TW388134B - Separator for gel electrolyte battery - Google Patents
Separator for gel electrolyte battery Download PDFInfo
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- TW388134B TW388134B TW087119915A TW87119915A TW388134B TW 388134 B TW388134 B TW 388134B TW 087119915 A TW087119915 A TW 087119915A TW 87119915 A TW87119915 A TW 87119915A TW 388134 B TW388134 B TW 388134B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/417—Polyolefins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/426—Fluorocarbon polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0085—Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Description
五、發明說明(1) 發明之領域 本發明係關於供凝膠電解質電池用之分離物。 發明之背景 重量輕可充電之電池用於許多電力裝置,例如f蜂巢式 電話、呼叫器、電腦、與電動工具,。一種受歡迎之可充電 電池為鋰離子電池。今日商業可得之鋰離子電池使用液態 電解質。.此電解質以有機為主。結果,鋰離子電池必須密 封於堅固之"罐"中以防止電解質之滲漏。希望排除堅固罐 及朝撓性、重量輕、不漏包裝改變,例如,,金屬化塑膠或 箔袋。 一種建議排除罐之方法為固態電解質之使用。參見美國 專利 5, 296, 318 ; 5, 437, 692 ;5, 460, 904 ;5, 639, 573,; 5, 681,35 7 ;與5, 6 88, 2 9 3。、固態電解質包括兩型,固態電解 質與凝膠電解質♦此二型中,凝膠電解質因為其較大之導 電性而較佳。然而,凝膠電解質有缺點,因為其無法容易 地提供分離正與負極所需之結構整體性,例如,在製造 時,及提供安全地處理電極之關機能力,例如,在過度充 電條件時。 在美國專利 5, 639, 573 ;5, 681 ,357 ;與 5, 688, 293 中,, 其提議使用組合吸收或凝膠形成聚合物之微孔薄膜(或内 層)作為分離物系統/在電極注射至分離物系統中之後., 凝膠形成聚合物硬化而形成圍繞微孔薄膜之膠化電解質, 而藉微孔薄膜之包括增強凝膠電解質之結構整體性。 在以上電池之製造中,吸收或凝膠形成層與内層之脫簦
五、發明說明(2) 或分離之發生為有害的。因此’需要新穎之分離物,其改 良微孔薄膜對凝谬形成聚合物之黏附及因而在製造時減少 此二組件之脫離或分離。 發明之概要 。 本發明為電池分離物,特別是用於凝膠電解質電池,其 包括微孔聚合物薄膜;及其上具有〈〇 3毫克/平方公分' 之表面密度之黏附塗層,或其上具有凝膠形成塗層,此凝 膠形成塗層包括凝膠形成聚合物與塑性劑。 圖示之說明 為了描述本發明之目的,•在圖式中顯示目前較佳之形 式,然而,應了解本發明不限於所示之精確配置及機構 圖1為電池之橫切面略示描述β · 圖2-4為塗層特徵之圖形描述。 發明之詳細說明 ‘參考圖式’其中類似之號碼表示類似之元件,在圖]中 顯示電池10。電池10包含正極20,負極3〇,及其間之電解 質/分離物系統40。電解質/分離物系統4〇包含微孔薄膜 4 2,凝膠電解質4 4 及其間之黏附塗層。 通吊*’具有負與正極之電池1〇為已知的及可參考D. Linden(編者)之電池手冊,第2版,McGraw_Hiu公司., 紐約i紐約州:( 1 995 ),美國專利5, 29 6, 3 1 8 5,437’6 92 ;5,4 60,904 ;·5,639,573 ;5,681,357.;與 5,688,293 及日本專利申請案59_1〇6556〇984年5月28曰 提出)’·與6卜265840(1986年11月8日提出),其在此併入
1ΒΙ
第5頁 五、發明說明(3)
作為參考。,較佳A 凝踢電解質之崎子^為㈣子電m最佳為具有 參考電解質/分離物系/ 電解質凝膠44之間句扭私、’…、優點為在微孔薄膜42與 或凝膠形成聚合物與電二凝疼形成聚合、(及/ 微孔薄膜42之表面上 (及/或凝㈣Ϊ聚層46在凝移形成聚合物 h…主Γ物與電解質之組合)之塗佈前塗佈於 ’‘以利於其間之結合 “微孔薄扣任何微孔薄膜·。薄臈42可由聚烯烴製造‘。 =不之聚’ k包括但不限於聚乙稀(pE),、聚丙 聚甲基戊稀(PMP) »薄膜42可藉乾燥拉伸法(亦已知為· ” celga^rd法)或溶劑法(亦已知為凝膠擠製或相分離法)製 造。薄膜42可具有以下之特徵:/不超過3〇〇秒/丨〇〇 cc(較佳 為200秒/lOOcc,最佳為15〇秒/1〇〇cc)之空氣滲透力,;範 圍為5至500//(較佳為1〇至1〇〇# ,最佳為1〇至5〇“)之厚 度;範圍為0.01至1〇#(較佳為005至5//,最佳為〇〇5至 0. 5 μ)之孔徑;及範圍為35至85%(較佳為4〇至8〇%)之多孔 性。薄膜42較佳為關機分離物,例如,參見美國專利 4,650,730 ; 4,731,304 ; 5,281,491 :5,240,655 ; 5,565,28 1 ;5,6 67, 9 1 1 ;申請案序號 0 8/ 83 9,6 6 4 ( 1 997 年 4 月1 5曰提出);曰本專利2 64 2 2 0 6與曰本專利申請案 98395/1994(1994 年5 月12 日提出);.7/56320(1995 年3月 15
日提出);·及英國專利申請案9604055.5(1996年2月27日) ,其在此併入作為參考,。薄膜42商業得自.:CELGARD UC
第6頁 五、發明說明(4) ,北卡州Charlotte,,美國;朝曰化學工業有限公司.,東 京曰本;Tonen公司,.東京,曰本;Ube工業公司東 京,日本;及Nitto Denko株式會社、大阪L日本。 凝膠電解質44指凝膠形成聚合物與電解質之混合,物〜在 電池製造時·,無電解質之凝膠形成聚合物可塗佈於微孔薄 膜42,或凝膠形成聚合物與電解質之混合物可塗佈於薄膜 42。·凝膠形成聚合物之實例包括但不限於聚氟亞乙烯、 (PVDF) '聚胺曱酸乙酯;·聚環氧乙烷;聚丙烯腈;聚丙烯 酸甲醋;·聚丙烯醯胺;聚乙酸乙烯酷;·聚乙烯基吡咯啶 :丨=二Ϊ二丙稀酸龍;.以上任何之共聚物.,及其組 合。‘電解質可為適合電池使用之任何電解質。 ,且 黏附塗層46塗佈於簿寐4?夕主尤 、 部表面,.及插入薄膜42盘凝勝2 ’·較佳為外表面與孔内 ^ w „ 臊4^、旋膠電解質44 (或凝膠形成聚合 ^之^’且不負面地影響離子導電性(例如,因孔阻 薄膜42與凝膠電“低游膜撓性.,且增加 (或凝膠電解質),態中.,除了凝穋形成聚合物層 會屏4r 、 *亦使用塗層46 .,因此並非取代物。 室層4 6可以活性成份鱼笮如 · 膜42。Λ τ e r >成伤一 d之稀釋溶液之形式塗佈於薄 平二適當之黏附性,.塗㈣應具有在小於" =圍(較佳為〇.05至小於〇.3毫克/平方公 密度。在取個:二1至〇.25毫克/平方公分之範圍)之表面 (r ) # ^ -¾ , •、擇活性成份使得塗層之表面能量 c寺於或小於缚膜之表面能量(rj。,例如、,典型之薄
第7頁 五、發明說明(5) 膜物質包括夸7 29_ 枯也乙烯(rPE :約3 5 -36)及聚丙烯(7pp :約 。.例如,·參見A. F. M. Barton之溶解參數手册,,第2 勺枯R. C出版社’·(1 991 ),·第586頁•。例示之活性成份 ί於聚氟亞乙稀(PVDF):聚丙稀酸醋.、與聚丙稀
C^p 了 ^聚物(例如’ PVDF共聚物、更特別是PVDF : HFP 約32 i ^丙稀或六氟丙烯)共聚物)及其混合物·。TpvDF為 冰m ^各2 5 β選擇溶劑使得其可溶解活性成份,。例示之 二=,^PVDF:HFP但不限於有機溶劑、例如•,四氫咲味·、 糾士 a MEK)、'與丙鋼.。稀釋溶液可含少於1 0重量%之活 Μ Μ 圖2—4描述表面密度(毫克/平方公分)·, 二? J/ 數(例如,參見美國專利5, 464, 238 ) '及黏附 #。^英吋)如溶液(四氫呋喃)*PVDF : HFP共聚物%之函 *二d , XDBP’指對活性成份等量之塑性劑(DBp) .3 以 ^衣造具有具黏附塗層之分離物之電池•,其可包含 ^ ^步驟,以活性成份與溶劑之混合物塗覆微孔薄膜, 二仗=燥分離物;,以凝膠形成聚合物塗覆分離物.;層合陽 ί ‘、1覆之分離物、•與陰極,•而形成無.電解質之電池》;將 Ψ私/ ,^、袋(例如取代‘罐,之不漏:撓性包裝) 奸、將私解貝加入袋中;及將電.池硬化而形成凝膠電解 貝’、而形成活性電池' _在替代具體實施例中•,在美國專利5,63 9,573 ; 〕’ 681,,,357 與5, 688’ 293中討論之吸收或凝膠形成層.,其 在此併入作為參考.,藉由塑性劑之包括而改良。塑性劑之 主要功能為作為稠密塗覆(gp,3毫克/平方公分).,吸
五、發明說明(6) 收或凝膠形成層中之可萃取濾器。.塑性劑因為層在微孔薄 膜中遮住孔或減小孔之直徑之趨勢:結果降低導電度,而 在稠密塗覆層為必要的例示之塑性劑包括但不限於酯, 例如,酞酸酯為主之酯:如酞酸二丁酯。 ’ 製造具有具凝膠形成聚合物與塑性劑之塗層之電池之方 法可包含以下之步驟:以聚合物與塑性劑之溶劑混合物塗 覆微孔薄媒;然後乾燥分離物,;層合(例如.,在熱與壓力 下)陽極、分離物、與陰極而形成無電解質之電池;去除 塑性劑(例如,藉由使用適當溶劑之萃取,例如,曱醇); 將此電池置於’袋’中;及將電解質加入袋中,而形成活性 電池。 本發明可在其他特定形式具體化而不背離其精神或重要 屬性,因此,應參考所附之申請專利範圍,而非以上之說 明書,作為表示本發明之範圍。
Claims (1)
- 六、申請旱利範圍 ' 1. 一種電池分離物,,其包含.: 微孔薄膜.;及 其上之黏附塗層:該塗層具有< 0.3毫克/平方公分之 表面密度、。 " 2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之分離物:其中該表面密度 範圍為0.05至< 0.3毫克/平方公分.。 3. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之分離物.,其中該表面密度 範圍為0. 1至0. 25毫克/平方公分: 4. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之分離物,,其中該黏附塗層 包含選自包括氟亞乙烯、、聚丙烯酸酯.、聚丙烯腈.、其共聚 物及其混合物之活性成份.。 5. 根據申請專利範圍第4項之分離物,,其中該活性成份 為聚(氟亞乙烯;六氟丙烯)共聚物.。 6. —種電池:其具有根據申請專利範圍第1項之分離 物。 * 7. 根據申請專利範圍第6項之電池:其為鋰離子電池.。 8. —種電池分離物,.其包含: 微孔薄膜,.該薄膜具有表面能量(r,);及 其上之黏附塗層、,該塗層具有表面能量(r c),;其中 Ύ < γ 0 / c = / m 9 . 一種電池分離物:其包含ι : 微孔薄膜j及 其上之凝膠形成塗層、,該塗層包含吸收或凝膠彤成a 合物與塑性劑、。第10頁第11頁
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/016,024 US6322923B1 (en) | 1998-01-30 | 1998-01-30 | Separator for gel electrolyte battery |
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TW388134B true TW388134B (en) | 2000-04-21 |
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TW087119915A TW388134B (en) | 1998-01-30 | 1998-12-01 | Separator for gel electrolyte battery |
Country Status (6)
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US (1) | US6322923B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0933824A3 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP4891470B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100628478B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2254809A1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW388134B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (62)
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US6743876B2 (en) * | 1997-02-28 | 2004-06-01 | Atofina Chemicals, Inc. | Copolymers of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene having reduced extractable content and improved solution clarity |
JP4952193B2 (ja) * | 1999-05-26 | 2012-06-13 | ソニー株式会社 | リチウム二次電池 |
JP4075259B2 (ja) * | 1999-05-26 | 2008-04-16 | ソニー株式会社 | 固体電解質二次電池 |
US6337101B1 (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2002-01-08 | Valence Technology (Nevada), Inc. | Method of treating separator for use in electrochemical cell devices |
US6579643B1 (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2003-06-17 | Valence Technology, Inc. | Separator having a plasticizer coating for use in electrochemical cell devices |
US6328770B1 (en) | 1999-11-23 | 2001-12-11 | Valence Technology (Nevada), Inc. | Method of making multi-layer electrochemical cell devices |
CN1171349C (zh) * | 1999-12-14 | 2004-10-13 | 三洋电机株式会社 | 锂蓄电池及具有该电池的电池装置 |
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- 1998-12-01 CA CA002254809A patent/CA2254809A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-12-01 TW TW087119915A patent/TW388134B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-12-17 KR KR1019980055651A patent/KR100628478B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-01-18 JP JP00863799A patent/JP4891470B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-26 EP EP99101376A patent/EP0933824A3/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-08-20 JP JP2010185334A patent/JP5337768B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Publication number | Publication date |
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US6322923B1 (en) | 2001-11-27 |
JP4891470B2 (ja) | 2012-03-07 |
EP0933824A2 (en) | 1999-08-04 |
JP5337768B2 (ja) | 2013-11-06 |
KR19990066849A (ko) | 1999-08-16 |
KR100628478B1 (ko) | 2006-12-22 |
JP2010282976A (ja) | 2010-12-16 |
JPH11260341A (ja) | 1999-09-24 |
CA2254809A1 (en) | 1999-07-30 |
EP0933824A3 (en) | 2000-07-26 |
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