CN116916752A - 一种包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物及其防治植物致病菌的方法 - Google Patents
一种包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物及其防治植物致病菌的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116916752A CN116916752A CN202180095437.6A CN202180095437A CN116916752A CN 116916752 A CN116916752 A CN 116916752A CN 202180095437 A CN202180095437 A CN 202180095437A CN 116916752 A CN116916752 A CN 116916752A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P3/00—Fungicides
Abstract
本发明涉及一种包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物，含有活性成分化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮,所述化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮的重量配比为50:1‑1:25；本发明还提供一种预防或控制植物、植物部分、植物繁殖材料和随后长出的植物器官免受植物致病菌侵袭的方法；
Description
本发明涉及一种包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物；还涉及一种防治植物致病菌的方法。
含有单一活性成分的杀菌剂在农业病害防治上常常存在一定的缺陷，连续多次使用不但使病原菌易产生抗药性，且易造成对食品和环境的污染。通过杀菌剂活性成分之间合理混配可以提供在活性化合物的施用总量降低的情况下对植物致病菌具有改进的活性，以降低已知活性化合物的施用率并改进其活性谱。进而能够减轻甚至避免农药对食物和环境的污染。
化合物I由WO2016109257A1已知，其属于吡啶酰胺类化合物。化合物I可以保护植物或种子免受子囊菌纲、担子菌纲、半知菌纲、卵菌纲等植物病原性真菌的侵袭。
由于现在对杀菌剂的环境要求和经济要求持续提高，例如对活性谱、毒性、选择性、施用率、残余物组成和有利的制备可行性的要求，此外还由于在例如耐药性方 面可能存在问题。因此，提供更安全、具有更好的性能、施用剂量更低、更易于使用且成本更低的杀菌组合物是不断研究的课题。
发明内容
我们已发现，同时，即联合或分开施用化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮，或依次施用化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮使得比单独施用各个化合物更好地防治植物致病菌。
因此，本发明的一个目的是提供一种包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物，其中化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮以产生协同效应的量存在于该组合物中。当化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮的重量配比为50:1-1:25，优选为25:1-1:25，进一步优选为20:1-1:20，更优选为20:1-1:10，更优选10:1-1:10,更优选10:1-1:5,更优选10:1-1:2时，协同效应更加明显。
协同效应，指当活性成分组合的作用超过各单独组分的作用之和。对于给定的活性成分组合，预期作用E可使用所谓的"Colby公式"(参见S.R.Colby,"Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses of Herbicide Combinations“,Weeds 1967,15,20-22)如下计算:如果
X是当使用用量为m g/ha或浓度为mppm的活性化合物A时的活性；
Y是当使用用量为n g/ha或浓度为n ppm的活性化合物B时的活性，表示为占未处理对照的百分率；
E是当使用用量为m和n g/ha或浓度为m和nppm的活性化合物A和B时的 活性，
那么
如果实际观察的活性(O)大于预期活性(E)，即存在一种协同效应。
化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮产生的协同活性一方面使得化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮的施用率降低，同时其防效保持同样的好，这意味着甚至在这样一种低施用比率范围中，两种单独的组分已经变得总体无效的情况下，组合物仍能达到高度的植物病原菌控制；另一方面，使得可以被控制的植物病原菌谱的实质性拓宽。
本发明的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物可以在作物保护中用作叶面处理剂，亦可用于拌种和用作土壤处理剂。可以在栽培植物被侵染之前或之后施用根据本发明的杀菌组合物。
本发明的另外一个方面是提供一种预防或控制植物致病菌侵染栽培植物的方法，包括将本发明的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物作用于植物致病菌和/或其环境，或者植物、植物繁殖材料和随后长出的植物器官、土壤或栽培媒介、材料或空间中。
本发明提供一种预防或控制植物致病菌侵染栽培植物的方法，该方法包括将本发明的杀菌组合物以农学有效且基本无植物毒性的施用量以种子处理、叶面施用、茎施用、浸透、滴注、浇注、喷射、喷雾、撒粉、散布或发烟等方法施用至植物致病菌和/或其环境。
本发明的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物特别对以下的植物病害有效：小麦褐锈病(隐匿柄锈菌)；小麦条锈病((Puccinia striiformis)；小麦的斑枯病(禾生球腔菌(Mycosphaerella graminicola)；小麦壳针孢(Septoria tritici))；小麦颖枯病(glume blotch ofwheat)(颖枯球腔菌Leptosphaeria nodorum)：壳多孢属针孢(Stagonospora nodorum))；大麦斑点病(禾旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus sativum))；小麦根腐病(麦根腐长蠕孢(Helminthosporium sativum))；甜菜褐斑病(甜菜尾孢菌(Cercospora beticola))；花生叶斑病(落花生球腔菌((Mycosphaerella arachidis))；落花生尾孢(Cercospora arachidicola)；黄瓜炭疽病(瓜类炭疽病(Colletotrichum Iagenarium))；葫芦科刺盘孢(Colletotrichum lagenarium)；香蕉叶斑病(斐济球腔菌(Mycosphaerella fijiensis))； 白霉病(核盘菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum))；苹果黑星病(苹果黑星病菌(Venturia inaequalis)；葡萄白粉病(葡萄白粉病菌Erysiphe necator))；大麦烫伤病(大麦云纹病菌Rhynchosporium secalis))；稻瘟病(稻瘟病菌Pyricularia oryzae))；大豆锈病(豆薯层锈菌Phakopsora pachyrhizi))；小麦白粉病(小麦白粉病菌Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici))；瓜类白粉病(黄瓜白粉病Erysiphe cichoracearum)；番茄早疫病(番茄早疫病菌(Alternaria solani)；西瓜蔓枯病(甜瓜球腔菌Didymella bryoniae)；苹果白粉病(白叉丝单囊壳(Podosphaera leucotricha))；灰霉病(灰色葡萄孢菌Botrytis cinerea)；核盘菌属白霉病(油菜核盘霉Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)；水稻热病(稻热病菌Pyricularia oryzae)；核果褐腐病(桃褐腐病菌Monilinia fructicola))；黄瓜霜霉病(古巴假霜霉菌Pseudoperonospora cubensis(Berk.et Curt.)Rostov.)；番茄晚疫病(致病疫霉菌Phytophthora infestans)；黄瓜猝倒病(德里腐霉Bythium deliense Meurs.)。
本发明合适的植物包括：葡萄藤；谷类(例如小麦、大麦、黑麦或燕麦)；甜菜(比如甜菜或饲用甜菜)；水果(比如梨果、核果或浆果，例如苹果、梨、李子、桃、扁桃、樱桃、草莓、覆盆子或黑莓)；豆科植物(比如蚕豆、滨豆、豌豆或大豆)；油料植物(比如油菜、芥菜、罂粟、橄榄、向日葵、椰子、蓖麻油植物、可可豆或落花生)；瓜类植物(比如嫩葫芦、黄瓜或甜瓜)；纤维植物(比如棉花、亚麻、大麻或黄麻)；柑橘类水果(比如橙子、柠檬、葡萄柚或橘子)；蔬菜(比如菠菜、莴苣、芦笋、卷心菜、胡萝卜、洋葱、番茄、马铃薯、葫芦或红辣椒)；樟科(比如鳄梨、肉桂或樟脑)；玉米；烟草；坚果；咖啡；甘蔗；茶；藤本植物；啤酒花；榴莲；香蕉；天然橡胶树；草皮或观赏植物(比如花卉、灌木、阔叶树或常绿植物例如针叶树)。
本发明的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物可用于保护植物、植物部分、植物繁殖材料和随后长出的植物器官免受植物致病菌的侵袭。
“植物”指所有植物和植物种群，例如理想的和不理想的野生植物、栽培植物和植物品种(无论是否受植物品种或植物培育人权利的保护)。栽培植物和植物品种可以是通过常规繁殖和培育方法得到的植物，这些方法可辅以或补充有一种或多种生物技术方法，例如使用双单倍体、原生质体融合、随机和定向突变、分子或遗传标记，或使用生物工程和遗传工程方法。
“植物部分”是指植物的所有地上和地下部分及器官，例如芽、叶、花和根，例 如叶子、针叶、茎、枝、花、子实体、果实和种子以及根、球茎和根茎。作物以及营养繁殖和有性繁殖材料，例如插枝、球茎、根茎、纤匐枝和种子也属于植物部分。
“植物繁殖材料”应理解为指所有有繁殖能力的植物部分，例如种子，其能用于繁殖后者，以及植物性材料例如扦插条或块茎(例如马铃薯)。因此，本文中所使用的
“植物部分”包括植物繁殖材料。可以提及的是例如种子，根，果实，块茎，鳞茎，根茎和植物部分。待从土壤中发芽后或出苗后抑制的发芽植株和有效植株。幼小植株可以在移植前通过浸渍进行全部或局部处理来进行保护。
“随后长出的植物器官”是由植物繁殖材料例如种子产生的植物的任何部分。植物部分、植物器官和植物也可以受益于通过将杀菌组合物施用于植物繁殖材料所获得的病原菌损害保护。某些植物部分和某些场所后长出的植物器官也可以看成植物繁殖材料，其自身可以用杀菌组合物施用(或处理)；从而由经处理的植物部分和经处理的植物器官产生的植物、其它的植物部分和其它的植物器官也可以受益于通过将杀菌组合物施用。
本发明的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物可用于保护种子以防土壤有害菌并保护所得植物的根和嫩芽以防土壤有害病菌的侵袭。优选保护植物的根和嫩芽。
本发明提供一种保护种子、幼苗根和枝条以防植物致病菌侵袭的方法，包括在播种以前和/或催芽以后使种子与本发明有效量的杀菌组合物接触。通过处理种子以保护种子以防植物致病菌的侵袭并保护所得植物根和嫩芽。
采用本发明的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物处理过的种子不仅为种子本身还为从种子中长出的植物在其出苗后提供免受病菌侵袭的保护。因此，可不必在播种时或其后不久直接处理植物。
所述的种子选自马铃薯、向日葵、咖啡、烟草、加拿大油菜、油菜、甜菜、番茄、黄瓜、菜豆、芸薹属植物、洋葱、大豆、小麦、大麦、黑麦、燕麦、高粱、花生、甘蔗、稻子、甘蓝、豇豆、胡萝卜、棉花和玉米种子。
另一方面，本发明还提供了一种防治土壤有害菌的方法，将本发明所述的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物在种子发芽之前、发芽后或发芽前后施用至土壤和/或直接施用至与植物根部接触的土壤或适合植物生长的土壤。
本发明的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物可以以制剂形式为主，即组合物中 各物质已经混合，组合物的成分也可以单剂形式提供，使用前在桶或罐中混合，然后稀释至所需的浓度。其中优选以本发明提供的制剂形式为主。
本发明的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物能以任何常规制剂形式使用。例如乳油、水悬浮剂、油悬浮剂、种子处理干粉剂、种子处理溶液、种子处理乳剂、悬浮种衣剂、水分散粒剂、可湿性粉剂、悬乳剂、颗粒剂、水乳剂、微囊悬浮剂、干悬浮剂、超低容量液剂、静电油剂、微粒剂。
制剂形式中，包括按重量计从1％-90％的活性成分，从0至20％的农业上可接受的表面活性剂及10％至99％的填充剂。
根据本发明，术语“填充剂”指可与活性化合物相组合或联合以使其更易于施用给对象(例如植物、作物或草类)的天然或合成的有机或无机化合物。因此，所述填充剂优选为惰性的，至少应为农业可接受的。所述填充剂可以为固体或液体。
本发明中可以使用的非活性媒介既可以是固体也可以是液体的，可以作为固体媒介材料使用的有例如：滑石、二氧化钛、叶蜡石黏土、硅石、凹凸棒石黏土、硅藻土、石灰石、碳酸钙、膨润土、钙蒙脱土、棉籽壳、小麦粉、大豆粉、浮石、木粉、经研磨的胡桃壳、木质素和类似的物质。
可以作为液体媒介材料使用的可以在下列材料中选择，例如水、石油醚、植物油、甲基乙基酮、环己酮、乙酸戊酯、2-丁酮、碳酸丁烯酯、环己烷、环己醇、乙酸烷基酯、二丙酮醇、二乙醇胺、二甘醇、松脂酸二乙二醇酯、二甘醇丁基醚、二甘醇乙基醚、二甘醇甲醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、二丙二醇、二丙二醇甲基醚、双丙甘醇二苯甲酸酯、二丙二醇、烷基吡咯烷酮、乙酸乙酯、2-乙基己醇、碳酸乙烯酯、2-庚酮、乳酸乙酯、乙二醇、乙二醇丁基醚、乙二醇甲基醚、γ-丁内酯、丙三醇、乙酸甘油酯、二乙酸甘油酯、三乙酸甘油酯、十六烷、己二醇、乙酸异戊基酯、乙酸异冰片基酯、异辛烷、异佛尔酮、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、乳酸、月桂胺、异亚丙基丙酮、甲氧基丙醇、甲基异戊基酮、甲基异丁基酮、月桂酸甲酯、辛酸甲酯、油酸甲酯、正己烷、正辛胺、十八烷酸、辛胺乙酸酯、油酸、油烯基胺、聚乙二醇、丙酸、乳酸丙酯、碳酸亚丙酯、丙二醇、丙二醇甲基醚、磷酸三乙酯、三乙二醇、石蜡、矿物油、乙酸乙酯、乙酸戊酯、乙酸丁酯、丙二醇甲基醚、二乙二醇甲基醚、乙醇、异丙醇以及更高分子量的醇，例如戊醇、四氢呋喃醇、己醇、辛醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮等。
适用的表面活性剂例如可以列举脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚、聚氧乙烯高级脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯醇或酚的磷酸酯、多元醇的脂肪酸酯、烷芳磺酸、萘磺酸聚合物、木质素磺酸盐、高分子梳形的支状共聚物、丁基萘磺酸盐、烷基芳基磺酸盐、烷基磺基琥珀酸钠、油脂、脂肪醇与环氧乙烷缩合物、烷基牛磺酸盐等聚丙烯酸盐、蛋白质水解物。合适的低聚糖物或聚合物，例如基于单独的乙烯单体、丙烯酸、聚氧乙烯和/或聚氧丙烯或者其与例如(多元)醇或(多元)胺的结合。
为使有效成分化合物分散稳定化、附着以及/或者结合，可使用例如黄原胶、硅酸镁铝、明胶、淀粉、纤维素甲醚、聚乙烯醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯和天然磷脂以及合成磷脂、皂土、木质素磺酸钠等辅助剂。
其中防冻剂可选用乙二醇，丙二醇，丙三醇，山梨醇。作为悬浮性产品的抗絮凝剂可以使用例如萘磺酸聚合物、聚合磷酸盐等的辅助剂。
作为消泡剂可使用有机硅消泡剂。
可以使用的着色剂，例如无机颜料，如氧化铁、氧化钛和普鲁士蓝；以及有机颜料/染料：茜素染料、偶氮染料和金属酞菁染料；以及微量元素，例如铁盐、锰盐、硼盐、铜盐、钴盐、钼盐和锌盐。
任选地，还可包含其它附加组分，例如保护胶体、粘合剂、增稠剂、触变剂、渗透剂、稳定剂、掩蔽剂。
本发明的含化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮还可以与其它活性成分联合施用，例如用于扩大活性谱或防止形成抗性。所述其它活性成分例如杀真菌剂、杀细菌剂、引诱剂、杀昆虫剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂、生长调节剂、除草剂、安全剂、肥料或化学信息素等。
生物测试例
以下生物测试例用以说明本发明。但是，本发明并不限于这些实施例。
试验1：番茄晚疫病
将化合物I、氟噻唑吡乙酮的原药分别用丙酮溶解配制单剂的母液，再用含0.1％的Tween-80的水溶液稀释至所需的浓度。
采用活体盆栽法测定药剂对番茄晚疫病的杀菌活性。将番茄苗种植于塑料盆中，基质为蔬菜种植基质。盆栽培养至2-4片真叶期备用。
将试验用的病原菌在适宜的培养基上培养，待产生孢子囊后，4℃蒸馏水冲洗下孢子囊，用双层纱布过滤，制成孢子囊悬浮液，置于4℃低温下，黑暗处理0.5-3h,使其释放出游动孢子，并调节孢子浓度在1×10
5个/mL，备用。
对供试盆栽苗进行茎叶均匀喷雾。将待接种的叶片正反面喷雾各处理药剂至湿润，24h后接种。每处理3盆，4次重复。并设不含药剂(含有机溶剂和乳化剂)的处理作空白对照。
用接种喷雾器将孢子囊悬浮液均匀喷雾接种于番茄叶背面。接种后番茄苗在每天连续光照/黑暗各12h交替，光照强度10000Lux、温度18℃-20℃，以及接种后24h内保持叶面有水膜，以后相对湿度为90％以上的条件下培养7d。
待空白对照病叶率达到50％以上时，分级调查各处理发病情况。每处理至少调查30片叶；
分级方法为：
0级：无任何病斑；
1级：病斑面积占整个叶面积10％以下；
3级：病斑面积占整个叶面积的10％-25％；
5级：病斑面积占整个叶面积的25％-50％；
7级：病斑面积占整个叶面积的50％以上；
9级：全叶发病枯萎。
根据下列公式计算病情指数和防效
表1 本发明的组合物对番茄晚疫病的防效
表1清楚地表明本发明一种包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物对番茄晚疫病的实际防效高于Colby公式计算得到的防效，即存在协同效应。
试验2：苹果黑星病
将化合物I、氟噻唑吡乙酮的原药分别用丙酮溶解配制单剂的母液，再用含0.1％的Tween-80的水溶液稀释至所需的浓度。
取苹果黑星病病叶，保湿培养3-4d即可产孢。用毛笔蘸取10℃左右蒸馏水洗下病叶背面病菌孢子，制成浓度为5×10
4个/mL左右的孢子悬浮液。
采用活体盆栽法测定药剂对苹果黑星病的杀菌活性。温室盆栽苹果幼苗作为试验材料。每盆一个植株。选用在顶部由两片展开的新叶的幼苗(剪掉植物底端的老叶)。
对供试盆栽苗进行茎叶均匀喷雾。将待接种的叶片正反面喷雾各处理药剂至湿润，24h后接种。每处理1盆，4次重复。并设不含药剂(含有机溶剂和乳化剂)的处理作空白对照。
将孢子悬浮液喷雾接种于旺盛生长的新梢顶部嫩叶，立即置于铺有湿毛巾的托盆上，叶片背面朝上，塑料薄膜密封后，置于25℃的人工气候箱中保湿培养。15d后，调查发病情况。
分级标准：
0级：无病；
1级：病斑面积占整片叶面积的5％以下；
3级：病斑面积占整片叶面积的6％-10％；
5级：病斑面积占整片叶面积的11％-20％；
7级：病斑面积占整片叶面积的21％-40％；
9级：病斑面积占整片叶面积的40％以上。
根据下列公式计算病情指数和防效
表2 本发明的组合物对苹果黑星病的防效
表2清楚地表明本发明一种包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物对苹果黑星病的实际防效高于Colby公式计算得到的防效，即存在协同效应。
Claims (14)
- 一种包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物，其特征在于，含有活性成分化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮，所述化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮的重量配比为50:1-1:25。
- 根据权利要求1所述的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物，其特征在于，所述化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮的重量配比为25:1-1:25。
- 根据权利要求1所述的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物，其特征在于，所述化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮的重量配比为20:1-1:20。
- 根据权利要求1所述的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物，其特征在于，所述化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮的重量配比为20:1-1:10。
- 根据权利要求1所述的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物，其特征在于，所述化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮的重量配比为10:1-1:10。
- 根据权利要求1所述的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物，其特征在于，所述化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮的重量配比为10:1-1:5。
- 根据权利要求1所述的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物，其特征在于，所述化合物I和氟噻唑吡乙酮的重量配比为10:1-1:2。
- 根据权利要求1所述的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物，其特征在于，所述杀菌组合物，还包含填充剂和/或表面活性剂。
- 权利要求1所述的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物用于预防或控制葡萄藤、谷类、水果、豆科植物、油料植物、瓜类植物、纤维植物、蔬菜上的真菌病害的用途。
- 权利要求1所述的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物用于预防或控制黄瓜霜霉病、葡萄霜霉病、番茄晚疫病、小麦白粉病、水稻稻瘟病、黄瓜炭疽病、小麦叶锈病、苹果黑星病、梨黑星病、番茄早疫病、葡萄灰霉病、油菜菌核病、大豆锈病的用途。
- 一种预防或控制植物、植物部分、植物繁殖材料和随后长出的植物器官免受植物致病菌侵袭的方法，其特征在于，包括将权利要求1所述的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物施用到植物、植物部分、植物繁殖材料或植物正在生长或需要在其中生长的土壤或栽培媒介中。
- 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，包括在植物被致病菌侵染之前或侵染之后将权利要求1所述的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物施用到植物、植物部分、植物繁殖材料或植物正在生长或需要在其中生长的土壤或栽培媒介中。
- 一种保护种子、幼苗根和枝条以防植物致病菌侵袭的方法，其特征在于，包括在播种以前和/或催芽以后使种子与权利要求1所述的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物接触。
- 一种防治土壤有害菌的方法，其特征在于，将权利要求1所述的包含吡啶酰胺类化合物的杀菌组合物在种子发芽之前、发芽后或发芽前后施用至土壤和/或直接施用至与植物根部接触的土壤或适合植物生长的土壤。
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