WO2014057712A1 - 撥水・撥油性塗膜及びその塗膜を含む物品 - Google Patents
撥水・撥油性塗膜及びその塗膜を含む物品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014057712A1 WO2014057712A1 PCT/JP2013/065864 JP2013065864W WO2014057712A1 WO 2014057712 A1 WO2014057712 A1 WO 2014057712A1 JP 2013065864 W JP2013065864 W JP 2013065864W WO 2014057712 A1 WO2014057712 A1 WO 2014057712A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/40—Compounds of aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
- C09C1/30—Silicic acid
- C09C1/3072—Treatment with macro-molecular organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/36—Compounds of titanium
- C09C1/3607—Titanium dioxide
- C09C1/3676—Treatment with macro-molecular organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
- C09C3/10—Treatment with macromolecular organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C09D133/16—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters containing halogen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
- Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter
- Y10T428/2438—Coated
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249986—Void-containing component contains also a solid fiber or solid particle
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/254—Polymeric or resinous material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a water / oil repellent coating film and an article including the coating film.
- Examples of articles having water and oil repellency on the surface include various materials such as packaging materials (containers, wrapping paper, trays, tubes, bags, pouches, etc.), structures, textile products, and toys. ing.
- packaging materials there are foods, beverages, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, chemicals, etc., such as jelly confectionery, pudding, yogurt, liquid detergent, toothpaste, curry roux, syrup, petrolatum, face wash, face wash mousse, etc.
- the contents have various properties such as solid, semi-solid, liquid, viscous material, and gel-like material. On the surface where these contents come into contact, water repellency or oil repellency is imparted depending on the type of the contents so that the contents do not adhere as much as possible.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a thermoplastic resin layer (A) having a surface opening (x) having a pore diameter of 0.2 to 0.6 mm in advance, and an oilproof agent having a perfluoroalkyl group having less than 8 carbon atoms. At least three layers of the oil-resistant paper (B) to be included and the heat-sealable thermoplastic resin layer (C) which has been previously provided with a back surface opening (y) having a hole diameter of 0.2 to 0.6 mm are laminated in this order. An oil-resistant packaging material is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a water- and oil-repellent base material comprising the following first layer formed on the surface of the base material and the following second layer formed on the surface of the first layer.
- a second layer a layer formed from a composition containing a fluorosilicone compound and a solvent as essential components, or a layer formed from a cured product of the composition It has been proposed to adopt
- Patent Document 3 at least one surface of a breathable paper base material is first coated with a urethane-based or vinyl acetate-based transparent ink using an isocyanate-based curing agent, and then the urethane-based or vinyl acetate-based transparent ink.
- a packaging material for an oxygen scavenger, an ethanol transpiration agent, or a hygroscopic agent for keeping food fresh characterized by a two-layer coating in which a fluorine-based water / oil repellent is coated on the layer, is disclosed.
- a method of coating a dispersion containing fine particles and an oil repellent has been proposed for such a technique for coating a fluorine compound.
- a fine particle having a particle size of 100 nm or more is produced by a sol-gel method, and (i) an article to be coated is dipped in a dispersion liquid in which the fine particle is dispersed, pulled up, dried, or (ii) the A first step of spraying and drying a dispersion liquid in which fine particles are dispersed on an article to be coated; (2) Next, (i) a dispersion liquid containing fine particles having a particle diameter of 7 to 90 nm and perfluoroalkylsilane as an oil repellent.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a coated article obtained by coating a coating composition containing alcohol, alkoxysilane, perfluoroalkylsilane, silica fine particles, a catalyst for promoting hydrolysis reaction of alkoxysilane, and water.
- a water- and oil-repellent coating article characterized by having a root mean square (RMS) value of 100 nm or more on the article surface is disclosed.
- a main object of the present invention is to provide a coating film that can more reliably obtain excellent water repellency and oil repellency.
- the present inventor has found that the above object can be achieved by employing a coating film containing specific particles, and has completed the present invention.
- the present invention relates to the following water / oil repellent coating film.
- a coating film formed on the surface of a material to impart water repellency and oil repellency (1)
- the coating film contains metal oxide composite particles
- the metal oxide composite particles include: a) metal oxide particles; and b) a coating layer containing a polyfluoroalkyl methacrylate resin formed on the surface thereof.
- a value obtained by dividing the fluorine content (% by weight) of the metal oxide composite particles by the surface area (m 2 / g) of the metal oxide particles is 0.025 to 0.180. Water and oil repellent coating. 2. Item 2.
- the packaging material according to Item 10 comprising the water / oil repellent coating film according to any one of Items 1 to 9, a heat seal layer, and a base material layer in this order.
- Item 12 Item 12.
- Item 10 The water / oil repellent coating film according to any one of Items 1 to 9, which is a coating film obtained by a method including a step of coating a material surface with a dispersion liquid in which the metal oxide composite particles are dispersed.
- a method for producing a packaged product comprising: 15. Item 15. The method according to Item 14, wherein a part or all of the water / oil repellent coating film present on the region where the packaging material is heat-sealed is embedded in the heat-sealing layer during heat sealing. 16. Item 15.
- the present invention by using metal oxide composite particles having a specific coating layer, it is possible to provide a coating film that can more reliably obtain excellent water repellency and oil repellency.
- a coating film that can more reliably obtain excellent water repellency and oil repellency.
- a more excellent water repellency and water repellency can be obtained by the synergistic action of the uneven structure and the coating layer. Oiliness can be achieved.
- the coating film having such characteristics can be suitably used for packaging materials, tableware, cooking utensils, kitchenware, daily necessities, clothing, building supplies, structures, transportation equipment, and the like.
- it can be suitably used not only for lid materials as packaging materials but also for bags such as molded containers, wrapping paper, trays, tubes, bags, pouches and the like.
- contents contents containing an aqueous and / or oily liquid can be adopted. That is, a fluid content can be applied.
- cosmetics such as liquid detergent, toothpaste, facial cleansing cream, facial cleansing mousse, It is useful as a packaging material for accommodating various contents such as pharmaceuticals.
- the water / oil repellent coating film of the present invention is a coating film formed on the surface of a material (article) in order to impart water repellency and oil repellency, (1)
- the coating film contains metal oxide composite particles, (2)
- the metal oxide composite particles include: a) metal oxide particles; and b) a coating layer containing a polyfluoroalkyl methacrylate resin formed on the surface thereof.
- a value obtained by dividing the fluorine content (% by weight) of the metal oxide composite particles by the surface area (m 2 / g) of the metal oxide particles is 0.025 to 0.180. .
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of metal oxide composite particles.
- the metal oxide composite particle 11 includes a metal oxide particle 13 serving as a core and a coating layer 12 formed on the surface thereof.
- the metal oxide particles 13 serving as the core form an aggregate structure (aggregate porous structure) in which a plurality of metal oxide particles (primary particles) are three-dimensionally connected.
- the covering layer 12 is formed inside and outside the aggregate structure.
- this aggregate structure is schematically shown as a sphere, and the coating layer 12 is shown only on the outer shell.
- FIG. 2 the schematic diagram of the coating film 21 containing the metal oxide composite particle 11 is shown.
- the coating film 21 is formed on the surface of the material 22 and includes metal oxide composite particles 11 and voids 23 formed between the particles.
- the coating film of the present invention preferably has a concavo-convex structure of the metal oxide particles on the coating film surface.
- the coating layer 12 containing the polyfluoroalkyl methacrylate resin formed on the surface of the metal oxide composite particle 11 and the uneven surface 24 interact with each other, thereby exhibiting high water repellency and oil repellency. Is done. Moreover, since all the metal oxide composite particles contained in the coating film of the present invention are covered with the coating layer 12 containing a predetermined amount of the polyfluoroalkyl methacrylate resin, the entire coating film surface is covered. Homogeneous water and oil repellency can be obtained. In other words, each metal oxide composite particle has a sufficient amount of the coating layer 12 to exhibit high water repellency and oil repellency, and therefore has high water repellency and repellency without unevenness throughout the coating film. As a result of exhibiting oiliness, the material 22 can be imparted with uniform water and oil repellency.
- the coating film of the present invention even if there is a substance (especially an aqueous or oily liquid) that tends to adhere to the outermost surface of the coating film, the substance is repelled by the water repellency and oil repellency. It is possible to prevent the substance from adhering.
- a substance especially an aqueous or oily liquid
- the material to be the object for forming the coating film of the present invention (that is, the object to be given water repellency and oil repellency) is not particularly limited.
- the material for example, any of metal, plastics, ceramics, rubber, fibrous material (paper, non-woven fabric, woven fabric, etc.), and composite materials thereof may be used.
- any of a product, a semi-finished product, or those raw materials may be sufficient.
- the materials include packaging materials, daily necessities (glasses, rain gear, bags, etc.), building materials (roof, wallpaper, flooring, ceiling materials, tiles, window glass, etc.), tableware, cooking Appliances (pans, gas stove pans, oil evacuation panels, top plates of electromagnetic cookers, etc.), kitchenware, sports equipment, clothing (hats, shoes, gloves, coats, etc.), structures (building walls, bridges, Tower, etc.), transportation equipment (car exteriors such as cars, motorcycles, trains, ships, etc.), cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, toys, and identification tools.
- a packaging material is particularly suitable as the material.
- the packaging material also includes both a package as a product (finished product) and its raw materials.
- the product (finished product) include packaging bodies such as molded containers, wrapping papers, trays, tubes, bags (such as pouches), as well as container lids.
- packaging bodies such as molded containers, wrapping papers, trays, tubes, bags (such as pouches), as well as container lids.
- the laminated body containing a base material and a heat seal layer etc. can be mentioned, for example. That is, the packaging material (this invention packaging material) provided in order with the water-repellent / oil-repellent coating film of this invention, the heat seal layer, and the base material layer can be illustrated.
- embodiment as a typical example of this invention packaging material is shown.
- the coating film according to the present invention includes metal oxide composite particles.
- the content of the metal oxide composite particles in the coating can be appropriately set according to the desired water repellency, oil repellency, etc., but is usually 10 to 100% by weight, particularly preferably 30 to 100% by weight. . That is, in the present invention, if the content of the metal oxide composite particles is close to 100% by weight, higher water repellency and oil repellency can be obtained.
- the amount of coating applied to the material is not limited, and may be appropriately set according to the desired water repellency / oil repellency, the content of metal oxide composite particles, etc. It can be set within a range of 0.01 to 30 g / m 2 , particularly 0.1 to 30 g / m 2 . Therefore, it can be suitably set, for example, in the range of about 1 to 30 g / m 2 , particularly in the range of 2 to 8 g / m 2 .
- Metal oxide composite particles and preparation thereof 1) Metal oxide composite particles
- the metal oxide composite particles include a) metal oxide particles and b) a polyfluoroalkyl methacrylate resin formed on the surface thereof. And a coating layer.
- the metal oxide particles according to a) are not limited as long as they can serve as the core of the metal oxide composite particles.
- particles such as silicon oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, and zinc oxide. Seeds can be used.
- silicon oxide particles, titanium oxide particles, and aluminum oxide particles is particularly preferable.
- These metal oxide particles themselves may be known or commercially available.
- the average primary particle size of the metal oxide particles is not limited, but is usually 5 to 50 nm, and particularly preferably 7 to 30 nm. By setting the particle size within the range, more excellent water repellency and oil repellency can be obtained.
- the measurement of the average primary particle diameter of the metal oxide particles in the present invention can be performed using a transmission electron microscope or a scanning electron microscope. More specifically, the average primary particle diameter is obtained by photographing with a transmission electron microscope or a scanning electron microscope, measuring the diameter of 200 or more particles on the photograph, and calculating the arithmetic average value thereof. be able to.
- nano-level metal oxide particles can be used.
- silicon oxide examples include product names “AEROSIL 200” (“AEROSIL” is a registered trademark; the same applies hereinafter), “AEROSIL 130”, “AEROSIL 300”, “AEROSIL 50”, “AEROSIL 200 FAD”, “AEROSIL 380” (and above). And Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.).
- titanium oxide examples include “AEROXIDE TiO 2 T805” (manufactured by Evonik Degussa).
- aluminum oxide examples include a product name “AEROXIDE Alu C 805” (manufactured by Evonik Degussa).
- the coating layer according to b) includes a polyfluoroalkyl methacrylate resin.
- a resin By using such a resin, a strong coating layer having relatively high adhesion can be formed on the particle surface because of its excellent affinity with metal oxide particles (especially silicon oxide particles) and high water repellency. -Oil repellency can also be expressed.
- a resin itself, a known or commercially available resin can be used.
- Examples of commercially available products include the product name “CHEMINOX FAMAC-6” (manufactured by Japan), the product name “Zonyl TH Fluoromonomer code 421480” (manufactured by SIGMA-ALDRICH (USA)), and the product name “SCFC-65530- 66-7 "(Maya High Purity Chem (CHINA) Co., Ltd.), product name” FC07-04-10 "(Fluory, Inc (USA)), product name” CBINDEX: 58 "(Wilshire Chemical Co., Inc (USA) Product name “Asahi Guard AG-E530”, “Asahi Guard AG-E060” (all manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), product name “TEMAc-N” (Top Fluorochem Co., LTD (CH NA)), product name “Zonyl 7950” (manufactured by SIGMA-RBI (SWITZ)), product name “61000840 to 6100842” (manufact
- a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing 2,2′-ethylenedioxydiethyldimethacrylate can be suitably used as the resin.
- These may also be commercial products as described above.
- the value (A value) obtained by dividing the fluorine content (% by weight) in the metal oxide composite particles by the surface area (m 2 / g) of the metal oxide particles is 0.025 to 0.180, It is preferably 0.030 to 0.175.
- a value (B value) obtained by dividing the carbon content (% by weight) in the metal oxide composite particles by the surface area (m 2 / g) of the metal oxide particles is 0.05 to 0.400, particularly 0. It is desirable to be 0.06 to 0.390.
- Such carbon content and fluorine content serve as indices indicating the degree of coating in the present invention, and the larger the value, the greater the coating amount.
- the present invention by setting to a predetermined coating amount (carbon content and fluorine content, particularly fluorine content), good adhesion to the surface of the metal oxide particles, and excellent water and oil repellency Can be achieved.
- a predetermined coating amount carbon content and fluorine content, particularly fluorine content
- good adhesion to the surface of the metal oxide particles, and excellent water and oil repellency can be achieved.
- the value obtained by dividing the fluorine content (% by weight) by the surface area (m 2 / g) of the metal oxide particles is less than 0.025, desired water repellency and oil repellency cannot be obtained.
- the value obtained by dividing the carbon content (% by weight) by the surface area (m 2 / g) of the metal oxide particles is less than 0.05, it may be difficult to obtain desired water repellency and oil repellency.
- the A value is set within a predetermined range, and in order to achieve further excellent water repellency / oil repellency, the B value is also predetermined. It is desirable to set within the range.
- the measurement of the carbon content in the metal oxide composite particles in the present invention is performed by heating the (specimen) to 800 ° C. or higher in an oxygen atmosphere to convert the carbon contained in the surface hydrophobic group into CO 2 , and analyzing the trace amount of carbon. This is carried out according to a method of calculating the carbon content present on the surface of the (specimen) using an apparatus.
- the fluorine content in the metal oxide composite particles in the present invention is determined by calcining the specimen in an annular furnace at 1000 ° C., recovering the generated gas by steam distillation, and using the recovered liquid as fluorine ions by ion chromatography. Detect and quantify.
- the surface area (m 2 / g) (specific surface area) was determined by BET one-point method using Macsorb (manufactured by Mountec).
- adsorption gas a gas containing 30% by volume of nitrogen and 70% by volume of helium was used.
- the adsorbed gas was circulated at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereafter, the cell containing the sample was cooled with liquid nitrogen, heated to room temperature after completion of adsorption, and the surface area of the sample was determined from the amount of desorbed nitrogen.
- the specific surface area was determined by dividing by the mass of the sample.
- metal oxide composite particles are suitably prepared by a production method including a step (coating step) of coating a metal oxide particle with a coating solution in which a liquid polyfluoroalkyl methacrylate resin is dissolved or dispersed in a solvent. be able to.
- a polyfluoroalkyl methacrylate resin that is liquid at normal temperature (25 ° C.) and normal pressure can be suitably used.
- a polyfluoroalkyl methacrylate resin the commercial item illustrated above can also be used.
- the solvent used in the coating liquid is not particularly limited, and organic solvents such as alcohol and toluene can be used in addition to water.
- organic solvents such as alcohol and toluene
- the content of the polyfluoroalkyl methacrylate resin in the coating liquid is not particularly limited, but is generally within the range of 10 to 80% by weight, particularly 15 to 70% by weight, and more preferably 20 to 60% by weight. It is preferable to set.
- the method for coating the surface of the metal oxide particles with the coating solution may be a well-known method, and for example, any of spraying, dipping, stirring granulation, and the like can be applied.
- coating by a spray method is particularly preferable in terms of excellent uniformity and the like.
- the metal oxide composite particles can be obtained by removing the solvent by heat treatment.
- the heat treatment temperature is usually about 150 to 250 ° C., particularly preferably 180 to 200 ° C.
- the atmosphere of the heat treatment is not limited, but an inert gas (non-oxidizing) atmosphere such as nitrogen gas or argon gas is desirable. Further, for example, a series of steps including a coating step and a heat treatment step can be performed once or more as necessary. Thereby, it is possible to suitably control the coating amount.
- an adhesive is added to increase the adhesion strength of the coating film to the article, the adhesion strength between the metal oxide composite particles, and the like. It is effective to contain. It does not specifically limit as an adhesive agent which can be used in this case, A well-known or commercially available adhesive agent can be used. Examples thereof include adhesives (particularly heat sealants) such as polyolefin resins, polyester resins, polyurethane resins, epoxy resins, acrylic resins, and vinyl resins.
- low density polyethylene medium density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, linear (linear) low density polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ionomer resin, ethylene- Acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, methylpentene polymer, polybutene polymer, polyethylene or Polyolefin resins such as polypropylene are modified with unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, acid-modified polyolefin resins, polyvinyl acetate resins, poly (meta ) Acrylic resin, polyacrylonitrile tree , Polyvinyl chloride resins, other other heat-adhesive resin,
- the heat sealant particles are coated with a dispersion in which metal oxide composite particles are dispersed, and then “ 3.
- Method for forming a coating film By coating the heat sealant in the heat treatment step in “Method for forming coating film”, it is possible to form a coating film having better adhesion to the material surface. What is necessary is just to set suitably the content of the adhesive agent in a coating film in the case of using an adhesive agent normally in the range of 20 to 80 weight% in a coating film.
- the method for forming the coating film of the present invention is not particularly limited, and known methods and the like can also be applied.
- the coating film can be suitably formed by a method including a step of coating the surface of the material with a dispersion containing metal oxide composite particles. That is, a water / oil repellent coating film can be obtained by removing the solvent after wet coating.
- perfluoroalkylsilane is used as a fluorine-based water / oil repellent in the prior art, it is necessary to add a catalyst or adjust the pH of the water / oil repellent to control the hydrolysis reaction of the alkoxysilane group. In the present invention, there is no such process, and a desired coating film can be formed relatively easily.
- the solvent used is water or the like, the burden on the environment can be minimized.
- the solvent used in the dispersion is not particularly limited.
- alcohol ethanol
- cyclohexane toluene
- acetone IPA
- propylene glycol hexylene glycol
- butyl diglycol pentamethylene glycol
- normal pentane normal pentane
- Normal hexane hexyl alcohol and the like.
- the amount of the metal oxide composite particles dispersed in the organic solvent can be appropriately determined within a range of usually about 20 to 50 g / L (liter) depending on, for example, the type of material, the degree of water repellency and oil repellency.
- the dispersion may contain an adhesive (particularly a heat sealant). More specifically, the adhesive component particles can be dispersed in the dispersion. As the adhesive component, those described in “2) Other components in the coating film” can be used. In addition, the other components shown in “2) Other components in the coating film” can be contained in the dispersion.
- the method of coating the dispersion surface on the material surface is not limited, and a known method can be employed.
- any known method such as roll coating, gravure coating, bar coating, doctor blade coating, comma coater, part coating, and brush coating can be employed.
- the coating amount when coating the dispersion is not limited, and the weight of the metal oxide composite particles after the coating film is dried is, for example, 0.01 to 30 g / m 2 , preferably 0.1 to 30 g / m 2. It can set suitably within the range. Therefore, for example, it is possible to adjust to about 50 to 600 mg / m 2 , particularly 200 to 500 mg / m 2 .
- drying may be either natural drying or heat drying. In the case of heating and drying, heating is usually performed at 200 ° C. or lower, preferably 100 ° C. or lower.
- a heat treatment step can be performed after the drying step or in place of the drying step.
- the heat sealant can be melted by heat treating the paint film on the material surface to firmly fix the paint film on the material surface. This makes it possible to form a coating film that is less prone to peeling and dropping off.
- the heat treatment temperature may be appropriately set according to the type of heat sealant to be used, etc., but is usually within a range of about 150 to 250 ° C.
- the atmosphere of the heat treatment is not limited, but it may be usually in the air or an oxidizing atmosphere.
- the water- and oil-repellent coating film of the present invention contains metal oxide composite particles, and in particular, the coating film surface has a concavo-convex structure (approximate fractal structure) by the metal oxide composite particles. Preferably it is. More specifically, it is desirable to have a surface formed by a void formed by connecting a plurality of metal oxide composite particles and a particle body. Thereby, when the metal oxide composite particles have a predetermined coating layer, it becomes possible to exhibit more excellent water repellency and oil repellency. That is, as a result of the surface of the concavo-convex structure being substantially constituted by the coating layer, more excellent water repellency and oil repellency can be exhibited.
- the particles that contribute to the formation of the concavo-convex structure may contain particles other than the metal oxide composite particles as long as the effects of the present invention are not hindered.
- the uneven structure on the coating film surface can be observed with a scanning electron microscope. An example 2-4 described later is shown in FIG. 4 as a representative example.
- the thickness of the coating film is not particularly limited, but may be appropriately determined within the range of usually 0.5 to 30 ⁇ m.
- the thickness is preferably about 1 to 8 ⁇ m.
- the contact angle of pure water is 140 ° or more, particularly 150 ° or more.
- the contact angle of edible oil olive oil (25 ° C.) is preferably 130 degrees or more, particularly 140 degrees or more.
- the drop angle (olive oil) of the coating film is not limited, but it is usually preferably 5 to 20 °.
- the coating film 21 is formed as an outermost layer on a laminated body 34 in which a heat seal layer 32 is laminated so as to be in contact with the sheet-like base material 33.
- the sheet-like base material 33 a known material can be adopted.
- simple substance such as paper, synthetic paper, resin film, resin film with vapor deposition layer, aluminum foil, other metal foil, or a composite material / laminated material thereof can be suitably used.
- the method for laminating the sheet-like substrate and the method for laminating the sheet-like substrate and the heat seal layer are not limited.
- a known method such as a dry laminating method, an extrusion laminating method, a wet laminating method, or a heat laminating method is adopted. can do.
- the thickness of the sheet-like substrate is not particularly limited, but the range used for known packaging materials can be set, and for example, it is usually preferably about 1 to 500 ⁇ m.
- the heat seal layer 32 is disposed on the outermost layer (outermost surface) of the laminate 34.
- a known heat seal layer can be employed.
- a layer formed of an adhesive such as a lacquer type adhesive, an easy peel adhesive, or a hot melt adhesive can be employed.
- the main component of the heat seal layer is not limited, and the same component as the main component of the heat seal agent described above can be employed. More specifically, low density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, linear (linear) low density polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ionomer resin, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer.
- Polyolefins such as ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, methylpentene polymer, polybutene polymer, polyethylene or polypropylene
- An acid-modified polyolefin resin a polyvinyl acetate resin, a poly (meth) acrylic resin in which a resin is modified with an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, Polyacrylonitrile resin, polyvinyl chloride tree
- a single-layer sealant film can be used, and a co-extruded or extrusion-
- the thickness of the heat seal layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably about 3 to 50 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of productivity, cost, and the like.
- part or all of the coating film present on the heat sealed region is embedded in the heat sealing layer, and heat sealing is performed by the heat sealing layer becoming the outermost surface. be able to. For this reason, it is desirable to set the thickness within the above thickness range so that the coating film can be embedded in the heat seal layer as much as possible.
- each layer employed in a known packaging material may be laminated at an arbitrary position.
- a printing layer a printing protective layer (so-called OP layer), a colored layer, an adhesive layer, an adhesion reinforcing layer, a primer coat layer, an anchor coat layer, an anti-slip agent layer, a lubricant layer, an anti-fogging agent layer and the like can be mentioned.
- the adhesion amount (weight after drying) of the coating film formed on the surface of the laminate is not limited, but is generally within a range of 0.01 to 30 g / m 2 , preferably 0.1 to 30 g / m 2 . Can be set as appropriate. By setting within the above range, more excellent water repellency and oil repellency can be obtained over a long period of time, and it is further advantageous in terms of suppression of coating film dropout, cost, and the like. Therefore, for example, it can be set in the range of 0.01 to 10 g / m 2 , particularly in the range of 0.2 to 1.5 g / m 2 , and further in the range of 0.2 to 1 g / m 2 .
- the coating film preferably forms a porous layer, and the thickness is preferably about 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably about 0.2 to 2.5 ⁇ m.
- the layer can contain a lot of air, and more excellent water repellency and oil repellency can be exhibited.
- the surface of the coating film has an uneven structure formed by continuous metal oxide composite particles. Thereby, more excellent water repellency and oil repellency can be achieved.
- the coating film may be formed on the entire surface of the heat seal layer side (the entire surface on the side opposite to the sheet-like base material side), or excluding the region where the heat seal layer is heat sealed (so-called adhesive margin). It may be formed in the region.
- the present invention even when adhering to the entire surface of the heat seal layer, a part or all of the coating film existing on the heat sealed region is buried in the heat seal layer, so that the heat seal is substantially achieved. It is not obstructed, and it is desirable that it adheres to the entire surface of the heat seal layer even in industrial production.
- the packaging material 31 can be suitably manufactured, for example, by the following method. That is, a method for producing a packaging material including a sheet-like substrate and a heat seal layer, A metal oxide composite particle is contained in a solvent in a part or all of the outermost surface of the heat seal layer in the laminate including the sheet-like base material and the heat seal layer, and the heat seal layer is disposed as the outermost layer. It can manufacture with the manufacturing method of a packaging material including the process (coating film formation process) of forming a coating film by apply
- a metal in a solvent is formed on a part or all of the outermost surface of the heat seal layer in the laminate including the sheet-like base material and the heat seal layer, and the heat seal layer is disposed as the outermost layer.
- a coating film is formed by applying a dispersion containing oxide composite particles.
- the laminate those described in the above a) can be used. Accordingly, the same materials as described above can be used for the sheet-like substrate, the heat seal layer, and other layers.
- the dispersion a dispersion in which at least metal oxide composite particles (powder) are dispersed in a solvent is used.
- the metal oxide composite particles described in “1-1) Metal oxide composite particles” can be used.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not alter the metal oxide composite particles to be used.
- alcohol ethanol
- cyclohexane toluene
- acetone IPA
- propylene glycol hexylene glycol
- butyl diglycol pentamethylene glycol
- Organic pentane normal hexane, hexyl alcohol, and other organic solvents.
- the amount of the metal oxide composite particles dispersed in the solvent is not limited, and can be set to about 10 to 200 g / L, for example. Therefore, for example, it can be adjusted within the range of 10 to 100 g / L.
- additives can be appropriately blended in the dispersion as necessary within a range not impeding the effects of the present invention.
- a dispersant, a colorant, an anti-settling agent, a viscosity modifier, and the like can be blended.
- an adhesive (particularly, heat sealant) powder can be dispersed in the dispersion to further increase the adhesion of the coating film.
- any of known methods such as roll coating, gravure coating, bar coating, doctor blade coating, comma coater, part coating, and brush coating can be employed.
- the coating step can be carried out by forming a coating film on the heat seal layer using a dispersion obtained by dispersing at least metal oxide composite particles in a solvent.
- the drying method may be either natural drying or forced (heating) drying.
- the temperature is usually 200 ° C. or lower, preferably 100 ° C. or lower.
- a heat treatment step can be performed after the drying step or in place of the drying step.
- the heat sealant can be melted by heat treating the paint film on the material surface to firmly fix the paint film on the material surface. This makes it possible to form a coating film that is less prone to peeling and dropping off.
- the heat treatment temperature may be appropriately set according to the type of heat sealant to be used, etc., but is usually within a range of about 150 to 250 ° C.
- the atmosphere of the heat treatment is not limited, but it may be usually in the air or an oxidizing atmosphere.
- the packaging material thus obtained can be used as it is or after being processed.
- the same method as in the case of a known packaging material can be adopted.
- embossing, half-cutting, notching, etc. may be performed.
- the packaging material of the present invention can be suitably used not only for lid materials but also for bags such as molded containers, wrapping paper, trays, tubes, and bags and pouches.
- Example 1-1 (1) Preparation of metal oxide composite particles
- Gas phase method silica powder having an average primary particle diameter of 12 nm and a BET specific surface area of 200 m 2 / g (product name “AEROSIL”) 200 g (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was put in a reaction vessel, and 500 g of a commercially available surface treatment agent was sprayed while stirring in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, and then stirred at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes and then cooled.
- AEROSIL surface modified silica fine particles
- an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of polyfluorooctyl methacrylate, 2-N, N-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 2,2′-ethylenedioxydiethyldimethacrylate (solid content concentration: 20 % By weight) was used as a treating agent.
- Table 1 shows the carbon content and fluorine content of the obtained surface-modified silica fine particles (powder).
- Example 1-1 Formation of coating film Using polyethylene terephthalate (thickness 12 ⁇ m) / polyurethane-based dry laminate adhesive / aluminum foil (20 ⁇ m) / polyurethane-based dry laminate adhesive / (polyethylene / polypropylene) coextruded film as the laminate, Using a bar coater on the surface of polypropylene, the dispersion prepared in (2) above was applied after drying to a coating amount of 3 g / m 2 , followed by heating in an oven at 180 ° C. for 15 seconds. A sample (packaging material) of Example 1-1 was obtained.
- Example 1-2 A sample (packaging material) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that 500 g of the surface treatment agent was changed to 300 g. Table 1 shows the carbon content and fluorine content of the obtained surface-modified silica fine particles (powder).
- Example 1-3 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that 500 g of the surface treatment agent was changed to 800 g. Table 1 shows the carbon content and fluorine content of the obtained surface-modified silica fine particles (powder).
- Example 1-4 Gas phase method silica powder having an average primary particle diameter of 30 nm and a BET specific surface area of 50 m 2 / g as metal oxide particles (product name “AEROSIL”) 50 ”(manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) and the surface treatment agent 500 g was changed to 25 g, and a sample (packaging material) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- Table 1 shows the carbon content and fluorine content of the obtained surface-modified silica fine particles (powder).
- Example 1-5 Gas phase method silica powder having an average primary particle diameter of 30 nm and a BET specific surface area of 50 m 2 / g as metal oxide particles (product name “AEROSIL”) 50 ”(manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was used, and a sample (packaging material) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- Table 1 shows the carbon content and fluorine content of the obtained surface-modified silica fine particles (powder).
- Example 1-6 Gas phase method silica powder (product name “AEROSIL” having an average primary particle diameter of 7 nm and a BET specific surface area of 300 m 2 / g as metal oxide particles. 300 (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) and the surface treatment agent 500 g was changed to 750 g, and a sample (packaging material) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1-1. Table 1 shows the carbon content and fluorine content of the obtained surface-modified silica fine particles (powder).
- Comparative Example 1-1 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that 500 g of the surface treatment agent was changed to 20 g. Table 1 shows the carbon content and fluorine content of the obtained surface-modified silica fine particles (powder).
- Example 2-1 In “(2) Preparation of dispersion” in Example 1-1, 30 parts by weight of surface-modified silica fine particles and a commercially available heat sealant (100 parts by weight of a polypropylene heat sealant dispersion (the solid content is 18% by weight, The same applies hereinafter) was added to and mixed with 200 parts by weight of an organic solvent (toluene) in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that the dispersion thus obtained was used. A sample (packaging material) was prepared.
- Example 2-2 In “(2) Preparation of dispersion liquid” in Example 1-2, 30 parts by weight of surface-modified silica fine particles and a commercially available heat sealant (100 parts by weight of a polypropylene heat sealant dispersion liquid were combined with an organic solvent (toluene) 200. A dispersion was prepared by adding and mixing in parts by weight, and a sample (packaging material) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-2, except that the dispersion thus obtained was used.
- Example 2-3 In “(2) Preparation of dispersion liquid” in Example 1-3, 30 parts by weight of surface-modified silica fine particles and a commercially available heat sealant (100 parts by weight of a polypropylene heat sealant dispersion liquid were combined with an organic solvent (toluene) 200. A dispersion was prepared by adding and mixing in parts by weight, and a sample (packaging material) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-3, except that the dispersion thus obtained was used.
- Example 2-4 In “(2) Preparation of dispersion liquid” in Example 1-4, 30 parts by weight of surface-modified silica fine particles and a commercially available heat sealant (100 parts by weight of a polypropylene heat sealant dispersion liquid were combined with an organic solvent (toluene) 200. A dispersion was prepared by adding and mixing in parts by weight, and a sample (packaging material) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-4, except that the dispersion thus obtained was used.
- Example 2-5 In “(2) Preparation of dispersion liquid” in Example 1-5, 30 parts by weight of surface-modified silica fine particles and a commercially available heat sealant (100 parts by weight of a polypropylene heat sealant dispersion liquid were combined with an organic solvent (toluene) 200. A dispersion was prepared by adding and mixing in parts by weight, and a sample (packaging material) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1-5, except that the dispersion thus obtained was used.
- Comparative Example 2-1 In “(2) Preparation of Dispersion” in Comparative Example 1-1, 30 parts by weight of surface-modified silica fine particles and a commercially available heat sealant (100 parts by weight of a polypropylene heat sealant dispersion were combined with an organic solvent (toluene) 200. A dispersion was prepared by adding and mixing in parts by weight, and a sample (packaging material) was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1 except that the dispersion thus obtained was used.
- Comparative Example 2-2 In “(2) Preparation of dispersion liquid” in Comparative Example 1-2, 30 parts by weight of surface-modified silica fine particles and a commercially available heat sealant (100 parts by weight of a polypropylene heat sealant dispersion liquid were combined with an organic solvent (toluene) 200. A dispersion liquid was prepared by adding and mixing in parts by weight, and a sample (packaging material) was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-2, except that the dispersion liquid thus obtained was used.
- Test example 2 The contact angle (25 ° C.) was measured for the samples obtained in the examples and comparative examples. Specifically, the water / oil repellency imparting surface of each sample is used as a test surface, and pure water and olive oil (about approximately 10%) are measured using a contact angle measuring device (solid-liquid interface analyzer “Drop Master 300” manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.). A contact angle of 2-4 ⁇ l) was measured. As the measurement results, the N number is 5 times, and the average value of the contact angles is shown in the results. As the olive oil, a commercially available product “AJINOMOTO olive oil” (edible olive oil) (manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.) was used. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- AJINOMOTO olive oil edible olive oil
- Test example 3 The drop angle (25 degreeC) was measured about the sample obtained by the Example and the comparative example. Specifically, the water / oil repellency imparting surface of each sample is used as a test surface, and this surface is used as the top surface and fixed to a horizontal flat plate with a clip, olive oil is hung from a close range, the horizontal flat plate is tilted, The angle when starting to flow was observed. As the olive oil, a commercially available product “AJINOMOTO olive oil” (edible olive oil) (manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.) was used. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- AJINOMOTO olive oil edible olive oil
- Test Example 4 (Abrasion resistance ) The samples obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were examined for durability (wear resistance). The test method was implemented based on JIS standard “JIS L0849”. Specifically, the water / oil repellency imparted surface of each sample was used as a test surface, and after a wear test was conducted with a friction tester (manufactured by SHOWA JUKI), it was confirmed whether the oil repellency was maintained with olive oil. . As a condition, a dry cloth was attached to the tip of the friction element, and reciprocating friction was performed 100 times on the test surface at a speed of 30 reciprocations per minute with a load of 2N.
- Test Example 5 Heat sealability test
- a lid material cut into a shape of a lid material (90 mm ⁇ 90 mm square) from each packaging material sample was produced, and then a flanged polypropylene container (flange width 3.5 mm, flange outer diameter 75 mm ⁇ inner diameter 68 mm, The lid was heat-sealed on a flange having a height of about 68 mm and an internal volume of about 155 cm 3 , thereby producing a package.
- the heat seal condition was a solid seal for 1.0 second at a temperature of 200 ° C. and a pressure of 3 kgf / cm 2 .
- the coating film of the example containing metal oxide composite particles (surface-modified silica fine particles) coated with a coating layer made of a polyfluoroalkyl methacrylate resin having a predetermined coating amount is It can be seen that superior water repellency, oil repellency and the like can be exhibited as compared with the comparative example.
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Abstract
Description
1. 撥水性及び撥油性を付与するために材料の表面に形成される塗膜であって、
(1)前記塗膜は、金属酸化物複合粒子を含有し、
(2)前記金属酸化物複合粒子は、a)金属酸化物粒子と、b)その表面に形成されたポリフルオロアルキルメタアクリレート樹脂を含む被覆層とを含み、
(3)前記金属酸化物複合粒子のフッ素含有量(重量%)を金属酸化物粒子の表面積(m2/g)で除した値が0.025~0.180である、ことを特徴とする撥水・撥油性塗膜。
2. 前記金属酸化物複合粒子の炭素含有量(重量%)を金属酸化物粒子の表面積(m2/g)で除した値が0.05~0.400である、前記項1に記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
3. 前記金属酸化物粒子の平均一次粒子径が5~50nmである、前記項1又は2に記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
4. 前記金属酸化物粒子が酸化ケイ素粒子、酸化アルミニウム粒子及び酸化チタン粒子の少なくとも1種である、前記項1~3のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
5. 前記被覆層がケイ素成分を含有しない、前記項1~4のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
6. 塗膜が多孔質である、前記項1~5のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
7. 最外面となる塗膜表面が、金属酸化物複合粒子によって形成された凹凸構造を有する、前記項1~6のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
8. 塗膜中における金属酸化物複合粒子の含有量が10~100重量%である、前記項1~7のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
9. 塗膜がさらに接着成分を含む、前記項1~8のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
10. 前記項1~9のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜を含む包装材料。
11. 前記項1~9のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜、ヒートシール層及び基材層を順に備えた、前記項10に記載の包装材料。
12. ヒートシールされる領域上に存在する撥水・撥油性塗膜の一部又は全部がヒートシール時にヒートシール層に埋め込まれる、前記項11に記載の包装材料。
13.前記金属酸化物複合粒子が分散してなる分散液を材料表面にコーティングする工程を含む方法によって得られる塗膜である、前記項1~9のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
14. 内容物が容器に充填された包装体製品を製造する方法において、
(1)容器に内容物を充填する工程、
(2)前記項11の包装材料を蓋材として用い、前記包装材料の撥水・撥油性塗膜を前記容器開口部に当接しながらヒートシールすることにより、内容物を密封する工程、
を含む包装体製品の製造方法。
15.包装材料がヒートシールされる領域上に存在する撥水・撥油性塗膜の一部又は全部がヒートシール時にヒートシール層に埋め込まれる、前記項14に記載の製造方法。
16.包装材料がヒートシールされる領域は、撥水・撥油性塗膜が形成されておらず、ヒートシール層が露出している、前記項14に記載の製造方法。
17.内容物が流動性を有する、前記項14~16のいずれかにに記載の製造方法。
18.内容物が液体である、前記項14~17のいずれかにに記載の製造方法。
19.内容物が水分及び/又は油成分を含む、前記項14~18のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
20.内容物の20℃における粘度が0.01~500dPa・sである、前記項14~19のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
優れた撥水性及び撥油性をより確実に得られる塗膜を提供することができる。特に、複数の金属酸化物複合粒子の連なりによって塗膜表面に微細かつ複雑な凹凸構造が形成される場合は、当該凹凸構造と前記被覆層との相乗的な作用によってより優れた撥水性及び撥油性を達成することができる。
12 被覆層
13 金属酸化物粒子(凝集体)
21 塗膜
22 材料
23 空隙
24 塗膜表面
31 包装材料
32 ヒートシール層
33 シート状基材
34 積層体
(1)前記塗膜は、金属酸化物複合粒子を含有し、
(2)前記金属酸化物複合粒子は、a)金属酸化物粒子と、b)その表面に形成されたポリフルオロアルキルメタアクリレート樹脂を含む被覆層とを含み、
(3)前記金属酸化物複合粒子のフッ素含有量(重量%)を金属酸化物粒子の表面積(m2/g)で除した値が0.025~0.180である、ことを特徴とする。
本発明の塗膜を形成する対象(すなわち、撥水性及び撥油性を付与する対象)となる材料は特に限定されない。材質としては、例えば金属、プラスチックス、セラミックス、ゴム、繊維質材料(紙、不織布、織物等)、これらの複合材料等のいずれでも良い。また、製品、半製品又はそれらの原材料のいずれであっても良い。
本発明に係る塗膜は、金属酸化物複合粒子を含む。塗膜中における金属酸化物複合粒子の含有量は、所望の撥水性・撥油性等に応じて適宜設定できるが、通常は10~100重量%とし、特に30~100重量%とすることが好ましい。すなわち、本発明では、金属酸化物複合粒子の含有量を100重量%に近づければそれだけ高い撥水性及び撥油性を得ることができる。
1-1)金属酸化物複合粒子
金属酸化物複合粒子は、a)金属酸化物粒子と、b)その表面に形成されたポリフルオロアルキルメタアクリレート樹脂を含む被覆層とを含む。
金属酸化物複合粒子の調製方法は特に限定されず、金属酸化物の粒子(粉末)に対して被覆材としてポリフルオロアルキルメタアクリレート樹脂を用い、公知のコーティング方法、造粒方法等に従って被覆層を形成すれば良い。例えば、液状のポリフルオロアルキルメタアクリレート樹脂を溶媒に溶解又は分散させた塗工液を金属酸化物の粒子にコーティングする工程(被覆工程)を含む製造方法によって金属酸化物複合粒子を好適に調製することができる。
本発明の塗膜では、上記のような金属酸化物複合粒子のほか、本発明の効果を妨げない範囲内において他の成分が含まれていても良い。例えば、接着剤(ヒートシール剤等)、着色剤、分散剤、沈降防止剤、粘度調整剤、印刷保護剤等を挙げることができる。
本発明の塗膜の形成方法は特に限定されず、公知の方法等も適用することができる。特に、本発明では、金属酸化物複合粒子を含む分散液を材料表面にコーティングする工程を含む方法によって塗膜を好適に形成することができる。すなわち、湿式でコーティングした後に溶媒を除去することによって撥水・撥油性塗膜を得ることができる。従来技術のフッ素系撥水撥油剤としてパーフルオロアルキルシランを使用する場合、そのアルコキシシラン基の加水分解反応を制御するために触媒添加又は撥水撥油剤のpH調整をする必要があるのに対し、本発明ではそのような工程がなく、比較的簡便に所望の塗膜が形成することができる。しかも、用いる溶媒が水等であれば、環境への負荷も最小限におさえることもできる。
本発明の撥水・撥油性塗膜は、金属酸化物複合粒子を含むものであるが、特に塗膜表面が金属酸化物複合粒子による凹凸構造(近似的なフラクタル構造)を有していることが好ましい。より具体的には、複数の金属酸化物複合粒子が連なることによって形成された空隙と粒子本体により形成される表面を有することが望ましい。これにより、金属酸化物複合粒子が所定の被覆層を有すると相まって、より優れた撥水性と撥油性を発揮することが可能となる。すなわち、凹凸構造の表面が前記被覆層により実質的に構成される結果、より優れた撥水性と撥油性を発揮することができる。この場合、凹凸構造の形成に寄与する粒子としては、本発明の効果を妨げない範囲において、金属酸化物複合粒子以外のものが含まれていても良い。なお、塗膜表面の凹凸構造は、走査型電子顕微鏡で観察することができる。後記の実施例2-4を代表例として図4に示す。
以下において、前記1.の材料としてシート状基材及びヒートシール層を含む積層体を用い、包装材料を作製する場合の実施の形態を示す。図3に示すように、包装材料31は、シート状基材33に接するようにヒートシール層32が積層された積層体34の上に塗膜21が最外層として形成されている。
シート状基材33としては、公知の材料を採用することができる。例えば、紙、合成紙、樹脂フィルム、蒸着層付き樹脂フィルム、アルミニウム箔、その他の金属箔等の単体又はこれらの複合材料・積層材料を好適に用いることができる。
本発明の包装材料では、前記積層体のヒートシール層の表面に本発明塗膜を形成することにより、優れた撥水性及び撥油性が発揮される。すなわち、特に、ヒートシール層に隣接して本発明塗膜を形成することが好ましい。
シート状基材及びヒートシール層を含み、かつ、前記ヒートシール層が最外層として配置された積層体におけるヒートシール層の最外面の一部又は全部に、溶媒中に金属酸化物複合粒子を含む分散液を塗布することにより塗膜を形成する工程(塗膜形成工程)を含む、包装材料の製造方法により製造することができる。
(1)金属酸化物複合粒子の調製
平均一次粒子径12nm及びBET比表面積200m2/gの気相法シリカ粉末(製品名「AEROSIL 200」日本アエロジル(株)製)100gを反応槽に入れ、窒素ガス雰囲気下で攪拌しながら市販の表面処理剤500gをスプレーし、次いで200℃で30分間攪拌した後、冷却した。このように表面改質シリカ微粒子(金属酸化物複合微粒子)の粉末を得た。上記の処理剤として、ポリフルオロオクチルメタクリレート、2-N,N-ジエチルアミノエチルメタクリレート、2-ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート及び2,2’-エチレンジオキシジエチルジメタクリレートのコポリマーの水分散液(固形分濃度:20重量%)を処理剤として用いた。得られた表面改質シリカ微粒子(粉末)の炭素含有量及びフッ素含有量を表1に示す。
(2)分散液の調製
前記(1)で得られた表面改質シリカ微粒子30重量部をエタノール200重量部に添加・混合することにより分散液を調製した。
(3)塗膜の形成
積層体としてポリエチレンテレフタレート(厚さ12μm)/ポリウレタン系ドライラミネート接着剤/アルミニウム箔(20μm)/ポリウレタン系ドライラミネート接着剤/(ポリエチレン/ポリプロピレン)共押し出しフィルムを用い、前記ポリプロピレンの表面にバーコーターを用いて前記(2)で準備した分散液を乾燥後塗布量3g/m2となるように塗布し、続いて180℃のオーブン中で15秒間加熱することにより、実施例1-1のサンプル(包装材料)を得た。
表面処理剤500gを300gに変更したほかは、実施例1-1と同様にしてサンプル(包装材料)を作製した。得られた表面改質シリカ微粒子(粉末)の炭素含有量及びフッ素含有量を表1に示す。
表面処理剤500gを800gに変更したほかは、実施例1-1と同様にしてサンプルを作製した。得られた表面改質シリカ微粒子(粉末)の炭素含有量及びフッ素含有量を表1に示す。
金属酸化物粒子として平均一次粒子径30nm及びBET比表面積50m2/gの気相法シリカ粉末(製品名「AEROSIL 50」日本アエロジル(株)製)を用い、かつ、表面処理剤500gを25gに変更したほかは、実施例1-1と同様にしてサンプル(包装材料)を作製した。得られた表面改質シリカ微粒子(粉末)の炭素含有量及びフッ素含有量を表1に示す。
金属酸化物粒子として平均一次粒子径30nm及びBET比表面積50m2/gの気相法シリカ粉末(製品名「AEROSIL 50」日本アエロジル(株)製)を用いたほかは、実施例1-1と同様にしてサンプル(包装材料)を作製した。得られた表面改質シリカ微粒子(粉末)の炭素含有量及びフッ素含有量を表1に示す。
金属酸化物粒子として平均一次粒子径7nm及びBET比表面積300m2/gの気相法シリカ粉末(製品名「AEROSIL 300」日本アエロジル(株)製)を用い、かつ、表面処理剤500gを750gに変更したほかは、実施例1-1と同様にしてサンプル(包装材料)を作製した。得られた表面改質シリカ微粒子(粉末)の炭素含有量及びフッ素含有量を表1に示す。
表面処理剤500gを20gに変更したほかは、実施例1-1と同様にしてサンプルを作製した。得られた表面改質シリカ微粒子(粉末)の炭素含有量及びフッ素含有量を表1に示す。
処理剤としてトリフロロプロピルトリメトキシシラン100gを用いたほかは、実施例1-1と同様にしてサンプル(包装材料)を作製した。得られた表面改質シリカ微粒子(粉末)の炭素含有量及びフッ素含有量を表1に示す。
実施例1-1の「(2)分散液の調製」において、表面改質シリカ微粒子30重量部と市販のヒートシール剤(ポリプロピレン系ヒートシール剤分散液100重量部(固形分は18重量%、以下同じ)とを有機溶剤(トルエン)200重量部に添加・混合することにより分散液を調製した。このようにして得られた分散液を使用したほかは、実施例1-1と同様にしてサンプル(包装材料)を作製した。
実施例1-2の「(2)分散液の調製」において、表面改質シリカ微粒子30重量部と市販のヒートシール剤(ポリプロピレン系ヒートシール剤分散液100重量部とを有機溶剤(トルエン)200重量部に添加・混合することにより分散液を調製した。このようにして得られた分散液を使用したほかは、実施例1-2と同様にしてサンプル(包装材料)を作製した。
実施例1-3の「(2)分散液の調製」において、表面改質シリカ微粒子30重量部と市販のヒートシール剤(ポリプロピレン系ヒートシール剤分散液100重量部とを有機溶剤(トルエン)200重量部に添加・混合することにより分散液を調製した。このようにして得られた分散液を使用したほかは、実施例1-3と同様にしてサンプル(包装材料)を作製した。
実施例1-4の「(2)分散液の調製」において、表面改質シリカ微粒子30重量部と市販のヒートシール剤(ポリプロピレン系ヒートシール剤分散液100重量部とを有機溶剤(トルエン)200重量部に添加・混合することにより分散液を調製した。このようにして得られた分散液を使用したほかは、実施例1-4と同様にしてサンプル(包装材料)を作製した。
実施例1-5の「(2)分散液の調製」において、表面改質シリカ微粒子30重量部と市販のヒートシール剤(ポリプロピレン系ヒートシール剤分散液100重量部とを有機溶剤(トルエン)200重量部に添加・混合することにより分散液を調製した。このようにして得られた分散液を使用したほかは、実施例1-5と同様にしてサンプル(包装材料)を作製した。
実施例1-6の「(2)分散液の調製」において、表面改質シリカ微粒子30重量部と市販のヒートシール剤(ポリプロピレン系ヒートシール剤分散液100重量部とを有機溶剤(トルエン)200重量部に添加・混合することにより分散液を調製した。このようにして得られた分散液を使用したほかは、実施例1-6と同様にしてサンプル(包装材料)を作製した。
比較例1-1の「(2)分散液の調製」において、表面改質シリカ微粒子30重量部と市販のヒートシール剤(ポリプロピレン系ヒートシール剤分散液100重量部とを有機溶剤(トルエン)200重量部に添加・混合することにより分散液を調製した。このようにして得られた分散液を使用したほかは、比較例1-1と同様にしてサンプル(包装材料)を作製した。
比較例1-2の「(2)分散液の調製」において、表面改質シリカ微粒子30重量部と市販のヒートシール剤(ポリプロピレン系ヒートシール剤分散液100重量部とを有機溶剤(トルエン)200重量部に添加・混合することにより分散液を調製した。このようにして得られた分散液を使用したほかは、比較例1-2と同様にしてサンプル(包装材料)を作製した。
実施例及び比較例で得られたサンプルについて撥油性(25℃)を調べた。具体的には各サンプルの撥水・撥油性付与面を試験面とし、オリーブオイルを数滴滴下して、液滴の状態を観察した。なお、前記オリーブオイルとしては、市販品「AJINOMOTO オリーブオイル」(食用オリーブ油、粘度0.9dPa・s(20℃))(味の素(株)製)を使用した。評価は、撥油性を発揮していたもの(玉状でころがる)を「○」とし、撥油性が見られないもの(濡れた状態で転がらず)を「×」とした。その結果を表1及び表2に示す。
実施例及び比較例で得られたサンプルについて接触角(25℃)を測定した。具体的には各サンプルの撥水・撥油性付与面を試験面とし、接触角測定装置(固液界面解析装置「Drop Master300」協和界面科学株式会社製)を用いて純水及びオリーブオイル(約2~4μl)の接触角を測定した。測定結果は、N数を5回とし、その接触角の平均値を結果に示す。なお、前記オリーブオイルとしては、市販品「AJINOMOTO オリーブオイル」(食用オリーブ油)(味の素(株)製)を使用した。その結果を表1及び表2に示す。
実施例及び比較例で得られたサンプルについて落下角(25℃)を測定した。具体的には各サンプルの撥水・撥油性付与面を試験面とし、この面を上面として水平な平台にクリップで固定し、オリーブオイルを至近距離から垂らし、水平な平台を傾け、オリーブオイルが流れ始めた時の角度を観察した。なお、前記オリーブオイルとしては、市販品「AJINOMOTO オリーブオイル」(食用オリーブ油)(味の素(株)製)を使用した。その結果を表1及び表2に示す。
実施例及び比較例で得られたサンプルについて耐久性(耐摩耗性)を調べた。その試験方法はJIS規格『JIS L0849』に基づき実施した。具体的には各サンプルの撥水・撥油性付与面を試験面とし、摩擦試験機(SHOWA JUKI製)にて摩耗試験を実施した後、オリーブオイルにて撥油性を維持しているかどうか確認した。条件としては、摩擦子の先端に、乾燥した布を取り付け、試験面上を2Nの荷重で毎分30回往復の速度で100回往復摩擦を行った。なお、前記オリーブオイルとしては、市販品「AJINOMOTO オリーブオイル」(食用オリーブ油)(味の素(株)製)を使用した。評価は、試験例1と同様の基準で撥油性を維持していた場合を「○」、撥油性を失っていた場合を「×」とした。その結果を表1及び表2に示す。
実施例2-1~2-6及び比較例2-1~2-2で得られたサンプルについてヒートシール性を調べた。具体的には各包装材料試料から蓋材の形状(90mm×90mmの正方形)に切り抜いた蓋材を作製し、その後フランジ付きポリプロピレン製容器(フランジ幅3.5mm、フランジ外径75mm×内径68mm、高さ約68mm、内容積約155cm3になるように成形したもの)のフランジ上に前記蓋材をヒートシールすることによって包装体を作製した。ヒートシール条件は、温度200℃及び圧力3kgf/cm2にて1.0秒間でベタシールとした。シールした各包装体上の蓋材のタブを開封始点からみて仰角45度の方向に100mm/分の速度で引っ張り、開封初期の最大荷重(N)を測定した。その結果を表2に示す。
Claims (12)
- 撥水性及び撥油性を付与するために材料の表面に形成される塗膜であって、
(1)前記塗膜は、金属酸化物複合粒子を含有し、
(2)前記金属酸化物複合粒子は、a)金属酸化物粒子と、b)その表面に形成されたポリフルオロアルキルメタアクリレート樹脂を含む被覆層とを含み、
(3)前記金属酸化物複合粒子のフッ素含有量(重量%)を金属酸化物粒子の表面積(m2/g)で除した値が0.025~0.180である、ことを特徴とする撥水・撥油性塗膜。 - 前記金属酸化物複合粒子の炭素含有量(重量%)を金属酸化物粒子の表面積(m2/g)で除した値が0.05~0.400である、請求項1に記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
- 前記金属酸化物粒子の平均一次粒子径が5~50nmである、請求項1又は2に記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
- 前記金属酸化物粒子が酸化ケイ素粒子、酸化アルミニウム粒子及び酸化チタン粒子の少なくとも1種である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
- 前記被覆層がケイ素成分を含有しない、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
- 塗膜が多孔質である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
- 最外面となる塗膜表面が、金属酸化物複合粒子によって形成された凹凸構造を有する、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
- 塗膜中における金属酸化物複合粒子の含有量が10~100重量%である、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
- 塗膜がさらに接着成分を含む、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜。
- 請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜を含む包装材料。
- 請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の撥水・撥油性塗膜、ヒートシール層及び基材層を順に備えた、請求項10に記載の包装材料。
- ヒートシールされる領域上に存在する撥水・撥油性塗膜の一部又は全部がヒートシール時にヒートシール層に埋め込まれる、請求項11に記載の包装材料。
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US14/237,534 US10494554B2 (en) | 2012-10-13 | 2013-06-07 | Water- and oil-repellent coating film and articles having this coating film |
AU2013328136A AU2013328136B2 (en) | 2012-10-13 | 2013-06-07 | Water- and oil-repellent coating film and article containing same |
EP13845228.9A EP2762537B1 (en) | 2012-10-13 | 2013-06-07 | Water- and oil-repellent coating film and article containing same |
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JP2012227541A JP5242841B1 (ja) | 2012-10-13 | 2012-10-13 | 撥水・撥油性塗膜及びその塗膜を含む物品 |
JP2012-227541 | 2012-10-13 |
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PCT/JP2013/065864 WO2014057712A1 (ja) | 2012-10-13 | 2013-06-07 | 撥水・撥油性塗膜及びその塗膜を含む物品 |
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US (1) | US10494554B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2762537B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5242841B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101499766B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103946322B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2013328136B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112014016192B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2887585C (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2669733T3 (ja) |
IN (1) | IN2015DN02880A (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2015003806A (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2762537T3 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT2762537T (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2646931C2 (ja) |
TR (1) | TR201808227T4 (ja) |
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP2762537B1 (en) | 2012-10-13 | 2018-04-25 | Toyo Aluminium Kabushiki Kaisha | Water- and oil-repellent coating film and article containing same |
WO2017179678A1 (ja) * | 2016-04-13 | 2017-10-19 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 超撥液性被膜及び超撥液性硬化性被膜形成用組成物 |
JPWO2017179678A1 (ja) * | 2016-04-13 | 2019-02-21 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 超撥液性被膜及び超撥液性硬化性被膜形成用組成物 |
JP2023011062A (ja) * | 2016-04-13 | 2023-01-23 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 超撥液性被膜及び超撥液性硬化性被膜形成用組成物 |
US11578232B2 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2023-02-14 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Super-liquid-repellent coating film and curable composition for forming super-liquid-repellent coating film |
JP7360051B2 (ja) | 2016-04-13 | 2023-10-12 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 超撥液性被膜及び超撥液性硬化性被膜形成用組成物 |
JP2020117670A (ja) * | 2019-01-28 | 2020-08-06 | 東洋アルミニウム株式会社 | フッ素含有複合粒子 |
JP7134107B2 (ja) | 2019-01-28 | 2022-09-09 | 東洋アルミニウム株式会社 | フッ素含有複合粒子 |
WO2020246607A1 (ja) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-12-10 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 組成物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101499766B1 (ko) | 2015-03-06 |
ES2669733T3 (es) | 2018-05-29 |
TWI600753B (zh) | 2017-10-01 |
PL2762537T3 (pl) | 2018-10-31 |
PT2762537T (pt) | 2018-06-07 |
BR112014016192B1 (pt) | 2021-07-20 |
IN2015DN02880A (ja) | 2015-09-11 |
AU2013328136A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
CA2887585A1 (en) | 2014-04-17 |
EP2762537A1 (en) | 2014-08-06 |
EP2762537B1 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
RU2646931C2 (ru) | 2018-03-12 |
TR201808227T4 (tr) | 2018-07-23 |
CN103946322B (zh) | 2016-04-20 |
BR112014016192A8 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
AU2013328136B2 (en) | 2017-01-05 |
CN103946322A (zh) | 2014-07-23 |
KR20140065401A (ko) | 2014-05-29 |
TW201414822A (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
US10494554B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 |
US20150247079A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
RU2015117782A (ru) | 2016-11-27 |
JP5242841B1 (ja) | 2013-07-24 |
CA2887585C (en) | 2020-07-07 |
MX2015003806A (es) | 2015-09-29 |
BR112014016192A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
EP2762537A4 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
JP2014080465A (ja) | 2014-05-08 |
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