WO2013146713A1 - 窒化ケイ素粉末の製造方法及び窒化ケイ素粉末、ならびに窒化ケイ素焼結体及びそれを用いた回路基板 - Google Patents
窒化ケイ素粉末の製造方法及び窒化ケイ素粉末、ならびに窒化ケイ素焼結体及びそれを用いた回路基板 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a silicon nitride powder capable of obtaining a dense silicon nitride sintered body having excellent mechanical strength, particularly a silicon nitride sintered body having both high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical strength.
- the present invention also relates to a silicon nitride sintered body having both high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical strength, and a circuit board using the same.
- the silicon nitride sintered body obtained by molding and heat-sintering silicon nitride powder is excellent in high strength, corrosion resistance, thermal shock resistance, thermal conductivity, electrical insulation, etc., so cutting chips and ball bearings It is used as a wear-resistant member such as a high-temperature structural member such as an automobile engine part, a circuit board or the like.
- a silicon nitride sintered body is usually produced by mixing a sintering aid with silicon nitride powder, forming a molded body by press molding, injection molding, extrusion molding, or the like, and sintering the molded body.
- Patent Document 1 As a method for obtaining a silicon nitride sintered body having high mechanical strength, for example, there is a method disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- Patent Document 1 in the production method for thermally decomposing amorphous silicon nitride powder and / or nitrogen-containing silane compound, the amount of oxygen in the amorphous silicon nitride powder and / or nitrogen-containing silane compound and firing (thermal decomposition) are disclosed. It is disclosed that by controlling the oxygen partial pressure in the atmosphere, a silicon nitride powder having an internal oxygen amount and a surface oxygen amount adjusted to a specific range can be obtained.
- the bending strength of the silicon nitride sintered compact manufactured using this silicon nitride powder shows a high value in both room temperature and 1200 degreeC.
- the surface oxygen content of the silicon nitride powder can be adjusted to a range suitable for sintering in the manufacturing method of Patent Document 1, the amount of internal oxygen is simultaneously adjusted to the surface oxygen content within a range suitable for sintering. Can not be reduced.
- Patent Document 2 in the direct nitriding method in which metal silicon powder is heated in a nitrogen gas atmosphere or a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere containing nitrogen, the oxygen content of the raw material metal silicon powder and the moisture content in the atmosphere are controlled. By doing so, it is disclosed that a silicon nitride powder having a smaller amount of internal oxygen than the silicon nitride powder of Patent Document 1 can be obtained.
- this silicon nitride powder is a powder produced by a direct nitriding method, it requires a pulverization step, and the silicon nitride sintered body obtained by sintering this silicon nitride powder has high mechanical strength. Don't be.
- the silicon nitride powder produced by the direct nitriding method As a raw material for the sintered body, it is necessary to pulverize the powder as described above. Therefore, an appropriate particle size distribution and specific surface area that can improve the sintering density are obtained. This is because it is difficult to obtain a powder having a combination, and it is inevitable that a part of the acid used for removing impurities mixed during pulverization remains in the silicon nitride powder. Further, in the direct nitriding method, the raw material metal silicon (metal silicon) tends to remain inside the silicon nitride particles constituting the silicon nitride powder, and as a result, pores and coarse particles are generated inside the silicon nitride sintered body. This is because there are many cases.
- the silicon nitride sintered body is used not only as a structural member but also as a circuit board, and a silicon nitride sintered body having particularly high thermal conductivity in addition to high mechanical strength is required.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not describe the thermal conductivity of the silicon nitride sintered body or the use of the silicon nitride sintered body for the circuit board, but the thermal conductivity is particularly high in addition to the high mechanical strength. There is a need for silicon nitride powders suitable for producing high silicon nitride sintered bodies.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a dense silicon nitride sintered body having excellent mechanical strength, particularly a silicon nitride sintered body having both high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical strength, and silicon nitride powder as a raw material thereof. The manufacturing method is provided.
- the inventors of the present invention are capable of obtaining a silicon nitride sintered body having a dense and excellent mechanical strength or a silicon nitride sintered body having both high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical strength.
- amorphous Si—N (—H) compound having a specific specific surface area is flowed in a continuous firing furnace while being in a nitrogen-containing inert gas atmosphere or nitrogen-containing reducing property. It has been found that by firing at a temperature of 1400 to 1700 ° C. in a gas atmosphere, a silicon nitride powder having a small amount of internal oxygen and having surface oxygen suitable for sintering can be obtained.
- the present inventors have found that a silicon nitride sintered body having high mechanical strength, in particular, a silicon nitride sintered body having both high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical strength, has been completed.
- the present invention provides an amorphous Si—N (—H) compound having a specific surface area of 400 to 1200 m 2 / g while flowing in a continuous firing furnace, in a nitrogen-containing inert gas atmosphere or nitrogen-containing reducing property.
- a method for producing silicon nitride powder that is fired at a temperature of 1400 to 1700 ° C. in a gas atmosphere, wherein the specific surface area of the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound is RS (m 2 / g) and contains oxygen
- the ratio is RO (mass%), RS / RO is 500 or more
- the amorphous Si—N (—H) -based compound is 12 to 12 in the temperature range of 1000 to 1400 ° C.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a silicon nitride powder, characterized by heating at a temperature rising rate of 100 ° C./min.
- the silicon nitride powder has a specific surface area of 5 to 30 m 2 / g, the oxygen content existing from the particle surface to 3 nm immediately below the particle surface is FSO (mass%), and 3 nm immediately below the particle surface.
- FSO mass existing from the particle surface to 3 nm immediately below the particle surface
- FS / FSO is 8 to 25 and FS / FIO is 22 or more when the content ratio of oxygen present from the inside is FIO (mass%) and the specific surface area is FS (m 2 / g)
- the present invention relates to a method for producing the silicon nitride powder.
- the silicon nitride powder further has a ratio D10 / D90 of 10 volume% diameter D10 and 90 volume% diameter D90 of 0.1 or more in a volume-based particle size distribution measurement by a laser diffraction particle size distribution meter. It is related with the manufacturing method of the said silicon nitride powder characterized by the above-mentioned.
- the present invention has a specific surface area of 5 to 30 m 2 / g, the oxygen content existing from the particle surface to 3 nm immediately below the particle surface is FSO (mass%), and exists from 3 nm immediately below the particle surface to the inside.
- FSO mass-based oxygen content
- the specific surface area is FS (m 2 / g)
- FS / FSO is 8 to 25
- FS / FIO is 22 or more
- laser diffraction particle size The present invention relates to a silicon nitride powder characterized in that a ratio D10 / D90 of 10 volume% diameter D10 and 90 volume% diameter D90 in a volume-based particle size distribution measurement by a distribution meter is 0.1 or more.
- the present invention also relates to a silicon nitride sintered body obtained by sintering the silicon nitride powder.
- the present invention relates to a circuit board using the silicon nitride sintered body.
- RS / RO is In a temperature range of 1000 to 1400 ° C. in a nitrogen-containing inert gas atmosphere or a nitrogen-containing reducing gas atmosphere while flowing an amorphous Si—N (—H) -based compound that is 500 or more in a continuous firing furnace.
- a silicon nitride sintered body having a dense and excellent mechanical strength, particularly a high thermal conductivity and an excellent machine By heating at a temperature rising rate of 12 to 100 ° C./min and firing at a temperature of 1400 to 1700 ° C., a silicon nitride sintered body having a dense and excellent mechanical strength, particularly a high thermal conductivity and an excellent machine It is possible to provide an easily sinterable and inexpensive silicon nitride powder capable of obtaining a silicon nitride sintered body having both high mechanical strength.
- the present invention also provides a silicon nitride sintered body that is dense and has excellent mechanical strength, particularly a silicon nitride sintered body that has both high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical strength.
- a circuit board having both high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical strength is provided.
- the oxygen in the silicon nitride powder is defined as the surface oxygen from the particle surface to 3 nm immediately below the particle surface, and the oxygen present inside 3 nm directly below the particle surface as internal oxygen.
- the content ratio is FSO (mass%) and the content ratio of internal oxygen is FIO (mass%).
- the silicon nitride powder obtained by the production method of the present invention has a surface oxygen content ratio relative to the specific surface area, that is, FS / FSO of 8 to 25, and an internal oxygen content ratio relative to the specific surface area, that is, FS / FIO is 22 or more.
- the surface oxygen content ratio FSO of the silicon nitride powder obtained in the present invention is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1.3 mass%, and the internal oxygen content ratio FIO is in the range of 1.0 mass% or less. Is preferred.
- the silicon nitride powder of the present invention has a specific surface area of 400 to 1200 m 2 / g, a specific surface area of RS (m 2 / g), and an oxygen content ratio of RO (mass%), RS / RO is 500 Above, preferably 550 or more, particularly preferably 1000 or more amorphous Si—N (—H) compound in a nitrogen-containing inert gas atmosphere or nitrogen-containing reducing gas atmosphere while flowing in a continuous firing furnace In the temperature range of 1000 to 1400 ° C., it can be produced by heating at a temperature rising rate of 12 to 100 ° C./min and firing at a temperature of 1400 to 1700 ° C.
- an amorphous Si—N (—H) compound is fired to produce crystalline silicon nitride powder.
- the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound used in the present invention is Si obtained by thermally decomposing part or all of a nitrogen-containing silane compound such as silicon diimide, silicon tetraamide, silicon chlorimide, It is an amorphous Si—N—H compound containing N and H elements, or amorphous silicon nitride containing Si and N, and is represented by the following composition formula (1).
- the amount of halogen contained as an impurity is 0.01% by mass or less, preferably 0.005% by mass or less.
- silicon diimide, silicon tetraamide, silicon chlorimide and the like are used as the nitrogen-containing silane compound in the present invention. These compounds are represented by the following composition formula (2).
- the amount of halogen contained as an impurity is 0.01% by mass or less, preferably 0.005% by mass or less.
- the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound in the present invention may be a known method, for example, a method in which the nitrogen-containing silane compound is thermally decomposed at a temperature of 1200 ° C. or less in a nitrogen or ammonia gas atmosphere, Those produced by a method of reacting ammonia with silicon halide such as silicon chloride, silicon tetrabromide, silicon tetraiodide and the like are used.
- the specific surface area of the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound which is the raw material of the silicon nitride powder in the present invention, is 400 to 1200 m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area is smaller than 400 m 2 / g, rapid crystallization occurs in a temperature range of 1000 to 1400 ° C., and acicular particles and aggregated particles are generated. Even if a sintered body is produced with such a powder, a homogeneous structure is not formed, and the strength and thermal conductivity of the obtained sintered body are reduced.
- the specific surface area of the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound is preferably 450 to 800 m 2 / g.
- the particle size of the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound can be calculated from the equation (3) because the true density is in the range of 1.4 to 1.9 g / cm 3 .
- BET equivalent diameter (nm) 6 / specific surface area (m 2 / g) / true density (g / cm 3 ) ⁇ 1000 ...
- the particle size of the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound according to the formula (3) is in the range of 2 to 10 nm, which is much smaller than the short axis length of 1 mm of the granular material described in Patent Document 5.
- the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound of the present invention has a specific surface area of RS (m 2 / g) and an oxygen content ratio of RO (mass%) of the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound.
- it is an amorphous Si—N (—H) compound having an RS / RO of 500 or more, preferably 550 or more, particularly preferably 1000 or more. This is because, if RS / RO is less than 500, FS / FIO of the obtained silicon nitride powder becomes small, and a silicon nitride sintered body having high temperature strength and high thermal conductivity cannot be obtained.
- the upper limit of RS / RO is not limited, but at least 10,000 or 6000 is allowed.
- the oxygen content of the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound controls the oxygen content of the nitrogen-containing silane compound and the oxygen partial pressure (oxygen concentration) in the atmosphere when the nitrogen-containing silane compound is thermally decomposed. Can be adjusted. As the oxygen content of the nitrogen-containing silane compound is reduced and the oxygen partial pressure in the atmosphere during the thermal decomposition is lowered, the oxygen content ratio of the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound can be lowered. it can.
- the oxygen content of the nitrogen-containing silane compound is such that when silicon halide such as silicon tetrachloride, silicon tetrabromide, silicon tetraiodide and ammonia are reacted in the gas phase, the oxygen concentration in the atmospheric gas at the time of the reaction When reacting the silicon halide with liquid ammonia, the amount of water in an organic reaction solvent such as toluene can be controlled. The oxygen content ratio of the nitrogen-containing silane compound can be lowered as the water content in the organic reaction solvent is reduced.
- silicon halide such as silicon tetrachloride, silicon tetrabromide, silicon tetraiodide and ammonia
- the specific surface area of the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound can be adjusted by the specific surface area of the nitrogen-containing silane compound as a raw material and the maximum temperature when the nitrogen-containing silane compound is thermally decomposed.
- the specific surface area of the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound can be increased as the specific surface area of the nitrogen-containing silane compound is increased and the maximum temperature during the thermal decomposition is decreased.
- the nitrogen-containing silane compound is silicon diimide
- the specific surface area of the nitrogen-containing silane compound is, for example, a known method shown in Patent Document 3, that is, silicon halide and liquid when reacting silicon halide and liquid ammonia. It can be adjusted by a method of changing the ratio with ammonia (silicon halide / liquid ammonia (volume ratio)).
- the specific surface area of the nitrogen-containing silane compound can be increased by increasing the silicon halide / liquid ammonia.
- an amorphous Si—N (—H) compound when baked in a nitrogen-containing inert gas atmosphere or a nitrogen-containing reducing gas atmosphere, an amorphous Si— The N (—H) compound is baked at a temperature of 1400 to 1700 ° C.
- a heating furnace used for heating the amorphous Si—N (—H) -based compound a continuous firing furnace such as a rotary kiln furnace, a shaft kiln furnace, or a fluidized firing furnace is used.
- a continuous firing furnace is an effective means for efficiently dissipating heat generated by the crystallization reaction of amorphous silicon nitride.
- the rotary kiln furnace in particular, is suitable for producing homogeneous powder because it can efficiently dissipate the heat of crystallization because the powder is transferred while stirring by rotating the furnace core tube. It is.
- the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound may be formed into granules.
- the fluidity of the powder is increased and the bulk density can be increased at the same time, so that the processing capability in a continuous firing furnace can be increased. It is also possible to improve the heat transfer state of the powder layer.
- the nitrogen-containing inert gas atmosphere refers to a nitrogen atmosphere, an inert gas atmosphere composed of a rare gas such as nitrogen and argon, and preferably contains no oxygen at all. Even if oxygen is contained, the oxygen concentration is 100 ppm or less, Furthermore, it is preferable that it is 50 ppm or less.
- the nitrogen-containing reducing gas atmosphere is an atmosphere composed of an inert gas such as nitrogen and a reducing gas such as hydrogen or ammonia.
- the maximum temperature inside the furnace tube in the firing in the continuous firing furnace is in the range of 1400-1700 ° C.
- the firing temperature is lower than 1400 ° C., crystallization is not sufficient, and a large amount of amorphous silicon nitride is contained in the silicon nitride powder, which is not preferable.
- the firing temperature is higher than 1700 ° C., not only the coarse crystals grow, but also the generated crystalline silicon nitride powder starts to decompose, which is not preferable.
- the firing temperature is not limited as long as it is in the range of 1400 to 1700 ° C., but is preferably in the range of 1400 to 1600 ° C., more preferably 1450 to 1550 ° C.
- the amorphous Si—N (—H) -based compound is 12 to 100 ° C./min, preferably 15 to 60 ° C./min in the temperature range of 1000 to 1400 ° C. Is heated at a heating rate of 30 to 60 ° C./min. The reason for this will be described below.
- an amorphous Si—N (—H) compound is fired to obtain a silicon nitride powder.
- a silicon nitride powder In the temperature range of 1000 to 1400 ° C. at the time of firing, crystal nuclei are generated in the amorphous silicon nitride powder, and crystallization of the amorphous silicon nitride starts and crystallizes with the release of crystallization heat. Silicon nitride grows.
- Crystalline silicon nitride grain growth reduces surface energy, optimizes the generation density of crystal nuclei, suppresses grain growth at the beginning of crystallization, and provides a sharper particle size distribution with a more suitable particle shape for sintering It becomes possible to obtain crystalline silicon nitride powder having
- the heating rate when heating the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound in the present invention is set by adjusting the temperature distribution inside the core tube of the continuous firing furnace and the moving speed of the powder. be able to.
- the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound which is a raw material powder
- the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound is supplied into the core tube by a feeder installed at the inlet of the core tube, and the highest in the center of the core tube due to the rotation and inclination of the core tube.
- the temperature distribution from the furnace tube inlet to the highest temperature part can be adjusted by the temperature setting of the heater, and the moving speed of the raw material powder can be adjusted by the rotation speed and inclination of the furnace tube.
- silicon nitride powder that can be obtained by the silicon nitride powder manufacturing method of the present invention and can obtain a silicon nitride sintered body having high mechanical strength and high thermal conductivity will be described.
- the silicon nitride powder of the present invention has a specific surface area of 5 to 30 m 2 / g, the content ratio of oxygen present from the particle surface to 3 nm immediately below the particle surface is FSO (mass%), and from 3 nm immediately below the particle surface to the inside
- FSO content ratio of oxygen present
- FS specific surface area
- FS / FSO is 8 to 25
- FS / FIO is 22 or more
- laser A ratio of 10 volume% diameter D10 to 90 volume% diameter D90, D10 / D90 is 0.1 or more in volume-based particle size distribution measurement with a diffraction particle size distribution meter.
- the silicon nitride powder of the present invention is capable of obtaining a silicon nitride sintered body that is dense and has excellent mechanical strength, particularly a silicon nitride sintered body having both high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical strength.
- the specific surface area (FS) of the silicon nitride powder of the present invention is in the range of 5 to 30 m 2 / g, preferably 7 to 25 m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area is less than 5 m 2 / g, the surface energy of the particles becomes small. Such powders are difficult to sinter, and the strength and thermal conductivity of the resulting sintered body tend to be low.
- the specific surface area exceeds 30 m 2 / g, the surface energy of the particles increases, but the obtained molded article is less likely to have a higher relative density and more likely to have a non-uniform relative density. In this case, the obtained sintered body is not sufficiently densified and has a low strength and a low thermal conductivity.
- the ratio (FS / FSO) between the specific surface area (FS) and the oxygen content (FSO) existing from the particle surface to 3 nm immediately below the particle surface is in the range of 8-25.
- the FS / FSO is in the range of 8 to 25
- the wettability and solubility of the silicon nitride powder and the sintering aid during sintering are increased, and the silicon nitride sintered body is dense and has excellent mechanical strength.
- a silicon nitride sintered body having both high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical strength can be obtained.
- FS / FSO When FS / FSO is smaller than 8, the surface oxygen with respect to the specific surface area is too much, and a dense sintered body can be obtained, but the high-temperature strength and thermal conductivity become small. On the other hand, if FS / FSO is greater than 25, the wettability of the sintering aid to the particle surface will deteriorate during sintering, densification will not proceed sufficiently, and the strength and thermal conductivity of the sintered body will be small. Become. FS / FSO is preferably in the range of 10-22.
- the ratio (FS / FIO) between the specific surface area (FS) and the content ratio (FIO) of oxygen existing directly below 3 nm below the particle surface is 22 or more.
- FS / FIO is smaller than 22, the amount of internal oxygen relative to the specific surface area is too large, and when silicon nitride particles are dissolved in the grain boundary phase composed of a sintering aid or the like in the sintering process of silicon nitride, The composition is changed, and the precipitation and growth of ⁇ -columnar crystals are hindered, so that it is not possible to fully exhibit the mechanical properties of the sintered body, particularly the high temperature strength. In addition, high thermal conductivity cannot be expected.
- the FS / FIO is more preferably 25 or more.
- the upper limit is not limited, but it can be realized up to about 100 or even about 200, which is preferable.
- the particle size distribution of the silicon nitride powder of the present invention is in the range specified below.
- the ratio (D10 / D90) of 10 volume% diameter (D10) and 90 volume% diameter (D90) as measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus is 0.1 or more.
- D10 / D90 is smaller than 0.1, the particle size distribution becomes too broad, the sintered structure becomes non-uniform, residual pores, microcracks, etc. occur and the strength of the sintered body decreases.
- the ratio (D10 / D90) is preferably 0.15 or more.
- the upper limit is not limited, but it is preferable because it is feasible up to about 0.25 and even about 0.3.
- the silicon nitride powder of the present invention is obtained by firing an amorphous Si—N (—H) compound in a nitrogen-containing inert gas atmosphere or a nitrogen-containing reducing gas atmosphere while flowing in a continuous firing furnace. Since it is obtained, it does not contain metallic silicon.
- the silicon nitride powder containing metal silicon is sintered, the metal silicon is melted or nitrided in the temperature rising process of the sintering.
- the molten metal silicon agglomerates the silicon nitride powder to form a region where the silicon nitride powder and the sintering aid do not come into contact in a wide range.
- the dissolution rate of silicon nitride in the sintering aid is reduced and the progress of the sintering is slowed down, and pores and microcracks are generated in the silicon nitride sintered body.
- the dissolution rate of silicon nitride in the sintering aid is reduced in the same region as when metal silicon melts and the silicon nitride powder agglomerates. As a result, the progress of sintering is delayed, and pores and microcracks are generated in the silicon nitride sintered body.
- the silicon nitride powder of the present invention does not generate pores and microcracks in the silicon nitride sintered body due to metallic silicon, a high-strength silicon nitride sintered body is easily obtained.
- the silicon nitride powder of the present invention does not contain metallic silicon. It is preferable that metal silicon is not detected as measured by the hydrogen gas generation-gas capacity method in accordance with the JIS R1616-9 free silicon determination method. That is, it is desirable that it is less than 0.01% by mass.
- the silicon nitride powder of the present invention has a specific surface area of 400 to 1200 m 2 / g, a specific surface area of RS (m 2 / g), and an oxygen content ratio of RO (mass%), RS / RO is 500 While the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound is fluidized in a continuous firing furnace, it is 12 in a temperature range of 1000 to 1400 ° C. in a nitrogen-containing inert gas atmosphere or a nitrogen-containing reducing gas atmosphere. It is a silicon nitride powder obtained for the first time by heating at a temperature rising rate of ⁇ 100 ° C./min and firing at a temperature of 1400 ° -1700 ° C.
- a silicon nitride powder having a particle shape and specific surface area suitable for sintering has been conventionally obtained. It was found that silicon nitride powder suitable for sintering can be obtained even if raw materials with low RS / RO that could not be obtained were used, and that the internal oxygen content ratio relative to the specific surface area of the silicon nitride powder could be reduced. I was able to find.
- the raw material amorphous Si—N (—H) compound is contained in a crucible or the like, and the raw material is fired without flowing in a batch furnace, a pusher furnace, or the like, or in a continuous firing furnace, Even if the raw material is fired while flowing, the conventional method using a raw material having an RS / RO of less than 500 cannot obtain the silicon nitride powder of the present invention. This will be described below.
- the amount of oxygen is relatively large to increase the specific surface area, as will be described below, as compared with the method of firing while flowing the raw material. Since it is necessary to use an amorphous Si—N (—H) compound, it is particularly difficult to reduce the ratio of internal oxygen to the specific surface area of the obtained silicon nitride powder.
- the raw material amorphous Si—N (—H) compound is placed in a crucible or the like and fired without flowing the raw material in a batch furnace or a pusher furnace, the crystallization heat is efficiently used as described above.
- the temperature of the silicon nitride powder in the crystallization process is rapidly increased locally by the crystallization heat, and the generated silicon nitride powder is partially or entirely columnar crystals. Or acicular crystallization.
- the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound is granulated to improve heat transfer, and then fired at a low rate of temperature rise, so that columnar crystallization or acicular shape of the silicon nitride powder is obtained.
- Patent Document 4 the specific surface area of the obtained silicon nitride powder is reduced by lowering the rate of temperature increase.
- the Si source gas species (especially SiO) generated from the raw material surface promotes the nucleation and growth of silicon nitride.
- the specific surface area of the raw material is small, the vapor pressure of SiO is low at the low temperature of the firing process, and the SiO concentration is high at high temperature. Therefore, the supersaturation degree near the particles becomes high at high temperature, and silicon nitride nucleation occurs.
- nucleation occurs at a high temperature, the number of nucleation increases and the growth proceeds in a short time even if the heating rate is low, and the silicon nitride particles become small.
- the oxygen content ratio of the raw material is high, the nucleation temperature is high, the degree of supersaturation near the particles at the time of nucleation is high, and the silicon nitride particles are small as in the case where the specific surface area of the raw material is small Conceivable. Therefore, in order to obtain silicon nitride powder having a specific surface area suitable for sintering by a conventional method of baking without flowing raw materials, which requires firing at a low temperature increase rate, the specific surface area is small, and It is necessary to use a raw material with a large amount of oxygen.
- the oxygen content in the resulting silicon nitride particles increases. Therefore, the silicon nitride powder having a specific surface area suitable for sintering obtained by the conventional method of firing without flowing the raw material is compared with the silicon nitride powder having the same specific surface area obtained by firing while flowing the raw material. As a result, the oxygen content in the particles increases.
- the content ratio of internal oxygen to the specific surface area of the obtained silicon nitride powder is higher than in the method of firing while flowing the raw material. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain a silicon nitride powder having a large FS / FIO, and the silicon nitride powder of the present invention could not be obtained.
- the silicon nitride powder of the present invention is a raw material having a high content ratio of internal oxygen with respect to the specific surface area by firing at a specific temperature range with the temperature rising rate adjusted to a specific range. It was found for the first time by the production method of the present invention that was found that a silicon nitride powder suitable for sintering could be obtained even if it was used, and that the internal oxygen content ratio relative to the specific surface area of the silicon nitride powder could be lowered. In addition to having a specific surface area suitable for sintering, FS / FSO, it is a silicon nitride powder having a large FS / FIO.
- the silicon nitride powder of the present invention has excellent sinterability, and the silicon nitride sintered body obtained by sintering the silicon nitride powder of the present invention has excellent mechanical properties and high heat at room temperature and high temperature. It is characterized by having conductivity.
- the silicon nitride sintered body obtained by sintering the silicon nitride powder of the present invention is not limited, but a relative density of 99.0% or more, “Production and Evaluation of High Temperature Structural Member Sintered Body” described later. Prepared and evaluated by “Method” and having a room temperature bending strength of 1000 MPa or more, a bending strength at 1200 ° C.
- the silicon nitride sintered body obtained by sintering the silicon nitride powder of the present invention was prepared and evaluated by “Method for producing and evaluating a sintered body for a circuit board” described later, and room temperature bending strength of 600 MPa or more. And a thermal conductivity at 25 ° C. of 100 W / mK or higher, a room temperature bending strength of 650 MPa or higher, and a thermal conductivity at 25 ° C. of 130 W / mK or higher.
- the above-described pusher furnace is a process for firing a material to be fired by sequentially pushing a plurality of base plates loaded with crucibles or the like containing ceramic raw materials to be fired into the furnace by a pusher mechanism. It is a firing furnace provided with a furnace chamber capable of controlling temperature and atmospheric conditions.
- the content ratio of surface oxygen and the content ratio of internal oxygen in the silicon nitride powder according to the present invention can be measured by the following method. First, the silicon nitride powder is weighed, and the FTO (mass%), which is the total oxygen content of the surface oxygen and internal oxygen of the silicon nitride powder, is melted with an inert gas based on the JIS R1603-10 oxygen determination method. -Measured by a carbon dioxide infrared absorption method (LECO, TC-136 type).
- the silicon nitride powder and hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution are mixed with the weighed silicon nitride powder so that hydrogen fluoride is 5 parts by mass with respect to 1 part by mass of the silicon nitride powder, and stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. This is subjected to suction filtration, and the obtained solid is vacuum-dried at 120 ° C. for 1 hour, and the weight of the hydrofluoric acid-treated powder is measured.
- the oxygen content of the obtained powder is measured by an infrared absorption spectrum method, and this value is defined as FIO before correction (mass% with respect to hydrofluoric acid-treated powder).
- the internal oxygen content FIO (mass% with respect to the silicon nitride powder) is calculated from the following formula (3).
- the surface oxygen content FSO (mass% with respect to the silicon nitride powder) is calculated from the following formula (4).
- the surface oxygen determined in this way is attributed to oxygen existing within a range of 3 nm immediately below the particle surface from the particle surface.
- the depth profile of the X-ray photoelectron spectrum of the powder before and after the hydrofluoric acid treatment and before and after the treatment It confirmed from the powder weight change.
- FIO (mass%) ((weight of hydrofluoric acid-treated powder) (g)) / (silicon nitride powder weight (g)) ⁇ FIO before correction (mass%) (3)
- FSO (mass%) FTO (mass%) ⁇ FIO (mass%) (4)
- the oxygen content ratio of the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound according to the present invention is also the same as that of silicon nitride powder.
- the silicon nitride sintered body according to the present invention is manufactured by the following manufacturing method.
- the silicon nitride powder of the present invention and the sintering aid are mixed, the obtained mixed powder is molded, and the obtained molded body is sintered, whereby the silicon nitride powder for high-temperature structural members according to the present invention is sintered.
- a knot can be produced.
- the silicon nitride sintered body for high-temperature structural members according to the present invention can be produced while simultaneously performing molding and sintering.
- silicon nitride is a difficult-to-sinter material
- a sintered body is usually produced while promoting sintering with a sintering aid.
- silicon nitride sintered body high-temperature stable ⁇ -type columnar crystals are precipitated in the sintering process, and therefore, most of the silicon nitride crystal particles in the sintered body become ⁇ -type columnar crystals.
- the microstructure of the ⁇ -type columnar crystals such as aspect ratio and grain size is greatly influenced not only by the raw material silicon nitride powder, but also by the type and amount of sintering aid and sintering conditions. Is appropriately selected according to the physical properties of the silicon nitride powder and the properties required for the silicon nitride sintered body.
- the structure of the silicon nitride sintered body has a high aspect ratio of ⁇ -type columnar crystals and a fine structure.
- the auxiliary agent generally, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, and yttrium oxide are used in appropriate combination.
- Rare earth oxides such as ytterbium oxide, which are effective for enhancing the heat resistance of the grain boundary phase, are particularly useful for the manufacture of silicon nitride sintered bodies for high-temperature structural members that require high-temperature strength, such as gas turbine members. Sometimes used in combination with a sintering aid.
- the thermal conductivity of the silicon nitride sintered body it is effective to increase the proportion of ⁇ -type crystals, increase the purity of ⁇ -type crystals, and increase their dimensions. Since the ⁇ -type crystal of silicon nitride has a complicated layered structure, the ⁇ -type crystal has a relatively simple layered structure. Therefore, the ⁇ -type crystal is less likely to cause phonon scattering, and further the atoms of the ⁇ -type crystal. This is because the heat conduction is improved because the arrangement is less disturbed and the continuity is high.
- an appropriate amount of an auxiliary agent can be selected from among the auxiliary agents, which can form a fine particle with a minimum amount of grain boundary phase.
- auxiliaries such as yttrium oxide, lanthanoid rare earth oxide, and magnesium oxide can be used singly or in appropriate combination depending on the purpose.
- magnesium compounds such as MgSiN 2 and Mg 2 Si, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, lithium oxide, boron oxide, calcium oxide, etc. alone or yttrium oxide, lanthanoid rare earth oxide, magnesium oxide, etc. Can be used in combination with at least one of the above.
- any method can be used regardless of whether it is wet or dry, as long as they can be mixed uniformly, and known methods such as a rotary mill, barrel mill, vibration mill, etc.
- the method can be used.
- CIP cold isostatic pressing
- any method may be used as long as the obtained sintered body is densified, but atmospheric pressure sintering in an inert gas atmosphere or gas pressure in the atmosphere is 0.2 to 10 MPa. Gas pressure sintering increased to a certain degree is employed. Sintering is generally performed using nitrogen gas in a temperature range of 1700 to 1800 ° C. for atmospheric pressure sintering and 1800 to 2000 ° C. for gas pressure sintering.
- a hot press which is a method of simultaneously performing molding and sintering. Sintering by hot pressing is usually performed in a nitrogen atmosphere at a pressure of 0.2 to 10 MPa and a sintering temperature of 1950 to 2050 ° C.
- the strength can be further improved by subjecting the obtained silicon nitride sintered body to HIP (hot isostatic pressing) treatment.
- HIP hot isostatic pressing
- the HIP treatment is usually performed in a nitrogen atmosphere at a pressure of 30 to 200 MPa and a sintering temperature of 2100 to 2200 ° C.
- the circuit board according to the present invention is manufactured by the following method.
- the circuit board is a plate-like component having an electronic circuit formed on the surface or a component (not including an electronic circuit) for forming an electronic circuit on the surface.
- the circuit board according to the present invention is obtained by processing the silicon nitride sintered body according to the present invention into a plate shape by grinding or the like, joining a metal sheet or the like to the obtained plate-like sintered body, and then etching the metal sheet. It can be manufactured by removing a part and forming a conductor circuit pattern on the surface of the plate-like sintered body.
- a raw material mixture is prepared by adding a sintering aid, an organic binder and the like to the silicon nitride powder according to the present invention, and then the obtained raw material mixture is formed by a sheet forming method such as a doctor blade method ( Green sheet). Thereafter, a conductor forming paste is screen-printed on the surface of the molded body to form a conductor circuit pattern having a predetermined shape.
- the circuit board according to the present invention can be manufactured by removing the organic binder by degreasing treatment and firing the molded body on which the obtained pattern is formed in an inert atmosphere.
- composition analysis method of amorphous Si-N (-H) compound The silicon (Si) content of the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound is measured by ICP emission analysis based on the JIS R1603-7 total silicon quantification method, and the nitrogen (N) content is measured according to JIS R1603. -8 Measured by steam distillation separation neutralization titration method in accordance with the quantification method of total nitrogen, and the oxygen (O) content was determined by melting an inert gas in accordance with the JIS R1603-10 quantification method of oxygen as described above. It was measured by a carbon infrared absorption method.
- the specific surface area of silicon nitride powder and amorphous Si—N (—H) compound was measured by the BET one-point method (Shimadzu Corporation, Flowsorb 2300) by nitrogen gas adsorption, and the particle size distribution was determined by laser diffraction / scattering particle size. Measurement was performed with a distribution measuring device (LA-950, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.).
- a blended powder obtained by adding 5 parts by mass of yttrium oxide and 2 parts by mass of aluminum oxide as a sintering aid to 93 parts by mass of silicon nitride powder was wet mixed in a ball mill for 48 hours using ethanol as a medium, and then dried under reduced pressure.
- the obtained mixture was molded into a 6 ⁇ 45 ⁇ 75 mm shape with a molding pressure of 50 MPa, and then CIP molded with a molding pressure of 150 MPa.
- the obtained molded body was put in a silicon nitride crucible and sintered at 1780 ° C. for 2 hours in a nitrogen gas atmosphere.
- the obtained sintered body was cut and polished to produce a 3 mm ⁇ 4 mm ⁇ 40 mm test piece according to JIS R1601.
- the relative density of the sintered body was measured by the Archimedes method.
- the high-temperature bending strength at room temperature and 1200 ° C. was measured by a method based on JIS R1601 using an Instron universal material testing machine.
- the obtained sintered body was cut and polished to produce a 3 mm ⁇ 4 mm ⁇ 40 mm bending test piece according to JIS R1601 and a 10 mm ⁇ ⁇ 2 mm test piece for thermal conductivity measurement according to JIS R1611.
- the relative density of the sintered body was measured by the Archimedes method.
- the room temperature bending strength was measured using a universal material testing machine manufactured by Instron by a method based on JIS R1601, and the thermal conductivity at room temperature was measured by a flash method based on JIS R1611.
- Example 1 After replacing air in a vertical pressure resistant reactor having a diameter of 40 cm and a height of 60 cm maintained at 20 ° C. with nitrogen gas, 40 liters of liquid ammonia and 5 liters of toluene were charged in the reactor. In the reaction vessel, while liquid ammonia and toluene were slowly stirred, liquid ammonia was separated into an upper layer and toluene was separated into a lower layer. A solution (reaction solution) consisting of 2 liters of silicon tetrachloride prepared in advance and 6 liters of toluene containing 0.1% by mass of water was supplied through a conduit to the lower layer in the reaction vessel being slowly stirred.
- reaction solution consisting of 2 liters of silicon tetrachloride prepared in advance and 6 liters of toluene containing 0.1% by mass of water was supplied through a conduit to the lower layer in the reaction vessel being slowly stirred.
- the volume ratio of silicon tetrachloride supplied into the reaction tank and liquid ammonia in the reaction tank is 5/100.
- a white reaction product was deposited in the vicinity of the interface between the upper and lower layers.
- the reaction product and the residual liquid in the reaction tank are transferred to a filtration tank, the reaction product is separated by filtration, and batch-washed four times with liquid ammonia, and a silicon diimide having a specific surface area of about 1 kg and 1400 m 2 / g. Got.
- the obtained silicon diimide was filled in a raw material hopper of a rotary kiln furnace having a diameter of 150 mm and a length of 2800 mm (heating length of 1000 mm), and the inside of the rotary kiln furnace was vacuum degassed to 13 Pa or less, and then nitrogen gas containing 2% oxygen was added. The total gas amount was introduced at a flow rate of 250 NL / hour, and heating was started.
- the raw material supply screw feeder was rotated, and silicon diimide was supplied from the raw material hopper into the furnace at a powder processing speed of 3 kg / hour.
- composition formula Si 6 N 8.4 H according to Example 1 shown in Table 1 is shown by heating the silicon diimide with the tilt angle of the kiln being 2 degrees, the rotation speed being 1 rpm, the holding time at the maximum temperature being 10 minutes, and heating the silicon diimide.
- An amorphous Si—N (—H) -based compound represented by 1.2 that is, Si 6 N 2x (NH) 12-3x in which x is 3.6 was obtained.
- the obtained amorphous Si—N (—H) -based compound was charged into a raw material hopper of a rotary kiln furnace having a silicon carbide core tube having an inner diameter of 114 mm and a length of 1780 mm.
- the temperature inside the furnace is raised under a nitrogen gas circulation atmosphere (oxygen concentration of less than 100 ppm) until the highest temperature in the furnace reaches the firing temperature shown in Table 1.
- the raw material supply screw feeder was rotated, and the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound was supplied from the raw material hopper into the furnace at a powder processing rate of 2 kg / hour.
- the Si—N (—H) compound was heated and baked at 1500 ° C. to produce the silicon nitride powder of Example 1.
- Metallic silicon was not detected from the obtained silicon nitride powder. That is, the metal silicon content of the obtained silicon nitride powder was less than 0.01% by mass.
- Examples 2 to 12, Comparative Examples 1 to 14 In order to control the oxygen content ratio of the resulting amorphous Si—N (—H) compound, the water content of toluene in the reaction solution supplied to the lower layer of the reaction tank when synthesizing silicon diimide is 0.01 to In the range of 0.5% by mass, the oxygen content of the nitrogen gas introduced into the furnace when decomposing silicon diimide was appropriately adjusted in the range of 0.1 to 5%, and the obtained amorphous Si Example 2 shown in Table 1 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the maximum temperature of the furnace was adjusted in the range of 800 to 1100 ° C. in order to control the specific surface area of the —N (—H) compound.
- x in the composition formula Si 6 N 2x (NH) 12-3x of the amorphous Si—N (—H) compounds according to Comparative Examples 15 to 17 is 3.5, 2. 4, 2.9.
- Example 1 was carried out except that these amorphous Si—N (—H) -based compounds were used as raw materials, and the heating rate in the temperature range of 1000 to 1400 ° C. and the firing temperature were adjusted as shown in Table 1.
- the silicon nitride powders of Examples 2 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 14 were manufactured by firing amorphous Si—N (—H) compounds in a rotary kiln furnace in the same manner as described above. Metallic silicon was not detected from the obtained silicon nitride powder. That is, the metal silicon content of the obtained silicon nitride powder was less than 0.01% by mass.
- the silicon nitride powder of Comparative Example 15 shown in Table 1 was produced by the following method.
- An amorphous Si—N (—H) compound similar to the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound according to Comparative Example 4 was filled in a graphite crucible having an inner diameter of 280 mm and a height of 150 mm, and a pusher furnace Set. After sufficiently replacing the inside of the pusher furnace with nitrogen gas, the temperature was raised to 1500 ° C. in a nitrogen gas circulation atmosphere.
- the silicon nitride powder of Comparative Example 15 was manufactured by adjusting the crucible conveyance speed so that the powder was heated at a temperature increase rate of 4 ° C./min in the temperature range of 1000 to 1400 ° C. Metallic silicon was not detected from the obtained silicon nitride powder. That is, the metal silicon content of the obtained silicon nitride powder was less than 0.01% by mass.
- Comparative Examples 16 to 17 The same as in Comparative Example 15 except that the same amorphous Si—N (—H) compound as the amorphous Si—N (—H) compound according to Examples 10 and 11 was used as a raw material. Amorphous Si—N (—H) compounds were fired under the same conditions as in Comparative Example 15 using a pusher furnace to produce silicon nitride powders of Comparative Examples 16 and 17, respectively.
- the specific surface area, FS / FSO value, FS / FIO value, particle size distribution, crystallinity, and particle shape of the obtained silicon nitride powders of Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 15 were as shown in Table 2. It was. Metallic silicon was not detected from the obtained silicon nitride powder. That is, the metal silicon content of the obtained silicon nitride powder was less than 0.01% by mass.
- Examples 1-1 to 12-1, Comparative Examples 1-1 to 17-1) As shown in Table 3, the silicon nitride powders obtained in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were used as raw materials for Examples 1-1 to 12-1 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 17-1.
- the sintered body for high-temperature structural members was prepared and evaluated according to the method described in the above (Preparation and evaluation method of sintered body for high-temperature structural members). Table 3 further shows the relative density, room temperature bending strength, and high temperature bending strength of these sintered bodies for high temperature structural members.
- Example 1-2 to 12-2, Comparative Examples 1-2 to 17-2 As shown in Table 4, the silicon nitride powders obtained in Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 15 were used as raw materials for Examples 1-2 to 12-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2 to 17-2. Then, a sintered body for measuring thermal conductivity was prepared and evaluated according to the method described in the above (Preparation and evaluation method of sintered body for circuit board). Table 4 further shows the relative density, room temperature bending strength, and thermal conductivity of the sintered bodies for measuring thermal conductivity.
- the silicon nitride powder of the present invention Since the silicon nitride powder of the present invention has an appropriate content ratio of surface oxygen, it is easily sinterable. Therefore, the sintered body obtained by sintering the silicon nitride powder of the present invention has a relative High density and high room temperature strength. Furthermore, since the silicon nitride powder of the present invention has a low content of internal oxygen, the sintered body obtained by sintering the silicon nitride powder of the present invention has high temperature strength and high thermal conductivity.
- the silicon nitride powder of the present invention provides a silicon nitride sintered body having excellent mechanical properties at room temperature and high temperature, and a silicon nitride sintered body having both high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical properties.
- a circuit board excellent in heat dissipation and mechanical strength is provided.
- silicon nitride powder production method of the present invention a silicon nitride powder having a low content of internal oxygen with respect to the specific surface area is obtained while being easily sinterable, and by sintering the silicon nitride powder, it is dense, A silicon nitride sintered body having excellent mechanical strength at room temperature and high temperature, a silicon nitride sintered body having both high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical properties, and a circuit board using the same can be provided.
- these high-quality silicon nitride powders can be produced industrially at low cost and in large quantities.
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Abstract
Description
Si6N2x(NH)12-3x(ただし、式中x=0.5~4であり、組成式には明記しないが、不純物としてハロゲンを含有する化合物を含む)・・・・(1)
不純物として含有されるハロゲンの量は、0.01質量%以下であるが、好ましくは0.005質量%以下である。
Si6(NH)y(NH2)24-2y(ただし、式中y=0~12であり、組成式には明記しないが、不純物としてハロゲンを含有する化合物を含む)・・・・(2)
不純物として含有されるハロゲンの量は、0.01質量%以下であるが、好ましくは0.005質量%以下である。
非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物の粒径は、真密度が1.4~1.9g/cm3の範囲にあるので、(3)式から算出することができる。
BET換算径(nm)=6/比表面積(m2/g)/真密度(g/cm3)×1000
・・・(3)
(3)式による非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物の粒径は2~10nmの範囲にあり、特許文献5記載の顆粒状物の短軸長1mmより、はるかに小さい。
FIO(質量%)=((フッ酸処理粉末の重量)(g))/(窒化ケイ素粉末重量(g))×補正前FIO(質量%)・・・・(3)
FSO(質量%)=FTO(質量%)-FIO(質量%)・・・・(4)
非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物のケイ素(Si)含有量は、JIS R1603-7全けい素の定量方法に準拠したICP発光分析により測定し、窒素(N)含有量はJIS R1603-8全窒素の定量方法に準拠した水蒸気蒸留分離中和滴定法により測定し、また酸素(O)含有量を、前述の通りJIS R1603-10酸素の定量方法に準拠した不活性ガス融解-二酸化炭素赤外線吸収法により測定した。ただし、非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物の酸化を抑制するために、ICP発光分析または水蒸気蒸留分離中和滴定法によるケイ素・窒素含有量測定の場合は、測定のための試料前処理直前までの試料保管時の雰囲気を窒素雰囲気とし、また赤外線吸収法による酸素含有量測定の場合は、測定直前までの試料保管時及び測定時の雰囲気を窒素雰囲気とした。非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物の水素(H)含有量は、非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物の全量よりケイ素(Si)、窒素(N)及び酸素(O)含有量を除いた残分として、化学両論組成に基き算出して、求めた。以上より、Si、N及びHの比を求めて、非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物の組成式を決定した。
窒化ケイ素粉末及び非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物の比表面積は窒素ガス吸着によるBET1点法(島津製作所社製、フローソーブ2300)で測定し、粒度分布はレーザー回折/散乱式粒子径分布測定装置(堀場製作所社製、LA-950)で測定した。
精秤した窒化ケイ素粉末を0.5NのNaOH水溶液に加えて100℃に加熱した。窒化ケイ素の分解により発生したNH3ガスを1%ホウ酸水溶液に吸収させ、吸収液中のNH3量を0.1N硫酸標準溶液で滴定した。吸収液中のNH3量から分解窒素量を算出した。結晶化度は、分解窒素量と窒化ケイ素の理論窒素量39.94%から、下記の式(5)により算出した。
結晶化度(%)=100-(分解窒素量×100/39.94)・・・・(5)
窒化ケイ素粉末の金属ケイ素(金属シリコン)含有率は、遊離けい素含有率0.01質量%以上、1質量%以下に適用されるJIS R1616-9 遊離けい素の定量方法に準拠した水素ガス発生-ガス容量法により測定した。
窒化ケイ素粉末93質量部に、焼結助剤として酸化イットリウム5質量部及び酸化アルミニウム2質量部を添加した配合粉を、媒体としてエタノールを用いて48時間ボールミルで湿式混合した後、減圧乾燥した。得られた混合物を50MPaの成形圧で6×45×75mm形状に金型成形した後、150MPaの成形圧でCIP成形した。得られた成形体を窒化ケイ素製坩堝に入れ、窒素ガス雰囲気下1780℃で2時間焼結した。得られた焼結体を切削研磨加工し、JIS R1601に準拠した3mm×4mm×40mmの試験片を作製した。焼結体の相対密度をアルキメデス法で測定した。室温及び1200℃での高温曲げ強度を、インストロン社製万能材料試験機を用いてJIS R1601に準拠した方法により測定した。
窒化ケイ素粉末94.5質量部に、焼結助剤として酸化イットリウム3.5質量部及び酸化マグネシウム2質量部を添加した配合粉を、媒体としてエタノールを用いて12時間ボールミルで湿式混合した後、減圧乾燥した。得られた混合物を50MPaの成形圧で12.3mmφ×3.2mm形状に金型成形した後、150MPaの成形圧でCIP成形した。得られた成形体を窒化ホウ素製坩堝に入れ、窒素ガスによる0.8MPaの加圧雰囲気下、1900℃で22時間焼結した。得られた焼結体を切削研磨加工し、JIS R1601に準拠した3mm×4mm×40mmの曲げ試験片、及びJIS R1611に準拠した熱伝導率測定用の10mmφ×2mmの試験片を作製した。焼結体の相対密度をアルキメデス法で測定した。室温曲げ強度を、インストロン社製万能材料試験機を用いてJIS R1601に準拠した方法により、また、室温における熱伝導率を、JIS R1611に準拠したフラッシュ法により測定した。
20℃に保たれた直径40cm、高さ60cmの縦型耐圧反応槽内の空気を窒素ガスで置換した後、反応槽内に40リットルの液体アンモニア及び5リットルのトルエンを仕込んだ。反応槽内で、液体アンモニア及びトルエンをゆっくり攪拌しながら、液体アンモニアを上層に、トルエンを下層に分離した。予め調製した2リットルの四塩化ケイ素と0.1質量%の水分を含む6リットルのトルエンとからなる溶液(反応液)を、導管を通じて、ゆっくり撹拌されている反応槽内の下層に供給した。このとき、反応槽内に供給された四塩化ケイ素と反応槽内の液体アンモニアの体積比は5/100である。前記溶液の供給と共に、上下層の界面近傍に白色の反応生成物が析出した。反応終了後、反応槽内の反応生成物及び残留液を濾過槽へ移送し、反応生成物を濾別して、液体アンモニアで4回バッチ洗浄し、約1kgの比表面積が1400m2/gのシリコンジイミドを得た。
得られた窒化ケイ素粉末からは金属ケイ素は検出されなかった。すなわち、得られた窒化ケイ素粉末の金属ケイ素含有率は0.01質量%未満であった。
得られる非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物の酸素含有割合を制御するために、シリコンジイミドを合成する際に反応槽下層に供給する反応液中のトルエンの水分量を0.01~0.5質量%の範囲で、またシリコンジイミドを分解する際に炉内に導入する窒素ガスの酸素含有割合を0.1~5%の範囲で適宜調節したことと、得られる非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物の比表面積を制御するために、炉の最高温度を800~1100℃の範囲で調節したこと以外は実施例1と同様の方法で、表1に示す実施例2~12及び比較例1~14に係る非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物を得た。なお、実施例2~12に係る非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物の組成式Si6N2x(NH)12-3xにおけるxは、実施例2から順に2.7、2.8、1.1、0.6、2.6、2.6、2.8、3.5、2.7、2.8、0.8であり、比較例1~14に係る非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物の組成式Si6N2x(NH)12-3xにおけるxは、比較例1から順に3.8、0.6、0.6、3.5、3.4、2.7、2.6、0.8、2.7、2.6、2.9、2.8、3.8、3.8であった。因みに、比較例15~17に係る非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物の組成式Si6N2x(NH)12-3xにおけるxは、比較例15から順に、3.5、2.4、2.9であった。次いで、これらの非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物を原料にして、1000~1400℃の温度範囲の昇温速度、及び焼成温度を表1に示すように調節した以外は実施例1と同様の方法でロータリーキルン炉にて非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物を焼成して、実施例2~12、及び比較例1~14の窒化ケイ素粉末を製造した。
得られた窒化ケイ素粉末からは金属ケイ素は検出されなかった。すなわち、得られた窒化ケイ素粉末の金属ケイ素含有率は0.01質量%未満であった。
表1に示す比較例15の窒化ケイ素粉末は以下の方法にて製造した。比較例4に係る非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物と同様の非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物を、内径280mm、高さ150mmの黒鉛製坩堝に充填し、プッシャー炉にセットした。プッシャー炉内を窒素ガスで十分に置換した後、窒素ガス流通雰囲気下で1500℃まで昇温した。1000~1400℃の温度範囲で、粉末が4℃/分の昇温速度で加熱されるように坩堝の搬送速度を調整して、比較例15の窒化ケイ素粉末を製造した。
得られた窒化ケイ素粉末からは金属ケイ素は検出されなかった。すなわち、得られた窒化ケイ素粉末の金属ケイ素含有率は0.01質量%未満であった。
原料として、実施例10、11に係る非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物と同様の非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物を用いたこと以外は、比較例15と同様のプッシャー炉を用いて比較例15と同様の条件で非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物を焼成して、それぞれ比較例16、17の窒化ケイ素粉末を製造した。
得られた窒化ケイ素粉末からは金属ケイ素は検出されなかった。すなわち、得られた窒化ケイ素粉末の金属ケイ素含有率は0.01質量%未満であった。
実施例1~9、及び比較例1~6で得られた各窒化ケイ素粉末を、表3に示すように、実施例1-1~12-1及び比較例1-1~17-1の原料として用い、前記の(高温構造部材用焼結体の作製及び評価方法)に記載した方法に従って高温構造部材用焼結体を作製し評価した。表3には、更に、それら高温構造部材用焼結体の相対密度、室温曲げ強度、高温曲げ強度を示す。
実施例1~12、及び比較例1~15で得られた窒化ケイ素粉末を、表4に示すように、実施例1-2~12-2及び比較例1-2~17-2の原料として、前記の(回路基板用焼結体の作製及び評価方法)に記載した方法に従って熱伝導率測定用焼結体を作製し評価した。表4には、更に、それら熱伝導率測定用焼結体の相対密度、室温曲げ強度、熱伝導率を示す。
Claims (14)
- 比表面積が400~1200m2/gである非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物を、連続焼成炉によって流動させながら、窒素含有不活性ガス雰囲気下又は窒素含有還元性ガス雰囲気下、1400~1700℃の温度で焼成する窒化ケイ素粉末の製造方法であって、
前記非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物の比表面積をRS(m2/g)、酸素含有割合をRO(質量%)とした場合に、RS/ROが500以上であり、
前記焼成時に、前記非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物を1000~1400℃の温度範囲では12~100℃/分の昇温速度で加熱することを特徴とする窒化ケイ素粉末の製造方法。 - 前記窒化ケイ素粉末が、比表面積が5~30m2/gであり、
粒子表面から粒子表面直下3nmまでに存在する酸素の含有割合をFSO(質量%)とし、粒子表面直下3nmから内側に存在する酸素の含有割合をFIO(質量%)とし、比表面積をFS(m2/g)とした場合に、
FS/FSOが8~25であり、
FS/FIOが22以上である
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の窒化ケイ素粉末の製造方法。 - 前記窒化ケイ素粉末が、レーザー回折式粒度分布計による体積基準の粒度分布測定における、10体積%径D10と90体積%径D90との比率D10/D90が0.1以上であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の窒化ケイ素粉末の製造方法。
- 前記非晶質Si-N(-H)系化合物が、Si6N2x(NH)12-3x(ただし、式中x=0.5~4であり、不純物としてハロゲンを含有する化合物を含む)で表されることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の窒化ケイ素粉末の製造方法。
- 前記RS/ROが1000以上であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の窒化ケイ素粉末の製造方法。
- 前記昇温速度が15~60℃/分であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の窒化ケイ素粉末の製造方法。
- 前記焼成の温度範囲が1400~1600℃であることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の窒化ケイ素粉末の製造方法。
- 比表面積が5~30m2/gであり、粒子表面から粒子表面直下3nmまでに存在する酸素の含有割合をFSO(質量%)とし、粒子表面直下3nmより内側に存在する酸素の含有割合をFIO(質量%)とし、比表面積をFS(m2/g)とした場合に、FS/FSOが8~25であり、FS/FIOが22以上であり、レーザー回折式粒度分布計による体積基準の粒度分布測定における、10体積%径D10と90体積%径D90との比率D10/D90が0.1以上であることを特徴とする窒化ケイ素粉末。
- 金属ケイ素を含まないことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の窒化ケイ素粉末。
- 前記比表面積が7~25m2/gであり、前記FS/FSOが10~22であり、FS/FIOが25以上であることを特徴とする請求項8又は9に記載の窒化ケイ素粉末。
- 請求項8~10のいずれか1項に記載の窒化ケイ素粉末を焼結して得られる窒化ケイ素焼結体。
- 相対密度が99%以上、室温での曲げ強度が1000MPa以上、1200℃での曲げ強度が600MPa以上であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の窒化ケイ素焼結体。
- 相対密度が99%以上、室温曲げ強度が600MPa以上、熱伝導率が100W/mK以上であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の窒化ケイ素焼結体。
- 請求項13記載の窒化ケイ素焼結体を用いた回路基板。
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CN100441501C (zh) * | 2002-09-09 | 2008-12-10 | 张芬红 | 制备纳米氮化硅粉体的系统 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TWI573757B (zh) | 2017-03-11 |
JPWO2013146713A1 (ja) | 2015-12-14 |
KR20140136002A (ko) | 2014-11-27 |
JP5862765B2 (ja) | 2016-02-16 |
SG11201405976RA (en) | 2014-11-27 |
EP2832687B1 (en) | 2018-11-14 |
CN104203813B (zh) | 2017-04-26 |
KR101652616B1 (ko) | 2016-08-30 |
US9085462B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 |
EP2832687A1 (en) | 2015-02-04 |
US20150056121A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
EP2832687A4 (en) | 2015-11-25 |
TW201343541A (zh) | 2013-11-01 |
CN104203813A (zh) | 2014-12-10 |
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