WO2010116677A1 - 鉄道車両構体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
鉄道車両構体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010116677A1 WO2010116677A1 PCT/JP2010/002295 JP2010002295W WO2010116677A1 WO 2010116677 A1 WO2010116677 A1 WO 2010116677A1 JP 2010002295 W JP2010002295 W JP 2010002295W WO 2010116677 A1 WO2010116677 A1 WO 2010116677A1
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- Prior art keywords
- outer plate
- side outer
- fiber reinforced
- reinforced resin
- opening
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
- B29C70/088—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers and with one or more layers of non-plastics material or non-specified material, e.g. supports
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/84—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks by moulding material on preformed parts to be joined
- B29C70/845—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks by moulding material on preformed parts to be joined by moulding material on a relative small portion of the preformed parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/08—Sides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3064—Trains
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a railway vehicle structure including a side structure having a side skin and a bone member, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- FIG. 13A is a front view of a side structure of a conventional railway vehicle as viewed from the indoor side
- FIG. 13B is a sectional view taken along line XIIIb-XIIIb.
- the side structure 101 includes a side outer plate 102, a vertical bone member 103 welded to the inner surface of the side outer plate 102 at the door pocket, and a lower portion of the window opening. And a transverse bone member 104 welded to the inner surface of the side skin 102.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose a railway vehicle structure in which a bone member is joined to an outer plate by laser welding. According to this, since the welding trace appearing on the finished surface on the front side of the outer plate becomes inconspicuous, it is possible to improve the appearance of the railway vehicle structure.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a structure in which members of a conventional railway vehicle are joined using laser welding.
- FIG. 15 is a front view of the side structure shown in FIG. 14 as viewed from the indoor side.
- FIG. 16A is an enlarged view of the main part showing the vicinity of the window opening of the side structure shown in FIG. 15, and
- FIG. 16B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XVIb-XVIb.
- the structure 111 includes a roof structure 112, a side structure 113, a wife structure (not shown), and a frame 114. As shown in FIGS.
- the side structure 113 is formed by joining a lateral bone member 118 to the side outer plate 117 in which the window opening 117 a is formed by laser welding from the indoor side, and further joining the lateral bone member 118 to the longitudinal bone member 118. 119 is formed by laser welding from the indoor side and joining.
- a reinforcing plate 115 Since a high stress is generated at the peripheral corner portion defining the window opening 117a, a reinforcing plate 115 is provided.
- the reinforcing plate 115 has a substantially L shape corresponding to the corner portion, and is joined to the side outer plate 117 by spot welding.
- spot welding the reason why the reinforcing plate 115 is joined by spot welding is that the reinforcing plate 115 cannot be attached to the reinforcing portion by laser welding due to structural limitations of the laser welding apparatus.
- the reinforcing plate 115 is joined to the side outer plate 117 by performing spot welding at ten locations.
- a laser welding bead that is a continuous undulation of the base material melted by laser irradiation is generated in the structure, but the reinforcing plate 115 is attached to the indoor side, so the side outer plate 117 and the window frame The laser welding bead 116 must be removed by a grounder, which increases the number of processes.
- Patent Documents 3 to 6 propose a technique using a carbon fiber reinforced resin for an outer plate or a bone member of a railway vehicle. According to this, the vehicle structure can be significantly reduced in weight and can be assembled with high efficiency.
- the use ratio of the carbon fiber reinforced resin in the structure is high. Since carbon fiber reinforced resin is difficult to recycle unlike metal, there is a problem that if the main part of the structure is made of carbon fiber reinforced resin, the recyclability is deteriorated. Therefore, in consideration of recyclability, the structure is currently formed using a metal such as stainless steel.
- an object of the present invention is to improve the recyclability of the railway vehicle structure while improving the appearance, manufacturing accuracy, and manufacturing efficiency.
- the railway vehicle structure of the present invention includes a metal side outer plate in which an opening is formed, a plurality of metal bone members that are joined to the inner surface of the side outer plate and extend in the vehicle up-down direction or the vehicle front-rear direction, And a fiber reinforced resin member bonded to a predetermined portion including a corner portion of the peripheral edge portion defining the opening or a portion between the bone members on the inner surface side of the side outer plate.
- the fiber reinforced resin member is joined to the predetermined part including the corner part of the peripheral part which defines an opening, or a part between bone members, a welding trace remains for reinforcement of the said predetermined part. No dimensional error due to thermal distortion occurs and construction is easy. Therefore, the appearance, manufacturing accuracy and manufacturing efficiency are improved.
- the fiber reinforced resin member is provided only in a predetermined portion including a peripheral corner portion defining the opening or a portion between the bone members, and the side outer plate which is the main portion and the bone member joined thereto are made of metal. Since it is made, the recyclability can be kept good.
- the number of metal bone members can be reduced by providing a fiber reinforced resin member at a predetermined portion including a corner portion of the peripheral portion that defines the opening or a portion between the bone members. Man-hours can also be reduced. As described above, in the railway vehicle structure, it is possible to suitably achieve both improvement in appearance, manufacturing accuracy, and manufacturing efficiency and maintaining good recyclability.
- the railcar structure manufacturing method of the present invention includes a step of joining a plurality of metal bone members extending in the vehicle vertical direction or the vehicle front-rear direction to the inner surface of the metal side outer plate in which the opening is formed, A step of forming a fiber reinforced resin member by adhering a fiber sheet with an impregnating adhesive resin to a predetermined portion including an inner surface side of a side outer plate and a peripheral corner portion defining the opening or a portion between the bone members. And.
- the fiber sheet has flexibility, it is possible to easily form a fiber reinforced resin member adhered to the predetermined portion by impregnating and bonding the fiber sheet with the impregnating adhesive resin along the predetermined portion. It is possible to reinforce the side structure by simple construction.
- the “fiber sheet” is a fiber in which fibers used for fiber reinforced resin such as carbon fiber are formed in a cloth shape and not impregnated with resin.
- FIG.1 (b) is the Ib-Ib sectional view taken on the line. It is a principal part enlarged view of FIG.1 (b). It is drawing equivalent to FIG. 2 of a modification. It is drawing explaining the reinforcement of the lower opening of a modification. It is a principal part enlarged view of the vicinity of the window opening of the side structure of another embodiment. It is a principal part perspective view which expands and shows the principal part of FIG. It is the VII-VII sectional view taken on the line of FIG.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram explaining the load to a railway vehicle structure, (a) is a no-load state, (b) is a state in which the structure is bent with the center in the vehicle front-rear direction being maximum bent as a passenger enters, (c). Shows the deformation of the window opening 2 b of the side outer plate 2. It is drawing explaining the reinforcement of the window opening of a modification. It is a principal part front view which shows other embodiment of the side structure to which the carbon fiber reinforced resin member was joined.
- (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a straight side structure viewed from the front-rear direction of the vehicle
- (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view of a side structure having a curved portion with a large radius of curvature
- (c) is a curve with a small radius of curvature.
- (d) is drawing explaining the laser welding with respect to a curved part with a small curvature radius.
- (A) is a principal part perspective view of the cross beam of a stand frame
- (b) is a principal part perspective view of the conventional cross beam.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a structure in which members of a conventional railway vehicle are joined using laser welding. It is the front view which looked at the side structure shown in FIG. 14 from the room inner side.
- (A) is an enlarged view of a main part showing the vicinity of the window opening of the side structure shown in FIG. 15, and (b) is a sectional view taken along the line XVIb-XVIb.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a front view of a side structure 1 of a railway vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the indoor side
- FIG. 1 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line Ib-Ib
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG.
- the side structure 1 is arranged in the vehicle longitudinal direction with a metal (for example, stainless steel, etc.) side outer plate 2 that forms the left and right side walls of the railway vehicle structure, spaced apart from each other.
- a metal for example, stainless steel, etc.
- the side outer plate 2 includes a door opening 2a, a window opening 2b provided at a distance from the front and rear of the door opening 2a, and a lower part for mounting the device provided below the window opening 2b and smaller than the window opening 2b.
- An opening 2c and an upper opening 2d for mounting a device which is provided above the window opening 2b and is smaller than the window opening 2b are formed.
- Each of the openings 2a to 2d is formed in a substantially rectangular shape (in the present specification, "substantially rectangular shape” includes not only a completely rectangular shape but also a rectangular corner portion that is rounded and rounded. Meaning to include.)
- the side outer plate 2 is provided with a door pocket portion 2e between the door opening 2a and the window opening 2b in which the door is accommodated.
- the transverse bone member 3 includes a main body 3a (see FIG. 6) having a substantially horseshoe-shaped cross section that opens toward the side outer plate 2, and a flange 3b (see FIG. 6) that protrudes away from the opening edge of the main body 3a. And has a substantially hat-shaped cross section.
- the lateral bone member 3 is joined to the inner surface of the side outer plate 2 by spot welding the flange portion 3b to the side outer plate 2.
- the longitudinal bone member 4 is joined to the inner surface of the side outer plate 2 or joined to the main body 3 a of the transverse bone member 3 in a state orthogonal to the transverse bone member 3.
- the longitudinal bone member 4 has a substantially horseshoe-shaped main body portion 4a that opens toward the side outer plate 2, and a flange portion 4b that protrudes away from the opening edge of the main body portion 4a. It is formed into a shape.
- the longitudinal bone member 4 is joined to the side outer plate 2 by spot welding the flange portion 4b to the inner side of the side outer plate 2 or the lateral bone member 3.
- the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5 ⁇ / b> A is joined to a portion between the adjacent longitudinal bone members 4 on the indoor side surface of the door pocket portion 2 e of the side outer plate 2.
- the plate thickness of the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5A is larger than the plate thickness of the bone members 3 and 4.
- the specific joining procedure of the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5A is to degrease the portion between the adjacent vertical bone members 4 on the side outer plate 2 and to apply the primer 6 made of impregnated adhesive resin to the portion (for example, epoxy resin). And impregnating the solidified primer 6 with an impregnated adhesive resin 8 (for example, epoxy resin), and before the undercoat is solidified, the resin-impregnated carbon fiber sheet 7 is layered on the primer 6.
- the impregnated adhesive resin 8 is applied to the carbon fiber sheet 7 using a roller or the like, and the surface is flattened and the impregnated adhesive resin 8 is solidified.
- the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5A bonded to the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5A exhibits an effect of reinforcing the door pocket portion 2e of the side outer plate 2 together with the longitudinal bone member 4.
- the door pocket portion 2e is provided in Carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5A, the fiber direction is arranged such that the vehicle vertical direction and substantially parallel.
- the carbon fiber sheet 7 may be a more or may be multiple layers.
- the number of the longitudinal bone members 4 is reduced from the conventional six to four.
- the number of the longitudinal bone members 4 can be reduced, so that the weight of the side structure 1 can be reduced.
- the conventional spot welding is point joining, and the load sharing depends on the number of spot welding points, but the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5A formed by impregnating and bonding the carbon fiber sheet 7 to the side outer plate 2 is Since surface bonding is performed on the entire sheet, the load burden per unit area can be reduced as compared with the conventional sheet.
- the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5A is provided between the longitudinal bone members 4, but is not limited thereto.
- the primer 6 is applied so as to cover the entire inner surface side, and the entire inner surface side is covered.
- the carbon fiber sheet 7 may be provided, and the carbon fiber sheet 7 may be impregnated with the impregnated adhesive resin 8 to form the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5A ′.
- the carbon fiber sheet 7 since the carbon fiber sheet 7 not impregnated with resin has flexibility, the carbon fiber sheet 7 along the wavy portion formed by joining a plurality of vertical bone members 4 to the inner surface of the side outer plate 2 at intervals from each other.
- the carbon fiber sheet 7 can be disposed and easily impregnated and bonded, and construction is also easy.
- the entire periphery of the peripheral edge portions 2f and 2g defining the lower opening 2c and the upper opening 2d on the inner surface of the side outer plate 2 is along the peripheral edges 2f and 2g.
- Shaped annular carbon fiber reinforced resin members 5B and 5C are joined. The specific joining procedure is the same as that of the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5A. Further, since the carbon fiber sheet not impregnated with resin can be cut easily, such annular carbon fiber reinforced resin members 5B and 5C can be easily formed.
- annular carbon fiber reinforced resin members 5B and 5C are used, it is not restricted to this, You may divide
- a carbon fiber sheet 7a extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and a carbon fiber sheet 7b extending in the vertical direction of the vehicle body are butted at the corner portion of the peripheral edge 2f, and a carbon fiber sheet 7c is further placed on the butted portion. It may be laminated.
- the fiber directions of the carbon fiber sheets 7a and 7b are respectively the vehicle longitudinal direction and the vehicle vertical direction
- the fiber direction of the carbon fiber sheet 7c is an angle at which the virtual extension line does not intersect the opening 2c (for example, the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction). It is set to be approximately 45 ° with respect to the direction.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the lower opening 2c, the same applies to the upper opening 2d.
- the fiber reinforced resin members 5A to 5C are joined to a part of the side outer plate 2 between the longitudinal bone members 4 or a predetermined part including the peripheral portions 2f and g defining the openings 2c and d.
- the welding marks for reinforcing the side outer plate 2 are suppressed, the generation of dimensional errors due to thermal strain is suppressed, the strain removing operation is greatly reduced, and the construction is easy.
- the predetermined portion with the fiber reinforced resin members 5A to 5C the number of metal bone members can be reduced, and the weight of the vehicle body and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced. Therefore, the appearance, manufacturing accuracy, manufacturing efficiency, etc. are improved.
- the portions where the fiber reinforced resin members 5A to 5D are provided are only a part between the longitudinal bone members 4 or predetermined portions including the peripheral portions 2f and g that define the openings 2b and c. Since the main part comprised by 3 and the longitudinal bone member 4 is metal, waste can be reduced and recyclability can also be kept favorable. As described above, in the railway vehicle structure, it is possible to suitably achieve both improvement in appearance, manufacturing accuracy, and manufacturing efficiency and maintaining good recyclability. In addition, since the fiber sheet 7 not impregnated with resin has flexibility, the fiber sheet 5A can be easily impregnated with the impregnated adhesive resin along the fiber sheet with respect to a predetermined portion of the side outer plate 2 so that the fiber reinforced resin member 5A is easily obtained. ⁇ 5C can be formed, and the side structure 1 can be reinforced by simple construction.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part in the vicinity of the window opening 2b of the side structure 21 of another embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view showing a main part of FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. In FIG. 5, the window frame is not shown.
- a plurality of transverse bone members 3 are joined to the inner surface of the side outer plate 2 by laser welding, and the longitudinal bone members 4 are joined to the transverse bone members 3. It joins by laser welding on the main-body part 3a of the horizontal bone member 3 in the orthogonal state. That is, in the side structure 21, all the bone members 3 and 4 are joined not by spot welding but by laser welding.
- the flange portion 3b of the lateral bone member 3 is overlapped on the inner surface of the side outer plate 2 on the indoor side, and a laser beam is continuously irradiated to the flange portion 3b from the normal direction of the inner side of the side outer plate 2.
- the laser beam output or the beam moving speed is controlled so that the bottom of the molten pool generated by heating and melting to 2 does not reach the outer surface of the side outer plate 2 on the outdoor side.
- the longitudinal bone member 4 is the same as the transverse bone member 3 in that the laser beam output or beam moving speed is controlled to prevent the appearance of the side structure from being deteriorated due to welding marks. Even when the side outer plate 2 is formed by joining a plurality of metal plates to each other, the side outer plate 2 may be joined by laser welding in the same manner.
- a substantially L-shaped carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5D is bonded to each of the corners at the four corners of the peripheral edge 2h defining the window opening 2b on the inner surface of the side outer plate 2.
- the specific joining procedure of the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5D is the same as that of the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5A.
- the transverse bone member 3 ⁇ / b> A whose extension line interferes with the corner portion of the peripheral edge portion 2 g is provided in order to provide the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5 ⁇ / b> D on the inner surface of the corner portion of the peripheral edge portion 2 g. It arrange
- a window frame 11 made of metal (for example, stainless steel) is joined to the outer surface of the peripheral edge 2h of the window opening 2b of the side outer plate 2 by laser welding.
- symbol L in FIG. 6 has shown the laser welding bead.
- the window frame 11 is overlapped on the outer surface of the outer periphery of the peripheral edge 2h, and the overlapping portion is continuously irradiated with a laser beam from the normal direction on the indoor side to be heated and melted to the inside of the window frame 11.
- the laser beam output or beam moving speed is controlled so that the bottom of the molten pool generated thereby does not reach the outer surface of the window frame 11.
- the carbon fiber reinforced resin 5D is formed by laser welding the window frame 11 to the peripheral edge portion 2h of the window opening 2b of the side outer plate 2, and then seeing the window frame 11 and the side outer plate 2 from the normal direction of the side outer plate 2. It is joined at a position overlapping the joint.
- a laser welding bead L which is a continuous undulation of the base material melted by laser irradiation, is generated on the inner surface of the peripheral edge 2h of the side outer plate 2.
- the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5D is formed by adhering the carbon fiber sheet 7 with the impregnated adhesive resin 8, the carbon fiber sheet 7 can be smoothly covered along the laser weld bead L, and the bead is removed. It is possible to omit the process.
- the vertical bone member 4 is joined to the upper surface of the horizontal bone member 3 by laser welding. Specifically, the vertical bone member 4 is disposed above the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5D so as to overlap a part of the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5D when viewed from the normal direction on the indoor side of the side outer plate 2. . Thereby, the longitudinal bone member 4 can be provided in the position close
- Each fiber direction of the carbon fiber sheet 7 at the four corners is set so that the virtual extension line does not intersect the window opening 2b (for example, approximately 45 ° with respect to the vertical direction and the front-rear direction). The reason will be described below.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining the load on the railway vehicle structure, in which (a) is a no-load state, (b) is a state where the structure is bent with the center in the vehicle front-rear direction being the maximum deflection as a passenger enters, (C) shows the deformation of the window opening 2b of the side outer plate 2.
- FIG. 8A the symbol C indicates a fulcrum.
- the window opening 2b of the side outer plate 2 is deformed into a substantially parallelogram shape, and tensile stress is applied to a pair of corner portions on the diagonal line defining the window opening 2b. And compressive stress is generated at a pair of corner portions on another diagonal line.
- the tensile stress and the compressive stress are generated such that the virtual extension lines of the stress directions do not intersect the window opening 2b and are approximately 45 ° with respect to the vertical direction and the front-rear direction.
- carbon fiber reinforced resin has big intensity
- a plurality of carbon fiber sheets may be laminated such that the fiber directions are different from each other to improve the reinforcing effect.
- a plurality of carbon fiber sheets 7a to 7d may be formed in substantially the same shape and arranged so that their fiber directions are different in a stacked state so that their external shapes match.
- the fiber direction of the first-layer carbon fiber sheet 7Da is the vehicle front-rear direction
- the fiber direction of the second-layer carbon fiber sheet 7b is approximately 45 ° with respect to the vehicle front-rear direction and the vertical direction (virtual extension line in the fiber direction). Does not cross the window opening 2b).
- the fiber direction of the third-layer carbon fiber sheet 7c is the vehicle vertical direction
- the fiber direction of the fourth-layer carbon fiber sheet 7d is the same as that of the first layer.
- a some carbon fiber sheet may be laminated
- FIG. 10 is a main part front view showing still another embodiment of a side structure 21 ′ to which a carbon fiber reinforced resin member is bonded.
- the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 25D includes a corner portion at the peripheral edge 2h of the window opening 2b of the side outer plate 2 of the side structure 21 ′, and an intermediate portion of the vertical side connecting the corner portion up and down. It is good also as a shape which has corner part 25Da and intermediate
- the corner portion 25Da and the intermediate portion 25Db may be formed integrally or may be configured separately.
- a carbon fiber reinforced resin member 25C formed using a plurality of carbon fiber sheets 27a to 27c is joined to the upper opening 2d in FIG.
- the fiber direction of the carbon fiber sheet 27a provided along the vertical side of the upper opening 2d is the vehicle vertical direction
- the fiber direction of the carbon fiber sheet 27b provided along the horizontal side of the upper opening 2d is the vehicle front-rear direction.
- the fiber direction of the carbon fiber sheet 27c provided along the corner portion of the opening 2d is approximately 45 ° with respect to the vehicle front-rear direction and the vertical direction (the virtual extension line in the fiber direction does not intersect the upper opening 2d).
- the end portion of the carbon fiber sheet 27a and the end portion of the carbon fiber sheet 27b may be butted against each other, and the carbon fiber sheet 27c may be laminated on a corner portion that becomes the butted portion.
- FIG. 11A is a longitudinal sectional view of the straight side structure 31 as seen from the front-rear direction of the vehicle
- FIG. 11B is a longitudinal sectional view of the side structure 41 having a curved portion with a large radius of curvature
- (d) is drawing explaining the laser welding with respect to the curved part with a small curvature radius.
- the side outer plate often has a curved portion that is bent so that the lower portion faces the vehicle inner side (FIGS. 11B and 11C).
- the curvature radius (for example, 1500 mm) of the curved portion 42a of the side outer plate 42 is large, the transverse bone member 43 is bonded to the side outer plate 42 using the pressing roller R and joined. can do.
- the curvature radius (for example, 500 mm) of the curved portion 52a is small as shown in FIG. 11C, a considerably large pressure is applied to the lateral bone member 53 using the pressing roller R as shown in FIG. If it is not added, the transverse bone member 53 cannot be brought into close contact with the side outer plate 52, so that laser welding cannot be used.
- the transverse bone member 53 is joined at a position avoiding the curved portion 52a. Therefore, in order to avoid a decrease in the rigidity of the curved portion 52a, a plate-like carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5E may be joined to the inner surface of the curved portion 52a between the adjacent transverse bone members 53. At this time, the fiber direction of the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5E is the vehicle vertical direction.
- the formation method of the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5E is the same as that of the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5A described above. As described above, since the lateral bone member 53 cannot be installed in the portion where the curvature radius of the side outer plate 52 is small, the rigidity required for the side structure 51 can be ensured by providing the carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5E. .
- fiber reinforced resin members 5D, 25D, and 5E are joined to predetermined portions such as a corner portion of peripheral edge 2h that defines opening 2b of side outer plate 2. Therefore, no welding marks remain to reinforce the side outer plate 2, and no dimensional error due to thermal strain is generated, so that the strain removal operation is greatly reduced and the construction is easy. Therefore, the appearance, manufacturing accuracy, manufacturing efficiency, etc. are improved. Moreover, the locations where the fiber reinforced resin members 5D, 25D, and 5E are provided are only predetermined portions such as the corner portions of the peripheral edge 2h that define the opening 2b, and the side outer plate 2, the transverse bone member 3, and the longitudinal bone member 4 are provided.
- the main part is made of metal, waste can be reduced and recyclability can be kept good.
- the fiber sheet 7 not impregnated with resin has flexibility, the fiber sheet is easily impregnated and bonded with the impregnated adhesive resin along the predetermined portion of the side outer plate 2 so that the fiber reinforced resin member 5D can be easily bonded.
- 25D, 5E can be formed, and the side structures 21, 21 ', 51 can be reinforced by simple construction.
- a side outer plate and a bone member are not limited to stainless steel, For example, an aluminum alloy etc. may be sufficient.
- this embodiment demonstrated the example which applied the reinforcement structure by carbon fiber reinforced resin to the side structure 1, it is not restricted to this, You may apply to a wife structure. Further, the reinforcing structure using the carbon fiber reinforced resin can be applied not only to the side structure and the end structure but also to the floor plate of the underframe.
- FIG. 12 (a) is a perspective view of a main part of a cross beam 60 of the underframe
- FIG. 12 (b) is a perspective view of a main part of a conventional cross beam 160.
- the conventional cross beam 160 has a vertical substrate portion 60a and horizontal portions 60b and 60c extending in parallel in the same direction at the upper and lower edges of the substrate portion 60a. Further, a duct hole 60d is formed in the substrate portion 60a. Reinforcing ribs 161 are provided on both sides of the duct hole 60d in order to avoid a decrease in bending rigidity.
- the flatness of the underframe is an important element for exhibiting the function as the underframe, but distortion is generated by heat generated when the reinforcing rib 161 is joined to the horizontal beam 160 by welding. .
- the cross beam 60 of the present invention is not provided with the reinforcing rib 161, but the annular and plate-like carbon fiber reinforced resin member 5F along the periphery of the duct hole 60d in the substrate portion 60a. By providing this, a decrease in bending rigidity is prevented. Further, since it is not necessary to join the reinforcing ribs by welding, thermal distortion does not occur. Thereby, the manufacturing precision of the frame which requires high flatness can be improved. In addition, the work for removing distortion can be greatly reduced.
- each material of a carbon fiber sheet, a primer, and an impregnation adhesive resin is prepared.
- a highly elastic unidirectional material FTS-C8-30 manufactured by Nippon Steel Composite Co., Ltd.
- Carbon fiber single characteristic contained in the carbon fiber sheet has a tensile strength of 1900 N / mm 2, a tensile modulus of 6.4 ⁇ 10 5 N / mm 2 .
- the primer is a two-component mixed epoxy resin (FP-NSL manufactured by Nippon Steel Composite Co., Ltd .: viscosity is about 1000 mPa ⁇ s), and the impregnated adhesive resin is a two-component mixed epoxy resin (manufactured by Nippon Steel Composite Co., Ltd. FR-E3PL: viscosity Is about 4400 mPa ⁇ s). Then, the following steps (1) to (7) are performed in order.
- FP-NSL manufactured by Nippon Steel Composite Co., Ltd .
- FR-E3PL viscosity Is about 4400 mPa ⁇ s
- Substrate treatment A predetermined portion requiring reinforcement is polished with a grinder (for example, # 100), or is left with a so-called BG # 80 finish (the finishing direction is the vehicle longitudinal direction). Then, the surface of the predetermined portion is sufficiently degreased with acetone to remove dirt.
- a grinder for example, # 100
- BG # 80 finish the finishing direction is the vehicle longitudinal direction.
- the carbon fiber sheet is cut into a desired shape corresponding to the predetermined portion.
- a cutting tool such as a cutter knife or a ruler
- the carbon fiber sheet is cut into a desired shape corresponding to the predetermined portion.
- a curved portion such as a corner portion of the peripheral edge that defines the window opening
- cutting the carbon fiber sheet with a cutting die or a ponce increases the work efficiency and improves the accuracy and quality. Can be increased.
- Primer application A primer is applied with a roller brush at a rate of, for example, 200 g / m 2 and cured for 2 to 4 hours or more (preferably about 1 day).
- the primer is applied to protect the surface immediately after the side skin is polished, and corrosion occurs due to the potential difference between the carbon fiber and the side skin when the carbon fiber reinforcement is in direct contact with the side skin. This is to avoid doing. That is, the primer also functions as an insulating layer.
- the reason why the amount of primer applied is managed is that it is difficult to manage the resin thickness during construction.
- the reason why the viscosity of the primer is lower than that of the impregnated adhesive resin is to allow the primer to be well adapted to the surface of the side outer plate.
- the impregnated adhesive resin is 300 g / m 2 per layer and is less than the undercoat.
- the impregnated adhesive resin is set to 500 g / m 2 per layer of the undercoat, but 300 g / m 2 per layer of the top coat, and the amount of the undercoat is larger than that of the top coat because the sheet is retained during the impregnation operation. For this reason, the resin is efficiently impregnated into the sheet by capillary action.
- Second and subsequent layers If necessary, return to (4) and affix the second and subsequent carbon fiber sheets.
- the sheet edge of each layer is shifted by about 5 to 10 mm in order to alleviate the stress concentration at the adhesion edge.
- the amount of resin used between the sheets is determined in consideration of workability and ease of impregnation, but is changed according to the amount of fiber per unit volume so that the ratio of the fiber and the resin is the same. be able to.
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Abstract
Description
補強を必要とする所定部分をグラインダー(例えば#100)で研磨する、又は、いわゆるBG#80仕上げ(仕上げ方向は車両前後方向)のままとする。そして、その所定部分の表面をアセトンにて十分に脱脂処理して汚れを取り除く。
例えばカッターナイフや定規などの裁断用道具を用いて、炭素繊維シートを前記所定部分に対応する所望の形状に切断する。特に、窓開口を画定する周縁部のコーナ部分のような曲線部分に適用する場合には、炭素繊維シートを切断型やポンス等を用いて裁断することで、作業効率を高めるともに精度・品質を高めることができる。
ローラ刷毛にて、プライマーを例えば200g/m2の割合で塗布し、2~4時間以上(好ましくは1日程度)養生する。ここで、プライマーを塗布するのは、側外板の研磨後直ちに表面を保護するため、及び、炭素繊維強化が側外板に直接接触して炭素繊維と側外板との電位差により腐食が発生するのを回避するためである。つまり、プライマーは絶縁層としても機能する。また、プライマーの塗布量を管理するのは、施工中に樹脂厚さを管理することが困難であるからである。また、プライマーの粘度が含浸接着樹脂より低いのは、プライマーが側外板の表面によく馴染むようにするためである。
含浸接着樹脂をローラ刷毛にて下塗りする。例えば、含浸接着樹脂は1層あたり500g/m2で下塗りする。なお、含浸接着樹脂は、所定の混合比(主剤:硬化剤=2:1)で混合・計量した後、ヘラで均一に練り混ぜる。
前記下塗りが固化する前に、その上に炭素繊維シートを貼り付ける。この際、含浸接着樹脂の粘度は高いため、炭素繊維シートがずれることはない。そして、炭素繊維シートを脱泡ローラにてしごき、含浸接着樹脂を繊維に含浸させた後、30分間程度放置する。この放置により、毛細管現象で含浸が進む(含浸した樹脂が繊維間から浮き上がってくる)。
さらにその上から含浸接着樹脂をローラ刷毛にて上塗りする。例えば、含浸接着樹脂は1層あたり300g/m2として、下塗りより少なくする。ここで、下塗り1層あたり500g/m2とするのに対し、上塗り1層あたり300g/m2とし、上塗りに比べて下塗りを多くしているのは、含浸作業中にシートを保持する目的のため、毛細管現象によりシート内に樹脂を効率よく含浸させるためである。
必要に応じて、(4)に戻って、2層目以降の炭素繊維シートを貼り付ける。なお、2層目以降は、接着端の応力集中を緩和するために、各層のシート端部を5~10mm程度ずらす。この場合、シート間の樹脂の使用量は、作業性や含浸し易さを考慮して決定するが、繊維と樹脂の比率が同じ程度になるように単位容積あたりの繊維量に応じて変更することができる。
2,52 側外板
2b 窓開口
2e 戸袋部
2f~2h 周縁部
3,53 横骨部材
4 縦骨部材
5A~5F 炭素繊維強化樹脂部材
6 プライマー
7 炭素繊維シート
8 含浸接着樹脂
52a 湾曲部
Claims (11)
- 開口が形成された金属製の側外板と、
前記側外板の内面に接合されて車両上下方向又は車両前後方向に延びる金属製の複数の骨部材と、
前記側外板の内面側であって前記開口を画定する周縁部のコーナ部分又は前記骨部材間の一部分を含む所定部分に接合された繊維強化樹脂部材と、
を備えている、鉄道車両構体。 - 前記繊維強化樹脂部材は、前記所定部分に繊維シートを含浸接着樹脂により接着して形成されている、請求項1に記載の鉄道車両構体。
- 前記繊維シートは、前記側外板の内面に前記複数の骨部材が互いに間隔をあけて接合されることで形成される波状部分に沿うようにして含浸接着樹脂により接着されている、請求項2に記載の鉄道車両構体。
- 前記側外板は、その下部を車両内側に向けるように曲げられた湾曲部を有し、
前記骨部材は、車両前後方向に延びるように前記側外板の内面の前記湾曲部を避けた位置に接合され、
前記湾曲部における前記側外板の内面には、前記繊維シートが繊維方向を車両上下方向とするように沿わされて含浸接着樹脂により接着されている、請求項2に記載の鉄道車両構体。 - 前記開口は、窓開口であり、
前記窓開口を画定する周縁部にて前記側外板の外面に接合された金属製の窓枠をさらに備え、
前記繊維強化樹脂部材は、前記側外板の法線方向から見て前記窓枠と前記側外板との接合部に重なる位置に接合されている、請求項1に記載の鉄道車両構体。 - 前記開口は、略矩形状であり、
前記繊維強化樹脂部材は、前記開口を画定する周縁部の各コーナ部分にそれぞれ接合されており、
前記繊維強化樹脂部材の繊維方向は、その繊維方向の仮想延長線が前記開口に交差しない角度に設定されている、請求項1に記載の鉄道車両構体。 - 前記開口は、略矩形状であり、
前記開口を画定する周縁部に前記繊維強化樹脂部材が接合されているとともに、前記周縁部のコーナ部分には前記繊維強化樹脂部材に重ねて別の繊維強化樹脂部材が繊維方向を異ならせて積層されている、請求項1に記載の鉄道車両構体。 - 前記所定部分は、前記側外板に車両上下方向に延びる前記複数の骨部材が接合されてなる戸袋部である、請求項1に記載の鉄道車両構体。
- 前記骨部材は、前記側外板に対してレーザ溶接によって接合されている、請求項1に記載の鉄道車両構体。
- 開口が形成された金属製の側外板の内面に、車両上下方向又は車両前後方向に延びる金属製の複数の骨部材を接合する工程と、
前記側外板の内面側であって前記開口を画定する周縁部のコーナ部分又は前記骨部材間の一部分を含む所定部分に、繊維シートを含浸接着樹脂により接着して繊維強化樹脂部材を形成する工程と、
を備えている、鉄道車両構体の製造方法。 - 前記繊維強化樹脂部材を形成する工程は、前記側外板の内面にプライマーを塗布し、そのプライマーが固化した後に含浸接着樹脂を下塗りし、その下塗りされた含浸接着樹脂が固化する前に前記繊維シートを重ね、さらにその上に含浸接着樹脂を上塗りし、前記繊維シートに含浸接着樹脂を浸透させることを含んでいる、請求項10に記載の鉄道車両構体の製造方法。
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US13/257,653 US8424462B2 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2010-03-30 | Railcar bodyshell and method for manufacturing the same |
JP2010537066A JP5302973B2 (ja) | 2009-03-30 | 2010-03-30 | 鉄道車両構体及びその製造方法 |
EP10761383.8A EP2415649A4 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2010-03-30 | BRAKE VEHICLE BODY STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
CN201080002097.XA CN102099236B (zh) | 2009-03-30 | 2010-03-30 | 铁道车辆结构体及其制造方法 |
HK11108535.2A HK1154369A1 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2011-08-15 | Railroad vehicle body structure and method of manufacturing same |
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HK1190370A1 (zh) | 2014-07-04 |
JP5302973B2 (ja) | 2013-10-02 |
CN102099236A (zh) | 2011-06-15 |
CN103465919B (zh) | 2016-03-02 |
TWI395683B (zh) | 2013-05-11 |
US8424462B2 (en) | 2013-04-23 |
TW201040055A (en) | 2010-11-16 |
EP2415649A1 (en) | 2012-02-08 |
EP2415649A4 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
HK1154369A1 (en) | 2012-04-20 |
JPWO2010116677A1 (ja) | 2012-10-18 |
US20120042805A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
CN102099236B (zh) | 2014-02-19 |
CN103465919A (zh) | 2013-12-25 |
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