KR20180098655A - 탈아스탈트화된 오일로부터의 브라이트 스톡의 제조 - Google Patents
탈아스탈트화된 오일로부터의 브라이트 스톡의 제조 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20180098655A KR20180098655A KR1020187021933A KR20187021933A KR20180098655A KR 20180098655 A KR20180098655 A KR 20180098655A KR 1020187021933 A KR1020187021933 A KR 1020187021933A KR 20187021933 A KR20187021933 A KR 20187021933A KR 20180098655 A KR20180098655 A KR 20180098655A
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- lubricant
- Prior art date
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 201
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 80
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 40
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000434 field desorption mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 163
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 196
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 177
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 130
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 82
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 75
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 71
- -1 C 5 alkane Chemical class 0.000 description 66
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 61
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 54
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- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 42
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 40
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 40
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 36
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 34
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 34
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 31
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 31
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 29
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 24
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- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 22
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- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 20
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- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 19
- SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;6-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)amino]hexanoate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC(C(=O)NCCCCCC([O-])=O)=CC(OC)=C1OC SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 19
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000004252 FT/ICR mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 13
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 229920005862 polyol Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 12
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 8
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical class ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ZMRQTIAUOLVKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;diphenoxide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMRQTIAUOLVKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 6
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 1-oleoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MQHWFIOJQSCFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium salicylate Chemical class [Mg+2].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O MQHWFIOJQSCFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910003294 NiMo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- AVVIDTZRJBSXML-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2-carboxyphenolate;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O AVVIDTZRJBSXML-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CO)CO YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-HXUWFJFHSA-N glycerol monolinoleate Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-HXUWFJFHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- PDEDQSAFHNADLV-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;disodium;dinitrate;nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[K+].[O-]N=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PDEDQSAFHNADLV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003900 succinic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical class [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- QHZLMUACJMDIAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monopalmitoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO QHZLMUACJMDIAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NFIDBGJMFKNGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylpropyl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1O NFIDBGJMFKNGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IHQZONJYGAQKGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-dodecylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 IHQZONJYGAQKGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XCIGNJPXXAPZDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-heptylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 XCIGNJPXXAPZDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZXENURKTAAQNOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-octylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 ZXENURKTAAQNOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000847 nonoxynol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004707 phenolate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
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- BPILDHPJSYVNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;diiodomethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(I)I BPILDHPJSYVNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
- C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
- C10G67/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
- C10G67/0454—Solvent desasphalting
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- C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
- C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
- C10G67/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
- C10G67/0454—Solvent desasphalting
- C10G67/0463—The hydrotreatment being a hydrorefining
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
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- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/10—Lubricating oil
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 탈아스팔트화된 오일을 가공하여 윤활유 베이스 스톡을 형성하기 위한 구성의 또 다른 예를 개략적으로 도시한다.
도 3은 탈아스팔트화된 오일을 가공하여 윤활유 베이스 스톡을 형성하기 위한 구성의 또 다른 예를 개략적으로 도시한다.
도 4는 다양한 수준의 수첨 처리 가혹도에서 펜탄 탈아스팔트화된 오일을 처리한 결과를 나타낸다.
도 5는 산성(sour) 수첨 분해와 비-산성(sweet) 수첨분해의 다양한 조합 구성으로 탈아스팔트화된 오일을 처리한 결과를 도시한다.
도 6은 탈아스팔트화된 오일을 가공하여 윤활유 베이스 스톡을 형성하기 위한 구성의 일례를 개략적으로 도시한다.
도 7은 다양한 프로판 탈아스팔트화된 공급물 및 기준 베이스 스톡으로부터 제조된 윤활유 베이스 스톡의 특성을 도시한다.
도 8은 다양한 부탄 탈아스팔트화된 공급물로부터 제조된 윤활유 베이스 스톡의 특성을 도시한다.
도 9는 그룹 I 및 그룹 II 브라이트 스톡을 사용하여 형성된 제형화된 윤활유의 특성을 도시한다.
도 10은 그룹 I 및 그룹 II 브라이트 스톡을 사용하여 형성된 제형화된 윤활유의 특성을 도시한다.
도 11은 그룹 I 및 그룹 II 브라이트 스톡을 사용하여 형성된 제형화된 윤활유의 특성을 도시한다.
도 12는 다양한 펜탄 탈아스팔트화된 공급물로부터 제조된 윤활유 베이스 스톡의 특성을 도시한다.
도 13은 다양한 펜탄 탈아스팔트화된 공급물로부터 제조된 윤활유 베이스 스톡의 특성을 도시한다.
| 화합물 |
대략적인 중량% (유용함) |
대략적인 중량% (바람직함) |
| 분산제 세정제 |
0.1-20 0.1-20 |
0.1-8 0.1-8 |
| 마찰 개질제 | 0.01-5 | 0.01-1.5 |
| 산화방지제 | 0.1-5 | 0.1-1.5 |
| 유동점 강하제(PPD) | 0.0-5 | 0.01-1.5 |
| 소포제 | 0.001-3 | 0.001-0.15 |
| 점도 지수 개질제 (순수 중합체 기준) |
0.0-8 | 0.1-6 |
| 내마모제 | 0.1-2 | 0.5-1 |
| 억제제 및 방청제 | 0.01-5 | 0.01-1.5 |
| API 도 | 14.0 |
| 황 (중량%) | 2.8 |
| 질소 (wppm) | 2653 |
| Ni (wppm) | 9.5 |
| V (wppm) | 14.0 |
| CCR (중량%) | 8.3 |
| 왁스 (중량%) | 3.9 |
| GCD 증류 (중량%) | (℃) |
| 5% | 480 |
| 10% | 505 |
| 30% | 558 |
| 50% | 597 |
| 70% | 641 |
| 90% | 712 |
| 생성물 분획 | |
| VI | 104.4 |
| KV @100℃ | 26.6 |
| KV @40℃ | 337 |
| 유동점 (℃) | -28 |
| 운점 (℃) | 8.4 |
| 전환율 (510℃에 대한 중량%) | 49 |
| 생성물 분획 | |
| VI | 104.4 |
| KV @100℃ | 25.7 |
| KV @40℃ | 321 |
| 유동점 (℃) | -27 |
| 운점 (℃) | -7.1 |
| API 도 | 13.7 |
| 황 (중량%) | 3.6 |
| 질소 (wppm) | 2099 |
| Ni (wppm) | 5.2 |
| V (wppm) | 14.0 |
| CCR (중량%) | 8.1 |
| 왁스 (중량%) | 4.2 |
| GCD 증류 (중량%) | (℃) |
| 5% | 422 |
| 10% | 465 |
| 30% | 541 |
| 50% | 584 |
| 70% | n/a |
| 90% | 652 |
| 생성물 분획 | 560℃+ | 라피네이트 | 추출물 |
| CDW 유출물 | (수율 92.2%) | ||
| API | 30.0 | 30.2 | 27.6 |
| VI | 104.2 | 105.2 | 89 |
| KV @100℃ | 29.8 | 30.3 | 29.9 |
| KV @40℃ | 401 | 405 | 412 |
| 유동점 (℃) | -21 | -30 | |
| 운점 (℃) | 7.8 | -24 |
| 생성물 분획 | 과소-탈랍 | 고-가혹도 |
| VI | 106.6 | 106.4 |
| KV @100℃ | 37.6 | 30.5 |
| KV @40℃ | 551 | 396 |
| 유동점 (℃) | -24 | -24 |
| 운점 (℃) | 8.6 | 4.9 |
| 잔유 (566℃+) | 잔유 A | 잔유 B |
| API 도 (도) | 5.4 | 4.4 |
| 비중 (15℃) (g/cc) | 1.0336 | 1.0412 |
| 전체 황 (중량%) | 4.56 | 5.03 |
| 니켈 (wppm) | 43.7 | 48.7 |
| 바나듐 (wppm) | 114 | 119 |
| TAN (mg KOH/g) | 0.314 | 0.174 |
| 전체 질소 (wppm) | 4760 | 4370 |
| 염기성 질소 (wppm) | 1210 | 1370 |
| 탄소 잔사 (중량%) | 24.4 | 25.8 |
| n-헵단 불용물 (중량%) | 7.68 | 8.83 |
| 왁스 (전체 - DSC) (중량%) | 1.4 | 1.32 |
| KV @ 100℃ (cSt) | 5920 | 11200 |
| KV @ 135℃ (cSt) | 619 | 988 |
| C3 DAO | C4 DAO | C5 DAO | |
| API 도(도) | 22.4 | 12.9 | 12.6 |
| 비중 (15℃) (g/cc) | 0.9138 | 0.9782 | 0.9808 |
| 전체 황 (중량%) | 2.01 | 3.82 | 3.56 |
| 니켈 (wppm) | < 0.1 | 5.2 | 5.3 |
| 바나듐 (wppm) | < 0.1 | 15.6 | 17.4 |
| 전체 질소 (wppm) | 504 | 2116 | 1933 |
| 염기성 질소 (wppm) | 203 | <N/A> | 478 |
| 탄소 잔사 (중량%) | 1.6 | 8.3 | 11.0 |
| KV @ 100℃ (cSt) | 33.3 | 124 | 172 |
| VI | 96 | 61 | <N/A> |
| 심디스트(SimDist) (ASTM D2887) ℃ |
|||
| 5 중량% | 509 | 490 | 527 |
| 10 중량% | 528 | 515 | 546 |
| 30 중량% | 566 | 568 | 588 |
| 50 중량% | 593 | 608 | 619 |
| 70 중량% | 623 | 657 | 664 |
| 90 중량% | 675 | <N/A> | <N/A> |
| 95 중량% | 701 | <N/A> | <N/A> |
Claims (15)
- 900℉(482℃) 이상의 T10 증류점; 80 이상의 점도 지수; 90 중량% 이상(또는 95 중량% 이상)의 포화물 함량; 300 wppm 미만의 황 함량; 100℃에서 14 cSt 이상의 동점도(kinematic viscosity); 40℃에서 320 cSt 이상(또는 340 cSt 이상, 또는 350 cSt 이상)의 동점도; 및 조성물의 100개의 탄소 원자 당 1.7개 이상(또는 1.8개 이상 또는 1.9개 이상)의 말단/펜던트 프로필 기와 말단/펜던트 에틸 기의 합을 포함하는 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 말단/펜던트 프로필 기의 총 수가 조성물의 100개의 탄소 원자 당 0.85개 초과이거나, 또는 상기 말단/펜던트 에틸기의 총 수가 조성물의 100개의 탄소 원자 당 0.85개 초과이거나, 또는 이들의 조합인, 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물. - 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서,
a) 상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 -6℃ 이하의 유동점을 갖거나;
b) 상기 윤활제 베이스 스톡 조성물이 -2℃ 이하의 운점을 갖거나;
c) 상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 25℃ 이하의 운점과 유동점의 차이를 포함하거나; 또는
d) a)와 b), a)와 c), b)와 c), 또는 a)와 b)와 c)의 조합인,
윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물. - 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 0.060 이상의 엡실론 탄소 원자에 대한 말단/펜던트 프로필 기의 비를 갖거나; 또는 상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 0.060 이상의 엡실론 탄소 원자에 대한 말단/펜던트 에틸 기의 비를 갖거나; 또는 이들의 조합인, 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물. - 제 1 항 내지 제 4 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 0.10 이상의 엡실론 탄소 원자에 대한 말단/펜던트 프로필 기와 말단/펜던트 에틸 기의 합의 비를 갖는, 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물. - 제 1 항 내지 제 5 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 1.5 이상의 탁도(turbidity) 및 0℃ 이하의 운점을 갖거나, 또는 상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 2.0 이상의 탁도를 갖거나, 또는 상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 4.0 이하의 탁도를 갖거나, 또는 이들의 조합인, 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물. - 제 1 항 내지 제 6 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 1000℉(538℃) 이상 또는 1050℉(566℃) 이상의 T50 증류점을 포함하거나, 또는 1150℉(621℃) 이상 또는 1200℉(649℃) 이상의 T90 증류점을 포함하거나, 또는 이들의 조합인, 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물. - 제 1 항 내지 제 7 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 (FDMS에 의해 결정시) 100개의 분자 당 2개의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자 17개 이상 및 100개의 분자 당 3개의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자 20개 이상을 포함하는, 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물. - 제 1 항 내지 제 8 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 0.1 중량% 이하의 콘라드손 탄소 잔사(Conradson Carbon Residue) 함량을 포함하거나, 또는 상기 점도 지수가 90 이상이거나, 또는 100℃에서의 동점도가 20 cSt 이상이거나, 또는 40℃에서의 동점도가 340 cSt 이상이거나, 또는 이들의 조합인, 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물. - 제 1 항 내지 제 9 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 (FDMS에 의해 결정시 또는 FTICR-MS에 의해 결정시) 100개의 분자 당 6개의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자 7개 미만을 포함하거나, 100개의 분자 당 6개 이상의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자 16개 미만을 포함하거나, 또는 2개의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자에 대한 6개 이상의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자의 비가 0.8 이하이거나, 또는 이들의 조합인, 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물. - 제 1 항 내지 제 10 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 조성물 중의 100개의 탄소 원자 당 14.5개 미만의 엡실론 탄소 원자를 포함하는, 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물. - 제 1 항 내지 제 11 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 (FTICR-MS에 의해 결정시) 100개의 분자 당 6개의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자 7개 미만, 100개의 분자 당 7개의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자 4개 미만, 100개의 분자 당 8개의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자 2개 미만, 및 100개의 분자 당 9개의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자 1개 미만을 포함하는, 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물. - 제 1 항 내지 제 12 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
i) 상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 (FDMS에 의해 결정시) 100개의 분자 당 2개의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자 20개 이상 및 100개의 분자 당 3개의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자 22개 이상을 포함하고, 이때 상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물은 임의적으로 0.02 중량% 이하의 콘라드손 탄소 잔사 함량을 포함하거나;
ii) 상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이 (FDMS에 의해 결정시) 100개의 분자 당 6개의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자 7개 미만을 포함하고, 이때 상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물은 임의적으로 0.1 중량% 이하의 콘라드손 탄소 잔사 함량을 포함하거나; 또는
iii) i) 및 ii)의 조합인, 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물. - 제 1 항 내지 제 13 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물이, (FTICR-MS에 의해 결정시) 100개의 분자 당 6개 이상의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자 16개 미만을 포함하거나, 4 내지 6개의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자에 대한 1 내지 3개의 포화 고리를 포함하는 분자의 비가 1.1 이상이거나, 또는 이들의 조합인, 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물. - 제 1 항 내지 제 14 항 중 어느 한 항의 윤활유 베이스 스톡 조성물 및 1종 이상의 첨가제를 포함하는 제형화된 윤활제.
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| US15/390,943 US10590360B2 (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2016-12-27 | Bright stock production from deasphalted oil |
| PCT/US2016/068806 WO2017117178A1 (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2016-12-28 | Bright stock production from deasphalted oil |
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| CN108127083A (zh) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-06-08 | 安徽鑫宏机械有限公司 | 一种精密铸件砂型模壳的脱蜡回收熔模工艺 |
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| CN105316036B (zh) * | 2014-06-16 | 2019-10-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种生产超高粘度指数润滑油基础油的方法 |
| JP6294169B2 (ja) | 2014-06-24 | 2018-03-14 | 出光興産株式会社 | 灯油組成物および灯油組成物の製造方法 |
| CN104725222A (zh) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-06-24 | 黄小平 | 一种冷冻机油基础油、制备方法、用该基础油制备的冷冻机油组合物及其制备方法 |
| US20170183578A1 (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2017-06-29 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Bright stock production from low severity resid deasphalting |
| US10590360B2 (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2020-03-17 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Bright stock production from deasphalted oil |
-
2016
- 2016-12-27 US US15/390,943 patent/US10590360B2/en active Active
- 2016-12-28 WO PCT/US2016/068806 patent/WO2017117178A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2016-12-28 AU AU2016381604A patent/AU2016381604A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-12-28 JP JP2018553055A patent/JP6997721B2/ja active Active
- 2016-12-28 SG SG11201804665WA patent/SG11201804665WA/en unknown
- 2016-12-28 CN CN201680076738.3A patent/CN108473887B/zh active Active
- 2016-12-28 EP EP16826637.7A patent/EP3397730B1/en active Active
- 2016-12-28 KR KR1020187021933A patent/KR102762110B1/ko active Active
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2021
- 2021-11-05 JP JP2021181294A patent/JP2022025132A/ja active Pending
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| KR870005068A (ko) * | 1985-11-01 | 1987-06-04 | 에드워드 에취. 바란스 | 윤활류의 제조 공정 |
| US6191078B1 (en) * | 1999-09-21 | 2001-02-20 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Part-synthetic, aviation piston engine lubricant |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108473887B (zh) | 2021-08-17 |
| JP2019501274A (ja) | 2019-01-17 |
| EP3397730B1 (en) | 2020-08-26 |
| CN108473887A (zh) | 2018-08-31 |
| AU2016381604A1 (en) | 2018-07-19 |
| EP3397730A1 (en) | 2018-11-07 |
| US10590360B2 (en) | 2020-03-17 |
| JP6997721B2 (ja) | 2022-02-04 |
| US20170211005A1 (en) | 2017-07-27 |
| WO2017117178A1 (en) | 2017-07-06 |
| SG11201804665WA (en) | 2018-07-30 |
| JP2022025132A (ja) | 2022-02-09 |
| KR102762110B1 (ko) | 2025-02-03 |
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