TW201543582A - 半導體裝置及其製造方法 - Google Patents
半導體裝置及其製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201543582A TW201543582A TW104102682A TW104102682A TW201543582A TW 201543582 A TW201543582 A TW 201543582A TW 104102682 A TW104102682 A TW 104102682A TW 104102682 A TW104102682 A TW 104102682A TW 201543582 A TW201543582 A TW 201543582A
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- semiconductor wafer
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- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/50—Working by transmitting the laser beam through or within the workpiece
- B23K26/53—Working by transmitting the laser beam through or within the workpiece for modifying or reforming the material inside the workpiece, e.g. for producing break initiation cracks
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Abstract
本發明係一種半導體裝置及其製造方法,其課題為提供耐濕性良好的之半導體裝置。
解決手段為由形成具有大的凹凸之範圍(25)於經由封閉樹脂(8)所被覆之半導體晶片(2)之上側面,而形成具有小的凹凸之範圍(24)於下側面者,使半導體晶片(2)與封閉樹脂(8)之密著力提升,防止自外部的水分之浸入。
Description
本發明係有關半導體裝置之製造方法,特別是有關可抑制於半導體晶片與塑模樹脂之間產生有剝離情況之半導體封裝之製造方法。
環繞近年來的半導體裝置之環境係特別在車載領域中電子化進展著,對於引擎室搭載電子構件等變多,而市場上要求有在更高溫且多濕的環境之動作保障。為了進行動作保障之試驗方法,係具體而言在公共機關中加以規定。例如,對於經由代表性的規格之IPC/JEDEC之J-STD-020D“Moisture/Reflow Sensitivity Classification for Nonhermetic Solid State Surface Mount Devices”之Moisture Sensitivity Level(以下MSL),係有的對於保管溫度‧濕度條件或開封後之處理時間或信賴性試驗的條件之規定。
對於對應於如此之試驗,係特別必須抑制在半導體封裝內部之各密著界面的剝離情況,而揭示有至此各種構造
或製造方法。
作為一例,揭示有:於引線架表面,將稱作PPF(Pre-Plated Frame)之自Pd/Ni/Au等加以構成之電鍍表面,作為凹凸化,使與塑模樹脂之密著性提升之信賴性高的樹脂封閉型半導體裝置。(例如,參照專利文獻1)
另外,揭示有作為剝離的原因而有經由在各構成材料之熱膨脹係數差的熱應力之影響,為了抑制此等而調整,塑模樹脂之熱膨脹係數與彎曲彈性,半導體封裝內部的熱應力則變小而封裝的信性性高之樹脂封閉型半導體裝置。
(例如,參照專利文獻2)
[專利文獻1]日本特開2005-223305號公報
[專利文獻2]日本特開2001-223304號公報
但作為使用此等技術,亦無法完全抑制半導體封裝之剝離者。原因是半導體封裝之主要構成材料的引線架,塑模樹脂,半導體晶片係因各自材料不同之故而伴隨有熱膨脹係數的差。另外,從各材料之加工方法的不同,表面狀態亦為不同之故而內部的密著力與應力係有著不均一之狀態。隨之,即使使特定部位之密著性提升,以及將塑模樹脂作為低應力化,如未相對性地均一化內部密著力時,結
果係應力將集中於密著力弱的部分,而成為從其部位誘發剝離者。半導體晶片之保護膜表面與封閉樹脂之密著性或引線架與封閉樹脂之密著性係持續加以改善,但部分存在有密著性弱的部分。
於圖4,顯示為了說明在半導體晶片側面之剝離的圖。如圖4(a)所示,半導體晶片2係於施以粗面15於表面的晶粒墊片3上,藉由銀電糊等之接著劑18而加以搭載。半導體晶片2之上表面係由聚醯亞胺膜等所成之保護膜17而加以被覆,而晶粒墊片3,半導體晶片2係經由封閉樹脂8而加以封閉。擴大半導體晶片2側面者則為圖4(b)。對於半導體晶片2側面係存在有稱為剝離之剝離部19,封閉樹脂8與半導體晶片2則未密著,而有耐濕性低之問題。
本發明係提供:為了解決上述課題之半導體裝置及其製造方法者。
為了解決上述課題,而使用以下的手段。
首先,一種半導體裝置,係具備半導體晶片,和支持前述半導體晶片之晶粒墊片,和接著前述半導體晶片與前述晶粒墊片之接著劑,和朝向前述晶粒墊片的邊而延伸存在之複數之信號用引線,和連接前述半導體晶片與前述信號用引線之接合導線,和以塑模樹脂封閉之封閉體之半導體裝置,其特徵為前述半導體晶片之側面則由第一凹凸側
面與加以形成於前述第一側面之上方的第二凹凸側面所成,而在前述第二凹凸側面的第二凹凸係較在前述第一凹凸側面的第一凹凸為大者。
另外,作成前述第二凹凸側面為前述半導體晶片之厚度的2/3以上者為特徵之半導體裝置。
另外,使用一種半導體裝置之製造方法,係具備半導體晶片,和支持前述半導體晶片之晶粒墊片,和接著前述半導體晶片與前述晶粒墊片之接著劑,和朝向前述晶粒墊片的邊而延伸存在之複數之信號用引線,和連接前述半導體晶片與前述信號用引線之接合導線,和以塑模樹脂封閉之封閉體之半導體裝置之製造方法,其中,於前述半導體晶片之側面形成第一凹凸側面之工程,和於前述半導體晶片之側面形成第二凹凸側面的工程所成者。
另外,使用:形成前述第二凹凸側面之工程則以脈衝雷射形成連續之改質層於前述半導體晶片內之工程者為特徵之半導體裝置之製造方法。
另外,使用:形成前述第二凹凸側面之工程則使用燒蝕雷射之工程者為特徵之半導體裝置之製造方法。
另外,使用:形成前述第一凹凸側面之工程則以脈衝雷射形成隔離之改質層於前述半導體晶片內之工程者為特徵之半導體裝置之製造方法。
另外,使用:形成前述第二凹凸側面之工程則為刀切割工程,而切割刀之網孔尺寸為#1000以下者為特徵之半導體裝置之製造方法。
另外,使用:於前述刀切割工程之後,進行等向性電漿矽蝕刻者為特徵之半導體裝置之製造方法。
另外,使用:形成前述第二凹凸側面之工程則為電漿切割工程,其中,為蝕刻製程之矽蝕刻者為特徵之半導體裝置之製造方法。
由使用上述手段者,可得到半導體晶片與封閉樹脂之密著提升,而耐濕性良好之半導體裝置。
1‧‧‧半導體裝置
2‧‧‧半導體晶片
3‧‧‧晶粒墊片
4‧‧‧引線
5‧‧‧吊引線
5a‧‧‧吊引線基部
5b‧‧‧吊引線外面部
6‧‧‧引線
6a‧‧‧引線內在部
6b‧‧‧引線外面部
7‧‧‧接合導線
8‧‧‧封閉樹脂
9‧‧‧脈衝雷射
10‧‧‧改質層
11‧‧‧改質層
12‧‧‧劃片線
13‧‧‧聚光透鏡
14‧‧‧切割膠帶
15‧‧‧粗面
16‧‧‧切割刀
17‧‧‧保護膜
18‧‧‧接著劑
19‧‧‧剝離部
24‧‧‧第一凹凸側面
25‧‧‧第二凹凸側面
S1‧‧‧切割工程
S2‧‧‧晶片黏合工程
S3‧‧‧晶片黏合處理工程
S4‧‧‧導線接合工程
S5‧‧‧組裝檢查工程
S6‧‧‧樹脂封閉工程
S7‧‧‧改質工程
圖1係顯示本發明之半導體裝置之第1實施形態之剖面圖。
圖2係本發明之半導體裝置的平面圖。
圖3係顯示本發明之半導體裝置之製造方法的工程流程圖。
圖4係以往之半導體裝置的剖面圖。
圖5係顯示本發明之半導體裝置之製造方法的圖。
圖6係顯示本發明之半導體裝置之製造方法的圖。
對於本發明之半導體裝置與其製造方法,使用圖而加以說明。
圖1係本發明之半導體裝置的部分剖面圖。如圖1
(a)所示,半導體晶片2係於施以粗面15於上表面的晶粒墊片3上,藉由銀電糊等之接著劑18而加以搭載。半導體晶片2之上表面係經由聚醯亞胺膜等所成之保護膜17而加以被覆,而晶粒墊片3,半導體晶片2係經由封閉樹脂8而加以封閉。擴大半導體晶片2側面者則為圖1(b)。對於半導體晶片2之側面下部係加以形成有小凹凸所成之第一凹凸側面24(第一凹凸係未圖示),而對於側面上部,係加以形成有配置較在側面下部的凹凸為大之凹凸的第二凹凸側面25。由作為如此之構成者,加以形成有半導體元件之半導體晶片之側面上部與封閉樹脂8之密著力則成為提升,而成為可抑制水分的浸入,作為耐濕性良好之半導體裝置者。然而,在此凹凸為大或小之表現係為從所形成之凹凸的凹部底至凸部頂上為止之長度為大或小者。
然而,於半導體晶片2之側面下部,由設置第一凹凸側面24者,晶片黏合時之接著劑18的冒出則成為良好,即使為小型的半導體晶片,與晶粒墊片3之密著性則亦提升者。
圖2係顯示本發明之半導體裝置之構成的平面圖。樹脂封閉型之半導體裝置1係具備:半導體晶片2,和固定半導體晶片2之晶粒墊片3,和延伸於晶粒墊片3兩側之引線4。半導體晶片2係例如,由半導體基板,和加以設置於半導體基板上之配線層等而加以構成者,加以固定於晶粒墊片3。晶粒墊片3及引線部4係具有導電性者,例
如,由Fe-Ni合金、Cu合金等之金屬所形成。對於晶粒墊片周圍係有複數之引線4,而於晶粒墊片3之一邊側配置有2條,於對向之另一邊側配置有2條,合計加以配置有4條。並且,此等引線部4之中的1條之引線係吊引線5,而吊引線5之基部5a則加以固定於晶粒墊片3。其他的3條係從晶粒墊片3隔離之引線部6,而其內在部6a則藉由具有導電性之接合導線7而與半導體晶片2加以電性連接。對於接合導線7係加以使用金線或銅線。如此所構成之半導體晶片2,晶粒墊片3及引線6之內在部6a係作為由以樹脂加以形成之封閉樹脂8加以封閉,從自外部的衝擊等而保護半導體晶片2,作為電性絕緣之同時,藉由複數之引線4而可電性連接半導體晶片2與外部之構成。作為封閉樹脂8,係例如,使用添加有酚系硬化劑或添加有矽橡膠或填充物等之聯苯系之絕緣樹脂。
接著,使用圖3,對於本發明之半導體裝置之製造方法加以說明。
首先,對於圖所示之工程S1~S6加以說明。切割工程S1係將半導體晶圓分割為半導體晶片之工程。晶片黏合工程S2係使用銀電糊等而接著半導體晶片於引線架之晶粒墊片範圍之工程。接下來的晶片黏合處理工程S3係加熱所接著之晶粒墊片與半導體晶片而使接合部硬化之工程。接下來之導線接合工程S4係經由對於熱壓著併用超音波振動之接合法等,將接合導線,連接半導體晶片表面的電極部分與引線內在部之工程。並且,在以組裝檢查工
程S5,對於晶粒墊片與半導體晶片之接合狀態,半導體晶片與接合導線之接合狀態進行檢查,移行至樹脂封閉工程S6。
樹脂封閉工程S6中,首先,對應於各晶粒墊片,準備具備圍繞晶粒墊片及半導體晶片之空間的模孔,和使加以注入之封閉樹脂,流入至各模孔附近為止之流路,和連通流路與模孔之閘閥的塑模金屬模具。並且,以塑模金屬模具夾入引線架,於各塑模金屬模具,注入,充填封閉樹脂之後,從塑模金屬模具取出所封閉之引線架。在此時點中,於引線間等加以形成有薄的樹脂毛邊。此係在充填樹脂於塑模金屬模具之模孔時,經由從些微的間隙漏出之樹脂者,依存於塑模金屬模具,以對於各塑模金屬模具不同之位置,形狀加以形成。
對於切割工程S1之詳細,以例說明3種方法。
最初,圖3(a)係使用雷射切割工程之製造方法。如圖5所示,在此係於形成於加以貼合在切割膠帶14之半導體基板的半導體晶片2與鄰接之半導體晶片2間,所設置之劃片線12,藉由聚光透鏡13而照射脈衝雷射9。脈衝雷射係加以多段數照射於深度方向,而對於加以雷射照射的範圍係加以形成有改質層10。對於半導體晶片2之厚度方向的上部2/3,係加以形成於深度方向之改質層10則呈平面連續性地連結地,以高輸出緊密地加以照射脈衝雷射。此等則相當於圖3(a)之雷射切割工程1,形成圖1(b)之第二凹凸側面25的工程。雷射切割工程2
係於半導體晶片之厚度方向的下部1/3,形成第一凹凸側面24之工程,經由低輸出之脈衝雷射而加以形成於深度方向之改質層11係加以隔離形成,而各個改質層11的尺寸亦較在雷射切割工程1所形成之改質層10之尺寸為小。歷經雷射切割工程1及2之後,加以劈開,成為得到具有第一凹凸側面24與第二凹凸側面25之半導體晶片2者。
對於半導體晶片2之厚度而言,第二凹凸側面25之厚度如為充分厚時,無須進行雷射切割工程2,於雷射切割工程1之後加以劈開。在此製造方法中,對於第二凹凸側面25係成為加以形成有與前述的例相同尺寸的凹凸者,但第一凹凸側面24係為劈開面之故而成為加以形成極小之凹凸者。
在以上中,說明過脈衝雷射係從半導體晶片之元件形成面之上表面加以照射的例,但在從迴避加以形成於劃片線之TEG之半導體晶片的背面之照射亦可。
第二凹凸側面25係取代脈衝雷射法而使用燒蝕雷射法亦可實現。此情況,對於雷射切割工程1成為使用燒蝕雷射,但比較於脈衝雷射法而成為形成大的凹凸者。對於雷射切割工程2係使用低輸出之脈衝雷射,之後,歷經進行劈開之工程而得到半導體晶片。
接著,圖3(b)係使用刀切割工程之製造方法。如圖6(a),(b)所示,在此係於形成於加以貼合在切割膠帶14之半導體基板的半導體晶片2與鄰接之半導體晶
片2間,所設置之劃片線12,使切割刀16移動而將半導體晶圓,切斷成各個半導體晶片之方法。在此係使用粒度不同之2種切割刀,在刀切割工程1中,以網孔為# 1000以下之粗度的刀,從半導體晶片表面進行半切割,形成第二凹凸側面25。接著,在刀切割工程2中,由使用網孔為# 2000以上的刀而進行割斷者,形成第一凹凸側面24,而成為得到具有第一凹凸側面24與第二凹凸側面25之半導體晶片2。在此製造方法中,由追加如等向性之電漿矽蝕刻之改質工程S7者,加以除去割斷面之損傷層,可作為耐濕性更高之半導體裝置者。
圖3(c)係使用電漿切割工程之製造方法。在電漿切割工程1中,以反覆等向性蝕刻與保護膜之堆積之蝕刻製程,進行矽蝕刻而形成第二凹凸側面25。在蝕刻製程中,於半導體晶片側面,成為加以形成有稱作扇形之連續的凹凸者。接著,以在電漿切割工程2,進行剩餘的矽蝕刻,將半導體晶圓割斷成各個半導體晶片。在此係並非蝕刻製程而使用以異向性蝕刻進行深掘的手法。由歷經如此之電漿切割工程1及2者,成為得到具有第一凹凸側面24與第二凹凸側面25之半導體晶片2者。
2‧‧‧半導體晶片
3‧‧‧晶粒墊片
8‧‧‧封閉樹脂
15‧‧‧粗面
17‧‧‧保護膜
18‧‧‧接著劑
24‧‧‧第一凹凸側面
25‧‧‧第二凹凸側面
Claims (9)
- 一種半導體裝置,係具備半導體晶片,和支持前述半導體晶片之晶粒墊片,和接著前述半導體晶片與前述晶粒墊片之接著劑,和朝向前述晶粒墊片的邊而延伸存在之複數之信號用引線,和連接前述半導體晶片與前述信號用引線之接合導線,和以塑模樹脂封閉之封閉體之半導體裝置,其特徵為前述半導體晶片之側面則由第一凹凸側面與加以形成於前述第一凹凸側面之上方的第二凹凸側面所成,在前述第二凹凸側面的第二凹凸係較在前述第一凹凸側面的第一凹凸為大者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項記載之半導體裝置,其中,前述第二凹凸側面為前述半導體晶片之厚度的2/3以上者。
- 一種半導體裝置之製造方法,係具備半導體晶片,和支持前述半導體晶片之晶粒墊片,和接著前述半導體晶片與前述晶粒墊片之接著劑,和朝向前述晶粒墊片的邊而延伸存在之複數之信號用引線,和連接前述半導體晶片與前述信號用引線之接合導線,和以塑模樹脂封閉之封閉體之半導體裝置之製造方法,其特徵為具備:於前述半導體晶片之側面形成第一凹凸側面之工程,和於前述半導體晶片之側面形成與前述第一凹凸面不同之第二凹凸側面的工程者。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項記載之半導體裝置之製造 方法,其中,形成前述第二凹凸側面之工程則以脈衝雷射形成連續之改質層於前述半導體晶片內之工程者。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項記載之半導體裝置之製造方法,其中,形成前述第二凹凸側面之工程則使用燒蝕雷射之工程者。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項記載之半導體裝置之製造方法,其中,形成前述第一凹凸側面之工程則以脈衝雷射形成隔離之改質層於前述半導體晶片內之工程者。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項記載之半導體裝置之製造方法,其中,形成前述第二凹凸側面之工程則為電漿切割工程,係蝕刻製程之矽蝕刻者。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項記載之半導體裝置之製造方法,其中,形成前述第二凹凸側面之工程則為刀切割工程,係切割刀之網孔尺寸為#1000以下者。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項記載之半導體裝置之製造方法,其中,於前述刀切割工程之後,進行等向性電漿矽蝕刻者。
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US20150228504A1 (en) | 2015-08-13 |
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TWI643267B (zh) | 2018-12-01 |
US9887171B2 (en) | 2018-02-06 |
CN104851851A (zh) | 2015-08-19 |
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