MX170260B - Tratamiento del cuero con copolimeros amfifilicos seleccionados - Google Patents
Tratamiento del cuero con copolimeros amfifilicos seleccionadosInfo
- Publication number
- MX170260B MX170260B MX018512A MX1851289A MX170260B MX 170260 B MX170260 B MX 170260B MX 018512 A MX018512 A MX 018512A MX 1851289 A MX1851289 A MX 1851289A MX 170260 B MX170260 B MX 170260B
- Authority
- MX
- Mexico
- Prior art keywords
- long
- chain
- acrylates
- meth
- ethylenically unsaturated
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
- C08F220/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/14—Monomers containing five or more carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F218/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid or of a haloformic acid
- C08F218/02—Esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08F218/12—Esters of monocarboxylic acids with unsaturated alcohols containing three or more carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1804—C4-(meth)acrylate, e.g. butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate or tert-butyl (meth)acrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1818—C13or longer chain (meth)acrylate, e.g. stearyl (meth)acrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/001—Enzyme electrodes
- C12Q1/004—Enzyme electrodes mediator-assisted
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C3/00—Tanning; Compositions for tanning
- C14C3/02—Chemical tanning
- C14C3/28—Multi-step processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C9/00—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31931—Polyene monomer-containing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31935—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
Abstract
La presente invención se refiere a un metodo para mejorar las propiedades del cuero curtido, el cual comprende someter dicho cuero curtido a una cantidad efectiva de una dispersión acuosa que comprende un copolímero amfifílico dispersado insoluble en agua, formado con una cantidad predominante de por lo menos un monómero hidrofóbico seleccionado entre el grupo consistente de (met)acrilatos de alquilo de cadena larga, (met)acrialtos de alcoxi o de alquilfenoxi (polietilenóxido) de cadena larga, alquenos primarios, esteres de vinilo de ácidos alquil-carboxílicos de cadena larga y mezclas de los mismos, con una cantidad menor de por lo menos un comonómero hidrofílico acídico o básico, etilenicamente insaturado, soluble en agua, copolimerizable.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US27918188A | 1988-12-02 | 1988-12-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
MX170260B true MX170260B (es) | 1993-08-12 |
Family
ID=23067974
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
MX018512A MX170260B (es) | 1988-12-02 | 1989-11-28 | Tratamiento del cuero con copolimeros amfifilicos seleccionados |
Country Status (29)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5316860A (es) |
EP (3) | EP0372746B2 (es) |
JP (1) | JP2892062B2 (es) |
CN (1) | CN1026249C (es) |
AR (1) | AR245226A1 (es) |
AT (2) | ATE198627T1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU626354B2 (es) |
BG (1) | BG51161A3 (es) |
BR (1) | BR8906160A (es) |
CA (1) | CA2003941A1 (es) |
DE (3) | DE68929475T2 (es) |
DK (1) | DK607689A (es) |
EG (1) | EG18982A (es) |
ES (3) | ES2058554T5 (es) |
FI (1) | FI895769A0 (es) |
HU (1) | HU209547B (es) |
IE (1) | IE893565L (es) |
IL (1) | IL92505A0 (es) |
LV (1) | LV10878B (es) |
MA (1) | MA21687A1 (es) |
MX (1) | MX170260B (es) |
NZ (1) | NZ231538A (es) |
PL (1) | PL164660B1 (es) |
PT (1) | PT92461A (es) |
RU (1) | RU2025490C1 (es) |
TN (1) | TNSN89128A1 (es) |
TR (1) | TR25248A (es) |
YU (1) | YU224589A (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA898899B (es) |
Families Citing this family (55)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5279613A (en) * | 1989-08-08 | 1994-01-18 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Copolymers based on long-chain olefins and ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydrides for rendering leathers and skins water-repellent |
US5348807A (en) * | 1991-02-05 | 1994-09-20 | Rohm And Haas Company | Polymeric retan fatliquor for low fogging upholstery leather |
DE4129244A1 (de) * | 1991-09-03 | 1993-03-04 | Henkel Kgaa | Waessrige dispersionen von neuen amphiphilen co-oligomeren fuer die wasch- und reinigungsbestaendige fettende ausruestung von leder und pelzfellen sowie ihre verwendung |
DE4139090A1 (de) * | 1991-11-28 | 1993-06-03 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Verwendung von copolymerisaten mit polysiloxan-einheiten zur behandlung von leder und pelzen |
DE4214011C1 (de) * | 1992-04-29 | 1993-11-04 | Muenzing Chemie Gmbh | Copolymerisate |
DE4223110A1 (de) * | 1992-07-14 | 1994-01-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Neue Lederfettungsmittel und ihre Verwendung (II) |
DE4223111A1 (de) * | 1992-07-14 | 1994-01-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Neue Lederfettungsmittel und ihre Verwendung |
DE4227974C2 (de) * | 1992-08-26 | 1996-04-18 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Alkoxygruppenhaltige Copolymerisate, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung zum Nachgerben von Leder |
DE4236556A1 (de) * | 1992-10-29 | 1994-05-05 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Verfahren zur Weichmachung/Fettung von Ledern und Pelzen |
DE4242039A1 (de) * | 1992-12-12 | 1994-06-16 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Copolymerisate und ihre Verwendung zur Behandlung von Leder |
US5417723A (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1995-05-23 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Use of ester urethanes for retanning |
EP0646651A3 (en) * | 1993-09-23 | 1996-09-18 | Rohm & Haas | Method for improving the treatment of leather. |
DE4334796A1 (de) * | 1993-10-13 | 1995-04-20 | Bayer Ag | Weichmachende und hydrophobierende Nachgerbstoffe |
DE4400507A1 (de) * | 1994-01-12 | 1995-07-13 | Henkel Kgaa | Mittel zur fettenden Ausrüstung von Leder |
DE4405205A1 (de) * | 1994-02-18 | 1995-08-24 | Henkel Kgaa | Neue Lederfettungsmittel und ihre Verwendung |
GB9407226D0 (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1994-06-08 | Allieed Colloids Limited | Leather softening |
DE4439990A1 (de) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-05-15 | Bayer Ag | Ledergerbstoffe und Stellmittel für Farstoffe |
DE19508655A1 (de) | 1995-03-13 | 1996-09-19 | Basf Ag | Wäßrige Lösungen oder wäßrige Dispersionen von Copolymerisaten aus monoethylenisch ungesättigten Dicarbonsäuren oder deren Anhydriden und verzweigtkettigen Oligomeren oder Polymeren |
DE19516961A1 (de) * | 1995-05-12 | 1996-11-28 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Verfahren zur Hydrophobierung von Leder bei niedrigen pH-Werten und damit hergestellte Leder |
AU713882B2 (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 1999-12-16 | Rohm And Haas Company | Method for waterproofing leather |
DE19612986A1 (de) | 1996-04-01 | 1997-10-02 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Copolymerisaten auf Basis ethylenisch ungesättigter Dicarbonsäuren oder Dicarbonsäureanhydride, niederer Olefine und hydrophober Comonomerer zum Nachgerben, Fetten oder Hydrophobieren von Leder und Pelzfellen |
DE19625984C2 (de) * | 1996-06-28 | 1999-07-29 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Wäßrige Polymerdispersionen, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung in der Lederherstellung |
US5820633A (en) * | 1996-09-20 | 1998-10-13 | Lesko; Patricia Marie | Method of treating leather with improved retaining agents |
US6294103B1 (en) | 1996-11-07 | 2001-09-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Use of amphiphilic copolymers containing a fluorinated monomer to impart waterproofness to leather |
EP0841405B1 (en) | 1996-11-07 | 1999-12-29 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Use of amphilic copolymers containing a fluorinated monomer to impart waterproofness to leather |
JP3887169B2 (ja) * | 1997-09-18 | 2007-02-28 | スリーエム カンパニー | フルオロケミカル組成物およびそれを用いた皮革の処理方法 |
US6525127B1 (en) | 1999-05-11 | 2003-02-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Alkylated fluorochemical oligomers and use thereof in the treatment of fibrous substrates |
DE19959949A1 (de) | 1999-12-13 | 2001-06-21 | Bayer Ag | Hydrophobierung mit carboxylgruppenhaltigen Polysiloxanen |
US6903243B1 (en) | 2000-09-08 | 2005-06-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multi-layer absorbent wound dressing |
AU4888702A (en) * | 2001-07-02 | 2003-01-09 | Rohm And Haas Company | Water resistant compositions that retain active components and process |
CA2390952C (en) * | 2001-07-02 | 2006-07-11 | Rohm And Haas Company | Compositions and process for retaining active ingredients comprising networked structured polymers |
BR0300234B8 (pt) * | 2002-03-05 | 2013-02-19 | composiÇço oligomÉrica, mÉtodo para melhorar as propriedades do couro curtido, e, artigo. | |
DE10242401A1 (de) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-03-25 | Basf Ag | Fettungsmittel auf der Basis von Mischungen modifizierter, nativer Öle mit alkoxylierten Alkanolen, ihre Verwendung bei der Herstellung und/oder Behandlung von Leder und Häuten, sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung und/oder Behandlung von Leder und Häuten mit diesen Fettungsmitteln |
DE102004007174A1 (de) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-09-01 | Schill + Seilacher Ag | Verfahren zur wasserabweisenden Ausrüstung von Ledern und Pelzfellen sowie die Verwendung von Eisenverbindungen dafür |
WO2006015978A1 (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2006-02-16 | Tfl Ledertechnik Gmbh | Water-repellent and self-cleaning leather |
JP4789552B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-07 | 2011-10-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 皮革材料の製造方法 |
CN1328392C (zh) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-07-25 | 浙江大学 | 一种长链烷基防水加脂剂的制备方法 |
CN101024920A (zh) * | 2006-02-21 | 2007-08-29 | 罗门哈斯公司 | 处理过的制品及其制造和使用方法 |
JP5122215B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-31 | 2013-01-16 | ローム アンド ハース カンパニー | 調整された粘度を有する水性両親媒性コポリマーエマルジョンおよびその製造方法 |
JP5172228B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-28 | 2013-03-27 | ミドリホクヨー株式会社 | 革 |
EP2045276A1 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-08 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fluoropolymer |
EP2169080B1 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2011-04-27 | Rohm and Haas Company | Aldehyde Scrubbing in Crust Leather and Tanned Leather |
JP5460028B2 (ja) * | 2008-11-18 | 2014-04-02 | ミドリホクヨー株式会社 | インパネ用皮革 |
DE102009047183A1 (de) | 2008-12-19 | 2010-07-15 | Basf Se | Farbstoffmischung zum Färben von Leder |
US8778457B2 (en) | 2010-05-28 | 2014-07-15 | Momentive Performance Materials Gmbh | Hydrophobizing of fibrous materials with polyorganosiloxanes |
EP2557181A1 (de) | 2011-08-12 | 2013-02-13 | LANXESS Deutschland GmbH | Verfahren zum Hydrophobieren von collagenfaserhaltigen Substraten |
DE102012201167A1 (de) | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-01 | Evonik Industries Ag | Mischungszusammensetzung enthaltend aminofunktionelle Siloxane, hydrophobePartikel und hochmolekulare Silicone sowie dessen Verwendung zur Lederbehandlung |
US10053597B2 (en) | 2013-01-18 | 2018-08-21 | Basf Se | Acrylic dispersion-based coating compositions |
KR102407460B1 (ko) * | 2015-12-18 | 2022-06-13 | 롬 앤드 하아스 컴패니 | 크롬-무함유 가죽원단 재무두질 |
EP3336202A1 (de) | 2016-12-13 | 2018-06-20 | LANXESS Deutschland GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung hydrophobierender lederbehandlungsmittel |
PL233266B1 (pl) * | 2017-10-09 | 2019-09-30 | Bartek Spolka Akcyjna | Sposób hydrotermicznej obróbki skóry |
US11932712B2 (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2024-03-19 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Method of treating substrate |
EP4247983A1 (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2023-09-27 | Mith Srl | Procedure for obtaining water/oil repellent fabrics and/or leathers and related product thus obtained |
CN115894784B (zh) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-11-03 | 四川大学 | 一种多官能团共聚物及其制备方法与在胶原改性上的应用 |
CN116444737B (zh) * | 2023-04-26 | 2023-10-10 | 四川大学 | 阳离子丙烯酸树脂复鞣剂及其制备方法 |
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US3103447A (en) * | 1963-09-10 | Leather and method for producing it | ||
US2205882A (en) * | 1938-06-16 | 1940-06-25 | Du Pont | Tanning |
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DE2629748C2 (de) * | 1976-07-02 | 1979-06-07 | Zschimmer & Schwarz Chemische Fabriken, 5420 Lahnstein | Verwendung von Copolymerisaten aus Monoolefinen und Maleinsäureanhydrid zum Füllen und Fetten von Leder und Pelzfellen |
JPS5630340A (en) * | 1979-08-20 | 1981-03-26 | Sony Corp | Digital signal transmitting method |
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DE3931039A1 (de) * | 1989-09-16 | 1991-03-28 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von copolymerisaten auf basis von langkettigen ungesaettigten estern und ethylenisch ungesaettigten carbonsaeuren zum hydrophobieren von leder und pelzfellen |
-
1989
- 1989-10-01 TN TNTNSN89128A patent/TNSN89128A1/fr unknown
- 1989-11-06 IE IE893565A patent/IE893565L/xx unknown
- 1989-11-12 EG EG57689A patent/EG18982A/xx active
- 1989-11-21 ES ES89312070T patent/ES2058554T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-11-21 EP EP89312070A patent/EP0372746B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-11-21 AT AT93113721T patent/ATE198627T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-11-21 EP EP00100046A patent/EP0997539B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-11-21 EP EP93113721A patent/EP0579267B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-11-21 AT AT89312070T patent/ATE109514T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-11-21 DE DE68929475T patent/DE68929475T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-11-21 DE DE68917268T patent/DE68917268T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-11-21 DE DE68929279T patent/DE68929279T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-11-21 ES ES93113721T patent/ES2153369T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-11-21 ES ES00100046T patent/ES2201953T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-11-22 ZA ZA898899A patent/ZA898899B/xx unknown
- 1989-11-24 AR AR89315541A patent/AR245226A1/es active
- 1989-11-25 YU YU02245/89A patent/YU224589A/xx unknown
- 1989-11-27 CA CA002003941A patent/CA2003941A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1989-11-27 NZ NZ231538A patent/NZ231538A/en unknown
- 1989-11-28 MX MX018512A patent/MX170260B/es unknown
- 1989-11-29 AU AU45700/89A patent/AU626354B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-11-30 MA MA21943A patent/MA21687A1/fr unknown
- 1989-11-30 BG BG90509A patent/BG51161A3/xx unknown
- 1989-11-30 PT PT92461A patent/PT92461A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-11-30 IL IL92505A patent/IL92505A0/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-11-30 JP JP1312257A patent/JP2892062B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-01 CN CN91101251A patent/CN1026249C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-01 PL PL89282588A patent/PL164660B1/pl unknown
- 1989-12-01 FI FI895769A patent/FI895769A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-12-01 RU SU894742758A patent/RU2025490C1/ru active
- 1989-12-01 TR TR89/1032A patent/TR25248A/xx unknown
- 1989-12-01 DK DK607689A patent/DK607689A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-12-01 HU HU896344A patent/HU209547B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-12-04 BR BR898906160A patent/BR8906160A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1990
- 1990-06-07 US US07/535,228 patent/US5316860A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-06-30 LV LVP-93-918A patent/LV10878B/lv unknown
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