakopsora pacyrhizi), Mancha das Glumas (Leptosphaeria nodorum), Oídio do Trigo (Blumeria graminis f. sp.tritici), Oídio da Cevada (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei), Oídio do Pepino (Erysiphe cichoracearum), Antracnose do Pepino (Colletotrichum lagenarium), Cercosporiose da Beterraba (Cercospora beticola), Pinta Preta do Tomate (Alternaria solani), e Mancha Reticulada (Pyrenophora teres).
3. Método para controle e prevenção de ataque fúngico em uma planta, caracterizado pelo fato de que inclui a etapa de aplicar uma quantidade fungicidamente eficaz de uma composição, como definida na reivindicação 1 ou 2, a pelo menos uma planta, uma área adjacente à planta, solo adaptado para suportar o crescimento da planta, uma raiz da planta, e folhagem da planta.
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2018
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- 2018-04-04 HK HK18104476.5A patent/HK1245236A1/zh unknown
- 2018-04-13 US US15/953,394 patent/US10588318B2/en active Active
- 2018-07-19 AU AU2018206798A patent/AU2018206798B2/en active Active
- 2018-10-31 US US16/176,664 patent/US10595531B2/en active Active
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2019
- 2019-03-20 AU AU2019201931A patent/AU2019201931B2/en active Active
- 2019-12-20 US US16/722,451 patent/US11284620B2/en active Active
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2020
- 2020-03-25 IL IL273591A patent/IL273591A/en unknown
- 2020-04-02 JP JP2020066794A patent/JP2020121983A/ja not_active Withdrawn
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2021
- 2021-02-02 AU AU2021200664A patent/AU2021200664B2/en active Active
- 2021-09-08 JP JP2021145967A patent/JP2022003033A/ja not_active Withdrawn
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2022
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2023
- 2023-03-10 JP JP2023037860A patent/JP2023088932A/ja active Pending
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