WO2004023555A1 - 保護素子 - Google Patents
保護素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004023555A1 WO2004023555A1 PCT/JP2003/011419 JP0311419W WO2004023555A1 WO 2004023555 A1 WO2004023555 A1 WO 2004023555A1 JP 0311419 W JP0311419 W JP 0311419W WO 2004023555 A1 WO2004023555 A1 WO 2004023555A1
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- protection element
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/0203—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits
- H01L27/0248—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. electrostatic discharge [ESD] protection
- H01L27/0251—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. electrostatic discharge [ESD] protection for MOS devices
- H01L27/0255—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. electrostatic discharge [ESD] protection for MOS devices using diodes as protective elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/0203—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits
- H01L27/0248—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. electrostatic discharge [ESD] protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/0203—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits
- H01L27/0248—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. electrostatic discharge [ESD] protection
- H01L27/0251—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. electrostatic discharge [ESD] protection for MOS devices
- H01L27/0288—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. electrostatic discharge [ESD] protection for MOS devices using passive elements as protective elements, e.g. resistors, capacitors, inductors, spark-gaps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66083—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched, e.g. two-terminal devices
- H01L29/6609—Diodes
- H01L29/66098—Breakdown diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/80—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by a PN or other rectifying junction gate, i.e. potential-jump barrier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/80—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by a PN or other rectifying junction gate, i.e. potential-jump barrier
- H01L29/812—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by a PN or other rectifying junction gate, i.e. potential-jump barrier with a Schottky gate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/86—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched
- H01L29/861—Diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L24/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/00014—Technical content checked by a classifier the subject-matter covered by the group, the symbol of which is combined with the symbol of this group, being disclosed without further technical details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/11—Device type
- H01L2924/13—Discrete devices, e.g. 3 terminal devices
- H01L2924/1304—Transistor
- H01L2924/1305—Bipolar Junction Transistor [BJT]
- H01L2924/13055—Insulated gate bipolar transistor [IGBT]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/11—Device type
- H01L2924/13—Discrete devices, e.g. 3 terminal devices
- H01L2924/1304—Transistor
- H01L2924/1306—Field-effect transistor [FET]
- H01L2924/13091—Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor [MOSFET]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a protection element, and more particularly to a protection element that significantly improves an electrostatic breakdown voltage without deteriorating high-frequency characteristics of a protected element.
- FIG. 11 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a semiconductor device having a junction or a capacitance.
- FIG. 11 (A) is an equivalent circuit diagram showing GaAs MES FET
- FIG. 11 (B) is a bipolar transistor
- FIG. 11 (C) is a MOSFET circuit.
- an equivalent circuit composed of a diode, a capacitor, and a resistor (a high-frequency device may include an inductor).
- this diode represents a PN junction or a Schottky junction.
- the diode of GaAsMESFET is a Schottky barrier diode
- the diode of the bipolar transistor is a PN junction diode.
- microwave communication devices differ from other audio, video, and power devices in that their Schottky or PN junction capacitance and gate MOS capacitance inherent in these devices are different. There was a problem that they were small and their joints were susceptible to static electricity. Further, the capacitance integrated in the microwave integrated circuit also has a small capacitance value, and has a problem that it is vulnerable to insulation rupture. Means for solving the problem
- the present invention has been made in view of the various circumstances described above, and firstly, a first high-concentration impurity region, a second high-concentration impurity region, and the first and second high-concentration impurity regions.
- a protected element having a PN junction or a Schottky junction with the first and second high-concentration impurity regions serving as two terminals.
- the electrostatic energy applied between the two terminals of the protected element is discharged between the first and second high-concentration impurity regions to attenuate the electrostatic energy. This will solve the problem.
- the semiconductor device includes a first high-concentration impurity region, a second high-concentration impurity region, and an insulating region disposed in contact with the first and second high-concentration impurity regions,
- the first and second high-concentration impurity regions are defined as two terminals, connected in parallel between two terminals of a protected element constituting a capacitor, and an electrostatic tunnel applied between the two terminals of the protected element. This problem is solved by discharging energy between the first and second high-concentration impurity regions to attenuate the electrostatic energy.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a protection element.
- the protection element 200 in the present specification means that an insulating region 200 is located between two terminals of an adjacent first high-concentration impurity region 201 and a second high-concentration impurity region 202.
- Distribute 3 It is an element placed.
- the first and second high-concentration impurity regions 201 and 202 are provided in the substrate 201 by ion implantation and diffusion.
- these high-concentration impurity regions will be described as a first N + -type region 201 and a second N + -type region 202 in this specification.
- the first and second N + -type regions 201 and 202 are provided at a distance that allows the passage of electrostatic energy, for example, at a distance of about 4 m, and their impurity concentrations are both 1 ⁇ 10 17 cm— 3 or more.
- An insulating region 203 is disposed between the first and second N + -type regions 201 and 202 in contact with each other.
- the insulating region 203 is not completely insulated electrically, but is an insulating material obtained by ion-implanting impurities into a part 203 a of a semi-insulating substrate or the substrate 201.
- Region 203 b The impurity concentration of the insulating region 2 0 3, 1 XI 0 1 4 cm - 3 degrees or less, the resistivity, 1 XI 0 3 Omega cm or more.
- the distance of 4 ⁇ m between these two N + -type regions is a suitable distance for passing electrostatic energy. If the distance is more than 10 ⁇ m, discharge between the protection elements is not reliable. The same applies to the impurity concentration of the N + type region and the resistance value of the insulating region.
- first N + type region 201 and second N + type region 202 Connect in parallel between the two terminals.
- the first and second N + -type regions 201 and 202 may be used as they are as terminals of the protection element 200, or a metal electrode 204 may be further provided.
- FIG. 2 shows a metal electrode 204 forming a Schottky junction with the first and second N + -type regions 201, 202
- FIG. 3 shows a metal electrode forming an ohmic junction. It is 204.
- the description will be made as a metal electrode 204 s of a short-circuit junction and a metal electrode 204 o of a short-circuit junction.
- FIG. 2 ( ⁇ ) shows that the metal electrode 204 s forms a Schottky junction with the surface of the first ⁇ + type region 201 and the surface of the second ⁇ + type region 202.
- the first and second ⁇ + regions 2 are separated from the end of the insulating region 203 by 0.1 ⁇ . 01, 202 Installed on the surface. If the distance is more than 5 ⁇ , the resistance increases and the static electricity becomes harder to pass.
- the metal electrode 204 s may be provided only on the first and second N + -type regions 201 and ′ 202, and a part thereof is extended to the semi-insulating substrate 101. A Schottky junction with the substrate surface may be formed.
- an edge film 205 such as a protective nitride film is formed on the first and second N + -type regions 201 and 202.
- a metal electrode 204 s may be provided through the intermediary. In this case, the metal electrode 204 s extends on the semi-insulating substrate 101 and is connected to the first and second N + -type regions 201 and 202 via the substrate 101. Become. Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (D), no metal layer is provided on both the N + -type regions 201 and 202, and the outer semi-insulating substrate 101 and the metal electrode 204 s are not provided. A structure that forms a Schottky junction may be used.
- the metal electrode 204 s is the first and / or second N + type region 201, 2 It is not directly connected to 0 2. This Thus, the metal electrode 204 s forms a Schottky junction with the substrate about 0 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m outside the end of the first and / or second N + -type regions 201 and 202.
- the structure may be as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 2 (B), FIG. 2 (C), and FIG. 2 (D), the first and second N + -type regions 201, 202 need to be in contact with the metal electrode 204s. However, if it is within 5 ⁇ m, a sufficient connection between the N + -type region and the metal electrode 204 s can be secured via the semi-insulating substrate.
- FIG. 3 shows a metal electrode 204 ⁇ forming an ohmic junction with the first and / or second N + -type regions.
- the metal electrode 204 ⁇ may form an ohmic junction with the first and second or second ⁇ + type regions 201, 202. Since a semi-insulating substrate 101 and the metal electrode 204 cannot form a homogeneous junction, in this case, the metal electrode 204 extends over the adjacent substrate 101 Nothing.
- the metal electrode 204 ⁇ is connected to the bonding pad (or the wiring connected to the bonding pad) 120 of the element to be protected, but in the case of ohmic bonding, the other metal layer 2 is connected as shown in the figure. Connect the metal electrode 204 and the node (or wiring) 120 through the 06.
- An ohmic junction has a lower resistance than a Schottky junction and is easier to conduct static electricity. In that sense, ohmic bonding is more effective in protecting against electrostatic rupture than shotock bonding.
- the ohmic electrode metal 204 ⁇ often diffuses deeply into the substrate, and when the ohmic electrode metal 204 ⁇ reaches a depth higher than the high concentration layer, The semi-insulating region of the substrate comes into contact with the ohmic electrode metal 204, and in this case, the protection element 200 itself is liable to be electrostatically ruptured.
- the first ⁇ + region 201 and the second ⁇ + region 202 are also provided with a metal by an omic junction, and the distance between the omic junctions is 10 ⁇ , and the If the metal electrode 204 ⁇ diffuses to the semi-insulating region of the substrate more than the depth of the ⁇ + region 201, 202, it is likely that the metal at the portion deeper than the depth of the ⁇ + region A single junction structure is formed, which is weak to electrostatic energy. At this time, there is a danger that the protection element itself will be electrostatically ruptured.
- the ohmic electrode metal 204 diffuses into the semi-insulating region of the substrate more than the depth of these two N + regions, it must be a Schottky junction, and the When the electrode metal 204 does not reach the depth of the N + region, the ohmic bonding has a greater protection effect.
- both terminals of the protection element 200 may have the same metal electrode structure, and the first and second N + type regions are each independently formed as shown in FIG. Further, it may have the structure shown in FIG. Further, one terminal has a metal electrode 204, and the other terminal does not need to have the metal electrode 204. However, in order to reduce the resistance, it is better to provide the electrode as much as possible. Increases protective effect.
- These metal electrodes 204 may be a part of a bonding pad or a part of a wiring connected to the bonding pad. It is possible to prevent the chip area from increasing by connecting 0 0.
- FIG. 4 is a first embodiment showing a connection example of the protection element, and GaAs MESFET will be described as an example of the element to be protected.
- Fig. 4 (A) is a plan view
- Fig. 4 (B) is a sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 4 (A)
- Fig. 4 (C) is an equivalent circuit diagram of Fig. 4 (A). It is.
- the element 100 to be protected is a MESFET, and the active layer 1 provided on the surface of the GaAs, which is the semi-insulating substrate 101.
- a gate electrode 105 forming a Schottky junction with the gate electrode 102, a source region 103 and a drain region 104 formed of high-concentration impurity regions provided at both ends of the operation layer 102, and the surface thereof
- a source electrode 106 and a drain electrode 107 forming an ohmic junction.
- the operating layer 102 connected to each electrode and the source and drain regions 103 and 104 are referred to as the FET operating region 1'08, and are indicated by broken lines in FIG. 4 (A). Show.
- the gate electrode 105, the source electrode 106, and the drain electrode 107 in the FET operation region 108 are referred to as a gate wiring 112, a source wiring 113, and a drain wiring, respectively. It is assumed that they are connected to the gate node GP, the source pad SP, and the drain pad DP via the inner wiring 114, respectively. Gate wiring 1 1 2, source wiring 1 1 3, and drain wiring 1 1 4 converge, and the part reaching the corresponding pad is called gate terminal G, source terminal S, drain terminal D. Name.
- the protected element 100 does not need to have all of the gate pad GP, the source pad SP, and the drain pad DP. It does not include the case where the terminal is present.
- the drain of the front-stage FET and the gate of the rear-stage FET do not have a pad but have a terminal. is there.
- Each of the wirings 112, 113 and 114 is not limited to the metal wiring, but includes a resistance by an N + layer.
- the bonding pads SP, DP, and GP corresponding to each electrode in the operation area 108 are not necessarily connected only by uniform wiring, but may include resistors, capacitors, inductors, etc. Is included. That is, it is assumed that DC, AC, high frequency, and any electric signal are transmitted between the electrodes 108 in each operation region and the corresponding bonding pads.
- the gate electrode 105, the source electrode 106, and the drain electrode 107 are extended by metal wirings 112, 113, 114, respectively. Connect to GP, source node SP, and drain pad DP.
- the gate Schottky junction is in a reverse bias state.
- the equivalent circuit at that time is a circuit in which a short-circuit diode 115 is connected between the gate terminal G and the source terminal S and between the gate terminal G and the drain terminal D.
- Protection from electrostatic breakdown can be achieved by reducing the electrostatic energy applied to the short-circuited Schottky junction of the gate electrode 105. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the above-described protection element 200 is connected in parallel between the two terminals of the ME SFET 100, and a part of the protection element 200 is discharged in response to electrostatic energy applied from the corresponding two terminals. By establishing a bypass path to protect the weak joints from electrostatic blasting.
- the electrostatic energy applied from the bonding pad to which the two terminals are connected can be partially discharged inside the protection element 200 by using the wirings 120. That is, the electrostatic energy in the FET operation region 108 having the weakest electrostatic breakdown strength, which leads to the gate-shock junction, can be reduced, and the FET 100 can be protected from electrostatic breakdown.
- the protection element 200 is connected to both the gate terminal G and the drain terminal D and between the gate terminal G and the source terminal S for discharging, but only one of them may be used.
- the cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of the protection element in FIG. 4 (A) is the same as FIG. 2 (A).
- the connection of the protection element 200 in this specification means that the surface of the semi-insulating substrate 101 on which the protected element 100 is formed has a separation distance of 4 ⁇ m.
- the protected device MESFET 100 and the protected device 200 are integrated on the same chip.
- an insulating region 203 formed by impurity ion implantation is formed between the two N + -type regions 201 and 202.
- the terminal of the protection element 200 connected to the gate terminal G which is one terminal of the FET 100, is referred to as a first N + type region 201
- the terminal of the protection element 200 connected to the source terminal S and the drain terminal D which will be described as a terminal, will be described as a second N + type region 202. That is, in FIG. 1, there are two protection elements 200 connected to the FET 100, and each first N + type region 201 is connected to the metal pad GP via the metal electrode 204.
- the second N + type region 202 is connected to the drain pad DP and the source pad SP via the metal electrode 204.
- the metal electrode 204 and the first and second N + type regions 201 and 202 form a Schottky junction, and a part of the metal electrode 204 is a semi-insulating substrate 101 To form a Schottky junction with the substrate surface.
- the structure of the metal electrode 204 is merely an example, and any of the structures shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 may be used.
- this protection element 200 has a first N + type region 201 which is one terminal via a wiring 120 connected to each pad, and a gate pad GP and another terminal.
- the second N + type region 202 is connected to the source pad SP and the drain pad DP.
- the gate terminal G which is the junction of the FET, and the gate terminal G between the source terminal S and the gate terminal G- It is connected in parallel between the drain terminals D.
- the electrostatic energy applied between the gate terminal G and the source terminal S and between the gate terminal G and the drain terminal D is partially discharged by the protection element 200. It can be done. In other words, the electrostatic energy that reaches the gate Schottky junction in the FET operation region having the weakest electrostatic breakdown strength can be greatly attenuated, and the FET can be protected from electrostatic breakdown. Discharge occurs between the gate terminal G and the source terminal S, and between the gate terminal G and the drain terminal D. Either one may be used. In other words, this structure can significantly improve the electrostatic breakdown voltage of the FET as compared with the conventional structure that does not use a protection element.
- each wiring or bonding pad is used to generate electrostatic energy. Can be partially bypassed to the protection element 200 and discharged inside the protection element 200. As a result, the electrostatic energy transmitted to the operating region 108 does not exceed the electrostatic breakdown voltage between the gate electrode and the source electrode in the operating region 108 and between the gate electrode and the drain electrode. Can be attenuated.
- FIG. 5 shows an example in which bonding pad is used for the metal electrode of one terminal of the protection element.
- FIG. 5 (A) is a plan view
- FIG. 5 (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC.
- FIG. 4 shows an example in which the wiring 120 is drawn from the source pad SP and the drain pad DP, and the protection element 200 is connected to the wiring 120.
- the second N + type which forms a Schottky junction with the bottom Schottky metal layer 210 of each bonding pad, around the source node SP and the drain pad DP.
- source pad S By setting area 202, source pad S]?
- a part of the drain pad DP is used as a metal electrode 204 connected to the second N + type region 202.
- the first N + type region 201 is arranged so as to be close to the second N + type region 202, and is connected to the wiring 120 connected to the gate pad GP.
- the second N + type region 202 is directly connected to the source pad SP and the drain pad DP that are connected to the other terminals of the FET, and the protection element 200 is placed close to each pad.
- electrostatic energy can be discharged directly from the source and drain pads SP and DP to the protection element 200, so that the effect of improving the electrostatic breakdown voltage is great, and the space around the pad is effectively used. Therefore, an increase in the chip area due to the addition of the protection element 200 can be prevented.
- the first N + region 201 is directly connected to the gate pad GP, and the second N + region 202 is close to the first N + region 201.
- electrostatic energy can be discharged directly from the gate pad KGP to the protection element 200, and similarly, electrostatic breakdown The effect of improving the voltage is great, and an increase in the chip area due to the addition of the protection element 200 can be prevented.
- FIG. 6 shows a protection element 200 connected in the middle of the signal path.
- the Schottky junction of the gate electrode 105 is the most vulnerable to electrostatic rupture, and the gate electrode 105 of the operating region 108 is most likely to actually break. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 6, by connecting the protection element 200 in the middle of the signal path from the gate pad GP to the gate electrode 105 in the operation area 108, the electrostatic blasting can be performed most effectively.
- the first N + type region 201 is connected to a part of the gate wiring 112 extending from the gate pad GP force to the operation region 108.
- the second N + type region 202 is connected to the source pad SP and the drain pad DP or the wiring 120 connected to each pad.
- the second N + type region 202 is arranged close to the lN + type region 201, a portion of the second N + type region 202
- the wiring 120 extends from the source pad SP to the source pad SP.
- the gate wiring 112 is routed close to the source pad SP or the drain pad DP and connected to the operating area 108, protection can be provided in the signal path and close to the FET pad.
- the element 200 can be connected, which is more effective in protecting against electrostatic energy.
- the distance between the first and second N + -type regions 201 and 202 as terminals is longer. Since this distance is preferably, for example, 10 ⁇ m or more, a part of the pad wiring of the element to be protected may be used as the metal electrode 204 of the protection element 200. For example, if the protection element is connected along at least one side of the pad, the connection can be made effectively by utilizing the space around the pad.
- a protection element may be connected in parallel between the source terminal S and the drain terminal D.
- Fig. 7 shows the conceptual diagram.
- the connection example is an example.
- the terminal of the protection element 200 connected to the source pad SP is the second N + type region 202
- the terminal of the protection element 200 connected to the drain pad DP is the first N + region.
- the + type area is set to 201.
- the second N + type region is provided around the pad, and the source pad SP is connected to the metal electrode 2. It is used as 0 4.
- This equivalent circuit is shown in Fig. 7 (B).
- the one in which a short-circuit diode between the gate terminal G and the source terminal S and a short-circuit diode between the gate terminal G and the drain terminal D are connected in series is protected.
- this protective element is not effective, for example, when both the source electrode and the drain electrode are signal input / output ports as input / output terminals as in a switch circuit device. is there.
- GaAs MESFET is used for microwave applications in the GHz band or higher, such as satellite broadcasting, mobile phones, and wireless broadband. Therefore, in order to ensure good microwave characteristics, the gate length is also in the submicron order, and the gate Schottky junction capacitance is designed to be extremely small.
- the electrostatic discharge protection device of the present invention does not have a PN junction and has a capacitance of several tens of fF or less even when the capacitance is large, so that the microwave characteristics of the GaAs ME SFET are not degraded at all.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 are equivalent circuit diagrams showing other connection examples of the protection element.
- the protection element of the present invention can protect not only a Schottky junction but also a PN junction.
- FIG. 8 shows a silicon bipolar transistor.
- the operating region 302 is provided with, for example, an N-type collector region, a P-type base region, and an N-type emitter region on the substrate, and the collector electrode 304, the base electrode 304, and the It is the one to which the collector electrode 303 is connected.
- the collector electrode 300, the base electrode 304, and the emitter electrode 303 converge outside the operating region to become the collector terminal C, the base terminal B, and the emitter terminal E.
- this Collector pad CP, pace pad BP, and emitter pad EP are connected to collector terminal C, base terminal B, and emitter terminal E, respectively.
- E Mi Tsutano head EP connected Besupa' de BP, the collection Tano ⁇ 0 head CP force et protective element 2 0 0 wirings 1 2 0 as the metal electrode 2 0 4 is pulled out.
- one terminal of the protection element 200 can be used. May be directly connected to the pad or wiring. Further, for example, one terminal of the protection element 200 may be connected to a wiring from the base pad connected to the base terminal B to the operation region.
- the insulating region 203 of the protection element 200 is an insulating region 203b formed by impurity ion implantation.
- the junction between the base and the emitter and the junction between the base and the collector are each a PN junction, and the junction between the collector and the emitter is an NPN junction.
- the emitter-base which is a connection between the high-concentration layers, is most vulnerable to electrostatic breakdown, and the junction between the emitter and collector is the weakest.
- protective elements are connected in parallel to the base-emitter junction, the base-collector junction, and the collector-emitter junction. As a result, all the PN junctions in one element can be protected by the protection element.
- a protection element is connected in parallel to the collector-emitter junction, it means that the protection element is connected in parallel to the NPN junction.
- two protection elements 200 are connected to the emitter pad EP: a plurality of protection elements 200 may be connected to the same pad in this way.
- FIG. 8 (C) is an equivalent circuit diagram in which the protection element is connected only between the emitter and the collector of the protected element.
- the emitter-to-collector is the second most vulnerable to electrostatic blasting between the base and emitter.
- the emitter is GND and the collector is the output terminal. In such a case, it is better to connect a protective element between the emitter and the collector.
- Base is input In many cases, it becomes a terminal, in which case it is better to insert a protection element between the base and the emitter.
- protection diodes that are widely adopted to increase the electrostatic breakdown voltage have a PN junction, so that the Since the parasitic capacitance increases to a few hundred iF or more even at a minimum, the microwave characteristics of the silicon microphone and the open-wave bipolar transistor are greatly degraded and cannot be used.
- the electrostatic rupture protection element of the present invention does not have a PN junction and has a large capacitance of several tens of fF or less, the silicon microwave bipolar transistor has no microwave characteristics. It is possible to greatly improve the electrostatic breakdown voltage without deterioration.
- FIG. 9 (A) is a plan view of the capacitance built into the integrated circuit
- FIG. 9 (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 9 (A)
- FIG. 9 (C) is It is an equivalent circuit diagram.
- the first N + -type region 201 and the second N + -type region 202 sandwiching the insulating region 203 b are interposed.
- the lower electrode 404 and the upper electrode 403 form ohmic junctions with the first N + -type region 201 and the second N + -type region 202, respectively.
- the pole 403 and the lower electrode 404 are arranged via an interlayer oxide film 405 serving as a dielectric.
- an interlayer oxide film 405 serving as a dielectric.
- the potentials of the upper electrode 403 and the lower electrode 404 were separated by the insulating layer 125 provided on the substrate 401.
- a protection element 200 is connected in parallel between the upper electrode 403 and the lower electrode 404 as shown in FIG. 9 (C).
- the interlayer oxide film 405 is thin, and when an electrostatic energy is externally applied between the upper electrode 403 and the lower electrode 404, which are two terminals of the capacitance, the interlayer oxide film 405 becomes thin. Insulation is easily broken.
- the capacitance integrated in the microwave integrated circuit has a small capacitance value, and the dielectric breakdown is apt to occur. Therefore, a part of electrostatic energy applied from the outside is discharged between the protection elements 200, and the capacitance is protected from insulation rupture by reducing the electrostatic energy applied between the layers. Can be.
- FIG. 10 shows MOS FET.
- the operating region 502 includes, for example, an N-type drain region, an N-type source region, and a P-type channel region provided on a substrate, and a drain electrode 505, a source electrode 504, and a gate electrode 504. 3 is connected.
- the drain electrode 505, the source electrode 504, and the gate electrode 503 converge outside the operating region to become the drain terminal D, the source terminal S, and the gate terminal G.
- the drain pad D, the source pad SP, and the gate pad GP are connected to the drain terminal D, the source terminal S, and the gate terminal G, respectively.
- the protection element 200 is connected to the wiring 120 drawn from the force of the node SP and the gate node GP as the metal electrode 204.
- one terminal of the protection element 200 can be used. Can be connected directly to the pad or wiring.
- one terminal of the protection element 200 may be connected to a wiring from the pad connected to the gate terminal G to the operation region.
- the insulating region 203 of the protection element 200 is an insulating region 203b formed by impurity ion implantation.
- the MOSFET has a gate insulating film between the gate electrode and the operating region, G constitute the MOS capacity.
- G constitute the MOS capacity.
- the capacitance exists between the gate sources and between the gate lanes.
- the gate insulating film is provided very thin to improve the switching speed, and the gate capacitance is vulnerable to electrostatic breakdown.
- the weak gate MOS capacitor can be electrostatically charged. Can be protected from destruction.
- FIG. 10 (C) it may be connected to any one between two terminals of the protected element, for example, between a gate and a source.
- MO SFETs have been miniaturized and three-dimensionally structured in order to increase the speed of microprocessors for PCs and LSIs for memories, and by reducing parasitic capacitance and parasitic resistance significantly, Mic mouthwave characteristics, which could only be achieved with conventional GaAs devices, can now be obtained, and can be used in the GHz band of mobile phones, wireless broadband power amplifiers, and MM ICs for RF blocks.
- c has decreased to cormorants I used therefore G a a s ME SFET ⁇ , good microwave properties, gate length is also has a submit click b down order
- the MOS capacity is designed to be extremely small.
- the gate oxide film was also thinned to increase the speed, which made it extremely vulnerable to electrostatic breakdown, and required careful handling.
- a protection diode widely used to increase the electrostatic breakdown voltage has a PN junction. At the minimum, the parasitic capacitance greatly increases to several hundred fF or more, so the microwave characteristics of the microwave MOSFET have been significantly degraded and cannot be used.
- the electrostatic discharge protection element of the present invention does not have a PN junction and has a large capacitance of several tens of fF or less, so that the microwave characteristics of the microwave MOSFET are completely deteriorated. Therefore, the electrostatic breakdown voltage can be greatly improved.
- the protection element of the present invention is a protection element having a PN junction, a Schottky junction or a capacitor. Each time a connection is made between the two terminals of the element, electrostatic energy is discharged inside the protection element, thereby improving the electrostatic breakdown voltage of the protected element. That is, the present invention is not limited to the above-described example, and can be applied to all semiconductor elements having a PN junction and a Schottky junction. Further, the connection example is an example, and is defined only by the scope described in the claims.
- the minimum electrostatic breakdown voltage between any two terminals of the protected element has been 200 V or less.
- the electrostatic breakdown voltage between the two terminals which is the minimum electrostatic breakdown voltage, can be improved by 20 V or more compared to before the connection of the protection element. Can be set to 200 V or more.
- the shape and connection position of the protection element 200 will be further described. It is considered that when static electricity is applied to the protection element 200, an electrostatic current is generated. Therefore, if a large amount of the electrostatic current flows through the protection element 200, the protection effect is improved. That is, the shape and connection position of the protection element 200 may be considered so that more electrostatic current flows through the protection element 200.
- the protection element of the present embodiment has a structure in which the first high-concentration impurity region 201 and the second high-concentration impurity region are arranged to face each other, and the insulating region 203 is arranged around both regions. It is. Both regions are connected to the protected element as two terminals, and the electrostatic energy applied between the two terminals of the protected element is transferred to the first high-concentration impurity region 201 and the second high-concentration impurity region 2. Discharge between 0 and 2.
- the first high-concentration impurity region 201 has one side surface facing the second high-concentration impurity region 202 and a side surface on the opposite side.
- the second high-concentration impurity region also has one side facing the first high-concentration impurity region 201 and the other side.
- One side surface in which both regions face each other is referred to as a facing surface OS.
- the high-concentration impurity region 202 is not limited to one diffusion region. That is, the first high-concentration impurity region 2 All the high-concentration impurity regions which are arranged opposite to 0 1 and are used for discharging electrostatic energy are collectively referred to. That is, the second high-concentration impurity region 202 may be composed of one impurity diffusion region as long as it is disposed to face one first high-concentration impurity region 201, or may be divided.
- the second low-concentration impurity regions 202 may not be directly continuous with each other but may be discontinuous.
- the second high-concentration impurity region 202 connected to the same terminal of the same protected element 100 and having the same opposing first high-concentration impurity region 201 is connected to the second high-concentration impurity region. If there is a metal electrode on the impurity region 202, if the depletion layer reaches the metal electrode due to the voltage due to static electricity and keeps a sufficiently high impurity concentration that the protection element itself does not break down, the impurity concentration becomes low. There may be differences. In addition, even if there are several types of differences such as differences in impurity concentration, differences in size, and differences in shape, they are collectively referred to as a second high-concentration impurity region 202.
- the first high-concentration impurity region 201 connected to the same terminal of the same protected element 100 and having the common second high-concentration impurity region 202 opposite thereto has the same impurity concentration. Regardless of the type of difference, size, shape, etc., they are collectively referred to as the first high-concentration impurity region 201.
- the following insulating region 203 will be described by taking a part (203a) of the GaAs substrate as an example. The same can be done in 203 b).
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional model when the voltage-current characteristics of the protective element 200 are simulated by ISETCAD (13 £ manufactured by the company).
- ISETCAD 13 £ manufactured by the company.
- the first N + region 201 and the second N + region were implanted by ion implantation at a dose of 5 ⁇ 13 cm 2 and an acceleration voltage of 90 KeV and annealing.
- An N + region 202 is formed, and a protection element 200 is formed. That is, in this structure, the entire periphery of the region between the first N + -type region 201 and the second N + -type region 202 becomes the insulating region 203.
- the first N + region 201 has a width ⁇ ⁇ of about 5 ⁇ or less in a direction away from the opposing surface OS of both regions as shown in FIG. And ⁇ ⁇ is narrow The narrower the better, the better, but a limit of 0.1 lm or more is required as a limit to function as a protection element.
- the second N + -type region 202 is arranged approximately 4 ⁇ m apart from and approximately parallel to the second N + -type region. In other words, the pattern may be such that the distance from the second N + -type region 202 changes. The reason for setting a 1 to 5 ⁇ or less will be described later.
- a metal electrode 204 is connected to the first N + type region 201 and the second ⁇ + region 202.
- the method shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be considered.
- the second ⁇ + type region 202 is, for example, a diffusion region provided below the pad, and here, the width a; 2 is 51 i in.
- a metal electrode 204 was provided inside by 1 ⁇ m.
- the depth of the depth (for example, the gate width in the case of FET) is 1 ⁇ m.
- the first N + region 201 is plus, the second N + region 202 is minus, and assuming that an electrostatic voltage of 700 V is applied at 220 pF and 0 ⁇ , 1 A simulation was performed in which a current of A was applied.
- Figures 13, 14 and 15 show the distributions of electron current density, hole current density and recombination density by simulation, respectively. Both units are cm one 3.
- FIG. 13 the cross-sectional model shown in FIG. 12 is superimposed and arranged on the upper part. The same applies to FIGS. 14 and 15.
- the p 1 region is the region having the highest density among the regions extending over both the first N + type region 201 and the second N + type region 202.
- the current obtained by adding the electron current and the hole current is the total current, but the electron current is much larger than the hole current.
- the current path of the protection element 200 is defined as the area around the N + type region 2 or from the substrate surface to the vicinity of the q 1 region where the electron current density is about 10% of pi. The reason for setting it near the ql region is that in regions where the current density is lower than in the q1 region, This is because it is not considered to have any effect.
- the q1 region outside the first N + region 201 is farthest from the first N + region 201, and is about 20 m along the X axis.
- the X coordinate of the outer end of the first N + region 201 is ⁇ as shown in FIG. 12, and the first N + region is up to 15 ⁇ m outside the first N + region 201.
- the hole current in FIG. 14 has a wraparound outside the first N + region 201.
- the hole current density in the q2 region near the X coordinate 20 ⁇ is the highest in both the lN + region 201 and the 2N + region 202.
- the hole current density is about 2% of the p 2 region of the hole current density.
- the recombination in FIG. 15 also has a wraparound outside the first N + region 201.
- the recombination density in the q3 region near the X coordinate 20 ⁇ is the highest in both the first N + region 201 and the second N + region 202. It is about 10% of P3 region with high recombination density.
- FIG. 16 shows a current path formed in the insulating region 203 around the first N + type region 201 and the second N + type region 202 based on the above distribution diagram. It is a schematic diagram.
- Fig. 16 (A) shows a schematic diagram of the case where ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 have the same width and are as wide as around 51 (hereinafter referred to as a structure).
- FIG. 16 (B) shows a width ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ 2) of the first N + type region 201 which is sufficiently narrower than the second N + type region 202 shown in FIG. This is referred to as “b structure below”.
- a current path (from the p 1 region to the vicinity of the q 1 region) is formed between the surfaces and near the bottom as shown by the arrows.
- the surface is formed at a predetermined depth from the substrate surface, between the opposing surfaces OS of the first N + region 201 and the second N + region 202, and between the two surfaces.
- the path of the electron current and the hole current formed in the insulating region 203 near the bottom surface is referred to as a first current path I 1. That is, the current path of the protection element having the a-structure is only the first current path I 1.
- the electron current and the hole current are reduced by the first current path I formed between the opposing surfaces OS and near the bottom surface.
- a path is formed in a region deeper than the first current and the path I 1. This path goes around the first N + region 201 and the electron current and hole current move using the side wall outside the first N + type region, which is opposite to the opposing surface OS.
- the q1 region is formed below.
- the first current path I 1 is formed in a region deeper than the first current path I 1, and the second N + type region 202 is opposite to the opposing surface OS of the first N + type region 201.
- the path of the electron current and the hole current formed in the insulating region reaching the side surface of the substrate is referred to as a second current path I 2.
- the second current path 12 has a sufficiently large width of 50 ⁇ in the second N + region 202, so that the vicinity of the second ⁇ + region 202 is large.
- a current path is formed horizontally on the wide bottom surface.
- the current path of the protection element is only the first current path II, but the protection element 200 of the b-structure has the thin first N +
- a second current path I2 is formed by the region 201, and two current paths of a first current path I1 and a second current path I2 are formed.
- the second current path I 2 has a current flowing in and out from the outer side surface of the lN + region 201. I have.
- the second current path I 2 passes through a region deeper than the first and second N + -type regions and detours (detours) as compared with the first current path I 1 to form the first N + -type region.
- detours detours
- the provision of the second current path 12 improves the conductivity modulation efficiency as compared with the case of only the first current path I1, and allows more current to flow. It is possible to do
- the increase in the value of the current flowing between the first and second N + -type regions means that more static current can flow when static electricity is applied, and the effect as a protection element increases. I do.
- traps make the insulating region an insulating region.
- the donor trap originally has a positive charge, becomes neutral when it captures an electron, and can become a medium for conductivity modulation.
- EL 2 is a donor trap. It is.
- traps also exist in the insulating region (203b) formed by impurity implantation.
- FIG. 17 shows a device having the structure shown in FIG. 12 in which the first N + type region 201 is made into a brush and the first N + type region 201 is connected to the second N + type region 202.
- the results of simulating the voltage-current characteristics at a depth of 1 ⁇ m when increasing the voltage applied to the device are shown.
- the breakdown voltage is 20 to 3 OV.
- the protection element 200 breaks down at 20 to 30 V, and when a voltage higher than that is applied, the protection element 200 becomes a bipolar operation and conductivity modulation occurs. Since the protection element is used by breaking down when an electrostatic voltage of several hundred volts is applied, the operation state of the protection element 200 has conductivity modulation from the initial state. If this conductivity modulation is performed more, the avalanche multiplication after the breakdown becomes more intense, and more current flows because the generation and recombination of electrons and holes is actively performed.
- the conductivity modulation efficiency in the outward direction can be improved.
- the width of the first N + -type region 201 was narrowed to 5 ⁇ or less to provide the second current path I 2
- the first N + -type region 20 1 was also provided in the first current path I 1. Electrons around 1 are crowded and repel each other, and the main carrier, the electron, passes through a deeper path than the a structure, so the first current path I 1 itself also increases accordingly. However, it receives more conductivity modulation than before.
- the ratio of the current value of the second current path I2 to the total current value of the b-structure was determined. This assumes that the first N + type region 201 is positive and that a current of 1 A is applied at a depth of 1 ⁇ , assuming that approximately 700 V static electricity is applied at 220 pF and 0 ⁇ . 7 is a graph showing the X-coordinate dependence of the electron current density at a depth of 2 ⁇ from the surface when a flowing simulation is performed.
- the electron current density corresponding to the area immediately below the first N + type region 201 is integrated with the width of the first ⁇ + type region 201 in the X direction.
- the value is defined as the first current path I 1 minute, and the value obtained by integrating the electron current density corresponding to the portion outside the first ⁇ + type region 201 with the width in the X direction of the outside portion is defined as the second current. Path I 2 minutes. The ratio of the current value of the second current path I 2 was calculated.
- the ratio of the second current path I 2 to the total current value is 0.48 (2.89 / (3.08 + 2.89)), which is equivalent to that of the first current path II. It can be seen that it is a current value.
- the first current path I 1 itself in the case of the b-structure has a larger current value than the first current path I 1 of the a-structure.
- the second current path I 2 is equivalent to its own first current path II, so that A much larger current will flow than in the a structure.
- the first current path I 1 and the second current path I 2 are combined so that the current path is significantly larger than in the a-structure, so that the temperature in the crystal is The lower, the higher the mobility of electrons and holes, and the more current can flow.
- Fig. 19 shows a table comparing the spread of electron current, hole current, and recombination density. This is a result of simulating the case of the a-structure and the case of the b-structure, and comparing the obtained density distribution values similar to those in Figs. 13 to 15 under certain conditions. is there.
- multiplication In the multiplication by multiplying the value of y- 2 value and X- 0 value, the graphics area that can bother by connecting Trace POI down bets 1 0 5 cm- 3 in each density artificially This is a value for comparison.
- multiplication is an index that represents the spread of electrons, holes, and recombination, respectively.
- b Structure 1 1 has a width ⁇ 1 of the first N + region 201 of 3 ⁇ , a width ⁇ 2 of the second ⁇ + region 202 of 5 1 ⁇ um, and a second ⁇ + region 202 of Positive, minus 1st N + area This is the calculation result obtained by flowing 0.174 with a depth of 1 ⁇ .
- the polarity applied to the b-structure 1 is reversed, and the width a 1 of the first N + region 201 is 3 ⁇ , and the width ⁇ 2 of the second N + region 202 is 5 1
- FIG. 19 (B) shows the calculation result of the b-structure in the case of applying 1 A to the first N + region 201 as a b-structure 13 when plus is applied. All of the three calculations in Fig. 19 (A) were unified and compared to a current of 0.174 A in terms of computational power, but the actual static current was the static voltage of 700 V and 22 V. In the case of 0 pF and 0 ⁇ , it is about 1 A at a depth of 1 ⁇ m. 1A was calculated only when a plus was added to the first N + region 201 by simulation, and the result is shown.
- FIG. 19 (C) a high electrostatic voltage is applied by the protection element 200, which is shown in FIG. 13 and its schematic diagram, FIG. 16 (B).
- the insulating region 203 is sufficiently wide, the ql region shown in Fig. 13 (the region with a current density of about 10% of the highest density region) will be smaller. Then, it spreads downward and outward on the opposite side to the opposing surface OS, that is, the second current path Road I2 becomes wider.
- the second current path I 2 becomes wider, the conductivity modulation efficiency can be further increased, and the current passing therethrough increases and the area spreads downward, so that the second current path I 2 Spreads. This lowers the crystal temperature of the substrate, so that the carrier mobility can be further increased, and more current can flow to further improve the protection effect.
- the current also flows deeper as the voltage of the static electricity increases, so that the conductivity modulation effect is automatically adjusted similarly to the second current path I 2. Can be.
- the element to be protected from static electricity of 250 V at 220 ⁇ and 0 ⁇ can be obtained.
- the structure is designed to protect the building from blasting. Moreover, since it has almost no parasitic capacitance, it does not degrade the high frequency characteristics of the protected device. In other words, by connecting this protection element with a parasitic capacitance of 20 fF to an element originally having an electrostatic breakdown voltage of about 100 V, the electrostatic breakdown voltage can be improved by 20 times or more. .
- FIG. 20 shows the electron current density in the b-structure 12 of FIG. 19 calculated by changing the width ⁇ 1 of the first N + region 201.
- the width ⁇ 1 of the first N + region 201 is set to be equal to or less than 1, the ratio of the second current path I 2 sharply increases. In other words, the current spreads in the horizontal and depth directions, so that the conductivity modulation efficiency increases, the temperature decreases, and the carrier mobility increases. The protection effect is greatly increased.
- the fact that the 12 ratio of 1 N + region width 3 ⁇ points is only 0.3 is 0.17 in Fig. 20 and 1 in Fig. 18
- the ratio of the second current path I 2 increases as the current increases, up to a certain current value. Note that the comparison was made at 0.174 A due to the limited computational power when simulating a large device, but this current value is sufficient for a relative comparison.
- the width of the insulating region 203 to be secured outside the first N + type region 201 will be described.
- the second current path I 2 extends to the insulating region 203 opposite to the opposite surface OS of the first ⁇ + type region 201, the second current path I 2 It is advisable to secure an insulating region 203 of sufficient width
- securing the insulating region 203 sufficiently secures a region that can serve as the second current path 12 and has a high protection effect. That is, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 21 (A), a predetermined insulating region width is secured on the side opposite to the facing surface OS.
- Figure 21 ( ⁇ ) shows the results of actually examining the electrostatic breakdown voltage by varying the value of; 3.
- the measured protected element 100 is an element in which a 100 ⁇ resistor is connected in series to the gate of a GaAs ME SFET with a gate length of 0.5 ⁇ and a gate width of 600 im. .
- the electrostatic breakdown voltage between the source or drain electrode and the resistance end is about 100 V.
- both ends of the first N + type region 201 and the second N + type region 202 of the protection element 200 having the b structure are connected in parallel, and the value of ⁇ is changed to change the electrostatic breakdown voltage.
- the capacitance between the first N + type region 201 and the second ⁇ + type region 202 is 20 fF. ,
- the second current path I 2 can be formed. It can be made wider and the conductivity modulation efficiency can be further increased.
- the electrostatic breakdown voltage could be increased only up to about 2 to 3 times when the protection element was connected, but in the structure b, when ⁇ was 15 m, the electrostatic breakdown voltage was 7 When 0 V and ⁇ are extended to 25 ⁇ m, the voltage becomes 250 V, and it has been confirmed that the electrostatic breakdown voltage increases to 25 times. That is, in the b-structure, if a predetermined j3 is secured, a current of at least about 10 times as large as that of the conventional protection element can flow.
- the current flowing in the first current path I 1 and the current flowing in I 2 in the second current path are almost equal, and the current flowing in the conventional protection element is at least 10 times as large.
- the fact that the current can be passed means that the current flowing through each of the first current path I 1 and the second current path I 2 is at least five times that of the conventional current path.
- [3 is desirably ⁇ ⁇ or more. This is because, when the protection element 200 is integrated on the chip, the width is outside the first ⁇ + type region 201. This means securing the insulating region 203 of ⁇ and arranging other components, wiring, and the like.
- FIG. 22 ( ⁇ ) is a cross-sectional view, which secures an insulating region 203 having a predetermined depth ⁇ below the first N + type region 201 and the second ⁇ + type region 202. .
- the integration (hatched portion) up to the depth ( ⁇ ) of 19 ⁇ is up to 50 ⁇ 90% of the integral of. That is, the depth ⁇ of the insulating region 203 is preferably 20 m or more.
- the size (] 3 and ⁇ ) of the insulating region 203 to be secured around the protection element 200 and the width (oi l) of the first N + type region 201 have been described.
- the first ⁇ + type region 201 is bent in a direction away from the opposing surface OS to provide an extending portion 300, and the opposing surface OS is extended.
- a predetermined insulating region ⁇ is secured in the existing direction, and an insulating region 2 between the extension portion 300 and the second ⁇ + type region is secured.
- a third current path I 3, which is a path for electron current and hole current with high conductivity modulation efficiency, may be formed at 0 3.
- the third current path I 3 extends in a direction extending the opposing surface OS (a direction away from a surface orthogonal to the opposing surface OS), that is, the extending portion 300 and the second N + type region 202 A larger current path can be secured outward.
- the drawing shows a plan view
- the third current path I 3 is also formed in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface (the depth direction of the device), so that the current in the depth direction also increases.
- a first current path I 1 and a second current path I 2 are formed in the depth direction (perpendicular to the paper surface) of the opposing surface OS, and the current paths of the protection elements are the first and second current paths. 2.
- Fig. 23 (B) shows the comparison between ⁇ and the electrostatic breakdown voltage by actually measured values.
- the connection method of the protected element 100 and the protected element 200 is the same as that shown in Fig. 21 when the value of j3 is varied and the electrostatic breakdown voltage is measured.
- Reference numeral 13 indicates that the insulating region between the extending portion 300 and the second N + -type region extends 25 ⁇ m or more.
- the conductivity modulation effect can be automatically adjusted by the applied electrostatic voltage. As a result, the temperature of the insulating region is reduced, and the mobility of the carrier can be further increased, so that more current flows and the protection effect is improved.
- the width V is preferably at least 10 ⁇ , and more preferably at least 2 O wm.
- ⁇ is secured outside the extending portion 300 (the right side in the figure), but is symmetrical about the extending portion 30 (the left side in the figure). ) Is secured, that is, if ⁇ is secured on both side surfaces of the extension portion 300, the effect is improved more than f.
- Fig. 24 is a schematic diagram of the current path when both the 1st + type region 201 and the 2nd + type region 202 are 5 ⁇ m or less (hereinafter referred to as c-structure). Show.
- the c-structure is a structure in which the width ⁇ 2 of the second N + -type region 202 in the b-structure is narrowed to be equal to the first ⁇ + -type region ⁇ 1, and is separated from each other by about 4 ⁇ m. They are arranged to face each other and an insulating region 203 is arranged around them. Also in the c structure, the first current path I1 and the second current path I2 are formed.
- the first current path I 1 is formed in the insulating region 203 between the opposing surfaces OS of the first and second N + -type regions and near the bottom surface of both regions from the substrate surface, and the electron current and the hole current become a route.
- the second current path I 2 is formed so as to bypass a region sufficiently deeper than the first and second N + -type regions and reach a side surface opposite to the opposing surface O S of both regions. That is, both the first N + type region 201 and the second N + type region 202 can use the outer side surface opposite to the opposing surface OS as a current path, and can use the first current path I 1
- a second current path I2 is formed in a deep region.
- the l N + type region 201 is separated from the facing surface OS as shown in FIG.
- An extension part 300a bent in the direction is provided, and an electron current and a hole current path causing conductivity modulation are provided between the extension part 300a and the insulating region of the second N + type region 202.
- a third current path I3 may be formed.
- the second N + -type region 202 has an extending portion 300 b bent in a direction away from the opposing surface OS, and the extending portion 300 b and the first N + -type region
- a third current path I3 serving as a path for an electron current and a hole current that cause conductivity modulation may be formed in the 201 insulating region.
- Either one of the extending portions 300a and 300b may be provided, or both may be provided in both regions.
- the current path I3 is formed as shown in FIG. 25, so that the current value increases and the protection effect is maximized.
- ⁇ , ⁇ are preferably the values described above, but even if the value is smaller than that, a larger current path can be secured as compared with the structure a. It is better to
- the insulating region 203 surrounding the first N + type region 201 forming the protection element 200 (and the second N + type region 202 in the case of the c structure) includes the second Enough space (J3, y) should be secured so as not to obstruct the current path 12 or the third current path I3, and the protected element 100 to which the protective element 200 is connected and other components.
- the elements, wirings, and the like are preferably arranged outside the first N + -type region 201 at a distance of about 10 ⁇ m or more outside.
- the distance to the chip end should be 10 0 It is recommended to secure about ⁇ m or more.
- FIG. 26 shows an example in which the protected device 100 and the protection device 200 are integrated on a chip.
- FIG. 26 is an example of a GaAs MESFET chip pattern.
- the FET is arranged on the GaAs substrate 203, and the resistor R is connected to the gate electrode 106 of the FET.
- a gate electrode pad GP is provided around the FET at the other end of the source electrode pad SP, the drain electrode pad DP, and the resistor R, respectively.
- a pad N + region 350 is arranged below and around each pad as an isolation measure so that high-frequency signals do not leak from each pad.
- the bottom gate metal layer 320 of each pad forms a Schottky junction with the GaAs semi-insulating substrate, and its pad N + region 350 and each pad are A Schottky junction is formed.
- FIG. 26 (A) shows that the resistor R is arranged close to the drain electrode pad DP, so that the N + type region forming the resistor R and the pad N + type region adjacent thereto are arranged.
- the separation distance of 350 is 4 m, and an insulating region 203 is disposed around the periphery to form a protection element 200.
- Part of the resistance I is the first N + type region 201, and part of the pad N + type region 350 below and around the drain electrode pad DP is the second N + type region. It is 2 2. That is, the protection element 200 is connected in parallel between the gate and drain terminals of the FET. In this pattern, the width of the resistor R is ⁇ 1 and is 5 ⁇ or less.
- the width of the insulating region 203 outside the resistor R, which becomes the first ⁇ + type region 201, is secured to be 10 m or more, and other components are arranged.
- the end of] 3 is the chip end, and the distance from the resistor R to the chip end] 3 must be 10 or more.
- FIG. 26 (B) by disposing the resistor R close to the drain electrode pad DP, the pad N + type close to the N + type region forming the resistor R is also shown.
- the separation distance of the region 350 is 4 ⁇ m, and the protection element 200 is placed across the semi-insulating substrate 101.
- part of the resistor R is the first N + type region 201, and part of the pad N + type region 350 below and around the drain electrode pad DP is the second N + type region.
- the type area is 202. That is, the protection element 200 is connected in parallel between the gate and drain terminals of the FET.
- the width of the resistor R is ⁇ 1 and is 5 ⁇ or less. Also, the width of the insulating region 203 outside the resistor R, which becomes the first ⁇ + type region 201, is secured to be 10:11 or more, and other components are arranged. However, in FIG. 26 ( ⁇ ), the distance is slightly shorter than in FIG. 26 ( ⁇ ), and the width over which 10 ⁇ m or more can be secured is narrow. As a result, the current flowing through the current path 12 becomes smaller as compared with FIG. 26 (A). So As a countermeasure against this, a part of the resistor R is bent to provide an extension part 300, and an area for the current path I 3 to flow under the drain pad and between the surrounding N + area 350 is secured. did.
- the insulation area between the resistor extension section 300 and the chip end and the insulation area under the drain pad and between the N + area 350 and the chip end are areas where the current path I 3 can flow. There is.
- This width ⁇ is secured at least 10 m to form the protection element 200. That is, in FIG. 26 (B), the current flowing in the current path I2 is smaller than that in FIG. 26 (A), so that the current path I3 which did not exist in FIG. This sufficiently protects the Schottky junction between the gate and drain of the GaAs MESFET.
- the protective element 200 of the present embodiment has a width of at least one of the first N + -type region 201 and the second N + -type high concentration region of 5 ⁇ or less. Sufficient insulation area (] 3, y) should be secured in the surrounding area and placed between the two terminals to be protected.
- the insulating region 203 is GaAs
- the insulating region 203 may be a region (203b) in which impurities are injected and diffused into the substrate to make it insulating. In that case, it can be similarly carried out on a silicon substrate. The invention's effect
- the protection element is composed of a high-concentration region, an insulating region, and a high-concentration region, and has no PN junction, so that no parasitic capacitance occurs in the protection element itself. Same substrate as protected element Thus, the protection element can be formed, and the electrostatic damage of the protected element can be prevented with almost no increase in the parasitic capacitance and without deteriorating the high frequency characteristics.
- the electrostatic breakdown voltage between the two terminals which is the minimum electrostatic breakdown voltage, can be improved by 20 V or more, and can be increased to 20 OV or more.
- the protection element has a vertical surface, unlike a protection diode in which the electrostatic energy is discharged, which is a horizontal surface, so that it can be integrated with almost no increase in chip area. You can do it.
- the protection element 200 has a width of at least one of the first N + -type region 201 and the second N + -type region, which is a terminal of the protection element, of 5%.
- a second current path I 2 is formed in the insulating region 203, and all of the electron current, the hole current, and the recombination are distributed over a wide range. The conductivity modulation efficiency increases.
- the width of the high-concentration region, which is one terminal of the protection element is set to 5 m or less, the first current path I 1 also becomes deeper as the voltage of static electricity increases. Flows, and the conductivity modulation effect can be automatically adjusted similarly to the second current path I2.
- the electrostatic breakdown voltage can be improved by 20 times or more.
- the width of the insulating region 203 outside the first N + type region 201 is secured at least 10 m, the conduction of the second current path I 2 will be made wider.
- the modulation efficiency can be further increased. More specifically, if is secured at 25 ⁇ m, at least about 10 times the current can be passed as compared to the protection element with the a structure.
- the first ⁇ + type region 201 should be separated from the opposing surface OS.
- the extension portion 300 is bent in the direction, and an insulation region 203 having a width ( ⁇ ) of 10 m or more is secured between the extension portion 300 and another component.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 2 (A) is a cross-sectional view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 2 (B) is a sectional view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 2 (C) is a cross-sectional view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 2 (D) is a cross-sectional view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 3 (A) is a cross-sectional view for explaining the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 3 (B) is a cross-sectional view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 4 (A) is a plan view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 4 (B) is a sectional view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 4 (A) is a plan view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 4 (B) is a sectional view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 4 (A) is a plan view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 4 (C) is an equivalent circuit diagram for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 5 (A) is a diagram for explaining the present invention.
- 5 (B) is a cross-sectional view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a plan view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 7 (A) is a plan view for explaining the present invention. Ping to explain Ming
- FIG. 7 (B) is an equivalent view for explaining the present invention.
- 8 (A) is a plan view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 8 (B) is an equivalent circuit diagram for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 8 (C) is a circuit diagram.
- 9 is an equivalent circuit diagram for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 9 (A) is a plan view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 9 (A) is a plan view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 9 (A) is a plan view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 9 (A) is a plan view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 9 (A) is
- FIG. 9 (B) is a sectional view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. FIG. (C) is an equivalent circuit diagram for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 1-0 (A) is a plan view for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 10 (B) is a diagram showing the present invention
- FIG. 10 (C) is an equivalent circuit diagram for explaining the present invention
- FIG. 11 (A) is an equivalent circuit diagram for explaining a conventional example
- FIG. 11 (B) is an equivalent circuit diagram for explaining a conventional example
- FIG. 11 (C) is an equivalent circuit diagram for explaining a conventional example
- FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.
- Disruption of the simulation FIG. 13 is a plane model diagram
- FIG. 13 is an electron current density distribution diagram of the present invention
- FIG. 13 is a plane model diagram
- FIG. 13 is an electron current density distribution diagram of the present invention
- FIG. 13 is a plane model diagram
- FIG. 13 is an electron current density distribution diagram of the present invention
- FIG. 13
- FIG. 14 is a hole current density distribution diagram of the present invention
- FIG. 15 is a recombination density of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 (A) is a schematic diagram of the current path of the a-structure
- FIG. 16 (B) is a schematic diagram of the current path of the b-structure
- FIG. FIG. 18 is a simulation result of the present invention
- FIG. 19 (A) is a simulation result of the present invention
- FIG. B) shows the simulation results of the present invention
- FIG. 19 (C) is a schematic diagram of the current path of the b structure
- FIG. 20 is the simulation results of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 (A) is a simulation result of the present invention
- FIG. 21 (B) is a schematic plan view of the present invention
- FIG. 22 (A) is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
- FIG. FIG. 22 (B) is a simulation result of the present invention
- FIG. 23 (A) is a schematic plan view of the present invention
- FIG. 23 (B) is a simulation result of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the current path of the c-structure
- FIG. 24 is a schematic plan view of the present invention
- FIG. 26 (A) is the present invention.
- FIG. 26 (B) is a plan view for explaining the present invention.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Junction Field-Effect Transistors (AREA)
- Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Metal-Oxide And Bipolar Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Bipolar Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03794280A EP1538673A4 (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2003-09-08 | PROTECTION DEVICE |
JP2004534188A JP4804754B2 (ja) | 2002-09-09 | 2003-09-08 | 保護素子 |
AU2003264389A AU2003264389A1 (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2003-09-08 | Protective device |
US10/505,438 US20050121730A1 (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2003-09-08 | Protective device |
KR1020047005509A KR100685359B1 (ko) | 2002-09-09 | 2003-09-08 | 보호 소자 |
TW092126054A TWI228316B (en) | 2002-10-17 | 2003-09-22 | Switch circuit device |
KR1020030070730A KR100676357B1 (ko) | 2002-10-17 | 2003-10-10 | 스위치 회로 장치 |
US10/686,788 US6914280B2 (en) | 2002-10-17 | 2003-10-17 | Switching circuit device |
DE60314962T DE60314962T2 (de) | 2002-10-17 | 2003-10-17 | Halbleiterschaltkreis |
EP03023672A EP1416537B1 (en) | 2002-10-17 | 2003-10-17 | Switching circuit device |
US13/475,375 US8742506B2 (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2012-05-18 | Protecting element having first and second high concentration impurity regions separated by insulating region |
US14/253,395 US9735142B2 (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2014-04-15 | Method of forming a protecting element comprising a first high concentration impurity region separated by an insulating region of a substrate |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002262844 | 2002-09-09 | ||
JP2002-262844 | 2002-09-09 |
Related Child Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/505,438 A-371-Of-International US20050121730A1 (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2003-09-08 | Protective device |
US10505438 A-371-Of-International | 2003-09-08 | ||
US13/475,375 Continuation US8742506B2 (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2012-05-18 | Protecting element having first and second high concentration impurity regions separated by insulating region |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004023555A1 true WO2004023555A1 (ja) | 2004-03-18 |
Family
ID=31973170
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/011419 WO2004023555A1 (ja) | 2002-09-09 | 2003-09-08 | 保護素子 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20050121730A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1538673A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4804754B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100685359B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1324708C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003264389A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI231047B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004023555A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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JP2007048899A (ja) * | 2005-08-09 | 2007-02-22 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | スイッチ回路装置 |
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WO2004023555A1 (ja) | 2002-09-09 | 2004-03-18 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | 保護素子 |
JP4535668B2 (ja) * | 2002-09-09 | 2010-09-01 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
JP2004260139A (ja) * | 2003-02-06 | 2004-09-16 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 半導体装置 |
JP4939750B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-22 | 2012-05-30 | オンセミコンダクター・トレーディング・リミテッド | 化合物半導体スイッチ回路装置 |
JP4939749B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-22 | 2012-05-30 | オンセミコンダクター・トレーディング・リミテッド | 化合物半導体スイッチ回路装置 |
US9917080B2 (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2018-03-13 | Qorvo US. Inc. | Semiconductor device with electrical overstress (EOS) protection |
US10062684B2 (en) | 2015-02-04 | 2018-08-28 | Qorvo Us, Inc. | Transition frequency multiplier semiconductor device |
US10615158B2 (en) | 2015-02-04 | 2020-04-07 | Qorvo Us, Inc. | Transition frequency multiplier semiconductor device |
CN109063289B (zh) * | 2018-07-19 | 2022-12-30 | 北京顿思集成电路设计有限责任公司 | 半导体器件的评估方法 |
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2003
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- 2003-09-08 US US10/505,438 patent/US20050121730A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-08 CN CNB038013401A patent/CN1324708C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-08 KR KR1020047005509A patent/KR100685359B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2003-09-08 EP EP03794280A patent/EP1538673A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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See also references of EP1538673A4 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007048899A (ja) * | 2005-08-09 | 2007-02-22 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | スイッチ回路装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR100685359B1 (ko) | 2007-02-22 |
CN1324708C (zh) | 2007-07-04 |
KR20050008639A (ko) | 2005-01-21 |
CN1572026A (zh) | 2005-01-26 |
JPWO2004023555A1 (ja) | 2006-01-05 |
US20140225227A1 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
EP1538673A1 (en) | 2005-06-08 |
TW200406928A (en) | 2004-05-01 |
EP1538673A4 (en) | 2009-07-15 |
US8742506B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 |
AU2003264389A1 (en) | 2004-03-29 |
JP4804754B2 (ja) | 2011-11-02 |
US9735142B2 (en) | 2017-08-15 |
TWI231047B (en) | 2005-04-11 |
US20050121730A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
US20120228738A1 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
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