KR100968054B1 - 캐소드 활성 물질 및 비수성 전해질 전지 - Google Patents
캐소드 활성 물질 및 비수성 전해질 전지 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100968054B1 KR100968054B1 KR1020010060502A KR20010060502A KR100968054B1 KR 100968054 B1 KR100968054 B1 KR 100968054B1 KR 1020010060502 A KR1020010060502 A KR 1020010060502A KR 20010060502 A KR20010060502 A KR 20010060502A KR 100968054 B1 KR100968054 B1 KR 100968054B1
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- active material
- cathode active
- carbon
- carbon composite
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- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 115
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 110
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 137
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 61
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 42
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 35
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 29
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 25
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 15
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 13
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- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical class [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910018119 Li 3 PO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 4
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 4
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DEVWVVJXAMFUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+] Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+] DEVWVVJXAMFUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
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- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002194 amorphous carbon material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002180 crystalline carbon material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002221 fluorine Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUPLCMMXKFWTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-1,3-dioxetan-2-one Chemical compound C=C1OC(=O)O1 BUPLCMMXKFWTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPEKGGXMPWTOCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8beta-(2,3-epoxy-2-methylbutyryloxy)-14-acetoxytithifolin Natural products COC(=O)C(C)O LPEKGGXMPWTOCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001148 Al-Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYTVWFLTBYCNAD-UHFFFAOYSA-K O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O IYTVWFLTBYCNAD-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011852 carbon nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLWBTHYKMPSZNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O VLWBTHYKMPSZNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ODQWQRRAPPTVAG-GZTJUZNOSA-N doxepin Chemical compound C1OC2=CC=CC=C2C(=C/CCN(C)C)/C2=CC=CC=C21 ODQWQRRAPPTVAG-GZTJUZNOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- LNOZJRCUHSPCDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Fe+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O LNOZJRCUHSPCDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940057867 methyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium;azanide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[NH2-] BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/45—Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
- C01P2002/82—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by IR- or Raman-data
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/136—Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
Description
BET 비표면적 (㎡/g) |
2차 분쇄 시간 (분) |
초기 방전 용량 (mAh/g) |
50회 사이클 후의 용량 (mAh/g) |
유지율 (%) |
전지 평가 | |
비교 실시예 1 | 1.6 | 0 | 38 | 32 | 84.2 | × |
비교 실시예 2 | 2.4 | 1 | 50 | 35 | 70.0 | × |
비교 실시예 3 |
4.1 | 2 | 56 | 39 | 69.6 | × |
비교 실시예 4 |
6.8 | 6 | 88 | 42 | 47.7 | × |
비교 실시예 5 |
9.1 | 10 | 91 | 63 | 69.2 | × |
실시예 1 | 10.3 | 30 | 108 | 93 | 86.1 | ○ |
실시예 2 | 26.4 | 60 | 121 | 113 | 93.4 | ○ |
실시예 3 | 32.1 | 120 | 154 | 144 | 93.5 | ○ |
실시예 4 | 49.5 | 150 | 160 | 153 | 95.6 | ○ |
실시예 5 | 60.1 | 180 | 161 | 155 | 96.3 | ○ |
BET 비표면적 (㎡/g) |
초기 방전 용량 (㎃h/g) |
30회 사이클 후의 용량 유지율 (%) |
|
실시예 6 | 60.1 | 158 | 95.8 |
실시예 7 | 10.3 | 106 | 93.1 |
비교 실시예 6 | 4.1 | 50 | 87.1 |
1차 입자의 입자 직경 (㎛) |
2차 분쇄 시간 (분) |
초기 방전 용량 (mAh/g) |
50회 사이클 후의 용량 (mAh/g) |
유지율(%) | 전지 평가 | |
실시예 8 | 0.2 | 240 | 164 | 153 | 93.3 | ○ |
실시예 9 | 0.5 | 200 | 161 | 153 | 95.0 | ○ |
실시예 10 | 0.8 | 160 | 160 | 148 | 92.5 | ○ |
실시예 11 | 0.9 | 130 | 156 | 139 | 89.1 | ○ |
실시예 12 | 1.1 | 100 | 145 | 125 | 86.2 | ○ |
실시예 13 | 1.6 | 80 | 132 | 112 | 84.8 | ○ |
실시예 14 | 2.4 | 40 | 118 | 88 | 74.6 | ○ |
실시예 15 | 3.1 | 20 | 107 | 62 | 57.9 | ○ |
비교 실시예 7 |
3.5 | 5 | 72 | 36 | 50.0 | × |
비교 실시예 8 |
4.1 | 3 | 59 | 31 | 52.5 | × |
1차 입자의 입자 직경 (㎛) |
초기 방전 용량 (㎃h/g) |
30회 사이클 후의 용량 유지율 (%) |
|
실시예 16 | 0.5 | 158 | 95.8 |
실시예 17 | 3.1 | 102 | 92.3 |
Claims (12)
- 화학식 LixFePO4의 화합물(여기서, 0<x≤1.0이다)과 탄소 재료로 구성된 복합재(여기서, 탄소 복합재의 단위 중량당 탄소 함량은 3중량% 이상이다)로 이루어지고, 브루나우어 에멧트 텔러 식(Brunauer Emmet Teller formula)으로 구한 비표면적이 10.3㎡/g 이상이거나, 1차 입자의 입자 직경이 3.1㎛ 이하인, 캐소드 활성 물질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 탄소 재료가, 라만 분광법에서 1340 내지 1360㎝-1의 파수에서 나타나는 강도 면적(D)과 1570 내지 1590㎝-1의 파수에서 나타나는 강도 면적(G)의 강도 면적비(A)[D/G]가 0.3 이상인 조건을 만족하는, 캐소드 활성 물질.
- 캐소드 활성 물질을 갖는 캐소드, 애노드 활성 물질을 갖는 애노드 및 비수성(非水性) 전해질을 포함하고,캐소드 활성 물질이 화학식 LixFePO4의 화합물(여기서, 0<x≤1.0이다)과 탄소 재료로 구성된 복합재(여기서, 탄소 복합재의 단위 중량당 탄소 함량은 3중량% 이상이다)로서 브루나우어 에멧트 텔러 식으로 구한 비표면적이 10.3㎡/g 이상이거나, 1차 입자의 입자 직경이 3.1㎛ 이하인, 비수성 전해질 전지.
- 제3항에 있어서, 탄소 재료가, 라만 분광법에서 1340 내지 1360㎝-1의 파수에서 나타나는 강도 면적(D)과 1570 내지 1590㎝-1의 파수에서 나타나는 강도 면적(G)의 강도 면적비(A)[D/G]가 0.30 이상인 조건을 만족하는, 비수성 전해질 전지.
- 제3항에 있어서, 비수성 전해질이 액계(液系) 비수성 전해질인, 비수성 전해질 전지.
- 제3항에 있어서, 비수성 전해질이 중합체계 비수성 전해질인, 비수성 전해질 전지.
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EP2256845B1 (en) | 2017-03-08 |
KR20080091067A (ko) | 2008-10-09 |
EP1193783A3 (en) | 2003-05-14 |
JP2002110162A (ja) | 2002-04-12 |
TW540181B (en) | 2003-07-01 |
KR20020025813A (ko) | 2002-04-04 |
US20070117013A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
JP3921931B2 (ja) | 2007-05-30 |
EP2256846A1 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
EP2256846B1 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
US20020102459A1 (en) | 2002-08-01 |
EP1193783A2 (en) | 2002-04-03 |
CN1180497C (zh) | 2004-12-15 |
CN1346162A (zh) | 2002-04-24 |
EP2256845A1 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
KR100951328B1 (ko) | 2010-04-08 |
EP1193783B1 (en) | 2011-11-02 |
MXPA01009735A (es) | 2004-08-12 |
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